Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Quantité de mouvement'
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Abiteboul, Jeremie. "Transport turbulent et néoclassique de quantité de mouvement toroïdale dans les plasmas de tokamak." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777996.
Full textAbiteboul, Jérémie. "Transport turbulent et néoclassique de quantité de mouvement toroïdale dans les plasmas de tokamak." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4062/document.
Full textThe goal of magnetic confinement devices such as tokamaks is to produce energy from nuclear fusion reactions in plasmas at low densities and high temperatures. Experimentally, toroidal flows have been found to significantly improve the energy confinement, and therefore the performance of the machine. As extrinsic momentum sources will be limited in future fusion devices such as ITER, an understanding of the physics of toroidal momentum transport and the generation of intrinsic toroidal rotation in tokamaks would be an important step in order to predict the rotation profile in experiments. Among the mechanisms expected to contribute to the generation of toroidal rotation is the transport of momentum by electrostatic turbulence, which governs heat transport in tokamaks. Due to the low collisionality of the plasma, kinetic modeling is mandatory for the study of tokamak turbulence. In principle, this implies the modeling of a six-dimensional distribution function representing the density of particles in position and velocity phase-space, which can be reduced to five dimensions when considering only frequencies below the particle cyclotron frequency. This approximation, relevant for the study of turbulence in tokamaks, leads to the so-called gyrokinetic model and brings the computational cost of the model within the presently available numerical resources. In this work, we study the transport of toroidal momentum in tokamaks in the framework of the gyrokinetic model
Bossuet, Cécile. "Étude du transport vertical de quantité de mouvement dans le modèle troposphérique-stratosphérique ARPEGE-climat." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT004H.
Full textChauvet, Hugo. "Écoulements secondaires dans les rivières: influence sur le transport de quantité de mouvement et de soluté." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01025161.
Full textChauvet, Hugo. "Ecoulements secondaires dans les rivières : influence sur le transport de quantité de mouvement et de soluté." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077058.
Full textRiver flow can induce secondary currents orthogonal to the main flow direction. The acoustic Doppler effect allows measurements of these weak currents without modifying the flow. In a straight reach of the Seine river we use an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) mounted on a small raft to evaluate the time-averaged velocity in the river cross-section. These measurements reveal secondary flows organised in periodic counter-rotative pair of cells with a size comparable te the water depth and a velocity of about 1% of the streamwise velocity. The observation of these cells in rivers is reminiscent of previous laboratory measurements made by Blanckaert (2010). We complement these observations with new measurements in a smaller river using an unidirectional acoustic profiler fixed at the water surface. These measurements reveal secondary flow cas similar to the ones observed in the Seine river. Their influence on momentum transfer is then investigated in the framework of the shallow-water approximation. This approach is used to reproduce the streamwise velocity profile over the cross-section. We show that secondary flow cells transport as much momentum as turbulence in rivers. Then, using numerical simulations, we extend this result to the dispersion of solutes by a series of counter-rotative cells. We discuss finatly the origins of these recirculation cells
Lesage, François. "Modélisation et expérimentation des transferts de matière et de quantité de mouvement dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790847.
Full textMistral, Sylvie. "Étude expérimentale et simulation numérique des transferts de quantité de mouvement et thermiques dans les jets supersoniques coaxiaux." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT129H.
Full textRemy, Fabien. "Etude en soufflerie des transferts de quantité de mouvement à l'interface air-mer au-dessus d'états de mer complexes." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX22014.
Full textGarat, Marie-Hélène. "Etude expérimentale du décollement de l'air à la crête des vagues et de ses effets sur les flux de quantité de mouvement." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22018.
Full textVardelle, Armelle. "Etude numérique des transferts de chaleur, de quantité de mouvement et de masse entre un plasma d'arc à la pression atmosphérique et des particules solides." Limoges, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIMO0046.
Full textQUENTIN, Céline Gwenaëlle. "Etude de la surface océanique, de sa signature radar et de ses interactions avec les flux turbulents de quantité de mouvement dans le cadre de l'experience FETCH." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010934.
Full textHans, Stéphane. "Modélisation des transferts couplés de chaleur, de soluté et de quantité de mouvement lors de la refusion à l'arc sous vide (VAR) : application aux alliages de titane." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL023N.
Full textQuentin, Céline. "Etude de la surface océanique, de la signature radar et de ses interactions avec les flux turbulents de quantité de mouvement dans le cadre de l'expérience FETCH." Paris 6, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010934.
Full textPeltier, Yann. "Modélisation physique des écoulements débordants en présence d'un épi placé dans la plaine d'inondation." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845646.
Full textMartínez, Arias Borja. "Torque measurement in turbulent Couette-Taylor flows." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0004/document.
Full textThe flow between two concentric cylinders, i.e., the Couette-Taylor flow, has been investigated when only the inner cylinder rotates. Four set-ups have been employed with 4 values of the radius ratio. Flow visualisations have been performed to analyse the evolution of the flow patterns with the Reynolds number, Re. The variation of the torque acting on the inner cylinder with different parameters has been quantified using the pseudo-Nusselt number, which measures the rate of energy dissipation in the flow.At low Re, the flow is laminar and azimuthal, and the torque is proportional to Re. Above a critical value of Re, Taylor vortices emerge in the flow and the slope of the torque changes drastically. At high values of Re, the vortices become turbulent and the increase rate of torque is enhanced due to the energy dissipation of turbulence. The torque measured up to Re=45 000 depends on the radius ratio of the cylinders and on the number of vortices. Below the ultimate regime of turbulence, flows containing larger number of vortices exert larger levels of torque; above it, flows containing larger number of vortices exert lower levels of torque.A specific study of the torque exerted on the inner cylinder has been carried out with viscoelastic fluids made of large-weight-molecule polymers. If acceleration-deceleration cycles of the rotation of the inner cylinder are applied, the torque exhibits a hysteretic loop, which increases with the polymer concentration. The statistics of the elastic turbulence fluctuations have been analysed. A special focus was made on the torque induced by the solitary vortices obtained in the deceleration phase, before the flow relaminarisation
Le, Louvetel-Poilly Julie. "Etude expérimentale du rôle de la turbulence de paroi dans le transport de particules." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00327093.
Full textAfin de mesurer simultanément le champ de vitesse de l'écoulement ainsi que la position et la vitesse des particules, nous avons utilisé la PIV (Vélocimétrie par Image de Particules) qui permet d'avoir sur la même paire d'image l'information liquide et solide. Nous pouvons ainsi analyser l'écoulement autour de chaque particule et mettre en évidence l'action locale du fluide sur les particules.
L'analyse de l'écoulement se fait dans le voisinage de chaque particule, dont la taille varie entre 5 à 10d. Tout d'abord, l'analyse par quadrants montre que les éjections sont fortement impliquées dans le transport par suspension et par saltation, notamment dans la montée des particules. Elle indique aussi que certaines particules qui descendent sont dans des éjections. Nous cherchons donc à déterminer ce qui fait qu'une éjection est capable ou non de contrer la gravité et de faire monter les particules.
L'étude du flux de quantité de mouvement des éjections montre que plus ce flux est important, plus les particules ont tendance à monter dans les éjections. Nous déterminons donc un seuil permettant de détecter les éjections faisant monter systématiquement les particules. Ce seuil, adimensionalisé , est compris de l'ordre de 0,5 et est quasiment constant en fonction du nombre de Reynolds de l'écoulement, de la hauteur et des caractéristiques des particules.
Nous observons qu'une différence importante entre la suspension et la saltation est le temps de résidence des particules dans les éjections. En effet, plus ce temps est long, plus la particule va pouvoir monter dans l'éjection et plus elle sera transportée par suspension. En revanche quand elle ne reste que peu de temps dans l'éjection, la particule n'a pas le temps de monter et elle est alors transportée par saltation. A partir de l'analyse de ces expériences, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel de transport par suspension dans les éjections en fonction du flux de quantité de mouvement autour des particules, de leur position dans les éjections et des trajectoires de suspension qui ont pues être reconstruites pour les expériences en turbulence contrôlée.
Roch, François. "Modélisation de la solidification d'un lingot de forge." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1992_ROCH_F.pdf.
Full textPeltier, Yann. "Modélisation physique des écoulements débordants en présence d’un épi placé dans la plaine d’inondation." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10150/document.
Full textIf in natural or anthropized rivers, the river cross-section generally gradually and continuously varies, transversal and discontinuous obstacles either natural or artificial may partially or totally block off floodplains. The flow overbanking in the floodplain is therefore contracted by this obstacle which then promotes two recirculation zones of both sides of the obstacle, resulting in a reduction of the flow section and in the generation of strong mass exchange between channels that superimposes to the classical turbulent interactions. New experiments are conducted in two different compound channels: rapidly varied flows in compound channel with a groyne set on the floodplain. Flows with various groyne lengths and total discharges were investigated. Effects on the hydraulic parameters of the superimposition of the two problems that are (i) flow in compound geometry and (ii) rapidly varied flow in the vicinity of a thin obstacle were analysed. Finally, dominance of physical processes in such flow configuration is discussed
Minenna, Damien F. G. "Modélisation hamiltonienne N-corps de l'échange de moment dans l'interaction onde-particule non-linéaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0328.
Full textWe investigate the wave-particle dynamics using an N-body description (often deemed impossible due to the number of degrees of freedom involved). For periodic waveguides, we use a model reduction, called the "discrete model", to drastically reduce the number of degrees of freedom. This technique enables us to obtain smooth coupling terms, enabling the use of macro-particles. Our hamiltonian is reformulated with the discrete model to obtain a one-dimensional N-body self-consistent theory able to describe non-linear effects (oscillations, trapping and chaos) of the wave-particle interaction in time domain. Moreover, our theory is validated analytically against a robust equivalent circuit model. We also investigate a tridimensional version of our theory resting on the helix geometry. Our hamiltonian provides the basis to build a numerical symplectic integrator. This algorithm is used to simulate several traveling-wave tube geometries. Our algorithm is benchmarked against experimental measurements. It also allows the investigation of nonlinear effects in tubes as well as the analysis of the distortion of telecommunication signals. Finally, we demonstrate that, when the phase velocity of an electromagnetic field is not equal to the speed of light in vacuum, then this field has distinct kinematic and canonical momenta.This phenomenon, at the heart of the Abraham-Minkowski controversy, was only observed in dielectric materials so far. We extend its scope to vacuum waveguides and to plasmas, and we suggest its universality
Tronko, Natalia. "Hamiltonian Perturbation Methods for Magnetically Confined Fusion Plasmas." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22088/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with dynamicla investigation of magnetically confined fusion plasmas by using Lagrangian and Hamilton formalisms. It consists of three parts. The first part is devoted to the investigation of barrier formation for the EXB drift model by means of the Hamiltonian control method. The strong magnetic field approach is relevant for magnetically confined fusion plasmas ; this is why at the first approximation one can consider the dynamics of particles driven by constant and uniform magnetic field. In this case only the electrostatic turbulence is taken into account. During this study the expressions for the control term (quadratic in perturbation amplitude) additive to the electrostatic potential, has been obtained. The effeciency of such a control for stopping turbulent diffusion has been shown analytically abd numerically. The second and the third parts of this thesis are devoted to study of self consistent phenomena in magnetized plasmas through the Maxwell-Vlasov model. In particular, the second part of this thesis treats the problem of the monumentum transport by derivation of its conservation law. the Euler-Poincare variational principle (with constrained variations) as well as Noether's theorem is apllied here. this derivation is realized in two cases : first, in electromagnetic turbulence case for the full Maxwell-Vlasov system, and then in electrostatic turbulence case for the gyrokinetic Maxwell-Vlasov system. Then the intrinsic mechanisms reponsible for the intrinsic plama rotation, that can give an important in plasma stabilization, are identified. The last part of this thesis deals with dynamicla reduction for the Maxwell-Vlaslov model. More particularly; the intrisic formulation for the guiding center model is derived. Here the term 'intrinsis" means that no fixed frame was used during its construction. Due to that not any problem related to the gyrogauge dependence of dynamics appears. The study of orbits of trapped particles is considered as one of the possible for illustration of the first step of such a dynamical reduction
Ayet, Alex. "Flux de quantité de mouvement à l'interface air-mer : approche théorique du couplage entre turbulence et vagues de vent On the Impact of Long Wind-Waves on Near-Surface Turbulence and Momentum Fluxes, in Boundary-Layer Meteorology volume 174, March 2020 Scalewise return to isotropy in stratified boundary layer flows, in JGR Atmospheres 125 (16), August 2020 Scaling laws for the length scale of energy‐containing eddies in a sheared and thermally stratified atmospheric surface layer, in Geophysical Research Letters 47(23), December 2020." Thesis, Brest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BRES0038.
Full textDespite numerous works, the causal link between wind and waves is still a controversial subject. This is due, among others, to the multi-scale nature of a realistic ocean surface and to wave breaking, which changes its topology. In this thesis, such problems are studied from a theoretical perspective, using a phenomenological model linking the spectral and averaged properties of wall-bounded turbulence through the geometry attached eddies.The first part of the thesis revisits this phenomenological model by questioning its underlying assumptions and, in particular, reveals inconsistencies in the models used for the energy redistribution between turbulence components (the Rotta model). The phenomenological model is then used to study the coupling between long wind-waves (of order 10m) and turbulence. Results indicate that the deformation of attached eddies, induced by this interaction, could explain some of the variability in momentum fluxes for a given mean wind. Finally, the study of the coupling between turbulence and short breaking waves is approached by defining a roughness sublayer, in which the properties of the attached eddies depend solely on the speed of the dominant breaking fronts for a given wind. These two studies from the basis of a new paradigm to study the multi-scale coupling between the turbulent and wave spectra. This would allow accounting for the influence of environmental parameters on momentum and heat fluxes, and opens new paths both from a theoretical perspective and for the analysis of experimental data
Vardelle, Michel. "Etude experimentale des transferts de chaleurs, de quantite, de mouvement et de masse entre un plasma d'arc a la pression atmospherique et des particules solides." Limoges, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIMO0047.
Full textPerron, Alexandre. "Transfert de quantité de mouvement et augmentation de la résistance électrique causés par la présence des bulles dans une cuve Hall-Héroult /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2006. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textLa p. de t. porte en outre: Thèse présentée à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi pour l'obtention du doctorat en ingénierie. CaQCU Comprend des réf. bibliogr. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Harradi, Benaïssa. "Étude des grandes composantes de quantités de mouvement dans les noyaux au moyen de la diffusion inclusive d'électrons : propriétés de "scaling" de la section efficace inclusive." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF2S870.
Full textVardelle, Michel. "Etude expérimentale des transferts de chaleur, de quantité de mouvement et de masse entre un plasma d'arc à la pression atmosphérique et des particules solides." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376105061.
Full textVardelle, Armelle. "Etude numérique des transferts de chaleur, de quantité de mouvement et de masse entre un plasma d'arc à la pression atmosphérique et des particules solides." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610508q.
Full textTida, Tsilanizara. "Convection turbulente dans le cas d'un jet parietal plan d'eau." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT2004.
Full textAlbergamo, Francesco. "Etude par diffusion de neutrons des proprietes dynamiques de l'helium liquide confine dans des milieux poreux." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006127.
Full textSaid, Frédérique. "Etude expérimentale de la couche limite marine : structure turbulente et flux de la surface (expérience TOXANE-T)." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30022.
Full textNichil, Geoffrey. "Provisionnement en assurance non-vie pour des contrats à maturité longue et à prime unique : application à la réforme Solvabilité 2." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0200/document.
Full textWe consider an insurance company which has to indemnify a bank against losses related to a borrower defaulting on payments. Models normally used by insurers are collectives and do not allows to take into account the personal characteristics of borrowers. In a first part, we defined a model to evaluate potential future default amounts (provision) over a fixed period.The amount of default is the key to our model. For a borrower j and an associated maturity Tj, this amount is max(Sj Tj -Rj Tj ; 0), where Sj Tj is the outstanding amount owed by the borrower and depends on the borrowed amount and the term of the loan, and Rj Tj is the property sale amount. Rj Tj is proportionate to the borrowed amount; the proportionality coefficient is modeled by a geometric Brownian motion and represents the fluctuation price of real estate. The couples (Maturity of the loan, Term of the loan) are modeled by a Poisson point process. The provision Ph, where h is the maximum duration of the loans, is defined as the sum of the random number of individual defaults amounts. We can calculate the mean and the variance of the provision and also give an algorithm to simulate the provision. It is also possible to estimate the parameters of our model and then give a numerical value of the provision quantile. In the second part we will focus on the solvency need due to provisioning risk (topic imposed by the european Solvency 2 reform). The question will be to study the asymptotic behaviour of Ph when h ! +1. We will show that Ph, well renormalized, converges in law to a random variable which is the sum of two random variables whose one is a Gaussian
Germain, Marie. "Émission hors équilibre de protons dans les réactions Ar + Ta et Xe + Sn aux énergies intermédiaires." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT2089.
Full textFavre-Marinet, Michel. "Structures cohérentes dans un jet rond excité." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10061.
Full textAL, SALEH-MAHROUSSEH SALOUA. "Calcul relativiste, en electrodynamique quantique, de la diffusion compton sur un electron lie." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21098.
Full textMahfouf, Jean-François. "Contribution a la definition d'une parametrisation des transferts entre le sol, la vegetation et l'atmosphere : analyse de sensibilite et insertion dans un modele mesoechelle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF21010.
Full textPerron, Alexandre. "Transfert de quantité de mouvement et augmentation de la résistance électrique causés par la présence des bulles dans une cuve Hall-Héroult." Thèse, 2006. http://constellation.uqac.ca/464/1/24827546.pdf.
Full textFournier, Félix. "Classification de systèmes intégrables en coordonnées cylindriques en présence de champs magnétiques." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22721.
Full textAbdul-Reda, Hassan. "Intégrabilité et superintégrabilité de deuxième ordre dans l'espace Euclidien tridimensionel." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23971.
Full textThe article "A systematic search for nonrelativistic systems with dynamical symetries, Part I" published about 50 years ago started the classification of what is now called superintegrable systems. It was devoted to systems in Euclidean space with more integrals of motion than degrees of freedom. The integrals were all assumed to be second order polynomials in the particle momentum. Here we present some further results on second order superintegrability that are relevant for studies of higher order superintegrability and for superintegrability for systems with vector potentials or for particles with spin.
Montanede, Christéva. "L’intégration de la prise de décision visuo-motrice et d’action motrice dans des conditions ambiguës." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12039.
Full textDecision-making is a mechanism that primarily involves supraspinal neural structures to perform a link between the perception of the signal and action. Several studies that seek to understand the mechanisms of decision-making are conducted at various levels ranging from cognitive behavioral analysis to computational modeling. The purpose of this project was to evaluate how moment-to-moment variability of the sensory stimuli observed, influences the ability of humans to detect the direction of motion in a visual stimulus. In this work, we eliminated one of the potential sources of variability, namely variability from one visual image to another of the number of points which carried three different motion signals (coherent left, coherent right, and random) in Random-dot Kinematogram (RDK) stimuli, i.e a source of variability of external origin. “V6” stimuli were standard RDK stimuli with instantaneous (i.e., moment-to-moment) signal variability, whereas “V8” stimuli were modified to eliminate the stochastic variability due to variability in the number of points, which carried the coherent signal from image frame to image frame in the RDK stimuli. If the performance of the subjects, as measured by their reaction times and the number of correct answers, differs in response to the stimuli of which the number of points moving coherently varies (V6) or does not vary (V8) from moment to moment in the visual stimulus, this would be a proof that the variability of peripheral origin would modulate the decision-making process. On the other hand, if the performance of the subjects does not differ between the two types of stimuli, this would be a proof that the major source of variability of performance is of central origin. In our results we found that the strength of coherent movement modulates the reaction times and the number of correct responses of subjects. However, eliminating the variability of peripheral origin defined above, had little significant effect on the performance of the subjects. There is no clear difference between the distribution of reaction times or between errors and correct answers for each test performed between both V6 and V8 stimuli. Finally, after measuring the amount of motion energy in the RDK stimuli, we could propose that: the origin of the observed variability in the results would primarily be of central origin.