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Journal articles on the topic 'Quantum distribution of keys with continuous variables'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Diamanti, Eleni, and Anthony Leverrier. "Distributing Secret Keys with Quantum Continuous Variables: Principle, Security and Implementations." Entropy 17, no. 12 (2015): 6072–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e17096072.

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2

Chen, Rui, Peng Huang, Dengwen Li, Yiqun Zhu, and Guihua Zeng. "Robust Frame Synchronization Scheme for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Simple Process." Entropy 21, no. 12 (2019): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21121146.

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In continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) systems, high-quality data synchronization between two legitimate parties, Alice and Bob, is the premise of the generation of shared secret keys. Synchronization with specially designed frames is an efficient way, but it requires special modulating devices to generate these special frames. Moreover, the extra requirement of special modulating devices makes it technically impossible for some passive preparation schemes. We propose a novel approach to realize synchronization in this paper, which is different from those special-frame-based m

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3

Guo, Ying, Kangshuai Wang, Duan Huang, and Xueqin Jiang. "High efficiency continuous-variable quantum key distribution based on QC-LDPC codes." Chinese Optics Letters 17, no. 11 (2019): 112701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201917.112701.

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4

Bencheikh, K., Th Symul, A. Jankovic, and J. A. Levenson. "Quantum key distribution with continuous variables." Journal of Modern Optics 48, no. 13 (2001): 1903–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340108240896.

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5

K., Bencheikh, Symul Th., Jankovic A., and J. A. Levenson. "Quantum key distribution with continuous variables." Journal of Modern Optics 48, no. 13 (2001): 1903–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340110075122.

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6

Cerf, Nicolas J., and Philippe Grangier. "From quantum cloning to quantum key distribution with continuous variables: a review (Invited)." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 24, no. 2 (2007): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.24.000324.

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7

VIDIELLA-BARRANCO, A., and L. F. M. BORELLI. "CONTINUOUS VARIABLE QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION USING POLARIZED COHERENT STATES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 11n13 (2006): 1287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206033929.

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We discuss a continuous variables method of quantum key distribution employing strongly polarized coherent states of light. The key encoding is performed using the variables known as Stokes parameters, rather than the field quadratures. Their quantum counterpart, the Stokes operators Ŝi ( i =1,2,3), constitute a set of non-commuting operators, being the precision of simultaneous measurements of a pair of them limited by an uncertainty-like relation. Alice transmits a conveniently modulated two-mode coherent state, and Bob randomly measures one of the Stokes parameters of the incoming beam. Aft

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8

Lee, Sunghoon, Jooyoun Park, and Jun Heo. "Improved reconciliation with polar codes in quantum key distribution." Quantum Information and Computation 18, no. 9&10 (2018): 795–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic18.9-10-5.

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic system that generates an information-theoretically secure key shared by two legitimate parties. QKD consists of two parts: quantum and classical. The latter is referred to as classical post-processing (CPP). Information reconciliation is a part of CPP in which parties are given correlated variables and attempt to eliminate the discrepancies between them while disclosing a minimum amount of information. The elegant reconciliation protocol known as \emph{Cascade} was developed specifically for QKD in 1992 and has become the de-facto standard for

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9

Jouguet, Paul, Sébastien Kunz-Jacques, Thierry Debuisschert, et al. "Field test of classical symmetric encryption with continuous variables quantum key distribution." Optics Express 20, no. 13 (2012): 14030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.014030.

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10

Jouguet, Paul, and Sebastien Kunz-Jacques. "High performance error correction for quantum key distribution using polar codes." Quantum Information and Computation 14, no. 3&4 (2014): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic14.3-4-8.

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We study the use of polar codes for both discrete and continuous variables Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). Although very large blocks must be used to obtain the efficiency required by quantum key distribution, and especially continuous variables quantum key distribution, their implementation on generic x86 Central Processing Units (CPUs) is practical. Thanks to recursive decoding, they exhibit excellent decoding speed, much higher than large, irregular Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes implemented on similar hardware, and competitive with implementations of the same codes on high-end Graph

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11

Usenko, V. C., and R. Filip. "Tolerance of continuous-variables quantum key distribution to the noise in state preparation." Optics and Spectroscopy 108, no. 3 (2010): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x10030033.

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12

Peng, Qingquan, Xiaodong Wu, and Ying Guo. "Improving Eight-State Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution by Applying Photon Subtraction." Applied Sciences 9, no. 7 (2019): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9071333.

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We propose a new method to effectively improve the performance of a quantum key distribution with eight-state continuous variables by the photon subtraction method. This operation is effective in increasing and distilling Gaussian entanglement between quantum states, and can be easily realized by existing technology. Simulation results show that the channel-loss tolerance of the eight-state continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol can be extended by the appropriate photon subtraction algorithm; namely, single-photon subtraction.

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13

Busemeyer, J. R., and Z. Wang. "Hilbert space multidimensional modelling of continuous measurements." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2157 (2019): 20190142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0142.

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Data fusion problems arise when a researcher needs to analyse results obtained by measuring empirical variables under different measurement contexts. A context is defined by a subset of variables taken from a complete set of variables under investigation. Multiple contexts can be formed from different subsets, which produce a separate distribution of measurements associated with each context. A context effect occurs when the distributions produced by the different contexts cannot be reproduced by marginalizing over a complete joint distribution formed by all the variables. We propose a Hilbert

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14

RENNER, RENATO. "SECURITY OF QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION." International Journal of Quantum Information 06, no. 01 (2008): 1–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749908003256.

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Quantum Information Theory is an area of physics which studies both fundamental and applied issues in quantum mechanics from an information-theoretical viewpoint. The underlying techniques are, however, often restricted to the analysis of systems which satisfy a certain independence condition. For example, it is assumed that an experiment can be repeated independently many times or that a large physical system consists of many virtually independent parts. Unfortunately, such assumptions are not always justified. This is particularly the case for practical applications — e.g. in quantum cryptog

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15

Grosshans, F., N. J. Cerf, J. Wenger, R. Tualle-Brouri, and Ph Grangier. "Virtual entanglement and reconciliation protocols for quantum cryptography with continuous variables." Quantum Information and Computation 3, special (2003): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic3.s-6.

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We discuss quantum key distribution protocols using quantum continuous variables. We show that such protocols can be made secure against individual gaussian attacks regardless the transmission of the optical line between Alice and Bob. %while other ones require that the line transmission is larger than 50%. This is achieved by reversing the reconciliation procedure subsequent to the quantum transmission, that is, using Bob's instead of Alice's data to build the key. Although squeezing or entanglement may be helpful to improve the resistance to noise, they are not required for the protocols to

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16

Lodewyck, J., M. Bloch, S. Fossier, et al. "Quantum key distribution over 25 km using a fibre set-up based on continuous variables." Annales de Physique 32, no. 2-3 (2007): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/anphys:2008033.

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17

Legré, M., H. Zbinden, and N. Gisin. "Implementation of continuous variable quantum cryptography in optical fibres using a go-&-return configuration." Quantum Information and Computation 6, no. 4&5 (2006): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic6.4-5-2.

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We demonstrate an implementation of quantum key distribution with continuous variables based on a go-&-return configuration over distances up to 14km. This configuration leads to self-compensation of polarisation and phase fluctuations. We observe a high degree of stability of our set-up over many hours.

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18

Chernega, Vladimir, Olga Man'ko, and Vladimir Man'ko. "Probability Representation of Quantum Mechanics Where System States Are Identified with Probability Distributions." Quantum Reports 2, no. 1 (2020): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quantum2010006.

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The probability representation of quantum mechanics where the system states are identified with fair probability distributions is reviewed for systems with continuous variables (the example of the oscillator) and discrete variables (the example of the qubit). The relation for the evolution of the probability distributions which determine quantum states with the Feynman path integral is found. The time-dependent phase of the wave function is related to the time-dependent probability distribution which determines the density matrix. The formal classical-like random variables associated with quan

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19

BANERJEE, SUBHASHISH, and R. SRIKANTH. "COMPLEMENTARITY IN GENERIC OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMS." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 24 (2010): 2485–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910024870.

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We develop a unified, information theoretic interpretation of the number-phase complementarity that is applicable both to finite-dimensional (atomic) and infinite-dimensional (oscillator) systems, with number treated as a discrete Hermitian observable and phase as a continuous positive operator valued measure (POVM). The relevant uncertainty principle is obtained as a lower bound on entropy excess, X, the difference between the entropy of one variable, typically the number, and the knowledge of its complementary variable, typically the phase, where knowledge of a variable is defined as its rel

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20

Adam, Peter, Vladimir A. Andreev, Margarita A. Man’ko, Vladimir I. Man’ko, and Matyas Mechler. "SU(2) Symmetry of Qubit States and Heisenberg–Weyl Symmetry of Systems with Continuous Variables in the Probability Representation of Quantum Mechanics." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (2020): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071099.

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In view of the probabilistic quantizer–dequantizer operators introduced, the qubit states (spin-1/2 particle states, two-level atom states) realizing the irreducible representation of the S U ( 2 ) symmetry group are identified with probability distributions (including the conditional ones) of classical-like dichotomic random variables. The dichotomic random variables are spin-1/2 particle projections m = ± 1 / 2 onto three perpendicular directions in the space. The invertible maps of qubit density operators onto fair probability distributions are constructed. In the suggested probability repr

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21

Bykovsky, Alexey Yu. "Heterogeneous Network Architecture for Integration of AI and Quantum Optics by Means of Multiple-Valued Logic." Quantum Reports 2, no. 1 (2020): 126–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quantum2010010.

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Quantum optics is regarded as the acknowledged method to provide network quantum keys distribution and in the future secure distributed quantum computing, but it should also provide cryptography protection for mobile robots and the Internet of Things (IoT). This task requires the design of new secret coding schemes, which can be also based on multiple-valued logic (MVL). However, this very specific logic model reveals new possibilities for the hierarchical data clustering of arbitrary data sets. The minimization of multiple-valued logic functions is proposed for the analysis of aggregated obje

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22

Daneshgaran, Fred, Marina Mondin, and Khashayar Olia. "Quantization of high dimensional Gaussian vector using permutation modulation with application to information reconciliation in continuous variable QKD." International Journal of Quantum Information 15, no. 08 (2017): 1740028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749917400287.

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This paper is focused on the problem of Information Reconciliation (IR) for continuous variable Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). The main problem is quantization and assignment of labels to the samples of the Gaussian variables observed at Alice and Bob. Trouble is that most of the samples, assuming that the Gaussian variable is zero mean which is de-facto the case, tend to have small magnitudes and are easily disturbed by noise. Transmission over longer and longer distances increases the losses corresponding to a lower effective Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) exasperating the problem. Quantizatio

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23

Dequal, Daniele, Luis Trigo Vidarte, Victor Roman Rodriguez, et al. "Feasibility of satellite-to-ground continuous-variable quantum key distribution." npj Quantum Information 7, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-020-00336-4.

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AbstractEstablishing secure communication links at a global scale is a major potential application of quantum information science but also extremely challenging for the underlying technology. Although milestone experiments using satellite-to-ground links and exploiting singe-photon encoding for implementing quantum key distribution have shown recently that this goal is achievable, it is still necessary to further investigate practical solutions compatible with classical optical communication systems. Here, we examine the feasibility of establishing secret keys in a satellite-to-ground downlink

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24

Wang, Xiangyu, Yichen Zhang, Song Yu, and Hong Guo. "High efficiency postprocessing for continuous-variable quantum key distribution: using all raw keys for parameter estimation and key extraction." Quantum Information Processing 18, no. 9 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11128-019-2381-8.

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25

Navascués, Miguel, and Antonio Acín. "SecurityBounds for Continuous Variables Quantum Key Distribution." Physical Review Letters 94, no. 2 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.94.020505.

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26

Qi, Bing. "Simultaneous classical communication and quantum key distribution using continuous variables." Physical Review A 94, no. 4 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.94.042340.

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27

Zhang, Lijian, Christine Silberhorn, and Ian A. Walmsley. "Secure Quantum Key Distribution using Continuous Variables of Single Photons." Physical Review Letters 100, no. 11 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.100.110504.

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28

Lasota, Mikołaj, Radim Filip, and Vladyslav C. Usenko. "Robustness of quantum key distribution with discrete and continuous variables to channel noise." Physical Review A 95, no. 6 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.95.062312.

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29

Gyongyosi, Laszlo, and Sandor Imre. "Secret Key Rate Adaption for Multicarrier Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution." SN Computer Science 1, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42979-019-0027-7.

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Abstract A multicarrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol uses Gaussian subcarrier quantum continuous variables (CVs) for the transmission. Here, we define an iterative error-minimizing secret key adaption method for multicarrier CVQKD. The proposed method allows for the parties to reach a given target secret key rate with minimized error rate through the Gaussian sub-channels by a sub-channel adaption procedure. The adaption algorithm iteratively determines the optimal transmit conditions to achieve the target secret key rate and the minimal error rate over the sub

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30

Wen, Cuihong, Jieci Wang, and Jiliang Jing. "Quantum steering for continuous variable in de Sitter space." European Physical Journal C 80, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7651-1.

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Abstract We study the distribution of quantum steerability for continuous variables between two causally disconnected open charts in de Sitter space. It is shown that quantum steerability suffers from “sudden death” in de Sitter space, which is quite different from the behaviors of entanglement and discord because the latter always survives and the former vanishes only in the limit of infinite curvature. It is found that the attainment of maximal steerability asymmetry indicates a transition between unidirectional steerable and bidirectional steerable. Unlike in the flat space, the asymmetry o

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