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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Quantum optimal control'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 November 2024

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1

Edwards, Simon C. "Optimal feedback control of quantum states." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435452.

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2

Haddadfarshi, Farhang. "Optimal control of dissipative quantum dynamics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/49425.

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In this thesis, we develop a perturbative approximation for the solution of Lindblad master equations with time-dependent generators that satisfies the fundamental property of complete positivity, as essential for quantum simulations and optimal control of open quantum systems. By probing our method to several explicit examples we show that ensuring this property not only improves the accuracy of the perturbative approximation substantially, but also it permits to read off the effective dissipative processes . Subsequently, we design optimal entangling quantum gates for trapped ions mediated by a bus mode which is subject to decoherence. We show that suitably designed polychromatic control pulses, help to suppress the qubit-phonon entanglement substantially while maintaining the mediated interaction. This leads to a considerable reduction in the gate infidelity, in particular, for multi-qubit gates this yields a significant improvement in the gate performance.
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3

Peng, Yuchen. "Quantum gate and quantum state preparation through neighboring optimal control." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10159056.

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Successful implementation of fault-tolerant quantum computation on a system of qubits places severe demands on the hardware used to control the many-qubit state. It is known that an accuracy threshold Pa exists for any quantum gate that is to be used for such a computation to be able to continue for an unlimited number of steps. Specifically, the error probability Pe for such a gate must fall below the accuracy threshold: Pe < Pa. Estimates of Pa vary widely, though Pa ∼ 10−4 has emerged as a challenging target for hardware designers. I present a theoretical framework based on neighboring optimal control that takes as input a good quantum gate and returns a new gate with better performance. I illustrate this approach by applying it to a universal set of quantum gates produced using non-adiabatic rapid passage. Performance improvements are substantial comparing to the original (unimproved) gates, both for ideal and non-ideal controls. Under suitable conditions detailed below, all gate error probabilities fall by 1 to 4 orders of magnitude below the target threshold of 10−4.

After applying the neighboring optimal control theory to improve the performance of quantum gates in a universal set, I further apply the general control theory in a two-step procedure for fault-tolerant logical state preparation, and I illustrate this procedure by preparing a logical Bell state fault-tolerantly. The two-step preparation procedure is as follow: Step 1 provides a one-shot procedure using neighboring optimal control theory to prepare a physical qubit state which is a high-fidelity approximation to the Bell state |β 01⟩ = 1/√2(|01⟩ + |10⟩). I show that for ideal (non-ideal) control, an approximate |β01⟩ state could be prepared with error probability &epsis; ∼ 10−6 (10−5) with one-shot local operations. Step 2 then takes a block of p pairs of physical qubits, each prepared in |β 01⟩ state using Step 1, and fault-tolerantly prepares the logical Bell state for the C4 quantum error detection code.

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4

Bartels, Björn [Verfasser], and Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Mintert. "Smooth optimal control of coherent quantum dynamics." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119327296/34.

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5

Farzamfar, Marzieh. "Optimal control for molecular quantum wave-packet revivals." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-185278.

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We want to design an optimal femtosecond laser pulse which can give us certain revival patterns for two specific quantum molecular systems. We formulate an optimization process by applying optimal control theory when the propagation follows the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We demonstrate that the designed optimal laser pulse can give us the prescribed revival pattern with some probability.
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6

Safaei, Shabnam. "Quantum Optimal Control of Josephson Junction-Based Circuits." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85839.

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7

Peter, Natalie [Verfasser]. "Optimal quantum control of atomic wave packets in optical lattices / Natalie Peter." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188731165/34.

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8

Basilewitsch, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Optimal control of quantum information tasks in open quantum systems / Daniel Basilewitsch." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232368407/34.

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9

Rau, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Optimal Control of interacting Quantum Particle Systems / Sebastian Rau." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042308470/34.

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10

Santos, Ludovic. "Using quantum optimal control to drive intramolecular vibrational redistribution and to perform quantum computing." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261328.

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Quantum optimal control theory is applied to find optimal pulses for controlling the motion of an ion and a molecule for two different applications. Those optimal pulses enable the control of the dynamics of the system by driving the atom or the molecule from an initial state to desired states.The evolution equations obtained by means of the quantum optimal control theory are resolved iteratively using a monotonic convergent algorithm. A number of simulation parameters are varied in order to get the optimal pulses including the duration of the pulses, the time step of the time grid, a penalty factor that limits the maximal intensity of the fields, and a guess pulse which is used to start the optimal control.The optimal pulses obtained for each application are analyzed by Fourier transform, and also by looking at the time evolution of the populations that they generate in the system.The first application is the preparation of specific vibrational states of acetylene that are usually not reachable from the ground state, and that would remain unpopulated by usual spectroscopy. Relevant state energies and transition dipole moments are extracted from the experimental literature and especially from the global acetylene Hamiltonian conferring an uncommon precision to the control simulation. The control starts from the ground state. The target states belongs to the polyad Ns=1, Nr=5 of acetylene which includes two vibrational dark states and one vibrational bright state. First, the simulation is performed with the Schrödinger equation and in a second step, with the Liouville--von Neumann equation, as mixed states are prepared. Indeed, the control starts from a Boltzmann distribution of population in the rotational levels of the vibrational ground state chosen in order to simulate an experimental condition. But the distribution is truncated to limit the computational effort. One of the dark states appears to be a potential target for a realistic experimental investigation because the average population of the Rabi oscillation remains high and decoherence is expected to be weak. The optimal pulses obtained have a high fidelity, have a spectrum with well-resolved peak frequencies, and their experimental feasibility seems achievable within the current abilities of experimental laboratories.The second application is to propose an experimental realization of a microscopic physical device able to simulate quantum dynamics. The idea is to use the motional states of a Cd^+ ion trapped in an anharmonic potential to realize a quantum dynamics simulator of a single-particle Schrödinger equation. In this way, the motional states store the information and the optimal pulse manipulates this information to realize operations. In the present case, the simulated dynamics was the propagation of a wave packet in a harmonic potential. Starting from an initial quantum state, the pulse acts on the system to modify the motional states of the ion in such a way that the final superposition of motional states corresponds to the results of the dynamics. This simulation is performed with the Liouville--von Neumann equation and also with the Lindblad equation as dissipation is included to test the robustness of the pulse against perturbations of the potential. The optimal pulses that are obtained have a high fidelity which shows that the ion trap system has correctly realized the quantum dynamics simulation. The optimal pulses are valid for any initial condition if the potential of the simulation or the mass of the propagated wave packet is unchanged.
La théorie du contrôle optimal quantique est utilisée pour trouver des impulsions optimales permettant de contrôler la dynamique d'un atome et d'une molécule les menant d'un état initial à un état final. Les équations d'évolution obtenues grâce au contrôle optimal limitent l'intensité maximale de l'impulsion et sont résolues itérativement grâce à l'algorithme de Zhu--Rabitz. Le contrôle optimal est utilisé pour réaliser deux objectifs. Le premier est la préparation d'états vibrationnels de l'acétylène qui sont généralement inaccessibles par transition au départ de l'état vibrationnel fondamental. Ces états, appelés états sombres, sont les états cibles de la simulation. Ils appartiennent à la polyade Ns=1, Nr=5 de l'acétylène qui en contient deux ainsi qu'un état, dit brillant, qui lui est accessible depuis l'état fondamental. Les énergies des états du système et les moments de transitions dipolaires sont déterminés à partir d'un Hamiltonien très précis qui confère une précision inhabituelle à la simulation. Un des états sombres apparaît être un candidat potentiel pour une réalisation expérimentale car la population moyenne de cet état reste élevée après l'application de l'impulsion.Les niveaux rotationnels des états vibrationnels sont également pris en compte.Les impulsions optimales obtenues ont une fidélité élevée et leur spectre en fréquence présente des pics résolus.Le deuxième objectif est de proposer la réalisation expérimentale d'un dispositif microscopique capable de simuler une dynamique quantique. Ce travail montre qu'on peut utiliser les états de mouvement d'un ion de Cd^+ piégé dans un potentiel anharmonique pour réaliser la propagation d'un paquet d'onde dans un potentiel harmonique. Ce dispositif stocke l'information de la dynamique simulée grâce aux états de mouvements et l'impulsion optimale manipule l'information pour réaliser les propagations. En effet, démarrant d'un état quantique initial, l'impulsion agit sur le système en modifiant les états de mouvements de l'ion de telle sorte que la superposition finale des états de mouvements corresponde aux résultats de la dynamique. De la dissipation est incluse pour tester la robustesse de l'impulsion face à des perturbations du potentiel anharmonique. Les impulsions optimales obtenues ont une fidélité élevée ce qui montre que le système a correctement réalisé la simulation de dynamique quantique.
Doctorat en Sciences
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11

Ansel, Quentin. "Optimal control of inhomogeneous spin ensembles : applications in NMR and quantum optics." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK050/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’appliquer la théorie du contrôle optimal à la dynamique d’ensembles inhomogènes de spins. La première partie est dévouée au contrôle d’un ensemble de spins couplé à une cavité. La théorie est introduite en détail, et une méthode générale pour contrôler efficacement les spins est présentée. Plusieurs pulses sont déterminés dans les régimes de bonne et de mauvaise cavité. De même, les fonctions non linéaires généralisées sont utilisées afin de déterminer des approximations simples. Dans un second temps, le problème de la maximisation du Signal-sur-Bruit d’un écho de spin est abordé, et des conditions d’optimisations sont établies. Il est montré que les nouveaux pulses sont supérieurs à ceux de l’état de l’art, en termes de fidélité et d’augmentation du Signal-sur-Bruit. Par ailleurs, ils permettent d’explorer de nouvelles situations (e.g. mesure de FID (Free Induction Decay) en CQED avec un taux de perte de cavité plus long que T2∗). La seconde partie est dévouée à des problèmes de RMN/IRM standard. Deux situations de "sélectivité" sont étudiées. La première consiste à déterminer le pulse le plus court qui produit la transformation la plus sélective par rapport aux offsets. Dans le cas ultra-sélectif, la solution optimale est un arc singulier d’amplitude constante. Cependant, si des contraintes de robustesse sont ajoutées, la solution optimale peut-être un arc régulier. La seconde est celle de l’optimisation de base de données pour des expériences de MR-fingerprinting. Dans ce cas, un champ de contrôle est conçu pour générer une base de données "d’empreinte digitale" qui maximise le processus de reconnaissance entre spins de paramètres différents
The goal of this thesis is to apply optimal control theory to the dynamics ofinhomogeneous spin ensembles. The first part focuses on the control of a spin ensemble coupled to a cavity. The theory is introduced in detail, and a general method to efficiently control spins ispresented. Several pulses are derived in the bad/good cavity regimes using numerical optimal control techniques. Additionally, non-linear generalized functions are used in order to derivesimple approximated solutions. In a second step, the problem of spin echo Signal to Noise Ratio maximization is investigated, and maximization conditions are derived. It is shown that new pulses are superior to state-of-the-art square pulses in terms of fidelity and SNR maximization. Moreover, they allow us to explore new situations (e.g. Free Induction Decay measurementsin cavity-QED with a cavity damping longer than T2∗). The second part focuses on standard NMR/MRI problems. Two distinct situations of selectivity are investigated. The first one consists of determining the time minimum pulse which produces the most offset-selective transformation. In the ultra-selectivity case, the optimal solution is a singular arc of constant amplitude. However,if additional robustness constraints are taken into account, the optimal solution can be a regular arc. The second situation is the optimization of databases for MR-fingerprinting experiments. In this case, a control field is designed so that it generates a fingerprint database which maximizesthe recognition process between several spins with different parameters
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12

Vranckx, Stéphane. "Dynamical study of diatomics : applications to astrochemistry, quantum control and quantum computing." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209261.

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In this work, we theoretically study the properties of diatomic molecular systems, their dynamics, and the control thereof through the use of laser fields. We more specifically study three compounds:

1) HeH+, a species of great astrochemical importance which is thought to be the first molecular species to have formed in the universe;

2) CO2+, a metastable dication of particular interest in quantum control experiments due to its long-lived lowest vibrational level;

3) 41K87Rb, a polar molecule that can be formed at very low temperature and trapped, making it a good candidate for quantum computing schemes.

First, we use ab initio methods to compute accurate potential energy curves for the lowest singlet and triplet states of HeH+ as well as the potential energy curves, transition dipole moments and nonadiabatic radial couplings of the ground 3Π state of CO2+ and of its 11 lowest 3Σ- states.

In a second step, we use this ab initio data to compute the photodissociation and radiative association cross sections for the a and b 3Σ+ states of HeH+, as well as the values of the corresponding rate constants for astrophysical environments. The photodissociation cross sections from the lowest vibrational level of CO2+ is also determined.

Going one step further, we optimize laser control fields that drive the photodissociation dynamics of HeH+ and CO2+ towards specific channels. We compare two field optimization methods: a Møller operator-based Local Control approach and Optimal Control Theory. In both cases, we add a constraint that minimizes the area of the optimized fields.

Finally, we focus on one of the potential applications of high-fidelity laser control: the use of small molecular systems as quantum computers. We more specifically study the potential implementation of both intra- and intermolecular logic gates on data encoded in hyperfine states of trapped ultracold polar 41K87Rb molecules, opening interesting perspectives in terms of extensibility.

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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions théoriquement les propriétés de molécules diatomiques, leur dynamique de réaction ainsi que le contrôle de cette dynamique à l'aide de champs laser. Notre travail porte plus spécifiquement sur trois espèces :

1) HeH+, un composé-clé en astrochimie considéré comme la première espèce moléculaire qui s'est formée dans l'univers ;

2) CO2+, un dication métastable qui se prête bien à des expériences de contrôle quantique en raison du relativement long temps de vie de son état vibrationnel le plus bas ;

3) 41K87Rb, une molécule polaire qui présente la particularité de pouvoir être formée à très basse température et piégée, ce qui en fait un bon support physique potentiel pour la réalisation d'un ordinateur quantique moléculaire.

Nous utilisons tout d'abord des méthodes de calcul ab initio afin d'obtenir les courbes d'énergie potentielle des premiers états singulets et triplets de HeH+ avec un haut de degré de précision, ainsi que les courbes d'énergie potentielle, les moments dipolaires de transition et les couplages non-adiabatiques radiaux de l'état fondamental 3Π de CO2+ et de ses 11 premiers états 3Σ-.

Ensuite, nous utilisons ces données ab initio pour calculer les sections efficaces de photodissociation et d'association radiative des états a et b 3Σ+ de HeH+, ainsi que les constantes cinétiques associées à ces processus dans les conditions rencontrées dans des environnements astrophysiques. Les sections efficaces de photodissociation du niveau vibrationnel le plus bas de CO2+ sont également calculées.

Nous allons ensuite un cran plus loin en optimisant des champs laser qui guident la dynamique de photodissociation de HeH+ et CO2+ vers des canaux de dissociation spécifiques. Nous comparons deux méthodes d'optimisation de ces champs: une approche de contrôle local basée sur les opérateurs de Møller et la théorie du contrôle optimal. Dans le deux cas, nous incluons une contrainte qui minimise l'aire des champs.

Enfin, nous nous concentrons sur l'une des applications possibles du contrôle laser à haute fidélité :l'utilisation de petits systèmes moléculaires comme ordinateurs quantiques. Nous étudions plus spécifiquement l'implémentation possible d'opérations logiques intra- et intermoléculaires sur des données encodées dans des états hyperfins de molécules de 41K87Rb piégées, ce qui ouvre des perspectives intéressantes en terme d'extensibilité.
Doctorat en Sciences
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13

Jandura, Sven. "Optimized quantum gates for neutral atom quantum computers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF027.

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Les atomes neutres sont récemment apparus comme une plate-forme compétitive pour l'informatique quantique. Le développement de portes quantiques intriquées de haute délité est la clé du succès de cette plateforme. Dans cette thèse, nous développons plusieurs protocoles nouveaux et optimisés pour l'implémentation de portes quantiques à deux et plusieurs qubits sur des atomes neutres. Nous introduisons la famille des protocoles temps-optimaux, qui implémentent une porte quantique donnée aussi rapidement que possible en appliquant une impulsion laser unique avec une phase dépendant du temps. Nous explorons également les protocoles de portes qui sont particulièrement robustes face à certaines sources d'erreurs expérimentales, et les portes qui sont optimisées pour leur utilisation dans un code de correction d'erreur quantique. En n, nous proposons deux nouveaux protocoles pour implémenter des portes multi-qubits non-locales sur des atomes neutres couplés à un mode de cavité commun qui peut être implémenté simplement par un pilotage classique de la cavité. Les résultats de cette thèse permettent d'obtenir des portes quantiques plus simples, de meilleure qualité et plus robustes sur des atomes neutres, et constituent une étape vers la réalisation de la vision d'un ordinateur quantique
Neutral atoms have recently emerged as a competitive platform for quantum computing. The development of high delity entangling quantum gates is a key to success of this platform. In this thesis, we develop several new and optimized protocols for the implementation of two- and multi-qubit quantum gates on neutral atoms. We introduce the family of time-optimal protocols, which implement a given quantum gate as fast as possible by applying a single laser pulse with a time-dependent phase. We also explore gate protocols which are particularly robust against certain experimental error sources, and gates which are optimized for their use in a quantum error correction code. Finally, we propose two new protocols to implement non-local multi-qubit gates on neutral atoms coupled to a common cavity mode which can be implemented simply by a classical drive of the cavity. The results of this thesis allow for simpler, higher quality, and more robust quantum gates on neutral atoms, and constitute a step towards realizing the vision of a quantum computer
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14

Leclerc, Lucas. "Quantum computing with Rydberg atoms : control and modelling for quantum simulation and practical algorithms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP046.

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Améliorer sa compréhension d'un système en le modélisant permet d'espérer le contrôler de manière plus optimale et ouvre la voie à une myriade d'applications potentielles, exploitant les effets jusqu'alors énigmatiques de ce système désormais familier. Cette thèse applique ce paradigme au calcul quantique analogique avec des atomes de Rydberg, montrant comment à l'aide d'une modélisation minutieuse du bruit, de protocoles de contrôle optimaux et de techniques d'apprentissage automatique, on peut espérer améliorer des expériences de simulation de magnétisme quantique ou la résolution de problèmes d'optimisation et de classification de graphes. Après avoir décrit la plateforme expérimentale permettant de contrôler les atomes de Rydberg, nous introduisons des outils classiques tels que les jumeaux numériques de systèmes enclins à des erreurs, la modélisation d'un grand nombres d'atomes par réseaux de tenseurs, le contrôle optimal robuste et l'optimisation bayésienne pour les algorithmes variationnels. Nous appliquons ces outils à plusieurs applications prometteuses. Nous améliorons la préparation d'états antiferromagnétiques dans le modèle d'Ising et réalisons une évaluation détaillée de l'influence d'erreurs sur l'étude de phases magnétiques du modèle dipolaire XY et lors de la tomographie d'états quantiques. En utilisant des techniques d'optimisation et des méthodes d'apprentissage automatique, nous abordons également des cas d'usage industriels tels que la résolution du problème de stable maximum sur des graphes représentant des tâches de planification de charge de batteries de voitures électriques, la classification de composés moléculaires toxiques ou inoffensifs, et des tâches de prédiction dans la gestion des risques financiers
Refining our understanding of an unknown system through modelling lays the groundwork for optimally controlling it and opens the door to a myriad of potential applications, exploiting the once enigmatic and unpredictable effects of this now-known system. This thesis applies this paradigm to analog quantum computing with Rydberg atoms, showcasing how careful noise modelling, optimal control and machine learning frameworks can support and enhance the simulation of quantum magnetism and the solving of graph-based optimisation and classification problems. After describing the experimental platform enabling the control of Rydberg atoms, we introduce classical tools such as digital twins of noisy systems, tensor network modelling, robust optimal control, and Bayesian optimisation for variational algorithms. We apply the latter to several applications. We improve the preparation of antiferromagnetic state in the Ising model and benchmark the noisy behaviour of a dipolar XY quantum simulator when probing continuous symmetry breaking and performing quantum state tomography. Using optimisation techniques and machine learning methods, we also tackle industrial use cases such as maximum independent set on graphs representing smart charging tasks, binary classification of toxic or harmless molecular compounds, and prediction of fallen angel companies in financial risk management
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Lisboa, Alexandre Coutinho. "Controle quântico ótimo: fundamentos, aplicações e extensões da teoria." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3139/tde-04012016-164137/.

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Inicialmente, os conceitos fundamentais e a problemática básica subjacentes ao Controle de Sistemas Quânticos são apresentados, destacando-se, por exemplo, as questões físicas e dinâmicas envolvidas, os principais tipos e metodologias de controle no contexto quântico, bem como aplicações existentes e potenciais de Controle Quântico, muitas das quais situando-se na vanguarda da Ciência e da Tecnologia. Segue-se uma exposição do arcabouço teórico básico e do formalismo padrão da Mecânica Quântica, tendo em vista prover os elementos necessários à compreensão de sistemas quânticos, sua dinâmica e seu controle. O conceito de Controlabilidade é, então, apresentado no contexto de Sistemas Quânticos. Em seqüência, os fundamentos do Controle Quântico Ótimo são desenvolvidos como uma extensão da Teoria Clássica de Controle Ótimo, apresentando-se exemplos de aplicações. Ao problema da transferência de estados quânticos para um estado-alvo em tempo mínimo é devotada especial atenção, dada sua grande relevância em aplicações tecnológicas de ponta, como em Computação Quântica e Processamento de Informação Quântica. A partir de limitações físicas que são inerentes a qualquer sistema quântico, no tocante ao tempo mínimo necessário para que ocorra uma transição de estados, propõem-se Fatores de Mérito para quantificar a eficiência dos controles quânticos ótimos que minimizam o tempo de transferência de estados. Exemplos de aplicação, estudos teóricos e estudos de casos são levados a cabo para a definição dos Fatores de Mérito associados. Este trabalho termina com estudos relativos a uma possível formulação da Teoria de Controle Quântico Ótimo em termos de Integrais de Trajetória para o tratamento de sistemas quânticos contínuos, em especial, o controle espaço-temporal de partículas quânticas. Um possível emprego do Efeito Aharonov-Bohm é também discutido como estratégia de Controle Quântico.
Firstly, the fundamental concepts and the basic issues concerning the Control of Quantum Systems are presented, highlighting, for example, related physical and dynamical questions, the main control types and methodologies in the quantum context, as well as current and potential applications of Quantum Control, many of them situated on the avant-garde of Science and Technology. Then follows an exposition of the basic theoretical framework and the standard formalism of Quantum Mechanics, whose aim is to provide the necessary elements for understanding quantum systems, quantum dynamics and control. The concept of Controlability is then presented in the context of Quantum Systems. Subsequently, the fundamental concepts of Quantum Optimal Control are developed as an extension of the Classical Optimal Control Theory, featuring some examples of application. To the problem of transfering quantum states to a certain target state at minimal time a special attention is devoted, having in mind its great relevance in state-of-art technological applications, e.g., Quantum Computation and Quantum Information Processing. From physical limitations that are inherent to any quantum systems, regarding the minimal time necessary to perform a state transition, one proposes Figures of Merit in order to quantify the efficiency of optimal quantum controls which minimize the state transfer time. Examples of applications, theoretical studies and case studies are carried out in order to define the associated Figures of Merit. This work ends with studies concerning a possible formulation of Optimal Quantum Control Theory in terms of Path Integrals for handling continuous quantum systems, particularly, the space-time control of quantum particles. A possible use of the Aharonov-Bohm Effect is also discussed as a Quantum Control strategy.
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16

Ambrosek, David Hunter. "Quantum optimal control of bond selective separation of ligands from organometallic molecules." Berlin dissertation.de, 2007. http://www.dissertation.de/buch.php3?buch=5262.

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17

Borneman, Troy W., David G. Cory, and Martin D. Hürlimann. "Signal optimization in inhomogeneous fields: application of quantum optimal control theory troy." Diffusion fundamentals 10 (2009) 12, S. 1-3, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14103.

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We demonstrate that pulses derived using Optimal Control Theory (OCT) techniques can be used to significantly enhance the robustness of the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence (CPMG) [1,2] to inhomogeneities in the static BB0 field. By numerically inverting the Liouville - von Neumann equation, OCT pulses were derived that can be used directly in place of hard pulses in the CPMG sequence to greatly improve the bandwidth of refocusing. To retain the echo stability achieved by the Meiboom-Gill correction to the Carr-Purcell sequence, the refocusing pulses were designed to perform a unitary π-rotation as opposed to just a state inversion transfer. To illustrate this approach we present an example of optimized pulses that show an improved CPMG-like behavior with complete excitation and multiple refocusing over a bandwidth of +/- 2.6 γB1,max B with a pulse duration limited to 10 t180.
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Egger, Daniel J. [Verfasser], and Frank K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilhelm-Mauch. "Optimal control and quantum simulations in superconducting quantum devices / Daniel J. Egger. Betreuer: Frank K. Wilhelm-Mauch." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060715961/34.

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Liebermann, Per Jochen [Verfasser], and Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilhelm-Mauch. "Optimal Control of Scalable Quantum Devices / Per Jochen Liebermann ; Betreuer: Frank Wilhelm-Mauch." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1152095412/34.

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Saelen, Lene. "Quantum control of strongly coupled dynamics in few component systems." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066768.

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Ce travail concerne l’étude théorique et la modélisation de la dynamique du nuage électronique de systèmes quantiques simples ou modèles soumis à une perturbation extérieure dépendante du temps, dans des échelles de temps allant de la picoseconde à l’attoseconde. Les systèmes étudiés vont de molécules diatomiques ionisées par impact d’ions multichargés rapides à des systèmes mésoscopiques, de type boîte quantique moléculaire ou anneau quantique, en présence d’un champ électromagnétique dépendant du temps. La ligne directrice de ce travail a consisté à résoudre dans ces différents contextes l’équation de Schrödinger dépendante du temps par des méthodes non perturbatives totalement numériques. La thèse comporte neuf chapitres, les cinq premiers présentant les caractéristiques principales des systèmes considérés et les méthodes numériques utilisées et codées informatiquement pour réaliser les « expériences numériques » de modélisation. Le sixième concerne la description des algorithmes développés pour le contrôle de transitions "état-à-état" par l’optimisation (en fréquence, durée et intensité) de pulses électromagnétiques complexes auxquels sont soumis les systèmes quantiques mésoscopiques considérés. Sont présentés ensuite les résultats obtenus concernant (i) la stabilisation de molécules diatomiques sans électron par des champs électromagnétiques ultra-intenses, (ii) le contrôle d’une transition électronique vers un état de charge localisée dans un système de boîtes quantiques à deux électrons fortement corrélés par des pulses optimisés ainsi que (iii) l’étude de la décohérence en spin de ce derniers systèmes. Dans le cas des anneaux quantiques, un travail de synthèse de nos précédents travaux est également présenté pour démontrer la possibilité de construire un ensemble complet d’opérations sur des qubits (codés par le spin total et le moment angulaire total) dans la perspective de la réalisation d’ordinateurs quantiques. Finalement, la thèse s’achève par la présentation de nos calculs de sections efficaces différentielles d’ionisation de la molécule de dihydrogène par impact d’ions multichargés, notre travail ayant particulièrement porté sur l’analyse détaillée des effets d’interférences observées récemment expérimentalement
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Ambrosek, David Hunter [Verfasser]. "Quantum Optimal Control of Bond Selective Separation of Ligands from Organometallic Molecules / David Hunter Ambrosek." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1022542680/34.

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22

Sheldon, Sarah (Sarah Elizabeth). "Optimal control in an open quantum system : selecting DNP pathways in an electron-nuclear system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82867.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-107).
There is much interest in improving quantum control techniques for the purposes of quantum information processing. High fidelity control is necessary for the future of quantum computing. Optimal control theory has been used successfully to numerically optimize control sequences for spin-based systems. Previous control pulse finding efforts have primarily optimized pulses to a desired unitary control. Non-unitary dynamics are unavoidable in quantum systems, and, to improve current control techniques, interactions with the environment and stochastic noise processes must be incorporated into pulse design. We present here a method of pulse optimization that includes decoherence. This thesis discusses a particular example of engineering control for an open quantum system: selecting transfer pathways in dynamic nuclear polarization. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a method of increasing the nuclear spin magnetization in a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment. DNP works by transferring polarization from a coupled electron spin. In solid state systems, however, there are multiple pathways through which polarization can be transferred. Excitation of more than one pathway can prevent the nuclear spin from achieving the maximum possible polarization. It is demonstrated in this thesis that optimal control theory (OCT) can be used to design pulses which will select one pathway and suppress the others. The pulses were found considering the open quantum system dynamics. This work includes an algorithm for generating noise realizations from a spectral density function. Future efforts to engineer high-fidelity control could use this method to incorporate stochastic noise in the pulse finding process.
by Sarah Sheldon.
Ph.D.
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Van, Damme Léo. "Contrôle optimal de la dynamique des spins : applications en résonance magnétique nucléaire et information quantique." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS045/document.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’appliquer des méthodes de contrôle optimal en réso- nance magnétique nucléaire et en information quantique. Dans un premier temps, on introduit les domaines étudiés et la dynamique des modèles traités. On donne les outils nécessaires pour appliquer le principe du maximum de Pontryagin ainsi qu’un algorithme d’optimisation appelé GRAPE.Le premier travail consiste à appliquer le PMP pour contrôler une chaîne de trois spins inégalement couplés. On étudie ensuite un problème de physique classique appelé "l’effet de la raquette de tennis", qui est un phénomène non-linéaire du modèle de la toupie d’Euler. On se sert de cette étude pour déterminer des lois de commande d’un système quantique à deux niveaux dans le chapitre suivant. Le dernier chapitre présente une méthode numérique qui permet d’améliorer la robustesse d’une porte NOT et de tester la pertinence de différentes approches analytiques déjà développées dans la littérature
The goal of this thesis is to apply the optimal control theory to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Quantum Information. In a first step, we introduce the different topics and the dynamics of the analyzed systems. We give the necessary tools to use the Pontryagin Maximum Principle, and also an optimization algorithm, namely GRAPE.The first work is an application of the PMP to the control of a three-spin chain with unequal couplings. We continue with the study of a classical problem called "the tennis racket effect", which is a non-linear phenomenon occuring during the free rotation of a three-dimensional rigid body. We use the results in the following chapter to determine some control laws for a two- level quantum system. The last chapter presents a numerical method which aims at improving the robustness of a quantum NOT gate and at investigating the efficiency of different analytical approaches proposed in the literature
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Liu, Kaipeng. "Contrôle quantique optimal et robuste dans des systèmes de petite dimension." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK045.

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La théorie du contrôle optimal (OCT) est une méthode pour obtenir les solutions optimales de systèmes quantiques contrôlés par des champs externes, fournissant un ensemble puissant d'outils et de concepts. L'un des objectifs de la thèse est d'adapter la technique OCT dans des systèmes quantiques à deux et trois états en tenant compte des pertes et de la robustesse, ce qui est primordial pour la mise en œuvre de techniques de contrôle dans une large classe de plateformes.Sur la base de techniques d'ingénierie inverse et du principe du maximum de Pontryagin (PMP), nous établissons et testons les différentes stratégies optimales montrant comment contrôler le transfert dans des systèmes quantiques à trois niveaux en considérant des solutions optimales en énergie et en temps minimum en tenant compte des pertes. Ces résultats montrent en particulier que le passage adiabatique habituel dans de tels systèmes, connu sous le nom de passage adiabatique Raman stimulé (STIRAP), qui conduit à un transfert imparfait, peut être rendu exact, réalisant ainsi le passage exact de Raman stimulé (STIREP) tout en réduisant l'énergie et la durée des contrôles.Un des objectifs consiste à développer une nouvelle technique qui permet de combiner robustesse et optimisation. Plutôt que d'utiliser une procédure d'optimisation directe comme la technique OCT, nous développons une technique d'optimisation géométrique qui permet de dériver des solutions optimales et robustes à partir d'une optimisation inverse. La méthode appelée optimisation inverse robuste (RIO) permet d'obtenir des trajectoires numériques qui peuvent être rendues aussi précises que nécessaire. La méthode est polyvalente et peut être appliquée à divers types d'erreurs et de problèmes de contrôle quantique
Optimal control theory (OCT) is the basic and comprehensive method to obtain the optimal solutions of quantum systems controlled by external fields. It provides a powerful set of tools and concepts. One of the goals of the thesis is to design the technique of OCT in two- and three-state quantum systems taking into account losses and robustness, which is of primary importance for the implementation of control techniques in a broad class of platforms.Based on inverse-engineering techniques and the Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP), we establish and test the different optimal strategies showing how to control the transfer in three-level quantum systems considering energy- and time-minimum optimal solutions taking into account losses. These results, in particular, show that the usual adiabatic passage in such systems, known as stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), which leads to imperfect transfer, can be made exact thus achieving stimulated Raman exact passage (STIREP) while reducing the energy and the duration costs respectively of the controls.We next combine robustness with optimization. Instead of using a direct optimization procedure from OCT, we develop a technique of geometric optimization that allows the derivation of optimal and robust solutions from an inverse optimization. The method named robust inverse optimization (RIO) allows one to obtain numerical trajectories that can be made as accurate as required. The method is versatile and can be applied to various types of errors and of quantum control problems
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Reich, Daniel Maximillian [Verfasser]. "Efficient Characterisation and Optimal Control of Open Quantum Systems - Mathematical Foundations and Physical Applications / Daniel Maximillian Reich." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073888851/34.

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Kormann, Katharina. "Efficient and Reliable Simulation of Quantum Molecular Dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för beräkningsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-180251.

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The time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) models the quantum nature of molecular processes.  Numerical simulations based on the TDSE help in understanding and predicting the outcome of chemical reactions. This thesis is dedicated to the derivation and analysis of efficient and reliable simulation tools for the TDSE, with a particular focus on models for the interaction of molecules with time-dependent electromagnetic fields. Various time propagators are compared for this setting and an efficient fourth-order commutator-free Magnus-Lanczos propagator is derived. For the Lanczos method, several communication-reducing variants are studied for an implementation on clusters of multi-core processors. Global error estimation for the Magnus propagator is devised using a posteriori error estimation theory. In doing so, the self-adjointness of the linear Schrödinger equation is exploited to avoid solving an adjoint equation. Efficiency and effectiveness of the estimate are demonstrated for both bounded and unbounded states. The temporal approximation is combined with adaptive spectral elements in space. Lagrange elements based on Gauss-Lobatto nodes are employed to avoid nondiagonal mass matrices and ill-conditioning at high order. A matrix-free implementation for the evaluation of the spectral element operators is presented. The framework uses hybrid parallelism and enables significant computational speed-up as well as the solution of larger problems compared to traditional implementations relying on sparse matrices. As an alternative to grid-based methods, radial basis functions in a Galerkin setting are proposed and analyzed. It is found that considerably higher accuracy can be obtained with the same number of basis functions compared to the Fourier method. Another direction of research presented in this thesis is a new algorithm for quantum optimal control: The field is optimized in the frequency domain where the dimensionality of the optimization problem can drastically be reduced. In this way, it becomes feasible to use a quasi-Newton method to solve the problem.
eSSENCE
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Goetz, Ruben Esteban [Verfasser]. "Quantum optimal control theory of photoelectron spectroscopy : Signature of Chirality and theoretical description of multiphoton ionization / Ruben Esteban Goetz." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190048027/34.

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Marahrens, Daniel. "On some nonlinear partial differential equations for classical and quantum many body systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244203.

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This thesis deals with problems arising in the study of nonlinear partial differential equations arising from many-body problems. It is divided into two parts: The first part concerns the derivation of a nonlinear diffusion equation from a microscopic stochastic process. We give a new method to show that in the hydrodynamic limit, the particle densities of a one-dimensional zero range process on a periodic lattice converge to the solution of a nonlinear diffusion equation. This method allows for the first time an explicit uniform-in-time bound on the rate of convergence in the hydrodynamic limit. We also discuss how to extend this method to the multi-dimensional case. Furthermore we present an argument, which seems to be new in the context of hydrodynamic limits, how to deduce the convergence of the microscopic entropy and Fisher information towards the corresponding macroscopic quantities from the validity of the hydrodynamic limit and the initial convergence of the entropy. The second part deals with problems arising in the analysis of nonlinear Schrödinger equations of Gross-Pitaevskii type. First, we consider the Cauchy problem for (energy-subcritical) nonlinear Schrödinger equations with sub-quadratic external potentials and an additional angular momentum rotation term. This equation is a well-known model for superfluid quantum gases in rotating traps. We prove global existence (in the energy space) for defocusing nonlinearities without any restriction on the rotation frequency, generalizing earlier results given in the literature. Moreover, we find that the rotation term has a considerable influence in proving finite time blow-up in the focusing case. Finally, a mathematical framework for optimal bilinear control of nonlinear Schrödinger equations arising in the description of Bose-Einstein condensates is presented. The obtained results generalize earlier efforts found in the literature in several aspects. In particular, the cost induced by the physical work load over the control process is taken into account rather then often used L^2- or H^1-norms for the cost of the control action. We prove well-posedness of the problem and existence of an optimal control. In addition, the first order optimality system is rigorously derived. Also a numerical solution method is proposed, which is based on a Newton type iteration, and used to solve several coherent quantum control problems.
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Ansel, Quentin [Verfasser], Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Glaser, Dominique [Gutachter] Sygny, and Steffen [Gutachter] Glaser. "Optimal Control of Inhomogeneous Spin Ensembles : Applications in NMR and Quantum Optics / Quentin Ansel ; Gutachter: Dominique Sygny, Steffen Glaser ; Betreuer: Steffen Glaser." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1181326311/34.

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Garon, Ariane [Verfasser], Steffen Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Glaser, Dominique [Akademischer Betreuer] Sugny, and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Westermann. "On a new visualization tool for quantum systems and on a time-optimal control problem for quantum gates / Ariane Garon. Gutachter: Dominique Sugny ; Rüdiger Westermann ; Steffen Johannes Glaser. Betreuer: Steffen Johannes Glaser." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050817583/34.

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31

Cots, Olivier. "Contrôle optimal géométrique : méthodes homotopiques et applications." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742927.

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Le contexte de ce travail est le contrôle optimal géométrique appliqué à la mécanique céleste et au contrôle quantique. On s'est tout d'abord intéressé au problème de transfert orbital de satellite autour de la Terre à consommation minimale, qui amena à la réalisation du code HamPath, permettant tout d'abord la résolution de problèmes de contrôle optimal dont la loi de commande est lisse. Il se base sur le Principe du Maximum de Pontryagin (PMP) et sur la notion de point conjugué. Ce programme combine méthodes de tir, méthodes homotopiques différentielles et calcul des conditions d'optimalité du deuxième ordre. Nous nous intéressons par la suite au contrôle quantique. On étudie tout d'abord le contrôle d'un système composé de deux types de particules de spin 1/2 ayant des temps de relaxation différents et dont la dynamique est gouvernée par les équations de Bloch. Ces deux sous-systèmes, correspondant aux deux types de particules, sont couplés par un même contrôle (un champ electromagnétique), le but étant alors d'amener la magnétisation des particules du premier type à zéro tout en maximisant celle du second (dans un système de coordonnées bien choisi). Ce modèle intervient en imagerie médicale par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire et consiste à maximiser le contraste entre deux régions d'une même image. L'utilisation des outils géométriques et numériques aura permis de donner une très bonne synthèse sous-optimale pour deux cas particuliers (mélange sang oxygéné/désoxygéné et liquide cérébrospinal/eau). La dernière contribution de cette thèse porte sur l'étude d'un système quantique à deux niveaux d'énergie dont la dynamique est régie par les équations de Lindblad. Le modèle est basé sur la minimisation d'énergie du transfert. On se restreint à un cas particulier pour lequel le Hamiltonien donné par le PMP est Liouville intégrable. On décrit alors les lieux conjugué et de coupure pour ce problème riemannien avec dérive.
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Jbili, Nadia. "Conception et analyse des schémas d'optimisation pour la résonance magnétique nucléaire Optimal periodic control of spin systems : Application to the maximization of the signal to noise ratio per unit time." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED025.

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Cette thèse porte sur des techniques de contrôle optimal pour des systèmes issus de la mécanique quantique et de la résonance magnétique nucléaire. Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire est divisé en quatre parties.Dans la première partie, nous nous sommes intéressés au contrôle optimal simultané de l’équation de Schrödinger dépendante du temps via un champ laser qui représente le contrôle et que nous supposons soumis à une famille de perturbations. Ceci nous conduit à considérer un problème d’optimisation multi-critère via l’introduction d’un ensemble de fonctionnelles de coût à minimiser (au sens de Pareto).Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions le cadre mathématique de l’équation de Bloch périodique. Les conditions d’optimalité nécessaires du premier ordre sont étudiées. Plus précisément, nous prouvons l’existence d’une solution périodique, ainsi que l’existence d’un optimum.Dans la troisième partie, nous présentons un nouvel algorithme d’optimisation pour les dynamiques périodiques. Cet algorithme est appliqué à la maximisation du signal sur bruit en résonance magnétique nucléaire. Le travail réalisé est ici avant tout numérique et algorithmique. Il s’agit à notre connaissance du premier algorithme de contrôle quantique permettant de considérer des dynamiques périodiques en temps. Nous avons montré l’efficacité de cette méthode pour le cas d’un système de spins homogènes et inhomogènes.La dernier partie permet de présenter l’algorithme de Shinnar-Le-Roux (SLR) qui est une méthode d’optimisation analytique. Des résultats numériques ont été réalisés en comparant cette méthode avec une méthode itérative de type GRAPE introduite dans les chapitres précédents. Le résultat de cette comparaison donne un avantage à l’algorithme SLR
This thesis deals with optimal control techniques for systems related to quantum mechanics and nuclear magnetic resonance. The work presented in this memory is divided into four parts.In the first part, we focus on to the simultaneous optimal control of the Schrödinger time-dependent equations via a laser field that represents a control term and that is assumed to be submitted to a family of perturbations. This lead us to consider a multi-criteria optimization problem through the introduction of a set of cost functional to be minimized (in the sense of Pareto).In the second part, we study the mathematical framework of the periodic Bloch equation. The necessary first-order optimality conditions are derived. More precisely, we prove the existence of a periodic solution, as well as the existence of an optimum.In the third part, we present a new optimization algorithm for periodic dynamics. This algorithm is applied to the maxi- mization of SNR in NMR. The work here is more of an numerical and algorithmic nature. To our knowledge, this is the first quantum control algorithm to consider periodic dynamics in time. We have shown the efficiency of this method in the case of a homogeneous and inhomogeneous spin system.The last part presents the Shinnar-Le-Roux algorithm (SLR), which is an analytical optimization method. Numerical results were obtained by comparing this method with an iterative grape-type method introduced in previous chapters. The result of this comparison gives an advantage to the SLR algorithm
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Leiner, David [Verfasser], Steffen J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Glaser, Bernd [Gutachter] Reif, and Steffen J. [Gutachter] Glaser. "Wigner representation, its reconstruction, and optimal control of spin systems with applications in NMR spectroscopy, quantum technology, and beyond / David Leiner ; Gutachter: Bernd Reif, Steffen J. Glaser ; Betreuer: Steffen J. Glaser." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175091871/34.

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Lapert, Marc. "Développement de nouvelles techniques de contrôle optimal en dynamique quantique : de la Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à la physique moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728830.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'appliquer la théorie du contrôle optimal à la dynamique de systèmes quantiques. Le premier point consiste à introduire dans le domaine du contrôle quantique des outils de contrôle optimal initialement développés en mathématique. Cette approche a ensuite été appliquée sur différent types de systèmes quantiques décrit par une grande ou une petite dimension. La première partie du manuscrit introduit les différents outils de contrôles utilisés avec une approche adaptée à un public de physiciens. Dans la seconde partie, ces techniques sont utilisées pour contrôler la dynamique des spins en RMN et IRM. La troisième partie s'intéresse au développement de nouveaux algorithmes itératifs de contrôle optimal appliqués au contrôle par champ laser de la dynamique rotationnelle des molécules linéaires en phases gazeuse ainsi qu'au développement d'une stratégie de contrôle simple permettant de délocaliser une molécule dans un plan. La quatrième partie traite le contrôle en temps minimum d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein à deux composantes. La dernière partie permet de comparer qualitativement et quantitativement les différentes méthodes de contrôle optimal utilisées. Les seconde et troisième parties ont également bénéficier de l'implémentation expérimentale des solutions de contrôle optimal obtenues.
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Assemat, Élie. "Sur le rôle des singularités hamiltonniennes dans les systèmes contrôlés : applications en mécanique quantique et en optique non linéaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833905.

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Cette thèse possède un double objectif : le premier est l'amélioration des techniques de contrôle en mécanique quantique, et plus particulièrement en RMN, grâce aux techniques du contrôle optimal géométrique. Le second consiste à étudier l'influence des singularités hamiltoniennes dans les systèmes physiques contrôlés. Le chapitre traitant du contrôle optimal étudie trois problèmes classiques en RMN : l'inversion simultanée de deux spins, l'inclusion des termes non-linéaires dans le modèle et la méthode du point fixe. Ensuite, nous appliquons le PMP au problème de transfert de population dans un système quantique à trois niveaux pour retrouver le processus STIRAP. Les deux chapitres suivants étudient les singularités hamiltoniennes. Nous montrons comment l'étude des singularités hamiltoniennes permet de contrôler la polarisation dans différentes fibres optiques. Ensuite, nous montrons l'existence d'une monodromie hamiltonienne généralisée dans le spectre vibrationnel de la molécule HOCl. Enfin, nous donnons une méthode de mesure de la monodromie hamiltonienne dynamique dans deux systèmes classiques en optique non-linéaire : le modèle de Bragg et le mélange à trois ondes
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36

Vezvaee, Arian. "Quantum spins in semiconductor nanostructures: Hyperfine interactions and optical control." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104870.

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Quantum information technologies offer significantly more computational power for certain tasks and secure communication lines compared to the available classical machines. In recent years there have been numerous proposals for the implementation of quantum computers in several different systems that each come with their own advantages and challenges. This dissertation primarily focuses on challenges, specifically interactions with the environment, and applications of two of such systems: Semiconductor quantum dots and topological insulators. The first part of the dissertation is devoted to the study of semiconductor quantum dots as candidates for quantum information storage and sources of single-photon emission. The spin of the electron trapped in a self-assembled quantum dot can be used as a quantum bit of information for quantum technology applications. This system possesses desirable photon emission properties, including efficiency and tunability, which make it one of the most advanced single-photon emitters. This interface is also actively explored for the generation of complex entangled photonic states with applications in quantum computing, networks, and sensing. First, an overview of the relevant developments in the field will be discussed and our recent contributions, including protocols for the control of the spin and a scheme for the generation of entangled photon states from coupled quantum dots, will be presented. We then look at the interaction between the electron and the surrounding nuclear spins and describe how its interplay with optical driving can lead to dynamic nuclear polarization. The second part of the dissertation follows a similar study in topological insulators: The role of time-reversal breaking magnetic impurities in topological materials and how spinful impurities enable backscattering mechanisms by lifting the topological protection of edge modes. I will present a model that allows for an analytical study of the effects of magnetic impurities within an experimental framework. It will be discussed how the same platform also enables a novel approach for applications of spintronics and quantum information, such as studying the entanglement entropy between the impurities and chiral modes of the system.
Doctor of Philosophy
Quantum information science has received special attention in recent years due to its promising advantages compared to classical machines. Building a functional quantum processor is an ongoing effort that has enjoyed enormous advancements over the past few years. Several different condensed matter platforms have been considered as potential candidates for this purpose. This dissertation addresses some of the major challenges in two of the candidate platforms: Quantum dots and topological insulators. We look at methods for achieving high-performance optical control of quantum dots. We further utilize quantum dots special ability to emit photons for specific quantum technology applications. We also address the nuclear spin problem in these systems which is the main source of destruction of quantum information and one of the main obstacles in building a quantum computer. This is followed by the study of a similar problem in topological insulators: Addressing the interaction with magnetic impurities of topological insulators. Included with each of these topics is a description of relevant experimental setups. As such, the studies presented in this dissertation pave the way for a better understanding of the two major obstacles of hyperfine interactions and the optical controllability of these platforms.
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Chen, Pochung. "Quantum optical control of spins and excitons in semiconductor quantum dots /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3061632.

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38

Cai, Yin. "Quantum coherent control with an optical frequency comb." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0030/document.

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Les états quantiques multimodes sont au coeur des protocoles detraitement quantique de l’information et de métrologie quantique. Àpartir d’un peigne de fréquence optique injectant un oscillateurparamétrique optique pompé en mode synchrone (SPOPO) nousavons généré des états multimodes en temps/fréquence. Unsimulateur quantique est alors mis en place à partir de ce SPOPO et demise en forme d’impulsion, et permet de mettre en évidence de étatsclusters pouvant compter jusque 12 noeuds et un protocole departage de secret quantique à six partenaires. De plus, une détectionmultipixel résolue en fréquence est développée et utilisée pourréaliser un état cluster linéaire à 8 noeuds. Nous avons égalementutilisé cette source pour développer un spectromètre ayant unesensibilité allant au delà de celle imposée par les fluctuations du videquantique
Multimode squeezing plays an essential role in quantum informationprocessing and quantum metrology. Using optical frequency combs,we generate multi-temporal-mode state from a synchronouslypumped optical parametric oscillator (SPOPO). An on-demandquantum network simulator is developed using the SPOPO andultrafast pulse shaping; up-to-twelve-node cluster states and asix-partite quantum secret sharing protocol are experimentallyemulated with this simulator. Furthermore, frequency resolvedmultipixel detectors are employed, and used to realize aline-shape-eight-node cluster state. We also developed a multimodequantum spectrometer, which is able to exceed the standardquantum limit for measuring manifold parameters of ultrafast pulses
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39

Russell, Nick. "Characterisation and control of linear optical quantum computers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.689673.

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Quantum technologies have the potential to disrupt almost every aspect of our lives, the classic example being the prospect of a quantum computer breaking the classical encryption on which so much of the current world relies. Perhaps fortunately, the technical challenges involved in building such a machine are formidable and it remains a long term goal. At present, less disruptive quantum technologies such as quantum key distribution and quantum random number generation are already making their way out of the lab and being pursued by commercial enterprises. Between these two extremes, there is potential for applications of quantum technologies that will provide capabilities far beyond classical computers but can be realised on a much shorter timescale. The BOSONSAMPLING algorithm could provide a theoretically rigorous example of quantum superiority, while analogue quantum simulators demonstrate a more practically relevant task. In this thesis I focus on these two fields , and progress towards realising them in linear optics. I describe the use of reconfigurable linear optical circuits to perform simulations of vibrational states of molecules, and extend the simulation technique to open quantum systems. In addition to the challenge of performing these computations, a lot of work must go in to the related tasks of controlling the equipment and verifying its output. This thesis discusses some of these procedures in detail, in particular verification of correct operation of reconfigurable linear optical circuits and control of a BOSONSAMPLING experiment. Finally, I present a new tomography procedure for experimentally determining the Hamiltonian underlying evolution of a system of non-interacting bosons, and describe an experimental realisation in a photonic quantum walk.
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40

Chaudhury, Souma. "Quantum Control and Quantum Chaos in Atomic Spin Systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195449.

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Laser-cooled atoms offer an excellent platform for testing new ideas of quantum control and measurement. I will discuss experiments where we use light and magnetic fields to drive and monitor non-trivial quantum dynamics of a large spin-angular momentum associated with an atomic hyperfine ground state. We can design Hamiltonians to generate arbitrary spin states and perform a full quantum state reconstruction of the results. We have implemented and verified time optimal controls to generate a broad variety of spin states, including spin-squeezed states useful for metrology. Yields achieved are of the range 0.8-0.9.We present a first experimental demonstration of the quantum kicked top, a popular paradigm for quantum and classical chaos. We make `movies' of the evolving quantum state which provides a direct observation of phase space dynamics of this system. The spin dynamics seen in the experiment includes dynamical tunneling between regular islands, rapid spreading of states throughout the chaotic sea, and surprisingly robust signatures of classical phase space structures. Our data show differences between regular and chaotic dynamics in the sensitivity to perturbations of the quantum kicked top Hamiltonian and in the average electron-nuclear spin entanglement during the first 40 kicks. The difference, while clear, is modest due to the small size of the spin.
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41

Muldoon, Cecilia. "Control and manipulation of cold atoms in optical tweezers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:920933c8-441c-4d59-a4f4-87f8c799a820.

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The ability to address and manipulate individual information carriers in a deterministic, coherent, and scalable manner is a central theme in quantum information processing. Neutral atoms trapped by laser light are amongst the most promising candidates for storing and processing information in a quantum computer or simulator, so a scalable and flexible scheme for their control and manipulation is paramount. This thesis demonstrates a fast and versatile method to address and dynamically control the position (the motional degrees of freedom) of neutral atoms trapped in optical tweezers. The tweezers are generated by using the direct image of a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) which can control and shape a large number of optical dipole-force traps. Trapped atoms adapt to any change in the potential landscape, such that one can re-arrange and randomly access individual sites within atom-trap arrays. A diffraction limited imaging system is used to map the intensity distribution of the SLM onto a cloud of cold atoms captured and cooled using a Magneto Optical Surface Trap (MOST).
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42

Lam, Ping Koy, and Ping Lam@anu edu au. "Applications of Quantum Electro-Optic Control and Squeezed Light." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 1999. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030611.170800.

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In this thesis, we report the observations of optical squeezing from second harmonic generation (SHG), optical parametric oscillation (OPO) and optical parametric amplification (OPA). Demonstrations and proposals of applications involving the squeezed light and electro-optic control loops are presented. ¶ In our SHG setup, we report the observation of 2.1 dB of intensity squeezing on the second harmonic (SH) output. Investigations into the system show that the squeezing performance of a SHG system is critically affected by the pump noise and a modular theory of noise propagation is developed to describe and quantify this effect. Our experimental data has also shown that in a low-loss SHG system, intra-cavity nondegenerate OPO modes can simultaneously occur. This competition of nonlinear processes leads to the optical clamping of the SH output power and in general can degrade the SH squeezing. We model this competition and show that it imposes a limit to the observable SH squeezing. Proposals for minimizing the effect of competition are presented. ¶ In our OPO setup, we report the observation of 7.1 dB of vacuum squeezing and more than 4 dB of intensity squeezing when the OPO is operating as a parametric amplifier. We present the design criteria and discuss the limits to the observable squeezing from the OPO.We attribute the large amount of squeezing obtained in our experiment to the high escape efficiency of the OPO. The effect of phase jitter on the squeezing of the vacuum state is modeled. ¶ The quantum noise performance of an electro-optic feedforward control loop is investigated. With classical coherent inputs, we demonstrate that vacuum fluctuations introduced at the beam splitter of the control loop can be completely cancelled by an optimum amount of positive feedforward. The cancellation of vacuum fluctuations leads to the possibility of noiseless signal amplification with the feedforward loop. Comparison shows that the feedforward amplifier is superior or at least comparable in performance with other noiseless amplification schemes. When combined with an injection-locked non-planar ring Nd:YAG laser, we demonstrate that signal and power amplifications can both be noiseless and independently variable. ¶ Using squeezed inputs to the feedforward control loop, we demonstrate that information carrying squeezed states can be made robust to large downstream transmission losses via a noiseless signal amplification. We show that the combination of a squeezed vacuum meter input and a feedforward loop is a quantum nondemolition (QND) device, with the feedforward loop providing an additional improvement on the transfer of signal. In general, the use of a squeezed vacuum meter input and an electro-optic feedforward loop can provide pre- and post- enhancements to many existing QND schemes. ¶ Finally, we proposed that the quantum teleportation of a continuous-wave optical state can be achieved using a pair of phase and amplitude electro-optic feedforward loops with two orthogonal quadrature squeezed inputs. The signal transfer and quantum correlation of the teleported optical state are analysed. We show that a two dimensional diagram, similar to the QND figures of merits, can be used to quantify the performance of a teleporter.
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43

Brereton, Peter George. "Control of single InGaAs quantum dots with frequency-swept optical pulses." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610893.

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44

Economou, Sophia E. "Spontaneous emission and optical control of spins in quantum dots." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3215132.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 24, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-133).
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45

Schmidt, Sönke [Verfasser]. "Quantum-optical control techniques for atomic motional states / Sönke Schmidt." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2012. http://d-nb.info/1031271627/34.

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46

Wijesundara, Kushal Chinthaka. "Ultrafast Exciton Dynamics and Optical Control in Semiconductor Quantum Dots." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1336648375.

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47

Zhang, Jianhong. "Control of Electronic Coupling and Optical Properties in Quantum Dot Solids." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-122201.

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48

Cristofolini, Peter. "Optical control of polariton condensation and dipolaritons in coupled quantum wells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/247219.

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Polaritons are lightweight bosonic quasiparticles that result from the strong coupling of light with an exciton transition inside a microcavity. A sufficiently dense cloud of polaritons condenses into a polariton condensate, a state of matter showing macroscopic coherence and superfluid properties, whose dynamics are influenced by the cycle of constant pumping and decay of polaritons. This thesis begins with an introduction on the particle and wave properties of the polariton condensate, followed by a theoretical description of two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and a section on simulation of polariton condensates. The optical setup and the microcavity sample are presented thereafter, including holographic laser shaping with a spatial light modulator (SLM), which allows exciting the microcavity with arbitrarily shaped pump geometries. Experimental results comprise optical control of polariton condensates, and dipolaritons. First, optical blueshift trapping and energy synchronisation (phase locking) of condensates are introduced. The transition from phase-locked condensates to an optically trapped condensate is investigated for a configuration of N pump spots arranged on a circle of varying diameter. Differences between these two condensate types are highlighted in the discussion section. Next, two parallel pump laser lines with small separation are investigated, which create a one-dimensional waveguide with strong uniform gain. Optically guided polaritons are investigated in this configuration with respect to coherence, flow speed, temperature and chemical potential. Observations hint that coherence arises below the condensation threshold simply from the chosen geometry of the system. The final chapter is dedicated to dipolaritons (polaritons with a static dipole moment) which form when polaritons strongly couple to indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells. In this system quantum tunnelling of electrons can be controlled with bias voltage. This allows tuning the dipolariton properties optically and electrically, with exciting prospects for future experiments. A conclusion and outlook section rounds off this work.
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49

Besombes, Lucien. "Optical control of individual spins in magnetic and charged quantum dots." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00916838.

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This manuscript is organized as follows: In Part One, the main properties of Mn-doped and singly charged II-VI QDs are presented. In chapter 1 we will describe their energy level structure. We will then analyze in detail the influence of the QD symmetry and of the valence band mixing on the spin structure of QDs containing an individual carrier and one or two Mn atoms. We will finally show how the tuning of the charge state of a QD can be used to control the magnetic properties of a Mn atom. In chapter 2, we will focus on the spin dynamics of these few interacting spins. We will first analyse the dynamics of coupled electron and diluted nuclear spins in these II-VI QDs. We will, in particular, show that the electron spin dephasing by the low density of fluctuating nuclear spins is efficiently suppressed at zero field by a dynamic nuclear spin polarization. We will then focus on the dynamics of coupled carriers and Mn spins. We will first show how the injection of spin polarized carriers can be used to prepare by optical pumping the spin state of one or two Mn atoms. We will then discuss the mechanism controlling the efficiency and the dynamics of this optical pumping. We will finally show how the strong coupling between a laser field and the optical transitions of a Mn-doped QD can be used to optically tune the energy of any spin state of a Mn atom. Part Two (Chapter 3) is devoted to the presentation of ongoing work and perspectives on the coherent dynamics of interacting electron, nuclei and Mn spins in II-VI semiconductor QDs. We will, for instance, discuss the possibility of using the strong coupling with a resonant laser field to control the coherent dynamics of coupled electronic and nuclear spins of a Mn atom.
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50

Amezcua, Mayra. "Optical and Mechanical Quantum Control of Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23743.

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Current proposals for the design of quantum computer architectures include combining different quantum systems with designated tasks to build a device that can efficiently store, process, and transfer quantum information. Electron spins in solid-state quantum systems are a viable platform for storing information in these multi-quantum frameworks. While extensive research has been performed to couple solid-state systems to photons and microwaves, an alternative line of research focuses on coupling these systems to phonons, or mechanical motion. The use of phonons in solid-state devices opens up a new approach to interface different quantum systems. This dissertation presents experimental progress in developing and controlling a spin-mechanical system, specifically the interaction between the electron spin of a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond and mechanical vibrations on the surface of the diamond, and discusses theoretical methods for limiting decoherence in the system. To investigate the strain properties of the NV center, we couple acoustic waves to the NV spin via an optical excitation. We transfer population between the spin ground states by driving phonon-assisted optical transitions and demonstrate the formation of a non-radiative state, which can be used to adiabatically transfer population between two states, through the same mechanism. To mitigate the effects of the nuclear spin bath on the NV center, we study and show preliminary results on the semiclassical dressed states, or quantum states of the NV interacting with optical fields. The dressed states can be insensitive to magnetic fluctuations, thus preserving the quantum state of the system. Finally, we consider a transitionless quantum driving technique that decouples the NV center from a radiative state, preventing decoherence through spontaneous emission. These developments are essential in advancing our understanding of phonon-based interfaces between quantum systems. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
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