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Journal articles on the topic 'Quarrelling'
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1
Boekkooi, Marije, Bert Klandermans, and Jacquelien van Stekelenburg. "Quarrelling and Protesting: How Organizers Shape a Demonstration." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 221–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.16.2.h686775x423496wh.
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On February 15, 2003, about 20 million people around the world protested against the imminent war in Iraq. In the Netherlands, 70,000 people marched in the streets of Amsterdam. This study focuses on the organization and mobilization processes preceding this event in Amsterdam. We trace how the organizers' attempts to form a coalition and the quarrels that ensued affected mobilization efforts, composition of the demonstration, media attention, and, subsequently, how and when participants were mobilized. We argue that, although infrequently studied, the specific ways that initial mobilization structures are formed are critical factors in the trajectory of mobilization. We use in-depth interviews with the organizers, newspaper content analyses, and survey data from participants to trace these effects.
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Katafiasz, Kate. "Quarrelling with Brecht: Understanding Bond's post-structuralist political aesthetic." Studies in Theatre and Performance 28, no. 3 (September 9, 2008): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/stap.28.3.237_1.
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Moses, Larry. "The Quarrelling Sons in the Secret History of the Mongols." Journal of American Folklore 100, no. 395 (January 1987): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/539990.
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Namprasert, A. "The solution of waijo or teenager quarrelling and fighting problem." Injury Prevention 16, Supplement 1 (September 1, 2010): A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.029215.77.
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Olson, S. Douglas, and Ineke Sluiter. "An emendation in Porphyry's commentary on Ptolemy's Harmonics." Classical Quarterly 46, no. 2 (December 1996): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cq/46.2.596.
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So far am I from rejecting the use of what has been well stated by others, that I would wish that everyone said the same things about the same things and, as Socrates puts it, in the same words, and then there would be no undisputed quarrelling among men about the matters at hand.
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Drake, Deborah H., and Reece Walters. "‘Crossing the line’: Criminological expertise, policy advice and the ‘quarrelling society’." Critical Social Policy 35, no. 3 (June 3, 2015): 414–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018315589448.
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Fridy, Kevin S. "The Elephant, Umbrella, and Quarrelling Cocks: Disaggregating Partisanship in Ghana’s Fourth Republic." African Affairs 106, no. 423 (November 27, 2006): 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adl040.
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Mubarakshin, B. N. "Hydropower Sector of Kyrgyzstan in the Context of Solving the Water– Energy Problems in the Central Asia." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 1(28) (February 28, 2013): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-1-28-113-117.
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The Kyrgyz Republic is referred to the countries with sizeable water resources. In spite of an enormous hydropower potential of the republic’s rivers the national energy sector strongly depends on the Toktogul dam’s functioning, which is also important to maintain water–energy balance in the Central Asia. In conditions of unremitting quarrelling over working regimes of this station construction of the Kambarata hydropower stations in Kyrgyzstan can be considered as one of the most optimal ways to solve regional water– energy problems.
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Méndez Dosuna, Julián V. ""El significado del adjetivo ἔναυλος en Sófocles, Filoctetes 158 y en Eurípides, Fenicias 1573"." Fortunatae. Revista Canaria de Filología, Cultura y Humanidades Clásicas, no. 32 (2020): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.fortunat.2020.32.29.
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The adjective ἔναυλος, -ον is a hypostatic compound based on the phrase ἐν αὐλῇ. InSophocles’ Philoctetes, it refers to the interior of the cavern where the protagonist lives (αὐλή ‘dwelling’).In Euripides’ Phoenician Women, Eteocles and Polinices are compared in a simile to two lions fighting. The adjective ἐναύλους has been previously interpreted as meaning ‘being in a den cave’ or, alternatively, ‘quarrelling over a den / cave’. A different meaning is here proposed: the lions fight pent up (αὐλή ‘pen, fold’) in the space between the two armies
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Kragelund, Patrick. "The Prefect's Dilemma and the Date of the Octavia." Classical Quarterly 38, no. 2 (December 1988): 492–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800037101.
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The long-awaited publication of Otto Zwierlein's edition of Seneca's Tragedies provides a welcome opportunity to present a few observations on the penultimate scene of pseudo-Seneca's Octavia (846–76).The scene in question features Nero quarrelling with his Guard Prefect over the fate of the Empress Octavia. In this altercation there are three textual points which have for long been in dispute. The first section of the article is concerned with these, favouring an emendation (858) discarded in the new Oxford edition, but questioning two of the verse divisions suggested (867b–868a) or adopted (870a) by Zwierlein.
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Kalar, Brent. "Subjectivity and Sociality in Kant’s Theory of Beauty." Kantian Review 23, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 205–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415418000031.
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AbstractKant holds that it is possible to quarrel about judgements of beauty and cultivate taste, but these possibilities have not been adequately accounted for in the dominant interpretations of his aesthetics. They can be better explained if we combine a more subjectivist interpretation of the free harmony of the faculties and aesthetic form with a type of social constructivism. On this ‘subjectivist-constructivist’ reading, quarrelling over and cultivating taste are not attempts to conform to some matter of fact, but rather to reconcile subjective perceptions through mutual interchange governed by the regulative goal of constructing a universal community of agreement.
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Wegman, Rob C. "New Light on Secular Polyphony at the Court of Holland in the Early Fifteenth Century: The Amsterdam Fragments." Journal of the Royal Musical Association 117, no. 2 (1992): 181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrma/117.2.181.
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Around 1400, the northern Netherlands were little more than a loose collection of quarrelling principalities, unified to some degree by their common language, Middle Dutch. Formally this unruly area was part of the Holy Roman Empire, but the German emperor's political weakness laid it wide open to the territorial ambitions of the Burgundian dukes. Under their rule, the Netherlands saw centralized regional government for the first time in their history. But it was not until the sixteenth century, when their Spanish Habsburg successors were increasingly regarded as foreign oppressors, that anything like a unified sovereign Dutch state came within sight.
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El Murr, D. "ERISTIC, ANTILOGY AND THE EQUAL DISPOSITION OF MEN AND WOMEN (PLATO, RESP. 5.453B–454C)." Classical Quarterly 70, no. 1 (May 2020): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838820000476.
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Aristotle's Sophistical Refutations (= Soph. el.) seeks to uncover the workings of apparent deductive reasoning, and is thereby largely devoted to the caricature of dialectic that the ancients called eristic (ἐριστική), the art of quarrelling. Unlike antilogy (ἀντιλογία), which refers to a type of argumentation where two arguments are pitted against each other in a contradictory manner, eristic takes on in Aristotle an exclusively pejorative meaning, as is made clear, for example, by this passage from Soph. el.: ‘For just as unfairness in a contest is a definite type of fault, and is a kind of foul fighting, so the art of contentious reasoning is foul fighting in disputation.’
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Vikmane, Blāzma. "SOCIALISATION IN THE FAMILY AND FORMATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S CONCEPT OF THE PARENT’S IMAGE." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 30, 2015): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2013vol1.565.
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“Family National Policy Guidelines for 20011-2017 year” underlined that the concept of family is taking shape since birth and will continue in the following years. So the family as primary childs socialization institution has a major role to play in the first picture of the parental pattern formation. It is so important, that the family would facilitate development of concepts of the family model complying with standards in society and would facilitate getting ready for the role of a good father or mother. Children in their games shown as parents educating them: both positive and negative. Unfortunately, as the surveyed preschool teachers mention, quite often children depict their parents as smokers, drunkards and always quarrelling
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Cipriani, Gabriele, Luca Cipriani, and Mario Di Fiorino. "Personality and destiny. Francesco Borromini: portrait of a tormented soul." History of Psychiatry 28, no. 3 (May 16, 2017): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x17691448.
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Francesco Borromini, one of the great geniuses of Baroque architecture, was tormented and solitary, and was increasingly frustrated by the fame and success of his rival, Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Borromini was an unhappy man, constantly dogged by disaster, quarrelling even with his best patrons and closest friends. In the culmination of one of the fits of depression that overcame the architect more and more frequently as his life progressed, Borromini literally fell on his own sword; he lingered in excruciating pain for 24 hours before dying. Largely forgotten, his architecture has again been recognized since the twentieth century as the creation of genius. We try to describe the personality and suicide of this pessimist giant of architecture.
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Hotson, Howard. "Irenicism and Dogmatics in the Confessional Age: Pareus and Comenius in Heidelberg, 1614." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 46, no. 3 (July 1995): 432–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900017747.
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The ecclesiastical history of early seventeenth-century Protestant Germany presents a generally gloomy picture. Lutherans and Calvinists, locked in increasingly uncompromising fratricidal controversy, divide the heartland of the Reformation against itself, thereby unwittingly preparing for the Habsburg reconquest of subsequent decades. In the light of this ensuing disaster, the heroes of the era are naturally identified as those few figures who attempted to combat the leading tendency of their age: the ecclesiastic irenicists, who appealed to the quarrelling theological groups to set aside their differences and join forces in defending the advances of the Reformation. In this they were destined to fail, but modern historians have nevertheless credited them with helping to break the ground later cultivated by the more successful proponents of reconciliation in the nineteenth century and the yet more broad-minded ecumenists of the twentieth.
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Pohl, Susanne. "UNEASY PEACE: THE PRACTICE OF THE STALLUNG RITUAL IN ZÜRICH, 1400-1525." Journal of Early Modern History 7, no. 1 (2003): 28–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006503322487340.
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AbstractThis article discusses the Stallung or "peace bidding" ritual in the imperial city of Zürich during the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. According to city law, every Zürcher had to ask quarrelling citizens to make peace, and the contestants were then obligated to end their fight. The discussion of Stallung in this article is informed by practice theory as developed by Pierre Bourdieu and Sherry Ortner. While habitus or structure constrains and produces the goals of social actors, those social actors also enact and transform structure. The meaning of the Stallung ritual was not stable, but subject to constant situational adjustment. The Stallung ritual may have prevented outbreaks of violence in many instances, yet the evidence demonstrates that the ritual was often absorbed into the ongoing dynamic of challenge and riposte that shaped contests over honor between male citizens.
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MOUT, NICOLETTE. "Does Europe have a centre? Reflections on the history of Western and Central Europe." European Review 14, no. 2 (April 12, 2006): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106279870600024x.
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Any definition of Central Europe based on geographical and/or historical facts causes difficulties. The line dividing Europe during the Cold War has a very limited use because it does not take into account Central Europe as a special part of the continent. Historians such as Geoffrey Barraclough, Hugh Seton-Watson and Oskar Halecki discussed the idea of a separate identity of Central Europe during the Cold War. Especially after the fall of the Berlin Wall, this discussion was re-opened. From a historian's point of view, the most important contributions came from Piotr Wandycz and Jenő Szűcs. An imaginary centre of Europe can only be found in the continent's common history.There is a belief, rather widespread in English-speaking countries, that the eastern half of Europe is inhabited by a number of endlessly quarrelling small nations whose conflicts keep endangering the quiet and comfort of Anglophones. (Hugh Seton-Watson)
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Clarke, Bridget. "Thomas Stringer, Locke, Shaftesbury, and Edward Clarke." Locke Studies 8 (December 31, 2008): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/ls.2008.1014.
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Two things changed Thomas Stringer’s career as an unremarkable lawyer and steward to a country gentleman; first, the ambition of his master, Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, who became Earl of Shaftesbury in 1672 and was one of the great statesmen of the age, and secondly that he became a close friend and correspondent of John Locke. As a result Stringer was at the centre of significant events, involved in Colonial Trade and Prince Rupert’s Great Gunnes, quarrelling with Locke over his portrait and having a life- long family friendship with Edward Clarke MP, whose children were the subject of Locke’s book Some Thoughts Concerning Education. This article, based on the Shaftesbury papers in the Hampshire Record Office and Clarke’s papers in the Somerset Record Office, will shed light on Stringer’s life and his acquisition of some political importance in the Exclusion crisis, as it is claimed that he drafted the Exclusion Bill; and also on some of Locke’s activities.
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Carey, Daniel. "John Locke, Edward Stillingfleet and the Quarrel over Consensus." Paragraph 40, no. 1 (March 2017): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2017.0215.
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Philosophical antagonism and dispute — by no means confined to the early modern period — nonetheless enjoyed a moment of particular ferment as new methods and orientations on questions of epistemology and ethics developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. John Locke played a key part in them with controversies initiated by the Essay concerning Human Understanding (1690). This essay develops a wider typology of modes of philosophical quarrelling by focusing on a key debate — the issue of whether human nature came pre-endowed with innate ideas and principles, resulting in a moral consensus across mankind, or remained, on the contrary, dependent on reason to achieve moral insight, and, in practice, divided by diverse and irreconcilable cultural practices as a result of the force of custom and the limited purchase of reason. The essay ultimately concludes on the idea that we should not only attend to the genealogy of disputes but also to the morphology of disputation as a practice.
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Ilhami, Haniah. "INTERPRETATION OF SYIQAQAND ITS PROCEDURAL LAW AT RELIGIOUS COURT IN YOGYAKARTA." Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 26, no. 1 (June 25, 2014): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16060.
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The objective of this research is to identify the interpretation of syiqaq as a legal reason in divorce lawsuit and its procedural law implemented by the Religious Courts in Yogyakarta. This is an empirical normative research, using the literature research method and field research through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). This research found that syiqaq is interpreted as a specific form of an endless quarrelling which caused danger for either husband or wife. In practice, judges combine procedural law in divorce lawsuit based on syiqaq into the procedural law in other legal reason. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interpretasi syiqaqsebagai alasan gugatan cerai oleh hakim dan praktek hukum acara penyelesaian perkara perceraian dengan alasan syiqaqyang diterapkan pada Pengadilan Agama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif empiris, menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan melalui kegiatan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa syiqaqdiinterpretasikan sebagai perselisihan dan percekcokan antara suami istri yang telah menimbulkan bahaya mengancam baik pada para pihak. Dalam prakteknya, hakim menggabungkan proses acara penyelesaian perkara perceraian dengan menggunakan alasan syiqaqke dalam proses beracara untuk perkara yang menggunakan alasan perselisihan terus menerus.
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Hinton, J. M. "Scepticism—Philosophical and Everyday." Philosophy 64, no. 248 (April 1989): 219–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100044491.
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Many years ago we often witnessed a testy insistence, on the part of some purist, that some very familiar philosophical ‘ism’ be defined before being discussed; when most people either thought that had been done already or were happy to wait for the discussion itself to identify the ‘ism’. The old new style, that featured those unexpected demands for definition, ended by trying people's patience in its turn. Today there is a widespread assumption that we know, well enough, what is meant in philosophy by Scepticism. Perhaps the majority view is something like this:The philosophical term Scepticism admittedly covers a number of different stances. The one that a given philosopher wants to discuss may or may not be the most like that of the original ancient Skeptics. Still the context normally makes it clear enough what is meant, and there is more point in discussing whatever thing is meant than in quarrelling about the name. As for the way, or ways, in which the word scepticism with a small s is used when people are not referring to any traditional philosophical position—we can safely disregard colloquial usage in this context. As a rule the main point is to see how, if at all, the Scepticism in question is best combated or refuted.
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Paudel, Manusha. "Emotional Abuses of Slum Women by their Husbands in Kathmandu Valley." Journal of Population and Development 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpd.v1i1.33111.
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Emotional abuse is a hardest form of abuse to recognize and globally it is a major public health problem. This study aims to explore the associated factors among slum married women in Kathmandu valley. It has used primary data from slum areas of Kathmandu valley and this study confined with married women only. Result showed more than two fifth (42%) women’s husband get angry if their wives talked with another male members either they are relatives or friends. The percent of emotional abuse was high where respondents did not attend school (33%) than who attended school (21%). Uniquely, study found that all alcohol user husbands insulted their wife in front of others and threatened or made worried. Despite that whose husbands did not use alcohol, their wives were not fallen on any types of emotional abuse. Additionally, quarrelling habit of husbands is also leading factor of emotional abuse. Findings of this study demonstrated that several factors are associated with emotional abuse including alcohol use, education, and occupation and battering habit. On the other hand, non-use of alcohol, high level of education, skilled occupation, and non-battering habit could protect women against emotional abuse by their husband. Therefore, interventions should focus on these issues for both men and women.
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Gloger-Tippelt, Gabriele Sabine, and Matthias Huerkamp. "Relationship Change at the Transition to Parenthood and Security of Infant-Mother Attachment." International Journal of Behavioral Development 22, no. 3 (September 1998): 633–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502598384306.
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Attachment research has so far favoured maternal and child characteristics as determinants of secure or insecure attachment relationships between infant and mother. Several recent findings now suggest that the broader context of the family and the couple’s relationship should receive more attention as possible determinants. The quality of parental relationships was assessed in a prospective longitudinal study using 28 women and 23 of their partners. A Partnership Questionnaire was administered at four points of measurement from the beginning of pregnancy to one year after the birth of the first child. At 13 months of age the infants and their mothers were observed in the Strange Situation Procedure. Statistical analysis revealed two systematic results. (1) Both wives and husbands from families with a secure infant-mother attachment judged the quality of their partnership as more satisfying than parents with insecurely attached infants: lower decrease in “tenderness”, relative absence of “quarrelling” as perceived by the wives, and husbands’ “general happiness” across the transition to parenthood were related to secure mother-child relationships. (2) After becoming parents, both parents perceived a decline in the quality of their marital relationship. The results also suggest that parental partnership and mother-child relationship are systematically interdependent and support the idea that early parenthood is a critical time for establishing different attachment qualities.
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Gözler, Alpaslan. "Evaluation of Teacher and Student Misbehaviours in Primary Schools from Prospective Teachers' Point of View." World Journal of Education 8, no. 6 (December 7, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v8n6p11.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate teacher and student misbehaviours and the methods teachers use with regard tostudent misbehaviours in primary schools from prospective classroom teachers' point of view. The study usedphenomenological method, a qualitative research design, since thorough data collection was performed based onpersonal experiences. The study group consisted of junior (3rd grade) students registered for the 2017-2018 academicyear in the classroom teaching programme provided by a state university in the Central Anatolia region. 52prospective classroom teachers participated in the study, on a voluntary basis. While forming the study group, it wasintentionally preferred that prospective classroom teachers took the School Experience course. To collect data, asemi-structured interview form was prepared by the researcher. The form included 4 questions on demographiccharacteristics and 3 questions on the research topic. Data obtained from the study was analyzed by using descriptiveanalysis, which is widely used in qualitative studies. Certain conclusions were made based on the results obtainedfrom the research. Some of these conclusions can be stated as follows: 1. Some of the most common studentmisbehaviours in primary schools, according to prospective classroom teachers, are quarrelling with friends, talkingwithout taking permission, complaining, chatting among themselves, and wandering around the classroom. 2. Someof the most common teacher misbehaviours in primary schools, according to prospective classroom teachers, areextreme yelling, constant use of a particular method, discriminating students over one another, and cancelling playand physical activity lesson.
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Oraegbune, OM, AM Adole, and VO Adeyemo. "AN APPRAISAL OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES AMONG THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY WORKERS IN NIGERIA, ADAMAWA STATE CASE STUDY." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.29.
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This paper appraises the psychotropic drugs and its consequences, reactions on construction workers, responses to a given performance, which can be behavioral, perceptional, physiological, emotional and cognitive. This study was basically an appraisal of psychotropic drugs on construction workers, identification of types and effects. Structural questionnaires and oral interviews were used to collect data among construction workers. A simple statistical technique was used for the data analysis. The outcome of the study shows that majority (85%) of the population depend on drugs to achieve greater efficiency, acquire long lasting energy and alertness. The study further discovers the negative implications in terms of health risk and low productivity (i.e. caffeine(93%),create anxiety, disorder and sleep disruptions, Nicotines (73%) tobaccolosis, tramadol (85%) pelptic ulcer, marijuana(93%) mental sickness, codeine (73%)hyperactivity, Alcohol(51%)diabetes and hypertension), while poor or low quality job done is a sign of drug abuse intake by the workers. Others such as disobedient, quarrelling and abnormal behaviors are also sighs of drug abuse by the workers. This paper therefore, concludes that the use of psychotropic drugs by construction workers is real and is assuming an alarming rate in the industry. This study recommends collaborative effort between the construction firms and the drug regulatory agencies like National Drugs Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA).Construction workers should undergo drug test process before given an employment, while seminars should be organized at least every quarter of the year on drug abuse or drug related issues or where special assistances in terms of professional advise and health intervention are given. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.29
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Haigh, Christopher. "The Troubles of Thomas Pestell: Parish Squabbles and Ecclesiastical Politics in Caroline England." Journal of British Studies 41, no. 4 (October 2002): 403–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/341436.
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The troubles of Thomas Pestell came to a head at Lambeth on 21 November 1633. He was the victim of an improbable alliance between a godly nobleman, a Laudian judge, three alehouse keepers, a few tithe resisters, some Ashby nonconformists, “mad Stacey,” and a determined troublemaker. This ambitious Leicestershire parson, already embittered by failure, was humiliated by the Court of High Commission. Led by Archbishop Laud, the court declared that Pestell “had to the scandal and reproach of his ministerial function many ways demeaned himself”: he was ordered to grovel before his critics and pay his enemies' expenses. It could have been very much worse. The offenses of contempt of ecclesiastical authority, admitting excommunicates to communion, and performing clandestine marriages, “although they were in themselves no way justifiable but worthy of severe punishment,” were set aside for the moment and never resurfaced. An allegation of vexatious litigation had already been dropped, a charge of seditious preaching was “not sufficiently proved,” and “for his quarrelling and fighting, and giving cause to have him bound to the peace before the temporal judges, this the court much misliked though they would not censure him for it.” Formally, Pestell was only punished for jeering at the earl of Huntingdon, mocking Sir John Lambe, and sending two of his parishioners on a wild-goose chase—but his once-promising career was in ruins.Thomas Pestell was born in 1585, the son of a Leicester tailor. He went to Cambridge as a sizar, took his M.A. in 1609, and was presented to the Leicestershire rectory of Coleorton by Sir Thomas Beaumont in 1611.
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Jebba, Adamu Muhammaed. "The role of social media in reshaping the academic activities of vocational and technical education lecturers in Nigeria." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i4.20305.
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<span lang="EN-US">The use of social media is one of the predominant features in the average daily life of students and lecturers across tertiary institutions in Nigeria. It was against this backdrop that this study was carried out to determine the role of social media in reshaping the future of academic activities among lecturers of Vocational and Technical education in Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. A structured questionnaire consisting of 40- items was developed by the researcher for data collection. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Kuder Richardson (KR20) formula which yielded 0.85. The population of the study comprised lecturers from the two Colleges of Education in Niger State. Four research questions guided the study. The findings revealed among others that social media is a technological tool that can reshape the future of teaching Vocational and Technical education as it brings with it new opportunities which is capable of promoting collaborative teaching and learning as well as the potential to promote and reshape the future of higher education in institutions of learning. Furthermore, the trend according to the findings of this study revealed that the overwhelming patronage is in terms of making new friends (online), playing games, exchange of affectionate/love messages, online chatting, sharing selfies, spreading false information, hate speeches, and even quarrelling with virtual friends. On the basis of these findings, some recommendations were made which among others include the need for the college management to mount capacity building programmes to retrain the lecturers to understand the concept of social learning and to keep them abreast with innovative teaching and learning platform such as social media.</span>
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Fernandes, Kristina. "Translating English WOMAN IS AN ANIMAL metaphors: Spanish native speakers’ associations with novel metaphors." Linguistik Online 108, no. 3 (May 9, 2021): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.108.7797.
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Animal metaphors are prevalent across languages and convey a variety of, oftentimes negative, meanings – more so for women than men. In English, for example, both lion and lioness refer to a sexually active, dominant man or woman respectively, but while the former is endowed with positive connotations (courage, strength), the latter evokes negative associations (danger, voracity). There are some animal terms, however, that do not feature in animal metaphors in a certain language, posing the question as to which associations are evoked by those animal terms that are not part of conventional animal metaphors. This paper explores Spanish speakers’ interpretations of mappings of the woman is an animal metaphor that are documented to exist in English but not in Spanish. This was tested with two online questionnaires, one employing open questions and the other one Likert scales presenting possible traits (e. g. quarrelsome, kind, promiscuous), in which Spanish speakers had to judge the animal metaphors which were translated from English. The results show that the novel animal metaphors are mainly associated by Spanish native speakers with negative features, first and foremost with ugliness. Additionally, most of the animal terms convey different meanings in English and Spanish. For example, musaraña, the Spanish equivalent of shrew, is not associated with bad temper and quarrelling, but instead with ugliness and muddleheadedness. Furthermore, the findings reveal significant insecurities in the interpretation of the translated metaphors by the Spanish speakers. These results might be an indication for both the arbitrariness and the stableness of associations with different animal species, depending on the speakers’ culture. It also seems that novel animal metaphors mainly provide mental access to unattractiveness as it is a concrete physical feature and might therefore be more accessible than abstract personality traits such as kindness or quarrelsomeness.
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Marnn, Phyoe, Thaw Tar Oo, Phyo Moh Moh Zin, and Nizeyimana Jean Claude. "Performances of Myanmar Military in COVID-19 Pandemic Period & Disparities of Public Attitudes on Myanmar Military "Between Before COVID-19 And Present COVID-19 Period"." Technium Social Sciences Journal 16 (February 10, 2021): 584–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v16i1.2528.
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COVID-19 is well known as “Global Pandemic” and it is a dreadful disaster on the world. However, on the other hand, COVID-19 pandemic becomes study issues for many researchers and their juniors and followers. Moreover, some negative attitudes of some Myanmar people to Myanmar National Soldiers become positive attitudes of them. Myanmar has many conflicts between some people who stand with NLD (National League for Democracy) and some people who stand with Myanmar Military. On Social Media pages, Myanmar public have quarreled and they are still quarrelling even in public areas and moreover family members become conflicts due to their favorite organization and poor knowledge of politics. Myanmar Tradition was so gentle and polite and polite people of Myanmar never abused other people and they had extremely tolerance each other before social media did not share rumors of Myanmar Military and Government. This conflicts are severe more and more and it is becoming bad situation of unity of Myanmar. Unfortunately, COVID-19 pandemic appeared as global disasters and Myanmar Military was ready to support public by taking their responsibilities. Military Quarantine Centers for public are so systematical and patients and their families don’t need to worry about their medical care services, medicines and their daily meals and moreover for their necessary daily items are ready placed there. COVID-19 is so cruel warfare for every country and on the other hand, this warfare could reform “Unity Damage” of Myanmar. 57% of negative attitudes of some Myanmar people have been decreased. This study aimed to reform “Noble Unity” of Myanmar and some conditions of COVID-19 were recorded to protect fake informations of COVID-19 periods by some social media pages. The researchers hope “Developed Myanmar” with “Noble Unity and Peace”.
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Kuiri, Shib Shankar, Bikash Chandra Ghosh, Nilay Mandal, Mintu Mohan Nandi, Tusar Kanti Saradar, and Goutam Ghosh. "Epidemiological study of burn injury with special reference to its prevention- A Nine-year retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 1 (August 28, 2015): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v7i1.13044.
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Aims and Objectives: We conducted a retrospective analysis among 1984 burn patients to study the incidence, prevalence of burn injury, its various types and modes (actual event behind the burn injury), risk factors and to find out the preventive measures.Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was carried out among 1984 patients having burn injuries, admitted in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal, India over a period of nine years. The sources of information were the admission registers and the patients' folders from the medical records department. The Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The information obtained included age, sex, whether accidental or suicidal, etiology of burn injury and particularly the mechanism of injury. Results: Females were mostly affected (83%) in comparison to males. Among the study population, most of the burn patients were in the age group of 21-30yrs i.e. 35.3%. The number of burn patients were less in number in the age group of 11-20yrs i.e. 7.3%. Most of the burn injuries (87%) were accidental. Suicidal burns occurred in 10% cases. Of which about 1/3rd of the cases were due to dowry related issues. A significant number of teenagers also attempted suicides due to trivial reasons (e.g. failure in examination, quarrelling with parents). Gas oven related injuries occurred in 2.7% cases. Oil lamps (‘kupi’), candles and hurricane-lanterns, diyas were also responsible to some extent in rural India for flame burns(5%). Smoking related burn injuries occurred in 1.7% cases. Scald injuries occurred in 14% cases. Chemical injuries (0.3%) were due to spillage of unlabelled bottles of acid/alkali. Electrical burn injury occurred in 4.9% cases. Conclusion: Burn injury prevention is not easy, but to avoid the significant morbidity and mortality following injury we have to prevent it by any means. A coordinated and dedicated approach among social workers , medical and paramedical personnel, administrators can only minimize the incidence of burn.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 70-75
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Flórez Bolívar, Roicer Alberto. "Orden público y seguridad: la protección privada de los ciudadanos en el Estado Soberano de Bolivar, 1857-1886." HiSTOReLo. Revista de Historia Regional y Local 2, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 44–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/historelo.v2n4.12263.
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El autor ofrece su comprensión sobre cómo la falta de recursos económicos y las disputas entre liberales radicales y conservadores crearon un clima de ines-tabilidad política en la que participaron las élites locales del Estado Soberano de Bolívar entre 1857-1886. Esta situación conduce a que la seguridad de los ciu-dadanos muchas veces no recayera sobre el Estado sino en personas o familias de gamonales y caciques con cuya autoridad se asumía funciones de Estado en zonas donde éste hacía poca o ninguna presencia. El autor, a partir de fuentes periodísticas y documentos oficiales, relata hechos y situaciones que referencian el inestable clima gubernamental y político, el cual conlleva a la aprobación de un proyecto sobre policía general y la conformación de cuerpos de alguaciles serenos con la participación de habitantes, empleados públicos y comerciantes de las localidades. El libre comercio de armas establecido desde 1863 contribuyó a que las élites locales participaran de modo activo en su co-mercialización y ofrecimiento en épocas de levantamientos armados a favor o en contra del Estado hasta 1886.Palabras clave: Estado Soberano de Bolívar, orden público, seguridad, ciudadanos, protección privada, gamonales.Public order and security: citizens' privacy protection in the Sovereign State of Bolívar, 1857-1886 Abstract The author offers his understanding of how the lack of economic resources and the quarrelling between extreme liberals and conservatives originated an instability political climate where between 1857-1886 the local elites from the Sovereign State of Bolívar were involved. This situation makes that citizens’ security is not in charge of the State but in individuals or families with bosses and chiefs whose authority was assumed as State functions in areas where the State had little or no presence. From journalism sources and official documents, the author reports events and situations that show the unstable government and political climate, that leads the approval of a bill about police and formation of night watchmen bodies with residents, civil servants and local dealers participation. The free trade of arms established in 1863 led to local elites to actively participate in its trade and offering in times of armed insurgencies in favor or against the State until 1886.Keywords: Sovereign State of Bolívar, public order, security, public, private protection, bosses.
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Sax, William. "The Royal pilgrimage of the Goddess Nanda." Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 22 (January 1, 2010): 334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67375.
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Once every twelve years, when it is thought that some calamity has taken place because of the curse of the goddess Nanda Devi, a four-horned ram is born in the fields of the former king of Garhwal, an erstwhile Central Himalayan kingdom in north India (see map of Garhwal). This four-horned ram leads a procession of priests and pilgrims on the most dangerous and spectacular pilgrimage in all of India: a three-week, barefoot journey of one-hundred and sixty-four miles, during some of the worst weather of the year, at the end of the rainy season. The procession reaches Rupkund, a small pond located at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, which is surrounded by human skeletons, and from there it goes yet further, to Homkund, the ‘Lake of the Fire Sacrifice’. According to the faithful, the four-horned ram leaves the procession at that point and finds its way, unaided, to the summit of Mount Trishul. As its name suggests, the Royal Procession is closely associated with the ruler of this erstwhile Himalayan kingdom: he attends its inaugural rituals, the bones that litter the shores of Rupkund are believed to be those of one of his ancestors, and the chief sponsor of the event is a local ‘Prince’ who is thought to be descended from the first kings of Garhwal. This Prince traverses the domain of his ancestors and thereby lays claim to it in the name of the goddess Nanda, who is not only his lineage goddess but was also the royal goddess of the neighbouring kingdom of Kumaon, in pre-colonial times. Although the Royal Procession ideally fosters social integration, it was disrupted in 1987 by a quarrel between two factions of priests. The goddess’s itinerary, the culminating date of the pilgrimage, the type of sacrifice to be performed, the order of procession, the participation of previously excluded persons, and the competency of certain ritual specialists—all were subjects of heated dispute between the rival groups. What was the reason for this quarrel? The whole idea of the Progress was to create unity, yet in the event they were torn apart by an acrimonious dispute. So why were they quarrelling if it was ‘only’ a ritual, a matter of mere symbols? Although we often distinguish between the realms of ‘politics’ and ‘ritual’, and although many social scientists would balk at the idea that they are one and the same, in many cases – as the author argues in this article – they pervade each other: ritual is politics and politics is ritual.
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Martin, Graham. "Self-Quarrelling Yeats." Critical Survey 11, no. 3 (January 1, 1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/001115799782483708.
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Simon, József. "Middle Ages on the Margins. Gábor Borbély: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy." Különbség 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/kulonbseg.2010.10.1.31.
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Middle Ages on the Margins. Gábor Borbély: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy. (Review)
Borbély Gábor: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy. Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó, 2008.
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Bricout, Shirley. "D. H. Lawrence and the Medusa: The Bible, Mythology, and Quarrelling Couples in the Leadership novels." Études Lawrenciennes, no. 49 (January 25, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lawrence.446.
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Cox, Richard J. "Messrs. Washington, Jefferson, and Gates: Quarrelling About the Preservation of the Documentary Heritage of the United States." First Monday 2, no. 8 (August 4, 1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/fm.v2i8.543.
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Asrori, Mohammad. "MENYINGKAP PERADABAN ISLAM KONTEMPORER DI ANAK BENUA INDIA." El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI), December 30, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/el.v0i0.438.
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Civilization and culture in the arm of the continent of India had<br />undergone the rise and fall since the colonialism era until the<br />independence day. It can be illustrated by the domination of political map which had existed since the arrival of foreign nation, especially England until they got their indepence. The condition of Indian society at that time was full of contradiction, religion coflicts, quarrelling, robbery, various race, certain group interest dominating, and etc. From this condition, it born many great islamic political figures like Syeh Ahmad Sirhindi, Shah Waliyullah and the next generation, Sayyid Ahmad Khan and the next generation, Indian Moslem League. Which finally made India and Pakistan Independence (1947 M) and Bangladesh’s (1971M). Next, these three countries, which are<br />the same in term of historical country have also various dynamic and sophisticated improvement of Islam.
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Bottoms, Timothy. "Defending the North: Frontline Cairns (1940-1946) - an historical overview." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the tropics 8 (August 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.8.0.2009.3429.
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The defence of Australia during the Second World War in the Pacific lay in the north of the continent: from Broome and Darwin to Cairns and Townsville. After the Japanese military swept through South East Asia, they were at Australia's backdoor. Initially, there was a quiet period where little appeared to be happening. Then a rapid build-up of Allied military strength began. Cairns, the closest city to the conflict; was only 1000 kms from Port Moresby and Papua New Guinea, and the war that raged in the Coral Sea and Melanesia. The hostilities were closer to the people of Cairns than their State capital, Brisbane, 1800 kms to the south. Roads, bridges, airfields and port facilities had to be greatly improved. All this and trying to keep Allied soldiers from quarrelling - the scene was set for the transformation of the sleepy tropical township of Cairns, where sugar, tourism and fishing held sway, to a busy centre converting to a forward base for the defence of the nation.
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"The personality of Isaac Newton." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 49, no. 1 (January 31, 1995): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1995.0001.
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In conversation with Mr Conduitt a little before his death, Sir Isaac said: I do not know what I may appear to the world; but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy, playing on the sea-shore, and diverting myself, in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me. 1 This life of apparent serenity was, however, far from the truth, for Newton is well known to have had a most complex and difficult personality. William Whiston (1667-1752), Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge, who became Newton’s deputy in the Lucasian chair of mathematics at Cambridge in 1701, wrote of him that he had ‘the most fearful, cautious, and suspicious Temper, that I ever knew.’ 2 And John Flamsteed, F.R.S. (1646-1719), a member of Jesus College, Cambridge, who was appointed first Astronomer Royal by Charles II in 1675, declared after quarrelling with Newton, that he was ‘insidious, ambitious, and excessively covetous of praise, and impatient of contradiction’. 3 According to Frank E. Manuel, writing in 1968, in the 1690s Newton ‘broke with his friends, crawled into a comer, accused his intimates of plotting against him, and reported conversations that never took place.’ 4
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Phuntsho, Sonam, Tashi Dendup, I. Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra, Mongal Singh Gurung, Dorji Pelzom, and Neyzang Wangmo. "Correlates of intimate partner violence in Bhutan: Evidence from the 2012 National Health Survey." Journal of Health Research ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (January 7, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhr-01-2020-0012.
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PurposeThis paper is to examine the factors associated with partner violence (IPV) in Bhutan.Design/methodology/approachThe nationally representative National Health Survey data conducted in 2012 was used. The survey included 12,210 women aged 15–75 years. Multiple logistic regression accounting for complex survey design was performed to assess the possible association of the putative factors with physical, sexual, psychological and any IPV experienced in the past 12 months before the survey.FindingsAlcohol consumption, quarrelling habits and extramarital relationships of husbands/partners were associated with the experience of all types and any IPV. Women performing household chores had increased odds of sexual and any IPV, and those whose husbands had low education levels were more likely to experience physical IPV. Women living in households with >9 members had reduced odds of physical and any IPV. Women married to older husbands/partners were less likely to be psychologically abused. Women from poorer wealth quintiles and who married before reaching 18 years of age also had greater odds of any IPV.Originality/valuePoor relationship quality, alcohol use, household size, low education, early marriage, poor wealth status and husband’s age were factors associated with one or more types of IPV in Bhutan. Interventions to reduce alcohol use, transform social norms, promote healthy relationships and enhance female empowerment through socio-economic programs may help prevent IPV.
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Forsberg, Hannele. "Paheksuntaimperatiivi – affektinen lausekonstruktio." Virittäjä 123, no. 1 (March 20, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.23982/vir.59164.
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Artikkelissa tarkastellaan yhtä imperatiivin prototyyppisestä poikkeavaa käyttötapaa, jolla ilmaistaan kielteistä suhtautumista puhuteltavan toimintaa kohtaan. Esimerkiksi äidin lapsilleen lausuma repikää nyt se mun hame siinä ilmaisee paheksuntaa ja varoittaa samalla toiminnan ei-toivotuista seurauksista. Käyttötapaa nimitetään paheksuntaimperatiiviksi, ja sen osoitetaan olevan itsenäinen affektinen lausekonstruktio. Artikkelin yleisempänä tavoitteena on näyttää imperatiivin käyttötapojen moninaisuus ja sen hienojakoinen konstruktioituminen.
Tutkimuksen teoreettinen lähestymistapa on konstruktionaalinen ja vuorovaikutuslingvistinen. Artikkeli perustuu noin 90 esiintymän aineistoon, joka on koottu monenlaisista puhutun ja kirjoitetun kielen lähteistä, muiden muassa murrearkistoista, haastattelulitteraatioista, puheesta tehdyistä muistiinpanoista, kaunokirjallisuudesta ja internetistä. Paheksuntaimperatiivi on yleiskielessä harvinainen; sen alueellinen tausta on aineiston perusteella itä- ja pohjalaismurteissa.
Aineiston esiintymiä analysoidaan muodon ja merkityksen kannalta vuorovaikutuskonteksti huomioon ottaen. Paheksuntaimperatiivin itsenäisen konstruktiostatuksen osoittamiseksi sitä vertaillaan myös eräisiin sen lähikonstruktioihin, esimerkiksi imperatiivimuotoisiin kieltoihin ja uhkauksiin. Paheksuntaimperatiivilla on monia rakenteellisia ja semanttisia ominaispiirteitä, kuten tietyt partikkelit, affektiset verbit ja verbirakenteet. Se voidaan muodostaa myös verbeistä, jotka eivät ilmaise tahdonalaista toimintaa.
Tyypilliseen imperatiivin käyttöön paheksuntaimperatiivin yhdistää toimintaa ohjaileva tehtävä ja lausuman suuntaaminen tietylle vastaanottajalle tietyssä tilanteessa. Direktiivisyys jää kuitenkin taka-alalle. Vaikka konstruktiolla voidaan pyrkiä keskeyttämään meneillään oleva toiminta, puhuteltavat tulkitsevat lausumat ennen kaikkea toimintaansa kohdistuviksi moitteiksi. Affektin voimakkuus vaihtelee tilannekontekstista riippuen; yleensä se on hyvin vahva. Paheksuntaimperatiivia käytetään muun muassa perheenjäsenten välisissä keskusteluissa ja niiden fiktiivisissä kuvauksissa, esimerkiksi varoitettaessa lapsia tai riideltäessä, sekä kirjoitetuissa verkkokeskusteluissa, joissa anonyymit osallistujat arvostelevat toistensa toimintaa.
The reproachful imperative as affective construction
This article examines a non-prototypical use of the Finnish imperative: an affective clause construction displaying a negative stance towards the action performed by the addressee. An example of this is a mother’s utterance to her children repikää nyt se mun hame siinä (‘go on, tear my skirt there’), which indicates that she strongly disapproves of the action; simultaneously she may be signalling potential, undesirable consequences. The author terms the above construction the ‘Reproachful Imperative’. The broader aim of the article is to demonstrate the variety of imperative clause types and their constructionalisation.
The theoretical framework of the study shares many assumptions with Construction Grammar and Interactional Linguistics. The study is based on empirical data from spoken and written language consisting of approximately 90 instantiations of the construction. The data has been gathered from dialect archives, interview transcriptions, field notes taken by individual researchers, fictive dialogue in novels, and the internet. The ‘Reproachful Imperative’ is rare in Standard Finnish. It is mostly used in Eastern dialects and in the dialects of Ostrobothnia.
In analysing the data in conversational contexts, both form and meaning are examined. In order to demonstrate that the ‘Reproachful Imperative’ has the status of an independent construction, the author compares it with various closely related imperative constructions, such as prohibitions and threats. The ‘Reproachful Imperative’ is characterised by several structural and semantic features, e.g. particles, affective verbs and verb constructions, and the possibility of formation from verbs expressing an un-controllable action.
The use of the ‘Reproachful Imperative’ resembles the prototypical directive use of the imperative in that it is directed to a specific addressee in a specific situation. However, the directivity of the imperative is not emphasised when using the construction. Although it may be used to stop the on-going activity, the recipients interpret the utterances primarily as a reproach. The strength of the affective stance varies depending on the context; it is usually very strong. A typical context in which the construction is used is in conversations between family members – spouses quarrelling with each other or parents warning and reproaching their children. In written online discussions the construction is used by anonymous participants who criticise each other’s acts
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Træen, Bente. "Hva påvirker krangling og slåssing i drikkesituasjoner? En sammenlignende studie av Oslos generelle befolkning og kafégjester i Oslo." Norsk Epidemiologi 6, no. 1 (October 14, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/nje.v6i1.334.
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<strong><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">sAMMENDRAG</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">Formålet med denne studien er, med utgangspunkt i to ulike materialer, å beskrive negative konsekvenser av eget</p><p align="left">alkoholbruk. Hva predikerer at urbane mennesker angrer på noe de har sagt eller gjort, kommer opp i krangel eller</p><p align="left">havner i slåsskamp under alkoholpåvirkning, og er det forskjeller i så henseende mellom de som er mye og lite</p><p align="left">eksponert for andre mennesker når de drikker? I det såkalte kafégjestmaterialet ble data innhentet ved hjelp av</p><p align="left">spørreskjemaer besvart av 1053 gjester på 41 offentlige skjenkesteder i Oslo. I tillegg er det benyttet data fra et</p><p align="left">representativt utvalg av 297 personer i Oslo (Osloutvalget). Resultatene viste at andelen som rapporterte negative</p><p align="left">erfaringer i samband med eget alkoholbruk var høyere i kafégjestmaterialet enn i Osloutvalget. I begge</p><p align="left">materialene rapporterte yngre respondenter oftere enn eldre at de hadde angret på noe de hadde sagt eller gjort,</p><p align="left">kranglet med noen og kommet opp i slagsmål. Å angre på noe sagt eller gjort hadde ingen sammenheng med</p><p align="left">antallet timer tilbrakt ukentlig på kaféer i materialene. Blant kafégjestene, men ikke blant Oslofolk generelt, hadde</p><p align="left">antall timer tilbrakt ukentlig på kaféer sammenheng med å ha kranglet og å ha slåss med noen i en drikkesituasjon.</p><p align="left">Å havne i slåsskamp eller håndgripeligheter hadde sammenheng med antallet timer tilbrakt ukentlig på kaféer i</p><p align="left">begge materialene. Korrelasjonen mellom antall dager med hardere drikkeepisoder på kafé, og antall timer</p><p align="left">ukentlig på kafé, var sterk både i Osloutvalget og i kafégjestmaterialet. Det er sannsynlig at det er hardere</p><p align="left">drikking på utesteder som er avgjørende for å krangle eller slåss med noen i beruset tilstand, og ikke det å</p><p align="left">tilbringe tid på utesteder per se. Dette tyder på at større offentlig innsats for å kontrollere at de bestemmelsene</p><p align="left">som gjelder for offentlig skjenking av alkohol overholdes, kan redusere voldsnivået på skjenkestedene.</p><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">Træen B.</p></span></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></span><p align="left"><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">What influences quarrelling and fighting in drinking situations? A comparative study of the<strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><p align="left">general population in Oslo and caféguests in Oslo.</p></span></span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><p align="left"> </p></span></strong></span></strong><em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT;">Nor J Epidemiol </span></span></em><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">1996; </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">6 </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;">(1): 61-68.</span></span></p><p align="left"><strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT;">ENGLISH SUMMARY</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">The aim of this study is to describe self reported negative consequences of alcohol consumption during the past 12</p><p align="left">months in two different samples of urban Norwegians. Which variables predict having regretted something said or</p><p align="left">done, having quarrelled and/or fought with someone under the influence of alcohol among urban people, and are</p><p align="left">there differences in this respect between persons who are little and much exposed to others in their drinking</p><p align="left">situations? In 1991 a comprehensive questionnaire survey was undertaken among visitors to 41 licensed premises</p><p align="left">in Oslo. A total of 1053 guests to the different premises filled in and returned the questionnaire (the caféguest</p><p align="left">sample). Data from a representative sample of 297 adult persons from Oslo were available for comparison (the</p><p align="left">Oslo sample). The results showed that the percentage of respondent who reported having experienced negative</p><p align="left">consequences in connection with their own drinking, was higher in the caféguest sample than in the Oslo sample.</p><p align="left">In both samples, younger respondents reported negative consequences more often than older respondents. There</p><p align="left">was no relationship between number of hours spent weekly in licensed premises and having regretted something</p><p align="left">said or done under the influence of alcohol in either sample. In the caféguest sample, but not in the Oslo sample,</p><p align="left">the number of hours spent weekly in licensed premises was related to having quarrelled with someone in a</p><p align="left">drinking situation. There was a relationship between number of hours spent weekly in licensed premises and</p><p align="left">having fought with someone under the influence of alcohol in both samples. The correlation between number of</p><p align="left">days during the past month with more "heavy" drinking in public drinking places, and number of hours spent</p><p align="left">weekly in licensed premises, was strong in both samples. Therefore, it seems likely that it is "heavy" drinking in</p><p align="left">public drinking places that is of importance for experiencing negative consequences of drinking, and not spending</p><p>time in licensed premises per se.</p></span></span></p>