Academic literature on the topic 'Quarries and quarrying'

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Journal articles on the topic "Quarries and quarrying"

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Wambua, Agnes, James Chege, and Amos Ngira. "BIO-PHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF QUARRYING ACTIVITIES IN SELECTED QUARRIES IN TEZO WARD-KILIFI COUNTY." International Journal of Environmental Sciences 4, no. 1 (August 16, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1341.

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Purpose: Using a Systems’ Approach, this study explores what aspects are essential for stone quarries to adopt a functional environmental management plan and whether compliance with environmental laws enhances business performance. The specific objectives of the study were: To evaluate the bio-physical effects of quarrying activities in selected quarries in Tezo ward and to evaluate the socio-economic effects of quarrying activities in selected quarries in Tezo ward. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey design; the research data collection instrument was questionnaires. The study adopted purposive sampling; a survey of 134 respondents representing 80 quarry workers, 40 quarry owners, 10 EIA Experts, 3 NEMA staff and 1 County geologist were sampled purposively. Weighted and the Consolidated Scores were entered on Microsoft Excel for cleaning and later transferred to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) for statistical analyses. Data was presented inform of graphs, pie-charts, tables and narration in the thematic areas. Findings: The study found out that there were health and ecological problems associated with quarrying. The application of heavy quarrying machines resulted to soil erosion, destruction of flora and threatens biodiversity aesthetic. The study revealed that quarrying was a source for livelihood among the community and more men (90%) were involved in quarrying due to masculinity nature of the task. EMPs were found to be significant in management of quarries. The development of EMPs and EIA was influenced by different actors and informal sector was a significant influencer of EMPs implementation. The study concluded that EMPs were effective in management of quarries despite varied challenges facing the NEMA official and the EIA experts. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends the need for transparency in the EIA as well as in the development of EMPs, to avoid discrimination and non-adherence. Further research is needed to understand the perception of community members on the effectiveness of EMPs in sustainable management of quarries and environment in general.
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Tziligkaki, Eleni. "Quarrying the coasts of Crete in antiquity; some geoarchaeological considerations." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 53, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.18999.

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The paper discusses three aspects of coastal quarrying in the island of Crete, Aegean Sea, Greece; issues of chronology in regard to the Mean Sea Level in antiquity, issues of ancient technology, and issues of local marble extraction. A series of violent seismic events, the most known being the so-called Early Byzantine Tectonic Paroxysm, affected the morphology of the coastline of Crete, the coastal quarries of which are today either uplifted or sunken. Quarries of aeolianite/sandstone, limestone, marble, and beach rock are related to adjacent rock-cut fish tanks and ship sheds. Traces of the ancient exploitation such as the circular holes observed in the coastal quarries are differentiated according to their dimensions and their natural or manmade form. A preliminary report of a new site, a white marble quarry at Istron (Gulf of Merambello, eastern Crete), is added to the white marble quarries of the area and correlated with the graffiti inscribed on the islet of Prasonēsi or Vryonēsi.
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Tran, Bao Dinh, Trong Dinh Vu, Viet Van Pham, Tuan Anh Nguyen, An Dinh Nguyen, and Giang Huong Thi Le. "Developing a mathematical model to optimize long - term quarrying planing for limestone quarries producing cement in Vietnam." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 5 (October 10, 2020): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.ktlt2020.05.

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Mathematical model researches in optimizing long - term quarrying planning for limestone quarries supplying to the cememt factories have not been popular in Vietnam. The paper shows a mathematical model based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming as well as effective method to cope with long - term quarrying planning for the quarries. Techniques grouping block cells into a mining room and decision variable elimination techniques was employed to reduce the size of the problem. This enable to form an optimal method with proper time. The model and the algorithm are an effective tool to conduct a long - term planning for the quarries, enabling to supply the quatity and quality enough of raw materials to the factory. The model was demonstrated and practically evaluated when being applied and compared with one of the popularly commercial sofwares in mine schedule, GEOVIA Mines.
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Shaw, Ian. "Pharaonic quarrying and mining: settlement and procurement in Egypt's marginal regions." Antiquity 68, no. 258 (March 1994): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0004624x.

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Across the rocky landscapes of Egypt lies evidence for pharaonic quarrying and mining; fresh fieldwork at neglected sites, such as the Hatnub travertine quarries and the Wadi el-Hudi amethyst mines, now tells us more. The surviving remains of quarrying and mining settlements suggest subtle adaptations in versatile response to changing economic and geographical parameters.
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Ozcelik, Mehmet. "Environmental effects of marble quarry operations in Burdur Lake Basin (Burdur-Turkey)." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 10, no. 3 (April 1, 2023): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2023.103.4517.

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Marble is the most important natural material because of its structural features and its long durability. It is mined at operated quarries on hill slopes. The original landform is permanently altered, and vegetation cover is destroyed. Another important feature of marble quarries is the large amount of waste materials released during the quarrying process. In the last decades, together with the visible effects of global warming and climate change, fresh water resources are rapidly depleted and polluted due to careless land use. Quarrying operations are among the most important stakeholders of this process. Environmental effects of quarry activities depend on the location of the site in the landscape, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the excavation, the methods used to excavate the marble, and the formation of the geological structure. Furthermore, the region's seismicity, microclimate conditions, ecological condition, and surface and groundwater conditions are all factors influencing environmental degradation. Additionally, numerous serious environmental impacts associated with quarrying activities near the site, such as visual pollution, water, dust, noise, air pollution, vibration, land subsidence, and landslides, will cause health issues and unpredictable biodiversity loss. Quarrying operations have the potential to impact pre-existing ecosystems, including groundwater depletion, loss of fertile topsoil, forest degradation, and human health. This article aims to draw attention to various serious environmental impacts, health problems and biodiversity loss resulting from quarrying operations in Burdur Lake Basin.
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Moeletsi, R. S., and S. G. Tesfamichael. "ASSESSING LAND COVER CHANGES CAUSED BY GRANITE QUARRYING USING REMOTE SENSING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W2 (November 16, 2017): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w2-119-2017.

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Dimension stone quarrying in the area between Rustenburg and Brits in the North West Province of South Africa has been in existence for over 70 decades. The unique characteristics of the granite deposits in South Africa resulted in making the country a global producer of the granite rocks. This led to intensified quarrying activities between Rustenburg and Brits town. However, this surface mining method, has a potential to impact the environment in a negative way causing loss in vegetation, depletion of natural resources, loss of scenic beauty and contamination of surface water resources. To assess the land cover changes caused by granite quarrying activities, remotely sensed data in the form of Landsat images between 1998 and 2015 were used. Supervised classification was used to create maps. Accuracy assessment using Google Earth<sup>TM</sup> as a reference data yielded an overall accuracy of 78&amp;thinsp;%. The post classification change detection method was used to assess land cover changes within the granite quarries. Granite quarries increased by 1174.86 ha while formation of quarry lakes increased to 5.3 ha over the 17-year period. Vegetation cover decreased by 1308 ha in area while 18.3 ha bare land was lost during the same period. This study demonstrated the utility of remote sensing to detect changes in land cover within granite quarries.
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Beranová, Lucie, Martin Balej, and Pavel Raška. "Assessing the geotourism potential of abandoned quarries with multitemporal data (České Středohoří Mts., Czechia)." GeoScape 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geosc-2017-0008.

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AbstractQuarrying represents a major human impact on the landscape. The positive effects of quarrying have also been appreciated over the last several decades and concern the role of quarries as sites with the potential for geoscientific education and geotourism. In this paper we present a procedure for establishing a multitemporal database of abandoned quarries and their multicriterial assessment in order to determine sites suitable for geotourism purposes. The case of the České středohoří Protected Landscape Area in Northern Czechia is used, as an example of conflicting interest between nature conservation and intense quarrying. Using the combination of old maps and current orthophotomaps, we identified 80 (mid-19th Century), 57 (mid-20th Century) and 38 (2007) quarries. 104 of them were further evaluated according to criteria of scientific and educational value and ‘potential use’ value (visibility, accessibility and extent). This process enabled to determine sites with the highest suitability for geotourism purposes. Finally, we discuss management context for these sites, and possible threats to the sites caused by increased geotourism.
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Albayrak, Tamer, and Tamer Yılmaz. "The Taurus Mountains, the Hotspot of Western Palearctic Biodiversity, Is in Danger: Marble Quarries Affect Wildlife." Diversity 16, no. 5 (April 30, 2024): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16050267.

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The Taurus Mountains in the Mediterranean Coastal Basin, considered a biodiversity hotspot, have a rich biodiversity in the Western Palearctic. The number of marble quarries in the Taurus Mountains has dramatically expanded over the past ten years. The objectives of this study are to (i) determine the impacts of quarrying on wildlife and (ii) determine the potential impacts of quarrying on the future of Taurus. A total of 57,547 photos and video images were analyzed on 5447 photo-trap days in two areas, the marble quarries and the control areas. Using 97 randomly selected marble quarries, the area they cover and their annual growth rates were determined. The most commonly seen animals were the wolf (Canis lupus), fox (Vulpes vulpes), lynx (Lynx lynx), and wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the control area, and the jackal (Canis aureus) and hare (Lepus europaeus) in the marble quarries (p < 0.001). Additionally, we found a significant positive correlation between the distance from the geographical center of the marble quarries and the number of dates of wolf, fox and wild boar sightings, with a significant negative correlation for hares (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the area of marble quarries and the duration of operation (R = 0.89, p < 0.00). The waste from quarries, which makes up 79.7% of the total land used for this purpose, is the greatest cause of habitat degradation. According to calculations, even if no new marble quarries are built as of right now, 7.14% of the Taurus Mountains may have disappeared by the year 2027, and by the year 2032, 8.25% of the Taurus ecosystems may have disappeared completely. The Taurus Mountains, a center of Western Palearctic biodiversity, are being threatened by marble quarries. This study advances our knowledge of how marble quarries may affect wildlife. New strategies must be developed as soon as possible to protect the Taurus Mountains, the hotspot of the Mediterranean basin.
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Al-Anweh, Ahmed M., Mohammed Ibrahim El-Anbaawy, Mohamed Mahmmoud Abu-Zeid, and Ibrahim Al-Akhaly. "Geological Complications and Environmental Hazards of the Cement Raw Materials Quarry Sites in Yemen." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 28, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.53539/squjs.vol28iss1pp53-76.

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Extensive field and site investigations were conducted to assess and evaluate the situation in the presently exploited quarries of cement raw materials in Yemen. These quarries have several geological complications represented mainly by high elevations, steep slopes, rugged topography, heterogeneity in bed thickness, lithologic composition and quality, presence of igneous sills and dykes, intensive fracturing and jointing and abundance of karstification features. Moreover, the processes of quarrying and related operations have several negative environmental impacts the most important of which are soil failure, overburden and land sliding, toppling and rock falls (which result in considerable mass wasting) and emission of dust and noise. Generally, quarrying operations are more hazardous in quarries of gypsum and basement rocks than in those of carbonates and volcanics. Furthermore, the quarries have problems related to the conservation of natural resources. These are represented primarily by the excavation of the valuable agricultural and reclaimed lands and improper exploitation of the cement raw materials and the fresh and underground waters the reserves of which decreased drastically. To deal with the above-mentioned problems, a number of recommendations are outlined. They comprise mitigation measures which must be strictly implemented. Also, it is of almost importance to conduct prospecting for new occurrences of the presently exploited cement raw materials and their possible substitutes as well as additional groundwater resources.
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Paoletti, Matteo, Vincenzo Piscopo, Chiara Sbarbati, and Antonino Scarelli. "Categorization of the Potential Impact of Italian Quarries on Water Resources through a Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding-Based Model." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (March 28, 2024): 2804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072804.

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Quarrying has great importance for economic development and, at the same time, can have several adverse environmental impacts; specifically, it may have a significant influence on water resources. There are approximately 4000 quarries in Italy, and knowledge of their potential impact on water resources is limited. To this end, a procedure for categorizing Italian quarries was devised by combining the methods of Geographic Information Systems and Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding, selecting the potentially impactful criteria, and parametrizing the latter through the available databases. Using the ELECTRE models (ELECTRE TRI and ELECTRE III), the impact category of each quarry was assessed separately for surface water and groundwater and then the overall impact on water resources was assessed. The simulations were carried out by varying the weights of the various selected criteria, which allowed the grouping of Italian quarries into five categories with increasing potential impact on water resources. The ranking of quarries falling into the two highest-impact categories was further refined using ascending and descending distillations. The categorization can be interpreted as a first national assessment of the sustainability of quarrying activities with reference to water resources. The methodological approach of the study proved to be appropriate for the quarry-sorting and -ranking processes, lending itself to the introduction of other criteria and weights, including those arising from the participation of different stakeholders.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quarries and quarrying"

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Spires, Thomas Bennett. "An historical geography of the British quarrying industry, c.1850-1950." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248810.

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This thesis presents an historical geography of the British quarrying industry, c.1850- c.1950. During this time of significant spatial and structural change in British industry, the quarrying industry was important as an industry which achieved a dramatically increased level and value of output, was an important employer, and was highly significant in terms of supplying the raw materials required for industrialisation and urbanisation. Despite this, there is no existing account of overall spatial and structural change in this industrial sector for this period. The literature on this period comprises only isolated case studies of particular quarrying industries or firms. This thesis thus makes a contribution to knowledge in three key areas. First, it undertakes a description and evaluation of the sources available for the study of the quarrying industry. In particular it focuses on the neglected official statistics of the quarrying industry, outlining their nature and limitations and illustrating how they offer a unique insight into an industrial sector in this period, providing as they do, a systematic record of change at the county ani national level from 1895-1948. Second, after outlining the nature of the quarrying industry in the mid-nineteenth century, the thesis uses these statistics to present an analysis of change in the key characteristics of the industry, i.e. level and value of output, labour, number of firms and quarries between 1895-1948. The overall pattern for the quarrying industry is one of a dramatically increasing level and value of output, but a decrease in labour, firms and quarries. Thus the national picture is one of rationalisation to increase output, particularly rnsociated with mechanisation and the amalgamation of firms. Third, for the period 1895-1948 an analysis is presented of the spatial location of quarry production, and of the spatial variation in structural change within the industry, i.e. in output, employment and number of firms and quarries. This allows the identification of the spatial dynamics of change in the industry. A complex picture is revealed of how the dramatic increase in output was achieved by different regional dynamics, with spatial variation in the restructuring oflabour, number of firms and quarries.
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Bullock, John C. "Improved quarry design using deterministic and probabilistic techniques /." This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020144/.

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Wong, Pui-man Stevie. "Quarry Triathlon human reclamation at Mt Butler /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42664408.

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Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes special report study entitled: Slope protection : principles and techniques. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.
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Fitzpatrick, Scott M. "Stones of the butterfly : an archaeological investigation of Yapese stone money quarries in Palau, western Caroline Islands, Micronesia /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095245.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 347-375). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Haycocks, Scott Gavin. "Mining and environmental factors in selecting an underground versus a quarry mining system." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020049/.

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Tai, Kai-wai Thomas. "Ecological restoration and urban frige park development at Anderson Road Quarry." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42664391.

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Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes special report study entitled: Ecological restoration and tree species selection of quarry. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.
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Diersen, Christopher John. "Archaeological analysis of bedded-chert lithic procurement at the Warsaw Quarries, Coshocton County, Ohio." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1014792.

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The Warsaw Quarries of Coshocton County, Ohio, virtually ignored since Holmes' landmark papers of 1919, are investigated to achieve several goals: 1) to create a revised general typology of the material culture of bedded-chert lithic procurement sites; 2) to demonstrate that the occurrence of radiocarbon samples at lithic procurement sites is the norm rather than the exception; 3) to clarify the nature of activity at the site through a synthesis of functional and attribute analyses of material recovered from a peripheral spoils ridge; 4) to demonstrate that data collected at procurement sites by surface collection constitutes an insufficient database for analysis; 5) to test an hypothesis that the presumed absence of classic site elements (stratigraphy, diagnostic artifacts, dateable material) is incorrect. Since the completion of late 19`h and early 20`h century work in the field, analysis of quarry sites in North America has been limited to sporadic and usually very subject-specific research. By neglecting to evaluate the overall nature and function of lithic procurement sites, recent work has relegated lithic procurement to a sub-field of only secondary interest to archaeologists.
Department of Anthropology
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Arakawa, Fumiyasu. "Lithic raw material procurement and the social landscape in the Central Mesa Verde Region, A.D. 600-1300." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2006/f_arakawa_121206.pdf.

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Bullock, John C. "Improved quarry design using deterministic and probablistic techniques." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45607.

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Limestone and dolomite quarries were mapped to determine specific slope failure mechanisms for the various geological and structural conditions. Wedge failure and plane failure were determined to be the most influential mechanisms. Algorithms for analyzing these mechanisms were incorporated into the software package PSLOPE. The program is designed to facilitate progressive stability evaluation of quarry high walls as mining continues and permits calculation of safety factors and probabilistic reliability. Safety factor evaluations with the potential for back-analysis and sensitivity studies are included to investigate alternative high wall designs. Reliability analysis using Monte Carlo sampling minimizes uncertainty and allows the use of all available data in a stability evaluation. E~tensive "help" menus are incorporated into the program. The "help" menus include ranges of physical properties such as cohesion and friction angle for specific lithologic units determined from published research. This package includes an optimum design protocol that can be followed to avoid massive failure. The program was developed in conjunction with the quarry industry and is demonstrated through technical problem solving and a detailed case study. A large carbonate quarry in the eastern U.S. was studied in detail to demonstrate the utility of PSLOPE.
Master of Science
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Yeung, Man-chin, and 楊文展. "A stone memorial park : a temporal quarryscape in Lei Yue Mun." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196539.

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This thesis is mainly about how we read city as whole. City is a simple word with extremely complex information that interacts to each other. City is where we live. Though this thesis will not be in touch with some deeper topics about city, we can still read city in an unusual way. And this is the purpose for this thesis.
published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture
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Books on the topic "Quarries and quarrying"

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H, Dutton A., ed. Handbook on quarrying. 5th ed. [Adelaide]: Dept. of Mines and Energy, South Australia, 1993.

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Muwowo, Paul. Quarrying in Lusaka: Opportunities and threats. [Lusaka?: s.n., 2000.

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Clarke, B. R. Bath stone quarries and their tramways. Bath: B.R. Clarke, 1991.

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White, T. E. The use of explosives in quarrying. Nottingham: Institute of Quarrying, 1995.

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International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (15th 2006 Lisbon, Portugal). Megalithic quarrying: Sourcing, extracting and manipulating the stones. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2009.

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International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (15th 2006 Lisbon, Portugal). Megalithic quarrying: Sourcing, extracting and manipulating the stones. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2009.

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Christopher, Scarre, and International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences., eds. Megalithic quarrying: Sourcing, extracting and manipulating the stones. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2009.

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Mendekeev, R. A. Sostoi︠a︡nie i perspektivy razvitii︠a︡ kamnedobyvai︠u︡shcheĭ promyshlennosti Kyrgyzstana. Bishkek: Ilim, 2006.

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Salvianti, Carlo, and Elena Maria Petrini. Il Magno Cecero: Il parco della pietra serena a Fiesole. Fiesole, Italy]: Comune di Fiesole, 2001.

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Assembly, Wales National, ed. Cronfa gynaliadwyedd yr ardoll agregau ar gyfer Cymru =: The aggregates levy sustainability fund for Wales. Cardiff: Welsh Assembly Government, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Quarries and quarrying"

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"8. Quarries and Quarrying." In Constantinople to Córdoba, 237–55. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004229273_010.

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"Who Controlled the Quarries?" In Quarrying in Western Norway, 120–41. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43j4p.10.

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"4. Meroitic quarrying." In The Quarries of Meroe, Sudan, 20–54. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/uclq.2018.9789927118876.ch4.

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"Archaeological Investigations of Quarries at Hyllestad." In Quarrying in Western Norway, 33–74. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43j4p.7.

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Poehler, Eric E. "The Quarry Areas of Insulae VIII.7 and I.1." In The Porta Stabia Neighborhood at Pompeii Volume I, 417—C19P50. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192866943.003.0029.

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Abstract Quarrying at the Porta Stabia neighborhood consisted of two primary activities: the extraction of lava stone bedrock and the excavation, usually in pits, of the yellow ash associated with the Mercato eruption of Vesuvius. This latter material was used in the production of mortar, and it was quarried extensively in and around the buildings of the neighborhood. In fact, most phases of construction or reconstruction included the quarrying of yellow ash, even within enclosed rooms. This chapter provides an overview of the quarries encountered during the excavation at Insulae VIII.7 and I.1, tracing the relationship between the recovered quarrying areas and the construction of the standing buildings, many of which were built from locally procured materials.
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Hirt, Alfred Michael. "Mining and Quarrying Districts." In Imperial Mines and Quarries in the Roman World, 48–106. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572878.003.0003.

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"Archaeological Investigations of the Quarries of Ølve and Hatlestrand." In Quarrying in Western Norway, 75–104. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43j4p.8.

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Schmidt-Colinet, Andreas. "A Note on Quarries and Textiles in Palmyra." In The Oxford Handbook of Palmyra, 567–78. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190858117.013.5.

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Abstract The limestone quarries situated about 15 km north-east of Palmyra supplied the material for almost all the sculptures and buildings in the ancient city. The quarries give information about the ancient infrastructure of working life there. Caves were reused as as living quarters. The water supply was delivered by a system of channels and cisterns laid out over the entire area. The so-called ‘dragon houses’ were used as shelters for guards, and for storing equipment. Various quarrying techniques may be reconstructed and dated by the various tool marks left on the quarry walls and by the different sizes of the columns. The main change in technique may be dated to the first half of the second century, that is, parallel to the building boom in Palmyra during this period. Thus, an interdependency and correlation between the mentality of constructing buildings at Palmyra and the development of new methods of quarrying may be confirmed.
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Hirt, Alfred Michael. "Imperial Mining and Quarrying Administration: A Conclusion." In Imperial Mines and Quarries in the Roman World, 357–69. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572878.003.0009.

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Arnold, Dieter. "Other Building Activities." In Building in Egypt, 211–50. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195063509.003.0006.

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Abstract Digging shafts and tunnels in the bedrock was routine work for the Egyptian workmen, who were experienced with cutting underground tombs or quarrying stone from underground quarries since the Second Dynasty. Because working in sandstone and limestone presented no difficulties for Egyptian masons and all known tombs and shafts were dug in these relatively soft stones, the problem was actually not cutting the stone but preventing its collapse due to cracks or the presence of softer strata of desert conglomerate, shales, or even sand. In order to penetrate these dangerous strata, the upper sections of tomb shafts or entrance corridors had to be cased with brick walls and vaults.
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Conference papers on the topic "Quarries and quarrying"

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Nicolini, Elvira, Antonella Mamì, and Eleonora Caleca. "Favignana bio-calcarenite: technological culture, knowledge and recovery." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14854.

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Favignana Island, the biggest one among Egadi islands, is well known for its deposits of calcarenite, which has been extracted and used since ancient times. The landscape of the Island is shaped by the widespread presence of quarries that mark the seaside as well. Furthermore, the constant presence of dry-stone walls, made of calcarenite, and of the characteristic architecture of buildings, represents a hallmark for the rest of Egadi islands as well, making it clear how important the presence of this material has been for the architectural and technological culture of these places.Calcarenite itself, exported by this island, is still a constituent material of many buildings in the western part of Sicily, in particular the prestigious buildings of the Baroque period. The presence of calcarenite, while notably all other construction materials, including timber, are absent, has meant that all the construction elements, indoor and outdoor, as well as all settlement types, have been affected by the almost exclusive use of calcarenite, the quarrying methods and the craftsmen’s skills that inevitably derived from this context. Today, masonries, vaults, floors, roofs and all other elements show specific solutions that strongly characterize the buildings and the urban and rural landscape of the island.However, despite the constructive relevance of any elements or entire buildings, the touristic exploitation of the Egadi archipelago has brought to the replacement of buildings, or elements, as well as to a wrong and weak activity of building recovery. The reinterpretation of claddings and exposed masonry, and the replacement of original floors with concrete floors are just some of the many inappropriate interventions. In terms of typologies and morphological models, the study that we present has also dealt with the development of more adequate and relevant intervention techniques and repairs.
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PANCANI, Giovanni. "Integrated Digital Documentation for Conservation, the Case Study of the Torre deli Upezzinghi Called Caprona, in Vicopisano (PI) Italy." In Mediterranean Architectural Heritage. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903117-14.

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Abstract. Located on the Rocky Promontory overlooking the town of Caprona, the Upezzinghi Tower is a 19th-century reconstruction of a watchtower that once served the ancient castle, which existed in the mid-11th century and was destroyed by the Florentines in 1433. The hill on which it stands has been gradually eroded due to stone quarrying, significantly altering the landscape around Caprona. Until the mid of the last century, the rocky promontory was still substantially intact, and the remains of the medieval fortress could be identified beneath the tower. However, at its base, the remains of the medieval tower's foundation are still visible. The structure is currently in an advanced state of architectural decay, and the extraction of stone material has been so aggressive that the quarry's limit has come within about 50 cm of the tower's profile. The small square-shaped building appears to be smaller than the one demolished in 1433 since measurements at the base of the current tower have confirmed one side to be approximately 4.50 meters, while the remains of the medieval tower had a side of about 5.00 meters. Digital surveying has been carried out for the preservation and conservation of the tower, which is in urgent need of restoration. TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) and UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems) tools were used with multiple acquisitions that were subsequently compared and calibrated, using the laser scanner point cloud as a reference. The maximum misalignment error of the TLS point cloud was within a maximum range of 0.015 meters. The delivery of the survey results, considering the modest size of the structure, was performed at a 1:20 scale.
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