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1
Rosiers, Nathalie Des. "From Québec Veto to Québec Secession: The Evolution of the Supreme Court of Canada on Québec-Canada Disputes." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 13, no. 2 (July 2000): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900000382.
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The Supreme Court of Canada has changed its approach in dealing with the complex symbolic issues surrounding Quebec’s role in the Canadian constitution as shown in two decisions: The Quebec Veto Reference (1982) and the Quebec Secession Reference (1998). This paper argues that, in the matter of Quebec/Canada disputes, the court should, as they did in the second decision, see themselves more as a forum for public debate than as simply a place for rule imposition. Process-oriented suggestions as well as framing principles are therapeutically better answers in this matter.
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Lucas, Michel, Geneviève Asselin, Mélanie Plourde, Stephen C. Cunnane, Éric Dewailly, and Sylvie Dodin. "n-3 Fatty acid intake from marine food products among Quebecers: comparison to worldwide recommendations." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 1 (May 12, 2009): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005679.
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AbstractObjectiveTo quantify marine food product consumption and EPA + DHA intake among Quebecers, and to compare the results with the most recent recommendations.DesignData were obtained from a representative cross-sectional telephone survey (June 2006). Intakes of marine food product species and EPA + DHA were estimated from a validated FFQ on the consumption of marine food products during the previous month. Prevalence of fish oil consumption in the last 6 months was also assessed.SettingProvince of Quebec (Canada).SubjectsA representative sample (n 1001) of adults in the province of Quebec. Of these, eight were excluded from the present analysis (n 993).ResultsMean and median EPA + DHA intakes for all participants were estimated to be 291 mg/d (sem 11) and 207 mg/d, respectively. 85·0 % (95 % CI 82·7, 87·3) of Quebecers had an EPA + DHA intake lower than 500 mg/d, which is the amount internationally recommended for the prevention of CVD. Mean and median DHA intakes among women of childbearing age (n 128, 18–34 years) were estimated to be 169 mg/d (sem 17) and 126 mg/d, respectively. Of these women, 27·7 % had a daily intake >200 mg DHA and 15·9 % had an intake >300 mg DHA. We noted that 13 % of Quebecers take ≥1 capsule of fish oil/d.ConclusionsConsumption of marine food products and EPA + DHA among Quebecers clearly appears to be lower than international recommendations. Since EPA + DHA confer health benefits and may reduce health costs, strategies to increase their consumption should be implemented to improve public health in Quebec.
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KIRCHER, RUTH. "How pluricentric is the French language? An investigation of attitudes towards Quebec French compared to European French." Journal of French Language Studies 22, no. 3 (February 7, 2012): 345–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269512000014.
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ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of a study that employed a questionnaire and a matched-guise experiment to investigate the attitudes that Quebec francophones, anglophones, French-English bilinguals and allophones hold towards Quebec French compared to European French. The findings indicate that attitudes towards Quebec French on the solidarity dimension have improved since the 1980s, while attitudes on the status dimension have remained the same. These findings are interpreted in the context of the burgeoning of Quebecers’ sense of belonging to their society on the one hand, and the tradition of viewing French as a monocentric rather than a pluricentric language on the other hand.
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Baszczynski, Marilyn. "Laure Conan: Un Théatre au Féminin au 19e siècle." Theatre Research in Canada 14, no. 1 (January 1993): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.14.1.20.
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Although Laure Conan was known primarily as Quebec's first woman novelist, she was also one of only two woman playwrights in l9th-century Quebec. In the male-dominated Québécois theatre, the mere fact that she was a woman writing in a very conservative and patriotic framework makes her work something of an anomaly. In this article the author proposes to explore how Conan's plays are considered avant-garde in their feminist perspective while appearing to convey the traditional values expounded in the mainstream literature and theatre of the day. The analysis will focus on feminist speech act theory and on the role of the female characters in Conan's plays.
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Prager, Joel. "“Seek Ye First the Economic Kingdom!” In Search of a Rational Choice Interpretation of Quebec Nationalism." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 22 (1996): 549–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1997.10716827.
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In Eastern Europe, when someone dies, the custom is to drape mirrors in the house with black muslin or a dark sheet. According to folklorists, this is done so that the deceased, who is believed to wander through his or her house for nine days saying goodbye to friends and family, will not be frightened when he or she cannot find his or her reflection in the mirror. While it is easy to scoff at such superstitious customs, there is much to learn from them. The draping of the mirrors is a vivid metaphor, but it is also useful when it comes to making a counterintuitive point: namely, little systematic attention has been paid to the role of economic preferences, markets, and the pace of development in shaping Quebec's nationalist objectives and strategy. And it is this failure to comprehend the impact that economics, from a microscopic and macroscopic level, has had on ‘nation-building’ and, more concretely, on the October 30th referendum (where in answer to the question “Do you agree that Quebec should become sovereign, after having made a formal offer to Canada for a new Economic and Political Partnership, within the scope of the Bill respecting the future of Quebec and of the agreement signed on June 12, 1995?”, 49.5 percent of Quebeckers voted ‘Yes’) that is tantamount to a ‘draping of the mirrors,’ of providing an incomplete explanation about the bases of Quebec's nationalism.
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Rolfe, Christopher. "Round and About the Bande Dessinée Québécoise." European Comic Art 5, no. 1 (July 1, 2012): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2012.050103.
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What follows is an attempt to contextualise the bandes dessinées produced in Quebec from their early beginnings in the late nineteenth century to their renewal and expansion during the years immediately following the Quiet Revolution. The intention, above all, is to give a sense of a changing intellectual, artistic and cultural landscape, and to situate the creators of comic strips within it. In fact, as will become evident, the history of Quebec's comic strips is closely linked to the history of the province and in many ways reflects it. (As we will see, the all-pervasive influence of the Catholic Church and the rise of Quebec nationalism can be traced in the development of the bande dessinée.) Necessarily, given the scope of the topic and the limited space available, the attempted coverage will be sketchy and incomplete. Moreover, it is only right to point out that its author is very much a novice in the field of the comic strip. Nevertheless, it is hoped that - to use an appropriate metaphor - a broader picture and different perspectives will emerge for those unfamiliar with the history of Quebec, and that new avenues of research will be prompted.
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Brun, Henri, and Guy Tremblay. "Consultations populaires québécoises et référendums fédéraux." Parlementarisme, principes fondamentaux du droit public 20, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2005): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042311ar.
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This article expresses criticism about, and makes comparisons between, Quebec's new legislation on referenda and the federal bill (not yet adopted) on the same subject. The authors' claim is that the most commonly heard comments about these legislative pieces seem to miss the most important target. The limitations and controls of referendum expenses, prescribed by the Quebec Act and loudly denounced by the opposition, on the whole seem preferable to the lightly hidden laxity of the federal bill. On the other hand, in both cases the general inadequacy of the means of control makes the referendum process a very powerful weapon in the hands of governments. These new pieces of legislation give much to the governments, little to the people.
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Chaput, Roger. "Du rapport Durham au « rapport» Brossard : le droit des Québécois à disposer d'eux-mêmes." Histoire du droit et des institutions 20, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2005): 289–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042318ar.
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In spite of apparent acceptance by the Imperial government of Durham's recommendation for accelerating the inevitable assimilation of the French culture into its Anglo-Saxon environment, French Canadians nevertheless enjoyed a fair amount of de facto self-government during the years which preceded Confederation. A proof of this is their ability to consolidate during that period the ecclesiastical establishment which was to constitute the core of their social structure for the next century and their success in putting the French language more or less on the same footing as the English language by the repeal of article XLI of the Union Act. Quebeckers were even successful in effecting the codification of their civil laws. All of this however required the active cooperation of the English members of the provincial legislature. A real measure of self-determination was attained by the French as a result of Confederation which gave each province including Quebec exclusive jurisdiction in certain matters. In theory, this new freedom was to be exercised within fairly narrow limits, in view of the federal power to disallow provincial statutes, of the extensive list of federal powers which had priority over a smaller list of provincial powers, and of the federal residual power, not to mention the « general » authority of the federal Parliament. As it turned out, the provinces and therefore Quebeckers enjoyed much more freedom than had been anticipated, as a result of the Privy Council's interpretation of the constitution, a development which to some extent was predictable. The increase in provincial freedom was also due to the political pressure exercised by the provinces themselves. Surprisingly enough, Quebec did not join the « provincial league » at an early hour, Ontario being at first the main defender of provincial autonomy. Quebec's espousal of the provincial cause had to await the removal from power of the Conservatives in the province. The Liberals who took over had voted against Confederation which they regarded as unduly centralized. This in itself would have made them an ally of Ontario. But there was more than that to it. The Quebec Liberals had opposed the 1867 federation from the start (and refused to participate in the 1864 coalition) because they considered that Quebec's freedom might become unduly restrained in a system where she would be faced with numerous partners or provinces, all Anglo-Saxon, instead of having to face an English majority limited to Ontario. It so happened that the Liberals came to power on a wave of profound and widespread dissatisfaction among the French, precisely because of a perceived restriction of their freedoms during the Riel crisis. Hence, the eager look of the people of Quebec towards their own capital as a source of protection against federal encroachment to what they regarded as their legitimate rights. This feeling was reinforced regularly for a period of fifty years as a result first of the Manitoba school question, then the Alberta and Saskatchewan school question, the Keewatin school problem and last but by no means least the Ontario school crisis which this time concerned French schools only. On top of that, came the 1917 conscription to which can be traced the origin of the « modern » separatist movement. During most of that time, the Liberals were in power (1897-1936) and it is no wonder that Quebec gradually became the ever present champion of provincial rights. When Duplessis defeated the Liberals, the trend was so well established that it transcended party lines. Later, the pressure exercised gradually by the separatist movement and the increasing desire of Quebeckers to have more freedom and be masters in their own house led to the Quiet Revolution whose leaders finally asked for a special status. If polls are any indication, it is towards this last approach that a majority of Quebeckers are looking to solve the constitutional question. On the other hand, the right of peoples to self-determination has acquired a wide measure of international recognition since Durham's report which is a far cry from Professor Brossard's recent « report » on the subject as it applies to Quebec, written under the aegis of the Centre de recherche en Droit public of the law faculty of the Université de Montréal. As things now stand, the next step in the determination of Quebec's right to self-government is in the hands of Quebeckers at the forthcoming referendum.
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Le Gall, Josiane, and Deirdre Meintel. "Cultural and Identity Transmission in Mixed Couples in Quebec, Canada." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 662, no. 1 (October 11, 2015): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215602705.
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Drawing on eighty interviews with mixed couples in Quebec, this article discusses how parents in such unions negotiate strategies of cultural transmission and develop “identity projects” for their children, that is, blueprints for the children’s ethnic identities. Our data show that instead of one person having to take on the other’s culture, and the children adopting that culture, both partners usually embrace cultural differences as enriching for themselves, their children, and the society in which they live. It is not so much a question of transmitting a “heritage” but rather making available a set of virtual cultural resources to the child that he or she will activate (or not) later in life. We argue that through the choices they make, mixed couples contribute to shaping a society where plural identities are normalized. In so doing, they become important agents of social change and participate in the creation of an enduring diversity, a long-term transformation of Quebec society, and even contribute to the multiple meanings of “Quebecois.”
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Leckey, R. "'Where the Parents are of the Same Sex': Quebec's Reforms to Filiation." International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 23, no. 1 (January 29, 2009): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/ebn014.
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Nguyen, Diana, Ghader Jamjoum, and Ari N. Meguerditchian. "Fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients: A population-based study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.90.
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90 Background: Treatment-related infertility is an important cause of distress in young women with breast cancer (YWBC) that is preventable by fertility preservation (FP) prior to initiating therapy. This study assesses FP service use by YWBC in Quebec (Canada). Methods: Administrative claims for women ≤ 40 diagnosed between 01-04-2012 and 31-03-2018 were identified using Quebec’s universal health services database (RAMQ). Access to and use of FP services were ascertained by identifying claims for a visit with an obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYN) ≤ 90 days of diagnosis, followed by claims for ovarian stimulation, ovule harvesting or artificial insemination. Patient, disease and treatment-related predictors were estimated using logistic regression. Results: 1 616 YWBC were treated. Mean age was 36 (SD 4.1), 72.1% had a CCI = 0, 84.5% were urban residents, and 72.2% experienced some form of socioeconomical disadvantages. Stage distribution was: 0.93%, 68.8, and 30.3% for stages 0, 1-2, and 3 respectively. 53.0% had a mastectomy, 40.8% received chemotherapy (CT), 70.7% received radiotherapy, 20.9% initiated anti-estrogen therapy. 387 YWBC consulted an OB/GYN within 90 days of diagnosis and 155 subsequently received FP services. Predictors associated with FP use included: decreased age (OR= 0.82, 95CI = 0.79-0.86), type of surgery (OR = 0.46, CI = 0.22-0.97), social isolation (OR =1.39, 95CI = 0.99-1.96) and receipt of chemotherapy (OR = 1.74, 95CI = 1.10-2.76). Conclusions: Only 23.9% of eligible YWBC in Quebec accessed FP specialists. Of these, 40.1% chose to move forward with FP. These findings raise important questions on how to optimize access to FP expertise. [Table: see text]
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Ng, R., S. Bernatsky, and E. Rahme. "Disease characterization of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in Quebec." Lupus 26, no. 9 (February 8, 2017): 1005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203317692435.
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Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an array of organ manifestations that can appear during flares and disappear during remissions. The objectives of this study were: (i) to examine SLE manifestation groups longitudinally in an SLE cohort; and (ii) to assess the association between early antimalarial treatment and renal manifestations. Methods Seven SLE manifestation groups—cutaneous, hematologic, lung, musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric, serositis, renal—were tracked using Kaplan-Meier survival curves in an incident SLE cohort from Quebec health administrative data ( n = 2010). A subgroup with provincial drug insurance coverage was followed over time to examine the association between early antimalarial treatment (within three months after SLE diagnosis) and renal manifestations using a Cox proportional hazards survival model. Results Cutaneous manifestations was the most common manifestation at SLE diagnosis (30.0%, 95% CI: 27.7–32.2%). About two-thirds (66.2%, 95% CI: 63.4–68.9%) of patients had evidence of at least one SLE manifestation at diagnosis, which increased to 87.2% (95% CI: 84.2–90.3%) by the end of follow-up. After adjusting for age, sex, early concomitant systemic steroid therapy, Charlson comorbidity index, primary care visits in the year prior and other SLE manifestations at baseline, no statistically significant association was established between antimalarial therapy and renal manifestations. Conclusion This study provides insight regarding organ manifestations within a population-based sample. Most patients identified with SLE had other diagnostic evidence that supports an underlying diagnosis of SLE. No protective effects for antimalarial agents against renal manifestations could be established in this population-based cohort.
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Martin, Maxence, Nicole J. Fenton, and Hubert Morin. "Boreal old-growth forest structural diversity challenges aerial photographic survey accuracy." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 2 (February 2020): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0177.
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The erosion of old-growth forests in boreal managed landscapes is a major issue currently faced by forest managers; however, resolving this problem requires accurate surveys. The intention of our study was to determine if historic operational aerial forest surveys accurately identified boreal old-growth forests in Quebec, Canada. We first compared stand successional stages (even-aged vs. old-growth) in two aerial surveys performed in 1968 (preindustrial aerial survey) and 2007 (modern aerial survey) on the same 2200 km2 territory. Second, we evaluated the accuracy of the modern aerial survey by comparing its results with those of 74 field plots sampled in the study territory between 2014 and 2016. The two aerial surveys differed significantly; 80.8% of the undisturbed stands that were identified as “old-growth” in the preindustrial survey were classified as “even-aged” in the modern survey, and 60% of the stands identified as “old-growth” by field sampling were also erroneously identified as “even-aged” by the modern aerial survey. The scarcity of obvious old-growth attributes in boreal old-growth forests, as well as poorly adapted modern aerial survey criteria (i.e., criteria requiring high vertical stratification and significant changes in tree species composition along forest succession), were the main factors explaining these errors. It is therefore likely that most of Quebec’s boreal old-growth forests are currently not recognized as such in forest inventories, challenging the efficacy of sustainable forest management policies.
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D’ulisse, Nicola. "It’s Hot Today, Eh? Montreal’s 2018 Heat Wave from Urgences-santé’s Perspective." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000773.
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Introduction:A heatwave hit the Greater Montreal area during the week of July 1 to July 8. The Urgences-santé Corporation (USC), Quebec’s largest emergency medical service (EMS), saw its crews struggling to respond to a record-breaking number of emergency calls while going door-to-door to make sure the at-risk population was not overburdened by the heat.Aim:USC’s mission was to ensure its population’s emergency medical care and safety under extenuating conditions. In conjunction with our municipal partners and the public health services, we deployed an aggressive communication strategy, urging people to only call 911 in the case of a life-threatening emergency, with the aim of limiting ambulance transports.Methods:Ambulance resources were increased (> 20% compared to the same period in 2017). More than 60 media interviews were given. Paramedic supervisors were sent to emergency departments to contain the offload delays. USC’s community response team was going door-to-door in pre-identified urban heat islands (UHI), bringing medical attention directly to those in need.Results:Despite our communications efforts, a record-breaking 1,568 calls (> 37% compared to the same period in 2017) were received in a 24 hour period. Through the door-to-door campaign, 12 people in need received medical attention. More than 90 people are suspected to have died as a result of a July heat wave in Quebec, with figures showing that 60 deaths in the cities of Montreal and Laval alone may be linked to elevated temperatures.Discussion:Through strong collaboration with our municipal and provincial partners, and the public health services, an important communication strategy and additional resources were deployed. Crews were able to prevent additional deaths. With the observed increase in extreme weather events, this strategy will definitely be useful in the future.
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CEDEC, CEDEC. "Article 2 from Series of 5: Empowering African-Canadian Career Excellence." International Journal of Community Development and Management Studies 3 (2019): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31355/52.
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NOTE: THIS ARTICLE WAS PUBLISHED WITH THE INFORMING SCIENCE INSTITUTE. Aim/Purpose...................................................................................................................................................................................................... The African-Canadian Career Excellence (ACCE) initiative was developed to address the loss of highly-educated, English-speaking Black youth from the Greater Montreal Area (Quebec, Canada) facing issues of unemployment and underemployment. Background........................................................................................................................................................................................................ The ACCE initiative partners – African and Caribbean Synergic inter-organizational Network of Canada (ACSioN Network), Black Community Resource Center (BCRC) and Community Economic Development and Employability Corporation (CEDEC) – worked to mitigate the exodus of educated Black youth through building their professional capacities to attain meaningful, sustainable local employment; encouraging their contribution to Quebec’s vitality, and assisting employers to diversify their workforce. Methodology....................................................................................................................................................................................................... The Black undergraduate students of African descent who were surveyed were English-speaking youth from the Greater Montreal Area; these included Canadian citizens, landed immigrants and temporary and permanent residents. Survey respondents will be referred to as Black African undergraduate students for the remainder of this article. In the 2011-2012 academic year, Black African undergraduate students from five Montreal post-secondary institutions were surveyed. On-campus promotion and in-person solicitation resulted in a non-random convenience sample of 92 individuals. Data from the 34 categorical and open-ended questions in an English-language online survey were analysed using SurveyMonkey, Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Contribution........................................................................................................................................................................................................ Montreal's English-speaking Black African undergraduate students represent an under-documented demographic in migration studies, specifically in terms of career plans, workplace skills, career path, employment resource awareness and discrimination. This portrait highlights the experience and career expectations of Montreal Black African undergraduate youth and is relevant within the contexts of Black history, community development, skills and career development, education and employment. Findings.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. These results suggest that English-speaking Black African undergraduates expected to follow an appropriate career path in their desired field by attaining meaningful and sustainable local employment commensurate with their skills. Many of these youth were not able to access the same career opportunities as their peers, and therefore left before fully participating in Quebec’s economy. Recommendation for Practitioner................................................................................................................................................................... This article suggests that businesses seeking to diversify their workforce can collaborate with public institutions and civil society organizations to better prepare and integrate Montreal’s skilled Black African youth. It is suggested that career-advancement training focus on addressing job security and skills gap concerns, in addition to awareness of discrimination in the workplace and strategies for identifying and redressing the situation. Recommendation for Researcher.................................................................................................................................................................... Future research could be conducted within the same Montreal population to compare the findings a decade later. Subsequent outreach to targeted employers might reveal progress and additional recommendations in diversifying their workplace. Impact on Society.............................................................................................................................................................................................. Collaboration among public institutions, private businesses and civil society organizations can lead to increased integration of Black African youth into the labor market.
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Delisle, Marc-André. "Les changements dans les pratiques de loisir des Québécois âgés 1979–1989." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 12, no. 3 (1993): 338–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800013738.
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ABSTRACTStatistics concerning the aging of Quebec's population raise the question of the changes in the lifestyle of elderly people. What do these people do? What trends are emerging in the ways in which they occupy themselves? Are there constraints to the practice of some activities? To answer these questions, we have prepared a summary of many documents collected during a research project on the leisure activities of Quebec's elderly. These documents show that Quebec's elderly are in a better financial position today, retire earlier from work and are more active than their predecessors. Rates of participation in most physical, cultural and educational activities, in volunteer work and the proportion of elderly people who travel have increased during the 1980s. Thus, it seems that leisure is now a fundamental dimension of the life of these people. But elderly people cannot do all the activities they would like because of constraints which limit or prohibit them. If these constraints were eliminated, elderly people would be more active. Researchers should therefore continue to study changes affecting the pattern of activities of elderly people and at the same time, social practitioners should help them to remain active as long as possible.
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Savard, N., P. Levallois, LP Rivest, and S. Gingras. "Association between prenatal care and small for gestational age birth: an ecological study in Quebec, Canada." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 36, no. 7 (July 2016): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.36.7.01.
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Introduction In Quebec, women living on low income receive a number of additional prenatal care visits, determined by their area of residence, of both multi-component and food supplementation programs. We investigated whether increasing the number of visits reduces the odds of the main outcome of small for gestational age (SGA) birth (weight o 10th percentile on the Canadian scale). Methods In this ecological study, births were identified from Quebec’s registry of demographic events between 2006 and 2008 (n ¼ 156 404; 134 areas). Individual characteristics were extracted from the registry, and portraits of the general population were deduced from data on multi-component and food supplement interventions, the Canadian census and the Canadian Community Health Survey. Mothers without a high school diploma were eligible for the programs. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted using generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation between individuals on the same territory. Potential confounders included sedentary behaviour and cigarette smoking. The odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for mother’s age, marital status, parity, program coverage and mean income in the area. Results Mothers eligible for the programs remain at a higher odds of SGA than noneligible mothers (OR ¼ 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30–1.51). Further, areas that provide more visits to eligible mothers (4–6 food supplementation visits) seem more successful at reducing the frequency of SGA birth than those that provide 1–2 or 3 visits (OR ¼ 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75–0.99). Conclusion Further studies that validate whether an increase in the number of prenatal care interventions reduces the odds of SGA birth in different populations and evaluate other potential benefits for the children should be done.
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Koustas, Jane. "Made in Quebec, Reviewed in Toronto: Critical Response to Translated Quebec Theatre." Meta 40, no. 4 (September 30, 2002): 529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003345ar.
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Abstract The author studies the reception of Quebec plays in Toronto between 1970 and 1982. She compares the response of different critiques, focussing on analyses of translations and translators. The author shows that critics are guilty of being "Toronto-centric" by ignoring the importance of translation or seeking more easily understandable translations for Toronto audiences.
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St Vil, Christopher Rive, and Maristela Gonçalves Sousa Machado. "A relevância do Vodu na obra País sem chapéu, de Dany Laferrière / The Relevance of Voodoo in Dany Laferrière’s País sem chapéu." Caligrama: Revista de Estudos Românicos 25, no. 3 (December 18, 2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2238-3824.25.3.201-218.
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Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a relevância do Vodu na obra País sem chapéu, de Dany Laferrière, publicada em 1996, no Quebec. Essa obra retrata a história do personagem Vieux Os que retorna ao seu país natal, após vinte anos de exílio, com a intenção de escrever um livro. A partir de um forte estranhamento inicial, Vieux Os propõe uma série de reflexões sobre a vida cotidiana e o imaginário cultural, com a intenção de trabalhar e problematizar a identidade espiritual ancestral de seu país. Vamos investigar em que medida esse reencontro do narrador-personagem com seu país natal é revelador quanto à importância do Vodu em sua própria vida e no mundo social haitiano. Para alcançar o nosso objetivo, estabeleceremos um diálogo entre País sem chapéu (1996), Dany Laferrière: autobiografia, ficção ou autoficção? (2007) de Eurídice Figueiredo e Vodu no Haiti – Candomblé no Brasil: Identidades culturais e sistemas religiosos como concepções de mundo afro-latino americano (2010) de Handerson Joseph.Palavras-chave: Dany Laferrière; País sem chapéu; Vodu; romance.Abstract: This article intends to analyze the relevance of the Voodoo in Dany Laferrière’s work País sem chapéu, published in 1996 in Quebec. This work portrays the story of Vieux Os who returns to his home country after twenty years of exile with the intention of writing a book. From a strong initial strangeness, Vieux Os proposes a series of reflections about daily life and the cultural imaginary with the intention of discussing and problematizing the country’s ancestral spiritual identity. We are going to investigate to what extent this reunion of the first-person narrator with his native country is revealing the importance of the Voodoo in his own life and in the Haitian’s social world. To achieve our goal, we are going to establish a dialogue between País sem chapéu (1996), Dany Laferrière: autobiografia, ficção ou autoficção? (2007) by Eurídice Figueiredo and Vodu no Haiti – Candomblé no Brasil: identidades culturais e sistemas religiosos como concepções de mundo afro-latino americano (2010) by Handerson Joseph.Keywords: Dany Laferrière; País sem chapéu; Voodoo; novel.
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Gagnon, Alain-G., and François Boucher. "O Estado Quebequense Diante dos Desafios da Diversidade Etnocultural." Interfaces Brasil/Canadá 17, no. 2 (August 23, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/interfaces.v17i2.10850.
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O presente texto retraça, à luz do contexto internacional, a trajetória quebequense em matéria de integração e de gestão da diversidade. Destacando as diferentes tendências que marcaram a evolução das políticas e iniciativas do Estado do Quebec desde meados dos anos 1960, Alain-G. Gagnon e François Boucher se concentram em examinar os fundamentos de uma abordagem cujo enfoque principal é a participação de todos em uma sociedade francófona e plural. A implantação deste programa é situada, inicialmente, no contexto mais amplo da instauração de regimes pluralistas nas democracias liberais e, então, do refluxo que estas sociedades registraram contra o reconhecimento do pluralismo cultural e religioso na virada dos anos 2000. Os autores apresentam, em seguida, as grandes etapas do desenvolvimento do modelo quebequense de gestão da diversidade, desde a redefinição da maioria de origem canadense-francesa como pilar de uma sociedade francófona de acolhida, até a formulação progressiva de um âmbito decididamente cívico de coabitação. Evitando, até o presente momento, a armadilha do retorno ao assimilacionismo, como é o caso em várias sociedades europeias, este âmbito será tanto mais promissor quanto ele continuar a apostar na inclusão, na luta contra a discriminação e no intercâmbio sustentado entre cidadãos de diferentes origens. Assim, o desenvolvimento da abordagem quebequense em matéria de integração deve, hoje, passar pelo aprofundamento das práticas que favoreçam o diálogo entre os diferentes componentes da sociedade quebequense, a luta pela justiça social e a busca de uma maior igualdade cidadã. Palavras chaves: Quebec. Diversidade Etnocultural. Laicidade. Interculturalismo. Imigração.Abstract: The current text retraces, in the light of the international context, the québécois path in terms of integration and management of diversity. Highlighting the different tendencies that marked the evolution of the politics and initiatives of the State of Quebec since the mid 1960’, Alain-G. Gagnon and François Boucher reconsiders the main foundations of an approach whose mainly focus is to ensure the participation of all in a francophone and plural society. The implementation of this program is placed, initially, in the larger context of the deployment of pluralists regimes in the liberal democracies and, later, in the blacklash against the recognition of the cultural and religious pluralism that those societies registered in the early 2000’. The authors present, then, the major phases of the development of the Quebec model on the management of diversity, from the redefinition of the majority sharing a French-Canadian heritage as a pillar of a francophone host society, up to the progressive formulation of a framework deliberately civilian of cohabitation. Avoiding until now the pitfalls of a return to the policies of assimilation, as we can see in some European societies, this framework will be more promising if it will be able to continue to invest in the inclusion, the struggle against discrimination and solid exchanges between citizens from different backgrounds. Thereby, the development of a Québécois approach to integration must focus nowadays in enhance the practices favouring the dialog between different components of Quebec’s society, the pursuit social justice and the quest of a greater citizenship equality. Keywords: Québec. Ethnocultural diversity. Secularism. Interculturalism. Immigration.
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TAHMOORESNEJAD, LEILA, and CATHERINE BEAUDRY. "DOES GOVERNMENT FUNDING HAVE THE SAME IMPACT ON ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS AND PATENTS? THE CASE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CANADA." International Journal of Innovation Management 19, no. 03 (May 27, 2015): 1540001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919615400010.
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University patenting has become an important research outcome in the past few decades. There has been an increase in the number of faculty patents and individual scientists listed as inventors on patent applications. The effective allocation of funding to universities is of great concern to policymakers. In this paper, we evaluate whether an increase in government funding for academic scientists enhances the performance of researchers in both scientific publications and academic patents or if this merely increases publications in the academic realm. We provide summary statistics from nanotechnology data in Quebec, compare it with other provinces in Canada, and build econometric models of various publication, patenting and grant databases. The analysis illustrates the strong relationship between funding and publication productivity as well as the citation impact of publications. In the light of research performance in patenting activities of academic researchers, this empirical study finds a strong influence on the number of patents. Moreover, increased funding appears to strengthen the citation impact of patents in Quebec, which affects the citation impact of patenting activities.
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BASHEVKIN, SYLVIA. "Solitudes in Collision?" Comparative Political Studies 23, no. 1 (April 1990): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414090023001001.
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This article examines two main questions using mass-level survey data from the late 1970s. First, to what extent was pan-Canadian nationalism limited by a bias favoring continentalism among Quebec nationalists? Second, was Quebec nationalism at the same time constrained by a centralist bias among pan-Canadian nationalists? The data analysis provides little confirmation of either assumption and suggests instead that Quebec nationalists were considerably more supportive of key priorities of pan-Canadian nationalism than would be expected given the existing literature. Pan-Canadian nationalists also were more approving than expected of some priorities of Quebec nationalism.
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Fisher, Samuel, and Richard Vengroff. "The 1994 Quebec Provincial Elections: Party Realignment, Independence Referendum, or More of the Same." Quebec Studies 19 (October 1994): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/qs.19.1.1.
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Haimson, Bezalel C., Moo Y. Lee, Nadia Feknous, and Pierre De Courval. "Stress measurements at the site of the SM3 hydroelectric scheme near Sept Iles, Quebec." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 33, no. 5 (July 1996): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(96)00003-4.
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Maillet, D., E. Desilets, and T. Maniere. "A133 GASTRIC ESD: PRELIMINARY EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CENTER IN QUEBEC." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.131.
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Abstract Background Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an endoscopic procedure developed in Asian countries to treat early gastric cancer (EGC). Western countries have less experience with this challenging technique. Aims The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ESD as a preliminary experience. Methods This is an unicentric retrospective study of all consecutive gastric ESD for adenomas or EGC from 07/2017 to 08/2020. The primary endpoints were en bloc and R0 resection rates. Results Nineteen patients (mean age 74.2 (54–88), sex ratio 3F/16M) and 23 lesions were included. Mean diameter was 25 mm (10–90). Treatment was previously performed in 7 cases (30.4%), by ESD (5) or EMR (2). The procedure, performed under general anaesthesia, lasted on average 148 minutes (45–412). En bloc resections were performed in 16 cases (69.6%); 5 cases (21.7%) were converted to P-EMR and there was a failure to resect the lesion because of deep invasion or perforation in 2 cases (8.7%). Pathologic examination demonstrated 2 low-grade dysplasia, 4 high-grade dysplasia and 15 adenocarcinomas: intramucosal (8), sm1 (2), sm2 (2), sm3 (1) or sm deep (2). R0 and curative resection rates were 43.5% and 39.1% respectively. The complication rate related to the procedure was 30.4% including 5 perforations and 2 delayed bleeding: all were managed endoscopically. Five patients (21.7%) underwent subsequent gastrectomy for non-curative resection (4) or failed resection (1); 3 had no residual disease on final pathology, 1 had high grade dysplasia and 1 had intramucosal adenocarcinoma. One patient went to palliative care because he was unfit for surgery. Follow-up endoscopy was completed in all 17 patients who underwent endoscopic resection (mean 10 months (2–24)). Recurrence occurred in 23.5% (4/17); all were successfully treated by another ESD. Conclusions In our preliminary experience, the rate of en bloc and R0 resection were 70% and 44%. Compared to other studies, these low en bloc and curative resection rates may be explained by technically difficult lesions during the learning curve and might improve with experience. Nevertheless, surgery has been avoided in 13/19 patients (68%) with endoscopic intervention. Funding Agencies None
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Watt-Cloutier, Sheila. "Life Lessons From the Arctic." LEARNing Landscapes 3, no. 2 (March 2, 2010): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v3i2.353.
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Sheila Watt-Cloutier grew up in Kuujjuaq, a small village in Northern Quebec. In this interview she relates how growing up in a traditional Inuit hunting culture gave her a deep sense of connection—an essential element for the work she does today as a climate change awareness advocate. She applauds the environmental efforts of individuals at the grassroots level but feels very strongly that governments and policymakers must come on board to effect true, lasting change. She believes that our educational system has a key role to play in helping to reduce climate change and she is encouraged to see young people becoming "natural"conservationists. She says that the future of education lies in providing a more holistic approach so that people can develop this sense of connection with a focus on humanity and sustainability instead of just economics. Finally, she offers a quick preview of what to expect in her upcoming book.
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Gordon, Alan. "What to see and how to see it: tourists, residents, and the beginnings of the walking tour in nineteenth-century Quebec City." Journal of Tourism History 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2013.868533.
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Bakvis, Herman, and Laura G. Macpherson. "Quebec Block Voting and the Canadian Electoral System." Canadian Journal of Political Science 28, no. 4 (December 1995): 659–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842390001934x.
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AbstractThis article examines two contrasting views of Quebec block voting in federal elections. One view has it that the Quebec electorate tends to behave in a monolithic fashion; the other, put by Cairns in 1968, claims that this phenomenon is “a contrivance of the electoral system, not an autonomous social fact.” The evidence shows that block voting, namely, the degree to which an electorate mobilizes behind the largest party, is much more pronounced in Quebec than it is in other provinces, and especially when compared to that in Ontario. Quebec is also more likely than Ontario to determine which party forms the government. The tendency of the electoral system to magnify seat allocations to the largest party, however, is only marginally greater in Quebec relative to Ontario. At the same time, the composition of the Quebec “block” vote has varied considerably over time; it has not always been a distinctively francophone phenomenon. The article further challenges the assumption that the single-member plurality system is inherently inferior to proportional representation as a means of securing the protection of minorities in ethnically diverse societies.
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Dupont, Alain, Louis Bélanger, and Jean Bousquet. "Relationships between balsam fir vulnerability to spruce budworm and ecological site conditions of fir stands in central Quebec." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 1752–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-242.
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A clear relationship (P < 0.05) was found between ecological site conditions of fir stands approaching maturity and mortality of balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) caused by the last spruce budworm (Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.)) outbreak. This relationship was observed in three ecoclimatic regions in central Quebec. Generally, in areas moderately affected by the outbreak, three levels of mortality could be identified following four moisture regime classes: xeric fir stands [Formula: see text] and hydric fir stands [Formula: see text] were the most vulnerable, mesic fir stands showed an intermediate level of mortality [Formula: see text], while subhygric fir stands with seepage were constantly less vulnerable [Formula: see text]. This general pattern of mortality was observed in the three ecoregions surveyed, in spite of important regional differences (climate, intensity of the outbreak, stand composition) among them. Except for the mesic sites, levels of mortality for the same site type did not vary significantly (P > 0.05) from one ecoregion to another. The effect of moisture gradient on stand vigor and the biological performances of the spruce budworm may explain the results obtained.
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Morin, Claude. "L'expérience canadienne et québécoise de révision constitutionnelle : leçons et perspectives." La réforme des relations fédérales-provinciales 26, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042644ar.
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The author suggests various answers to two questions dealing with constitutional reform in Quebec and Canada. The first question is : What can be learned from the experience of Quebec and Canada in the field of constitutional reform ? The author makes two suggestions which underscore the following : the concern with constitutional matters has been greater in Quebec than anywhere else in Canada i.e., in part because the conception of federalism in Quebec differs from that of English-Canada, despite the use of the same words. In discussions about constitutional reform, priorities have been different for Quebec and for the rest of Canada. None of the serial discussions about constitutional reform has given Quebec the type of federalism that it wants ; Ottawa falls back upon federal official language and bilingualism policies as a placebo for an in-depth reform of federalism. The second question is : what is the present perspective for Quebec ? Here, a distinction must be made between what should be done and what could be done. What should be done includes, among other things : recognition in the Constitution of the existence in Quebec of a distinct society ; new separation of federal and provincial powers : veto right for Quebec to constitutional amendments excepting in matters regarding federal institutions ; selection of members of the Senate by the provinces. As to what could be done, let it be said that most of these reforms would probably not be accepted by the other governments in Canada because they would probably modify Canadian federalism.
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Turcotte, Geneviève. "How Pregnant Workers See Their Work, Its Risks and the Right to Precautionary Leave in Quebec." Women & Health 18, no. 3 (June 17, 1992): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j013v18n03_06.
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Proulx, Guillaume, Jean-Michel Beaudoin, Hugo Asselin, Luc Bouthillier, and Delphine Théberge. "Untapped potential? Attitudes and behaviours of forestry employers toward the Indigenous workforce in Quebec, Canada." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 4 (April 2020): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0230.
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The skilled labour shortage in the natural resource sector is a major issue in North America, particularly in the Canadian forestry sector. In the province of Quebec alone, 15 000 positions will need to be filled by 2022. At the same time, many Indigenous communities are seeking to develop employment opportunities, as they have high unemployment rates and a young and growing population. But are forestry employers creating an environment conducive to the recruitment, integration, and retention of an Indigenous workforce? We interviewed 22 directors and human resource managers from 19 forestry businesses (16 non-Indigenous and 3 Indigenous) in Quebec, with a view to answering this question. Employer narratives suggest that they have only just begun to see the potential of the Indigenous workforce and put in place diversity management practices. Partnerships between Indigenous communities and forestry businesses, development of alternative training and skill development methods, and awareness-raising among employees and employers were found to favour recruitment, integration, and retention of Indigenous workers. Conversely, according to participants, stereotypes, discrimination, lack of inclusion measures, drug and alcohol use, and lack of training reduce the potential for Indigenous people to join the forestry workforce.
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Garant, Louis. "La Charte de la langue française et la langue du travail." Les Cahiers de droit 23, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042497ar.
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The 1977 « Charte de la langue française » can only be considered as a major event in the history of the French language in Quebec. The law enacting the Charter states, in its first section, that French is the official language in Quebec. Consequently, French is the language of work in Quebec. The « Office de la langue française », therein instituted, is empowered to see that fact and law be but one in such field. The following pages will be concerned mainly with the interpretation of the various sections of the Charter relative to the language of work, interpretation which will envisage the possible jurisdictional conflicts as well as take into account the consequences of the application of the Charter in labour relations.
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Rousseau, Guillaume, and François Côté. "A Distinctive Quebec Theory and Practice of the Notwithstanding Clause: When Collective Interests Outweigh Individual Rights." Revue générale de droit 47, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 343–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042928ar.
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The fundamental human rights recognized by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms supersede other rules of law. As such, any legislative measure conflicting with their content can be invalidated by Canadian tribunals. Yet, to ensure parliamentary sovereignty, both Charters feature an override mechanism, the “notwithstanding clause,” that can be invoked by a legislator to withdraw a given law from judicial scrutiny under charter rights. Beyond formal and substantive requirements, according to Quebec prominent doctrinal trends and National Assembly, in what circumstances, and to what end, can the legislator invoke a notwithstanding clause? A review of leading academic conceptions of charter rights in Quebec reveals a distinctive theoretical approach to notwithstanding mechanisms than that of leading Anglo-Canadian authorities. Quebec leading doctrinal trends, distinctly, seem to conceive that legislative overrides can be legitimately made preemptively by a legislature when dealing with matters of collective interests, such as social objectives and national identity, which, in the name of greater good, should not be fettered by private interests. This distinctive reality is also sharply reflected in legislative practice: as Quebec invoked the notwithstanding clause of the Canadian Charter 61 times (in addition to 45 references to the notwithstanding clause of the Quebec Charter) compared to 3 times in the rest of Canada over the same period, overwhelmingly for considerations of social objectives or national identity. This situation could be explained by a distinctive conception of parliamentary sovereignty and of power dynamics between elected legislature and appointed judges in Quebec.
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Ryan, Richard. "International Metallographic Society." Microscopy and Microanalysis 8, no. I1 (July 2002): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927602021128.
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As president of IMS, I am pleased to welcome attendees to our 2002 meeting. We have a wonderful site for a great meeting city. Quebec is full of things to see and we have a great Symposium and technical meeting with lots to do and see.
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Cowan, Judith. "One poem or two?" English Today 6, no. 4 (October 1990): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400005149.
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Giguère, Marc. "Le Québec à l'heure de la réforme du droit des sociétés (compagnies) ou le législateur schizophrène." Les Cahiers de droit 25, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042620ar.
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How can two parts (1 and 1A) of a same statute (Quebec Compagnies Act) be of a such a different spirit and at the same time complementary (part 1A needs part I to be complete and effective) and serve for years and years without the risk of severe distorsions and misleading solutions ?
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Perron, Lina, Philippe De Wals, and François Milord. "Evaluation of the Rubella Surveillance System in Quebec." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 11, no. 6 (2000): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/409323.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of information in the rubella surveillance system in Quebec.DATA AND METHODS: Cases of rubella in the provincial registry of notifiable diseases, "Maladies à declaration obligatoire" (MADO), from 1994 to 1996 were matched with laboratory-identified cases and with cases in a reference file created from all case investigation records of regional departments of public health for the same period. Sensitivity and the proportion of cases in agreement were calculated.RESULTS: Compared with laboratories, the sensitivity of the provincial registry was 56%. Compared with the reference file, global sensitivity (confirmed cases plus clinical cases) was 58% and the positive predictive value was 50%. Of the 356 cases reported to regional public health departments, 65% were classified in the same diagnostic category (confirmed case, clinical case, excluded case) by public health professionals and a group of experts (weighted kappa=0.32). Information on rubella vaccination status was missing in 25% of cases in the MADO file for rubella.CONCLUSIONS: Notification of positive results for immunoglobulin M antibodies and viral cultures should be required of all laboratories. Uniform procedures should be adopted and applied for the validation of cases that are reported to regional departments of public health. In the context of the rarefaction of rubella, any immunoglobulin M-positive result should be interpreted using all available epidemiological information.
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Paré, D., and B. Bernier. "Changes in phosphorus nutrition of sugar maple along a topographic gradient in the Quebec Appalachians." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-018.
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In a typical sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.) stand in the Quebec Appalachians, foliar phosphorus concentrations increased from the bottom to the top of the hill, while the humus form varied from a mull to a mor along the same slope sequence. Although limited, these observations within one stand presumably subjected to the same anthropogenic stresses, including acid loading, are consistent with those obtained on a regional scale by comparing the phosphorus nutrition of sugar maple stands growing on soils with contrasting humus forms. They support the observation that under the conditions prevailing in the Quebec Appalachians, phosphorus nutrition is affected mainly in stands growing on soils with a moderately acid mull humus. As foliar phosphorus may vary with variations in the humus form over short distances, corrective measures require planning for limited, well-defined areas.
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GAULIN, COLETTE, ERIC LEVAC, DANIELLE RAMSAY, RÉJEAN DION, JOHANNE ISMAÏL, SUZANNE GINGRAS, and CHRISTINE LACROIX. "Escherichia coli O157:H7 Outbreak Linked to Raw Milk Cheese in Quebec, Canada: Use of Exact Probability Calculation and Case-Case Study Approaches to Foodborne Outbreak Investigation." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-385.
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The analytical studies used to investigate foodborne outbreak are mostly case-control or retrospective cohort studies. However, these studies can be complex to perform and susceptible to biases. This article addresses basic principles of epidemiology, probability, and the use of case-case design to identify the source of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak linked to raw milk cheese consumption in Quebec, Canada; a small number of cases with the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile were involved. Between 4 December 2008 and 15 January 2009, a cumulative total of 16 E. coli O157:H7 cases with the same PFGE profile were reported to Quebec public health authorities. Among the first six cases reported, three had consumed raw milk cheese from the same producer (cheese A). Raw milk cheese is consumed by about 2% of the Quebec population. By using the exact probability calculation, it was found that a significantly higher proportion of E. coli O157:H7 cases (with the specific PFGE profile) than expected had consumed cheese A (P < 0.001). These computations were updated during the course of the investigation to include subsequent cases and gave the same results. A case-case study corroborated this result. This article considers alternative statistical and epidemiological approaches to investigate a foodborne outbreak—in particular with an exact probability calculation and case-case comparisons. This approach could offer a fast and inexpensive alternative to regular case-control studies to target public health actions, particularly during a foodborne outbreak.
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DRURY, C. F., E. G. BEAUCHAMP, and L. J. EVANS. "FIXATION AND IMMOBILIZATION OF RECENTLY ADDED IN SELECTED ONTARIO AND QUEBEC SOILS." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 69, no. 2 (May 1, 1989): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss89-039.
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Low recovery of recently added [Formula: see text] fertilizer as [Formula: see text] was observed in a Bainsville (Orthic Humic Gleysol) and a Dalhousie (Gleyed Eutric Brunisol) soil, whereas a Brookston (Orthic Humic Gleysol) and a Conestogo (Gleyed Melanic Brunisol) soil had a high recovery. The former two soils had higher vermiculite contents than the latter two soils. Therefore, [Formula: see text] fixation was believed to be responsible for the low recovery. Between 18 and 23% of added [Formula: see text] was fixed after 15 d in the Bainsville and Dalhousie soils whereas only 1–3% of added [Formula: see text] was fixed in the Brookston and Conestogo soils. Potassium pre-addition (with/without air drying) increased the apparent recovery in the Bainsville and Dalhousie soils but did not affect the actual recovery. Potassium pre-addition did not block subsequent [Formula: see text] fixation, rather it resulted in a release of native 14N. Gamma irradiation was used to inhibit biological activity. Between 1 and 7% of added 15N was immobilized in these soils after 15 d. Key words: Ammonium fixation, immobilization, vermiculites, 15N gamma radiation, potassium, native N, ammonium exchange
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Gélinas, Fabien. "Le locus standi dans les actions d'intérêt public et la relator action : l'empire de la common law en droit québécois." Les Cahiers de droit 29, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 657–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042904ar.
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The duality of the sources of Quebec law poses special problems for the jurist who must determine the juridical norm applicable to a given situation. He must work within the appropriate body of norms and, at the same time, propose a solution which is acceptable in practice. The authority of common law in Quebec extends to limits which are not well-established and not likely soon to be clarified. Starting from the vexed question of standing in public interest actions, the author elaborates on the applicability of common law with respect to the Quebec Code of Civil Procedure. The article first discusses briefly the principles of common law which have traditionally governed standing in public interest actions, together with the corresponding legislative framework established in Quebec. Emphasis is given to the rights and duties of the Attorney General, especially in the area of relator proceedings. The author questions the soundness of interpreting the Code of Civil Procedure as if it were an ordinary statute in a common law system. Bearing in mind its underlying purpose, he proposes a protectionist interpretation of the Code of Civil Procedure, less susceptible to the infiltration of common law.
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Spada, Nina, and Patsy M. Lightbown. "Intensive ESL Programmes in Quebec Primary Schools." TESL Canada Journal 7, no. 1 (October 26, 1989): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v7i1.557.
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This paper is a report on a study designed to investigate the second language development of francophone children in experimental intensive ESL programmes in Quebec primary schools. Classroom interaction patterns and learners' contact with and attitudes toward English were also investigated. Learners in the intensive programmes were compared with learners in regular ESL programmes at the same grade level, as well as with learners who had received a comparable number of hours of instruction spread over a longer period of time. The results indicated that the intensive programme learners outperformed both comparison groups on tests of listening and reading comprehension and in oral fluency. In addition, although both regular and intensive programme learners were found to have very little contact with English prior to instruction, the intensive programme learners indicated somewhat greater contact after instruction. They also held more positive attitudes toward English than did the regular programme learners.
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Vandervalk, Sandra. "Line Dancing in the Borderlands Region of Stanstead, Quebec." Borders in Globalization Review 1, no. 2 (August 22, 2020): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr12202019795.
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The activity of line dancing is presented as a metaphor for how the border between Canada and the US at Stanstead, Quebec and Derby Line, Vermont is made real through human enactment, how creative human response transforms it, and at the same time, how identities are also shaped and changed by the collectively imagined border.
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Jarry, Valérie, Alain Gagnon, and Robert Bourbeau. "Survival advantage of siblings and spouses of centenarians in 20th-century Quebec." Canadian Studies in Population 39, no. 3-4 (February 14, 2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p65c9r.
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Longevity runs in families, either through genetic or environmental influences. Using Quebec civil registration and historical Canadiancensuses, we compared the longevity of siblings and spouses of 806 centenarians to a group of controls, all born in Quebec at the turnof the 20th century. Our results show that siblings of centenarians, who share half of their genes and a common childhood environment,lived 3–4 years longer than their birth cohort. However, husbands and wives of centenarians lived 4 and 2.5 years longer than theircounterparts of the same sex, respectively, suggesting that longevity is also modulated by shared environment in adulthood.
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Frangi, Lorenzo, and Marc-Antonin Hennebert. "Expressing Confidence in Unions in Quebec and the Other Canadian Provinces: Similarities and Contrasts in Findings." Articles 70, no. 1 (March 27, 2015): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1029283ar.
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This article examines changes in levels of confidence in unions and proposes an intra-national comparison between Quebec and the rest of Canada based on the analysis of the three most recent waves of the World Values Survey (WVS) database, of which Canada is part (i.e. 1990, 2000, 2006). After noting differences in the trends of confidence in unions in these two regions, we applied the same logistic regression model to both regions, based on the 2006 WVS wave, in order to bring out the determinants of the propensity of individuals to express confidence in unions. The results show both similarities and differences between the two regions. As for the similarities between Quebec and the rest of Canada, it should be noted that involvement in politics and the fact of being unionized had a positive effect on the respondents’ propensity to have confidence in unions whereas most of the socio-demographic variables had no significant effects. As for the differences, the fact of reporting a higher income had a significant negative impact in Quebec, but was not significant in the rest of Canada. The fact of supporting the NDP in the rest of Canada had a more structuring effect on the propensity of individuals to have confidence in unions than the fact of supporting the BQ in Quebec. Moreover, the greater the extent to which citizens in Quebec identified with left-leaning ideological positions, the more likely they were to have confidence in unions. Finally, the respondent’s level of education was not significant in the rest of Canada but,cetiris paribus, was highly significant and positively related to confidence in unions in Quebec.
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Lang, Michael, and Ma’n H. Zawati. "The app will see you now: mobile health, diagnosis, and the practice of medicine in Quebec and Ontario." Journal of Law and the Biosciences 5, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 142–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsy004.
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Dumont, Serge, Danielle Blondeau, Véronique Turcotte, Gian Domenico Borasio, Thierry Currat, Rose-Anna Foley, and Michel Beauverd. "The use of palliative sedation: A comparison of attitudes of French-speaking physicians from Quebec and Switzerland." Palliative and Supportive Care 13, no. 4 (May 14, 2014): 839–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951514000364.
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AbstractObjective:Previous literature has suggested that laws and regulations may impact the use of palliative sedation. Our present study compares the attitudes of French-speaking physicians practicing in the Quebec and Swiss environments, where different laws are in place regarding physician-assisted suicide.Method:Data were drawn from two prior studies, one by Blondeau and colleagues and another by Beauverd and coworkers, employing the same two-by-two experimental design with length of prognosis and type of suffering as independent variables. Both the effect of these variables and the effect of their interaction on Swiss and Quebec physicians' attitudes toward sedation were compared. The written comments of respondents were submitted to a qualitative content analysis and summarized in a comparative perspective.Results:The analysis of variance showed that only the type of suffering had an effect on physicians' attitudes toward sedation. The results of the Wilcoxon test indicated that the attitudes of physicians from Quebec and Switzerland tended to be different for two vignettes: long-term prognosis with existential suffering (p = 0.0577) and short-term prognosis with physical suffering (p = 0.0914). In both cases, the Swiss physicians were less prone to palliative sedation.Significance of results:The attitudes of physicians from Quebec and Switzerland toward palliative sedation, particularly regarding prognosis and type of suffering, seem similar. However, the results suggest that physicians from Quebec could be slightly more open to palliative sedation, even though most were not in favor of this practice as an answer to end-of-life existential suffering.
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Gagné, Pierre, Javad Moamai, and Dominique Bourget. "Psychopathology and Suicide among Quebec Physicians: A Nested Case Control Study." Depression Research and Treatment 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/936327.
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Objective. To describe a psychiatric profile and characteristics of physicians who killed themselves in Quebec between 1992 and 2009.Method. The cases of 36 physicians (7 females and 29 males) and 36 nonphysicians who committed suicide were matched for age and gender and examined in a nested case control design. All subjects were judged as definite suicide by the Quebec Coroner Head Office. Consensus regarding DSM-IV diagnoses was established by two forensic psychiatrists.Results. Rates of all Axis I diagnoses were 83% for physicians and 91% for nonphysicians at the time of suicide. Major depressive disorders were the most frequently observed pathology in both groups (61% and 56%, resp.).Conclusions. Physicians and nonphysicians who committed suicide in Quebec suffered from the same type of psychiatric disorder at the time of killing themselves. The findings advocate strongly for more efficient suicide prevention measures including early detection and treatment of mood disorders for the physicians.
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Kulczyńska, Agnieszka. "Modelowanie procesu czytania na potrzeby glottodydaktyki." Neofilolog, no. 35 (June 15, 2010): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2010.35.6.
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The author investigates the presence of reading models in L2 teaching theory and research. She observes that such models seem to play a rather „ornamental” role. The author is convinced, however, that effective useof reading models would bring positive results, such as facilitating communication between researchers, and more effective planning of research and teaching. The model that might be taken into consideration is thatdeveloped by the Quebecois pedagogue J. Giasson.