Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Québec (Province) – Conditions sociales – 20e siècle'
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Paré, Pierre-Olivier. "Évolution des impacts de cinq transformations sociales sur la progression du niveau de vie des Québecois de 1986 à 2016." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70285.
Full textSince the end of the Second World War, Quebec society has undergone major changes that may have influenced the recent increase in the standard of living of Quebecers: i) major school reforms; ii) the change from the Fordist model of production to the post-Fordist model of production; iii) increased contribution of women to the labor market; iv) the change from the modern family model to the contemporary family model; and v) the aging of the population. The main objectives of this thesis are, on the one hand, to better understand how these transformations could have affected the increase in the standard of living from 1986 to 2016 and, on the other hand, to highlight the inequalities in the standard of living between households according to their characteristics. To do this, we propose to examine the evolution of the standard of living from a macroeconomic perspective, using real GDP per capita, and from a microeconomic perspective using adjusted income. Some of our variables had negative impacts on the standard of living (changes in the demographic profile of the population, the decrease in the number of workers per household, the decrease in the number of hours worked level as well as changes in household composition). Other variables had nuanced impacts or little impact (changes in the age and sex of the primary maintainer, the decrease in household size and the stagnation of employment income). On the other hand, certain variables had positive impacts (the evolution of the employment rate, the growth of productivity, the decrease in the number of dependent children per household, the increase in the level of education and the growth government transfers).
Bois, Hélène. "Les aumôniers et la déconfessionnalisation des institutions économico-sociales québécoises (1940-1972)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28460.
Full textGiroux, Marie-Michèle. "Le débat entourant la question du travail des enfants dans une société industrielle : le cas de la ville de Québec de 1885 à 1907." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30791/30791.pdf.
Full textLaflamme, Josée. "Femmes et aire domestique, un mode de vie : modèles, valeurs et comportements." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28446.
Full textCharron, Catherine. "Parcours de travail aux marges de l'emploi : récits du salariat domestique, Québec, deuxième moitié du XXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26136.
Full textCette thèse porte sur les figures contemporaines du salariat domestique ainsi que les principales évolutions de ce secteur d’activités dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle à Québec. Les récits de vie d’une trentaine de femmes ayant expérimenté diverses formes de travail domestique rémunéré constituent la base empirique de cette étude. Durant cette période historique marquée par l’accroissement spectaculaire de la main-d’œuvre féminine, de même que par le déclin du fordisme et la polarisation du marché du travail, le secteur domestique se diversifie. Les nouvelles formes de service domestique s’inscrivent dans la continuité historique ― notamment en regard de la personnalisation et de la naturalisation du rapport de travail, qui ont maintenu ce secteur à l’écart de la norme salariale depuis le XIXe siècle ―, tout en participant pleinement à la construction de nouveaux régimes d’inégalités de classe, de race et de genre autour de la division du travail dans la société québécoise contemporaine. Les récits de vie témoignent de l’indissociabilité des formes rémunérées et non rémunérées de travail domestique, et de leur caractère structurant dans la construction du rapport des femmes de milieux populaires au travail, à l’emploi et à la famille. De l’apprentissage du service domestique comme mode de socialisation des filles à la permanence domestique assurée par les femmes à toutes les étapes de leur vie familiale, les réseaux féminins familiaux et communautaires tissent la toile de toute une économie des échanges domestiques, sur un continuum entre entraide et emploi. Au cours des dernières décennies du XXe siècle, divers mécanismes se mettent en branle pour créer un bassin de main-d’œuvre domestique, dont certains sont directement liés à l’institution patriarcale du mariage, et concernent les femmes divorcées ou celles qui ont connu une longue absence du marché du travail. L’univers des petits boulots domestiques apparaît comme une sorte d’archipel où sont refoulées des femmes exclues du marché de l’emploi formel. Au sein de cette nébuleuse des emplois domestiques, les dynamiques de professionnalisation, d’institutionnalisation et de segmentation s’articulent autour de la frontière entre service et servitude, laquelle nourrit les pratiques et les représentations dans ces métiers où l’héritage ancillaire fait figure de spectre.
De, La Sablonnière-Plourde Noémie. "Étude évaluative concernant les problèmes, besoins et enjeux psychosociaux vécus par les personnes trans au Québec : point de vue des intervenants psychosociaux spécialisés auprès de cette clientèle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68627.
Full textIn the province of Quebec, in the last decade, numerous changes have taken place at the political, legal and social levels to promote the integration of trans people. In this context, it seemed relevant to examine, using a systemic and intersectional framework, the perception of 13 psychosocial professionals specialized regarding gender diversity regarding : 1. What are the main problems, needs and issues experienced by trans people ; 2. Which possible solutions of a systemic nature can be identified to respond to these problems, needs and issues ; 3. Which individual psychosocial intervention strategies are the most appropriate for trans people of all ages in order to promote their well-being. One of the main findings of this research is that, although the psychosocial professionals recognize that Quebec offers a relatively advantageous legal position for trans communities, the systemic cisgender context still forces trans people to a daily life hampered by guilt and verbal aggression, physical, paternalistic, condescending and contemptuous attitudes in their various living environments, including during contacts with health and psychosocial professionals. In doing so, we see the need for trans people and their experiences to be more recognized, de-pathologized, protected, esteemed and embraced by society. To achieve this, it will therefore be necessary to make society more aware of this reality, to normalize it through diversified models in all systems and media, regardless of the origin, nationality, age and socio-economic status of the trans people. What is more, this will undoubtedly mean reducing the costs, delays and obligations (e.g. multiple medical and psychosocial assessments) required of people who wish to transition legally and physically.
Côte, Sophie. "De l'Hospice Saint-Thomas de Montmagny au Foyer d'Youville, 1885-1971 : évolution de la charité comme principe moteur du fonctionnement d'une institution pour personnes âgées au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19719.
Full textBouchard, Marie-Pier. ""Paroisses de femmes" : expériences des femmes lors des migrations saisonnières masculines dans la région de Charlevoix, 1940-1980." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28102.
Full textLambert, Maude-Emmanuelle. "La petite bourgeoisie francophone en milieu périphérique : parcours historiques d'une famille de marchands généraux de Rimouski, sur trois générations (1855-1945)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18006.
Full textGagné-Collard, Agathe. "La consommation vestimentaire à Québec, 1940-1990 : le cas du pantalon féminin." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0027/NQ51255.pdf.
Full textNdao, Adja Diodio. "Étude des représentations sociales de la violence sexuelle chez les immigrantes africaines à Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68635.
Full textIn Quebec City, there is a low attendance of African immigrant women in the services for victims of sexual violence. To understand this phenomenon, we developed this mixed study with a constructivist perspective on social representations of sexual violence and the available assistance. Its aims were to find out how African immigrant women in Quebec City represent sexual violence and the available assistance. To answer these questions, we used three data collection instruments: the sociodemographic questionnaire, the semi-directive interview guide, and the free association technique. A total of eleven immigrant women aged between 18 and 30 years participated in this study. They came from eight francophone countries in Africa and lived in Quebec for less than ten years. The results showed that rape was the main form of sexual violence for the participants. In addition to this, they enumerated other forms of violence more specific to their environment, such as female genital cutting and forced marriage. They mainly explained this violence by social factors. Thus, according to them, in African society, the victims are more blamed than the perpetrator, whether he is known or not. In addition to that, they considered as obstacles to their denunciation: the fear of breaking up the family, if the perpetrator is a close member or the husband, as well as the trivialization of certain forms of sexual violence. Regarding their perception of the psychological assistance, participants believed that it is reserved for «white» or «crazy people» and not very useful in African society. The assistance from the judicial system is presented as ineffective due to stereotypes about victims and subjectivity in the work of the police officers. We discussed all the study results with both our literature review and analysis framework. We also suggested recommendations for both research and social work intervention.
Deshaies, Marie-Hélène. "L'action publique québécoise à l'égard des personnes âgées vivant avec une incapacité : une analyse sociologique des discours entourant le partage de la responsabilité des soins (1980-2015)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31885.
Full textThree major forms of inequality are interrelated in contemporary modalities of sharing responsibility for caring for people with disabilities: 1) the persistence of a gendered division of caregiving responsibilities and its consequences on the professional and economic trajectory of women; 2) the transfer of some of these tasks to female workers with precarious status; 3) lack of access to care for people with disabilities, especially for low-income older women, in the context of reduced availability of family members and limited services offered by the state. Based on the idea that the implementation of public policies is never the simple consequence of identifying a social problem, but that it implies a political reading of the challenge it faces (Jenson, 2008) or otherwise stated that it involves a particular way of representing the problem (diagnosis) and the solutions (prognosis) to be implemented (Bacchi, 2009, 2012; Verloo, 2007), this thesis aims to explore how certain discursive events that shape public policy have helped define the modalities of the share responsibility for caring for seniors with disabilities. The formulated hypothesis is that discourses carry elements that contribute to challenge or reinforce social relations creating inequalities between women and men. The speeches produced by different groups of actors during the Rochon Commission (1985–1988), the Clair Commission (2000) and the Consultations on the Autonomy Insurance Project (2013) were analyzed and compared according to a synchronic then diachronic perspective. This thesis suggests that the three discursive events under study led to different problematizations of the issue of shared responsibility for caring for older people with disabilities and that, within these discussions, there are spaces of reproduction and contestation of social relations of caring generating inequalities. The speeches heard thus helped to define the identity of the social groups involved in the care relationship. Older people have essentially been defined on the basis of their vulnerability, their loss of autonomy and according to a user-consumer figure. Caregivers have gradually emerged as a category and as a collective actor likely to raise public awareness on suffering and inequality (Cefaï, 2007) and to mobilize a political voice (Verloo, 2007). Female workers paid for caring have been the subject of discussion, but almost exclusively from the issue of their qualification/non-qualification to provide personal assistance services to elderly people living with a disability. Four narratives of shared responsibility for caring between the state, the market, the third sector, and the family emerge from discourse analysis: 1) Mixed Competitive Regulation; 2) Competitive Market Regulation; 3) Social-Statist Regulation; 4) Mixed State/Third Sector Regulation. Each of these narratives is carried by different alliances of actors and mobilizes different configurations of the problem definition, the solution to be adopted, the cares and identities as well as discursive postures regarding the sexual division of care work. In conclusion, three main conclusions emerge as to the reproduction and the contestation of social...
Gaudreault, David. "La carrière publique de l'intimidation au Québec Incursion dans l'économie morale de l'enfance." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32542.
Full textUsing the public career of school bullying (intimidation) in Québec, this research invites to explore the moral economy of childhood: the production, circulation and use of norms, roles, values and feelings related to children. A vast documentary and diachronic cross analysis was conducted to offer a new understanding of the dialogical co-construction of this public problem, to which participate the media, scientific and political spheres. The analysis suggests that the public problems’ trajectories might be cyclical rather than linear. Inside Québec, the theme of ‘school violence’ appears in the late 20th century through ‘taxage’, understood as the extortion or robbery perpetrated in the course of juvenile sociability. The Québec ‘school violence’ thus emerges in a political context of fight against ‘street gangs’ and teenage criminality. At the beginning of the 21th century, a reconsideration of youth offenders judicialization comes to oppose the repressive will of the state - it leads to a delegitimization of the police and judicial apparatuses dedicated to overcome ‘taxage’. Meanwhile, groups of ‘moral entrepreneurs’ extend the definition of unacceptability when it comes to youth aggressivity and redefine it in relation to new indisciplines that require measures of prevention and support. Henceforth, concerns move beyond the matters of security and dangerousness previously prominent. The public scenes that were investigated became at that period dominated by a feeling of vulnerable childhood. Leaving behind the risks that poses the youth, the problem’s rhetoric rearranges itself around the risks that weigh in on them. Psychological integrity, social dignity and liberty are major components of the moral economy of childhood and the basis of this ‘moral crusade’ - a social phenomenon that allows us to perceive the configurations of contemporary normativity.
Pouliot, Kathleen. "Vivre son quartier: l'expérience du Vieux-Limoilou de 1960 à aujourd'hui." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25485.
Full textThis memoir focuses on the process of (re) appropriation by the residents of a neighborhood in the city of Quebec disturbed by urban changes largely at the time of the Quiet Revolution. By focusing on the case of Vieux-Limoilou, this study looks at the influence of lifestyles of residents in the regeneration of neighborhood life. The objectives of the research are to understand how the experience of Limoulois life leads us directly to the heart of their attachment to the neighborhood (Chapter 2); observe over time the impact of cultural practices by residents and foreigners in the neighborhood of urban functions (Chapter 3) and to analyze the effect of the imaginary neighborhood, the Limoulois representations and the perceptions of foreigners, developing a sense of belonging to their environment (Chapter 4).
Rincon, Sarmiento Julieeth Andrea. "La perception des immigrants colombiens de leur processus d'intégration à Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35444.
Full textThis exploratory qualitative study presents and examine the perceptions of the integration process of Columbian immigrants living in Quebec City. In this present paper, integration is understood as a multidimensional process which includes the socioeconomic, civic, cultural and linguistic aspects. In order to have a better understanding of the subjective experience, migratory paths and the meanings behind a “successful integration”, eleven individuals have been interviewed for this study. When analysing the participants’ discourses, the definition of integration into a new society varies between respondents; their definitions are very personal, subjective and don’t match with the definition proposed by immigration policies. For some respondents, being able to use their skills meaningfully in work is a key part of a successful integration, for others, their integration is interrelated to their capacity to develop professional endeavours in their new country. Furthermore, establishing connections with members of the host society, participating in the cultural life and learning the French language have been identified as key components of their integration in Quebec City. Finally, although the analysis of the subjective experiences of a migratory journey might help immigrants to become major stakeholders in their integration process, future research must examine strategies used by the native population to facilitate their inclusion.
El presente estudio cualitativo se interesa en la integración de los inmigrantes a la ciudad de Quebec. Orientada a la población de origen colombiano, esta investigación pretende responder a la pregunta: ¿cuál es la percepción de los inmigrantes colombianos establecidos en Quebec acerca de su proceso de integración? Para fines del presente estudio, la integración es entendida como un proceso multidimensional conformada por la esfera socioeconómica, cívica, cultural y lingüística. Con el objetivo de tener una visión más profunda acerca de la experiencia subjetiva de la integración, del trayecto migratorio así como de lo que significa para los inmigrantes una “integración exitosa”, once inmigrantes de origen colombiano fueron entrevistados. El análisis del discurso de los participantes nos indica que la definición de integración a una nueva sociedad varía de una persona a otra. Esta definición es personal y subjetiva, contrariamente a la planteada por las políticas de inmigración. Aunque para algunos inmigrantes el hecho de ocupar un empleo correspondiente a sus capacidades es significado de una integración exitosa, para otros la integración está relacionada con la posibilidad de desarrollar proyectos personales en el nuevo país. Otros factores nombrados por los participantes considerados importantes en el proceso de integración fueron la creación de lazos con los nativos de la comunidad, la participación a la vida cultural de la ciudad de Quebec y el aprendizaje del idioma francés. Finalmente, aunque el análisis del componente subjetivo del proceso migratorio pueda facilitar el estudio del proceso de integración en una nueva sociedad, sería igualmente interesante que investigaciones futuras profundicen acerca de las estrategias puestas en marcha por las poblaciones nativas para facilitar la inserción de los inmigrantes.
Péloquin, Mylène. "Le rôle de l'hétérosexisme sur la construction identitaire de la maternité chez les mères sociales lesbiennes ayant réalisé un projet de vie familial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67772.
Full textGiguère, Émilie. "Les expériences de travail des femmes cadres : s'intégrer, tenir et trouver sa place dans l’encadrement." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66864.
Full textThe recent transformations in the organization of work have upset the integration and job-retention processes of employees, especially women, who are increasingly confronted by forms of precarious, temporary and atypical work. And how does this translate to female executives, one of the highest socio-professional categories in the labour market? The aim of this thesis is to understand the subjective experiences of female executives regarding their integration, mobility and job retention processes. This research is based on a conceptual framework which integrates three theoretical perspectives to consider the female executives’ experiences. The methodology is based on a narrative research. As such, 51 individual interviews were conducted with female executives using a back-andforth process between the collection, processing and analysis of the material. The interviews were analyzed using a phenomenological examination of materials and conceptual categories to foster a deep understanding of their experiences. These analysis strategies helped to build a theorization process centred around the specific purpose and objectives of the research. Following the completion, processing and analysis of the individual interviews, three group interviews were conducted with the volunteer participants from the one-on-one interviews. These group interviews helped to further refine the theorization process. The results reveal the desire of several female executives to hold both their professional projects (supervision and management) with other life projects, such as family, personal and school projects. Throughout their professional life, female executives navigate through different areas of tension and conflict. They also experience significant tension between their professional, marital and family life. The processing and analysis of the material shows that many female executives seek to find their place in the labour market, a place where they can make a difference with their leadership role by making a human, social and financial contribution to an organization. As such, they seek a place that allows them to integrate several life projects at the same time while reducing the sacrifices necessary to do so, as well as a place where they can grow and be accomplished through their work. However, this place is not readily given them. Rather, for each of the female executives, this place must be created, defined, clarified and negotiated throughout their career path. As a consequence, they develop different work integration strategies as well as various strategies to maintain themselves in the executive sphere. Moreover, the opportunity to find this workplace depends greatly on the organizational and life contexts in which they find themselves and the social relationships they face. This in turn influences the work recognition dynamics and the construction of their identity. The analysis of this thesis highlights the different choices, renunciations and compromises made by v female executives in light of the strategies they mobilize to integrate themselves to their workplace and maintain their executive position. Finally, the female executives’ various pathways to emancipation through the work are identified and discussed.
Fortin, Stéphanie. "Le risque socioéconomique et psychosocial chez les mères inuites durant l'année postnatale et ses effets sur le développement du nourrisson à 12 mois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27953.
Full textSt-Pierre, Amélie. "Immigrer et devenir parent : l'expérience d'intégration sociale vécue par de nouvelles mères immigrantes de la ville de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29927.
Full textFor the past ten years, Québec City has faced a significant increase in the number of newcomers. Among these people, many young adults settle in the Capitale-Nationale region with the objective of working and starting a family there. We observe that many young immigrant women will have their first child within the first two years of arrival in Quebec. While they are in the process of adapting to the new country, they will also have to deal with a new role, being a mother. This exploratory study looks at how their entry into maternity influences their social integration in a recent post-migration context. It is through a qualitative approach that eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with immigrant women living in the Quebec City area. It appears that for the women we met, the choice to immigrate is above all part of the family trajectory. The results of the study suggest that language barriers, precarious socio-economic status and psychological difficulties are considered by women as the main barriers to their social integration. Despite some challenges, the data indicates that many of them will have experienced the arrival of the child as an opportunity to strengthen their social integration and take root in their new country. For others, this double transition will be experienced more painfully by involving psychological difficulties acting as barriers to integration.
Chapdelaine-Daoust, Myriam, and Myriam Chapdelaine-Daoust. "Femmes immigrantes à Québec : pratiques de bénévolat et intégration." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37732.
Full textDans les dernières années, la ville de Québec a accueilli un nombre de plus en plus important d’immigrants auxquels vient également s’ajouter un nombre significatif de résidents nonpermanents, notamment un nombre grandissant d’étudiants étrangers, ce qui amène une diversification croissante du tissu urbain. La moitié des nouveaux arrivants sont des femmes et, si la réalité de celles-ci présente en partie les mêmes enjeux que pour l’ensemble des immigrants, elles vivent souvent des obstacles encore plus importants, du fait d’être à la fois femmes et immigrantes. Toutefois, elles ont également une capacité d’agir et de mettre en oeuvre des stratégies afin de faire face aux difficultés vécues et certaines choisissent par exemple d’avoir des formes d’implication sociale au sein de la société d’accueil. Cette recherche exploratoire s’intéresse ainsi à l’une de ces stratégies, celle du bénévolat, par le biais de la réalisation d’entrevues auprès de femmes immigrantes ayant eu des pratiques de bénévolat dans les premières années de leur vie au Québec. L’objectif principal de la recherche est de comprendre la perception des femmes concernées quant au rôle qu’ont eu leurs pratiques de bénévolat dans leur parcours d’intégration. Certains constats peuvent être faits à cet égard à partir des résultats. Pour la majorité d’entre elles, le bénévolat s’inscrivait dans la continuité de leur parcours d’engagement antérieur, mais les circonstances spécifiques au contexte post-migratoire pouvaient amener des changements dans le type de bénévolats réalisés, la façon de s’engager ainsi que les motivations derrière cet engagement. Les femmes interrogées s’impliquaient en effet en fonction de principes et de valeurs ainsi que d’intérêts personnels, mais leur situation d’immigrante amenait aussi des motivations supplémentaires liées notamment à la volonté de créer des liens sociaux et de trouver leurs repères dans la société d’accueil. Les participantes constatent des impacts très positifs du bénévolat sur leur intégration et sur leur parcours de vie en contexte post-migratoire. Ces impacts peuvent toucher plusieurs sphères de leur vie et influencent particulièrement leur intégration sociale et culturelle, ainsi que professionnelle dans une moindre mesure, contribuant significativement à leur développement humain dans le contexte de leur parcours post-migratoire.
In recent years, Québec City has welcomed an increasing number of immigrants as well as a significant number of non-permanent residents, including more and more international students. This has given way to an even more diverse urban fabric. Half of the newcomers are women who, while experiencing most of the challenges shared by all immigrants, often face greater barriers due to a dual woman/immigrant status. On the other hand, immigrant women also have a capacity to act upon their lives and implement strategies to cope with their difficulties, including getting socially involved in the host society. This exploratory research focuses on one of these strategies – volunteering – through interviews with immigrant women who have volunteered in the early years of their lives in Quebec. The main objective of the research is to understand the role of volunteering with regard to the integration process. Some observations came out of our results. For the majority of participants, volunteering came in line with previous commitments while circumstances specific to post-migration could lead to changes in the types of volunteering they chose, the way they committed themselves and the motivations behind their choices. Interviewees have got involved according to their principles and values as well as their personal interests, but their immigrant status also carried additional motivations including the wish to create social
In recent years, Québec City has welcomed an increasing number of immigrants as well as a significant number of non-permanent residents, including more and more international students. This has given way to an even more diverse urban fabric. Half of the newcomers are women who, while experiencing most of the challenges shared by all immigrants, often face greater barriers due to a dual woman/immigrant status. On the other hand, immigrant women also have a capacity to act upon their lives and implement strategies to cope with their difficulties, including getting socially involved in the host society. This exploratory research focuses on one of these strategies – volunteering – through interviews with immigrant women who have volunteered in the early years of their lives in Quebec. The main objective of the research is to understand the role of volunteering with regard to the integration process. Some observations came out of our results. For the majority of participants, volunteering came in line with previous commitments while circumstances specific to post-migration could lead to changes in the types of volunteering they chose, the way they committed themselves and the motivations behind their choices. Interviewees have got involved according to their principles and values as well as their personal interests, but their immigrant status also carried additional motivations including the wish to create social
Bationo, Nebila Jean-Claude. "Engagement paternel en contexte migratoire et développement socio-affectif de l'enfant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69513.
Full textThe overall goal of this thesis is to understand immigrant fathers' acculturation strategies and their influences on their engagement and their children's social-emotional development. Specifically, it aims to: describe the acculturation strategies of immigrant fathers and explore the links between these strategies and the immigration context; clarify the relationship between acculturation strategies and different modalities of immigrant fathers' involvement; test the indirect relationship between immigrant fathers' acculturation strategies and the child's social-emotional development through paternal engagement in the context of migration. The well-being of the family and of the child in particular occupies an important place in our societies. Factors and events that may affect construction and family dynamics are now concerns for the research community. For a long time, the mother-child relationship and the role of the mother in the early development of the child have been the subject of studies and observations. The child's attachment to the mother was then presented as a logic and a norm, while the father's contribution was minimal or revealed much later. However, more studies on the engagement and place of the father in the development of the young child are seeing the day. These studies reveal the positive influence of an early and assiduous participation of the father on the development of the child. Therefore, in addition to the mother, the father is a major attachment figure for the child when he is present in the child's life. However, research that has highlighted the importance of paternal engagement or commitment has had very little interest in fathers in immigration situation. Yet, this engagement can influence the father-child relationship. Through a quantitative research design, we interviewed fathers, but also mothers (especially for the development of the child) from immigrant backgrounds. We also collected information on the socio-emotional development of their children. In total, one hundred and forty-five people (86 fathers and 45 mothers) completed various questionnaires. Most of participants come from sub-Saharan Africa (80%), followed by North Africa and Latin America. They have been living in Quebec for an average of 6 years, most of them are employed and have an annual family income of $40,000 or more. The analyses that follow focus on fathers and children. Our findings indicate that immigrant fathers in our sample have high averages both in their orientation towards their culture of origin and in their orientation towards Quebec society in terms of acculturation attitudes. Per our findings, immigrant fathers reconcile the values of their country of origin well with those of the Quebec host society. The analyses also show that fathers use different acculturation strategies (i.e. assimilation, integration, marginalization, separation), and that these strategies change depending on certain context and immigration variables (e.g. fathers' age, employment status, family income and immigration status). Moreover, acculturation strategies (attitudes and acculturation profiles) which do not remain static have an impact on paternal engagement. Thus, fathers who are oriented towards Quebec culture or who have a profile of integration or assimilation are more engaged with their children. Finally, structural equation modeling analyses show that beyond this commitment, the acculturation strategies of the father influence the socio-emotional development of the child. These actions take place in two ways. On the one hand, the attitudes and acculturation profiles of the father directly affect the socioemotional development of the child. In this situation, when the father orients himself towards Quebec culture, the child shows less anxiety and aggression while the father's orientation towards his culture of origin causes anxiety in the latter. In fact, in circumstances where the father encounters difficulties and has difficulty accepting the values of the host society, he may experience stress and anxiety that he transmits, in one way or another, to his child. On the other hand, acculturation strategies are indirectly involved in the child's socioemotional development. This observation is mostly verified for social competence. The various analyses indicate that to the extent that the father is oriented towards Quebec culture or has an integration profile, he is engaged and his child flourishes in terms of social acquisitions. In these circumstances, paternal commitment acts as a mediator in the relationship between acculturation strategies and the socio-emotional development of the child, especially the formation of his social skills. These findings are discussed in light of previous research on immigration, paternal engagement, socio-emotional development and the needs of the child. The contributions and limitations of this study as well as the avenues for future work are also discussed.
Pâquet, Martin. "Le fleuve et la cité : représentations de l'immigration et esquisses d'une action de l'État québécois, 1945-1968." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21380.
Full textTrudeau-Malo, Jennifer. "Analyse exploratoire de quatre Centres de la petite enfance au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27177.
Full textThis exploratory research, conducted in 2011, describes the implementation of several childcare centres within a socioeconomic context in four communities in Nunavik. The main objectives of this project are to analyze community conditions such as employement possibilities, health issues, childcare services and education, that engendered a demand for childcare centres, as well as to examine the impact of such services on community life. The development of childcare centres derives from a collaboration between the Kativik Regional Government (KRG) and Northern community members. Hence, we also explore the role KRG played in the developement and maintance of such services in the North. To this day, there exists few scientific studies dealing with childcare centres in Nunavik and so, we worked in collaboration with KRG to conduct this project.
Côté-Giguère, Catherine. "Parcours et voix de femmes : intégration et réseaux sociaux chez des immigrantes à Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25539.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the integration process of recent immigrant women living in Quebec City. It allows these women to define integration in their own terms, based on their personal perspectives. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the importance of social networks for these women in everyday life. For them, it appears that building social network constitutes a strategy towards integration. Paradoxically, even if they constitute a great source of support, their family networks sometimes restrain them in the achievement of their goals. In spite of having what seemed to be an advantageous situation upon their arrival in Quebec (family, economic category, highly educated), many of these women after two years in Quebec were still having a lot to go through to reach their own integration goals. Several of them were still facing the menace of isolation.
Labrecque, Katherine. "Jeunesse en mouvement : relations au monde et pratiques culturelles chez les jeunes femmes de Manawan." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25844.
Full textRobert-Careau, Flavie. "La socialisation scolaire des jeunes autochtones au Québec : l'exemple du cégep de Joliette." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33745.
Full textLyonnais, Marie-Claude. "Les médias sociaux dans le cadre d'une recherche participative en santé auprès des Inuit du Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27816.
Full textThis exploratory study aims to provide information about the use of social media as part of a communication strategy within an Inuit community-based participatory health research (CBPR). Thirty semi-structured interviews conducted with Nunavimmiut (Inuit from Nunavik), as well as the content of six Facebook groups and two Facebook pages, were the subject of a thematic analysis. The goal was to better understand the use of social media by Nunavimmiut, and the best methods to improve communication within an Inuit CBPR. The results show that social media, especially Facebook, is an effective tool to reach and involve local people in the research process, but needs to be included in a broader strategy including traditional media. Researchers also need to culturally adapt their use of social media by respecting the social and cultural norms of Inuit to communicate successfully and generate more locally valuable research results. Key words: Inuit, Nunavik, social media, community-based participatory research, health, cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural adaptation
Bolduc, Carolyne. "Cadrer la beauté : recherche-action par l'art, engagement et agentivité dans l'espace public de Limoilou." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33938.
Full textThis master’s thesis reports on an arts-based action research implemented in the public space of Limoilou, a Quebec City neighborhood. In recent decades, major economic and social transformations have led to a gentrification process in Limoilou. However, unlike many other neighborhoods in contemporary Western cities which are going through similar processes, Limoilou is the scene of many civil and community activities, demonstrations and protests. Analyzing them highlights the commitment and agency of a community of new residents struggling for power over urban space. The aim of their struggles is to remain the initiators of the projects and to keep the power over the development of the Limoilou public space. Implemented with the residents of this community, the process of creating two projects (one artistic and the other one based on tactical urbanism) has made visible a common imaginary translated into collective action. In a critical theoretical perspective, our analysis also uncovered the effects of global structural dimensions on local action while demonstrating the community's creative adaptations to them. This research therefore proposes avenues for reflection to address new forms of urban public space initiatives. Keywords: Limoilou, Urban anthropology, Arts based action-research, Public space, Agency, Civic engagement, Public art, Tactical urban planning, Gentrification.
Vallée, Dore Boromir. "L’engagement d’une communauté hétéroclite dans la négociation d’une intervention de proximité au carrefour de la revitalisation, de la gentrification et de la mixité sociale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66603.
Full textThe Saint-Roch district of Quebec City is marked by a process of revitalization, a societal mix,and diverse social challenges. This qualitative research aims to explore and understand a local intervention which is deployed there and aims to improve cohabitation between the various social groups. This is the job of the agent.e de mixité. This thesis aims to answer the following research question : How is the function of the agent.e de mixité negotiated at the intersection of the perceptions of social actors concerned by the challenges brought about by the context of revitalization of the Saint-Roch district and their expectations for this function? The theoretical framework of the research is based on constructivism and is more precisely inscribed in symbolic interactionism. Data collection was carried out with seven participants from five social groups: citizens, citizens living in poverty, community workers, traders, and workers in an institution. The results allow us to understand their perceptions of the challenges present in the context of revitalization and social mix of the district such as cohabitation, gentrification, marginalization, and judiciarisation. It also allows understanding of their expectations regarding the function, position, and skills of the agent.e de mixité. Subsequently, the results of these individual interviews were presented to a group of 12 people involved with the Projet Vie de parvis. The discussions during this meeting shed light on the dimensions of the function of the agent.e de mixité which are negotiated at the intersection of these different expectations and perceptions such as temporality, outlines, scope, and extent of function. All content has been compiled and analyzed using Dedoose.
Croce, Francesca, and Francesca Croce. "Entrepreneuriat Féminin Autochtone : une enquête qualitative exploratoire sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes Ilnuatsh dans le contexte communautaire de la Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsh." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37747.
Full textL’entrepreneuriat féminin autochtone (EFA) est considéré aujourd’hui comme un thème de recherche émergent. Il suscite un intérêt de plus en plus important pour les décideurs de politiques publiques et les organisations internationales. En effet, il a été qualifié comme une stratégie afin d’améliorer les conditions de vie des femmes autochtones, qui sont partout dans le monde, malheureusement, victimes de discrimination et de plusieurs formes de violence systémique. Malgré l’intérêt que suscite le développement socioéconomique des femmes autochtones, la carence actuelle des études sur le sujet nuit à la compréhension des caractéristiques de l’EFA, qui demeure aujourd’hui un sujet d’étude très peu exploré, particulièrement par la communauté de chercheurs en administration et en entrepreneuriat. En conséquence, le présent projet de recherche doctorale vise à combler cette lacune, à la fois théorique et empirique, grâce à la réalisation d’une enquête qualitative sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes autochtones. Grâce à une démarche qualitative exploratoire, collaborative et participative avec le milieu communautaire, la présente enquête qualitative sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes a été réalisée au cours de l’été 2018 au sein d’une communauté autochtone du Québec, soit la communauté de Mashteuiatsh, qui appartient à la Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsh. Cette enquête a été réalisée auprès de 22 femmes entrepreneures Ilnuatsh et de 5 acteurs du développement économique de la communauté. Ce projet de recherche doctorale s’inscrit dans les approches critiques en entrepreneuriat visant à élargir l’analyse de l’EFA aux aspects traditionnels de l’entrepreneuriat ainsi qu’aux modes de vie propres aux femmes autochtones. Par sa démarche exploratoire, donc, ce projet de recherche fait état des connaissances actuelles sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes Ilnuatsh, tout en promouvant leur vision de l’entrepreneuriat et leur vécu, et en expliquant comment le contexte communautaire influence leurs expériences entrepreneuriales. Les résultats de l’enquête de terrain exploratoire ont permis de mettre en lumière dix thèmes émergents liés à l’analyse de l’EFA : 1) Motivations; 2) Valeurs; 3) Autoreprésentation de la EFA; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facteurs facilitants; 6) Savoir-faire local; 7) Rôle de la femme; 8) Modes de vie et traditions; 9) Perception de l’entrepreneuriat; 10) Hybridité entrepreneuriale. De plus, le corpus empirique a permis de reconstituer l’analyse du contexte communautaire afin de contextualiser et de mieux comprendre les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes autochtones entrepreneures dans leur contexte d’action. Les résultats de cette recherche viennent combler la lacune scientifique existante sur le phénomène de l’EFA et remettent aussi en question les fondements épistémologiques de la discipline de l’entrepreneuriat « classique », telle qu’elle est divulguée et connue aujourd’hui dans l’académie. Sur le plan pratique, les résultats de cette recherche doctorale fournissent aux praticiens des recommandations visant particulièrement le développement de l’EFA et l’amélioration des initiatives existantes. Sur le plan social, cette recherche favorisera, tant par le processus utilisé que par la diffusion des résultats, l’intégration des femmes autochtones dans l’activité économique de la province de Québec, tout comme au niveau national et international, et une plus grande implication des femmes dans le développement socioéconomique de leur communauté autochtone d’appartenance. Mots clés : Approches critiques, contexte communautaire, enquête qualitative, entrepreneuriat, expériences entrepreneuriales, femmes autochtones, Québec.
Nowadays, Indigenous women entrepreneurship (IWE) is considered as an emerging research theme. It attracts a growing interest from policy-makers and international organizations. Indeed, it was described as a strategy to improve the living conditions of indigenous women, who are unfortunately considered everywhere in the world as victims of discrimination and several forms of systemic violence. There is an interest in the socio-economic development of indigenous women, but there are also insufficient studies on the topic, which undermines the understanding of the IWE characteristics. IWE is still very little explored by the research community, especially in administration and entrepreneurship. As a result, this doctoral research project aims to fill this gap, both theoretically and empirically, by conducting a qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, with the cooperation and the participation of the community, this qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women was conducted during the summer of 2018 in an indigenous community within the Province of Québec: the community of Mashteuiatsh, which belongs to the Pekuakamiulnuatsh First Nation. This qualitative survey is based on 22 women entrepreneurs Ilnuatsh and 5 actors of the economic development of the community. This doctoral research project is inspired by critical approaches to entrepreneurship and aims at broadening the analysis of IWE to the traditional aspects of entrepreneurship and to indigenous women’s lifestyles. Through its exploratory approach, this research project reports current knowledge of the entrepreneurial experiences of Ilnuatsh women, while promoting their experiences and vision of entrepreneurship, and explains how the community context impacts their entrepreneurial experiences. The results of this exploratory survey highlight 10 emergent themes related to the IWE analysis: 1) Motivations; 2) Values; 3) Self-representation of the IWE; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facilitating factors; 6) Local know-how; 7) Role of the indigenous woman; 8) Lifestyles and traditions; 9) Perception of entrepreneurship; 10) Entrepreneurial hybridity. In addition, the empirical body of work has allowed the analysis of the community context to be reconstructed in order to contextualize and better understand the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women entrepreneurs in their context of action. The results of this research help fill the existing scientific gap on IWE, and also challenge the epistemological foundations of the “classic” entrepreneurship as disclosed and known today within the academy. In practical terms, the results of this doctoral research provide practitioners with specific recommendations for the development of IWE as well as the improvement of existing initiatives. In social terms, through the process used and the disclosure of results, this research will contribute to a better integration of indigenous women in the economic activity of the Province of Québec, and both at a national and international level, and to a greater involvement of indigenous women in the socioeconomic development of their home indigenous communities. Keywords: Critical approaches, community context, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial experiences, Indigenous women, qualitative inquiry, Québec.
Nowadays, Indigenous women entrepreneurship (IWE) is considered as an emerging research theme. It attracts a growing interest from policy-makers and international organizations. Indeed, it was described as a strategy to improve the living conditions of indigenous women, who are unfortunately considered everywhere in the world as victims of discrimination and several forms of systemic violence. There is an interest in the socio-economic development of indigenous women, but there are also insufficient studies on the topic, which undermines the understanding of the IWE characteristics. IWE is still very little explored by the research community, especially in administration and entrepreneurship. As a result, this doctoral research project aims to fill this gap, both theoretically and empirically, by conducting a qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, with the cooperation and the participation of the community, this qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women was conducted during the summer of 2018 in an indigenous community within the Province of Québec: the community of Mashteuiatsh, which belongs to the Pekuakamiulnuatsh First Nation. This qualitative survey is based on 22 women entrepreneurs Ilnuatsh and 5 actors of the economic development of the community. This doctoral research project is inspired by critical approaches to entrepreneurship and aims at broadening the analysis of IWE to the traditional aspects of entrepreneurship and to indigenous women’s lifestyles. Through its exploratory approach, this research project reports current knowledge of the entrepreneurial experiences of Ilnuatsh women, while promoting their experiences and vision of entrepreneurship, and explains how the community context impacts their entrepreneurial experiences. The results of this exploratory survey highlight 10 emergent themes related to the IWE analysis: 1) Motivations; 2) Values; 3) Self-representation of the IWE; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facilitating factors; 6) Local know-how; 7) Role of the indigenous woman; 8) Lifestyles and traditions; 9) Perception of entrepreneurship; 10) Entrepreneurial hybridity. In addition, the empirical body of work has allowed the analysis of the community context to be reconstructed in order to contextualize and better understand the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women entrepreneurs in their context of action. The results of this research help fill the existing scientific gap on IWE, and also challenge the epistemological foundations of the “classic” entrepreneurship as disclosed and known today within the academy. In practical terms, the results of this doctoral research provide practitioners with specific recommendations for the development of IWE as well as the improvement of existing initiatives. In social terms, through the process used and the disclosure of results, this research will contribute to a better integration of indigenous women in the economic activity of the Province of Québec, and both at a national and international level, and to a greater involvement of indigenous women in the socioeconomic development of their home indigenous communities. Keywords: Critical approaches, community context, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial experiences, Indigenous women, qualitative inquiry, Québec.
Roy, Philippe. "Pratiques masculines : expérience et adaptation au stress vécues par les agriculteurs québécois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25385.
Full textCette étude examine quelles sont les pratiques masculines d’expérience et d’adaptation au stress chez les agriculteurs. Une attention grandissante est portée aux manières par lesquelles différentes formes de masculinités s’expriment à travers les comportements de santé des hommes. Ces comportements sont interprétés comme des pratiques masculines lorsqu’elles sont utilisées pour illustrer la construction sociale du genre masculin. D’un côté, il est attendu que les hommes montrent peu d’intérêt pour leur santé et évitent de demander de l’aide, conformément à l’idéologie masculine traditionnelle (IMT), qui valorise notamment la force, le stoïcisme, le rejet du féminin, l’indépendance et l’autonomie. D’un autre côté, il est attendu qu’ils agissent en citoyens responsables ou en bons pères en démontrant de l’intérêt pour leur santé, de même qu’une attitude positive et proactive envers les services. Parmi tous les groupes d’hommes, d’importantes préoccupations concernent la santé mentale des agriculteurs, notamment sur le plan de hauts niveaux de stress et de détresse psychologique et de suicide, de même qu’une faible utilisation des services par ceux-ci. De plus, les connaissances demeurent peu développées sur les façons dont les agriculteurs s’adaptent au stress de manière positive. La présente étude focalise sur les contextes et les circonstances pour lesquels les pratiques masculines peuvent soutenir des stratégies d’adaptation positives ou négatives. Des entrevues individuelles d’environ 120 minutes ont été réalisées auprès de 32 agriculteurs québécois et d’un groupe de discussion formé de cinq professionnels de la santé et d’associations agricoles qui interviennent auprès des agriculteurs. Les résultats identifient trois pratiques masculines conformes à l’IMT, soit la faible sensibilité ou le déni des symptômes de stress, la croyance de pouvoir s’en sortir seul et l’ignorance des services. Ces pratiques semblent associées à l’adoption de stratégies négatives comme l’isolement, l’investissement excessif dans le travail et les idéations suicidaires. À l’inverse, les pratiques masculines non conformes à l’IMT comprennent le fait de prendre au sérieux une situation de crise, une expérience positive de demande d’aide dans le passé, l’indépendance par rapport au stéréotype masculin (IMT) et l’influence de modèles identitaires qui ont déjà demandé de l’aide. Ces pratiques semblent faciliter l’adoption de stratégies positives comme l’autogestion et la demande d’aide auprès des amis, de la famille et des services professionnels. La principale recommandation consiste à promouvoir l’acceptabilité des stratégies positives auprès des agriculteurs en alignant celles-ci sur le sens des responsabilités envers la santé et le bien-être des agriculteurs eux-mêmes, de leur famille et de leur entreprise.
This study investigates the masculine practices associated with stress-related experiences and coping strategies among male farmers. Increasing attention is being paid to the way masculinities are expressed through health behaviours. These behaviours are understood as masculine practices through employing the social constructionist paradigm of gender. On one hand, men are expected to show little or no interest in their health, to avoid help-seeking, in accordance with traditional masculine ideology (TMI), which values strength, stoicism, rejection of femininity, independence and self-reliance. On the other hand, men are expected to act as good citizens, especially during fatherhood, by demonstrating interest in their health and positive, proactive attitudes towards services. In particular, male farmers require special attention as high levels of stress, psychological distress and suicide, combined with a low use of services puts them at risk. Furthermore, knowledge is limited on ways by which male farmers positively cope with stress. This study focusses on contexts and circumstances where masculine practices support positive or negative coping strategies. Individual interviews lasting approximatively 120 minutes have been performed with 32 male farmers in Quebec and one focus group with five professionals working in suicide prevention in rural areas or farming unions. Results identify three masculine practices that conform withTMI, which are low sensitivity or stress symptom denial, rigid self-reliance attitudes and a lacking knowledge of services. These practices encourage coping strategies such as social withdrawal, working excessively and contemplating suicide. On the contrary, masculine practices that resist TMI include taking crisis situations seriously, previous positive help experiences, being independent of TMI and the influence of role models who have sought help. This set of practices supports positive coping strategies such as self-management, and seeking help from family, friends and professional services. The main recommendation is to promote the acceptability of positive strategies’ among male farmers by aligning these strategies with a sense of responsibility for the health and wellbeing of their family, their farm and themselves.
Brisebois, Marouchka-Maude, and Marouchka-Maude Brisebois. "Vers une meilleure compréhension des facteurs déterminants dans le choix d'une université québécoise par les jeunes brésiliens." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26140.
Full textL’internationalisation de l’éducation est un thème d’actualité et les universités s’y intéressent pour la mobilité, les échanges de connaissances et la notoriété qu’elle génère, mais aussi pour sa nature mercantile. C’est ainsi que la mondialisation a vu naître une nouvelle source de revenus pour les établissements d’enseignement à travers le recrutement hors frontière. De nombreux auteurs ont étudié les facteurs qui entrent en jeu dans le choix des jeunes de migrer dans un autre pays pour réaliser leurs études. En revanche, peu ont ciblé le Brésil pour raffiner les connaissances sur les motivations des nouvelles générations d’universitaires à venir au Canada. Afin de mieux comprendre le profil des étudiants brésiliens qui ont choisi le Canada et le Québec comme destination, un sondage fut distribué auprès d’un échantillon de près de 1500 individus. Ce projet de recherche examine les facteurs qui entrent en cause dans la décision d’un Brésilien d’étudier dans une université québécoise.
Couture-Légaré, Joëlle. "Facteurs liés à l'abandon du judo compétitif par les athlètes féminines de l'équipe du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27703.
Full textBernard, Audrey, and Audrey Bernard. "Pratiques d'empowerment auprès des travailleuses du sexe : l'expérience du Projet L.U.N.E." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37590.
Full textSelon plusieurs, la stigmatisation constitue la principale difficulté vécue par les travailleuses du sexe (TDS). Considérant que les pratiques d’empowerment paraissent prometteuses pour surmonter les obstacles liés à la stigmatisation, les auteurs suggèrent de documenter les mécanismes associés à la réussite de ce type de pratiques auprès des TDS. Alors que les voix des TDS manquent dans les écrits, cette étude explore le point de vue des participantes et des alliées du Projet L.U.N.E., un groupe d’appartenance, de reconnaissance et de défense des droits « par et pour » des TDS. S’appuyant sur une démarche de théorisation ancrée, cette recherche qualitative et exploratoire documente les processus transformateurs par lesquels les pratiques d’empowerment permettent d’engendrer des retombées. En cohérence avec l’orientation pragmatique et interactionniste de la recherche, une attention est portée à « ce qui fonctionne » pour renverser la stigmatisation. À partir d’entretiens semi-dirigés menés auprès de 9 TDS et 5 alliées, cette étude identifie sept processus transformateurs: 1) Valoriser les TDS en redéfinissant leur image ; 2) Offrir un projet structurant qui permet de « faire de l’ordre dans sa vie » ; 3) Soutenir l’inclusion sociale des TDS en leur offrant un point d’ancrage ; 4) Favoriser la collectivisation en rassemblant les TDS; 5 ) Agir sur les rapports de pouvoir pour faciliter la participation ; 6) Intervenir pour améliorer les conditions de vie ; 7) Renforcer les connaissances et les compétences. Ce mémoire relève également quatre zones de tension inhérentes aux pratiques d’empowerment : l’ambivalence entre identification et distanciation par rapport au travail du sexe ; la conjugaison entre norme et marginalité, le passage du je au nous et le partage du pouvoir entre alliées et TDS. Tout en offrant une meilleure compréhension du processus d’empowerment, ce mémoire dégage des pistes pour améliorer l’intervention auprès des TDS.
According to some researchers, stigmatization is the main problem experienced by sex workers (SWs). Considering that empowerment practices seem promising for overcoming barriers related to stigmatization, the authors suggest documenting mechanisms associated with the success of this kind of practice among SWs. Although SWs’ voices are generally absent from the literature, this study explores the perspectives of the participants and allies of Projet L.U.N.E., a group set up to improve belonging, recognition and advocacy for and by SWs. Based on a grounded theory approach, this qualitative, exploratory study documents the transformative processes whereby empowerment practices create benefits. In accordance with the project’s pragmatic, interactive orientation, attention is focused on “what works” to overcome stigmatization. Based on semi-structured interviews with 9 SWs and 5 allies, this study identified seven transformative processes: (1) enhance SWs’ status by redefining their image ; (2) provide a structuring project that allows them to “get their lives on track” ; (3) support SWs’ social inclusion by giving them an anchor point ; (4) support collectivization by bringing SWs together ; (5) act on relationships of power to facilitate participation ; (6) act to improve living conditions ; and (7) upgrade knowledge and skills. This thesis also reveals four areas of tension inherent in empowerment practices: the ambivalence between identification and distancing in relation to sex work; the relationship between norms and marginality; the transition from “I” to “we”; and power sharing between allies and SWs. This thesis provides a better understanding of the empowerment process and also suggests ways to improve interventions with SWs.
According to some researchers, stigmatization is the main problem experienced by sex workers (SWs). Considering that empowerment practices seem promising for overcoming barriers related to stigmatization, the authors suggest documenting mechanisms associated with the success of this kind of practice among SWs. Although SWs’ voices are generally absent from the literature, this study explores the perspectives of the participants and allies of Projet L.U.N.E., a group set up to improve belonging, recognition and advocacy for and by SWs. Based on a grounded theory approach, this qualitative, exploratory study documents the transformative processes whereby empowerment practices create benefits. In accordance with the project’s pragmatic, interactive orientation, attention is focused on “what works” to overcome stigmatization. Based on semi-structured interviews with 9 SWs and 5 allies, this study identified seven transformative processes: (1) enhance SWs’ status by redefining their image ; (2) provide a structuring project that allows them to “get their lives on track” ; (3) support SWs’ social inclusion by giving them an anchor point ; (4) support collectivization by bringing SWs together ; (5) act on relationships of power to facilitate participation ; (6) act to improve living conditions ; and (7) upgrade knowledge and skills. This thesis also reveals four areas of tension inherent in empowerment practices: the ambivalence between identification and distancing in relation to sex work; the relationship between norms and marginality; the transition from “I” to “we”; and power sharing between allies and SWs. This thesis provides a better understanding of the empowerment process and also suggests ways to improve interventions with SWs.
Hins, Sara-Juliette. "Emma Gendron, polyphonie médiatique d'une femme pas comme les autres (1897-1952)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26123.
Full textOn the heels of researches in women’s literary history, this thesis focuses on Emma Gendron, a French-Canadian writer, who among others signed a play, a letter to the editor, two novels, two scenarios and many short stories in Quebec between 1920 and 1940. Despite this fact, it is mainly as a writer that she is mentioned in the story because she is the first francophone Quebec to practice this form of writing. If in general, the texts in these areas briefly trace her career and biography emphasizing journalistic aspect or film, none offers a real analysis of her works. It seems that the work in literary history have not addressed thoroughly and specifically literary trajectory and the work of polygraphs as Gendron, nor highlighted the socio-literary issues at work from the point of view of production reception when we try to understand their practice and what they represent in the literary field. First of all, this thesis traces Emma Gendron’s trajectory. It discusses her journalistic collaborations and the different postures that she adopted during her career. We then analyze the ideological tendencies at work in the column “The eternal feminine” in La Revue populaire and “Le Courrier de Manon” in Le Samedi. Then, we see that the recurrence of orphan character in the texts of Gendron opens a larger world of possibilities to this figure in fiction and is used as motor for action. Feminine self-realization, by the exercise of a profession or the choice of a husband is another track that this thesis explores. Gendron’s position in this respect is a form of médianité, a compromise between the old and modern styles. Finally, we look at the themes of modernity and Americanity. We believe that, like the treatment of the heroines who practice a profession, the position of Gendron in relation to Americanity is in-between, in médianité. Some works conveyed a more conservative ideology, while others seem to illustrate a break or some novelty compared to the dominant discourse.
Sasseville, Nathalie. "La représentation du soutien social dans la communauté autochtone de Kitcisakik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28808/28808.pdf.
Full textSoumagnas, Aurelie, and Aurelie Soumagnas. "Regard sur l'expérience et l'identité maternelle des mères innues dont l'enfant a fait l'objet de mesures de protection pour motif de négligence au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25873.
Full textLa négligence est une problématique sociale très répandue au sein des peuples autochtones au Canada (Blackstock, Trocmé, et Bennett, 2004). D’ailleurs, les mères innues, occupent une place centrale dans le suivi des services de protection de la jeunesse (SPJ) et sont régulièrement désignées en tant que premières responsables des incidents de négligence commis à l’endroit de leur enfant. Malgré ce constat, les études sur le sujet ne sont pas légion. La présente recherche tente de comprendre l’expérience des mères et leur perception de l’identité maternelle lorsque leur enfant fait l’objet de mesures de protection par la DPJ, au Québec. De fait, l’analyse des dix entrevues réalisées met en lumière le portrait de leurs réactions identitaires face au sentiment d’être jugées en tant que « mères négligentes ». Ces stratégies identitaires permettent de réduire les conséquences néfastes de la stigmatisation sur leur bien-être. Par ailleurs, les résultats soulignent l’importance de considérer sans tarder la dimension de l’identité maternelle au sein des protocoles d’intervention clinique.
Morales, Margarita. "La déqualification professionnelle des hommes hispanophones latino-américains sur le marché d'emploi québécois et son impact sur leur bien-être personnel et familial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26676.
Full textBrière, Andréanne. "L'appropriation de l'espace domestique inuit : enjeux socioculturels à Kangirsujuaq, au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25245.
Full textThe objective of this research is to explore how Inuit of the community of Kangirsujuaq, in Nunavik, Quebec occupies their space. More specifically, this research examines how these occupy their domestic space through their ability of appropriation and how Kangirsujuarmiut live in their house, imbued with a strong cultural resilience of the nomad way of life. Also, this research explores how they built their own and specific space in a context where exogenous elements of the Inuit culture are present. This study demonstrates an important dynamic of mobility linking domestic space to the community, but also to the territory while being in a highly institutionalized situation.
Roussel, Valérie. "La culture matérielle dans l'espace domestique : rupture et continuité identitaire chez des femmes autochtones à Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26618.
Full textIn this master thesis, we are interested in the relationship between domestic material culture and the conception of the identity amongst Aboriginal women recently immigrated to Quebec City, an area of study that is attracting growing interest in a large number of disciplines. So far only a few studies have addressed these issues via observations on women in urban areas. We explore thus the universe of everyday objects of Aboriginal women in this place of solace, meditation and encounter with oneself which is the new city home. For these Aboriginal women in migration from rural to urban settings, domestic objects are important vectors of personal and collective identity. Through interviews, we try to understand the identity status of these objects, their arrangement in space, and the power and scope of their uses by Aboriginal women residing in Quebec City. The indigenous women we interviewed still keep most of their inherited traditional objects that carry with them the traditional Aboriginal values, such as sharing and non-competitiveness. These values are often in conflict with those of the dominant society, such as consumerism and individualism, which can gradually slowdown and disregard the recognition of Aboriginal heritage and self-identification process of these women. However, some women continue to use their traditional objects and to participate in traditional activities that represent a link with their aboriginal communities and values.
Chatelain, Camille, and Camille Chatelain. "Les jeunes mères et l'évolution de leurs trajectoires personnelle, éducationnelle, professionnelle et familiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36836.
Full textCette étude qualitative porte sur la maternité précoce et sur l’évolution des trajectoires de vie personnelle, familiale, éducationnelle et professionnelle de douze jeunes femmes ayant eu leur premier enfant avant leur 25e anniversaire. Ce projet de mémoire sur l’expérience de maternité précoce est guidé par une question spécifique : quelles sont les perceptions des mères concernant le rôle de leur maternité considérée comme précoce sur leurs trajectoires de vie personnelle, éducationnelle, professionnelle et familiale? Le cadre d’analyse choisi pour ce mémoire est celui de la théorie des parcours de vie. Ainsi, pour mieux comprendre le parcours de vie des participantes, trois moments clés ont été examinés soit avant la grossesse, pendant la grossesse et lors de la naissance et après leur grossesse. Cette distinction a permis de voir les influences qui ont mené à une modification des trajectoires de vie de ces jeunes femmes. L’analyse thématique des données qualitatives fondée sur la rencontre de douze jeunes mères, dans le cadre d’entrevues semi-structurées, a permis d’explorer, à partir de leur perception, ce qui caractérise leur expérience et la manière dont leurs trajectoires de vie ont évolué suite à cet événement. Les résultats de ce mémoire montrent que l’expérience de maternité chez ses jeunes femmes influence les trajectoires de vie de celles-ci, mais qu’il y a aussi d’autres facteurs qui influencent l’évolution de ces trajectoires de vie. Les résultats montrent également que l’enfant est un moteur de changement pour ces femmes.
This qualitative study examines early motherhood and the changing personal, family, educational and professional life trajectories of twelve young women who had their first child before their 25th birthday. This thesis project on the experience of early motherhood is guided by a specific question: What are mothers' perceptions of the role of their maternity considered as early on their personal, educational, professional and family life trajectories? The analytical framework chosen for this thesis is that of life course theory. Thus, to better understand the participants' life course, three key moments were examined: before pregnancy, during pregnancy and at birth and after pregnancy. This distinction made it possible to see the influences that led to a change in the life trajectories of these young women. The thematic analysis of qualitative data based on the meeting of twelve young mothers in semi-structured interviews made it possible to explore, based on their perception, what characterizes their experience and how their life trajectories evolved as a result of this event. The results of this thesis show that the maternity experience of her young women influences their life trajectories, but that there are also other factors that influence the evolution of these life trajectories. The results also show that children are a driving force for change for these women.
This qualitative study examines early motherhood and the changing personal, family, educational and professional life trajectories of twelve young women who had their first child before their 25th birthday. This thesis project on the experience of early motherhood is guided by a specific question: What are mothers' perceptions of the role of their maternity considered as early on their personal, educational, professional and family life trajectories? The analytical framework chosen for this thesis is that of life course theory. Thus, to better understand the participants' life course, three key moments were examined: before pregnancy, during pregnancy and at birth and after pregnancy. This distinction made it possible to see the influences that led to a change in the life trajectories of these young women. The thematic analysis of qualitative data based on the meeting of twelve young mothers in semi-structured interviews made it possible to explore, based on their perception, what characterizes their experience and how their life trajectories evolved as a result of this event. The results of this thesis show that the maternity experience of her young women influences their life trajectories, but that there are also other factors that influence the evolution of these life trajectories. The results also show that children are a driving force for change for these women.
Gagnon, Marie. "Étude des points de vue des adultes présentant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme à l'égard de leur participation sociale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28238.
Full textThis qualitative study focuses on the social participation of young adults living with high functioning autism or with Asperger syndrome. Today, many adults with autism receive services to support their social integration. On the other hand, experts highlight the existence of mismatches between their needs and the services received, which can hinder the exercise of their full social participation. In this regard, 11 young adults aged to 19 to 32 were asked about what facilitates and hinders their social participation. The 11 semi-structured interviews took place. Then, they were transcribed, and a mixed content analysis was conducted using the NVivo 11 software. The theoretical framework Human Development Model - Disability Creation Process (HDM-DCP 2) guided the data analysis. The results highlight people's views on the obstacles and facilitators encountered in achieving their social participation goals. Interpersonal relationships, education, and work emerge as important elements for respondents' social participation. They seem to encounter some facilitators, but also several obstacles that undermine the achievement of their social participation, which is entirely satisfactory according to their opinion. In addition, participants spoke about the services received, as factors that can harm or facilitate the exercise of their social participation. Perspectives for the development of services and research in the field of autism are also discussed to better support the achievement of social participation of adults with high functioning autism or with Asperger syndrome. Keywords : qualitative research, social participation, autism spectrum disorder, Asperger syndrome, high functioning autism, transition to adulthood, relationships, education, work.
Aubuchon, Marie-Pier. "Perspectives d'avenir chez les jeunes atikamekws d'Opitciwan." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27175.
Full textThis sociology research project aims to shed light on the aspirations of the Atikamekw youth of Opitciwan; one of the three poverty struck Atikamekw communities in the Northern Saint-Maurice region of Québec, Canada. Its further aim is to discover the attitude of Atikamekw youth towards school education and employment. First, a brief portrait will be painted of the socio-economical, historical and political situation of the community. Then, the National Household Survey of 2011 statistics will be examined to define the socio-economical conditions of the community by paying a particular attention to the relationship between schooling, employment and income. This quantitative analysis will allow us to discover the dynamic of these three variables within the community of Opitciwan. Secondly, semi-structured interviews will be carried out with Opitciwan’s youth to identify their aspirations and motives. Our interview strategy will examine the reasoning of the participants’ aspirations such as the impressions they have of their possible future and how they conceive the achievement of their ambitions. Four socio-types will be created from this qualitative analysis to categorise the results and help facilitate their interpretation. The resulting socio-types are: the ambitious, the conscious-realistic, the insecure and the passive type. Finally, the quantitative and qualitative analysis will be compared. This will allow us to identify and expose the similarities and differences between the realities of the community and the values of its youth. This study will, most importantly, generate a better understanding of the attitude of Atikamekw youth towards education and employment. It will also allow us to discover the dynamic between education, employment and income in the community and aid in identifying Opitciwans’ socio-economic needs.
Ellington, Lisa. "Conceptions et expériences des hommes amérindiens ayant vécu des incidents de violence conjugale au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25753.
Full textParadis, Vigneault Marie-Claude. "Par les mains pour les yeux : Les représentations de l'identité sourde au sein de performances artistiques de la scène montréalaise." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29327/29327.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is based on ethnographic research conducted primarily within the Montreal’s Deaf community and tries to identify Deaf identity representations through artistic performances of the Montreal scene. The purpose of the research is to include Deaf culture in the social and scientific reflections about the expression of their cultural identity by minorities, through the arts. In an attempt to demonstrate the links, both theoretical and practical, between the Deaf identity and recognized social and socio-political minorities such as Blacks, gays, women or Queers, this study is grounded in the concepts of performativity (Judith Butler), performance (Clifford Geertz and Victor Turner) and representations (Moscovici and Stuart Hall). It also demonstrates the relationships between these concepts, the subjects’ personal experiences, their agency and their artistic expression.
Coneo, Yarledis. "Les stratégies de conciliation travail-famille des femmes entrepreneures de la Capitale-Nationale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26684.
Full textLa sphère familiale et l’entrepreneuriat sont interreliés et complémentaires. Cependant les exigences élevées de part et d’autre brisent l’harmonie. Les enjeux de conciliation entrepreneuriat-vie familiale sont particulièrement importants pour les femmes. Par ailleurs, la littérature sur la conciliation travail-famille (CTF) a documenté les répercussions du conflit entre ces deux sphères ainsi que les moyens pour pallier ces défis. Cependant, la plupart des recherches portent sur les personnes en emploi. Cette recherche qualitative vise à identifier les stratégies de CTF utilisées par les femmes entrepreneures de la Capitale-Nationale, à comprendre les facteurs influençant leur choix de stratégies et à analyser les effets de ces dernières. L’analyse de contenu et le développement de cas individuels ont permis de répertorier dix-neuf (19) stratégies et de les catégoriser selon la typologie de Neal et Hammer (2007) : comportementales, cognitives et affectives. Selon l’analyse, il n’y aurait pas de stratégie parfaite. Cependant, certaines caractéristiques chez les entrepreneures, leur sphère famille et leur entreprise peuvent être des facilitateurs ou des contraintes lors du choix et de la mise en place des stratégies de CTF. Mots-clés : stratégies de conciliation travail-famille, conciliation travail-famille, entrepreneuriat féminin, femmes, méthode qualitative.
Lapointe, Mathilde. "La santé et le bien-être des Inuit vivant à Montréal : perspectives, expériences et ressources en contexte urbain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68413.
Full textThis study explores the way Inuit who live permanently in Montreal perceive their health and their ability to maintain and restore it in their local urban context. In partnership with the Qanuikkat Siqinirmiut? project, this research in medical anthropology aims to contribute to a knowledge base on the health and well-being of Inuit living in southern Quebec. Rooted in a critical and post-colonial perspective, the analysis of the ethnographic data collected during this fieldwork focuses on urban Inuit’s perspectives of their health and well-being, as well as their capacity to maintain or restore it, according to the institutional, community and personal resources available in Montreal. As part of the macro-social analysis, we explore how colonization is a historical, political and economic process that still influences participants' options, choices and behaviours regarding their ability to maintain or restore their health and well-being in an urban context. At the meso-social level, we focus on their perspectives and experiences within the professional (the public health system and non-insured health services) and alternative (community and personal resources) sectors of healthcare. Finally, at the microsocial level, we are seeking to capture how participants live, negotiate and define their health and their well-being in order to emphasize the outlines of their conceptualization of these notions. Four dimensions (physical, mental, cultural/identity and social) emerged from the analysis of the popular sector, a sector where depictions of health are individually and collectively defined.
Dubé, Roxanne. "« Chez-soi », après s'être relogé? : le point de vue d'aînés en habitat communautaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28287.
Full textKelly, Charlotte. "Montréal en ruelles : le récit de l'appropriation du lieu par les résidents de Rosemont-La Petite-Patrie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25490.
Full textDesgagnés, Jean-Yves. "La pauvreté au masculin : de l'autoréalisation de soi à la "Vie Nue"." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26878.
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