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Journal articles on the topic 'Quebrada de Macul (Chile)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Vargas, Ximena. "Corrientes de detritos en la quebrada de Macul, Chile. Estudio de caudales máximos." Ingeniería del agua 6, no. 4 (December 31, 1999): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ia.1999.2798.

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Se analiza la ocurrencia de corrientes de detritos en una cuenca andina en la que no se dispone de información fluviométrica y que se desarrolla en los primeros contrafuertes de la Cordillera de Los Andes, en una zona cercana a la ciudad de Santiago, Chile. Se estiman los caudales líquidos asociados a los mayores eventos históricos que de acuerdo a la literatura pueden clasificarse como flujos de barro o de detritos y se analiza la forma tradicional de determinación de caudales de diseño en cuencas pluvionivales. Dada la incidencia que estos eventos tienen sobre la población de zonas aledañas al cauce, se evalúa la crecida máxima probable susceptible de ocurrir en la cuenca en estudio.

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2

Biskupovic, Consuelo. "Desnaturalizar lo natural. El aluvión de la Quebrada de Macul como proceso social en Santiago de Chile." Antropologías del Sur 6, no. 12 (December 31, 2019): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/rantros.v6i12.1550.

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Las formas en que las personas explican los desastres “naturales”, el rol que juega la ciencia, los expertos y el saber “técnico”, permiten dar cuenta de cómo el aluvión de 1993 no se puede entender solamente desde la naturaleza. En un primer momento, este artículo revisa procesos y decisiones que permiten entender los efectos del aluvión de 1993 en la Quebrada de Macul, comuna de La Florida, Santiago, Chile. A través de los relatos de diferentes actores afectados por el desastre y la revisión de archivos guardados por protagonistas de la catástrofe, vemos cómo estos perciben y describen el aluvión. Las voces de los vecinos, habitantes de la precordillera, autoridades y científicos muestran cómo los antecedentes existentes previo al desastre son importantes para comprender el proceso político, de compromiso, que desarrollan progresivamente los habitantes de la precordillera. La falta de consideración de las particularidades territoriales invisibiliza las especificidades y vulnerabilidades a las que pueden estar expuestos los habitantes.

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3

Acuña, Valentina, Francisca Roldán, Manuel Tironi, and Leila Juzam. "The Geo-Social Model: A Transdisciplinary Approach to Flow-Type Landslide Analysis and Prevention." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052501.

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Landslide disaster risks increase worldwide, particularly in urban areas. To design and implement more effective and democratic risk reduction programs, calls for transdisciplinary approaches have recently increased. However, little attention has been paid to the actual articulation of transdisciplinary methods and their associated challenges. To fill this gap, we draw on the case of the 1993 Quebrada de Macul disaster, Chile, to propose what we label as the Geo-Social Model. This experimental methodology aims at integrating recursive interactions between geological and social factors configuring landslide for more robust and inclusive analyses and interventions. It builds upon three analytical blocks or site-specific environments in constant co-determination: (1) The geology and geomorphology of the study area; (2) the built environment, encompassing infrastructural, urban, and planning conditions; and (3) the sociocultural environment, which includes community memory, risk perceptions, and territorial organizing. Our results are summarized in a geo-social map that systematizes the complex interactions between the three environments that facilitated the Quebrada de Macul flow-type landslide. While our results are specific to this event, we argue that the Geo-Social Model can be applied to other territories. In our conclusions, we suggest, first, that landslides in urban contexts are often the result of anthropogenic disruptions of natural balances and systems, often related to the lack of place-sensitive urban planning. Second, that transdisciplinary approaches are critical for sustaining robust and politically effective landslide risk prevention plans. Finally, that inter- and trans-disciplinary approaches to landslide risk prevention need to be integrated into municipal-level planning for a better understanding of—and prevention of—socio-natural hazards.

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4

Leiva, Francisco, Rodrigo Mesa, and Jorge Pavic. "Recuperando un río y rehabilitando un borde : La Quebrada de Macul." Revista de Arquitectura 4, no. 4 (January 1, 1993): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-5427.1993.30911.

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5

Díaz-Letelier, Gonzalo. "Singularidad, forma y gobierno. Lucrecio y los términos de un republicanismo material y salvaje." Ox�mora Revista Internacional de �tica y Pol�tica, no. 17 (July 7, 2020): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/oxi.2020.i17.31562.

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6

López-Morales, Ernesto, Ivo Gasic Klet, and Daniel Meza Corvalán. "Captura desigual de renta de suelo y desplazamiento exclusionario. Indicadores generales del proceso de gentrificación en Santiago de Chile, 2000-2012." Cadernos Metrópole 16, no. 32 (November 2014): 565–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-9996.2014-3212.

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Santiago viene experimentando un proceso de re-estructuración, coherente al ingreso de lógicas neoliberales de producción del espacio desarrollado las últimas décadas. El proceso de renovación urbana del área central y pericentral de la ciudad es en la actualidad el modo de producción espacial dominante, el cual se apropia de espacios bien dotados de infraestructura pública pero que presentan históricamente una baja inversión pública y privada. Se problematiza así la gentrificación, con foco en los procesos de captura desigual de renta del suelo urbano y consecuente desplazamiento exclusionario, en cuatro comunas del área central y pericentral con alta producción inmobiliaria: Recoleta, Ñuñoa, Macul y Santiago.

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7

Rech, Jason A., Jeffrey S. Pigati, Jay Quade, and Julio L. Betancourt. "Re-evaluation of mid-Holocene deposits at Quebrada Puripica, northern Chile." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 194, no. 1-3 (May 2003): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00278-5.

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8

Quintanilla Pérez, Victor, and Mauricio Morales Constanzo. "Degradación de microcuencas de gran valor geobotánico en la zona costera mediterránea de Chile. Antecedentes para restauración ecológica." Geographicalia, no. 61 (May 26, 2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_geoph/geoph.201261845.

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Se presenta un estudio que valora las comunidades florísticasexistentes en dos microcuencas costeras desde un punto de vistabiogeográfico: Quebrada de San Jerónimo y Quebrada de Córdova, considerandoademás su distribución espacial y las relaciones que se establecenen los diferentes ambientes naturales de estos microrelieveshúmedos, que bajan de lomajes costeros de la zona mediterránea deChile central. Básicamente la existencia de microclimas húmedos conconstantes nieblas, favorecen el desarrollo de especies del bosque esclerófilohúmedo, destacándose en la microcuenca de Córdova, la presenciade especies propias de las formaciones vegetales del sur de Chile,con tres especies endémicas, considerando además que aquí habita unbosque relicto de un árbol austral, Aextoxicon punctatum. Sin embargoestas microcuencas están afectadas por fuegos, erosión y perturbacionesantrópicas, por lo cual es urgente llevar a cabo medidas de proteccióny de restauración ecológica. La degradación es un proceso constante.

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9

Collado, Gonzalo A., and Carmen Gloria Fuentealba. "Range extension of the poorly known and Critically Endangered freshwater snail, Heleobia transitoria (Biese, 1947) (Gastropoda, Cochliopidae), in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile." Check List 16, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.3.785.

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The range distribution of Heleobia transitoria (Biese, 1947) is confined only to its type locality, Quebrada Cachina, a ravine located on the Atacama Desert coast in the Antofagasta Region, northern Chile. The species is classified as “En Peligro Crítico” according to Ministry of the Environment of Chile, a category equivalent to Critically Endangered (CR) of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, in part for its restricted distribution. This paper reports the occurrence of H. transitoria in the Atacama Region, Chile, after the study of morphological characters using light and scanning electron microscopy. This new record highlights considering the limited distribution and current conservation status of the species.

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10

Suarez, M., and C. M. Bell. "Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous continental and coastal saline lake evaporites inthe Atacama region of northern Chile." Geological Magazine 124, no. 5 (September 1987): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800017040.

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AbstractEvaporites within Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous sequences in the Atacama region of northern Chile are interpreted as the deposits of continental and coastal saline lakes. Halite casts and finely laminated calcareous evaporites, intercalated with alluvial and fluvial sediments, are probably playa lake deposits. These continental evaporites have been recognized in Upper Triassic alluvial sediments (Cifuncho Formation), in Upper Triassic–Lower Jurassic braided river deposits (basal unit of the Pan de Azúcar Formation), and within a sequence of Lower Cretaceous aeolian, alluvial and playa lake mudflat sediments (Quebrada Monardes Formation). Lower Cretaceous evaporites between marine limestones (Lautaro Formation) and continental redbeds (Quebrada Monardes Formation) were probably deposited in coastal saline lagoons, produced during a regionally extensive marine regression.These sequences, and other similar successions in northern Chile, provide a record of almost continuous evaporite deposition, and hence of arid to semi-arid conditions, since Upper Triassic times. These conditions were primarily the result of a constant latitudinal position within the subtropical zone. A contributary factor was the geographical position of the area, initially on the west coast of Gondwanaland and subsequently on the coast of South America, with cold, northward-flowing ocean currents and offshore winds.

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11

Marfil, Carlos F., Natalia B. Pigni, Elsa L. Camadro, and Ricardo W. Masuelli. "Genetic and morphological variability in populations of the wild diploid potato species Solanum maglia and Solanum kurtzianum from Argentina." Botany 89, no. 1 (January 2011): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b10-085.

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Solanum maglia Schltdl., a wild potato species that has its widest geographical distribution in Chile, is restricted in Argentina to Quebrada La Cumbre (quebrada = gorge), Mendoza province, where no other potato species has been reported. During two collecting expeditions carried out in 2006 and 2007 in this gorge, tubers of two potato populations separated by 500 m (area 1 and 2) were sampled. The morphological and genetic diversity of these two newly sampled populations and of five accessions from the same gorge classified as S. maglia, a plant of Solanum kurtzianum collected outside this gorge, and a Chilean plant of S. maglia were examined by comparing 24 morphological characters and electrophoretic patterns for simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, respectively. Based on the current taxonomic concept, the results support the classification of plants from area 1 as S. kurtzianum and those from area 2 as S. maglia, except for one plant from the former area, which shared electrophoretic bands from both species. This is the first report on the sympatry of populations of the two species in Quebrada La Cumbre. The importance of performing in situ population studies in the same sites over years is discussed.

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12

Herbst, Rafael, and Alejandro Troncoso. "La flora Triásica de la Quebrada Doña Inés Chica, Región de Atacama, Chile." Gaea - Journal of Geoscience 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/gaea.2012.82.03.

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13

Salazar, Diego, Valentina Figueroa, Benoit Mille, Diego Morata, and Hernán Salinas. "Metalurgia prehispánica en las sociedades costeras del norte de Chile (quebrada Mamilla, Tocopilla)." Estudios atacameños, no. 40 (2010): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-10432010000200003.

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14

Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, Fermín M. Alfaro, P. Agusto, Juan P. Castillo, Andrés A. Ojanguren-Affilastro, and Jorge Cepeda-Pizarro. "Arthropod assemblages of the Quebrada del Morel private protected area (Atacama Region, Chile)." Pan-Pacific Entomologist 88, no. 1 (January 2012): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3956/2011-14.1.

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15

Cañete Islas, Omar. "Habitar en la quebrada. Resiliencia urbana y lenguaje de patrones en Valparaíso, Chile." Revista de Urbanismo, no. 37 (December 27, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0717-5051.2017.47987.

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Dada la complejidad de los procesos de asentamiento urbano vernacular en Valparaíso, Chile, es que se hace necesario desarrollar modos integrados de comprensión y análisis de la realidad, que incorporen dicha complejidad. En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión teórico-metodológica de dos enfoques teóricos que permiten una aproximación y comprensión al problema del habitar de Valparaíso y la formación de tejido urbano, sus lazos sociales, y carácter vernáculo tan característico: por un lado, la noción de lenguaje de patrones de habitabilidad de Alexander y, por otro, la noción de resiliencia urbana, con los cuales se articula un marco de estudio más integral que caracterice, describa y comprenda tal complejidad. Se revisan algunos estudios y sus consecuentes criterios de análisis, los que describen el habitar vernáculo propio de esta ciudad y sus alcances.

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16

Patané Aráoz, Claudio Javier, Javier Luis Piraino, and Néstor Omar Suzaño. "PC/QT-S3: un sitio multicomponente en la Quebrada del Toro con artefactos líticos “típicos” de la puna. Identificación de una nueva área ocupada en el poblamiento humano durante el Holoceno temprano." Comechingonia. Revista de Arqueología 24, no. 2 (August 8, 2020): 159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37603/2250.7728.v24.n2.28913.

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En este trabajo presentamos información de un sitio (PC/QT-S3) localizado en la quebrada del Toro (provincia de Salta). Aquí analizaremos un conjunto lítico recolectado de superficie en ese sitio. Por un lado, se presentará un análisis tecno-morfológico y morfológico-funcional efectuado en ese conjunto. Por otro lado, los registros de artefactos temporalmente diagnósticos de distintas instancias del Holoceno (temprano, medio y tardío) proveen bases para sostener que el sitio fuera ocupado recurrentemente en el tiempo. Dentro del conjunto analizado destacan los registros de artefactos líticos del Holoceno temprano y medio que son reconocidos generalmente en la Puna de Argentina y Chile. La primera ocupación de este sitio, basada en una cronología relativa, permite discutir la inclusión de este sitio -y de la quebrada del Toro- en las primeras instancias del poblamiento en la provincia de Salta, más allá de la Puna.

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17

Suarez, M., and C. M. Bell. "The oldest South American ichthyosaur from the late Triassic of northern Chile." Geological Magazine 129, no. 2 (March 1992): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800008323.

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AbstractIchthyosaur remains found in late Triassic shallow marine limestones in Quebrada Doña Inés Chica (latitude 26° 07′ S; longitude 69° 20′ W), northern Chile, are the oldest known ichthyosaur fossils from Central and South America. The previous oldest South American ichthyosaur was recorded in Hettangian rocks, also from northern Chile. The fossils comprise five worn teeth, one paddle bone and one scapula or humerus fragment, all collected from a single bed at the same locality. Although the material has not been identified to a generic or specific level, its presence alone broadens the knowledge of the distribution and habitat of Triassic ichthyosaurs. Late Triassic ammonites and brachiopods in the same stratum provide the age control.

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18

Fernández-López, Sixto R., and Guillermo B. Chong Diaz. "Dimorphinites(Ammonoidea, Jurassic, upper Bajocian) in the precordillera of northern Chile." Journal of Paleontology 85, no. 3 (May 2011): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10-099.1.

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A new upper Bajocian ammonite assemblage containing the morphoceratidsDimorphinites dimorphus(d'Orbigny) andVigoriceras defrancei(d'Orbigny) is reported from the circum-Pacific area. These ammonites were found at the top of the Torcazas Formation, in the Quebrada San Pedro area, Precordillera of northern Chile. Taphonomic, systematic, and paleobiogeographic data confirm these dimorphs were part of indigenous populations within the Tarapaca Basin, belonging to the same demic biospecies:Dimorphinites defrancei(d'Orbigny). The West Tethyan and East-Pacific distribution ofD. defranceicorroborates the availability of the migratory seaway, the so-called Hispanic Corridor, between the western Tethys and the eastern Pacific Ocean during the upper Bajocian Parkinsoni Zone. The discovery of this upper BajocianDimorphinitesassemblage provides a new biochronostratigraphic horizon in the Tarapaca Basin and an interoceanic correlation point for the latest Bajocian.

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19

Grosjean, Martin, Lautaro Núñez, Isabel Cartajena, and Bruno Messerli. "Mid-Holocene Climate and Culture Change in the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile." Quaternary Research 48, no. 2 (September 1997): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1917.

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AbstractTwenty archaeological campsites intercalated between more than 30 debris flows caused by heavy rainfall events between 6200 and 3100 14C yr B.P. have recently been discovered at Quebrada Puripica in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. This record provides detailed information about extreme, short-lived climatic events during the hyperarid mid-Holocene period. For the first time, we found evidence of continuous human occupation in this area, filling the regional hiatus in the Atacama basin (“Silencio Arqueologico”) between 8000 and 4800 14C yr B.P. The transformation of Early Archaic hunters into the complex Late Archaic cultural tradition was an adaptive process. During this time, the site was a local ecological refuge with abundant resources in a generally hostile environment.

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20

Cerdeño, E., M. Reguero, and B. Vera. "Deseadan Archaeohyracidae (Notoungulata) from Quebrada Fiera (Mendoza, Argentina) in the paleobiogeographic context of the South American late Oligocene." Journal of Paleontology 84, no. 6 (November 2010): 1177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10-024.1.

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Recent field work at the Deseadan (late Oligocene) locality of Quebrada Fiera (Mendoza Province, Argentina) has provided new fossil remains that greatly increased the faunal assemblage of this site. A good number of specimens correspond to the Family Archaeohyracidae (Notoungulata) and are presented in this paper. Most of them are recognized as a unique taxon, corresponding to the genus Archaeohyrax, characterized by the presence of a strong, shallow, wide sulcus on the labial side of the talonid of m3. At specific level, it is identified with the species A. suniensis previously recognized at Salla (Bolivia). Specimens with different tooth wear degree show an intraspecific variation in occlusal morphology comparable to that observed among the Bolivian material. In addition to A. suniensis, an isolated p2 is tentatively related to Archaeotypotherium, due to their hypsodont but rooted condition and larger size. Two other isolated lower molars from this site had been previously related to this genus but they are comparable to the new specimens ascribed to Archaeohyrax. The identification of Archaeotypotherium is not well supported at present, but if later confirmed, it would increase the temporal distribution of the genus, so far recorded in Tinguirirican (early Oligocene) localities of Chile and Argentina. The recognition of A. suniensis in Quebrada Fiera establishes a greater affinity with the lower latitude Deseadan fauna of Salla than with that from Patagonia, where the genus is represented by A. patagonicus. Other faunal elements from Quebrada Fiera, however, do not support this affinity with Bolivia. Xenarthrans or some marsupials are equivalent to those from Patagonia, while other taxa such as the recently described notohippid or a rare, tiny metatheria are at present exclusive for Mendoza. The increasing knowledge of the Quebrada Fiera assemblage contributes to a better understanding of the paleogeographic scenario of Southern South America during late Oligocene.

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21

Ortega, Cristina, Gabriel Vargas, José A. Rutllant, Donald Jackson, and César Méndez. "Major hydrological regime change along the semiarid western coast of South America during the early Holocene." Quaternary Research 78, no. 3 (September 8, 2012): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.08.002.

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AbstractWater availability in the semiarid western coast of Chile (30–32°S) is conditioned by high interannual precipitation variability, reflecting the transition between arid subtropical and moist mid-latitude climates in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean. A paleoclimate reconstruction based on the latest Pleistocene–Holocene geological record from the Quebrada Santa Julia archeological site in Chile (31°50′S) and on modern meteorological mechanisms producing alluvial episodes in this region indicates a major change in the rainfall regime shortly after 8600 cal yr BP. This, together with other paleoclimate proxies along the west coast of South America (34°–14°S), suggests La Niña-like conditions 13,000–8600 cal yr BP. Based on sedimentological and geomorphologic evidence, we hypothesized that the absence of heavy rainfall events in northern Chile and the new hydrological regime that prevailed ca. 8600–5700 cal yr BP in north-central Chile resulted from an increase in the large-scale westerly flow over central Chile, as expected in near-neutral ENSO conditions. This atmospheric circulation anomaly is compatible with an equatorward shift of the influence of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone relative to the early Holocene, prior to the onset of modern ENSO variability.

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22

Zori, Colleen M., and Peter Tropper. "LATE PRE-HISPANIC AND EARLY COLONIAL SILVER PRODUCTION IN THE QUEBRADA DE TARAPACÁ, NORTHERN CHILE." Boletín del Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino 15, no. 2 (2010): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-68942010000200005.

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23

Mather, Anne E., and Adrian Hartley. "Flow events on a hyper-arid alluvial fan: Quebrada Tambores, Salar de Atacama, northern Chile." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 251, no. 1 (2005): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.251.01.02.

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24

Bell, C. M., and M. Suarez. "Late Triassic fluvial and marine shelf succession, Quebrada Doña Inés Chica, Atacama region, northern Chile." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 4, no. 4 (January 1991): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-9811(91)90002-3.

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25

Oyarzun, R., L. Ortega, J. Sierra, R. Lunar, and J. Oyarzun. "Cu, Mn, and Ag mineralization in the Quebrada Marquesa Quadrangle, Chile: the Talcuna and Arqueros districts." Mineralium Deposita 33, no. 6 (October 1, 1998): 547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001260050171.

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26

Cadierno Gutiérrez, Jon. "Análisis y planificación de zonas inundables. Estudio de caso: Quebrada y Canal de Ramón, Santiago de Chile." Geographicalia, no. 66 (April 15, 2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_geoph/geoph.2014661067.

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El presente trabajo aborda el análisis y la planificación de una zona inundable en Santiago de Chile afectada por los desbordamientos de la Quebrada de Ramón. A partir del análisis del marco normativo vigente sobre áreas inundables, la elaboración de diagnósticos acerca del comportamiento de caudales y la evaluación del cumplimiento de la normativa y la adecuación de los usos del suelo dentro de las zonas de restricción delimitadas por los planes reguladores, se presenta una serie de propuestas para la elaboración de una nueva planificación de zonas inundables. La base de estas alternativas es la recuperación parcial del Territorio Fluvial, proponiéndose así soluciones desde la ordenación del territorio que mitiguen el riesgo de la población expuesta, principalmente a través de la eliminación de obstáculos para permitir a las crecidas re-ocupar áreas que pertenecen a la dinámica fluvial.

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27

Hunt, John P. "Applied geology at Quebrada Blanca and Collahuasi, Chile, and in the future of U. S. metal mining." Economic Geology 80, no. 3 (May 1, 1985): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.80.3.794.

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28

Holden, Timothy G. "Evidence of prehistoric diet from northern Chile: Coprolites, gut contents and flotation samples from the Tulán quebrada." World Archaeology 22, no. 3 (February 1991): 320–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1991.9980149.

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29

Lieben, F. "Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Age Constraints on the Zn-Pb Skarn Deposit of Maria Cristina, Quebrada Galena, Northern Chile." Economic Geology 95, no. 6 (September 1, 2000): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/95.6.1185.

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30

Lieben, Franç, Robert Moritz, and Lluí Fontboté. "Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Age Constraints on the Zn-Pb Skarn Deposit of Maria Cristina, Quebrada Galena, Northern Chile." Economic Geology 95, no. 6 (September 2000): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.95.6.1185.

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31

Ugalde, Paula C., Jay Quade, Calogero M. Santoro, and Vance T. Holliday. "Processes of Paleoindian site and desert pavement formation in the Atacama Desert, Chile." Quaternary Research 98 (June 19, 2020): 58–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2020.39.

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AbstractA distinct feature of many of the earliest archaeological sites (13,000-11,200 cal yr BP) at the core of the Atacama Desert is that they lie at or just below the surface, often encased in desert pavements. In this study, we compare these sites and undisturbed desert pavements to understand archaeological site formation and pavement development and recovery. Our results indicate these pavements and their soils are poorly developed regardless of their age. We propose that this is because of sustained lack of rain and extreme physical breakdown of clasts by salt expansion. Thus, the core of the Atacama provides an example of the lower limits of rainfall (<50 mm/yr) needed to form desert pavements. At site Quebrada Maní 12 (QM12), humans destroyed the pavement. After abandonment, human-made depressions were filled with eolian sands, incorporating artifacts in shallow deposits. Small and medium-sized artifacts preferentially migrated upwards, perhaps due to earthquakes and the action of salts. These artifacts, which now form palimpsests at the surface, helped – along with older clasts - to restore surface clast cover. Larger archaeological features remained undisturbed on top of a deeper Byzm horizon. The vesicular A horizons (Av horizons) have not regenerated on the archaeological sites due to extreme scarcity of rainfall during the Holocene.

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Núñez, Lautaro, Juan Varela, Rodolfo Casamiquela, and Carolina Villagrán. "Reconstruccion Multidisciplinaria de la Ocupacion Prehistorica de Quereo, Centro de Chile." Latin American Antiquity 5, no. 2 (June 1994): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971558.

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ResumenSe describe una secuencia cultural y natural correspondiente al Pleistoceno tardío-Holoceno, identificada a unos cinco kilómetros al sur de los Vilos en la costa sur de la región semiárida de Chile, asociada a actividades humanas y fauna fósil. Se desarrollaron excavaciones de control vertical y horizontal para localizar las evidencias paleontologicas y arqueológicas in situ. Se harnearon con agua cerca de 217 m3 de sedimentos lacustres y fueron recuperados por flotación los materiales orgánicos. Tres columnas estratigráficas fueron muestreadas para análisis sedimentológico, microfaunístico, palinológico y paleontológico.En un primer paso se definió la Formación Quebrada Quereo (Cuaternario) que consta de seis miembros emplazados en un relleno depositado en una fosa tectónica. La ocupación humana, y su interacción con la variabilidad ambiental, faunística y florística, durante el Pleistoceno Superior-Holoceno, es analizada con un criterio multidisciplinario. Se propone un esquema de correlación entre la secuencia de unidades lito-cronoestratigráficas, las condiciones paleogeográficas y bióticas, la secuencia de eventos geomorfológicos y los niveles de la secuencia cultural. El nivel Quereo I (> 11.400 años A.P.) presenta evidencias de probable origen humano asociadas a caza de Equus sp. Condiciones de aridez, al término del Pleistoceno, habrían acelerado la sobreexplotación de megamamíferos (nivel Quereo II) por los 11.100 ± 150 a 9.370 ± 180 A.P. Posteriormente, condiciones sociales y ambientales favorables reactivaron el hábitat de Quereo, representadas por una ocupación Arcaica Tardía (nivel Quereo III), datada en 2.475 ± 90 años A.P., y otra agrocerámica (nivel Quereo IV), fechada en 1.280 ± 75 años A.P.

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Covey, R. Alan. "Inka Administration of the Far South Coast of Peru." Latin American Antiquity 11, no. 2 (June 2000): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971851.

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This paper examines ethnohistoric and archaeological evidence of Inka imperial strategies for controlling resources and people in the Titicaca Basin and the coastal valleys of southern Peru and northern Chile, and suggests that Inka imperial policies were adapted to meet local conditions in a series of dynamic political and economic interactions. In the coastal region between the Tambo Valley of southern Peru and the Azapa Valley of northern Chile, Inka policies included, variously, the resettlement of labor colonists (mitmaqkuna), the direct incorporation of coastal groups, and the maintenance of alliances with autonomous coastal elites. Altiplano elites exploited the imperial system to extend their own networks of colonization and exchange. Recent archaeological surveys in the Ilo-Ite coastal region, as well as unpublished data collected by Gary Vescelius between 1958 and 1960, indicate that the Inka developed more direct control of the south-central coast than earlier polities had achieved, but that imperial control over this region was limited and influenced by the persistence of autonomous coastal groups. Groups around Ilo remained fairly independent, while parts of the Tambo and Sama valleys and the Quebrada Tacahuay were brought under direct imperial control.

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Joly, Delphine, Calogero M. Santoro, Eugenia M. Gayo, Paula C. Ugalde, Ramiro J. March, René Carmona, Dominique Marguerie, and Claudio Latorre. "LATE PLEISTOCENE FUEL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN COLONIZATION OF THE ATACAMA DESERT, NORTHERN CHILE." Latin American Antiquity 28, no. 1 (February 15, 2017): 144–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2016.8.

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Hunter-gatherers collected and used various woody species depending on the landscape, availability of plant communities, and sociocultural considerations. With extensive paleo-wetlands and groundwater-fed oases, the Atacama Desert was interspersed with riparian woodlands that provided vital resources (fuel, water, and game) at the end of the Pleistocene in areas such as the Pampa del Tamarugal (PdT) basin. We use anthracological analyses to determine the fuel management strategies of hunter-gatherer societies in this hyperarid environment and explore whether the “Principle of Least Effort” applies. First, we present the combustion qualities and characteristics of woody taxa from the Atacama and analyze possible exploitation strategies. Second, we use anthracological analyses from Quebrada Maní 12 (QM12), a late Pleistocene archaeological site (dated from 12,750 to 11,530 cal B.P.) located in the PdT basin, to show the prevalence of two woody species that were either freshly collected or gathered (very likely on purpose) from subfossil wood. Our results suggest that fuel selection strategies were based on prior knowledge of the qualities of these woody taxa and how they burned. Thus we conclude that fuel management was part of a number of social and economic decisions that allowed for effective colonization of this region. Furthermore, we stress the need for caution when using charcoal to exclusively date archaeological sites located in desert environments.

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Bebiolka, Anke. "Eine obertriassische Flora aus der nordchilenischen Küstenkordillere (Agua Chica-Formation, Quebrada Pan de Azúcar) [A Late Triassic flora from the Coastal Range of Northern Chile (Agua Chica Formation, Quebrada Pan de Azúcar)." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 211, no. 1-2 (January 29, 1999): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/211/1999/213.

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Stoll, Alexandra, César Sepúlveda, and José San Martín. "Patrón florístico-estructural de la vegetación nativa remanente en el límite norte del Bosque Templado Costero de Chile: el caso de la quebrada Cayurranquil (VII Región, Chile)." Bosque (Valdivia) 27, no. 1 (2006): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92002006000100008.

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Graffam, Gray, Álvaro Carevic, and Mario Rivera. "Evidencias metalúrgicas de fundición de cobre en el sitio formativo tardío de Ramaditas, quebrada de Guatacondo, Provincia de Iquique, Chile." Estudios Atacameños. Arqueología y antropología surandinas., no. 12 (1997): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22199/s07181043.1997.0012.00006.

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Herrera Apablaza, Venecia, Cristian Carrasco Farías, Patricia Sandoval Cárcamo, and Claudia Cortés Carvajal. "TRANSFERENCIA DE ARSÉNICO EN EL SISTEMA AGUASUELO- MAÍZ DE Zea mays L. CULTIVADOS EN LA QUEBRADA DE CAMIÑA, NORTE DE CHILE." Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú 83, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37761/rsqp.v83i1.103.

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En la quebrada de Camiña, norte de Chile, las aguas naturales usadas para cultivar maíz (Zea mays L.), sobrepasan la concentración de arsénico en cinco veces la legislación chilena NCh1333. Se determinó su capacidad de fitoextracción del elemento, por el factor de bioconcentración (FBC) y si hay riesgo en el consumo de granos y hojas, mediante el cálculo del porcentaje del factor de translocación (PFT) en plantas adultas, obtenidas de seis predios del valle de Camiña, integrando la caracterización de aguas y suelos. Las concentraciones en agua alcanzaron 0,41 ± 0,09 mg/L; los suelos contaminados presentaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre los sitios, precisando tres niveles: 30, 100 y 300 mg/kg. Los valores en hojas y granos fue variable 3,9 ± 2,0 y 0,10 ± 0,14 mg/kg, respectivamente. No existe relación lineal entre suelo y raíz, ni con las partes aéreas. Las raíces absorben y acumulan arsénico, obteniendo FB de 2,36 ± 1,10 (n=30), sin embargo, no ocurre la transferencia de la raíz a la parte aérea, dado que los PFT obtenidos fueron bastante bajos (entre 1,57 a 5,90 % en hojas y 0,02 a 0,11 % en granos), en consecuencia, no hay riesgo en su consumo.

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Meza Aliaga, Mónica, Alan Rodríguez Valdivia, Oscar Corvacho Ganahín, and Alejandro Tapia Tosetti. "ANÁLISIS MORFOMÉTRICO DE MICROCUENCAS AFECTADAS POR FLUJOS DE DETRITOS BAJO PRECIPITACIÓN INTENSA EN LA QUEBRADA DE CAMIÑA, NORTE GRANDE DE CHILE." Diálogo andino, no. 44 (2014): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0719-26812014000200003.

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Soto Rodríguez, Catalina. "DISTRIBUCIÓN Y SIGNIFICADO DE LOS RESTOS MALACOLÓGICOS EN LA FASE TILOCALAR (3130-2380 AP), QUEBRADA TULAN (SALAR DE ATACAMA, NORTE DE CHILE)." Estudios atacameños, no. 51 (December 2015): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-10432015000200005.

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Muñoz, Eduardo Jaime, and Rodrigo Villaseñor Castro. "Uso de las plantas nativas por una comunidad de cabreros de Las Vegas de la quebrada de Tulahuén, Región de Coquimbo, Chile." Idesia (Arica), ahead (2018): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-34292018005000201.

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Märker, Michael, Friedrich Dangel, María Victoria Soto Bäuerle, and Giuliano Rodolfi. "Assessment of Natural Hazards and Vulnerability in the Rio Copiapó Catchment: A case study in the ungauged Quebrada Cinchado Catchment." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 44 (January 1, 2012): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-5370.2012.26368.

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Las precipitaciones intensas en zonas desérticas son un fenómeno escaso. Sin embargo, cada ciertotiempo estos fenómenos pueden ocurrir, como sucedió en el año 1997, en la zona sur del Desierto deAtacama, Chile. El área de estudio, la cuenca del río Copiapó es un área intensamente explotada confines agrícolas, con viñedos para la producción de uva de mesa de exportación, que son regados conagua del río Copiapó y de los acuíferos subterráneos. La actividad agrícola se centra principalmenteen el fondo de valle, en laderas y conos aluviales, como también en subcuencas que se activan encaso de eventos de precipitación concentrada. Consecuentemente, se investigan los geo-amenazasrelacionadas con los eventos de precipitación a fin de poder evaluar el riesgo para la población y laszonas agrícolas asociadas. Se aplicó un modelo hidrológico y se calibró en la cuenca de la Quebradade Cinchado, afluente esporádico del río Copiapó. Se evidencia que eventos climáticos como los delas inundaciones de junio de 1997 pueden generar inundaciones y descargas de sedimentos que ponenen peligro a la población y las zonas agrícolas. La metodología aplicada permite la cuantificación delriesgo de inundaciones y flujos de barro como también evaluar la distribución espacial de los peligrosde origen natural.

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Baker, Michael J., Jamie J. Wilkinson, Clara C. Wilkinson, David R. Cooke, and Tim Ireland. "Epidote Trace Element Chemistry as an Exploration Tool in the Collahuasi District, Northern Chile." Economic Geology 115, no. 4 (June 1, 2020): 749–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4739.

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Abstract The Collahuasi district of northern Chile hosts several late Eocene-early Oligocene world-class porphyry Cu-Mo deposits, including Rosario, Ujina, and Quebrada Blanca deposits, and associated high-sulfidation epithermal mineralization at La Grande. Mineralization is hosted by intermediate to felsic intrusive and volcanic rocks of the upper Paleozoic to Lower Triassic Collahuasi Group, which experienced lower greenschist facies regional metamorphism prior to mineralization. Extensive hydrothermal alteration zones surround the porphyry and epithermal deposits, associated with hypogene ore-forming processes. However, outside of the observed sulfide halo the limits of geochemical anomalism associated with mineralization are difficult to define due to mineralogical similarities between weak, distal propylitic alteration and regional metamorphism affecting the host rocks. Recent advancements in laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis of epidote from hydrothermal alteration zones around porphyry and skarn deposits have shown that low-level hypogene geochemical anomalies can be detected at distances farther from the center of mineralization than by conventional rock chip sampling. Selective analysis of propylitic epidote from the Collahuasi district indicates that anomalous concentrations of distal pathfinder elements in epidote, including As (>50 ppm), Sb (>25 ppm), Pb (>100 ppm), and Mn (>5,000 ppm), were detectable 1.5 to 4.0 km from deposit centers. Significantly, the concentrations of these trace elements in epidote were obtained from samples that contained whole-rock concentrations of <25 ppm As, <2 ppm Sb, <100 ppm Pb, and <5,000 ppm Mn. Systematic increases in Cu, Mo, and Sn concentrations in epidote near deposit centers, and corresponding decreasing As, Sb and Pb concentrations, also provide effective tools for assessing the fertility and locating the centers of porphyry mineralization. In addition, anomalous concentrations in epidote of Cu (up to 1 wt %) and Zn (up to 6,000 ppm) effectively discriminate epidote associated with high-sulfidation epithermal veins in the Collahuasi district (e.g., La Grande, Poderosa-Rosario) from alteration associated with porphyry mineralization.

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Jorge Ramirez, F., and P. Carlos Perez. "Passing volume calculation system (PVCS): computer software for managing data on watersheds that produce mud flows and the case of Quebrada La Cadena, Antofagasta, Chile." Natural Hazards 59, no. 1 (February 14, 2011): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9744-5.

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Mote, T. I., G. H. Brimhall, E. Tidy-Finch, G. Muller, and P. Carrasco. "Application of Mass-Balance Modeling of Sources, Pathways, and Sinks of Supergene Enrichment to Exploration and Discovery of the Quebrada Turquesa Exotic Copper Orebody, El Salvador District, Chile." Economic Geology 96, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.367.

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Dillehay, Tom D. "Les Gravures Rupestres de la Quebrada las Pintadas de Marquesa (Norte Chico, Chile). Dominique Ballereau, Hans Niemeyer F., and Eduardo Pizarro W. Cahier No. 18. Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations, Paris, 1986. 236 pp., tables, figures, photographs, bibliography. 98 FF (paper)." American Antiquity 53, no. 2 (April 1988): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281037.

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Contreras, María Teresa, and Cristián Escauriaza. "Modeling the effects of sediment concentration on the propagation of flash floods in an Andean watershed." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-221-2020.

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Abstract. Rain-induced flash floods are common events in regions near mountain ranges. In peri-urban areas near the Andes the combined effects of the changing climate and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have resulted in an alarming proximity of populated areas to flood-prone streams, increasing the risk for cities and infrastructure. Simulations of rapid floods in these watersheds are particularly challenging, due to the complex morphology, the insufficient hydrometeorological data, and the uncertainty posed by the variability of sediment concentration. High concentrations produced by hillslope erosion and rilling by the overland flow in areas with steep slopes and low vegetational covering can significantly change the dynamics of the flow as the flood propagates in the channel. In this investigation, we develop a two-dimensional finite-volume numerical model of the nonlinear shallow water equations coupled with the mass conservation of sediment to study the effects of different densities, which include a modified version of the quadratic stress model to quantify the changes in the flow rheology. We carry out simulations to evaluate the effects of the sediment concentration on the floods in the Quebrada de Ramón watershed, a peri-urban Andean basin in central Chile. We simulate a confluence and a total length of the channel of 10.4 km, with the same water hydrographs and different combinations of sediment concentrations in the tributaries. Our results show that the sediment concentration has strong impacts on flow velocities and water depths. Compared to clear-water flow, the wave-front velocity slows down more than 70 % for floods with a volumetric concentration of 60 % and the total flooded area is 36 % larger when the sediment concentration is equal to 20 %. The maximum flow momentum at cross sections in the urban area increases 14.5 % on average when the mean concentration along the main channel changes from 30 % to 44 %. Simulations also show that other variables such as the arrival time of the peak flow and the shape of the hydrograph at different locations along the channel are not significantly affected by the sediment concentration and depend mostly on the steep channel morphology. Through this work we provide a framework for future studies aimed at improving hazard assessment, urban planning, and early warning systems in urban areas near mountain streams with limited data and affected by rapid flood events.

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Aravena, Alejandro. "Torres siamesas: Macul, Chile." ARQ (Santiago), no. 63 (August 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-69962006000200011.

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Aguayo Bórquez, Claudio. "Villalobos-Ruminott, Sergio. La desarticulación: Epocalidad, hegemonía e historicidad. Ediciones Macul, Santiago de Chile, 2019, ed., 214 pp." TRANSMODERNITY: Journal of Peripheral Cultural Production of the Luso-Hispanic World 9, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/t492046335.

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González, Javier, Hans Niemeyer, Juan L. Benedetto, and Edsel D. Brussa. "The Ordovician Quebrada Grande Formation, Cordón de Lila (Antofagasta Region, northern Chile): stratigraphicand paleogeographic significance." Revista geológica de Chile 34, no. 2 (July 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-02082007000200006.

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