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Journal articles on the topic 'Question de (1945- )'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alexey, Isaev. "Soviet Heavy and Super-Heavy Artillery During the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." TECHNOLOGOS, no. 2 (2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.kipf/2021.2.01.

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The article is dedicated to the usage and types of Red Army heavy and super heavy artillery during the Great Patriotic War. The purpose of the article is to define the exact reasons of low intensity use of Soviet heavy and super-heavy artillery during the war: virtually retreat during 1941-1943 and slow increase of usage during 1944-1945. High intensity of heavy artillery service took place just in 1945. This question has several answers: Red Army high command concerns about expensive guns lost in combat, specific conditions on the Eastern front, incompetence of command is all invalid. Researc

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2

Popov, Aleksei A. "COAL QUESTION" IN SOVIET-POLISH RELATIONS (1945-1975)." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (History and political science), no. 2 (2016): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-676x-2016-2-43-50.

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Wertheim, Stephen. "Instrumental Internationalism: The American Origins of the United Nations, 1940–3." Journal of Contemporary History 54, no. 2 (2019): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009419826661.

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Why did the United States want to create the United Nations Organization, or any international political organization with universal membership? This question has received superficial historiographical attention, despite ample scrutiny of the conferences that directly established the UN in 1944 and 1945. The answer lies earlier in the war, from 1940 to 1942, when, under the pressure of fast-moving events, American officials and intellectuals decided their country must not only enter the war but also lead the world long afterwards. International political organization gained popularity – first

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Bezrogov, Vitaly, and Dorena Caroli. "Soviet Russian Primers of the 1940s." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 11, no. 1 (2018): 14–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2019.110103.

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What changes did the content, structure, and production of Russian primers published in the Soviet Union undergo between 1941 and 1948—that is, during the Second World War and its aftermath? This article answers this question by analyzing language, content, iconography, and the printing process. The first section addresses key characteristics of primers printed between 1941 and 1944, while the second section focuses on the content of postwar primers printed between 1945 and 1948. The final section addresses challenges facing the textbook approval and circulation process experienced by the Stat

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5

Fedorczyk, Piotr. "Prawo rodzinne Polski Ludowej jako przedmiot badań historycznoprawnych (1944-1964)." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 55, no. 2 (2003): 141–56. https://doi.org/10.14746/cph.2003.2.6.

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Dans les années du 1944 jusqu’au 1964, le droit de famille était l’objet de quatre interventions législatives. En 1945 et 1946, on a unifié le droit civil, y compris le droit de famille. Plus tard dans les années 1947 et 1949 on a entrepris une tentative manquée de codifier le droit familial dans les cadres des travaux sur un code civil. En 1950, est apparu le code de famille, qui a été remplacé par le code de famille et de tutelle de 1964. Il est evident donc que les recherches sur le droit de famille doivent se concentrer sur les motives des changements de ceci et sur la description de ses d

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6

Vaucelle, Serge. "Une pédagogie au château. Espaces sportifs et aménagements d’un parc au Creps de Toulouse (1940-1986)." Sciences sociales et sport N° 22, no. 2 (2023): 133–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsss.022.0133.

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Quand le Creps de Toulouse est inauguré en 1945, la question des infrastructures sportives est rapidement posée. Précédemment (1941-1945), le château et son domaine avaient accueilli des établissements militaires. Dans ce contexte de reconstruction, les espaces du domaine vont subir de profonds remaniements. Une « pédagogie au château » s’institue par l’action des intervenants qui vont transformer la gestion spatiale du parc et répondre aux ambitions nationales en matière d’éducation physique, de loisirs sportifs, d’éducation populaire ou d’expertise sur la performance. L’étude archivistique (

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TAYLOR, JEREMY E. "Chinese film exhibition in Occupied Manila (1942–1945)." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 5 (2013): 1588–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000467.

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AbstractThis paper explores the nature of film exhibition amongst the Chinese community in Manila during the Japanese Occupation of that city. Based on advertisements and film listings published in the Chinese-language press of the day (as well as on pre-war records concerning commercial Chinese entertainment in the Philippines), it explores the continuities in film exhibition practice undertaken by various theatre operators within the Binondo area of Manila both before, during, and after the war. The paper suggests not only that such practices represented a quite different trajectory from tha

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8

Weiss, Stéphane. "Un revers pour le général de Lattre de Tassigny : la formation inaboutie de la 14 e division d’infanterie en 1945." Revue historique 706, no. 2 (2023): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhis.232.0205.

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À la fin de l’année 1944, la libération de la majeure partie de la France ouvrit la perspective d’un vaste programme français de réarmement. Parmi les dix divisions dont la création fut planifiée, l’une fut confiée à la 1 re armée française, alors engagée en Alsace. La constitution de cette division s’inscrivit dans le processus d’amalgame des Forces françaises de l’intérieur (FFI) au sein des formations du général de Lattre de Tassigny. Ce dernier en fit une question personnelle et lui attribua le nom de la division qu’il avait commandée en 1940 : la 14 e Division d’infanterie. Son organisati

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9

Kraujelis, Ramojus. "The Question of Baltic States in the Policy of the Great Westem Powers in 1944-1945." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 13 (June 28, 2004): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2004.37157.

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The considerations of the three Great powers in the final years (1944-1945) of World War II and the question of the Baltic states within the context of international relations and diplomacy of these powers are discussed in the article. In the last years of World War II, the United States were engaged in the creation of the new post-war international organizational model. Participation of the Soviet Union in these postwar plans was an essential condition. In that period of World War II, the question of Baltic states had no significant and independent role in the entire international balance of

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10

Galdan A., Galdanov. "«MONGOLIAN QUESTION» AT THE YALTA CONFERENCE (1945)." Human research of Inner Asia 2 (2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/2305-753x-2021-2-9-14.

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The article is devoted to the historical significance of the Yalta (Crimea) Conference held from 4 to 11 February 1945 for the history of Mongolia. The struggle of the Mongolian People’s Republic for independence and its participa-tion in World War II are the subject of constant study of Russian and Mongolian his-toriography. However, as a rule, these events are considered partially and are not an independent subject of research. The process of restoring the sovereignty of Mongo-lia has gone a long grassroots and difficult way. In 1911 Mongolia declared itself a sovereign state, and after that

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11

Friedrich, Klaus-Peter. "Die polnische Regierungsdelegatur und ihr „jüdisches Problem“ 1940–1945." Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 57, no. 1 (2009): 23–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/jgo-2009-0002.

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CHOI, Deokhyo. "Liberation Betrayed : The Cold War and the Korean Minority Question in U.S.-Occupied Japan, 1945~1948." Korean Journal of Japanese Dtudies 22 (February 15, 2020): 14–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29154/ilbi.2020.22.14.

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13

Sokolov, Boris. "Le coût de la guerre 1941-1945." Slovo 12, no. 1 (1991): 53–67. https://doi.org/10.3406/slovo.1991.1010.

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Les contraintes de la censure et le contrôle du parti étant levés depuis 1987, une série de publications sur la guerre 1941-1945 a ébranlé la plupart des thèses officielles. Dans ce nouveau contexte historiographique la question du «prix de la victoire » payé par l'Union soviétique est devenue cruciale. L'appréciation officielle des pertes militaires, bien que le nombre de 8,5 millions d'hommes soit enfin dévoilé, reste inférieure aux chiffres réels. L'examen approfondi des données accessibles dont le présent article rend compte, montre que l'Armée rouge a perdu 17,2 millions d'hommes, soit 5

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14

Cesari, Laurent, Rene Girault, and Robert Frank. "La puissance francaise en question (1945-1949)." Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, no. 24 (October 1989): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3769145.

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15

Creswell, Michael, and Marc Trachtenberg. "France and the German Question, 1945–1955." Journal of Cold War Studies 5, no. 3 (2003): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152039703322286746.

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This article challenges the traditional view that France was “obsessed” with the German threat in the decade after World War II and that French leaders only grudgingly accepted the policy that the United States and Britain had decided to pursue. The official rhetoric of the postwar period should not to be taken at face value. In reality, French leaders understood the logic of the “western strategy” for Germany and at a basic level endorsed it. Even on the question of West German rearmament—a critical issue in 1950—the French government was not nearly as opposed to moving ahead as many scholars

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16

Utley, Rachel. "France and the German Question, 1945-1990." Diplomacy & Statecraft 31, no. 3 (2020): 582–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2020.1782681.

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Ferdin, Alcika, Ridham Priskap, and Bustanuddin Bustanuddin. "URGENSI CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTION PADA MK DALAM UPAYA MELINDUNGI HAK-HAK KONSTITUSIONAL WARGA NEGARA." Limbago: Journal of Constitutional Law 2, no. 2 (2022): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/limbago.v2i2.18847.

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Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas Urgensi Constitutional Question pada Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Upaya Melindungi Hak-Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Berdasarkan UUD 1945, seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa salah satu kewenangan yang dimiliki oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi yakni menguji undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945, didalam UUD 1945 tidak diatur secara detail mengenai jenis pengujian apa yang dimiliki oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Berdasarkan undang-undang yang mengatur tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi, sistem pengujian konstitusional yang ada di Indonesia hanya terbatas kepada abstract review saja. Ada

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Bershov, Vladimir Nikolaevich. "Final stage of the struggle for independence of Syria: international discussion on evacuation of foreign troops (1945-1946)." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 11 (November 2019): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2019.11.31200.

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The subject of this research is the final stage of the struggle for independence of Syria (1945-1946). The article explores the &ldquo;Anglo-French Agreement on Near East&rdquo; of December 13, 1945, as well as the response of Syrian society to its conclusion. The author reviews the discussion in the United Nations Security Council &nbsp;that took place on February 14-16, 1946 regarding the question of evacuation of foreign troops from the territory of Levant , as well as the results of decisions accepted in the UN Security Council that affected the attainment of independence of Sy

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19

Ilmjärv, Magnus. "Baltic and Polish Politicians in Exile and Their Vision of Post-War Peace Agreements in Eastern Europe, 1940–1945." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 55 (2024): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2024.109.

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The article examines two key topics: what vision the leading Baltic politicians in exile had of the post-war world order, and what vision Polish politicians in exile had of the post-war world order, specifically in terms of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and East Prussia. The main focus is on the Memel/Klaipėda question. The Vilnius question is also addressed to the extent that it is related to the Memel/Klaipėda question. This question is important for understanding the relations between Baltic and Polish émigré politicians during World War II. The article’s limited scope did not leave space for

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20

Sora, Andrei Florin. "Savel Rădulescu – Member of the Titulescu Team and Expert in the Optants Question." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia 68, no. 2 (2024): 183–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhist.2023.2.10.

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The diplomat Savel Rădulescu (1895 – 1970) is regarded as one of Romania's financial experts during the Interwar Period and between 1944 and 1945. His present-day visibility can be attributed to his distinguished career, which included serving as Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1932 – 1936), having been a close associate of Nicolae Titulescu, and his criticism of the Soviet Union's abuses in Romania after 23 August 1944. The first objective of this research is to provide a concise biography of Savel Rădulescu, including his family background, education, professional

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21

Zolov, Alexander. "Poland in the foreign policy of the USSR in 1941–1945." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 02 (2021): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202102statyi16.

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22

PESCHANSKI, DENIS. "Legitimacy/Legitimation/Delegitimation: France in the Dark Years, a Textbook Case." Contemporary European History 13, no. 4 (2004): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777304001870.

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The history of France's defeat, occupation and subsequent liberation may be read, and written, as a constant struggle for legitimacy. Here the diverse candidates for legitimacy are analysed (Pétain, de Gaulle and the internal Resistance) as well as the agents of legitimation, and the arbiters of that process of legitimation (French society, the German occupier, Britain and the United States). Four successive configurations are distinguished within that struggle for legitimacy: summer 1940 to spring 1941, the time of the defeat; summer and autumn 1941, when French society called into question t

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23

Bouchard, Mathieu. "Les intellectuels et la question palestinienne (1945-1948)." Confluences Méditerranée N°72, no. 1 (2010): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/come.072.0019.

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Djerbal, Daho. "La question démocratiquedans le Mouvement national (1945-1962)." Insaniyat / إنسانيات, no. 25-26 (December 30, 2004): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/insaniyat.6366.

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25

Musa, Mahani. "THE ‘WOMAN QUESTION’ IN MALAYAN PERIODICALS, 1920–1945." Indonesia and the Malay World 38, no. 111 (2010): 247–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2010.489360.

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Ünlü Bilgiç, Tuba, and Bestami S. Bilgiç. "Kemalist Turkey and the Palestinian question, 1945–1948." Middle Eastern Studies 56, no. 3 (2019): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2019.1693369.

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Sáringer, János. "La question de la neutralité portugaise 1939-1945." Acta Hispanica 8 (January 1, 2003): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actahisp.2003.8.85-87.

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Aldrich, Richard. "A Question of Expediency: Britain, the United States and Thailand, 1941–42." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 19, no. 2 (1988): 209–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400000540.

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This passage was written on 27 March 1945 by Major Andrew Gilchrist, a Foreign Office official serving with the Special Operations Executive in Thailand. It neatly demonstrates the manner in which the wartime debate within and between the various Allied bureaucracies responsible for Thailand's post war status appeared to be dominated by the circumstances of Thailand's rapid capitulation to Japan in December 1941. Subsequently, diametrically opposed interpretations of these unhappy events were employed both by Britain to legitimize her wartime plans to re-establish a degree of control over Thai

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Di Cesare, Donatella. "The “Jewish Question” and the Question of Being: Heidegger before and after 1945." Journal of Aesthetics and Phenomenology 4, no. 2 (2017): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20539320.2017.1396698.

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RYNHOLD, JONATHAN. "The German question in Central and Eastern Europe and the long peace in Europe after 1945: an integrated theoretical explanation." Review of International Studies 37, no. 1 (2010): 249–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210510000501.

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AbstractWithin the field of International Relations, theoretically informed explanations of the long peace in Europe since 1945 tend to focus on Western Europe, especially the revolution in Franco-German relations. In contrast, German relations with Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are ignored, despite the fact that this nexus was a major cause of instability prior to 1945. This article focuses on why the German question in CEE ceased to threaten the stability of Europe after 1945. The article empirically examines the development of the German question in CEE since 1945, which refers here main

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Lukanc, Maja. "Produkcija diplomatskega védenja v jugoslovanski in poljski povojni diplomatski praksi (1945–1947)." Studia Historica Slovenica 20 (2020), no. 3 (2020): 735–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32874/shs.2020-21.

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Diplomacy provides a unique insight into the socio-political circumstances of individual countries. Through their reports, analyses, and interpretations, diplomats shape a modicum of knowledge about the state in which they operate. Based on Yugoslav and Polish archival materials and memorial literature, the following contribution explores how diplomats from both countries contributed to the knowledge about Yugoslavia and Poland in the first years after World War II. The article takes into account the factors that influenced the production of knowledge in diplomacy and answers the question of w

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Kossel, Elmar. "Der Wiederaufbau von Florenz 1945." Architectura 46, no. 1 (2016): 72–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2016-0005.

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AbstractFlorence suffered heavy destruction due to blasting by the german Wehrmacht in the area around the Ponte Vecchio in 1944. On the question of how the historic, in the core medieval buildings should be rebuilt, a vigorous debate was ignited, which also was intensively conducted in public. The debates core was about the question of wether the old center should be reconstructed exactly as it was or should a modern and contemporary solution be given priority. The art historian Bernhard Berenson and the archeologist Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli exemplified the position in the debate for the F

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Dejmek, Jindřich. "Cesta k sovětsko-polské smlouvě z dubna 1945. Glosy ke Stalinově "polské" politice v letech 1943-1945." Moderní dějiny 32, no. 2 (2024): 95–140. https://doi.org/10.56514/md.32.02.04.

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The study follows the strain of Soviet politics on the “Polish question” in the years 1943–1945. At first Soviet leader Stalin seemed willing to reach a compromise with the Polish exile government in London, similar to relations with Benes’s exile administrative from Czechoslovakia. In relations between the USSR and Poland, there was a fundamental problem of borders, when Stalin demanded recognition of the annexation of the former eastern Polish territories, which were occupied by USSR in 1939. The position of the Polish government-in-exile, led from July 1943 by leader of Polish Peoples (agra

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Delgado, Lorenzo, and Jill Edwards. "Anglo-American Relations and the Franco Question, 1945-1955." Journal of American History 88, no. 1 (2001): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2675054.

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Smyth, Denis, and Jill Edwards. "Anglo-American Relations and the Franco Question, 1945-1955." American Historical Review 105, no. 4 (2000): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2651557.

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Александр Владимирович, Абрамов. "БОЕВОЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПОЛЕВЫХ ПУШЕК БС -3 НА ЗАВЕРШАЮЩЕМ ЭТАПЕ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ". Культурное наследие России, № 2(37) (4 серпня 2022): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34685/hi.2022.37.2.006.

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На основе обнаруженных документов Центрального Архива Министерства Обороны Российской Федерации (ЦАМО РФ) впервые в научной литературе представлены все артиллерийские полки, на вооружении которых стояли 100-мм полевые пушки образца 1944 г. БС - 3. Рассматривается вопрос о боевом применении БС - 3 на заключительном этапе Великой Отечественной войны (осень 1944-9 мая 1945 гг.). Эта артиллерийская система была создана в 1943 г. в Центральном Артиллерийском Конструкторском Бюро под руководством В. Г. Грабина в подмосковном Калининграде (С 1996 г. - г. Королев Московской области) и являлась самым м

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Semikov, Mikhail Sergeevich. "ON THE QUESTION OF ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITY OF DIVISIONS OF THE NKVD OF THE USSR IN 1941-1942." Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research 20 (22) (November 15, 2023): 64–71. https://doi.org/10.52270/26585561_2023_20_22_64.

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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the history of the organisation and activities of the divisions of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The integral historical analysis of the processes connected with the changes taking place in the given structures, including, in the years of war has, the important theoretical and practical value for studying of a role of structures of NKVD of the USSR in the defeat of German-fascist armies.

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Shnitser, Ihor. "THE SLOVAK ISSUE IN THE POLITICAL STRATEGY OF THE SLOVAK NATIONAL COUNCIL IN 1943 – 1945." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University. Series: History, no. 1 (46) (June 27, 2022): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2523-4498.1(46).2022.257498.

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The article aims to investigate the Slovak question in the political strategy of the Slovak National Council (SNC) at the final stage of the Second World War. The methodological basis of the proposed article is the principles of historicism and objectivity, the application of which involves an unbiased depiction of past events in their historical context. The scientific topicality lies in the systematic analysis of the Slovak question in the activities of the SNC in 1943 – 1945. The author of the article states that the SNC program to resolve the Slovak issue consisted of three main points: re

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Chalid, Hamid, and Arief Ainul Yaqin. "Menggagas Pelembagaan Constitutional Question Melalui Perluasan Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Menguji Undang-Undang." Jurnal Konstitusi 16, no. 2 (2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.31078/jk1628.

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Tulisan ini membahas tentang gagasan pelembagaan constitutional question (pertanyaan konstitusional) di Indonesia melalui perluasan kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menguji undang-undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa lembaga constitutional question itu dapat ditempatkan sebagai bagian dari kewenangan pengujian konstitusional yang telah dimiliki Mahkamah Konstitusi berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 24C ayat (1) UUD 1945. Selain itu hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa terdapat kebutuhan atau urgensi, baik dari segi teori maupun praktek untuk melembagaka

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WHITTAM, J. R. "Drawing the Line: Britain and the Emergence of the Trieste Question, January 1941–May 1945." English Historical Review CVI, no. CCCCXIX (1991): 346–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cvi.ccccxix.346.

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Bubnys, Arūnas. "Lithuanian and Poland resistance movenment in 1942–1945: connection and difference." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 7 (2025): 109–12. https://doi.org/10.61903/gr.2000.108.

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During the Nazi occupation, Lithuanian–Polish hostility was almost equivalent to the war of 1919–1921 and manifested itself in a variety of forms: from domestic conflicts to open escalation. The most important cause of the Lithuanian–Polish conflict was the question of the national and administrative subordination of Vilnius. During the German occupation (1941–1944), the Vilnius region belonged to the General District of Lithuania. In addition to the German occupation authorities, there was also a Lithuanian administration – county and municipal self-government. After Lithuania regained Vilniu

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42

Mayer, Thomas. "Arab unity of action and the Palestine question, 1945–48." Middle Eastern Studies 22, no. 3 (1986): 331–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263208608700669.

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Bélanger, David. "La fin du notaire. Une figure en question (1945‑1959)." Tangence, no. 134 (2024): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1112212ar.

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LAMMERS, KARL CHRISTIAN. "Introduction: The Nordic Countries and the German Question after 1945." Contemporary European History 15, no. 4 (2006): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777306003481.

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This article introduces Scandinavia (or the Norden, as the region is sometimes called) and describes the position of the five Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, during the Cold War. The Cold War created a new political situation in the Nordic region, and to some degree divided the Nordic countries between East and West and also on the German question. The introduction analyses how the Nordic countries dealt with Germany – that is with the two German states, the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, and also describes the role of the Soviet

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Debru, Jean-Luc. "La question allemande et le problème de l'État (1945-1990)." Allemagne d'aujourd'hui 189, no. 1 (2009): 43–53. https://doi.org/10.3406/alauj.2009.2685.

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Berg, Roger. "La question de la restitution des biens juifs (1945-1965)." Le Monde Juif N° 149, no. 4 (1993): 120–60. https://doi.org/10.3917/lmj.214.0120.

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Ilić, Dušan. "MACEDONIAN SEPARATISM IN SOUTHERN SERBIA IN THE PERIOD 1941-1945." Leskovački zbornik 64, no. 2 (2024): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lz-liv2.047i.

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This article aims to shed light on Macedonian separatist aspirations in the area of the occupied part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, which in the pre-war period was known as South Serbia, during the World War II, but also immediately after its end, when a political entity called Macedonia was formed for the first time in history. Macedonian autonomists and federalists in this area promoted, tactically speaking, two version of the same policy in the Ottoman and interwar periods, which aimed at the national emancipation of the Macedonians from the rest of the Serbian nation. Thus, during the Worl

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Lorentz, Claude. "La question des restitutions allemandes dans les projets de conventions d’armistice alliés et français 1943-1945." Revue d’Allemagne et des pays de langue allemande 25, no. 4 (1993): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reval.1993.3687.

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Thompson, Peter. "The Pale Death: Poison Gas and German Racial Exceptionalism, 1915–1945." Central European History 54, no. 2 (2021): 273–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938920000515.

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AbstractIn April of 1915, the German-Jewish chemist Fritz Haber supervised the first deployment of industrialized chemical weapons against French colonial troops. The uncertain nature of the attack, both in its execution and outcome, led many German military men to question the controllability of poison gas. Over the next three decades, Germans would continue this line of inquiry, as aero-chemical attacks appeared increasingly imminent. This article narrates the German search for control over chemical weapons between the world wars, revealing the ways in which interwar techno-nationalists tied

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Stern, Frank, and Bill Templer. "The "Jewish Question" in the "German Question," 1945-1990: Reflections in Light of November 9th, 1989." New German Critique, no. 52 (1991): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/488194.

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