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Journal articles on the topic 'Quich{acute}e Indians'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Coulehan, J. L., G. Lerner, K. Helzlsouer, T. K. Welty, and J. McLaughlin. "Acute myocardial infarction among Navajo Indians, 1976-83." American Journal of Public Health 76, no. 4 (April 1986): 412–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.76.4.412.

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Dhooria, Aadhaar, Atit Gawalkar, Krishna Santosh, Ajay Bahl, Adarsh MB, GSRSNK Naidu, Shefali Sharma, Aman Sharma, Sanjay Jain, and Varun Dhir. "Acute myocardial dysfunction in lupus: outcomes in Asian Indians." Clinical Rheumatology 39, no. 12 (May 22, 2020): 3661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05177-2.

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3

Klain, M., J. L. Coulehan, V. C. Arena, and R. Janett. "More frequent diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction among Navajo Indians." American Journal of Public Health 78, no. 10 (October 1988): 1351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.78.10.1351.

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4

Herrera, José, and Bernardo Rodríguez-Iturbe. "End-stage renal disease and acute glomerulonephritis in Goajiro Indians." Kidney International 63 (February 2003): S22—S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.63.s83.6.x.

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5

Sequist, Thomas D., Alan M. Zaslavsky, James M. Galloway, and John Z. Ayanian. "Cardiac procedure use following acute myocardial infarction among American Indians." American Heart Journal 151, no. 4 (April 2006): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2005.05.029.

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6

Wake, D. J., and W. A. M. Cutting. "Blood Transfusion in Developing Countries: Problems, Priorities and Practicalities." Tropical Doctor 28, no. 1 (January 1998): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559802800104.

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The acute medical services could not exist without blood transfusions—life-savers in many situations. But transfusions can also be a quick and easy route for the transmission of infectious agents such as HIV, HBV, HCV and malaria. Infection through blood supply is a major issue in all countries but particularly in those with economic constraints which limit safety. This study was carried out in India (March—May 1997) and involved centres in Delhi, Calcutta and Vellore. It examined many aspects of blood transfusion including donor screening, use of professional donors, blood testing and criteria for blood use1. The many problems in Indian blood transfusion services are mirrored in other countries. Here we examine the problems, priorities and practicalities of blood transfusion particularly in developing countries.

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7

Cox, Mary E., Nicole Dzialowy, Lillie Armstrong, and Scott Proescholdbell. "Overdose Deaths and Acute Hepatitis Infections among American Indians in North Carolina." North Carolina Medical Journal 80, no. 4 (July 2019): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.80.4.197.

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8

Sinha, S. C. "A prospective study of risk factors for acute coronary syndrome in Indians." European Heart Journal 34, suppl 1 (August 2, 2013): P1567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1567.

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9

Pais, Prem, J. Pogue, H. Gerstein, E. Zachariah, D. Savitha, S. Jayprakash, PR Nayak, and Salim Yusuf. "Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in Indians: a case-control study." Lancet 348, no. 9024 (August 1996): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)02507-x.

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10

Bjorland, J., R. T. Bryan, W. Strauss, G. V. Hillyer, and J. B. McAuley. "An Outbreak of Acute Fascioliasis Among Aymara Indians in the Bolivian Altiplano." Clinical Infectious Diseases 21, no. 5 (November 1, 1995): 1228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/21.5.1228.

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11

Gambhir, I. S., J. P. Jaiswal, and G. Nath. "Significance of Cryptosporidium as an aetiology of acute infectious diarrhoea in elderly Indians." Tropical Medicine and International Health 8, no. 5 (May 2003): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01031.x.

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12

Kurien, Ammu, Nidhi Sharma, Madhavi Marathe, Nandan Joshi, Sumithra Selvam, Sarita Devi, and Sucharita Sambashivaiah. "Acute Effect of a Protein Supplement on Targeted Plasma Amino Acid Profile among Healthy Asian Indians: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2020 (June 1, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8946820.

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Background. Indians have a poor protein intake in terms of quantity as well as quality because of their predominantly cereal-based diet. However, there is limited information on circulatory amino acid levels in healthy Indians. Herein, we evaluated the acute effect of a protein supplement on the plasma levels of essential amino acids (EAAs) in healthy Indian adults, using targeted EAA analysis. Methods. In this double-blind, randomized, crossover study, 20 healthy Indian adults were randomized to receive the test protein supplement (treatment arm, n = 10) or placebo (control arm, n = 10) with milk, after overnight fasting. After 7 days, the participants returned for the crossover treatment. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 60 and 120 min after protein/placebo consumption. Plasma EAA levels were estimated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed to assess the effect of treatment on EAA levels. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. At baseline, mean plasma levels did not differ significantly between the two arms for any of the EAAs. In the treatment arm, the mean levels of all EAAs increased significantly from baseline to 60 min (P<0.01), with no significant change from 60 to 120 min. There was no significant change in amino acid levels in the control arm. The magnitude as well as percentage of increase from baseline to 60 min was significantly greater in the treatment arm than in the control arm for all EAAs. Conclusion. Compared to placebo, protein supplement increased circulatory amino acid levels in healthy Indians. The observed increase in EAA levels and its role in conjunction with exercise in both healthy and diseased states need to be further evaluated. This is the first dataset exploring targeted EAA profiles and the effect of a protein supplement among healthy Indians. The clinical trial is registered with CTRI/2018/12/016777.

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de Hoog, Vince C., Swee Han Lim, Ingrid EM Bank, Crystel M. Gijsberts, Irwani B. Ibrahim, Win Sen Kuan, Shirley BS Ooi, et al. "HEART score performance in Asian and Caucasian patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected acute coronary syndrome." European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 7, no. 7 (March 31, 2017): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048872617700870.

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Background: The HEART score is a simple and effective tool to predict short-term major adverse cardiovascular events in patients suspected of acute coronary syndrome. Patients are assigned to three risk categories using History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin (HEART). The purpose is early rule out and discharge is considered safe for patients in the low risk category. Its performance in patients of Asian ethnicity is unknown. We evaluated the performance of the HEART score in patients of Caucasian, Chinese, Indian and Malay ethnicity. Methods: The HEART score was assessed retrospectively in 3456 patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected acute coronary syndrome (1791 Caucasians, 1059 Chinese, 344 Indians, 262 Malays), assigning them into three risk categories. Results: The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events within six weeks after presentation was similar between the ethnic groups. A smaller proportion of Caucasians was in the low risk category compared with Asians (Caucasians 35.8%, Chinese 43.5%, Indians 45.3%, Malays 44.7%, p<0.001). The negative predictive value of a low HEART score was comparable across the ethnic groups, but lower than previously reported (Caucasians 95.3%, Chinese 95.0%, Indians 96.2%, Malays 96.6%). Also the c-statistic for the HEART score was not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: These results show that the overall performance of the HEART score is equal among Caucasian and Asian ethnic groups. The event rate in the low risk group, however, was higher than reported in previous studies, which queries the safety of early discharge of patients in the low risk category.

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14

Kumar Verma, Rakesh, Sangharsh Rao, Navneet Kumar, U. S. Singh, and Archana Kumar. "Incidence of structural chromosomal anomalies in patients of acute myeloid leukemia in North Indians." Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/2394-2126.2019.0022.

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15

Seedat, Yackoob Kassim, and Bharat Chotoo Nathoo. "Acute Renal Failure in Blacks and Indians in South Africa -Comparison after 10 Years." Nephron 64, no. 2 (1993): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000187314.

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Makaryus, Amgad N., Bhupesh Dhama, Jagdeep Raince, Avtar Raince, Samir Garyali, Subir S. Labana, Barry M. Kaplan, Chong Park, and Rajiv Jauhar. "Coronary Artery Diameter as a Risk Factor for Acute Coronary Syndromes in Asian-Indians." American Journal of Cardiology 96, no. 6 (September 2005): 778–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.05.018.

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17

Stefan, Norbert, Michael Stumvoll, Clifton Bogardus, and P. Antonio Tataranni. "Elevated plasma nonesterified fatty acids are associated with deterioration of acute insulin response in IGT but not NGT." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 284, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): E1156—E1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00427.2002.

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High concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) are a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians. In vitro and in vivo, chronic elevation of NEFA decreases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We hypothesized that high fasting plasma NEFA would increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by inducing a worsening of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in Pima Indians. To test this hypothesis, fasting plasma NEFA concentrations, body composition, insulin action (M), acute insulin response (AIR, 25-g IVGTT), and glucose tolerance (75-g OGTT) were measured in 151 Pima Indians [107 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), 44 impaired glucose tolerant (IGT)] at the initial visit. These subjects, participants in ongoing studies of the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes, had follow-up measurements of body composition, glucose tolerance, M, and AIR. In NGT individuals, cross-sectionally, high fasting plasma NEFA concentrations at the initial visit were negatively associated with AIR after adjustment for age, sex, percent body fat, and M ( P = 0.03). Longitudinally, high fasting plasma NEFA concentrations at the initial visit were not associated with change in AIR. In individuals with IGT, cross-sectionally , high fasting plasma NEFA concentrations at the initial visit were not associated with AIR. Longitudinally, high fasting plasma NEFA concentrations at the initial visit were associated with a decrease in AIR before ( P< 0.0001) and after adjustment for sex, age at follow-up, time of follow-up, change in percent body fat and insulin sensitivity, and AIR at the initial visit ( P = 0.0006). In conclusion, findings in people with NGT indicate that fasting plasma NEFA concentrations are not a primary etiologic factor for β-cell failure. However, in subjects who have progressed to a state of IGT, chronically elevated NEFA seem to have a deleterious effect on insulin-secretory capacity.

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18

Sood, Swati, Reena Das, Amita Trehan, Jasmina Ahluwalia, Man Updesh Sachdeva, Neelam Varma, Deepak Bansal, and Ram Kumar Marwaha. "Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms: association with risk for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in north Indians." Leukemia & Lymphoma 51, no. 5 (April 6, 2010): 928–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428191003719023.

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19

Menon, Venu, Lilin She, Rabia Arshad, Anne S. Hellkamp, Sunil V. Rao, Judith S. Hochman, and E. Magnus Ohman. "Outcomes for Asian Indians following acute ST elevation myocardial infarction: results from the GUSTO trials." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 39 (March 2002): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(02)81302-x.

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20

Biswas, Arijit, Ravi Ranjan, Arvind Meena, Suhail Akhter, Vinita Sharma, Birendra Kumar Yadav, Madhuri Behari, and Renu Saxena. "Prothrombotic factors and the risk of acute onset non-cardioembolic stroke in young Asian Indians." Thrombosis Research 124, no. 4 (September 2009): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2009.02.015.

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21

Teelucksingh, Surujpal, Vijay Naraynsingh, Seetharaman Hariharan, Dilip Dan, Patrick Harnarayan, and Steve Budhooram. "Acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia-a case series of West Indians of Asian Indian ancestry." Indian Journal of Gastroenterology 28, no. 3 (May 2009): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12664-009-0042-z.

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22

Pratley, R. E., M. Nicolson, C. Bogardus, and E. Ravussin. "Effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on plasma leptin concentrations in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant Pima Indians." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 81, no. 12 (December 1996): 4418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954052.

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23

Pratley, R. E. "Effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on plasma leptin concentrations in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant Pima Indians." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 81, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 4418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.81.12.4418.

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24

Roy, Ambuj, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Mohamad Tarik, Nikhil Tandon, K. Srinath Reddy, and Dorairaj Prabhakaran. "Independent association of severe vitamin D deficiency as a risk of acute myocardial infarction in Indians." Indian Heart Journal 67, no. 1 (January 2015): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2015.02.002.

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25

Rajappa, Medha, M. G. Sridhar, J. Balachander, K. R. Sethuraman, and Kalai Selvi Rajendiran. "Lipoprotein Ratios as Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance in South Indians with Normoglycemic Nondiabetic Acute Coronary Syndrome." ISRN Endocrinology 2014 (May 18, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/981524.

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Background. Insulin resistance has been associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Even though homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a well-known insulin resistance predictor, estimation of serum lipoprotein ratios has been recently suggested as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. Here, we evaluated the relationship between lipoprotein ratios and insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic south Indians with acute coronary syndrome. Methods. 100 normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS patients and 140 controls were enrolled in the study. Levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels were measured and lipoprotein ratios were computed. HOMA-IR was used to calculate the insulin resistance. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis was used to compare the power of these lipoprotein ratios to predict insulin resistance. Results. Lipoprotein ratios were significantly higher in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS patients, as compared to healthy controls, and were significantly correlated with HOMA-IR by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. ROC curve showed that Lp(a)/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were the best surrogate predictors of insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that serum lipoprotein ratios significantly correlate with insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS. Lp(a)/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios could be used as surrogate markers of insulin resistance in atherosclerosis-prone south Indians with normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS.

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26

Thompson, D. B., R. C. Janssen, V. M. Ossowski, M. Prochazka, W. C. Knowler, and C. Bogardus. "Evidence for Linkage Between a Region on Chromosome 1p and the Acute Insulin Response in Pima Indians." Diabetes 44, no. 4 (April 1, 1995): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diab.44.4.478.

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Thompson, D. B., R. C. Janssen, V. M. Ossowski, M. Prochazka, W. C. Knowler, and C. Bogardus. "Evidence for linkage between a region on chromosome 1p and the acute insulin response in Pima Indians." Diabetes 44, no. 4 (April 1, 1995): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.44.4.478.

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Roy, Ambuj, D. Prabhakaran, R. Lakshmy, N. Tandon, Tariq Rana, V. K. Bahl, and K. S. Reddy. "PT252 Independent Association of Severe Vitamin D Deficiency As a Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Indians." Global Heart 9, no. 1 (March 2014): e214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.2001.

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Guptan, R. C., V. Thakur, and S. K. Sarin. "Resolution of acute hepatitic C in asian indians after alfa interferon therapy: preliminary report of a controlled trial." Gastroenterology 114 (April 1998): A1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(98)85072-5.

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30

Restrepo, Marcos, William Rojas, Fabiola Montoya, Asirid E. Montoya, and Deborah V. Dawson. "HLA and malaria in four colombian ethnic groups." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 30, no. 5 (October 1988): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651988000500001.

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HLA antigens and their relationship with malaria infection were studied in four different ethnic groups in Colombia (South America): two groups of indians (Kunas and Katios), one of negroes and a group of mixed ancestry. A total of 965 persons were studied, 415 with malaria and 550 as controls. HLA-A,B, and C antigen frequencies in the four groups are reported. The association of each HLA antigen with malaria infection due to P. vivax and to P. falciparum was evaluated. Negroes, Kunas and Katios indians variously lack from 6 to 9 of the HLA antigens found in the mixed group. In the designated ethnic groups, antigens B5, B13, B15, Cw2 and Cw4 showed borderline association with malaria infection. However, in the mixed ethnic group, statistically significant associations were found with malaria infection and the presence of A9, Aw19, B17, B35, and Z98 (a B21-B45: crossreacting determinant) with few differences when P. vivax infection and P. falciparum infection were considered individually. This finding may represent a lack of general resistance to malaria in the group that harbors antigens of Caucasian origin. These individuals have been in direct and permanent contact with malaria only in the past 65 years. In contrast, indians, both Kunas and Katios, and Negroes have lived for centuries in malaria endemic areas, and it is possible that a natural selection system has developed through which only those individuals able to initiate an acute immune response to malaria have survived.

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Rajappa, Medha, S. K. Sen, and Alpana Sharma. "Role of Pro-/Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and their Correlation with Established Risk Factors in South Indians with Coronary Artery Disease." Angiology 60, no. 4 (September 15, 2008): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003319708321101.

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Cytokines are responsible for the modulation of immunological and inflammatory processes and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. We estimated the levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in South Indian patients with coronary artery disease. The study population comprised of groups 1–3: 100 patients each with acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stable angina, respectively, and group 4 (100 healthy controls). Cytokine levels (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher in patients from groups 1 and 2, than in group 3 and controls. Acute myocardial infarction patients exhibited higher serum levels of interleukin-10 compared with other groups and control subjects. Patients with unstable angina had significantly lower interleukin-10 concentrations than those with stable angina. The ratios of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in all the study groups increased significantly when patients with unstable angina were compared to other groups. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels showed significant correlation with established risk factors such as body mass index, blood pressure, and lipid levels. Acute myocardial infarction patients show elevation in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, while unstable angina is associated with low levels of serum interleukin-10. Higher levels of antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 may be needed to provide protection in unstable angina. These cytokines are markers of coronary artery disease and may be used for the identification of high-risk patients with unstable angina/acute myocardial infarction.

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Ganesh, Swaminathan, Mala Dharmalingam, and Sara Marcus. "Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes with Iron Deficiency in Asian Indians." Journal of Medical Biochemistry 31, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10011-011-0049-8.

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Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes with Iron Deficiency in Asian IndiansA close relationship exists between iron metabolism, diabetes and oxidative stress. Both diabetes and redox active iron are individually known to enhance oxidative stress. However, the role of iron deficiency and oxidative stress in diabetes is not clear; hence, the levels of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes with and without iron deficiency have been compared. Two groups of 30 patients each with diabetes were selected (one group with iron deficiency and the other group with normal iron levels) and compared with 30 normal healthy controls. The anthropometric parameters, fasting blood sugar, iron profile and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde levels (index of lipid peroxidation) and serum uric acid levels (antioxidant)) were measured. While the diabetes group had significantly increased serum levels of ferritin (an acute phase reactant and antioxidant) in comparison with normal controls (P=0.040), the diabetic group with iron deficiency had decreased serum levels of iron (P =0.000), ferritin (P = 0.000) and uric acid (P = 0.006) and increased levels of malondialdehyde (P = 0.000) in comparison with diabetics without iron deficiency. This study shows an increase in oxidative stress in the diabetic group with iron deficiency together with reduction in antioxidant levels could further promote prooxidant levels and inflammation and in turn result in the development of complications in this high-risk Asian Indian population.

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Save, Rakhi. "The effect of acute administration of Vitamin D on micro vascular endothelial function in Caucasians and South Asian Indians." Medical Science Monitor 19 (2013): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/msm.889278.

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Rajendran, Sowri Rajan, Sivakumar Periyasamy, Moonishaa Thiyagarajan Manjuladevi, and Neethu George. "Evaluation of Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Marker in Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 11, no. 01 (December 11, 2019): 072–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1700597.

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Abstract Background Acute hemorrhagic stroke (AHS) resulting from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a rampant neurological disorder with devastating consequences, particularly in Indians. Recently, serum ferritin levels have been related to adverse cardiovascular and stroke outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of serum ferritin in AHS. Materials and Methods Admission serum ferritin levels were estimated in 50 AHS patients with primary supratentorial hemorrhage. Study subjects were categorized based on their prognostic scores in modified Rankin scale (mRS) assessment. Ferritin levels were compared across the study groups, correlated with mRS and other ICH severity indicators. Results Serum ferritin and other ICH severity indices such as Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and ICH volume were significantly altered in the mRS groups by the end of 7th and 30th days of hospitalization. Elevated ferritin levels, ICH volume together with decreased GCS, characterized the groups with adverse prognosis. Serum ferritin moderately correlated with GCS (r = –0.643), ICH volume (r = 0.562), and had significantly higher correlations with long-term prognostic scores of 7th day mRS (r = 0.802) and 30th day mRS (r = 0.916). Conclusion Elevated admission serum ferritin levels indicate poor AHS short-term and long-term outcomes, thereby making serum ferritin a possible prognostic index for the same.

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Misra, Maneesh Kumar, Swayam Prakash, Nirmalya Roy Moulik, Archana Kumar, and Suraksha Agrawal. "Genetic associations of killer immunoglobulin like receptors and class I human leukocyte antigens on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia among north Indians." Human Immunology 77, no. 1 (January 2016): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2015.10.009.

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Yang, Jun J., Wenjian Yang, Cheng Cheng, Meenakshi Devidas, Xueyuan Cao, Dario Campana, Michael J. Borowitz, et al. "Genetically Defined Racial Differences Underlie Risk of Relapse in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.14.14.

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Abstract The effect of race or ethnicity on cure and survival outcomes among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is controversial. For those studies that have demonstrated variability in survival associated with race or ethnicity, the cause of these differences remains unclear. We therefore used genome-wide germline single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes to quantitatively estimate racial ancestral composition in children with ALL and examined associations between ancestries and the probability of ALL relapse. To infer population genomic structures, we applied principal components analysis (PCA) to genotypes at 219,955 germline SNPs in 893 individuals: 683 patients with ALL (450 from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital [St. Jude] Total XIIIB and Total XV studies and 233 from Children’s Oncology Group [COG] P9906 protocol), and 210 HapMap samples (60 CEU, 60 YRI, 90 CHB/JPT, serving as references for white, black, and Asian races, respectively). The top ranked principal component (PC1) separated self-reported black patients (n=92) and the YRI HapMap group from all other racial/ethnic groups; PC2 separated self-reported Asian patients (n=19) and the CHB/JPT HapMap samples from non-Asian populations. PC3, on the other hand, primarily captured genetic variation characteristic of American Indian ancestry (assessed using publicly available data from American Indians, n=105). Interestingly, Hispanic patients with ALL (n=75) showed a continuous cline between the American Indians and whites, displaying a gradient of these two ancestries among Hispanics. The relationships between ancestries (PC1, PC2, and PC3) and outcome were assessed in the St. Jude cohort first and validated in the COG cohort, using Fine and Gray’s regression test and after stratification for risk-adapted treatment. Of the top three PCs, only PC3 exhibited a significant association with cumulative incidence of relapse in St. Jude (P=0.038), with higher PC3 values linked to higher risk for relapse. This relationship between PC3 and relapse was validated in the COG cohort (P=0.003), which included more Hispanic patients than the St. Jude cohort. When the St. Jude and COG cohorts were combined, only the American Indian/Hispanic-informative PC3 (not PC1 or PC2) was related to relapse (P=4.5×10−4). Further, PC3 remained significant even after accounting for self-reported race/ethnicity (P=0.044), or when the analysis was restricted to self-reported white patients (P=0.006). The proportions of patients with high risk clinical or biological features (i.e. high leukocyte count, unfavorable age, unfavorable genetic subtypes, and minimal residual disease at the end of induction therapy) did not differ between the high and low PC3 groups (PC3 > or < 0.005). Therefore, the higher relapse rates in patients with higher proportions of American Indian ancestry are not derived from overrepresentation of unfavorable prognostic features in this group. In a multivariate analysis, PC3 remained significantly associated with the risk of relapse (P=0.041) after adjusting for known risk factors, indicating a possible independent prognostic value of PC3. In conclusion, germline genetic variation that is related to American Indian ancestry is associated with increased risk of leukemia relapse, providing evidence for a genetic basis for racial/ethnic differences in cancer treatment outcome.

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Grytdal, Scott P., Robert Weatherholtz, Douglas H. Esposito, James Campbell, Raymond Reid, Nicole Gregoricus, Chandra Schneeberger, et al. "Water quality, availability, and acute gastroenteritis on the Navajo Nation – a pilot case-control study." Journal of Water and Health 16, no. 6 (August 27, 2018): 1018–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.007.

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Abstract The Navajo Nation includes approximately 250,000 American Indians living in a remote high desert environment with limited access to public water systems. We conducted a pilot case-control study to assess associations between acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and water availability, use patterns, and quality. Case patients with AGE and non-AGE controls who presented for care to two Indian Health Service hospitals were recruited. Data on demographics and water use practices were collected using a standard questionnaire. Household drinking water was tested for presence of pathogens, coliforms, and residual chlorine. Sixty-one subjects (32 cases and 29 controls) participated in the study. Cases and controls were not significantly different with respect to water sources, quality, or patterns of use. Twenty-one percent (n = 12) of study participants resided in dwellings not connected to a community water system. Eleven percent (n = 7) of subjects reported drinking hauled water from unregulated sources. Coliform bacteria were present in 44% (n = 27) of household water samples, and 68% (n = 40) of samples contained residual chlorine concentrations of <0.2 mg/L. This study highlights issues with water availability, quality, and use patterns within the Navajo Nation, including sub-optimal access to community water systems, and use of water hauled from unregulated sources.

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Ravi, Ravi Chandra, and Charishma Chowdary Ponugubati. "Potential impact of COVID-19 on Indian population, confirmed, deceased and recuperations from novel coronavirus: a current evidence-based review." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 7 (June 26, 2020): 2850. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203026.

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In the ending of 2019 China has shattered the world by bring up news of pneumonia of unfamiliar aetiology in Wuhan, Hubei. The amount of cases with similar presentation began to strike high. It was formerly addressed as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and currently called as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). The virus has affected 209 countries globally and was declared to be a pandemic issue by WHO. India was no less. Cases in India increased at an exponential rate. In order to curb this the Indian government halted the intercountry travel. This review enlightens the potential impact of COVID-19 on the Indians and people capitulated by the virus and fought back successfully.

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Guo, Y., M. Traurig, L. Ma, S. Kobes, I. Harper, A. M. Infante, C. Bogardus, L. J. Baier, and M. Prochazka. "CHRM3 Gene Variation Is Associated With Decreased Acute Insulin Secretion and Increased Risk for Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indians." Diabetes 55, no. 12 (November 27, 2006): 3625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db06-0379.

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Janssen, R. C., C. Bogardus, J. Takeda, W. C. Knowler, and D. B. Thompson. "Linkage Analysis of Acute Insulin Secretion With GLUT2 and Glucokinase in Pima Indians and the Identification of a Missense Mutation in GLUT2." Diabetes 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diab.43.4.558.

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Suryaprasad, Anil, John T. Redd, Kathy Hancock, Alicia Branch, Evelene Steward-Clark, Jacqueline M. Katz, Alicia M. Fry, and James E. Cheek. "Severe acute respiratory infections caused by 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) among American Indians-southwestern United States, May 1-July 21, 2009." Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7, no. 6 (May 30, 2013): 1361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irv.12123.

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Janssen, R. C., C. Bogardus, J. Takeda, W. C. Knowler, and D. B. Thompson. "Linkage analysis of acute insulin secretion with GLUT2 and glucokinase in Pima Indians and the identification of a missense mutation in GLUT2." Diabetes 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.43.4.558.

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De Silva, Deidre Anne, Loreto Pascual Talabucon, Eng-King Tan, and Wei-Ling Lee. "Plasma Vitamin D Levels are Lower among Ethnic Indians in Matched Pairs of Male Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients of Indian and Chinese Ethnicity." Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 22, no. 3 (September 2013): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/201010581302200302.

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Dong, Yan, Tingwei Guo, Michael Traurig, Clint C. Mason, Sayuko Kobes, Jessica Perez, William C. Knowler, Clifton Bogardus, Robert L. Hanson, and Leslie J. Baier. "SIRT1 is associated with a decrease in acute insulin secretion and a sex specific increase in risk for type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 104, no. 4 (December 2011): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.001.

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Anderson, Eric, Matthew Glogoza, Aaron Bettenhausen, Brandon Fisher, Jared Sander, Donald Warne, and Cornelius Dyke. "AMERICAN INDIANS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES PRESENT WITH HIGHER ACUITY BUT HAVE SIMILAR SHORT AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AFTER ISOLATED CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 67, no. 13 (April 2016): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(16)30564-2.

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Sharma, Kamal, Vishal Sharma, Zeeshan Mansuri, Sharad Jain, Sanjeev Bhatia, and Krutika Patel. "Does angiographic profile and outcome of diabetic patients among Asian Indians correlate with presenting glycated hemoglobin during acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction? DECIPHER study." Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences 6, no. 2 (2020): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_9_20.

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Kaur, Rupinder, Reena Das, Jasmina Ahluwalia, Rohit Manoj Kumar, and KK Talwar. "Synergistic effect of angiotensin II type-1 receptor 1166A/C with angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism on risk of acute myocardial infarction in north Indians." Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 13, no. 4 (March 5, 2012): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470320312438789.

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Uppin, Archana M., Raju H. Badiger, Gayatri Sharma, Rishab Soni, Sowmya Parne, and Pavan Kumar Maddiri. "Assessment of incidence rate and prognosis of metabolic syndrome among acute myocardial infarction: a longitudinal study." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20200077.

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Background: The Metabolic Syndrome (METS) is a specific clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in the same person (abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated Blood Pressure (BP), Insulin Resistance (IR), and a proinflammatory state. A recent review of insulin resistance syndrome revealed a rapid escalation of this syndrome among Indians and the prevalence of predominant component of METS varies from region to region. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and prognosis of metabolic syndrome among acute myocardial infarction patients.Methods: A longitudinal study was carried among Acute myocardial infarction patients, who were admitted to ICCU of Shri. B. M. Patil Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur during November 2009 to March 2011. Sample size was calculated using the formula: n=4pq/L2. Sample size required was 92. Descriptive statistics and Inferential statistics were used to analyse the results.Results: The incidence rate of METS among AMI in our study was 48.7%. The complications were more common in METS group compared to those without METS groups. Recovery was better among those without METS group. There was a statistically significant association between complications and status of METS. The past history of DM was more common in METS. Hyperglycemia among the components of METS has strongest association with the outcome of death in patients of AMI.Conclusions: The metabolic syndrome is a highly prevalent condition among the patients with acute myocardial infarction and has detrimental impact on outcome Metabolic syndrome is also associated with a higher risk of severe heart failure and death.

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Akhter, Mohd Suhail, Arijit Biswas, Hina Rashid, Luxmi Devi, Madhuri Behari, and Renu Saxena. "Screening of the NOS3 gene identifies the variants 894G/T, 1998C/G and 2479G/A to be associated with acute onset ischemic stroke in young Asian Indians." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 344, no. 1-2 (September 2014): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2014.06.025.

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Foucar, Kathy, Marilyn H. Duncan, Christine A. Stidley, Charles L. Wiggins, William C. Hunt, and Charles R. Key. "Survival of children and adolescents with acute lymphoid leukemia. A study of American Indians and Hispanic and non-Hispanic whites treated in New Mexico (1969 to 1986)." Cancer 67, no. 8 (April 15, 1991): 2125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19910415)67:8<2125::aid-cncr2820670820>3.0.co;2-a.

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