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Journal articles on the topic 'Quick nuclear reactors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Shobeiri, Elaheh, Filippo Genco, Daniel Hoornweg, and Akira Tokuhiro. "Small Modular Reactor Deployment and Obstacles to Be Overcome." Energies 16, no. 8 (2023): 3468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083468.

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To meet climate policy goals, it will be necessary to deploy a series of low-carbon energy technologies, including nuclear power. The small modular reactor (SMR) can potentially support climate change mitigation and energy security issues. Small modular reactors (SMRs) are gaining popularity; however, one crucial debate is whether SMRs can compete economically with conventional nuclear reactors or not. From a commercial point of view, SMRs will be able to provide process heat in various industrial applications, replace older nuclear, natural gas, and coal power facilities, and serve smaller en

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2

Lee, Seung Min, Hana Park, Gwi Sook Jang, and Inkoo Hwang. "Widget-based Alarm Recognition and a Management Support Interface System in Nuclear Power Plants." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022503010.

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As small modular reactors (SMRs) and various computerized operating support systems have been developed, visual display unit(VDU)-based multifunctional consoles have been proposed. The more a console depends on VDUs, the more human system interface (HSI) designers need to consider the decrease in the human performance caused by the effect of navigation tasks. This paper proposes a widget-based alarm recognition and management support interface system to increase the operator’s ability to recognize alarms and to manage alarm-related tasks by reducing additional and excessive navigation tasks. W

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Boschee, Pam. "Comments: Nuclear Energy Gains (Some) Favor." Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, no. 07 (2023): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0723-0010-jpt.

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Support for nuclear energy in the US is at its highest level in a decade, with 55% of Americans supporting it as a source of electricity. A Gallup poll conducted in March found 25% strongly favor, 30% somewhat favor, while 22% each strongly or somewhat oppose its usage. The report noted that oil prices have generally affected Americans’ responses since the survey was begun in 1994: high oil prices trended with more openness to nuclear energy, low oil prices trended with less favor. As of May, there were 436 nuclear power reactors in operation (connected to the grid) worldwide, providing about

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Zhang, Guo Duo, Xu Hong Yang, Dong Qing Lu, and Yong Xiao Liu. "Research on Pressurizer Pressure Control System Based on BP Neural Network Control of Self-Adjusted PID Parameters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2416.

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The pressurizer is an important device in nuclear reactor system, and the traditional PID regulator is usually used to control pressure system of pressurizer in modern reactors. However, it is difficult to get precise parameters of traditional PID controller, and the PID control method is relied on the precise mathematical model badly. And the response of PID controller is often shown by the large amount of overshoot and long setting time which are not the desired results. For such a large inertia and complex time-varying control system, the tradition PID controller can not obtain the satisfy

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Araujo da Silva, Francky Roger, Giovanni Laranjo de Stefani, and Marcelo Vilela da Silva. "Analysis of the SWOT matrix as a strategy for implementing the Ap-Th1000 Reactor in Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): e2405. http://dx.doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2405.

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This article analyzes the SWOT Matrix for the implementation of the AP-Th1000 reactor with thorium fuel, aiming at a future replacement of the current nuclear reactors that use uranium as fuel by thorium. There was a need for an in-depth study of the national and international literature linked to the Brazilian reality. After that, specific meetings were held to detect all possible situations of the 4 main points of the SWOT matrix. During the sessions, which averaged 1 hour, the authors' industrial and academic expertise was demonstrated in competencies such as creativity, collaboration, effe

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Jahangiri, Ali. "Modeling the growth of a vapor film formed in contact between a hot metal sphere and water in pressure vessels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 233, no. 2 (2018): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408918760894.

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The contact between a hot object such as the particles of a molten metal and a cool and relatively volatile fluid such as water likely takes place in metal casting, paper manufacturing industries, and nuclear reactors. The highly intensive and quick heat transfer caused by the contact may increase the pressure in the vapor film formed on a hot particle within a short period leading to the vapor explosion followed by a strong pressure wave in a vessel containing a volatile matter. The present study aims to provide a mathematical model for contacting between a small hot copper metal sphere and w

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Rodriguez, Gilles, Philippe Amphoux, David Plancq, Edwige Richebois, Frédéric Varaine, and Philippe Bigeon. "The knowledge management on the design of a generation IV sodium fast reactor project at CEA. The case and methodology applied on the Astrid project." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 6 (2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2020016.

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From 2010 to 2019, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Commission (CEA) associated with industrial partners realized the Basic Design of a prototype Sodium Fast Reactor. This project was called ASTRID (ASTRID for Advanced Sodium Technological Reactor for Industrial Demonstration). ASTRID design studies were financed through governmental funds until the end of the basic design. These funds covered also the design studies for the core manufacturing workshop, the refurbishment or construction of large test loops. One year before the term of this Basic Design phase (in 2018), industrial par

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8

Dileep, B. N., P. M. Ravi, Managanvi Sangamesh, and N. Karunakara. "An advanced method for quick detection of heavy water leak in steam generators of pressurized heavy water reactors." Nuclear Engineering and Design 359 (April 2020): 110447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.110447.

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9

Rossi, Fabio, Luigi Cosentino, Fabio Longhitano, et al. "The Gamma and Neutron Sensor System for Rapid Dose Rate Mapping in the CLEANDEM Project." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094210.

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The decommissioning of nuclear installations, as well as the possible necessary accident remediations, requires the physical presence of human operators in potentially radiologically hostile environments. The number of active nuclear reactors worldwide is greater than 400, and most of them are 40 to 50 years old, thus implying that soon they will have to be dismantled. In the framework of the H2020 CLEANDEM project, a small robotic vehicle is being developed that is equipped with a series of different sensors for areas that are significantly contaminated by radiation. In this work, we describe

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10

Nguyen, Son An, Tien Van Dang, Thang Huu Ho, and Hieu Bao Quoc Phan. "Determination of the neutron beam diameter based on the neutron activation analysis." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 4 (2016): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i4.604.

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Neutron beam diameter is a very important parameter in the experimental nuclear research. Determination of the correct neutron beam diameter is the best method to prepare corectly the optimal sample size correctly, reduced data analysis errors. To measure the neutron diameter, some methods were used: Simulation by Monte – Carlo method, neutron image, and neutron activation analysis. In this report, we determined the neutron beam diameter of the 3rd horizontal channel of the Dalat nuclear reactor that activated gold foils. The result shows that this method offer quick and more correct results t

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11

Meenachi, N. Madurai, N. Hari Prasad, and M. Sai Baba. "Quick Mapping Evaluator - application for ontology mapping evaluation: a case study on nuclear reactor domain." International Journal of Nuclear Knowledge Management 6, no. 2 (2013): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnkm.2013.054495.

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12

Hala, Ahmed. "Status of nuclear fusion energy science & technology for power production: progress & prospects." Journal of Nuclear and Radiation Sciences 1, no. 1 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jnrs.2022.01.002.

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Energy release by nuclear fusion reactions was first proposed in the context of theories explaining the energy source of stellar objects. Subsequently, laboratory experiments in the 1930's demonstrated the validity of such reactions. From the 1940's onward, efforts began to pursue the controlled & uncontrolled release of nuclear fusion energy for both civilian & military applications. While the military aspect of this technology was proved in the early 1950's, the civilian part, which focused on inventing different techniques to fuse light elements nuclei to produce power, found little

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Hagura, N., K. Kashimata, K. Mochiki, and Y. Oguri. "PIXE analysis of concrete composition in a research reactor facility under decommissioning." International Journal of PIXE 28, no. 03n04 (2018): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012908351850016x.

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This study conducted an evaluation of elemental composition of concrete in an old nuclear reactor facility using the particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. Given that the physical volume of the concrete is huge, easy, and quick analysis of many samples via the PIXE method can expedite the decommissioning work. The result of this study confirmed that it is possible to use the PIXE method for detecting light and medium-heavy elements (from Na to Fe) in concrete without the complicated chemical treatment. Some of these elements contain parent nuclides of Na-24, Al-28, and Fe-55, which

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14

Clark, Adam H., Patrick Steiger, Benjamin Bornmann, et al. "Fluorescence-detected quick-scanning X-ray absorption spectroscopy." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 3 (2020): 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520002350.

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Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) offers the possibility to monitor the state of materials during chemical reactions. While this technique has been established for transmission measurements for a number of years, XAS measurements in fluorescence mode are challenging because of limitations in signal collection as well as detectors. Nevertheless, measurements in fluorescence mode are often the only option to study complex materials containing heavy matrices or in samples where the element of interest is in low concentration. Here, it has been demonstrated that high-quality quick-

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15

Hasenour, Dillon L., and Paul C. Duffell. "Quantifying Advantages of a Moving Mesh in Nuclear Hydrodynamics." Astrophysical Journal 981, no. 1 (2025): 63. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adaeb0.

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Abstract Many astrophysical explosions, such as type Ia supernovae, classical novae, and X-ray bursts, are dominated by thermonuclear runaway. To model these processes accurately, one must evolve nuclear reactions concurrently with hydrodynamics. We present an application of the moving mesh technique to this field of computation with the aim of explicitly testing the advantages of the method against the fixed mesh case. By way of traditional Strang splitting, our work couples a 13 isotope nuclear reaction network to a 1D moving mesh, Cartesian geometry hydrodynamics code. We explore three reac

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16

Merk, Bruno, Dzianis Litskevich, Anna Detkina, et al. "iMAGINE—Visions, Missions, and Steps for Successfully Delivering the Nuclear System of the 21st Century." Energies 16, no. 7 (2023): 3120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16073120.

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Nuclear technologies have the potential to play a major role in the transition to a global net-zero society. Their primary advantage is the capability to deliver controllable 24/7 energy on demand. However, as a prerequisite for successful worldwide application, significant innovation will be required to create the nuclear systems of the 21st century, the need of the hour. The pros (low harmful emissions, high reliability, low operational expenses, and high energy density) and cons (environmental damage, fuel waste disposal concerns, limited uranium reserves, and long construction time-frame)

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17

Nishikawa, M., E. Tachibana, K. Watanabe, T. Narikawa, and S. Toda. "Quick replacement of the fusion core parts in a cassette compact toroid reactor." Fusion Engineering and Design 5, no. 4 (1987): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(87)90193-1.

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18

Riyandwita, Byan Wahyu, Muhammad Subhan, Topan Setiadipura, et al. "DESIGN SCENARIO AND ANALYSIS FOR PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATION OF STEAM GENERATOR IN THE PELUIT-40." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA 25, no. 1 (2023): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/tdm.2023.6778.

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The helical steam generator is connected to an HTGR-type nuclear reactor called PeLUIt-40 for steam production. Steam is used to generate electricity and hydrogen. A once-through helical tube bundle was employed because of its ability to endure mechanical stress due to thermal expansion, high resistance to flow-induced vibrations, and better thermal performance compared to a straight tube one. To produce the targeted steam, a design analysis of the once-through helical steam generator needs to be conducted. A quick evaluation method was used to predict the preliminary specifications required f

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19

Maity, Ujjwal Kumar, Periasamy Manoravi, Nagarajan Sivaraman, Mathew Joseph, and Uthandi Kamachi Mudali. "Fast burn-up measurement in simulated nuclear fuel using ICP-MS." Radiochimica Acta 106, no. 11 (2018): 885–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2018-2961.

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Abstract A double focusing ICP-MS with pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of thin films as sampling tool has been used in simulated spent fuels for a quick measurement on burn-up of nuclear reactor fuels by measuring the atom ratio of U (representing total heavy elements of mass >225) to selected lanthanide fission monitors. A linear correlation is established between the measured intensity ratios of 238U/143Nd, 238U/(145Nd+146Nd) and 238U/139La against the actual atom ratios present in the samples. The samples in the form of solution are obtained by dissolving different concentrations of U, Nd

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20

Merk, Bruno, Omid Noori-kalkhoran, Lakshay Jain, et al. "A Draft Design of a Zero-Power Experiment for Molten Salt Fast Reactor Studies." Energies 17, no. 11 (2024): 2678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17112678.

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The UK government and many international experts have pointed out that nuclear energy has an important role to play in the transition towards a decarbonised energy system since it is the only freely manageable very low-carbon energy technology with 24/7 availability to complement renewables. Besides current investments in light water reactor technologies, we need innovation for improved fuel usage and reduced waste creation, like that offered by iMAGINE, for the required broad success of nuclear technologies. To allow for quick progress in innovative technologies like iMAGINE and their regulat

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21

Ohya, Tomoyuki, Kotaro Nagatsu, Masayuki Hanyu, Katsuyuki Minegishi, and Ming-Rong Zhang. "Simple separation of 67Cu from bulk zinc by coprecipitation using hydrogen sulfide gas and silver nitrate." Radiochimica Acta 108, no. 6 (2020): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2019-3168.

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AbstractCopper-67 (67Cu), a feasible radionuclide for diagnosis and radiotherapy, is commercially generated from a bulk zinc (Zn) target using the 68Zn(p, 2p)67Cu and 68Zn(γ, p)67Cu nuclear reactions. Because it uses a large amount of zinc, the separation is complex – requiring a combination of three ion exchange columns – and is time-consuming (about 1 day). We developed a quick and easy separation method referred to as “double coprecipitation” using H2S gas and silver nitrate as coprecipitation agents in place of ion exchange columns. We compared this method with a conventional separation me

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22

Li, Xiao, Xiaoyong Yang, Youjie Zhang, and Jie Wang. "HTR-10GT Dual Bypass Valve Control Features and Decoupling Strategy for Power Regulation." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9404636.

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HTR-10GT is the development of HTR-10 reactor, which PCU will be a closed Brayton cycle with two-stage compression and heat recuperation. Bypass control method is adopted for rapid power regulation and safety protection. But quick opening of single bypass valve would inevitably lead to temperature shocks in multiple components especially at the reactor inlet and the recuperator core. Based on the regulating characteristics of each possible bypass valve, a dual bypass valve control scheme was proposed along with MIMO decoupling controller designed with diagonal matrix method. The system was mod

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23

Boyd, B., A. C. Calder, D. M. Townsley, and M. Zingale. "Approximating Convective Urca Cooling in a Simmering White Dwarf." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2997, no. 1 (2025): 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2997/1/012006.

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Abstract Type Ia supernovae are bright thermonuclear explosions that play important roles in many areas of astronomy such as cosmology and galaxy evolution. The near Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf is a potential progenitor for these supernovae. This model entails a white dwarf accreting material from a companion and gaining mass to the point of igniting carbon fusion in the core. The onset of carbon fusion, called the simmering phase, drives convection and alters the evolution of the white dwarf as it approaches the thermonuclear explosion. A key factor during this phase is the convective Urca

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24

Zhao, Ming, Yang Yang, Xuebing Peng, Aiming Liu, Yong Cheng, and Hongfeng Wang. "Neural network based visual servo for quick-change device alignment in context of fusion reactor remote maintenance." Fusion Engineering and Design 181 (August 2022): 113218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113218.

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25

Wang, Lipeng, Shuwei Guo, Tianliang Hu, et al. "Transient Simulation and Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of Godiva Experiment Based on MOOSE Platform." Energies 16, no. 18 (2023): 6575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16186575.

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The fast-neutron burst reactor is a chain reactor that can operate in a prompt critical state. In order to ensure the operational safety of the fast-neutron-pulse reactor and prevent the supercritical pulse from causing physical damage to the material, it is necessary to simulate and analyze the pulse operating conditions of the fast-neutron-pulse reactor. Godiva-I is a spherical assembly of highly enriched uranium metal made during the 1950s. A prompt-critical transient in such a nuclear system impels a quick power excursion, which will cause a temperature rise and a subsequent reactivity red

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Straub, Douglas L., Kent H. Casleton, Robie E. Lewis, Todd G. Sidwell, Daniel J. Maloney, and George A. Richards. "Assessment of Rich-Burn, Quick-Mix, Lean-Burn Trapped Vortex Combustor for Stationary Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 1 (2005): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1789152.

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This paper describes the evaluation of an alternative combustion approach to achieve low emissions for a wide range of fuel types. This approach combines the potential advantages of a staged rich-burn, quick-mix, lean-burn (RQL) combustor with the revolutionary trapped vortex combustor (TVC) concept. Although RQL combustors have been proposed for low-Btu fuels, this paper considers the application of an RQL combustor for high-Btu natural gas applications. This paper will describe the RQL/TVC concept and experimental results conducted at 10 atm (1013 kPa or 147 psia) and an inlet-air temperatur

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27

Minetti, Manuela, Andrea Bonfiglio, Ivone Benfatto, and Ye Yulong. "Strategies for Real-Time Simulation of Central Solenoid ITER Power Supply Digital Twin." Energies 16, no. 13 (2023): 5107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135107.

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The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a cutting-edge project that aims to develop a sustainable energy source by harnessing the power of nuclear fusion. One of the key challenges in the development of the ITER is the complex electrical grid that is required to support its operations. To address this challenge, a digital twin (DT) of the Central Solenoid (CS) Converter Power Supply grid has to be developed, and real-time simulation strategies have been proposed to monitor and study the performance of the ITER grid. Real-time simulation strategies allow for continuous fe

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Janczyszyn, Jerzy A., Grażyna Domańska, and Przemysław Stanisz. "Fission chambers for space effect reduction in the application of the area method: A new approach." Nukleonika 65, no. 3 (2020): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2020-0026.

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AbstractThe possibility of preparing fission chambers for the experimental determination of subcriticality without time-consuming corrections has been presented. The reactor detectors set consists of monoisotopic chambers. Each chamber is intended for a specific position in the system. Individual weights, rated a priori for all detectors in their positions, allow for quick calculation of whole system subcriticality. The inconveniences related to the spatial effect are minimized. This is achieved by computational simulation of the area method results, for each detector position and all possible

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Boschee, Pam. "Comments: Grabbing the Brass Ring To Power the Demand for Data Centers and Generative AI." Journal of Petroleum Technology 76, no. 05 (2024): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0524-0008-jpt.

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_ “There’s no way to get there without a breakthrough.” These were the words of OpenAI’s CEO Sam Altman at a sideline meeting with Bloomberg at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland, in January, referring to the energy required to power generative AI, data centers, cloud computing, and to support required equipment and infrastructure. As industries swiftly transition into a fresh era of digital revolution, spearheaded by the fast adoption and advancement of generative AI technology, the demand for energy to power data centers and required infrastructure skyrockets. Research firm

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León-Boigues, Laia, Luis Andrés Pérez, and Carmen Mijangos. "In Situ Synthesis of Poly(butyl methacrylate) in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanoreactors by Radical Polymerization: A Comparative Kinetics Analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and 1H-NMR." Polymers 13, no. 4 (2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040602.

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In this work, we explore the ability to generate well-defined poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) nanostructures by “in situ” polymerization of butyl methacrylate monomer (BMA). PBMA nanostructures of high and low aspect ratios have been successfully obtained through the free radical polymerization (FRP) of a BMA monomer in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoreactors of suitable size. A polymerization kinetics process has been followed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR).The determination of the kinetics of polymerization through DSC

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Kim, Chan Sic, Rakesh Saroha, and Jung Sang Cho. "N-Doped Graphene Nanofibers with Porous Channel Comprising Fe x S y Nanocrystals and Intertwined N-Doped CNTs as Efficient Interlayers for Li-S Batteries." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (October 20, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3610577.

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Hierarchically porous and conductive nanofibers (NFs) comprising nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) and iron sulfide (Fe x S y ) nanocrystals along with highly intertwined nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) abbreviated as “P-rGO@Fe x S y /N-CNT NFs” were synthesized via electrospinning technique as multifunctional interlayers via coating on the commercial separator for stable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The porous N-rGO framework acts as a backbone to enhance the structural integrity of the nanostructure. The N-CNTs and N-rGO guarantee various conductive channels for quic

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Lemech, Charlotte Rose, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Jens-Peter Marschner, Kostas Alevizopoulos, Marit Otterlei, and Michael Millward. "Safety profile and disease stabilization in late stage, heavily pretreated, solid tumor patients in a first-in-human (FIH) study of ATX-101, a drug targeting proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 3067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.3067.

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3067 Background: PCNA is a conserved scaffold protein orchestrating DNA replication, repair or bypass pathways as well as cellular signaling and apoptosis. More than 500 protein-PCNA interactions have been identified which are mediated via two binding motifs, the PIP-box and APIM. Cellular stress, to which cancer cells and cells of tumor microenvironment are exposed, increases the affinity of the APIM motif. APIM-containing proteins bind to PCNA and mediate processes of escape mechanisms and survival of cancer cells. ATX-101 is a cell penetrating peptide containing APIM. It inhibits protein bi

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Antonio, Carlos Marques Alvim, Carvalho da Silva Fernando, and Senra Martinez Aquilino. "Improved Neutron Leakage Treatment on Nodal Expansion Method for PWR Reactors." March 28, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1079176.

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For a quick and accurate calculation of spatial neutron distribution in nuclear power reactors 3D nodal codes are usually used aiming at solving the neutron diffusion equation for a given reactor core geometry and material composition. These codes use a second order polynomial to represent the transverse leakage term. In this work, a nodal method based on the well known nodal expansion method (NEM), developed at COPPE, making use of this polynomial expansion was modified to treat the transverse leakage term for the external surfaces of peripheral reflector nodes. The proposed method was implem

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Liu, Pan, Yuebing Li, Ting Jin, and Dasheng Wang. "Quick Evaluation Method for Defect Exceeding the Allowable Flaw Size in Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Reactor for Power Plant and Space Heating." Frontiers in Energy Research 9 (November 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2021.796340.

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Nuclear power can be used for power generation, space heating, and other fields, producing a limited level of greenhouse gases and no atmospheric pollutants. However, the safety of nuclear reactors is always a public concern. The reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) play an important role in the safe operation of a nuclear power plant. When a defect is inspected in the RPV, complex analytical evaluation procedures, including fatigue analysis and fracture assessment, are necessary to ensure the structural integrity of the defective component. Based on the RSE-M, a quick evaluation approach for RPVs

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D., S. Gomes, and T. Silva A. "Nuclear Fuel Safety Threshold Determined by Logistic Regression Plus Uncertainty." February 4, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1129668.

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Analysis of the uncertainty quantification related to nuclear safety margins applied to the nuclear reactor is an important concept to prevent future radioactive accidents. The nuclear fuel performance code may involve the tolerance level determined by traditional deterministic models producing acceptable results at burn cycles under 62 GWd/MTU. The behavior of nuclear fuel can simulate applying a series of material properties under irradiation and physics models to calculate the safety limits. In this study, theoretical predictions of nuclear fuel failure under transient conditions investigat

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Sayed, Fatma A., Hussein A. Elsayed, M. F. Eissa, Arafa H. Aly, and Ahmed Mehaney. "Monitoring and simulation of the fuel irradiation behavior in nuclear reactors based on phononic crystal structure." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39298-w.

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AbstractWe have presented in the current work a novel idea for simulating the irradiation behaviors of the nuclear fuel pellets in nuclear reactors by using a one-dimensional defective phononic crystal (1D-DPnC) design was presented. The transmission spectra of the incident mechanical waves were considered basic data for expressing the characteristics of different nuclear fuel-pellets. Herein, the density, sound speed, and Young’s modulus of the fuel-pellets represent the key parameters that are influenced by the irradiation behaviors of these pallets. Mixed plutonium–uranium oxide (MOX) nucle

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Desai, Hely. "Liberalizing the Nuclear Energy Sector: Small Modular Reactors, Net-Zeros, and Perceptions in India." International Journal of Nuclear Security 9, no. 3 (2024). https://doi.org/10.7290/ijns09347061.

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The experimental small modular reactors (SMRs) have come to gain immense attention and importance given the global quest to quickly achieve net-zero goals. The Indian Government, too, has been pushing for SMRs to aid its industrial decarbonization targets and eventually wield the supply mediation in the race to acquire this novel technology. However, one of the key debates driving SMR discourse in India is the dilemma of allowing the involvement of the private sector into the nuclear energy realm. Although this idea seems to be an exciting solution to India’s energy woes, the reevaluation of a

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Gopakumar, Vignesh, Stanislas Pamela, Lorenzo Zanisi, et al. "Plasma surrogate modelling using Fourier Neural Operators." Nuclear Fusion, March 7, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad313a.

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Abstract Predicting plasma evolution within a Tokamak reactor is crucial to realizing the goal of sustainable fusion. Capabilities in forecasting the spatio-temporal evolution of plasma rapidly and accurately allow us to quickly iterate over design and control strategies on current Tokamak devices and future reactors. Modelling plasma evolution using numerical solvers is often expensive, consuming many hours on supercomputers, and hence, we need alternative inexpensive surrogate models. We demonstrate accurate predictions of plasma evolution both in simulation and experimental domains using de

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Gaikwad, Avinash J., Naresh K. Maheshwari, Dinesh K. Chandrakar, R. B. Solanki, Bhanuprakash, and Uttam K. Paul. "Ensuring safety of new, advanced small modular reactors for fundamental safety and with an optimal main heat transport systems configuration." Kerntechnik, May 12, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kern-2022-0106.

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Abstract Many countries are considering Small and Modular Reactors as a viable alternative to counter the climate-change/global-warming with a quick deployment of green, carbon free nuclear energy option in the energy mix. Proponents of SMRs claim that these designs rely more on enhanced inherent/engineered safety and passive features with novel concepts. SMRs are being designed to be fabricated at a factory and then transported as ‘modules’ to the sites for installation either as a single module or multiple module plant. There are many variant of SMRs under considerations/design/construction/

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Yin, Yuan, Zhenheng Yuan, Bo Pang, Yiqing Xiao, and Yangbin Deng. "Design and assessment of a core-power controller for lithium-cooled space nuclear reactor based on the concept of fuzzy model predictive control." Frontiers in Energy Research 10 (January 17, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.1067892.

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Thanks to its unique characteristics of high power-to-mass ratio, shallow reactivity poisoning, and quick response to reactivity control, power supply system based on lithium-cooled space nuclear reactor is preferred for various exploration missions into outer and deep space. However, due to its nature of few-people or even unmanned on-duty, an intelligent autonomous control of the reactor system, especially an accurate control of the reactor core power following the demanding power output, is of vital importance for such a space nuclear reactor. In this study, a core-power controller for a me

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Liu, Haoyang, Wenkai Qian, Min Zhu, and Suhui Li. "Kinetics Modeling on NOx Emissions of a Syngas Turbine Combustor Using Rich-Burn, Quick-Mix, Lean-Burn Combustion Method." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 142, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4045585.

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Abstract To avoid flashback issues of the high-H2 syngas fuel, current syngas turbines usually use nonpremixed combustors, which have high NOx emissions. A promising solution to this dilemma is rich-burn, quick-mix, lean-burn (RQL) combustion, which not only reduces NOx emissions but also mitigates flashback. This paper presents a kinetics modeling study on NOx emissions of a syngas–fueled gas turbine combustor using RQL architecture. The combustor was simulated with a chemical reactor network (CRN) model in chemkin-pro software. The combustion and NOx formation reactions were modeled using a

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Zhu, Wang, Zhang Chungyu, and Yuan Cenxi. "Multiphysics Modeling of Pressurized Water Reactor Fuel Performance." Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 4, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4039848.

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Nuclear fuel rods operate under complex radioactive, thermal, and mechanical conditions. Nowadays, fuel rod codes usually make great simplifications on analyzing the multiphysics behavior of fuel rods. The present study develops a three-dimensional (3D) module within the framework of a general-purpose finite element solver, i.e., abaqus, for modeling the major physics of the fuel rods. A typical fuel rod, subjected to stable operations and transient conditions, is modeled. The results show that the burnup levels have an important influence on the thermomechanical behavior of fuel rods. The swe

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van Dijk, Arjan, Michiel de Bode, Astrid Kloosterman, Marte van der Linden, and Jasper M. Tomas. "Modeling Fallout from Nuclear Weapon Detonations: Efficient Activity and Dose Calculation of Radionuclides and Their Progeny." Health Physics, July 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000001834.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a practical method for quick determination of potential radiological doses and contaminations by fallout from nuclear detonations, or other releases, that includes the contributions from all nuclides. We precalculate individual (total) activities of all radionuclides from any initial cocktail and all their ingrowing progeny at a set of pinpoints in time with a logarithmic time-spacing. This is combined with the set of dose conversion factors (DCC) for any exposure pathway to obtain a time-dependent cocktail for the whole release as if it is one

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Blanco, Elena de la Rosa, Jay Peck, Richard C. Miake-Lye, et al. "Minimizing Sampling Loss in Trace Gas Emission Measurements for Aircraft Engines by Using a Chemical Quick-Quench Probe." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 133, no. 7 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4002665.

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This paper describes the development and testing of a gas sampling probe that quenches chemical reactions by using supersonic expansion and helium dilution. Gas sampling probes are required for accurate measurement of exhaust emissions species, which is critical to determine the performance of an aircraft engine. The probe was designed through rounds of computational modeling and laboratory testing and was subsequently manufactured and then tested at the University of Tennessee Space Institute behind a General Electric J85 turbojet engine at different power settings: idle, maximum military, an

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Wu, Xiaolu, Zhaolu Qin, Wenchao Zhang, and Rongjie Yang. "Influence of monomer concentration on structures of fully condensed polyphenylsilsesquioxanes." High Performance Polymers, December 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09540083231222593.

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Fully condensed polyphenylsilsesquioxanes have been prepared via the hydrolysis and condensation of the same phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) monomer in different concentrations. The effect of monomer concentration on molecular structure of the final products has been thoroughly investigated. Cage structured polyphenylsilsesquioxane (OPS) and ladder-like structured polyphenylsilsesquioxane (L-PPSQ) can be selectively synthesized from the same starting materials at lower and higher initial monomer concentrations. Meanwhile, online infrared detector, React IR TM15 was used to monitor the real time

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Lemech, Charlotte Rose, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Jens-Peter Marschner, Konstantinos Alevizopoulos, Marit Otterlei, and Michael Millward. "ATX-101, a cell-penetrating protein targeting PCNA, can be safely administered as intravenous infusion in patients and shows clinical activity in a Phase 1 study." Oncogene, December 23, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-022-02582-6.

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AbstractProliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is a highly conserved protein essential for DNA replication, repair and scaffold functions in the cytosol. Specific inhibition of PCNA in cancer cells is an attractive anti-cancer strategy. ATX-101 is a first-in-class drug targeting PCNA, primarily in cellular stress regulation. Multiple in vivo and in vitro investigations demonstrated anti-cancer activity of ATX-101 in many tumor types and a potentiating effect on the activity of anti-cancer therapies. Healthy cells were less affected. Based on preclinical data, a clinical phase 1 study was in

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ALI, Azhin Saber, and Lana Sardar ALALEM. "Exploring the Diagnostic Potential of IHC and Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches for Endometrial Carcinoma Detection and Classification." Journal of Clinical Medicine: Current Research 3, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.53043/2832-7551.jcmcr.3.008.

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Background: Globally, in 2018 endometrial cancer (EC) regarded as the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourteenth leading cause of cancer with more deaths in females. Nowadays classical and modern classifications can be performing for diagnosing various types of cancers including endometrial cancer. Based on this our Objective of study is to determine the effectiveness of immunohistochemical observation, a quick and easy method for determining MSI and/or other types of EC which based on modern classification. As molecular study takes more cost we want to compare the both methods an

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Pinnock, Mark A., Yipeng Hu, Steve Bandula, and Dean C. Barratt. "Multi-phase synthetic contrast enhancement in interventional computed tomography for guiding renal cryotherapy." International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, February 15, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-023-02843-z.

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Abstract Purpose Minimally invasive treatments for renal carcinoma offer a low rate of complications and quick recovery. One drawback of the use of computed tomography (CT) for needle guidance is the use of iodinated contrast agents, which require an increased X-ray dose and can potentially cause adverse reactions. The purpose of this work is to generalise the problem of synthetic contrast enhancement to allow the generation of multiple phases on non-contrast CT data from a real-world, clinical dataset without training multiple convolutional neural networks. Methods A framework for switching b

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Xuan Vuong, Bui. "The Evaluation of Formation and Bioactivity of New Sol-gel Bioactive Glass." VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 35, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4832.

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In this paper, three ceramic compositions 50SiO2-50CaO (A), 45SiO2-45CaO-10P2O5 (B) and 40SiO2-40CaO-20P2O5 (C) (wt %) were synthesized by using the sol-gel technique. XRD analysis demonstrates that only sample C can form the glass material. Treated temperatures and heated times were also evaluated. Analysis data showed that the bioglass 40SiO2-40CaO-20P2O5 (wt %) can successfully elaborate when the ceramic powder heated at 750 oC for 3 hours. ‘‘In vitro’’ experiment was effectuated to investigate the bioactivity of bioglass 40SiO2-40CaO-20P2O5 by soaking powder samples in SBF solution. Obtain

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