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Journal articles on the topic 'Quinine alkaloids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Griffin, Carol E., Jonathan M. Hoke, Upeka Samarakoon, et al. "Mutation in the Plasmodium falciparum CRT Protein Determines the Stereospecific Activity of Antimalarial Cinchona Alkaloids." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 10 (2012): 5356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05667-11.

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ABSTRACTTheCinchonaalkaloids are quinoline aminoalcohols that occur as diastereomer pairs, typified by (−)-quinine and (+)-quinidine. The potency of (+)-isomers is greater than the (−)-isomersin vitroandin vivoagainstPlasmodium falciparummalaria parasites. They may act by the inhibition of heme crystallization within the parasite digestive vacuole in a manner similar to chloroquine. Earlier studies showed that a K76I mutation in the digestive vacuole-associated protein, PfCRT (P. falciparumchloroquine resistance transporter), reversed the normal potency order of quinine and quinidine towardP.

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2

Horie, Masao, Mitsuo Oishi, Fusako Ishikawa, et al. "Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Cinchona Alkaloids in Beverages." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 89, no. 4 (2006): 1042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/89.4.1042.

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Abstract A method for the determination of Cinchona extract (whose main components are the alkaloids cinchonine, cinchonidine, quinidine, and quinine) in beverages by liquid chromatography was developed. A beverage with an alcohol content of more than 10% was loaded onto an OASIS HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge, after it was adjusted to pH 10 with 28% ammonium hydroxide. Other beverages were centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 5 min, and the supernatant was loaded onto the cartridge. The cartridge was washed with water followed by 15% methanol, and the Cinchona alkaloids were eluted with methanol

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3

Eyal, Sara. "The Fever Tree: from Malaria to Neurological Diseases." Toxins 10, no. 12 (2018): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10120491.

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This article describes the discovery and use of the South American cinchona bark and its main therapeutic (and toxic) alkaloids, quinine and quinidine. Since the introduction of cinchona to Europe in the 17th century, it played a role in treating emperors and peasants and was central to colonialism and wars. Over those 400 years, the medical use of cinchona alkaloids has evolved from bark extracts to chemical synthesis and controlled clinical trials. At the present time, the use of quinine and quinidine has declined, to a large extent due to their toxicity. However, quinine is still being pres

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4

Dubey, Anubhav, and Yatendra Singh. "Medicinal Properties of Cinchona Alkaloids - A Brief Review." Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2021.00036.

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Cinchona which belongs to family Rubiaceae, got its importance from the centuries because of its anti- malarial activity. Alkaloids present in this herb, Quinine, Chichonine, Quinidine and Cinchonidine are the main, but percentage may vary in species to species. Since the early 17th century, these alkaloid are frequently used in Indian ayurvedic, sidha and traditional folk medicine to treating fever and Still now in modern medicine cinchona alkaloids are used for the treatment of malaria as well as for other diseases and became the well-known drug after the treatment of malaria caused by Plasm

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5

Montagnac, A., M. Litaudon, and M. País. "Quinine- and quinicine-derived alkaloids from Guettarda noumeana." Phytochemistry 46, no. 5 (1997): 973–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(97)00358-0.

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6

Malchow, R. P., H. Qian, and H. Ripps. "A novel action of quinine and quinidine on the membrane conductance of neurons from the vertebrate retina." Journal of General Physiology 104, no. 6 (1994): 1039–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.104.6.1039.

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The cinchona alkaloids quinine and quinidine have been shown to block a broad range of voltage-gated membrane conductances in a variety of excitable tissues. Using the whole-cell version of the patch clamp technique, we examined the effects of these compounds on voltage-dependent currents from horizontal cells dissociated enzymatically from the all-rod retina of the skate. We report here a novel and unexpected action of quinine and quinidine on isolated horizontal cells. In addition to blocking several of the voltage-activated currents of these cells, the introduction of the alkaloids evoked a

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7

Ratnadewi, Diah. "Strictosidine Synthase Coding Gene Expression towards Quinine Biosynthesis and Accumulation: Inconsistency in Cultured Cells and Fresh Tissues of Cinchona ledgeriana." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 26, no. 01 (2021): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1817.

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Strictosidine synthase, encoded by the gene STR, facilitates the regeneration of strictosidine, a critical intermediate for the synthesis of many plant alkaloids. The gene has, however, never been studied in Cinchona spp. The plants produce quinine alkaloid used for malaria medication, SARS-CoV-2 treatment and other industrial purposes. Cultured cells can produce the alkaloid but only at a much lower yield than the natural tree. This study describes STR expression and quinine content in various plant materials. Bioinformatic analyses were conducted on nine species of Rubiaceae to obtain refere

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8

Brittain, Harry G. "Vibrational Spectroscopic Study of the Cocrystal Products Formed by Cinchona Alkaloids with 5-Nitrobarbituric Acid." Journal of Spectroscopy 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/340460.

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X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy have been used to study the phenomenon of cocrystal formation in the molecular complexes formed by 5-nitrobarbituric acid with four cinchona alkaloids. The cocrystal products were found to contain varying degrees of hydration, ranging from no hydration in the nitrobarbiturate-quinidine cocrystal up to a 4.5-hydrate species in the nitrobarbiturate-cinchonine cocrystal. For the nitrobarbiturate cocrystals with cinchonine, cinchonidine, and quinidine, the predominant interaction w

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9

Sanders, Natalie G., David J. Meyers, and David J. Sullivan. "Antimalarial Efficacy of Hydroxyethylapoquinine (SN-119) and Its Derivatives." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 2 (2013): 820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01704-13.

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ABSTRACTQuinine and other cinchona-derived alkaloids, although recently supplanted by the artemisinins (ARTs), continue to be important for treatment of severe malaria. Quinine and quinidine have narrow therapeutic indices, and a safer quinine analog is desirable, particularly with the continued threat of antimalarial drug resistance. Hydroxyethylapoquinine (HEAQ), used at 8 g a day for dosing in humans in the 1930s and halving mortality from bacterial pneumonias, was shown to cure bird malaria in the 1940s and was also reported as treatment for human malaria cases. Here we describe synthesis

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10

Pratiwi, Dian Rahma, Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih, and Diah Ratnadewi. "Localization of Alkaloid and Other Secondary Metabolites in Cinchona ledgeriana Moens: Anatomical and Histochemical Studies on Fresh Tissues and Cultured Cells." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 27, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.27.1.1.

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Cinchona ledgeriana produces several secondary metabolites. The main quinoline alkaloid, quinine that is widely used as an antimalarial drug, is most commonly extracted from the bark of Cinchona, and its leaves contain several other metabolites. Many studies have revealed that cell culture of Cinchona also produces quinine. Nevertheless, the sites of secondary metabolites accumulation are still elusive. This study is aimed at describing specific anatomical structures where alkaloids and some other secondary metabolites are accumulated as well as their localization in leaves and barks of C. led

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11

Wink, Michael. "Potential of DNA Intercalating Alkaloids and Other Plant Secondary Metabolites against SARS-CoV-2 Causing COVID-19." Diversity 12, no. 5 (2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12050175.

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Many plants produce secondary metabolites (PSMs) with antiviral activities. Among the antiviral PSMs, lipophilic terpenoids in essential oils can disturb the lipid envelope of viruses. Phenols and polyphenols (flavonoids, rosmarinic acid and tannins) attack viral proteins present in the viral membrane or inside the virus particle. Both phenolics and essential oils are active against free viral particles but not—or to a lesser degree—after a virus has entered a host cell. Another group of PSMs is directed against DNA or RNA. These are DNA intercalators such as sanguinarine, berberine, emetine a

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Tichá, Iveta Chena, Simona Hybelbauerová та Jindřich Jindřich. "New α- and β-cyclodextrin derivatives with cinchona alkaloids used in asymmetric organocatalytic reactions". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (1 квітня 2019): 830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.80.

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The preparation of new organocatalysts for asymmetric syntheses has become a key stage of enantioselective catalysis. In particular, the development of new cyclodextrin (CD)-based organocatalysts allowed to perform enantioselective reactions in water and to recycle catalysts. However, only a limited number of organocatalytic moieties and functional groups have been attached to CD scaffolds so far. Cinchona alkaloids are commonly used to catalyze a wide range of enantioselective reactions. Thus, in this study, we report the preparation of new α- and β-CD derivatives monosubstituted with cinchon

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13

Woodland, John G., Roger Hunter, Peter J. Smith, and Timothy J. Egan. "Shining new light on ancient drugs: preparation and subcellular localisation of novel fluorescent analogues of Cinchona alkaloids in intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, no. 3 (2017): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob02110g.

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14

Utami, Maulidiyah, Diah Ratnadewi, Dyah Iswantini, and Trivadila Trivadila. "Aktivitas NADP(H) Oksidoreduktase pada Kultur Sel Kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) Terelisitasi." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 4 (2020): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.25.4.540.

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Cinchona ledgeriana Moens is an industrial plant producing secondary metabolite quinoline alkaloids. To maintain and moreover, to increase the quinoline production especially quinine, in vitro culture system through cell culture could be a potential alternative. If the use of elicitor in cell culture can increase the production of a secondary metabolite, the activity of the enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of the secondary metabolite in question might be increasing. This study aimed to examine the activity of NADPH oxidoreductase in the elicitated cell culture of C. ledgeriana and

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15

Handayani, Tien Wahyu, Yulistien Yusuf, and Joni Tandi. "Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 6, no. 3 (2020): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i3.15324.

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This study aims to determine the content and total levels of secondary metabolites of ethanol extract of moringa seed (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Extraction of moringa seed using the maceration method to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate obtained was concentrated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated extract. The extract was tested qualitatively for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using a suitable reagent with the test parameters. The quantitative test was using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Alkaloids using test parameters equivalent total alkaloid quinine, flavonoids use

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16

Cadar, Emin, Aneta Tomescu, Cristina Luiza Erimia, Alef Mustafa, and Rodica Sîrbu. "The Impact of Alkaloids Structures from NaturalCompounds on Public Health." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 5, no. 1 (2015): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p34-39.

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Alkaloids are organic heterocycle substances with nitrogen, of plant origin, with basic character, arising from the secondary metabolism of plants, which give characteristic reactions and exert an effect on animal bodies, most often of a toxic nature. Alkaloids have at least one atom of heterocycle nitrogen, in which case it is often tertiary, less frequently quaternary. The heterocycles can condense among themselves or with other cycles in such a way that alkaloid molecules may become poly- or macro-cycles. Alkaloids are classified on both the criterion of chemical structure, as well as based

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17

Uzor, Philip F. "Alkaloids from Plants with Antimalarial Activity: A Review of Recent Studies." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (February 12, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8749083.

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Malaria is one of the major health problems in developing countries. The disease kills a large number of people every year and also affects financial status of many countries. Resistance of the plasmodium parasite, the causative agent, to the existing drugs, including chloroquine, mefloquine, and artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT), is a serious global issue in malaria treatment and control. This warrants an urgent quest for novel compounds, particularly from natural sources such as medicinal plants. Alkaloids have over the years been recognized as important phytoconstituents with inte

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18

Hasibuan, Yustiny Andaliza, Diah Ratnadewi, and Zainal Alim Mas’ud. "Alkaloids Production and Cell Growth of Cinchona ledgeriana Moens: Effects of Fungal Filtrate and Methyl Jasmonate Elicitors." Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (2021): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v6i1.31479.

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Cinchona alkaloids are known as antimalaria and anti-arrhythmic. Due to the long waiting time to harvest, cell culture technology is a challenge. This study aimed to determine the effects of elicitors, filtrate of two strains of endophytic fungi and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), in cell suspension culture of Cinchona ledgeriana on quinine and quinidine production. The cells were cultured for seven weeks in woody plant (WP) media treated with either of those elicitors in various concentrations. The cells growth was observed and the alkaloids were analyzed by HPLC. Cells treated with MeJA failed to g

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19

Ihara, Masataka, Nobuaki Taniguchi, and Keiichiro Fukumoto. "Synthesis of chiral intermediates of quinine alkaloids and (+)-dihydroantirhine." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 4 (1997): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a606952e.

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20

Guo, Jing, Zi-Hui Lin, Kai-Bin Chen, et al. "Asymmetric amination of 2-substituted indolin-3-ones catalyzed by natural cinchona alkaloids." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 7 (2017): 1400–1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qo00129k.

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21

Igarashi, Junji, and Yuichi Kobayashi. "Improved synthesis of quinine alkaloids with the Teoc protective group." Tetrahedron Letters 46, no. 37 (2005): 6381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.06.171.

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22

IHARA, M., N. TANIGUCHI, and K. FUKUMOTO. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Intermediates of Quinine Alkaloids and (+)- Dihydroantirhine." ChemInform 28, no. 29 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199729215.

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23

Masturah, Markom, Kurnia Harlina Dewi, Nursyairah Jalil, Loh Wei Jia, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah, and Idris Mushrifah. "Phytochemical Screening and Alkaloid Identification of Cabomba furcata." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.971.

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Ekor Kucing (Cabomba furcata) is a dominating water plant, which is rapidly proliferating in Lake Chini, Pahang, Malaysia. If left uncontrolled, the prevalence of this plant would threaten other plants, such as by inhibiting the growth of lotus (Nelumbo niciferaandNympae lotus). It is also suspected as being a cause of pollution in Lake Chini. Steps to eradicate or controlC. furcataplants first require a comprehensive study of its phytochemical content through methods of chemical screening, extraction/fractionation and analysis of individual compounds. Phytochemical screening carried out on th

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Bucher, Christoph, Christof Sparr, W. Bernd Schweizer, and Ryan Gilmour. "Fluorinated Quinine Alkaloids: Synthesis, X-ray Structure Analysis and Antimalarial Parasite Chemotherapy." Chemistry - A European Journal 15, no. 31 (2009): 7637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200900505.

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25

Fukumoto, Keiichiro, Nobuaki Taniguchi, and Masataka Ihara. "Conversion of the Synthetic Precursor for Ipecac and Corynanthe Alkaloids into Synthetic Intermediates of Quinine Alkaloids and (±)-Dihydroantirhine." HETEROCYCLES 33, no. 2 (1992): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-91-s98.

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Tandi, Joni, Bella Melinda, Anita Purwantari, and Agustinus Widodo. "Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Buah Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 6, no. 1 (2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i1.15044.

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This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the levels of total secondary metabolites in ethanol extract of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit extract was prepared by maceration method with 96% ethanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator that followed by a qualitative test for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using suitable reagents with the test parameters, while for the qualitative assay using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis

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Nair, Jerald J., and Johannes van Staden. "Antiplasmodial Lycorane Alkaloid Principles of the Plant Family Amaryllidaceae." Planta Medica 85, no. 08 (2019): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0880-5414.

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AbstractThe spread of malaria is thought to have followed human expansion out of Africa some 60 – 80 thousand years ago. With its prevalence in pantropical countries of the world and epicenter localized in Africa, malaria is now considered an unnecessary burden to overworked and under-resourced healthcare structures. Plants have long afforded a fertile hunting ground for the search and identification of structurally diverse antimalarial agents, such as quinine and artemisinin. This survey examines the antiparasitic properties of the family Amaryllidaceae via the antiplasmodial activities demon

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28

Yang, Guan-Zhou, Jia-Kai Zhu, Xiao-Dan Yin, et al. "Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Evaluation of Novel Quinoline Derivatives Inspired from Natural Quinine Alkaloids." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67, no. 41 (2019): 11340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04224.

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29

Kirk, K., H. Y. Wong, B. C. Elford, C. I. Newbold, and J. C. Ellory. "Enhanced choline and Rb+ transport in human erythrocytes infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum." Biochemical Journal 278, no. 2 (1991): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2780521.

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Human erythrocytes infected in vitro with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum showed a markedly increased rate of choline influx compared with normal cells. Choline transport into uninfected cells (cultured in parallel with infected cells) obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Km approximately 11 microM). In malaria-parasite-infected cells there was an additional choline-transport component which failed to saturate at extracellular concentrations of up to 500 microM. This component was less sensitive than the endogenous transporter to inhibition by the Cinchona bark alkaloids quinine, quini

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30

Eiden, Fritz. "ChemInform Abstract: Quinine and Other Cinchona Alkaloids. Part 2. Spatial Structure of the Quinoline Derivatives." ChemInform 30, no. 20 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199920303.

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Eiden, Fritz. "ChemInform Abstract: Quinine and Other Cinchona Alkaloids. Part 1. From the Isolation to the Structural Elucidation." ChemInform 30, no. 12 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199912323.

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Eiden, Fritz. "ChemInform Abstract: Quinine and Other Cinchona Alkaloids. Part 3. From Total Syntheses of Quinoline Cinchona Alkaloids via Preparation of More Active Antimalarials to the Investigation of the Indole Cinchona Alkaloids." ChemInform 30, no. 21 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199921289.

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Gao, Xinya, Qiang Jiao, Bingqian Zhou, Qimei Liu, and Dangquan Zhang. "Diverse bioactive components from Ginkgo biloba fruit." Thermal Science 24, no. 3 Part A (2020): 1753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190623048g.

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The fruit of Ginkgo biloba is widely concerned because of its high economic and medical value. In this study, efficient extraction methods were used to identify the bioactive components in the fruit of Ginkgo biloba. The bioactive constituents of Ginkgo biloba fruit were identified and the uses of these bioactive components were discussed. There are more than 160 kinds of chemical extracts in Ginkgo biloba fruit. It mainly contains flavonoids, terpenes, phenols, alkaloids, polyisopentene, quinine acid, linoleic acid, monoxalic acid, gingol, gingosterone and other substances. It contains a vari

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Iyekowa, Osaro, and Mary Olire Edema. "Chemosuppressive activities in in vivo studies of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mice using isolated oil of Stigmaphyllon ovatum (Amazon vine) Cav." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 28, no. 1 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auoc-2017-0001.

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AbstractProblem: In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria remains one of the leading health problems. This situation has been aggravated by the increasing spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. The study was conducted to determine the chemosuppressive activities in in vivo studies of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mice with isolated oil of Stigmaphyllon ovatum leaves used in the traditional treatment of malaria in Nigeria. Methodology: The plant leaves were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted in Soxhlet extractor with hexane solvent. The crude extract was concentrated using a rot

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Blom, T. J. M., T. B. van Vliet, J. Schripsema, et al. "Uptake and Accumulation of the Alkaloids Quinine and Cinchonamine in Cultured Cells of Cinchona robusta and Catharanthus roseus." Journal of Plant Physiology 138, no. 4 (1991): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80519-5.

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Hubel, Roland, Kurt Polborn, and Wolfgang Beck. "Cinchona Alkaloids as Versatile Ambivalent Ligands – Coordination of Transition Metals to the Four Potential Donor Sites of Quinine." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 1999, no. 3 (1999): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199903)1999:3<471::aid-ejic471>3.0.co;2-h.

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Nawaz, Sarfraz A., Muhammad Ayaz, Wolfgang Brandt, Ludger A. Wessjohann та Bernhard Westermann. "Cation–π and π–π stacking interactions allow selective inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase by modified quinine and cinchonidine alkaloids". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 404, № 4 (2011): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.084.

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Swamy, C. T. "An Overview of COVID-19 and the Potential Plant Harboured Secondary Metabolites against SARS-CoV-2: A Review." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 3 (2021): 1059–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.3.52.

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19, a pandemic disease, and it is called the novel coronavirus. It belongs to the Coronaviridae family and has been plagued the world since the end of 2019. Viral infection to the lungs causes fluid filling and breathing difficulties, which leads to pneumonia. Pneumonia progresses to ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), in which fluid fills the air sac and seeps from the pulmonary veins. In the current scenario, several vaccines have been used to control the pandemic worldwide. Even though vaccines are available and their effectiveness is short, it may

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E. Denmark, Scott. "Deconstructing Quinine. Part 1. Toward an Understanding of the Remarkable Performance of Cinchona Alkaloids in Asymmetric Phase Transfer Catalysis." HETEROCYCLES 82, no. 2 (2010): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-10-s(e)108.

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Sowunmi, A., L. A. Salako, O. J. Laoye, and A. F. Aderounmu. "Combination of quinine, quinidine and cinchonine for the treatment of acute falciparum malaria: correlation with the susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to the cinchona alkaloids in vitro." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84, no. 5 (1990): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(90)90127-z.

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Hisaki, Ichiro, Eri Hiraishi, Toshiyuki Sasaki, et al. "Crystal Structure of Quinine: The Effects of Vinyl and Methoxy Groups on Molecular Assemblies of Cinchona Alkaloids Cannot Be Ignored." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 7, no. 11 (2012): 2607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201200566.

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CHAPMAN, R. F., A. ASCOLI-CHRISTENSEN, and P. R. WHITE. "Sensory Coding For Feeding Deterrence in the Grasshopper Schistocerca Americana." Journal of Experimental Biology 158, no. 1 (1991): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.158.1.241.

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The electrophysiological responses of sensilla on the tibia of Schistocerca americana (Drury) to six compounds were examined. All the compounds were shown to cause feeding deterrence at high concentrations. Nicotine hydrogen tartrate, quinine, hordenine (all alkaloids) and salicin (a phenolic glycoside) all stimulated one cell in each sensillum. This was shown by differential adaptation experiments to be the same cell. In some sensilla this cell also responded to linamarin (a cyanogenic glycoside). Earlier work had shown that the activity of this cell was correlated with feeding deterrence. Ho

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Menezes Filho, Antonio Carlos Pereira de, and Carlos Frederico de Souza Castro. "Análise Fitoquímica dos Extratos Etanólicos de Euphorbia splendens (Borjer ex. Hooke) e Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit." Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde 23, no. 2 (2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2019v23n2p98-103.

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Há séculos plantas são utilizadas como meio para tratar doenças que afligem os humanos e animais, no entanto, ainda pouco se conhece sobre os efeitos fitoterapêuticos de plantas utilizadas no paisagismo e como invasoras de áreas de pastagens. Este estudo objetivou avaliar, por meio de análises fitoquímicas preliminares, os principais grupos químicos que compõem os extratos etanólicos de Euphorbia splendens, planta ornamental utilizada em vias públicas e Hyptis suaveolens, conhecida por mata-pasto, amplamente encontrada em pastagens do Cerrado. Foram preparados extratos etanólicos das raízes, d

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Pussard, Eric, Celine Straczek, Idrissa Kaboré, et al. "Dose-Dependent Resorption of Quinine after Intrarectal Administration to Children with Moderate Plasmodium falciparum Malaria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 11 (2004): 4422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.11.4422-4426.2004.

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ABSTRACT The pharmacokinetics of increasing doses of an intrarectal Cinchona alkaloid combination containing 96.1% quinine, 2.5% quinidine, 0.68% cinchonine, and 0.67% cinchonidine (Quinimax) was compared to that of parenteral regimens in 60 children with moderate malaria. Quinine exhibited a nonlinear pharmacokinetics, suggesting a saturation of rectal resorption. When early rejections appeared, blood quinine concentrations decreased by 30 to 50% and were restored by an immediate half-dose administration of the drug. Rectal administration of doses of 16 or 20 mg/kg of body weight led to conce

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Ihara, Masataka, Kazuharu Noguchi, Keiichiro Fukumoto, and Tetsuji Kametani. "Conversion of indoles into quinolines through the n-1-c-2 fission by singlet-oxygen as a model experiment of biomimetic synthesis of quinine alkaloids." Tetrahedron 41, no. 11 (1985): 2109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96581-0.

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McCoy, Kevin, Sateesh Gudapati, Lawrence He, et al. "Biomedical Text Link Prediction for Drug Discovery: A Case Study with COVID-19." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6 (2021): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060794.

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Link prediction in artificial intelligence is used to identify missing links or derive future relationships that can occur in complex networks. A link prediction model was developed using the complex heterogeneous biomedical knowledge graph, SemNet, to predict missing links in biomedical literature for drug discovery. A web application visualized knowledge graph embeddings and link prediction results using TransE, CompleX, and RotatE based methods. The link prediction model achieved up to 0.44 hits@10 on the entity prediction tasks. The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coro

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Adiukwu, Paul Chukwuemeka, and MO Tebogo. "Chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis of bioactive principles from Vernonia amygdalina leaf aqueous extract." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 103 (2021): 18501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.103.19720.

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Application of medicinal plants in managing disease conditions is a practice as old as mankind. Its use in today’s healthcare has increased astronomically when compared to any other era. National policies, which integrate herbal products in healthcare systems, and the increasing presence of herbal clinics have become the order in many countries. Despite the ease of accessibility and affordability, the use of products from medicinal plants as phyto-medicines is threatened by the inability to maximize the benefits. This is due to inadequate qualitative and quantitative data necessary for proper

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Knölker, Hans-Joachim, Arnold Braier, Dirk J. Bröcher, et al. "Recent applications of tricarbonyliron-diene complexes to organic synthesis." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 7 (2001): 1075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173071075.

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The present review describes some of our recent applications of tricarbonyliron-diene chemistry to organic synthesis. It focuses on the selective synthesis of tricarbonyliron-diene complexes including the asymmetric catalytic complexation of prochiral cyclohexa-1,3-dienes, the enantioselective synthesis of carbazole-3,4-quinone alkaloids, and the iron-mediated synthesis of corannulene and yohimbane alkaloids.

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Iribarren, Iñigo, and Cristina Trujillo. "Improving phase-transfer catalysis by enhancing non-covalent interactions." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 37 (2020): 21015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp02012e.

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A theoretical study of the interactions established between an alkaloid quinine-derived PTC and different anions of interest was performed. Ion pairing competes with an intermolecular hydrogen bond between the PT counteranion and potential HB donors.

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S.*, Abdul Nasar, and Narasegowda P. N. "Physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluation of Aloe acutissima leaves." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 06 (2016): 4633. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.06.0010.

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Aloe acutissima is a fast growing shrub belonging to the family Xanthorrhoeaceae. This plant is a point of concern as it has profound importance in the field of pharmacology. The secondary metabolites obtained from this plant viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, quinines, glycosides, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, proteins, oils and free fatty acids serves as a medicinal tool to mankind. The study comprises of physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluation of leaves of Aloe acutissima by using standard methods. Physico-chemical parameters such as percentage of loss on drying (LOD), a

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