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Journal articles on the topic 'Quinolone'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Shoji, Taku, Mutsumi Takeuchi, Mayumi Uda, et al. "Synthesis of Azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones and Quinolines via Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Cyclization of 2-Arylaminoazulenes." Molecules 28, no. 15 (2023): 5785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155785.

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Quinolone and quinoline derivatives are frequently found as substructures in pharmaceutically active compounds. In this paper, we describe a procedure for the synthesis of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones and quinolines from 2-arylaminoazulene derivatives, which are readily prepared via the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of a 2-chloroazulene derivative with several arylamines. The synthesis of azuleno[2,1-b]quinolones was established by the Brønsted acid-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 2-arylaminoazulene derivatives bearing two ester groups at the five-membered ring. The halogenat

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2

Ehrhardt, A. F., and C. C. Sanders. "Structure-activity studies of quinolone-penems in genetically defined strains of Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 11 (1997): 2570–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.11.2570.

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Quinolonyl-beta-lactam antimicrobial agents (QLAs) contain quinolones chemically linked to beta-lactams, although the impact of linkage is poorly understood. Genetically defined Escherichia coli strains were used to determine structure-activity characteristics of three quinolone-penem QLAs. Results suggest that the leaving group resulting from beta-lactam hydrolysis may not be free quinolone.

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3

Kumagai, Y., J. I. Kato, K. Hoshino, T. Akasaka, K. Sato, and H. Ikeda. "Quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase IV parC gene." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 3 (1996): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.3.710.

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Escherichia coli quinolone-resistant strains with mutations of the parC gene, which codes for a subunit of topoisomerase IV, were isolated from a quinolone-resistant gyrA mutant of DNA gyrase. Quinolone-resistant parC mutants were also identified among the quinolone-resistant clinical strains. The parC mutants became susceptible to quinolones by introduction of a parC+ plasmid. Introduction of the multicopy plasmids carrying the quinolone-resistant parC mutant gene resulted in an increase in MICs of quinolones for the parC+ and quinolone-resistant gyrA strain. Nucleotide sequences of the quino

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4

Noble, Christian G., Faye M. Barnard, and Anthony Maxwell. "Quinolone-DNA Interaction: Sequence-Dependent Binding to Single-Stranded DNA Reflects the Interaction within the Gyrase-DNA Complex." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 3 (2003): 854–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.3.854-862.2003.

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ABSTRACT We have investigated the interaction of quinolones with DNA by a number of methods to establish whether a particular binding mode correlates with quinolone potency. The specificities of the quinolone-mediated DNA cleavage reaction of DNA gyrase were compared for a number of quinolones. Two patterns that depended on the potency of the quinolone were identified. Binding to plasmid DNA was examined by measuring the unwinding of pBR322 by quinolones; no correlation with quinolone potency was observed. Quinolone binding to short DNA oligonucleotides was measured by surface plasmon resonanc

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5

López, Y., M. Tato, P. Espinal, et al. "In VitroActivity of Ozenoxacin against Quinolone-Susceptible and Quinolone-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 12 (2013): 6389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01509-13.

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ABSTRACTIn vitroactivity of ozenoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated topical (L. D. Saravolatz and J. Leggett, Clin. Infect. Dis.37:1210–1215, 2003) quinolone, was compared with the activities of other quinolones against well-characterized quinolone-susceptible and quinolone-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Ozenoxacin was 3-fold to 321-fold more active than other quinolones. Ozenoxacin could represent a first-in-class nonfluorinated quinolone for the topical treatment of a broad range of dermatological infections.

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6

Adriaenssens, Niels, Robin Bruyndonckx, Ann Versporten, et al. "Consumption of quinolones in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 76, Supplement_2 (2021): ii37—ii44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab176.

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Abstract Objectives Data on quinolone consumption in the community were collected from 30 EU/European Economic Area (EEA) countries over two decades. This article reviews temporal trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and changes in the composition of main subgroups of quinolones. Methods For the period 1997–2017, data on consumption of quinolones, i.e. ATC group J01M, in the community and aggregated at the level of the active substance, were collected using the WHO ATC/DDD methodology (ATC/DDD index 2019). Consumption was expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day and in pa

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Horta, Pedro, Marta S. C. Henriques, Elisa M. Brás, et al. "On the ordeal of quinolone preparation via cyclisation of aryl-enamines; synthesis and structure of ethyl 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-(3-iodo-4-methylphenoxy)-quinoline-3-carboxylate." Pure and Applied Chemistry 89, no. 6 (2017): 765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-1119.

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AbstractRecent studies directed to the design of compounds targeting the bc1 protein complex of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for most lethal cases of malaria, identified quinolones (4-oxo-quinolines) with low nanomolar inhibitory activity against both the enzyme and infected erythrocytes. The 4-oxo-quinoline 3-ester chemotype emerged as a possible source of potent bc1 inhibitors, prompting us to expand the library of available analogs for SAR studies and subsequent lead optimization. We now report the synthesis and structural characterization of unexpected ethyl 6-methyl-7-i

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8

Law, Dennis KS, Michelle Shuel, Sadjia Bekal, Elizabeth Bryce, and Raymond SW Tsang. "Genetic Detection of Quinolone Resistance inHaemophilus parainfluenzae: Mutations in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions ofgyrA andparC." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 21, no. 1 (2010): e20-e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/525919.

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The quinolone resistance-determining regions ofgyrA andparC of both quinolone-sensitive and quinolone-resistantHaemophilus parainfluenzaestrains were amplified and sequenced. Similar toHaemophilus influenzae, resistance to quinolones inH parainfluenzaeis associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of bothgyrA andparC. The present study discusses the importance of this finding.

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9

McGee, Edoabasi U., Essie Samuel, Bernadett Boronea, Nakoasha Dillard, Madison N. Milby, and Susan J. Lewis. "Quinolone Allergy." Pharmacy 7, no. 3 (2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7030097.

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Quinolones are the second most common antibiotic class associated with drug-induced allergic reactions, but data on quinolone allergy are scarce. This review article discusses the available evidence on quinolone allergy, including prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, cross-reactivity, and management of allergic reactions. Although the incidence of quinolone allergy is still lower than beta-lactams, it has been increasingly reported in recent decades, most likely from its expanded use and the introduction of moxifloxacin. Thorough patient history remains essential in th

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10

Wang, Xiaoli, Tao Guo, Yunbo Wei, et al. "Determination of Quinolone Antibiotic Residues in Human Serum and Urine Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 43, no. 7 (2019): 579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz034.

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Abstract Quinolone antibiotic residues may pose potential threat to human health. A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the determination of quinolone residues in human serum and urine. After solid phase extraction (SPE) process, eight quinolone residues were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using ciprofloxacin-d8 as the internal standard. The relative standard deviation of intra-day and inter-day precision for the eight quinolones were less than 7.52% and the accuracies ranged from 95.8% to 103% in human serum, and from 94.1% to

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Gottesman, Bat-Sheva, Marcelo Low, Ronit Almog, and Michal Chowers. "Quinolone Consumption by Mothers Increases Their Children’s Risk of Acquiring Quinolone-Resistant Bacteriuria." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 3 (2019): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz858.

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Abstract Background Quinolone resistance has been documented in the pediatric population, although their use is limited in children. This study investigated the effect of maternal quinolone use on gram-negative bacterial resistance to quinolones in their offspring. Methods We conducted a population-based, unmatched case-control study during 2010–2017. Cases were all children aged 0.5–17 years with community acquired, gram-negative quinolone-resistant bacteriuria. Controls were similar children with quinolone-sensitive bacteriuria. Only the first positive urine cultures for each child were incl

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Azargun, Robab, Pourya Gholizadeh, Vahid Sadeghi, et al. "Molecular mechanisms associated with quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: review and update." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 114, no. 10 (2020): 770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa041.

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Abstract Background Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are used for the treatment of different infectious diseases associated with Enterobacteriaceae. During recent decades, the wide use as well as overuse of quinolones against diverse infections has led to the emergence of quinolone-resistant bacterial strains. Herein, we present the development of quinolone antibiotics, their function and also the different quinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae by reviewing recent literature. Methods All data were extracted from Google Scholar search engine and PubMed site, usin

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Spencer, Angela C., and Siva S. Panda. "DNA Gyrase as a Target for Quinolones." Biomedicines 11, no. 2 (2023): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020371.

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Bacterial DNA gyrase is a type II topoisomerase that can introduce negative supercoils to DNA substrates and is a clinically-relevant target for the development of new antibacterials. DNA gyrase is one of the primary targets of quinolones, broad-spectrum antibacterial agents and are used as a first-line drug for various types of infections. However, currently used quinolones are becoming less effective due to drug resistance. Common resistance comes in the form of mutation in enzyme targets, with this type being the most clinically relevant. Additional mechanisms, conducive to quinolone resist

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Saleh, Fatma O. I., Hazem A. Ahmed, Rasha M. M. Khairy, and Sayed F. Abdelwahab. "Increased quinolone resistance among typhoid Salmonella isolated from Egyptian patients." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 05 (2014): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.4111.

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Introduction: Typhoid fever is endemic in Egypt; and quinolones are the empirical treatment of choice. There are very limited data reporting quinolone resistance among Egyptian typhoidal Salmonella isolates. We previously reported that all typhoidal Salmonella were sensitive to quinolones. This study aimed to isolate and identify typhoidal Salmonella from cases suffering from enteric fever at Minia Governorate, Egypt, determine their quinolone resistance patterns, compare them to those reported 20 years ago, and test gyrA mutation as a possible mechanism for quinolone resistance. Methodology:

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15

Wickman, Paul A., Jennifer A. Black, Ellen Smith Moland, and Kenneth S. Thomson. "In Vitro Activities of DX-619 and Comparison Quinolones against Gram-Positive Cocci." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 6 (2006): 2255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00011-06.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of the novel quinolone DX-619 was compared to those of currently available quinolones against U.S. clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. DX-619 was the most potent quinolone overall, indicating possible utility as an anti-gram-positive quinolone.

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Xia, Yi, Zheng-Yu Yang, Susan L. Morris-Natschke, and Kuo-Hsiung Lee. "Recent Advances in the Discovery and Development of Quinolones and Analogs as Antitumor Agents'." Current Medicinal Chemistry 6, no. 3 (1999): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867306666220208204749.

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Abstract: Compounds that interact with DNA or microtubules by multiple mechanisms and cause diverse cytotoxic lesions are potential targets for anticancer drug development. Accordingly, a relatively new approach to the rational design of antitumor agents is based on the quinolone class of antibacterials. Their mechanism of antibacterial action involves inhibition of DNA gyrase, and numerous new quinolones do exhibit antitumor activity. Thus, these new quinolone structures display a novel mode of action for the quinolone class as antitumor agents. The potential for quinolones to be used as topo

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Engels, E. A., J. Lau, and M. Barza. "Efficacy of quinolone prophylaxis in neutropenic cancer patients: a meta-analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, no. 3 (1998): 1179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.3.1179.

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PURPOSE To perform a meta-analysis to estimate the efficacy of quinolone antibiotics in preventing infections, fevers, and deaths among cancer patients neutropenic following chemotherapy. METHODS We searched MEDLINE to identify randomized trials of quinolone prophylaxis, controlled either with no prophylaxis or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMS) prophylaxis. We pooled relative risks for outcomes using a random-effects model. RESULTS Eighteen trials with 1,408 subjects were included. Compared with no prophylaxis, quinolones significantly reduced the incidence of gram-negative bacterial infecti

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Corrêa, Gabriela A., Susana L. H. Rebelo, and Baltazar de Castro. "Green Aromatic Epoxidation with an Iron Porphyrin Catalyst for One-Pot Functionalization of Renewable Xylene, Quinoline, and Acridine." Molecules 28, no. 9 (2023): 3940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093940.

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Sustainable functionalization of renewable aromatics is a key step to supply our present needs for specialty chemicals and pursuing the transition to a circular, fossil-free economy. In the present work, three typically stable aromatic compounds, representative of products abundantly obtainable from biomass or recycling processes, were functionalized in one-pot oxidation reactions at room temperature, using H2O2 as a green oxidant and ethanol as a green solvent in the presence of a highly electron withdrawing iron porphyrin catalyst. The results show unusual initial epoxidation of the aromatic

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Oh, Herin, Nagwa El Amin, Todd Davies, Peter C. Appelbaum, and Charlotta Edlund. "gyrA Mutations Associated with Quinolone Resistance in Bacteroides fragilis Group Strains." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 7 (2001): 1977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.7.1977-1981.2001.

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ABSTRACT Mutations in the gyrA gene contribute considerably to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Mechanisms for quinolone resistance in anaerobic bacteria are less well studied. TheBacteroides fragilis group are the anaerobic organisms most frequently isolated from patients with bacteremia and intraabdominal infections. Forty-four clinafloxacin-resistant and-susceptible fecal and clinical isolates of the B. fragilis group (eightBacteroides fragilis, three Bacteroides ovatus, five Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, six Bacteroides uniformis, and 22 Bacteroides vulgatus) and six ATCC strains

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Del Fiol, Fernando S., Jéssica Cristina B. Noguerol Andrade, Bianca G. Belini, Silvio Barberato-Filho, and Cristiane Bergamaschi Motta. "Increase in quinolones prescriptions for children (0–10 years old) in Brazil." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 19, no. 03 (2025): 418–23. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.20177.

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Introduction: Quinolones are frequently associated with adverse effects such as tendinopathies and joint damage. However, the safety of quinolone use in pediatric patients remains inadequately established, with limited recommended applications. This study aimed to investigate the escalating consumption of quinolones among Brazilian children aged 0–10 years. Methodology: An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to examine fluctuations in quinolone consumption within the pediatric population. Data were sourced from the Brazilian National Controlled Products Management System (SNGPC). An

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Miranda, Claudio D., Christopher Concha, Félix A. Godoy, and Matthew R. Lee. "Aquatic Environments as Hotspots of Transferable Low-Level Quinolone Resistance and Their Potential Contribution to High-Level Quinolone Resistance." Antibiotics 11, no. 11 (2022): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111487.

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The disposal of antibiotics in the aquatic environment favors the selection of bacteria exhibiting antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Quinolones are bactericidal antimicrobials extensively used in both human and animal medicine. Some of the quinolone-resistance mechanisms are encoded by different bacterial genes, whereas others are the result of mutations in the enzymes on which those antibiotics act. The worldwide occurrence of quinolone resistance genes in aquatic environments has been widely reported, particularly in areas impacted by urban discharges. The most commonly reported quinolone re

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Yamaguchi, Yuko, Masaya Takei, Ryuta Kishii, Mitsuru Yasuda, and Takashi Deguchi. "Contribution of Topoisomerase IV Mutation to Quinolone Resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 4 (2013): 1772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01956-12.

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ABSTRACTThe mechanism of quinolone resistance inMycoplasma genitaliumremains poorly understood due to difficulties within vitroculture, especially of clinical isolates. In this study, to confirm the association between mutations in topoisomerases and antimicrobial susceptibilities to quinolones, ciprofloxacin-resistant mutant strains were selected using the cultivable type strain ATCC 33530. Sequence analysis revealed that the mutant strains harbored mutations in topoisomerase IV: Gly81Cys in ParC, Pro261Thr in ParC, or Asn466Lys in ParE. The MICs of all quinolones tested against the mutant st

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TANRIVERDİ ÇAYCI, Yeliz, İlknur BIYIK, Kemal BİLGİN, Demet GÜR VURAL, and Asuman BİRİNCİ. "Investigation of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 39, no. 2 (2022): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.39.2.23.

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Fluoroquinolones, are effective agents both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Quinolones show bactericidal effect as a result of inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes. Main quinolo resistance mechanisms are chromosomal mutations in these enzymes and decreased intracellular accumulation due to efflux pumps or decreased membrane uptake. Recently a new quinolone resistance mechanism mediated by plasmids has been defined. These plasmids carry genes called as qnr. Qnr genes do not cause quinolone resistance but they cause decreased quinolone susceptibility and lead t

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Heddle, Jonathan, and Anthony Maxwell. "Quinolone-Binding Pocket of DNA Gyrase: Role of GyrB." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 6 (2002): 1805–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.6.1805-1815.2002.

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ABSTRACT DNA gyrase is a prokaryotic type II topoisomerase and a major target of quinolone antibacterials. The majority of mutations conferring resistance to quinolones arise within the quinolone resistance-determining region of GyrA close to the active site (Tyr122) where DNA is bound and cleaved. However, some quinolone resistance mutations are known to exist in GyrB. Present structural data suggest that these residues lie a considerable distance from the quinolone resistance-determining region, and it is not obvious how they affect quinolone action. We have made and purified two such mutant

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Kim, Hyun, Chie Nakajima, Kazumasa Yokoyama, et al. "Impact of the E540V Amino Acid Substitution in GyrB ofMycobacterium tuberculosison Quinolone Resistance." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 8 (2011): 3661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00042-11.

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ABSTRACTAmino acid substitutions conferring resistance to quinolones inMycobacterium tuberculosishave generally been found within the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) in the A subunit of DNA gyrase (GyrA) rather than the B subunit of DNA gyrase (GyrB). To clarify the contribution of an amino acid substitution, E540V, in GyrB to quinolone resistance inM. tuberculosis, we expressed recombinant DNA gyrases inEscherichia coliand characterized themin vitro. Wild-type and GyrB-E540V DNA gyrases were reconstitutedin vitroby mixing recombinant GyrA and GyrB. Correlation between the ami

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Belotindos, Lawrence, Marvin Villanueva, Joel Miguel, et al. "Prevalence and Characterization of Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolated from Food-Producing Animals and Animal-Derived Food in the Philippines." Antibiotics 10, no. 4 (2021): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10040413.

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Antimicrobial resistance to quinolones, which constitutes a threat to public health, has been increasing worldwide. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of quinolone-resistant determinants in Escherichia coli not susceptible to quinolones and isolated from food-producing animals and food derived from them, in the Philippines. A total of 791 E. coli strains were isolated in 56.4% of 601 beef, chicken, pork, egg, and milk samples, as well as environmental, cloacal, and rectal swab-collected samples from supermarkets, open markets, abattoirs, and poultry, swine, and buffalo farms. Using

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Kumar, Anil, Nishtha Saxena, Arti Mehrotra, and Nivedita Srivastava. "Review: Studies on the Synthesis of Quinolone Derivatives with Their Antibacterial Activity (Part 1)." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 8 (2020): 817–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824999200427082108.

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Quinolone derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their medicinal properties. This review covers many synthetic routes of quinolones preparation with their antibacterial properties. Detailed study with structure-activity relationship among quinolone derivatives will be helpful in designing new drugs in this field.

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Kosowska-Shick, Klaudia, Kim Credito, Glenn A. Pankuch, et al. "Antipneumococcal Activity of DW-224a, a New Quinolone, Compared to Those of Eight Other Agents." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 6 (2006): 2064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00153-06.

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ABSTRACT DW-224a is a new broad-spectrum quinolone with excellent antipneumococcal activity. Agar dilution MIC was used to test the activity of DW-224a compared to those of penicillin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime, and azithromycin against 353 quinolone-susceptible pneumococci. The MICs of 29 quinolone-resistant pneumococci with defined quinolone resistance mechanisms against seven quinolones and an efflux mechanism were also tested. DW-224a was the most potent quinolone against quinolone-susceptible pneumococci (MIC

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Wickman, Paul A., Ellen Smith Moland, Jennifer A. Black, and Kenneth S. Thomson. "In Vitro Activity of DX-619, a Novel Des-Fluoro(6) Quinolone, against a Panel of Streptococcus pneumoniae Mutants with Characterized Resistance Mechanisms." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 2 (2006): 796–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.50.2.796-798.2006.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of DX-619 and four other quinolones were compared against Streptococcus pneumoniae mutants that contained a variety of alterations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions. DX-619 was the most potent quinolone and was least affected by the mutations.

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Yamagishi, J., T. Kojima, Y. Oyamada, et al. "Alterations in the DNA topoisomerase IV grlA gene responsible for quinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 5 (1996): 1157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.5.1157.

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A 4.2-kb DNA fragment conferring quinolone resistance was cloned from a quinolone-resistant clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and was shown to possess a part of the grlB gene and a mutated grlA gene. S-80-->F and E-84-->K mutations in the grlA gene product were responsible for the quinolone resistance. The mutated grlA genes responsible for quinolone resistance were dominant over the wild-type allele, irrespective of gene dosage in a transformation experiment with the grlA gene alone. However, dominance by mutated grlA genes depended on gene dosage when bacteria were transformed

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Yagci, D., F. Yoruk, A. Azap, and O. Memikoglu. "Prevalence and Risk Factors for Selection of Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains in Fecal Flora of Patients Receiving Quinolone Therapy." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 3 (2008): 1287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01228-08.

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ABSTRACT Patients taking quinolones as inpatients (n = 55) or outpatients (n = 40) and newly hospitalized patients who were not on quinolone therapy (n = 41) were assessed for fecal carriage of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) strains before and after therapy/hospitalization. Fluoroquinolone use in the previous 6 months was found to be a risk factor for QREC carriage before therapy/hospitalization. The prevalence of QREC strains in fecal flora increased steadily with the duration of quinolone therapy.

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Mollova-Sapundzhieva, Yordanka, Plamen Angelov, Danail Georgiev та Pavel Yanev. "Synthetic approach to 2-alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides based on common β-keto amide precursors". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 19 (23 листопада 2023): 1804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.19.132.

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β-Keto amides were used as convenient precursors to both 2-alkyl-4-quinolones and 2-alkyl-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides. The utility of this approach is demonstrated with the synthesis of fourteen novel and four known quinolone derivatives, including natural products of microbial origin such as HHQ and its C5-congener. Two compounds with high activity against S. aureus have been identified among the newly obtained quinolones, with MICs ≤ 3.12 and ≤ 6.25 µg/mL, respectively.

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Hong, Yuzhi, Qiming Li, Qiong Gao, et al. "Reactive oxygen species play a dominant role in all pathways of rapid quinolone-mediated killing." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 75, no. 3 (2019): 576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz485.

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Abstract Background Quinolones have been thought to rapidly kill bacteria in two ways: (i) quinolone-topoisomerase-DNA lesions stimulate the accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS); and (ii) the lesions directly cause lethal DNA breaks. Traditional killing assays may have underestimated the ROS contribution by overlooking the possibility that ROS continue to accumulate and kill cells on drug-free agar after quinolone removal. Methods Quinolone-induced, ROS-mediated killing of Escherichia coli was measured by plating post-treatment samples on agar with/without anti-ROS agents. Resul

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Turel, Iztok, Andrej Šonc, Marija Zupančič, Kristina Sepčić, and Tom Turk. "Biological Activity of Some Magnesium(II) Complexes of Quinolones." Metal-Based Drugs 7, no. 2 (2000): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mbd.2000.101.

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A new magnesium complex of quinolone antibacterial agent was prepared. This new complex as well as a previously isolated complex of magnesium with ciprofloxacin were tested against various Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated using the agar diffusion test. The results have shown that all magnesium complexes are significantly less active than the parent quinolone drugs. It was also found that the activity of quinolones is reduced when the solutions of quinolones are titrated with magnesium ions.

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Kenyon, Chris. "Positive Association between the Use of Quinolones in Food Animals and the Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa: A Global Ecological Analysis." Antibiotics 10, no. 10 (2021): 1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101193.

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(1) Background: It is unclear what underpins the large global variations in the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. We tested the hypothesis that different intensities in the use of quinolones for food-animals play a role. (2) Methods: We used Spearman’s correlation to assess if the country-level prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in human infections with Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was correlated with the use of quinolones for food producing animals. Linear regression was used to assess the r

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Barnard, Faye M., and Anthony Maxwell. "Interaction between DNA Gyrase and Quinolones: Effects of Alanine Mutations at GyrA Subunit Residues Ser83and Asp87." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 7 (2001): 1994–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.7.1994-2000.2001.

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ABSTRACT DNA gyrase is a target of quinolone antibacterial agents, but the molecular details of the quinolone-gyrase interaction are not clear. Quinolone resistance mutations frequently occur at residues Ser83 and Asp87 of the gyrase A subunit, suggesting that these residues are involved in drug binding. Single and double alanine substitutions were created at these positions (Ala83, Ala87, and Ala83Ala87), and the mutant proteins were assessed for DNA supercoiling, DNA cleavage, and resistance to a number of quinolone drugs. The Ala83 mutant was fully active in supercoiling, whereas the Ala87

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Rømer Villumsen, Kasper, Toloe Allahghadry, Magdalena Karwańska, Joachim Frey, and Anders Miki Bojesen. "Quinolone Resistance in Gallibacterium anatis Determined by Mutations in Quinolone Resistance-Determining Region." Antibiotics 12, no. 5 (2023): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050903.

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Control of the important pathogen, Gallibacterium anatis, which causes salpingitis and peritonitis in poultry, relies on treatment using antimicrobial compounds. Among these, quinolones and fluoroquinolones have been used extensively, leading to a rise in the prevalence of resistant strains. The molecular mechanisms leading to quinolone resistance, however, have not previously been described for G. anatis, which is the aim of this study. The present study combines phenotypic antimicrobial resistance data with genomic sequence data from a collection of G. anatis strains isolated from avian host

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Yamada, H., S. Kurose-Hamada, Y. Fukuda, et al. "Quinolone susceptibility of norA-disrupted Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 10 (1997): 2308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.10.2308.

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The MIC of norfloxacin for the norA-disrupted mutant termed RDN1, obtained from quinolone-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus RN4220, was eightfold lower than that for RN4220. The increase in susceptibility was related to an increase of drug accumulation by RDN1. These results indicate that NorA plays an important role in the susceptibility of quinolone-susceptible S. aureus to selected quinolones.

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Boyd, Derek R., Narain D. Sharma, Ludmila V. Modyanova, et al. "Dioxygenase-catalyzed cis-dihydroxylation of pyridine-ring systems." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, no. 6 (2002): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-062.

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Toluene dioxygenase-catalyzed dihydroxylation, in the carbocyclic rings of quinoline, 2-chloroquinoline, 2-methoxyquinoline, and 3-bromoquinoline, was found to yield the corresponding enantiopure cis-5,6- and -7,8-dihy dro diol metabolites using whole cells of Pseudomonas putida UV4. cis-Dihydroxylation at the 3,4-bond of 2-chloroquino line, 2-methoxyquinoline, and 2-quinolone was also found to yield the heterocyclic cis-dihydrodiol metabolite, (+)-cis-(3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2-quinolone. Heterocyclic cis-dihydrodiol metabolites, resulting from dihydroxylation at the 5,6- and 3,4-bon

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Ata, Zafer, Artun Yibar, Erdem Arslan, Kaan Mustak, and Elcin Gunaydin. "Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella serotypes isolated from chicken carcasses in Turkey." Acta Veterinaria Brno 83, no. 4 (2014): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201483040281.

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Quinolones have been extensively used for treatment of a variety of invasive and systemic infections of salmonellosis. Widespread use of these agents has been associated with the emergence and dissemination of quinolone-resistant pathogens. The quinolone resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and aac(6’)-Ib-cr) of 85 Salmonella isolates from chicken carcasses were investigated in this study. Isolates were serotyped according to the Kauffman-White-Le Minor scheme, and broth microdilution method was used to determine quinolone resistance. Plasmid-medi

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Md., Montasir Mamun, Hassan Jayedul, H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir K., et al. "Prevalence and Molecular Detection of Quinolone-Resistant E. coli in Rectal Swab of Apparently Healthy Cattle in Bangladesh." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 24, no. 2 (2017): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2017/34404.

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Emergence of antibiotic resistance is a serious health problem both in human and animal all over the world. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of quinolone-resistant <em>E. coli </em>isolated from apparently healthy cattle in Mymensingh district, Bangladesh. A total of 137 rectal swabs was screened among which 95 was found positive for <em>E. coli. </em>Confirmation of isolation of<em> E. coli</em> was done by PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene of <em>E. coli </em>(prevalence 69.3%). Resistance against quinolone is primarily due to activities of <em>qnrS</em> and <em>qnrA</em> gene product

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Leski, Tomasz A., Michael G. Stockelman, Umaru Bangura, et al. "Prevalence of Quinolone Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from Sierra Leone and the Detection ofqnrBPseudogenes and Modified LexA Binding Sites." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 11 (2016): 6920–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01576-16.

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ABSTRACTA collection of 74Enterobacteriaceaeisolates found in Bo, Sierra Leone, were tested for quinolone antibiotic susceptibility and resistance mechanisms. The majority of isolates (62%) were resistant to quinolones, and 61% harbored chromosomalgyrAand/orparCmutations. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were ubiquitous, withqnrBandaac(6′)-Ib-crbeing the most prevalent. Mutated LexA binding sites were found in allqnrB1genes, and truncatedqnrBpseudogenes were found in the majority ofCitrobacterisolates.

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Strahilevitz, Jacob, George A. Jacoby, David C. Hooper, and Ari Robicsek. "Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance: a Multifaceted Threat." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 22, no. 4 (2009): 664–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00016-09.

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SUMMARY Although plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was thought not to exist before its discovery in 1998, the past decade has seen an explosion of research characterizing this phenomenon. The best-described form of PMQR is determined by the qnr group of genes. These genes, likely originating in aquatic organisms, code for pentapeptide repeat proteins. These proteins reduce susceptibility to quinolones by protecting the complex of DNA and DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV enzymes from the inhibitory effect of quinolones. Two additional PMQR mechanisms were recently described. aac(6′)-Ib

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S. El-Kazzaz, Samah, and Noha M. Mahmoud. "Virulence Factors Associated with Quinolone Resistance in Proteus Species Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection." EJMM-Volume 30-Issue 1 30, no. 1 (2021): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51429/ejmm30115.

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Background: Proteus is an important causative organism of urinary system infections. The invasive nature of Proteus is supported by expression of multiple virulence factors; the infection outcome gets worse when those virulent isolates acquire antibiotic resistant determinants. Objectives: The present study was aiming at isolation of Proteus from urine of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) and to assess the relation between virulence factors expression and presence of quinolones resistance genes in those isolates. Methodology: Quinolone resistant Proteus isolates were chosen for det

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Leili, Shokoohizadeh Mehrangiz Saniee Mohsen Mirzaee Mohammad Taheri *. "Mutations in gyrA and parC Genes in Quinolone-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Borujerd Hospitals." J Adv Med Biomed Res. 27, no. 120 (2019): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510344.

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<strong>Background and Objective</strong><strong>: </strong>Quinolones are the antibiotics used to treat infections. Several reports have indicated the increased resistance to quinolone in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strains all over the world. The aim of this study is to investigate amino acid substitutions in GyrA and ParC proteins among quinolone-resistant isolates of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in Borujerd )west of Iran( hospitals. <strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>Totally, 100 isolates of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> were collected. After validating the isolates by conventional laboratory

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Ma, Xiaoping, Bowen Zheng, Jiafan Wang, et al. "Quinolone Resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Revealed through Genome and Transcriptome Analyses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (2021): 10036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810036.

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Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a pathogen that infects pigs and poses a serious threat to the pig industry. The emergence of quinolone-resistant strains of A.pleuropneumoniae further limits the choice of treatment. However, the mechanisms behind quinolone resistance in A.pleuropneumoniae remain unclear. The genomes of a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain, A. pleuropneumoniae SC1810 and its isogenic drug-sensitive counterpart were sequenced and analyzed using various bioinformatics tools, revealing 559 differentially expressed genes. The biological membrane, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistanc

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Thurner, Fabian, and Fatima AlZahra’a Alatraktchi. "Recent Trends in Biosensors for Quinolone Detection: A Comprehensive Review." Chemosensors 11, no. 9 (2023): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11090493.

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Quinolones represent a vast family of antibiotics used extensively around the globe in human and veterinary medicine. Over the past decade, the field of biosensors for quinolone detection has experienced significant growth, thanks to the advancements in nanotechnology. These biosensors have emerged as a promising tool for fast and accurate point-of-care detection of quinolones. Although research efforts have proven that it is possible to detect quinolones in complex matrices and in relevant concentration ranges, the complexity of the sensor functionalization and the risk of limited reproducibi

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Disratthakit, Areeya, Therdsak Prammananan, Chanwit Tribuddharat, et al. "Role ofgyrBMutations in Pre-extensively and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Thai Clinical Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 9 (2016): 5189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00539-16.

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ABSTRACTDNA gyrase mutations are a major cause of quinolone resistance inMycobacterium tuberculosis. We therefore conducted the first comprehensive study to determine the diversity of gyrase mutations in pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) (n= 71) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (n= 30) Thai clinical tuberculosis (TB) isolates. All pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB isolates carried at least one mutation within the quinolone resistance-determining region of GyrA (G88A [1.1%], A90V [17.4%], S91P [1.1%], or D94A/G/H/N/V/Y [72.7%]) or GyrB (D533A [1.1%], N538D [1.1%], or E540D [2.2%]). MIC and DNA g

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Chuah, Seng-Kee, Wei-Chen Tai, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Chih-Ming Liang, and Tsung-Hui Hu. "Quinolone-Containing Therapies in the Eradication ofHelicobacter pylori." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/151543.

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Fluoroquinolones, especially levofloxacin, are used in the eradication ofHelicobacter pyloriworldwide. Many consensus guidelines recommend that the second-line rescue therapy forH. pylorieradication consists of a proton pump inhibitor, a quinolone, and amoxicillin as an option. Unfortunately, quinolone is well associated with a risk of developing bacterial resistance. In this paper, we review quinolone-containingH. pylorieradication regimens and the challenges that influence the efficacy of eradication. It is generally suggested that the use of levofloxacin should be confined to “rescue” thera

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Uda, Atsushi, Katsumi Shigemura, Koichi Kitagawa, et al. "Effect of Antimicrobial Stewardship on Oral Quinolone Use and Resistance Patterns over 8 Years (2013–2020)." Antibiotics 10, no. 11 (2021): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111426.

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Since 2014, several global and national guidelines have been introduced to address the problem of antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a campaign in a tertiary hospital to promote appropriate quinolone use through educational lectures in 2018. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the changes in the following: prescription characteristics, trend of oral quinolone use, and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria from 2013 to 2020. Antimicrobial use was assessed as days of therapy per 1000 patient-days. We found a significant reduction in unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions betwee

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