Academic literature on the topic 'R-C cycle'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'R-C cycle.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "R-C cycle"
1
Tarrad, Ali H. "A Perspective Evolution Methodology of Energy Management in a Subcritical Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycles Operate at Two Temperature Levels." Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajte.8-1-1.
Full textAbstract:
The waste energy recovery and management philosophy represent a great challenge for scientists. This article outlines a scheme to utilize two different source temperature levels in the range of (160–200) °C. Two regenerative organic Rankine cycles (RORC) were implemented to construct a compound regenerative organic Rankine cycle (CRORC) to improve the energy management of the sources. The method of energy management for these cycles was accomplished by extracting a certain amount of energy from the high-temperature cycle and rejecting it to the working fluid in an economizer at the low-temperature level. R-123 was circulated in the high-temperature cycle due to its high critical temperature at evaporation and condensation temperatures of 150 °C and 50 °C respectively. R-123, R-245fa, R-1233zd-E, and the hydrocarbon R-600a were used as working fluids for the low-temperature cycle at evaporation and condensation temperatures of 130 °C and 35 °C respectively. This technique showed that the first law of thermodynamics efficiency was augmented by (3–5)% for the low-temperature mini-cycle of the (CRORC). The energy consumption at the low-temperature cycle was also reduced by (3–5)%. The latter reduction range accounts for 2% for the total extracted energy for the independent system where both high-temperature and low-temperature cycles were utilized separately. The data showed that increasing the superheat degree from 10 °C to 20°C has enhanced the thermal efficiency of the compound (CRORC) system by (2–4)%. The (CRORC) system of R-123/R600a, R-123/R-123, and R-123/R-245fa fluid pairs exhibited higher thermal efficiency than that of R-123/R-1233zd-E pair by (4.5–6)%, (4–6)% and (3–4)% respectively. The net thermal efficiency of the compound (CRORC) system fell in the range (12–13)% and the low-temperature mini-cycle of the (CRORC) system had a range of (12–14)% for all of the examined operating conditions. Keywords: compound cycle, regenerative, energy management, energy recovery
2
Tarrad, Ali H. "A Waste Energy Recovery Management for Electricity Generation from Two Temperature Grades of Energy Sources in Subcritical Organic Rankine Systems." Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering 8, no. 3 (September 6, 2021): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajte.8-3-2.
Full textAbstract:
Waste energy represents one of the most critical issues for the economic utilization and management of energy in modern industrial fields. This article outlines a scheme to utilize two different source temperature levels within the envelope of higher than 200 °C zones. Two regenerative organic Rankine cycles (RORC) were implemented to construct a compound regenerative organic Rankine cycle (CRORC) to improve the energy management of the sources. These two mini-cycles were integrated throughout an intermediate economizer circuit to extract a certain amount of energy from the high-temperature level mini-cycle. R-123 was circulated in the high-temperature cycle due to its high critical temperature at evaporation and condensation temperatures of 160 °C and 50 °C, respectively. R-123, R-21, and hydrocarbon R-600 were used as working fluids for the low-temperature cycle at evaporation and condensation temperatures of 130 °C and 35 °C, respectively. The R-123 fluid in the high-temperature mini-cycle was superheated to 170-240 °C, whereas the fluid in the low-temperature level was superheated to 180 °C. The results showed that the independent system (IRORC) requires more energy recovery than the compound system by a maximum of 2% to achieve the same net power output. This corresponds to the enhancement of 2% for the system net thermal efficiency of the compound (CRORC) system compared to the independent (IRORC) one. The compound (CRORC) system revealed a net thermal efficiency in the range of 14% and 15.6% for the test conditions. The mini-cycle net thermal efficiency of the low-temperature in the compound system was enhanced by a range of 2.5-5% compared to that of the independent arrangement. R-123/R-123 and R-123/R-21 systems exhibited higher net thermal efficiencies than the R-123/R-600 one by 3% and 2%, respectively. Increasing the superheat degree of the high-temperature mini-cycle from 10 °C to 80 °C for the compound system has improved the thermal efficiency by 7.6-7.9% for the examined fluid pairs and operating conditions. Keywords: compound cycle, regenerative, energy management, energy recovery, organic fluids
3
Wu, Shung-Liang. "3·2 r+1 -Cycle Systems of K n − C n." Graphs and Combinatorics 18, no. 3 (October 1, 2002): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003730200052.
Full text
4
COLLIER-CARTAINO, CLAYTON, NATHAN GRABER, and TAO JIANG. "Linear Turán Numbers of Linear Cycles and Cycle-Complete Ramsey Numbers." Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 27, no. 3 (November 2, 2017): 358–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548317000530.
Full textAbstract:
Anr-uniform hypergraph is called anr-graph. A hypergraph islinearif every two edges intersect in at most one vertex. Given a linearr-graphHand a positive integern, thelinear Turán numberexL(n,H) is the maximum number of edges in a linearr-graphGthat does not containHas a subgraph. For each ℓ ≥ 3, letCrℓdenote ther-uniform linear cycle of length ℓ, which is anr-graph with edgese1, . . .,eℓsuch that, for alli∈ [ℓ−1], |ei∩ei+1|=1, |eℓ∩e1|=1 andei∩ej= ∅ for all other pairs {i,j},i≠j. For allr≥ 3 and ℓ ≥ 3, we show that there exists a positive constantc=cr,ℓ, depending onlyrand ℓ, such that exL(n,Crℓ) ≤cn1+1/⌊ℓ/2⌋. This answers a question of Kostochka, Mubayi and Verstraëte [30]. For even ℓ, our result extends the result of Bondy and Simonovits [7] on the Turán numbers of even cycles to linear hypergraphs.Using our results on linear Turán numbers, we also obtain bounds on the cycle-complete hypergraph Ramsey numbers. We show that there are positive constantsa=am,randb=bm,r, depending only onmandr, such that\begin{equation} R(C^r_{2m}, K^r_t)\leq a \Bigl(\frac{t}{\ln t}\Bigr)^{{m}/{(m-1)}} \quad\text{and}\quad R(C^r_{2m+1}, K^r_t)\leq b t^{{m}/{(m-1)}}. \end{equation}
5
Crasmareanu, Mircea. "Gradient-type deformations of cycles in EPH geometries." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Matematica 65, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmath.2020.4.10.
Full textAbstract:
"The aim of this paper is to study the cycles of EPH geometries through their omogeneous gradient-type deformations recently introduced by the author. A special topic is the orthogonality between a given cycle $C$ and its deformations as well as between $C$ and its rotated version $R(C)$."
6
Yang, Ru, and Pai-Lu Wang. "Experimental Study of a Forced Convection Solar Collector/Regenerator for Open-Cycle Absorption Cooling." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 116, no. 4 (November 1, 1994): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930081.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an experimental study of the performance of a forced convection glazed solar collector/regenerator (C/R) operated under the meteorological conditions of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The C/R is the key component of an open-cycle absorption solar cooling system because its performance directly indicates the system performance. The present results show that the counterflow case can improve the C/R efficiency when inlet solution concentration is low. The effects of individual parameter on the C/R performance are analyzed. Dimensionless heat and mass transfer coefficients are given.
7
Crowe, Adam J., and Bart M. Bartlett. "Influence of steric bulk on the oxidative stability of phenolate-based magnesium-ion battery electrolytes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 2 (2016): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta07479g.
Full textAbstract:
A compilation of electrolytes within the standard RPhOMgCl and AlCl3 in a THF electrolyte system with varying alkyl-based steric bulks about the phenol ring were prepared and cycled electrochemically. For R = 2,4,6-Me3, excellent cycling (>200 h cycle life at C/10 current) with Mo6S8 Cheverel is observed.
8
Johnsen, B. P., T. A. Cruse, R. A. Miller, and W. J. Brindley. "Compressive Fatigue of a Plasma Sprayed Zr02-8 wt%Y203 and Zr02-10wt%NiCrAlCoY TTBC." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804544.
Full textAbstract:
High cycle (>106 cycles) fatigue (HCF) behavior of thick thermal barrier coatings (TTBC’s) was examined for applied stresses near the compressive strength of the material. Test data were obtained on four coating systems: two base materials in the unsealed and CrO2 dip sealed conditions. Free standing tubular specimens were evaluated. The data show that compressive fatigue limits exist for the four coating systems at room temperature (RT) and sealing with CrO2 improves RT fatigue life. Test results also show the ratio of the peak cyclic stress, at 105 cycles, to ultimate compressive strength (UCS) of the Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) tubular specimens approaches 0.90 at R = 0.6 (R = minimum/maximum compressive stress). Residual UCS increases were observed after fatigue run-outs at elevated temperatures (5 at 700°C and 1 at 400°C) for both YSZ and the cermet. Ratchetting with cyclic hardening was observed during fatigue with deformation occurring primarily in the initial portion of the high cycle fatigue life of the specimens.
9
Nový, František, Libor Trško, Robert Ulewicz, and Sylvia Dundeková. "Influence of Electrodeposited Coatings on Ultra-High-Cycle Fatigue Life of S235 Structural Steel." Materials Science Forum 818 (May 2015): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.818.37.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with experimental results of fatigue life of plain carbon steel electrodeposited with nickel, chromium and iron-zinc coatings in the ultra-high-cycle region of loading (N = 6×106 ÷ 1010 cycles) obtained at high-frequency fatigue testing (f ≈ 20 kHz, T = 20 ± 5 °C, R = -1). The results confirm continuous decrease of S-N curves after N = 107 cycles. Electrodeposited coatings caused decrease of the fatigue life in the low and high-cycle fatigue region. In the ultra-high cycle region the influence of electrodeposited coatings on fatigue properties is negligible. There was observed no significant influence of thickness of electrodeposited coatings on fatigue lifetime decrease.
10
Bermejo, I., I. García-Marco, and E. Reyes. "Graphs and complete intersection toric ideals." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 14, no. 09 (July 10, 2015): 1540011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498815400113.
Full textAbstract:
Our purpose is to study the family of simple undirected graphs whose toric ideal is a complete intersection from both an algorithmic and a combinatorial point of view. We obtain a polynomial time algorithm that, given a graph G, checks whether its toric ideal PG is a complete intersection or not. Whenever PG is a complete intersection, the algorithm also returns a minimal set of generators of PG. Moreover, we prove that if G is a connected graph and PG is a complete intersection, then there exist two induced subgraphs R and C of G such that the vertex set V(G) of G is the disjoint union of V(R) and V(C), where R is a bipartite ring graph and C is either the empty graph, an odd primitive cycle, or consists of two odd primitive cycles properly connected. Finally, if R is 2-connected and C is connected, we list the families of graphs whose toric ideals are complete intersection.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "R-C cycle"
1
Přívozník, Martin. "Porovnání tepelných účinností cyklů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231805.
Full textAbstract:
Theme of this master's thesis Comparison of thermal cycle efficiency is aimed on the calculation of thermal schemes of reheating and without reheating for various performances. The calculation is performed using specialized literature. The introduction describes the fundamental thermal cycle used in power plants and Rankine - Clausius cycle. After the initial familiarization with the parameters of Rankine - Clausius cycle follow a section with technical solutions to improve thermal efficiency of Rankine - Clausius thermal cycle. The aim of this work is to identify and compare the thermal efficiency of the thermal cycle with reheating, without reheating and compare them with each other. At the conclusion of this work is shown comparison between two low-pressure regeneration systems.
2
Uherek, Jan. "Kondenzační parní turbína pro pohon napájecího čerpadla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241704.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis focuses on designing impulse stage steam turbine to be used as the feed pump drive. I consecutively carried out thermodynamic calculation, seals and bearings layouts, with the aim to determine the steam mass flow through the turbine. Furthermore, I conducted turbine blade toughness check-ups, determined the rotor critical rotational speed, check-up rotor critical place (bearing pin) for torsion, and created a clutch screws design. The final part of this thesis pursues the other operating states of the turbine. This thesis is amended by a mechanical drawing of the turbine transection.
3
Forti, Fábio Luís. "Clonagem do Receptor de ACTH de células adrenocorticais Y-1 de camundongo e expressão em fibroblastos 3T3 e células de AR-1 para elucidação de vias de transdução de sinal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-23092003-172014/.
Full textAbstract:
O hormônio adrenocorticotrópico, ACTH, regula função (esteroidogênese) e proliferação das células da córtex das glândulas adrenais através de um único receptor específico, ACTHR, que pertence à superfamília GPCR (G-protein coupled receptors). Embora o ACTHR tenha sido clonado há 8 anos, os mecanismos moleculares das ações mitogênica e anti-mitogênica de ACTH permanecem obscuros, cuja elucidação é objeto de estudo deste trabalho. A abordagem experimental consistiu na clonagem do ACTHR de células adrenocorticais Y-1 de camundongo e expressão funcional em fibroblastos 3T3 e células AR-1. Clones transfectantes, expressando estavelmente ACTHR, mostraram-se responsivos a ACTH através de: a) ativação de adenilato ciclase e b) indução de genes das famílias fos e jun. Por outro lado, medidas de síntese de DNA e proliferação celular indicam que ACTH não tem nenhum efeito mitogênico ou anti-mitogênico nos transfectantes ACTHR. O gene c-fos foi usado como alvo para testar vias de transdução de sinal ativadas por ACTH nos transfectantes 3T3 ACTHR. Estes testes mostraram que PKA, PKC e MAPK tem pouca ou nenhuma participação na indução de c-fos por ACTH nos clones 3T3 ACTHR, sugerindo que ACTHR pode ativar vias ainda não identificadas e motivando a busca de novas vias ativadas por ACTH nas células Y-1. Verificou-se que células Y-1 apresentam níveis constitutivamente elevados de AKT/PKB ativada (fosforilada), dependentes de PI3K e SRC, e que ACTH promove rápida desfosforilação de AKT via Gs/Adenilato Ciclase/cAMP/PKA. Ao promover a inativação de AKT, ACTH promove simultaneamente a indução da proteína p27'IND.Kip1', um mecanismo que contribui para a atividade anti-mitogênica de ACTH.The adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH, regulates both function and proliferation of adrenocortical cells binding to a specific receptor, ACTHR, which belongs to superfamily of GPCR (G-protein coupled receptors). ACTHR was cloned a few years ago, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the mitogenic and anti-mitogenic actions of ACTH remain unknown, whose elucidation is aim of this project. The experimental approach was to clone the ACTHR from mouse Y-1 adrenocortical cells and to express the functional receptor in Balb 3T3 fibroblasts and AR-1 cells. Transfectant clones stably expressing the ACTHR respond to ACTH treatments by: a) adenylate cyclase activation and b) induction of fos and jun genes. On the other hand, experiments of DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation showed that ACTH has not mitogenic or anti-mitogenic effects in ACTHR transfectants. c-fos gene was used as a target to test signal transduction pathways activated by ACTH into 3T3 ACTHR transfectants. The results showed that PKA, PKC and MAPK have no relevant contribution on the ACTH c-fos induction in 3T3 ACTHR transfectants suggesting that ACTHR can activate signal transduction pathways still not identified. This conclusion prompted us to search for another signal transduction pathways triggered by ACTHR in Y-1 adrenocortical cells. This search led to the detection of high constitutive levels of activated AKT/PKB in Y-1 adrenocortical cells, which are dependent on PI3K and SRC. ACTH causes a strong and rapid downregulation of activated AKT in a Gs/Adenylate Cyclase/cAMP/PKA dependent manner. Apparently, dephosphorylation of AKT promoted by ACTH releases transcription factors that induce p27'IND.Kip1', a likely mechanism underlying ACTH anti-mitogenic effects in adrenocortical cells.
4
Lu, Yu. "Cell cycle uncoupling, elimination, and functional modification of centrioles during C. elegans development." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116920.
Full textAbstract:
Centrosome duplication is coupled with cell division to ensure that centrosome is duplicated only once per cell cycle. This coupling, however, can be altered in specific developmental contexts although how this uncoupling occurs remains generally unclear. In C. elegans, the larval intestinal and the hypodermal cells will endocycles, while germ line stem cells eventually exit mitosis and enter meiosis. We use these models to better understand how the centrosome is intimately coupled to the cell cycle and the mechanisms though which the duplication of the centrioles can be uncoupled from cell division during the course of development.By monitoring the levels of SPD-2, a protein that is critical for centriole duplication in C. elegans, we found that the centriole duplicates normally at the intestinal cell nuclear division, but does not re-duplicate during the first endocycle, Subsequently SPD-2 becomes diffuse within the nucleus before it is subsequently eliminated. These dynamic changes seem to be actively regulated since they are not observed in situations of un-quantized DNA re-replication. To test whether cell cycle regulators might regulate centrosome/cell cycle uncoupling and elimination, we generated phosphomimetic and non-phosphorylable variants of SPD-2. We found that altering the highly conserved CDK-phosphorylation site of Serine 545 uncouples the centriole duplication/cell cycle coupling, whereas mimicking PLK-mediated phosphorylation or reducing the activity of ubiquitylation pathway by RNAi leads to nuclear accumulation of SPD-2 potentially by stabilizing SPD-2 without affecting centrosome duplication and uncoupling. Overall our study reveals that phosphorylation of SPD-2 by key cell cycle kinases may regulate centrosome/cell cycle uncoupling and elimination during in C.elegans development.Secondly, we studied the role of RNF-1, a RING-domain protein that interacts with Cip/Kip family member CKI-2 in C. elegans. We found that RNF-1 mediates the ubiquitylation of CKI-2, which consequently results in its proteasome-dependent degradation. Consistent with this, RNF-1 reduces the embryonic lethality caused by misexpression of CKI-2. We also found that RNF-1 is localized at nuclear periphery, although the significance of this localization still requires further characterization.Finally, we analyzed the localization and the function of γ-tubulin during germ cell progression. We found that γ-tubulin undergoes a re-distribution from its association with the centriole to germ cell membrane at the onset of meiosis. This re-distribution causes the centriole to lose its microtubule nucleating capacity and appears to be triggered by signals that occur during the mitosis-meiosis transition. We are continuing a characterization of the significance and the mechanism of this re-distribution.La duplication des centrosomes est couplé à la division cellulaire afin qu'elle n'ait lieu qu'une seule fois par cycle cellulaire. Cependant, lors de certains contextes développementaux, ce couplage n'a pas lieu et ceci reste mal compris à ce jour. Chez C. elegans, alors que les cellules hypodermales et intestinales font de l'endo-replication, les cellules souches germinales sortent de la mitose pour entrer en méiose. L'utilisation de ces différents modèles cellulaires, nous permet de mieux comprendre comment la duplication des centrosomes est dans la plupart des cas intimement couplée au cycle cellulaire, et d'étudier les mécanismes où la duplication des centrioles est indépendante à la division cellulaire au cours de contextes développementaux particuliers.SPD-2 est une protéine essentielle à la duplication des centrioles chez C.elegans. En observant ses niveaux d'expression, nous avons pu montré qu'alors que les centrioles sont correctement dupliqués lors de la division des cellules intestinales, ils ne se re-dupliquent pas au cours du 1er-cycle d'endo-replication. En effet, SPD-2 diffuse dans le noyau, avant d'être éliminé. Cette dynamique semble être activement régulée, car elle n'est pas observée dans des situations où l'ADN est très anormalement répliqué. Afin d'étudier l'importance des régulateurs du cycle cellulaire dans ce découplage centrosome/cycle cellulaire, nous avons généré des variants SPD-2, phosphomimétiques ou non-phosphorylables. De manière très intéressante, la modification de la serine 545, site très conservé pour la phosphorylation par CDK, entraine le découplage de la duplication du centriole par rapport au cycle cellulaire. Au contraire, en mimant la phosphorylation par PLK ou en diminuant l'activité de la voie de l'ubiquitylation, par ARNi, la protéine SPD-2 s'accumule dans le noyau. Cette accumulation est probablement due à la stabilisation de la protéine, mais elle n'affecte pas la duplication du centrosome. Notre étude révèle donc l'importance des phosphorylations de SPD-2 par différentes kinases clés du cycle cellulaire dans la régulation son activité. En effet, celles ci pourraient réguler le découplage de la duplication des centrosomes du cycle cellulaire et affecter leur élimination au cours du développement chez C. elegans.Parallèlement, nous nous sommes aussi intéressé au rôle de RNF-1, une protéine contenant des domaines RING qui interagit avec CKI-2, un membre de la famille Cip/Kip. Nous avons démontré que RNF-1 joue un rôle crucial dans l'ubiquitylation de CKI-2, qui est alors dégradé par la voie du protéasome. Ainsi, l'expression de RNF-1 réduit la létalité embryonnaire causée lors d'une mauvais expression de CKI-2. RNF-1 se localise à la périphérie du noyau, toutefois la fonction associée à cette localisation nécessite une étude plus approfondie.Finalement, nous avons etudié le rôle de la γ-tubuline au cours de la progression des cellules germinales. Nous avons trouvé que la γ-tubuline est redistribuée depuis sa localisation centriolaire vers la membrane cytoplasmique des cellules germinales pendant la méiose. Cette redistribution inhibe les capacités du centriole à générer la nucléation des microtubules, ceci résultant probablement de signaux transmis lors de la transition entre la mitose et la méiose. Nous continuons notre travail afin de comprendre le rôle et les mécanismes impliqués dans cette redistribution.
5
Siam, Rania. "Mechanisms of C. crescentus regulation of chromosome replication by a cell cycle regulator protein." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37838.
Full textAbstract:
Caulobacter crescentus divides asymmetrically to produce two different progeny, a swarmer progeny that is replication incompetent, and a stalked cell progeny that is replication competent. Upon cell division, a cell cycle regulator protein (CtrA) was identified only in the swarmer cells, and additional circumstantial evidence links this protein to being a repressor of chromosome replication. For example, this response regulator protein binds to five specific sites in the replication origin (Cori) designated [a-e]. We carefully studied the binding characteristics of both phosphorylated (CtrA~P) and unphosphorylated forms of the protein to the five binding sites [a-e] in the replication origin (Chapter 2) and upstream of the ctrA gene (Chapter 3). We showed that phosphorylation significantly enhances binding affinity in the replication origin (Chapter 2) but not upstream of ctrA (Chapter 3). In addition a "pseudo-active" protein form (CtrA D51E) that resembles the phosphorylated form in vivo did not improve the binding characteristics (Chapter 3). These results suggest that enhanced binding on phosphorylation is not the only signal achieved on phosphorylation. In fact, CtrA half-site mutation binding studies shows that phosphorylation stimulates protein/protein interaction and cooperative binding between sites [a] and [b] in the replication origin (Chapter 2). We show that CtrA binding site [b] is the major contributor in the cooperative CtrA binding between [a] and [b] (Chapter 4). We demonstrate that cooperative binding of CtrA~P to sites [a] and [b] repress transcription from a strong promoter (Ps), which in turn blocks plasmid replication. In addition, mutating site [b] to block CtrA binding to [a] and [b] has a deleterious effect on chromosome replication (Chapter 4).This cooperative CtrA binding at [a] and [b] is independent from the upstream binding sites [c-e] (Chapter 2). CtrA∼P binding in the origin is altered in the presence of the histone-like protein (IHF) that also binds and overlaps CtrA binding site [c] (Chapter 5). In-fact, IHF binds and overlaps binding site [c] (Chapter 5). We propose a replication model in the stalked cell were IHF binding hinders active CtrA binding in the replication origin and regulates cooperative transcription that coincides with replication initiation.
6
Chae, Eunhee. "Jules Massenet's Musical Prosody Focusing on His Eight Song Cycles And A Collection, Expressions Lyriques: A Lecture Recital, Together with Recitals of Selected Works of W. A. Mozart, F. Schubert, C. Debussy, R. Strauss, D. Argento, V. Bellini, J. Marx, W. Walton, C. Gounod, A. Scarlatti, G. Fauré, J. Rodrigo, H. Wolf, and Others." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2727/.
Full textAbstract:
Jules Massenet's mélodies feature a distinct vocal treatment regarding musical prosody through his eight song cycles, including Poëme d'Avril, Poëme Pastoral, Poëme du Souvenir, Poëme d'Amour, Poëme d'Hiver, Poëme d'un Soir, and Quelques Chansons Mauves, and a collection, Expressions Lyriques. These mélodies show the influence of the trend of salon music and the high-level poetry from the poetic movements of romanticism, Parnassianism, and symbolism. This study deals with Massenet's mélodies relating to the prosody idea, which is conspicuous in his vocal treatment. His melodic styles feature four distinct aspects of vocal treatment including lyrical, recitative or parlando, melodramatic, and déclamation rhythmée, and represent the idea of musical prosody of phonetic, syntactic, and semantic aspects. Massenet's other musical idioms such as harmony, form, and piano treatment, are also closely related to the prosody matter as a semantic aspect, reinforcing the poetic mood and content. In this study, each melodic style related to French versification is examined in detail. The musical analysis regarding the other musical idioms on selected examples presents the semantic feature of prosody idea. The brief review of French versification and opinions regarding the performance are included. Massenet's contribution to the genre of mélodie, with the prose melody and treatment of piano as an equal partner of voice line, is clearly demonstrated. With this contribution, Massenet should be recognized as the most influential composer to the climatic time of French mélodie led by Fauré, and Debussy, and Duparc.
Books on the topic "R-C cycle"
1
Tavernier. Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre: 4e, programme 1998, cycle central des collèges : [édition comportant uniquement la géologie] / Solange Bérard, Claude ... la dir. de R. Tavernier [et de] C. Lizeaux. Bordas, 1998.
Find full text
2
James, Philip. Strategies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827238.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter focuses on the strategies adopted by plants and animals in order to live, at least for part of their life cycle, in urban environments. There is a discussion of the concepts of specialist and generalist species. This is followed by an examination of the strategies adopted by plants, including a consideration of concepts such as the C-S-R model (competitors, stress tolerators, and ruderal species). Then urban avoiders, urban adapters, urban exploiters (also known as human associates), and urban obligates (also known as human obligates) are introduced. These strategies are illustrated by examples of animals living in (or avoiding) urban environments around the globe. In the summary, the five characteristics shared by many plants and animals in urban environments are presented.
Book chapters on the topic "R-C cycle"
1
Yutong, Li, and Yang Hongxing. "Simplified Analysis of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in an Open Cycle Solar C/R." In Proceedings of ISES World Congress 2007 (Vol. I – Vol. V), 1975–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75997-3_402.
Full text
2
"Life-cycle analysis of buildings with R/C frames." In Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, 287–92. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203885307-43.
Full text
3
Astafiev, D., and I. Fedotova. "Life-cycle analysis of buildings with R/C frames." In Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, 267–71. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203885307.pt3.
Full text
4
Saiid, M., A. Ebrahimpour, and N. Johnson. "Seismic abutment-deck interaction of a four-span R/C bridge model." In Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management and Life-Cycle Optimization, 473. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10430-363.
Full text
5
Karapetrou, S., S. Fotopoulou, and K. Pitilakis. "Consideration of aging and SSI on the time-variant seismic vulnerability assessment of R/C buildings." In Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures, 1687–94. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16387-247.
Full text
6
Jones, M. R. "A practical approach to R-1234yf thermophysical property calculation and A/C system cycle analysis." In Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Conference and Exhibition (VTMS10), 3–10. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857095053.1.3.
Full text
7
"Effect of variability in response modification factors on seismic damage of R-C bridge columns." In Advances in Bridge Maintenance, Safety Management, and Life-Cycle Performance, Set of Book & CD-ROM, 345–46. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18175-117.
Full text
8
Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Artificial Ventilators." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0030.
Full textAbstract:
When pressure is applied by the ventilator to drive gas into the lungs, energy is expended to overcome airway resistance R to gas flow in the airways, in order to store gas in the alveoli, whose readiness to having their volume increased is represented by the concept of compliance, C. The storage of gas within individual compliances represents potential energy storage. The acceleration of gas and anatomical components within the system represent kinetic energy change, resisted by the inertance, I, of the system. At conventional ventilation frequencies, these kinetic energy changes are negligible compared with the other energy changes taking place. Inertance can be ignored and the system behaves like a flow resistor in series with a compliance. These variables determine the pressure and volume changes that take place within the lung. As ventilation frequency increases into the high range, inertance becomes significant and the frequency response of anatomical structures becomes important, with phase differences between pressure and volume signals occurring [Lin et al. 1989]. Mechanical resistance, R, in the system is largely due to resistance to gas flow down airways and is defined as pressure change per unit flow ΔP/Q, typically 4 cm H2O l−1 s. at 0.5 l s−1. However there is a contribution from viscous resistive forces in the lung and chest wall tissues. High resistance may require long inspiratory times, while expiratory times that are too short may lead to gas trapping in alveoli. Excessive resistance may mean that the power required to ventilate the patient may exceed that available to the ventilator. Compliance, C, is a measure of the capacitative properties of the alveoli and is defined as volume change per unit pressure change ΔV/ΔP. It is not uniform throughout the respiratory cycle and has values in the range 0.05–0.10 L (cmH2O)−1. Dynamic compliance is the value given to this variable throughout the inspiratory period to the end of inspiration, when airway pressure is highest. During the inspiratory pause, airway pressure falls to a plateau during which the static compliance can be measured, which is greater than the dynamic compliance.
9
Bonsall, Michael B., and Michael P. Hassell. "Predator–prey interactions." In Theoretical Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199209989.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Predation is a widespread population process that has evolved many times within the metazoa. It can affect the distribution, abundance, and dynamics of species in ecosystems. For instance, the distribution of western tussock moth is known to be affected by a parasitic wasp (Maron and Harrison, 1997; Hastings et al., 1998), the abundance of different competitors can be shaped by the presence or absence of predators (e.g. Paine, 1966), and natural enemies (such as many parasitoids) can shape the dynamics of a number of ecological interactions (Hassell, 1978, 2000). The broad aim of this chapter is to explore the dynamical effects of predators (including the large groupings of insect parasitoids) and show how our understanding of predator–prey interactions scales from knowledge of the behaviour and local patch dynamics to the population and regional (metapopulation) levels. We draw on a number of approaches including behavioural studies, population dynamics, and time-series analysis, and use models to describe the data and dynamics of the interaction between predators and prey. Predator–prey interactions have an inherent tendency to fluctuate and show oscillatory behaviour. If predators are initially rare, then the size of the prey population can increase. As prey population size increases, the predator populations also begins to increase, which in turn has a detrimental effect on the prey population leading to a decline in prey numbers. As prey become scarce then the predator population size declines and the cycle starts again. These intuitive dynamics can be captured by one of the simplest mathematical descriptions of a predator–prey interaction: the Lotka–Volterra model (Lotka, 1925; Volterra, 1926). Specifically, the Lotka–Volterra model for an interaction between a predator (P) and its prey (N) is a continuous-time model and has the form : where r is the prey-population growth rate in the absence of predators, α is the predator attack rate, c is the (positive) impact of prey on predators, and d is the death rate of predators in the absence of their prey resource.
10
Yoon, Jung-In, Chang-Hyo Son, Sung-Hoon Seol, and Ji-Hoon Yoon. "Ultra-Low Temperature Chillers for Semiconductor Manufacturing Process." In Advancements Towards Sustainability of HVAC & R Systems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98547.
Full textAbstract:
The growth of the semiconductor market and advancement of manufacturing technology have led to an increase in wafer size and highly integrated semiconductor devices. The temperature of the supplied cooling medium from the chiller that removes the heat produced in the semiconductor manufacturing process is required to be at a lower level because of the high integration. The Joule-Thomson cooling cycle, which uses a mixed refrigerant (MR) to produce the cooling medium at a level of −100°C required for the semiconductor process, has recently gained attention. When a MR is used, the chiller’s performance is heavily influenced by the composition and proportions of the refrigerant charged to the chiller system. Therefore, this paper introduces a cooling cycle that uses an MR to achieve the required low temperature of −100°C in the semiconductor manufacturing process and provides the results of simple experiments to determine the effects of different MR compositions.
Conference papers on the topic "R-C cycle"
1
Onuki, Kaoru, Shinji Kubo, Seiji Kasahara, Shintaro Ishiyama, Hayato Nakajima, Shunichi Higashi, Tomoo Masaki, and Tetsuaki Takeda. "Study on Thermochemical Iodine-Sulfur Cycle at JAERI." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49364.
Full textAbstract:
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) has been conducting an R&D on thermochemical water-splitting processes of Iodine-Sulfur family, which is a promising candidate of heat-utilization process of High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors. Present activity at JAERI covers the following three subjects, (a) closed-loop operation technique for stable and continuous hydrogen production by e.g. suppressing possible side reactions, (b) process improvement in terms of thermal efficiency of hydrogen production utilizing membrane technologies, and (c) selection of materials for constructing the large-scale plant mainly focusing on corrosion resistance in the representative process environments. Recent progress on these studies is briefly described.
2
Okita, Nobuo, Takashi Sasaki, Takeo Suga, and Shogo Iwai. "Development and Strategy for A-USC Steam Turbine Cycle." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45549.
Full textAbstract:
Efficiency improvement of thermal power plants is one of the key technologies to protect the global environment because of lower emission gas. There are many approaches in this regard, which are investigated and developed around the world. Thermal efficiency of fossil power plants has been improved by raising steam temperature as high as 620 C in a realization of Ultra Super Critical (USC) steam turbine system. In order to enhance the thermal efficiency further, we are developing the Advanced Ultra Super Critical (A-USC) steam turbine system using high pressure and high temperature steam of 700 C or over 700 C. The main focus of the Research & Development of A-USC steam turbine is the verification of the alloys for the large rotor, casing and valve components, and the main issue for application to the power plant is an economical aspect and field of technology for the realization of such steam conditions with cost-effectiveness, for instance, optimization of cycle heat balance, turbine design, welding technology and so on. This paper describes briefly about R&D results of A-USC steam turbine and suggests an economical strategy in order to make it possible to be realized sooner.
3
Reynolds, John. "The Vital Role of the Corrosion/Materials Engineer in the Life Cycle Management of Pressure Equipment." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57012.
Full textAbstract:
In my 40 years of experience I’ve come to firmly believe that nearly every operating site processing hydrocarbons needs the services, to some extent, of a competent, experienced corrosion/materials (C/M) engineer in order to achieve excellence in pressure equipment integrity and reliability (PEI&R). Without such services there are many PEI traps to fall into caused by lack of knowledge of corrosion and materials degradation issues. This paper outlines those traps that can lead not only to avoidable cost issues, but unanticipated breaches of containment and the ensuing undesirable safety and environmental consequences. The most well rounded C/M engineer should be knowledgeable, not just in metallurgy and materials selection, but also in process chemistry, corrosion and degradation mechanisms, corrosion barriers, materials degradation prevention, repair and replacement decisions and cost-effective mitigation practices. In this paper, I will indicate how a competent C/M engineer could easily save the company the cost of his/her services ten times over while recognizing that not all small sites may need a full time C/M engineer on staff, but should at least have access to one through contractual agreements. I will show how proactive corrosion control activities in the top ten vital C/M engineering aspects are necessary to achieve excellence (and avoid pressure equipment failures) in PEI&R.
4
Moroz, Leonid, Chi-Ron Kuo, Oleg Guriev, Yi-Chen Li, and Boris Frolov. "Axial Turbine Flow Path Design for an Organic Rankine Cycle Using R-245fa." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94078.
Full textAbstract:
Limited fossil fuel resources along with the ever-increasing demand for inexpensive and environmentally friendly energy are the driving factors of geothermal and waste heat recovery technologies. In the last two decades, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), has been improved and modified to better adapt the cycle to the various conditions of heat sources and has become a preferred means of exploiting low potential heat resources of various types and been widely used in many applications as an efficient and reliable energy source. This paper represents results for the 250kW power unit, which utilizes the R-245fa refrigerant for ORC cycle in low temperature range up to 150 deg. C. The detailed design process of an ORC turbine is presented and discussed. The effect of general turbine configurations and component design on turbine efficiency and structural integrity is studied. Cost and weight cut off aspects of turbine construction also discussed. The level of efficiency achieved as a result of turbine optimization, is at the top for this class of small turbines. Final variant represents one stage axial turbine with integrally bladed disk, inlet scroll and outlet tail pipe. Structural optimization has been performed to minimize rotor weight at an acceptable level of stress and frequency safety factors.
5
Tchanche, Bertrand F., Sylvain Quoilin, Sebastien Declaye, Georges Papadakis, and Vincent Lemort. "Economic Feasibility Study of a Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycle System in Waste Heat Recovery Application." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24828.
Full textAbstract:
The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) appears progressively as a promising solution to recover waste heat energy from thermal processes for electricity generation. A prototype of small-scale ORC has been built and successfully tested at the University of Lie`ge. It uses R-245fa and R-123 as working fluid, and an oil-free scroll compressor adapted to run in expander mode. Thermodynamic model of the system was derived and validated for performance prediction. The validated thermodynamic model is used to optimize the operation of the small ORC in waste heat recovery application (ORC-WHR). For exhaust gases at 180 °C and a mass flow rate of 0.21 kg/s, a maximum net power output of 2 kWe is obtained for an evaporator pressure of 11.84 bar. The cycle thermal efficiency is 8.23 and the recuperation efficiency, 66.32%. Based on the aforementioned conditions, the economic assessment of small scale ORC-WHR was carried out using economic criteria such as levelized electricity cost (LEC), Net present value (NPV) and depreciated payback period (DPP). For a 2kWe ORC-WHR, the specific installed cost is 5775 €/kW with a LEC of 13.27 c€/kWh while for a 50 kWe, the specific installed cost is about 3034 €/kW and the LEC, 7c€/kWh. For an electricity unit price of 20 c€/kWh, the payback period of a 2 kWe system is 6 years while it is 2.5 years for a 50 kWe system. It is concluded from the study that recovering the waste heat by way of ORCs is technically and economically feasible. As recycled energy, waste heat has the same advantages as renewable energy and should benefit from the same legislative conditions (Feed-in-Laws).
6
Li, Maoqing, Jiangfeng Wang, Lin Gao, Xiaoqiang Niu, and Yiping Dai. "Performance Evaluation of a Turbine Used in a Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68441.
Full textAbstract:
Due to environmental constraints, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is widely used to generate electricity from low grade heat sources. In ORC processes, the working fluid is an organic substance, which has a better thermodynamic performance than water for low grade heat recovery. The design of the turbine which is the key component in the ORC system strongly depends on the operating conditions and on the scale of the facility. This paper presents an experimental study on a prototype of an axial-flow turbine integrated into a regenerative ORC system with R123 as working fluid. The power output is 10kW scale, and the single-stage turbine is selected. The turbine is specially designed and manufactured, and a generator is connected to the turbine directly. In the experiment, the turbine is tested under different inlet pressure conditions (0.6–1.5MPa), different inlet temperature conditions (80–150°C) and different flow rate conditions. The experimental data such as the pressures, temperatures of the turbine inlet and outlet, flow rate, rotational speed, and electrical power generation are analyzed to find their inner relationships. During the test, the turbine rotational speed could reach more than 3010 r/min, while the design rotational speed is 3000 r/min. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine could reach 53%. The maximum electrical power generated by the turbine-generator is 6.57KW. From the test data the peak value of the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the turbine is 53 °C, and the expansion ratio reaches about 11. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers is also used to analyze the performance of the turbine. The distributions of the pressure, Mach number, and static entropy in the turbine flow passage component are examined and the reasons are also obtained. This study reveals the relationships between the performance of the axial-flow turbine and its inlet and outlet vapor conditions. The experiment results and the CFD results lay a foundation for using this type turbine in the ORC systems which product electrical power from a few KW to MW.
7
Koyama, Miki, and Toshio Mimaki. "Development of the Advanced Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0563.
Full textAbstract:
This aims to put the fruits of the R&D; “The Hydrogen Combustion Turbine” in WE-NET Phase I Program(1993-1998) to practical use at an early stage. The topping regenerating cycle was selected as the optimum cycle, with energy efficiency expected to be more than 60%(HHV) under the conditions of the turbine inlet temperature of 1973K(1700°C) and the pressure of 4.8MPa,in it. • As the turbine inlet temperature and pressure increase, issues to be resolved include the amount of NOx emissions and the durability of super alloys for turbine blades under such thermal conditions. In this respect, the development of the highly efficient methane-oxygen combustion technology, the turbine blade cooling technology, and the ultrahigh-temperature materials including thermal barrier coatings is being carried out. • In 1999, the results made it clear that there are little error among the three analytic programs used to verify the system efficiency, it was verified that the burning rate was going to arrive at over 98% from the methane-oxygen combustion test (under the atmospheric pressure). And the type of vane “Film cooling plus recycle type with internal cooling system” was selected as the most suitable vane.
8
Chen, Peiyu, Hongbin Yan, Gongnan Xie, and Bengt Sunden. "Thermal Design and Performance Prediction of a Shell Condenser for Closed-Cycle Underwater Vehicles." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86999.
Full textAbstract:
The shell condenser is a key component for the underwater vehicles. To study its heat transfer performance and flow characteristics and to design a more efficient structure, a mathematical model is generated to simulate condensation inside the straight and helical channels. The model combines empirical correlations and MATLAB based on an iterative algorithm. Here, quality is used as a sign of the degree of condensation. The computational model is verified by comparison of simulations and experiments. Several cases are designed to reveal the effects of the initial condition. The inlet temperature varies from 160 to 220°C and the inlet mass velocity ranges between 133 and 200 kg/m2·s. The results show that the inlet temperature and mass velocity significantly affect flow and heat transfer in the condensation process. In addition, comparisons of the straight channel and helical channel with different Dh/R indicate that the heat transfer capability of the helical channel is obviously better than that of the straight channel, and the heat transfer coefficient and total pressure drop increase with the decrease of Dh/R. This study may provide useful information for performance prediction and structure design of shell condensers, and provide a relatively universal computational model for condensation in channels.
9
Wada, Yoru, Kouichi Takasawa, Ryoji Ishigaki, Yasuhiko Tanaka, and Tadao Iwadate. "Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates for Steels in Hydrogen Storage." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77666.
Full textAbstract:
Fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN) in up to 90MPa high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments of quenched and tempered low alloy Cr-Mo steel: JIS-SCM435 with ultimate tensile strength level of 950MPa were measured utilizing a cycle, ranging from 0.3sec from 1000sec long with a road ratio R = 0.1. The longer cycle time tests (15sec to 1000sec per cycle) were conducted utilizing internal pressure test apparatus by utilizing cylinder (= CY) specimens, while shorter cycle (0.3sec to 25sec per cycle) tests were performed utilizing fatigue test machine using compact tension (= C(T)) specimens. Crack depth of CY specimens were measured by Time Of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) technique and the crack length of C(T) specimens were measured by compliance technique. Both C(T) and CY specimen showed accelerated sub-critical crack growth in gaseous hydrogen compared that in air or inert gas atmosphere. The effect of load ratio was also evaluated.
10
Maughan, James R., Kevin M. Elward, Simon M. De Pietro, and Paul J. Bautista. "Field Test Results of a Dry Low NOx Combustion System for the MS3002J Regenerative Cycle Gas Turbine." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-047.
Full textAbstract:
A dry low NOx combustion system for the MS3002J regenerative cycle gas turbine has been developed and successfully installed at two pipeline compressor stations. Preparation for the DLN retrofits began with initial field testing of the conventional system intended to characterize some of the unique features of the two-shaft, regenerative cycle machine that might impact the proposed premixed combustor design. Combustor transition pieces were instrumented with gas sampling probes for CO2 analysis. Fuel flow to each combustor was measured and controlled. Consequently, the fuel/air ratio, exit temperature, and air flow for each combustor could be determined over the operating range. The dry low NOx combustion system for the MS3002J R/C is based on an existing system for the MS6001B gas turbine. A description of the hardware and system operation is given. Because of the relatively high inlet temperature of the MS3002J R/C (950 F), some portions of the liner required highly efficient effusion cooling. A new transition piece seal was developed to reduce leakage and ensure uniform air flow throughout the machine. A control strategy was developed to guide the machine through diffusion modes of operation at low load to premixed combustion at higher loads. Results showed acceptable component temperatures throughout. Emissions measurements were consistent with previous laboratory measurements and met design targets of 33 ppm NOx and 25 ppm CO (at 15% O2) over the required range. The fuel split between the two premixed flame zones was controlled over the load range of the turbine to optimize CO, NOx, and liner temperatures. Because of the high inlet temperature and low overall temperature rise, dynamic pressure activity was low. Following a successful inspection after 6000 hours of operation, the hardware inspection interval has been set at 12000 hrs.