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Meza, Cerda María Ignacia. "Desarrollo de un Elisa indirecto con antígeno LPS-R de Brucella abortus cepa RB51, para el diagnóstico serológico de brucelosis canina." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/134172.
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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico Veterinario<br>El diagnóstico definitivo y específico de la brucelosis en caninos, causada por Brucella canis (B. canis), se realiza mediante el aislamiento de la bacteria desde muestras patológicas o fluidos. Sin embargo, como la enfermedad se caracteriza por presentar periodos abacterémicos, un cultivo negativo no excluye la posibilidad de infección. Debido a que se utiliza ampliamente la detección de anticuerpos frente a la infección y que tanto B. ovis y B. canis comparten componentes antigénicos con la cepa vacuna Brucella abortus RB51 (B. abortus CRB51), ésta podría ser usada como antígeno en el diagnóstico serológico de la enfermedad. En el presente estudio, se describe un enzimoinmunoensayo indirecto (ELISA-I) para el serodiagnóstico de brucelosis canina utilizando un extracto altamente purificado de lipopolisacárido rugoso (LPS-R) de Brucella abortus CRB51, cuyos resultados fueron comparados con la técnica contrainmunoelectroforesis (CIEF) que utiliza un antígeno extraído de una cepa rugosa de B. ovis, con diferentes componentes, incluyendo al LPS-R. En este estudio se incluyeron 156 sueros de perro, muestras para diagnóstico de brucelosis canina mediante CIEF, que fueron recibidas en el laboratorio de Microbiología de FAVET. El análisis de los resultados indicó asociación estadística entre ambas pruebas (p>0,05) para el diagnóstico de brucelosis canina. Además, ambas pruebas obtuvieron un alto índice de concordancia (K= 0,961). Estos resultados hacen del ELISA-I propuesto una prueba promisoria al utilizar un antígeno más purificado y entregar resultados cuantitativos
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Jelena, Nađpal. "Fitohemijski skrining i biološka aktivnost ekstrakata i tradicionalnih proizvoda od plodova divljih ruža (Rosa L.;Rosaceae)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104437&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Cilj ove doktorske disertacije predstavljalo je ispitivanje fitohemijskog sastava i biološke aktivnosti vodenih i metanolnih ekstrakata svežih i suvih plodova, kao i voćne kaše i džema pripremljenih po tradicionalnoj recepturi od plodova šest samoniklih vrsta <em>Rosa L.: R. canina, R. dumalis, R. dumetorum, R. tomentosa, R. arvensis, R. sempervirens. </em>Ispitivanje fitohemijskog sastava obuhvatalo je LC -MS/MS analizu 64 odabrana fenolna jedinjenja, hinske kiseline (organske kiseline) kao i tri triterpenoida. Takođe, izvršeno je spektrofotometrijsko određivanje sadržaja ukupnih fenolnih i flavonoidnih jedinjenja, kao i vitamina C. Evaluacija biološke aktivnosti obuhvatala je in vitro ispitivanja antioksidantne i antiinflamatorne aktivnosti, kao i ispitivanje uticaja ekstrakata odabranih vrsta Rosa na aktivnost enzima acetilholinesteraze i rast tumorskih i netumorskih ćelija. Sumiranjem dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da sveži i suvi plodovi ispitivanih vrsta <em>Rosa</em>, kao i voćne kaše i džemovi predstavljaju značajan izvor vitamina C i fenolnih jedinjenja, sa elagnom kiselinom kao najzastupljenijom fenolnom komponentom. Takođe u pojedinim ekstraktima vrsta<em> R. dumetorum</em> i<em> R. tomentosa</em> detektovana je visoka koncentracija ursolne kiseline, dok je hinska kiselina prisutna u značajnoj koncentraciji u svim ispitivanim ekstraktima. Ekstrakti ispitivanih vrsta, izuzev vrste<em> Rosa arvensis</em>, pokazali su visok antioksidantni potencijal koji se ogleda u njihovoj sposobnosti neutralizacije nekoliko radikalskih vrsta, redukcionom potencijalu i sposobnosti inhibicije lipidne peroksidacije. Ispitivani ekstrakti ispoljili su umerenu antiinflamatornu aktivnost u pogledu inhibicije produkcije odabranih metabolita ciklooksigenaznog (12-HHT, TXB<sub>2</sub>, PGE<sub> 2</sub>) i 12-lipooksigenaznog (12-HETE) metaboličkog puta arahidonske kiseline, posebno prostaglandina E . Takođe, in vitro ispitivanjem uticaja ekstrakata odabranih vrsta Rosa na aktivnost acetilholinesteraze pokazana je umerena aktivnost. Vodeni ekstrakti i ekstrakti voćnih kaša vrsta <em>R. canina, R. tomentosa i R. sempervirens</em> pokazali su umereni inhibitorni potencijal prema rastu HeLa ćelijske linije, dok su ekstrakti vrste <em>R. sempervirens </em>pokazali aktivnost i prema HT-29 ćelijama. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na značajni potencijal plodova i tradicionalnih proizvoda ispitivanih vrsta <em>Rosa</em> za upotrebu u proizvodnji nutraceutika i funkcionalne hrane.<br> The aim of presented doctoral thesis was investigation of phytochemical composition and biological activity of water and methanol extracts of fresh and air- dried rose hips, as well as purée and jam made according to traditional recipe of hips of six wild growing<em> Rosa L. species: R. canina, R. dumalis, R. dumetorum, R</em>. <em>tomentosa, R. arvensis, and R. sempervirens.</em> Examination of phytochemical composition included LC-MS/MS analysis of 64 selected phenolic compounds, quinic acid (organic acid) and three triterpenoids. Also, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as vitamin C contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Biological activity evaluation of extracts of six <em>Rosa</em> species included in vitro investigation of antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase and cytotoxic activity. According to obtained results, fresh and air-dried rose hips, as well as their preserves present valuable source of vitamin C and phenolic compounds, especially ellagic acid, which was the most abundant examined phenolic compound. Furthermore, high concentration of ursolic acid was detected in some<em> Rosa </em> <em>tomentosa and R. rumetorum</em> extracts, while notable concentration of quinic acid was present in all examined extracts. Extracts of all examined species, apart from <em>Rosa arvensis</em>, showed considerable antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging ability, reduction potential and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, extracts exhibited moderate anti- inflammatory activity by means of inhibition of the main arachidonic acid metabolites formed incyclooxygenase-1 (12-HHT, TXB<sub>2</sub>, PGE <sub>2</sub> ) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-HETE) pathway, especially prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> . Also, investigation of anti- cetylcholinesterase activity revealed moderate activity of extracts of all examined species. In addition, predominantly water extracts of fresh andair-dried rose hips, as well as purée of<em> R</em>. <em>canina, R. tomentosa </em>and <em>R. sempervirens</em> showed inhibitory activity toward HeLa, while <em>R.sempervirens</em> extracts also inhibited HT-29 cell growth. Presented results indicate significant potential of examined rose hips and their preserves for use as nutraceuticals and functional food.
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Grandpré, François de. "Proposition d'une modélisation du système touristique régional (M. T. R. ) et application au Québec." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32040.
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La thèse porte sur deux aspects complémentaires du développement touristique des régions. D'abord le découpage du territoire, ensuite l'identification et la validation des éléments qui forment le système touristique régional et son fonctionnement. Le constat d'un manque de connaissances adaptées aux défis du développement touristique des régions est à l'origine de cette recherche. Cette absence se fait sentir tant sur le plan conceptuel que structurel et instrumental. L'objectif de l'étude est de mettre au point un modèle opérationnel et valider du fonctionnement du tourisme en région. Le Québec sert de terrain d'enquête et de validation. Une des principales contributions théoriques de cette étude est de fournir un modèle intégré et validé du système touristique régional<br>The dissertation examines two complementary aspects of regional tourism development. First, it explores the delimitation of the territory, and then the identification and validation of the elements which make up the regional tourism system and its operation. A lack of conceptual and structural models adapted to the challenges faced by regional tourism development is the basis for this research. These shortcomings are present in conceptual, structural and instrumental aspects of tourism. Hence, the purpose of the study is to develop an operational and validated model of regional tourism. Quebec is used as the ground of investigation and validation. The main theoretical contribution of this study is to provide an integrated and validated model of the regional tourism system
4
Smith, Dean Travis. "Discretionary capitalisation of R&D expenditures in Canada and Australia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ38271.pdf.
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Gong, Ming-Peng. "Classification of nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension 7, over algebraically closed fields and R." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0009/NQ30613.pdf.
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Campbell, Zoe. "The impact of trade reform on the research and development incentives for Canadian dairy producers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2451.
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Canada has long been a proponent of free trade while at the same time defending the current supply management system that protects the dairy industry from import competition. In the most recent Doha Development Round of talks amongst nations belonging to the World Trade Organization, the validity of Canada's protectionist position has been questioned and it is conceivable that Canada may have to make significant changes in the dairy industry to allow more liberal trade policies to be enacted. The key purpose of this study is to find out how free trade will affect the research and development (R&D) incentives of Canadian dairy farmers. On one hand they may be induced to perform more R&D due to competition effects in order to lower costs and achieve a competitive advantage over the main competitor, the United States. On the other hand they may be induced to perform less R&D due to the spillover effect, which allows the Canadian R&D efforts to be used by the United States at no additional cost. It is found that the outcome of these two opposing forces depends on the market scale effect. If Canada is a net importer when the border opens the spillover effect may dominate and Canadian dairy producers may invest less into R&D than under the current protectionist policies. These results however will switch if Canada is found to be the net exporters. The results also depend on the level of the quota currently in place. If the current quota is chosen at a quantity relatively close to the amount supplied at the monopolistic level, a free trade regime may promote R&D efforts more so than supply management. On the other hand, if the current quota level in Canada is closer to the quantity that would be supplied in a competitive industry, Canadian dairy producers may invest less heavily in R&D efforts under a free trade regime than a supply management system.
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Evans, Aaron Blake. "Frozen fish rights, a socio-legal analysis of R. v. Gladstone, R. v. Van der Peet & R. v. N.T.C. smokehouse, at the Supreme Court of Canada, 1995-1996." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37524.pdf.
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Lawlor, Nuala. "The Heritage Minutes, the Charles R. Bronfman Foundation's construction of the Canadian identity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0017/MQ54996.pdf.
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De, Varennes Benoit. "Ex-vivo canine heart preservation : metabolic studies." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56680.
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The recently developed method of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows for continuous monitoring of high energy phosphate compound (ATP and Phosphocreatine) and intracellular pH of tissues or whole organs. In other to better understand why ex-vivo hearts can be preserved for longer periods when perfused with oxygenated crystalloid solutions under hypothermic conditions, two groups of canine hearts were studied with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.<br>Group 1 = Canine hearts preserved for 4 hours by immersion into a 4$ sp circ$C saline solution.<br>Group 2 = Canine hearts preserved for 24 hours by continuous coronary perfusion with a modified oxygenated Krebs solution at 4$ sp circ$C.<br>The longer preservation of ATP and phosphocreatine, as well as the slower decrease of intracellular pH in Group II hearts are hypothesized to be the reasons why perfused hearts can be preserved for longer periods of time.
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Rodriguez, Naranjo Gloria Estella. "Personal a/r/tographic narratives of cultural displacement : in Latino American immigrants living in Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43217.
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Immigration is the act of moving to and settling into a new country. It means starting again while leaving many people and things behind. This phenomenon has been embraced, embodied, lived, celebrated and suffered by many people for various reasons throughout history. Factors such as war and political oppression, poor living conditions, economic opportunity and stability are explanations for why people decide to leave their native countries. Therefore, immigration embodies loss of one’s culture but at the same time embodies celebration for enhanced opportunities, when arriving and adjusting to the codes of a new system. Understanding cultural displacement as the sensation of being in a third space, of having to re-invent yourself again, adjusting day-by-day to a new culture, this study examines how Latin American immigrants to Canada confront cultural displacement.
Applying a/r/tography and photo-elicitation as research methodologies the study sets up conditions for participants to engage and construct meaning together about being away from home. This research analyzes the extent to which Latin American immigrants to Canada negotiate being in-between these two spaces (their country of origin and Canada). It does this primarily through the creation of a series of photographs and conversations.
Some of the findings reveal that indeed Latin American immigrants acknowledge that the process of settlement in a foreign land is complicated and it takes time to adjust and understand the culture. At the same time Latin American immigrants admit the importance of comprehending, cultivating and embracing Canadian culture, in order to merge easily in its communities. Similarly, the findings unfold the way participants created their own version of what it means to be Canadians rather than learning simply from others about its significance. As immigrants, the group I studied kept some features of Latin cultures alive in Canada, in this way, the study presents a new understanding of what is possible while dwelling in the in-between.
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Teixeira, Rute Saraiva Canejo dos Santos Rodrigues. "Human-canine dyads : identifying dysfunctional relationships, a portuguese case." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18208.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias na Especialidade de Clínica<br>The human-dog dyad is thought to be the oldest existing domestic partnership and is generally
mutually beneficial for both members of the partnership. Dysfunction in the human-dog dyad,
however, produces serious consequences for each member of the partnership and also for
society at large. Research into these relationships has addressed only the consequences of
dysfunction, making prevention difficult. This project set out to evaluate the possibility of
pre-emptively identifying dysfunction in such dyads by using dog health histories easily
available in clinical contexts. To that end, the researcher developed a simple, one-page
questionnaire that was disseminated in the greater metropolitan areas of Lisbon, Portugal, and
was made available online. By identifying a dog’s biting history, trauma, or involvement in a
vehicular accident, the researcher was able to suggest the possibility of the dog’s involvement
in a dysfunctional dyad. To classify the canine behaviour traits essential for establishing the
general characteristics of dysfunctional dyads, the researcher developed the European
Portuguese Canine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ). The
psychometric properties were evaluated, and the instrument showed excellent to respectable
consistency. The result was a canine behavioural questionnaire that established 13 different
personality traits. A more extensive questionnaire was then administered to the same
population in Lisbon, Portugal, aimed at identifying husbandry and noting dog and human
characteristics within dysfunctional dyads. The results suggest that dogs housed on verandas
or on plots of land, dogs that were fed diets purchased at agricultural cooperatives, dogs with
C-BARQ scores showing high owner-directed aggression (ODA), dog-directed
agressoion/fear (DAF) and dog rivalry (DR) were more likely to be part of dysfunctional
dyads. Similarly, owners with high neuroticism scores and low lie/social desirability scores on
the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R) were also more likely to be part of these
partnerships. These characteristics were then used to develop two predicative models – the
Predicted Dysfunction with Dog and Owner Characteristics (PDDOC) and the Predicted
Dysfunction with Dog Characteristics (PDDC) – that successfully predicted dysfunction in
79.7% and 80.1% of cases respectively. These findings reveal the feasibility of pre-emptively
identifying dysfunctional human-dog dyads. As a result, this pre-emptive identification can be
used to take preventative action – specifically the development of educational programs, the
improvement of human-dog pairings, and the equipping of veterinarians to better prevent
and/or correct dysfunction.<br>RESUMO - A díade homem-cão é considerada a mais antiga parceria doméstica, sendo tida como
mutualmente benéfica para ambos os membros. Quando estas díades se tornam disfuncionais
pode haver sérias consequências, não apenas para os membros da díade, mas para a sociedade
no seu todo. A disfuncionalidade de díades tem sido abordada em diversos estudos, contudo
somente após se terem sentido as suas consequências nefastas, o que dificulta o processo de
implementação de medidas preventivas. Este projecto teve como objetivo a sua identificação
precoce, usando para isso, o historial de saúde do animal disponibilizado em contexto clínico.
Foi desenvolvido um questionário sucinto de uma página, o qual foi distribuído a
proprietários em Centros de Atendimento Médico-Veterinário (CAMV) na Área
Metropolitana de Lisboa e também em formato online. A identificação de ocorrência de
mordedura, trauma ou atropelamento foi associado a díade disfuncional. Foi desenvolvido o
European Portuguese Canine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire – C-BARQ
(Questionário de Investigação e Avaliação de Comportamento Canino) com o intuito de
estabelecer bases gerais que permitissem classificar alguns aspetos do comportamento canino.
Avaliaram-se as propriedades psicométricas e o instrumento mostrou um intervalo de
consistência do respeitável ao excelente. O resultado final foi um questionário de
comportamento canino que estabeleceu 13 traços de personalidade diferentes. Administrou-se
seguidamente um questionário mais extenso à mesma população, mas agora com a finalidade
de identificar características tanto do homem como do cão nestas díades disfuncionais.
Observou-se que cães alojados em varandas ou em terrenos, alimentados com rações
compradas em cooperativas agrícolas ou que apresentaram valores elevados nos scores de
ODA, DAF e DR no C-BARQ, têm uma maior tendência de fazer parte de uma díade
disfuncional. Proprietários que no questionário de personalidade humana, EPQ-R
apresentaram um valor elevado em neuroticismo e baixo em mentira/desejabilidade social
também partilham esta tendência. Estas características foram então usadas no
desenvolvimento de dois modelos preditivos (PDDOC e PDDC), cujos resultados previram
disfunções em 79,7% e 80,1% dos casos, respetivamente. Estes resultados, possibilitarão o
desenvolvimento de programas educacionais, escolha mais informada na adoção de animais
em abrigos, bem como dar aos médicos veterinários ferramentas para identificar e
eventualmente prevenir e/ou corrigir algumas destas disfunções.<br>N/A
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Pusch, John J. "Monetary aggregation in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22623.
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This thesis is an empirical comparison of the relationship between money and other key economic variables and investigates an alternative method of defining money in Canada. Severe theoretical problems with traditional monetary aggregation methods are identified and Divisia aggregates are examined through the use of index number and aggregation theory. Summation and Divisia aggregates are constructed, tested and compared in three critical areas: information content, causality and stability. In particular this thesis investigates whether Divisia money is a potentially useful indicator of economic conditions. The data consists of Canadian quarterly observations for the period 1968.1 to 1989.4 for 26 different monetary assets and their own rates of return. The Divisia indices do not clearly outperform their summation counterparts but do show consistent and stable growth trends during the period in question. The results show that Divisia monetary aggregation is theoretically more appealing than the simple sum approach and that Divisia money provides meaningful information for Canadian monetary policy.
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Guilmette, Marianne. "Impact d'une pollinisation assistée sur la production fruitière du Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23610/23610.pdf.
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La domestication du sureau du Canada pour la production de ses petits fruits stimule, depuis quelques années, l’étude des principaux facteurs de régie de culture de cet arbuste. Ce mémoire présente une étude de l’impact de la pollinisation assistée sur la mise à fruit du sureau du Canada (Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli). Des études exploratoires sur la floraison ont d’abord été réalisées avant d’entreprendre des essais sur les limitations potentielles de la mise à fruit par la pollinisation. Suite à la caractérisation de la période de floraison et à la mise au point d’un test de viabilité du pollen, l’influence de la quantité et de la source du pollen a été étudié à l’aide d’une technique de pollinisation assistée. Des expériences au champ ainsi qu’en serre ont permis de vérifier l’effet positif d’un apport supplémentaire de pollen chez des plants indigènes et ont également démontré des phénomènes d’incompatibilité partielle chez des plants indigènes et chez certains cultivars.
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Palaniappan, Uma. "Methodological challenges and interpretation of dietary data from the 1997-1998 food habits of Canadians survey." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83086.
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The Food Habits of Canadians Survey, conducted in 1997--1998 examined food and nutrient intakes of non-institutionalized adults aged 18--65 years (n = 1543) randomly selected from across Canada using the multi-stage random sampling strategy. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-h recall and a repeat interview was conducted in a sub-sample (n = 446). The overall response rate was 26%. Males, younger age adults (18--34 years), single persons and those with lower education levels were underrepresented in the study sample thus limiting the generalizability of the study results. Examination of the characteristics of the selected areas (n = 63) by response rates, indicated that areas with a higher percentage below the low income cut-off level, higher percentage who moved residence in the past 5 years and higher percentage speaking non-official languages as the mother-tongue were associated with low response rates. Additionally, areas with lower percentage females were associated with low response rates indicating that depending on the community characteristics different approaches may be needed to enhance response rates. Within- to between-subject variance ratios for several nutrients were higher when adjusted for age, gender, education, season, smoking and size of family compared to the crude ratios (e.g. for energy 1.07 vs. 0.49 for males). As a result, more days would be needed to reliably estimate usual intake once the data are appropriately adjusted. Examination of the within- to between-subject variability ratios for nutrients by smoking status indicated that the diet of smokers was no more variable than that of non-smokers. However, smokers had higher intakes of total fat (p < 0.05) and saturated fat (p < 0.05) and lower intakes of folate (p < 0.05) and vitamin C (p < 0.05). Smokers also had lower intakes of fruit and vegetables compared to non-smokers (p < 0.05). Given these differences, diet may be a confounder in studies examining smoking
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Gidengil, Elisabeth 1947. "Class and region in Canadian voting behaviour : a dependency interpretation." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72842.
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Dang-Tan, Tam 1976. "Epidemiology of delays in care of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115664.
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Background: Although rare relative to adult cancers, cancer is still the leading cause of disease-related death in children in developed countries, including Canada. Few studies have specifically examined the epidemiology and public health significance of diagnosis and treatment delays in childhood cancer. This study aimed to investigate the nature of delays in care for children and adolescents with cancer in Canada and to assess the potential impact of such delays on clinical outcomes.<br>Study Design: I conducted a prospective cohort study to investigate the delays of cancer symptoms reporting, diagnosis, and treatment in children between 0-19 years of age in Canada. This study used a database from Health Canada's Treatment and Outcomes component of the Canadian Childhood Cancer Surveillance and Control Program.<br>Methodology: Patients were identified from 17 paediatric cancer centres across Canada. Subjects included in this study were residents of Canada, aged less than 20 years, diagnosed with a malignant tumour and had information on date of first symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and outcome available. Descriptive statistics and regression techniques (linear, logistic and Cox regression) were used as appropriate. I measured the individual impact of patient and provider delays on disease severity and prognosis by using judicious control for potential confounding mechanisms and mediating factors.<br>Study Findings and Significance: By measuring various types of delays in Canada, I found that varying lengths of patient and referral delay, across age groups, types of cancers, and Canadian settings, are the main contributors to diagnosis, HCS and overall delay. Factors relating to the patients, the parents, healthcare and the cancer may all exert different influences on different segments of cancer care. I also found a negative association between diagnosis delay and disease severity for lymphoma and CNS tumour patients. Furthermore, I found that diagnosis and physician delay had a negative effect, while patient delay had a positive effect, on survival for patients diagnosed with CNS tumours. The information provided from this study may form the basis for new effective policies aimed at eliminating obstacles in cancer the diagnostic and care trajectories for Canadian children with cancer and for improving their prognosis.
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Raco, Antoinette. "Level of involvement, roles and family values of Italian grandmothers subsequent to the divorce of an adult child." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68130.
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This study investigated the effects of family structure on Italian grandmothers' perceptions of their level of involvement, role conceptualizations and their positions on common familial issues. The sample consisted of Italian grandmothers from two groups of families: intact families (N = 30) in which grandmothers' adult children were in first marriages; and divorced families (N = 23) in which grandmothers' adult children were permanently separated or divorced. Level of involvement was operationalized in terms of contact, specifically frequency of visitation and telephone calls, between a grandparent and a grandchild. Variables that have been found to influence contact (a grandparent's custodial and kinship relationships, geographic distance, age of both grandparent and grandchild, and grandparent-parent accord) were also assessed. A grandparent's role within the family was operationalized in terms of their level of agreement to statements made by grandparents about their roles as involved family members, special protectors of grandchildren, available family members, conveyers of cultural traditions, and family "watchdogs". A grandparent's view with respect to contemporary family issues was assessed through their responses to statements about contemporary family life. The results indicate that contact was significantly greater between grandmothers and grandchildren in the intact as opposed to the divorced group. Grandmothers' roles within the family as well as their attitudes towards various family issues were not found to differ across family type. The findings were discussed in light of cultural and ethnic perspectives on divorce.
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Warman, Richard. "He who votes decides nothing --." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81241.
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What is the meaning of the right to vote, and the concurrent right to play a meaningful role in the electoral process as guaranteed by s. 3 and informed by the equality provisions of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? These questions, and whether the current Canada Elections Act adequately respects them are considered in light of jurisprudence concerning democratic rights including the Supreme Court's recent Figueroa decision.<br>The English Jenkins Commission is examined, as are the lessons to be learned from the experiences of Germany, South Africa, Italy, and New Zealand with proportional representation voting. At home, the tentative steps toward voting reform in Quebec, British Columbia, PEI, and the work of the Law Commission of Canada are discussed. Finally, basic goals for voting reform are suggested and measured against model recommendations. The prospects for reform ultimately depend on a rebalancing of the values of democracy and power.
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Johnston, Sarah Ann. "A theoretical analysis of the impact of privatization upon corrections in Canada from a critical perspective /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59619.
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Privatization of federal correctional services in Canada is extensive. It has gained considerable momentum since the present Conservative government came into power in 1984. Privatization has allowed the government to cut costs, but has not addressed the underlying issue: the high rate of delinquency. The author argues that, in the future, correctional services will not be purely private, but neither will they be wholly public. Correctional services and the operational aspects of corrections will involve a mix of the public and private sectors. Privatization will have its largest impact on concrete auxiliary services of the Correctional Service of Canada; to a lesser degree it will have an impact upon all or most post-release programmes. However, privatization should not affect penitentiaries that are classified as medium security and higher.
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Iancu, Dan M. "Distribution of alveolar edema in ventilated and unventilated canine lung lobes." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55502.
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Ventilation is frequently used in the treatment of cardiogenic and increased permeability pulmonary edema. The effects of ventilation on the computed tomography (CT) density distribution of pulmonary edema are unclear. We hypothesized that ventilation might open up previously collapsed alveoli with consequent reduced lung density, and that some movement of the alveolar edema fluid might also occur from the alveoli to the interstitium. To address this problem, pulmonary edema was induced in 16 supine dogs by airways instillation of a protein solution similar to serum in each lower lung lobe through a double lumen tracheal tube. The dogs were ventilated only on the left side for 1 min (n = 4), 30 min (n = 6) or 60 min (n = 6). The lower lobes were excised, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and imaged in a CT scanner. Representative regions of interest (ROI) were chosen and tissue sections from corresponding regions were taken for extravascular lung water (Qwl/dQl) and regional blood measurements, and for histology to grade interstitial and alveolar edema. There was a significant (P $<$ 0.05) fall in the CT density of the left lower lobes compared with the right lower lobes in the groups ventilated 30 and 60 min, but no differences in Qwl/dQl or blood content. The histological grading showed a trend (P = 0.054) for more interstitial edema in the left lower lobes in the 60 min ventilation group compared with left lower lobes in the 1 min ventilation group. These data show that in our model of instilled alveolar edema, ventilation acts primarily by increasing aeration by 30 min and that it has a minor role in moving fluid to the interstitium.
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Easton, Paul A. "Differential function of costal and crural diaphragm in the awake canine." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41004.
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These investigations examined the relative function of costal and crural diaphragm segments. This work produced the first direct measurements of length and electromyogram (EMG) of the diaphragm in an awake, intact animal.<br>Examination of diaphragm function following laparotomy revealed a consistent pattern of postoperative segmental recovery, and showed the inadequacy of EMG alone as an indicator of diaphragm activity. Segmental contraction during airway occlusion was confirmed to be non-isometric and different per segment. The basic relation between segmental velocity of shortening and mean inspiratory flow, was confirmed for diaphragm but not for intercostal musculature. Anesthesia produced a distinctive alteration in the resting length of crural compared to costal segment, suggesting a difference in inherent segmental tonic activity. Costal and crural activity during hypoxic and hypercapnic stimulated breathing revealed different, stimulant-specific activities of the segments; hypoxia elicited prominent crural post inspiratory activity (PIIA). During thermal panting, peak crural shortening was out of phase with costal shortening and inspiratory airflow. This unique segmental asynchrony may represent a natural analog to high frequency ventilation.<br>We conclude that costal and crural diaphragm segments can function as individual segment-muscles, exhibiting distinctive, differential activities under certain conditions of respiration.
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Gauthier, Anne 1952. "Essai sur les politiques sociales et le travail domestique." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63947.
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Gray, Colleen Allyn. "Captives in Canada, 1744-1763." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69625.
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The captivity narratives have long been recognized as an important literary source. Most recently, scholars have viewed them in terms of their ethnographic value. Few, however, have considered them within the context of the history of New France.<br>This study attempts to draw attention to the richness and diversity of these documents. The chapters, built upon the basis of similarities among the narratives, explore different facets of the French colony during the years 1744-1763. Specifically, they discuss techniques of military interrogation, the Quebec prison for captives (1745-1747), French-Indian relations and how the writers of these tales viewed both the war and their enemies.
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Martchenko, Mikhail. "Postgenomic studies of Candida albicans." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103029.
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We assembled the genome of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans into eight chromosomes, and annotated each of its genes. A genome comparison with Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed an increased number of C. albicans superoxide dismutase genes. We analyzed the expression patterns and the function of one of these genes, SOD5, whose role is to protect the pathogen against extracellularly produced, neutrophil-generated superoxide radicals. Comparative genomics also showed that although many of the C. albicans transcription factors, such as Gal4p and Gcn4p, have homologues in S. cerevisiae, the sequence similarities occur only in the DNA binding motifs of those proteins. Deletion analysis of CaGcn4 and CaGal4 proteins show that the N' and C' termini respectively are needed for their transactivation ability. These two transactivation regions show no sequence similarity to the equivalent domains in their S. cerevisiae homologues, and the two C. albicans transactivatiog domains themselves show little similarity. A comparative analysis of the transcriptional machinery between C. albicans and S. cerevisiae showed low sequence similarity of the mediator complex that bridges activation domains of transcription factors to the RNA polymerase II complex. We performed a comparison of intergenic DNA regions to identify the cis-regulatory elements from Candida and Saccharomyces species to examine the organization of the transcriptional regulatory networks between these two organisms. We observed that the C. albicans GAL genes lack Gal4p binding sites, but that such sites are found upstream of telomeric genes and genes involved in glycolysis, and we show that CaGal4p regulates the expression of those genes. We identified the regulatory DNA sequences in the promoters of GAL genes, including a GAL-specific palindrome necessary for GAL10˛ expression. Cph1p, the C. albicans homolog of the Ste12p transcription factor controlling pheromone-induced gene expression in yeast, acts through this GAL-specific palindrome, functioning as an activator in the presence of galactose. This shows C. albicans and S. cerevisiae can regulate the same process by different regulatory circuits.
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Olivieri, Javier Alejandro. "Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) : the engine of Canada's economy : the legal framework of three sensitive spheres for SMES' growth : financing, taxation and international trade." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80944.
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It is widely believed that small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs"), acting as a source of innovation and job creation, play a key role in the economy of Canada.<br>The legal framework which regulates SMEs' activities is vast. This thesis focuses on the legal framework and most important aspects of three critical areas: financing, taxation and international trade.<br>After describing and interpreting the legal framework of these areas and the information obtained from public and private institutions which are considered key in these issues, this thesis presents conclusions in relation to the question of how and in what way, if any, the current legislative and regulatory framework relating to SMEs contributes to the growth and prosperity of SMEs and to the importance of such a framework to SMEs' success and growth.
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Luchenski, Serena. "Gender differences in socioeconomic inequalities in health : trends in Canada, 1994-2003." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101866.
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Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in health are ubiquitous in developed countries; however, the modifying effect of gender on the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health over time is less clear. The potentially different health effects of changes in SEP on changes in health for working-age women and men are examined over a 10-year period. Three main questions are addressed: (1) are there gender differences in health over time, (2) do changes in SEP lead to health inequalities and (3) do changes in SEP impact health differently for women and men? Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the Canadian National Population Health Survey for four measures of health, number of chronic conditions, self-rated health, functional health, and psychological distress, and three measures of SEP, income, education and employment status. Men and women in this nationally-representative sample of Canadians do not differentially embody changes in SEP, though both gender and SEP independently impact health.
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Vallée, Chantal N. "Building a successful program : perspectives of expert Canadian female coaches of team sports." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29524.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of expert coaches on the key elements for building their successful programs. Five female expert Canadian university coaches of team sports were individually interviewed with an open-ended approach. Data were analysed inductively, following the guidelines of Cote, Salmela, Baria, and Russell (1993) and of Cote, Salmela, and Russell (1995). The results of the analysis identified four key elements for the building of a successful program. First, coaches possessed a variety of personal attributes that enabled them to display appropriate leadership. Second, coaches possessed thorough organisational skills from which they set goals, planned the season, and prepared their team for games. Third, coaches had a personal desire to foster their players' individual growth, by empowering them and teaching them life skills. Finally, the aforementioned elements were interrelated and linked together by the coaches' vision, without which success was unlikely. Data also showed the correspondence of these four elements with a transformational leadership style that has been successfully used in business, military, industry, and educational settings.
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Mayer, Jeremy. "With dads around, kids are sound : assessing the effects of a fathers' support program with military fathers." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84094.
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The goal of this study was to learn more about the experience of Canadian military fathers who participated in a fathers' support group entitled "With Dads Around, Kids Are Sound." An explorative, semi-structured, qualitative design was applied to gain understanding of the participants' perspectives. The sample consisted of seven military fathers. The researcher also interviewed three wives in an attempt to corroborate some of the findings. The two main reasons that brought fathers into the group were role conflict and wanting to prevent family problems. Based on comments received, the program was found to be effective in supporting military fathers. Key elements noted by participants include normalization, peer support, and learning ways to prevent dysfunctional family patterns. Recommendations to improve the program include making it a continuous opportunity---including a specific chapter on military lifestyle---and being more flexible with the content to allow for more peer support-type discussion. Implications for social work practice, policy, and research are also discussed.
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Fung, Annie H. "Low income rental housing in Canada : policies, programs and livability." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56994.
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The government has through many legislations initiated programs to provide housing for those who cannot afford housing in the private market. From 1945, the government has continuously tried to fulfill those housing needs and to improve living conditions. This thesis is an overview of the policies, programs and livability of low rental housing in Canada.<br>This study is divided into three parts. In the first part, there is a factual description of the circumstances and policies that have influenced the development of low rental housing since 1945. The second part assesses the demand and tenant characteristics for such housing. Three types of low income housing: public housing, low rental housing and cooperatives, are compared to measure their merits. The third part analyses the design criteria for such housing with reference to projects built in Montreal, Quebec. Tenants' opinions on what is satisfactory in housing projects are discussed and appropriate management policies are suggested. In the conclusion, government policies of the past, and some recent developments are summarized, and future strategies suggested.
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Quesney, Consuelo Errázuriz. "Powerlessness and social isolation as a function of urban size in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59279.
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This thesis is a comparative, data-based analysis of the empirical validity of three competing sociological models of the psychological impact of size of place of residence. The theories subjected to statistical investigation are: the ecological school of Wirth (1938), the compositionalist approach of Gans (1962) and the subcultural arguments of Fischer (1976). A secondary data analysis of selected variables from the 1979 Canadian Quality of Life Survey forms the core of this thesis. Two dimensions of the potential psychological impact of urban size are examined: powerlessness, measured by an index variable of a "sense of personal competence" and social isolation, measured by a reported sense of loneliness and contacts with significant others. Consistent with the compositionalist model, the analysis of variance performed in this research shows no association between urban size and powerlessness, after controlling for socio-economic and demographic factors. Loneliness however, shows a curvilinear negatively sloped relationship with urban size after controlling for factors lending partial support to the subcultural model. Neighbourhood involvement exhibited a significant negative association with urban size. This finding, is attributable to the relative lack of importance of proximity in the urban setting which reduces neighbourhood contacts in favour of trans-local ones. Finally, when controlling for distance of residence of children living away from home, the effect of the size of place of residence on the frequency of contact with children living away from home, reported by the respondents was significantly reduced thus, partly supporting the subcultural model's proposition.
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Aregger, Ruth. "The impact of competition law on copyright law in new economy markets in Canada /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78198.
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The interface between copyright law and competition law has always been a topic of debate in legal and economic circles. Since the last decade however, new economy markets pose new challenges to this interface. Network effects, interconnectivity, rapid innovation, and excludability are characteristics of new economy markets. Particularly network effects can, in connection with copyright protection, increase market power and provoke competition authorities to monitor the exercise of copyrights.<br>This thesis contains an analysis of the background and underlying principles of Canadian copyright law and competition law. It gives an overview over their interface in the legislation and the impact of competition policy on copyright litigation. It also examines the Intellectual Property Enforcement Guidelines that were issued by the Canadian Competition Bureau in September 2000.<br>The thesis concludes that competition law and copyright law are complementary instruments that serve the same goals. The two bodies of law are drafted so that they would not oppose one another. Instead of curbing copyright protection through competition policy enforcement, new challenges posed by new economy markets should be met by rethinking copyright policy and protection in these markets.
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A, Bryan Catherine. "Mobility, risk and closure : unaccompanied and separated child asylum-seekers and the construction of "risk identity"." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115997.
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The purpose of this study is to decipher the means by which the identities of particular people, specifically unaccompanied and separated child asylum-seekers, are socially constructed as risk. Theorized here as "risk identity", this has occurred within a global context increasingly preoccupied with security. Racialized and imbued with ideological notions of citizenship, this preoccupation and the anxieties contained within it, are effectively yet unduly transferred onto individuals, who for a variety of reasons not innately related to security, are seen as undesirable. The "risk identity" classification becomes the means by Which their exclusion is legitimized and perpetuated. The increased movement of unaccompanied and separated children across international borders has occurred within this global context. Positioned largely in opposition to citizens of the industrialized west, unaccompanied and separated children seeking asylum in Canada are constructed as risk in myriad ways. Based on 13 interviews, 9 with stakeholders and 4 with youth, this study highlights four interconnected categories of risk, which serve to construct unaccompanied and separated minors as risk. These are anti-refugee discourse, anti-youth discourse, as it relates to juvenile justice discourse, prejudicial attitudes and the fear of difference, and securitization discourse.
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Ferron, Christian. "L'extension contractuelle du droit d'auteur par le biais de licences d'utilisation : analyse de la situation canadienne." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112601.
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Our study pertains to the contractual overridability of copyright by the use of end user licence agreements. Our analysis is divided into three parts: first, we try to solve which legislator is responsible of the contractual overridability of copyright according to Canadian federalism. In the second part, we examine the contractual overridability issue under copyright law and we consider multiple doctrines that can be used to protect the copyright balance and its exceptions. The third part, is devoted to the study of the contractual overridability under provincial private law.<br>Under copyright law, the most important remedies are definitely the copyright balance and exceptions imperativity and the copyright misuse doctrine. Private law can already be used to intervene under the true and informed consent requirements, the Consumer Protection Act specificities and the abuse of right theory.
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Hussein, Aseel Kamil. "MRI mensuration of the canine head : the effect of head conformation on the shape and dimensions of the facial and cranial regions and their components." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3689/.
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The selection for specific physical characteristics by dog breeders has resulted in the expression of undesirable phenotypes, either directly or indirectly related to the physical characteristic selected for. One conformation that was considered desirable is extreme brachycephalia, which is associated with secondary physical changes adversely affecting the airways, eyes and central nervous system. Using a large population of pet dogs having diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, I demonstrated that the most commonly used historical head phenotype indices (Stockard and Evans indices) can be determined on MR images. I furthermore conformed that olfactory bulb angulation can be used as an alternate for classification of dog into brachycephalic, mesaticephalic and dolichocephalic head shapes, with similar results to the historical indices. The advantages of olfactory bulb angulation are that it only requires a single midline MR image and inclusion of the entire nose is not required. Using the historical indices and olfactory bulb angulation I then examined the effect of increasing brachycephalia on the appearance and dimensions of the nasal and cranial cavity. I established that progressive ventral rotation of the olfactory bulb (increasing brachycephalia) resulted in an alteration in the shape and a reduction in cross-sectional area of the nasopharynx. Similarly, increasing brachycephalia resulted in a reduction in the dorsal area of the ethmoturbinates and a corresponding reduction in the midline area of the olfactory bulb, providing a potential explanation for reduced olfactory acuity in brachycephalic dogs. Finally, I examined the effect of head phenotype on the structures of the middle fossa, the 3rd ventricle, quadrigeminal cistern and interthalamic adhesion. Head phenotype had a lesser effect on these structures, while brain disease (in particular ventriculomegaly) has a substantial effect, the recognition of which I described. These results confirm the potential of olfactory bulb angulation and orientation for objectively determining head phenotype using in vivo MRI, in particular determining the degree of brachycephalia. The study also quantified the effect of brachycephalia on the nasal cavity and rostral and middle cranial fossae dimensions. The objective quantification of head phenotype provides a useful tool for selection of breeding animals to normalise extreme brachycephalia. This might reduce the incidence of the adverse effects associated with extreme brachycephalia.
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Girouard, Patrick. "On-farm evaluation of short-rotation forestry : economics of willow plantations and windbreaks in Central Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22733.
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The purpose of this thesis is the determination of a minimum market price for Short-Rotation Forestry (SRF) willow biomass grown in monoculture and windbreaks in Quebec and Ontario. Full cost budgeting was used and developed on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Harvest cycles of 3 and 4 years for monoculture plantations, and 8 years for windbreaks were investigated. Estimates for establishment and other preharvest costs were obtained from mid-sized (5 hectares) commercial SRF willow plots in Quebec and Ontario.<br>For the monoculture plantations, irrespective of cycle length, and using the base case figures, the final delivery cost of willow biomass ranged between 74-126 $/odMg and 63--109 $/odMg based on current and projected costs respectively. These hold for yields between 7 and 11 odMg/ha/yr. Moreover, the 4-year cycle was revealed to be more economically efficient than a 3-year cycle. Along with yield, the main cost factors affecting the economics of SRF monoculture plantations are: harvesting, transportation to a processing plant, land lease management. For the two major energy markets, ethanol and electricity production (biomass in replacement of coal), SRF willow biomass in monoculture plantations does not appear to be a viable feedstock given present technology and yields. In the short run, a more promising outlet for willow biomass is space heat production for small buildings, farm complexes, etc. In this market, many potential buyers can afford to pay a higher price for biomass than ethanol or electricity utilities.<br>In the windbreak system, biomass could be produced for between 44 and 68 $/odMg, assuming that yields between 12 to 20 odMg/ha/yr can be achieved. At this price, windbreak biomass is not a competitive feedstock for ethanol or electricity generation, but is attractive for space heat production. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Fewkes, Carolyn J. "The quality of work in Canada : changes in non-standard and standard work arrangements 1989 to 1994." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81490.
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The debate over the quality of work has been on-going for a number of years. Recently, non-standard work has figured predominantly in that debate. Some researchers have argued that the rise of non-standard work is evidence of the declining quality of work since it offers few benefits, little job security and lower incomes. Other research has indicated that it is the effect of job characteristics themselves that determine quality of work, whether in standard or non-standard employment. Other researchers have noted that it is the profile of workers in these jobs that is a good indicator of whether the employment is "good" or "bad" since most individuals who are from groups on the periphery of the labour force tend to be in jobs of lesser quality.<br>This study addresses the quality of work in the Canadian context from 1989 to 1994, by exploring its connection to all three of these theories: the rise of non-standard work, the decline of "good" job characteristics and the changing profile of workers in non-standard work. What was found may be an interesting trend. Non-standard employment is becoming more mainstream and may even be influencing the characteristics of standard employment. The demographic profile of non-standard workers is also beginning to resemble that of standard workers. It could be concluded that the quality of work is indeed shifting. However, it was difficult to determine whether the shifts were indeed long-term or indicative only of difficult economic times in Canada. The issue of job quality is complex and better definitions of quality of work and longer timeframes should be considered in future research, to better understand what was/is happening in the Canadian labour market. If non-standard employment is truly "bad" work and it continues to increase, there will be fundamental implications for the quality of work in Canada.
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Cloutier, Martin. "Households' expenditure patterns and income distribution in the Canadian agriculture and food industries : an input-output analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69544.
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The objective of the research was to demonstrate the need, feasibility and relevance of disaggregating by income group the endogenized household sector in the Canadian Input-Output (I-O) model. Personal expenditures and revenue sources were endogenized into Agriculture Canada's I-O open model. Two models were developed, Model 1 and Model 2. Model 1 was a closed model that assumed homogeneity among households. Model 2 relaxed the homogeneity assumption.<br>The superiority of Model 2 was empirically demonstrated by comparing the economic indicators generated by the models. The indicators of interest were industrial output, GDP at factor cost and the number of paid jobs. A sensitivity analysis investigated the impact of changes in wages and salaries and final demand on the models. Larger differences were found between the models when wages and salaries were stimulated. As hypothesized, Model 1 underestimated the contribution of the lowest wages and salaries group by 19.9 percent and overestimated the impact of the higher wages and salaries group by 19 percent. A $1 million increase in the final demand for agricultural, agri-food and petrochemical products was also simulated. The largest impacts on industrial output occurred when agricultural production was shocked ( $3.8 million). This was followed by agri-food products ($3.2 million) and petrochemical products ( $2.7 million). While differences in the models' estimates were minimal when changes in final demand were simulated, Model 2 generated additional information on the distribution of income.<br>In conclusion, the results generated by the I-O model with the disaggregated household sector, Model 2, were consistent with budget data and economic theory.
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Druhan, Patrick James. "Price asymmetry in the Canadian beef, chicken, and egg markets : implications for market power." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61188.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of market power in the marketing chain of the broiler chicken, egg, and beef industries in Canada. The principal method of analysis tested for the existence of asymmetry. Supplementary testing included estimates of markup equations, means and coefficients of variation, elasticities of demand and price transmission, and correlation coefficients.<br>The findings give retailers market power in Montreal and Toronto for chicken, and in Toronto, Edmonton, and Winnipeg for beef. Vancouver retail prices for chicken and eggs were statistically independent of prices at the other levels. Processors dominated producers in the chicken markets of Montreal and Toronto, and the Winnipeg beef market. Producers showed possible dominance in the Montreal egg market.<br>Symmetry occurred most often in the beef and egg markets; which share the character of flat or declining consumer demand conditions. The ability to exercise market power may be determined by strong demand coupled with institutional price-responsiveness.
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Liao, Weinian 1970. "Evolution of the payments system and the long-term demand for money in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85184.
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This dissertation starts by examining the evolution of the Canadian payments system from a historical perspective by reviewing the institutional evolution, as well as the development and adoption of some of the newest payment instruments. Two major trends in recent Canadian payment history are revealed, i.e., cash payments are being replaced by non-cash payments and paper-based payment instruments are being replaced by electronic payment instruments.<br>Next, we adopt a model proposed by Snellman et al. (2000) to conduct a Canadian study of the retail cash payment flows. The estimated results imply that the share of cash, as well as cheques, in overall retail payments in Canada has declined quite considerably. We then investigate the cash substitution process, as well as the electronification of payments in Canada using S-shaped growth curve models. Our results indicate that although the card payments will continue to further substitute for cash, cash will still remain the preferred medium of retail payments in Canada. However, approximately 80% of all payments are forecasted to be electronic in just 20 years.<br>This dissertation then extends the existing literature on the long-run money demand relationship in Canada by employing information on the payment technology development as an instrument variable to account for financial innovations that might have caused structural shifts in the money demand equation. The econometric methodology employed is cointegration and error-correction modelling. It is found that our measure of financial innovations removes most of the structural breaks in the money demand equation over the sample period. A unique and significant long-run money demand relationship is detected. The short-run dynamic specifications of the VECM system imply the weak exogeneity of output and interest rates.
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Lew, Marna R. "Building an educational community : the participation of international graduate students in civic engagement projects." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99731.
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In the next few years, the number of international students, including graduate students, in Canada is expected to increase considerably (Cudmore, 2005). Simultaneously, recent funding cuts to higher education in a more neoliberal policy climate leave these students with fewer services to facilitate their integration into the host community (Hellsten & Prescott, 2004; Trice, 2004). One important way in which students become integrated is by participating in civic engagement projects. This study examined how, in the current policy climate, international graduate students are taking part in such projects.<br>Based on semi-structured interviews with six international graduate students in the field of education in Quebec, the study showed that students embraced a more Deweyan perspective of education and successfully participated in civic engagement projects despite many challenges, such as an academic culture that provides little active support for their involvement in civic engagement activities. The study concludes with recommendations so that universities can provide such support.
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Williams, Sarah J. (Sarah Jane). "The impact of interest subsidies on Canadian farmland values." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26182.
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The objective of this study was to determine what impact, if any, interest rate subsidies have on the price of farmland in Canada. The basic capitalization model is used as a starting point for the development of several models. These econometric models are then estimated, using data from four provinces: Quebec, New Brunswick, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The time period studied is 1972 to 1991. The findings indicate that interest subsidies do in fact affect land values, however the effect is relatively small. There are large differences between provinces in terms of subsidy amount and consequently in terms of the effect of the subsidy programs on the value of land in each province.
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Gallagher, Stephen J. "State-society relations and the design and implementation of public policy : an application of the state-centered paradigm to a case study of the National Energy Program." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74282.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the relative influence of state and societal actors on public policy and, specifically, to determine the potential for state autonomy in Canada. To advance this project, two 'paradigms' of state-society relations are developed from an analysis of a range of contending theories of state-society relations. These include Eric Nordlinger's state autonomy theory, elitism, pluralism, and Marxism. The paradigms are then applied to a case study of the design and implementation of the petroleum related elements of the National Energy Program. We conclude that the Canadian state can demonstrate a significant degree of autonomy from societal influence using various strategies and resources which are generally unavailable to societal actors. The specific findings of our case study are that in the development and implementation of the NEP the greatest impediments on the federal government's autonomy arose, not from business interests or public pressure, but from the opposition of other state actors and the impact of market forces and international economic conditions.
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Dejmek, Andrea Theresa. "The Canadian Czech diaspora : bilingual and multilingual language inheritance and affiliations." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112332.
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The purpose of this qualitative study is to understand how children within a Canadian Czech diasporic context, create and discover their Czech heritage language and culture through meaningful active participation in areas provided within the constructs of a non traditional setting such as a summer camp. Five contextual areas of the camp were identified and studied. The areas are: activities, food, camp counselors, staff dynamics and location. Braziel and Mannur (2003) and Rampton's (1990) aspects of "language inheritance" and "language affiliation" inform the analysis.
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McDonald, Sheila 1971 Nov 17. "A lifecourse epidemiological study of dynamic family structure and child behavior : conceptualization and modeling issues." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115849.
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There is an accumulating body of evidence suggesting that being raised in a non-intact family may adversely affect child outcomes across a number of developmental domains. There are nevertheless questions re: interpretation for a number of methodological reasons ranging from conceptualization of exposure to analytic approach. Given the dynamic nature of family life for some children today, changes in family structure may need to be captured in a more comprehensive manner. The scientific question is how capturing dynamics of family structure can be achieved. Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), an ongoing longitudinal population survey following cohorts of Canadian children from infancy to adulthood across a number of domains of health and well-being. The sample comprised individuals aged 11-14 in cycle five of the NLSCY. We examined different approaches to conceptualizing and modeling the effect of the family structure effect based on previous studies in this area and from the lifecourse epidemiological literature. We examined the effects of current family structure, previous family structures, trajectories of family structure, and change in family structure on externalizing and internalizing behavior in pre-adolescence. We found that the validity of each approach was largely dependent on the specific research question at hand, with each one having its own advantages and disadvantages. Main methodological findings included confounding of the current family structure effect by previous experience, collinearity among family structure main effects, and low analytic power for trajectories. Guided by a conceptual diagram of the underlying causal structure, we also considered the time-varying nature of family income and employment status of the primary household respondent using inverse probability weighting to estimate the causal parameters of a marginal structural model. In one of our most sophisticated conceptualizations of family structure effects, we found that recent change in family structure had a statistically significant effect on the odds of externalizing behavior, OR (95% CI) = 2.95 (1.73-5.02). Overall, our substantive findings were tempered by methodological caveats, which have important implications for future studies in the area and for broader issues related to data collection, study design, and analysis.
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Han, Wei 1964. "Molecular electrophysiology underlying repolarization in canine cardiac purkinje cells : characterization and significance." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82889.
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Cardiac Purkinje fibers (PFs) play a very important role in cardiac electrophysiology. They are crucial for assuring appropriate timing and sequence of ventricle contraction and play an important role in cardiac arrhythmogenesis, largely via abnormalities in repolarization. Little work has been done to define the molecular electrophysiology of cardiac Purkinje cells (PCs). The primary hypothesis of this thesis was that PCs have unique molecular determinants of repolarization. The specific objectives were to characterize the repolarizing currents in isolated canine PCs, to clarify the molecular basis for these currents and to study role of PC current remodeling in a cardiac disease state. To achieve these goals, we used approaches at three different levels: the cellular level (with microelectrode techniques), the ionic level (with whole-cell patch clamp techniques) and molecular level (with competitive RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry).<br>We first optimized PC isolation techniques, which allowed us to characterize repolarizing currents and to visualize channel protein distribution by immunolocalization in cardiac PCs. We then characterized an important repolarizing current, the transient outward current (Ito) in canine PCs. We found that Purkinje Ito has some unique properties compared to those of atrial and ventricular Ito, suggesting a different molecular basis. We therefore characterized the expression of alpha-subunits encoding Ito-like currents and the K+-channel interacting protein 2 (KChIP2) beta-subunit. We demonstrated important differences in the expression of Kv3.4; encoding a TEA-sensitive Ito channel, and of KChIP2, that might play an important role in the specific molecular composition of Purkinje Ito. We also characterized another important repolarizing current, the delayed rectifier (IK) that had been reported to be absent or small in PCs. We found that I K· in PCs has properties typical of those observed in other regions of the heart; and IK channel subunits ERG, KvLQT1 and minK were more sparsely expressed in PCs than in ventricular muscle (VM), potentially explaining the tendency of PCs to generate arrhythmias due to abnormal repolarization. We also noted important differences in the expression of the Ca2+-channel subunits (Cav1.2, Cav3.1, 3.2 and 3.3), the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger subunit NCX1 and the hyperpolarization-activated channel subunits HCN1, 2 and 4. Studies in human PCs confirmed that some of the unique PC ionic properties observed in dogs are also present in man. Finally, we showed that an experimental cardiac disease paradigm (congestive heart failure) causes characteristic ionic remodeling in PCs that may explain their role in potentially lethal arrhythmias associated with heart failure.<br>Our findings support the hypothesis of a unique and important molecular basis for the control of repolarization in cardiac PCs.
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Mark, Heinz Juergen. "Regulation of foreign investment in Canada : the foreign investment review act and the Investment Canada Act." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66114.
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Stevenson, Amy L. "Lead levels and sources of exposure in migratory game birds after the implementation of lead-free shot in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79137.
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In Canada, regulations against the use of lead (Pb) shot for waterfowl hunting were first established in the early 1990s with the creation of a few non-toxic shot zones, and culminated with a national ban in 1997. Prior to establishment of the first non-toxic shot zones in Canada, a nation-wide survey of Pb accumulation in wing bones of young-of-the-year (YY) dabbling and diving ducks determined the incidence of elevated Pb exposure in different parts of the country (Scheuhammer & Dickson, 1996). The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of elevated Pb accumulation in the same species several years after the national ban on Pb shot; to survey waterfowl hunters to determine approximate levels of compliance with the Pb shot ban; and to use stable Pb isotope analysis to help determine the relative importance of different sources of Pb exposure.<br>Wing bones from 721 YY black, mallard, and ring necked ducks, and 579 YY woodcock from selected zones in Ontario, Quebec, BC, and the Maritimes, Canada were analyzed for Pb using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Barnard, G. A. (Geoffrey Alan). "Inter-industry wage differentials and the role of workers' concern for equity." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34696.
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This thesis seeks to add to the understanding of wage determination in Canada. Data from the Labour Market Activity Survey and the Survey of Displaced Workers are analysed to indicate the degree to which wages for workers of given observable characteristics vary across industries. Possible explanations for such differentials are considered, with market-clearing models argued to be unconvincing compared to the main alternative, efficiency-wage theory, which allows for a persistent distribution of labour rents across industries. In particular, the key mechanisms in versions of the efficiency-wage hypothesis appealing to workers' concern for fairness are found to be relatively free of persuasive objections, and to be supported by a substantial body of theoretical and empirical work in social psychology and sociology, as well as in economics. The extent to which the observed inter-industry wage differentials can be explained in terms of posited mechanisms for the operation of workers' concern for fairness is then examined. Some indications of the influence of the concern for equity on inter-industry wage differentials are found, although limitations in the data and multicollinearity among regressors restrict the ability to isolate different industry-specific effects. It is concluded that while there is both a theoretical and an empirical basis for the proposition that workers' concern for fairness plays a role in the determination of wages in Canada, more work on this question, ideally combined with the availability of comprehensive firm-level data, is needed to get a more precise idea of the extent of this influence.
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Mikhail, Ossama. "The persistence of unemployment in Canada and sectoral labour mobility /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37905.
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This dissertation is an economic investigation into the persistency of Canadian unemployment. It examines whether this persistence is caused by sectoral shifts. Empirically, we test for persistence using the Cochrane Variance ratio and the modified rescaled range test statistics. We estimate unemployment persistence using Bayesian ARFIMA class of models. To understand employment sectoral dynamics, the thesis uses data-driven Vector Autoregression models with emphasis on Classical and Bayesian estimation techniques. At the theoretical level, two structural Real Business Cycle models are proposed to explain how aggregate unemployment persistence emerges from sectoral labour mobility. The main difference between these two models is the impetus of the shock. One model uses relative sectoral technology shocks and the other uses relative sectoral taste shocks. We show that sectoral phenomena are important in accounting for aggregate unemployment fluctuations.
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Corak, Miles. "Government payments to the unemployed in theory and practice : Canada, 1940-80." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63343.
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