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Huynh, Anhtuan, Jennifer Savitski, Melissa Kirven, Jennifer Godwin, and Karen M. Gil. "Effect of Medical Students' Experiences With Residents as Teachers on Clerkship Assessment." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-03-03-35.
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Abstract Background We assessed the impact of resident teaching in medical students' overall assessment of an obstetrics and gynecology clerkship. Methods Between September 2007 and March 2010, third-year medical students completed a questionnaire at the end of their clerkship. Questions covered the number of topics they recalled learning about from residents, perceptions of the quality of education received from residents, perceptions of the experience with the residents as teachers, and overall rating of the obstetrics and gynecology clerkship. Results Questionnaires were completed by all medical students (N = 74), with 63 students returning complete surveys. There was a small correlation between the number of topics students recalled learning about from residents and ratings of quality of education (r = 0.249, P = .03), a small correlation between the number of topics students recalled learning about from residents and level of satisfaction with the clerkship (r = 0.262, P = .04), and a larger correlation between assessment of the overall experience with residents as teachers and ratings of quality of education received from residents (r = 0.687, P < .001). Overall experience with residents as teachers and perceived quality of education from residents were both associated with satisfaction with the clerkship (r = 0.756, P < .001 and r = 0.603, P < .001, respectively). A regression model with these variables accounted for 58% of the variability in students' ratings of the clerkship (F = 27.103, P < .001, R = .761, R2 = .579). The only significant independent variable was assessment of the overall experience with residents as teachers (t = 5.350, P < .001). Conclusion Quality of interactions between residents and medical students is a key factor in medical students' assessment of their clerkship.
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Tao, Xiao-Ling, Wei-Chang Yu, De-Jun Chen, Li-Ming Wang, Lu Liu, and Qi Xing. "Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor -1α stimulates cervical cancer cells to migrate and invade through regulating pyruvate kinase L/R." Investigación Clínica 62, no. 3 (September 2, 2021): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22209/ic.v62n3a05.
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This study was aimed to analyze the role of hepatocyte nuclear factor -1α (HNF-1α) in regulating migrative and invasive potentials in cervical cancer via the involvement of pyruvate kinase L/R (PKLR). The expression of HNF-1α and PKLR in cervical cancer tissues classified by tumor size and FIGO (Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage were detected by qRT-PCR. The expression correlation between HNF-1α and PKLR in cervical cancer tissues was analyzed by Pearson correlation test. After intervening HNF-1α and PKLR levels in SiHa and Hela cells, their migratory and invasive abilities were examined by the Transwell assay. HNF-1α was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, particularly those with large tumor size or advanced FIGO stage. PKLR was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues as well, presenting a positive correlation with the HNF-1α level. Knockdown of HNF-1α attenuated migratory and invasive abilities in SiHa cells, whereas overexpression of HNF-1α enhanced migratory and invasive abilities in SiHa cells. PKLR was able to abolish the regulatory effects of HNF-1α on cervical cancer metastasis. HNF-1α and PKLR synergistically promote cervical cancer to migrate and invade.
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Sandeva, Milena, and Petar Uchikov. "Analysis of Pathology in Premature Infants in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at St George University Hospital, Plovdiv between 2013 and 2015." Folia Medica 63, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e52203.
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Introduction: Premature birth is now one of the most profound prenatal problems worldwide because of the high morbidity and mor-tality it is associated with at the beginning of life. Advances in prenatal medicine over the past decades have led to a significant improve-ment of neonatal survival in risk groups of newborns. Infants of gestational age of 22-25 weeks represent the greatest medical, social, and ethical dilemma in neonatology. Most of these newborns need intensive care to survive, and most infants born between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation require special care. Those born 34 to 36 weeks’ gestation also have higher rates of short-term morbid premature birth-related conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) than their peers born at term. Aim: To carry out an analysis of morbidity during the neonatal period in premature babies. Materials and methods: A retrospective triennial study was conducted on 598 premature newborns. Results: The results of the study show that morbidity rate in premature born infants is high. The most frequent reasons for admission to the neonatal intensive care unit are the other forms of respiratory distress syndrome (45%). Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was observed in 23.41% of the prematurity, 10.7% of them were suspected of having other pathology, and 20.9% of premature neonates manifested no complications in the neonatal period. There was a significant difference in the diagnosis of newborns after birth (p=0.0001, r=0.58), with the newborns with RDS demonstrating the most complications in the neonatal period. Conclusions: The conclusions to be drawn from the analysis of the data are as follows: there is wide comorbidity in the prematurity of RDS. Lower gestational age strongly correlates with the development of RDS. If no corticosteroid therapy is administered the risk of developing hyaline membrane disease increases. There is extremely high probability of neonatal mortality in children with hyaline membrane disease. There is significant difference between the primary diagnosis and the condition of the child at discharge from the medical establishment. Adequate and specialized prenatal care is essential when trying to reduce the incidence of preterm birth.
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Yoneda, Naoto, Minoru Irahara, Seiichiro Saito, Hirokazu Uemura, and Toshihiro Aono. "Usefulness of recombinant human prolactin for treatment of poor puerperal lactation in a rat model." European Journal of Endocrinology 133, no. 5 (November 1995): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1330613.
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Yoneda N, Irahara M, Saito S, Uemura H, Aono T. Usefulness of recombinant human prolactin for treatment of poor puerperal lactation in a rat model. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:613–7. ISSN 0804–4643 Recombinant human prolactin (r-hPRL) was produced by a line of murine C127 cells transfected with human PRL gene. To assess the biological efficacy of r-hPRL in vivo, we studied its influence on milk secretion using a rat model in which lactation was reduced by bromocriptine treatment. Puerperal rats were injected daily for 9 days after delivery with bromocriptine or bromocriptine plus r-hPRL, and lactational performance was assessed by weighing the pups. The concentrations of rat and human PRL in rat serum were measured by specific radioimmunoassays and the mammary glands were examined on postpartum day 10. Daily injection of bromocriptine (0.1 mg/rat) significantly reduced the endogenous level of rat PRL and impaired the weight gain of the pups. Administration of r-hPRL increased the serum level of human PRL. Daily injections of r-hPRL (50 μg/rat, twice a day) restored lactational performance and significantly increased the weight of the pups. The detrimental effect of bromocriptine on the mammary glands, assessed by both weight and histological appearance, was reversed by administration of r-hPRL. These results demonstrate that r-hPRL is biologically active in vivo and replacement therapy of r-hPRL is effective in improving the lactational performance in bromocriptine-treated rats, and also that r-hPRL may be useful for the treatment of women with poor lactation. Naoto Yoneda, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770, Japan
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Celik, Esra, Seyithan Taysi, Seyhun Sucu, Hasan Ulusal, Emin Sevincler, and Ahmet Celik. "Urotensin 2 and Oxidative Stress Levels in Maternal Serum in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrauterine Growth Restriction." Medicina 55, no. 7 (July 2, 2019): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070328.
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Background and objectives: In this study, the aim was to investigate Urotensin 2 (U-II) levels and oxidant/antioxidant system parameters in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Materials and Methods: A total of 36 healthy, pregnant women who had not been diagnosed with IUGR and 36 pregnant women who had been diagnosed with IUGR at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic at Gaziantep University Hospital were enrolled in this study. The serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), thiol-disulfide levels, U-II measurements, and oxidative stress index (OSI) calculations were carried out at the biochemistry laboratory at Gaziantep University. Results: According to this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the group with IUGR and the control group of healthy, pregnant women in terms of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, native thiol/total thiol, and U-II values. There was, however, a positive linear correlation between TOS and total thiol levels in the group with IUGR (p = 0.021, r = 0.384), and a positive linear correlation between OSI and total thiol values in the control group (p = 0.049, r = 0.330). In addition, there was a negative correlation between disulfide levels and gestational weeks at birth in the group with IUGR (p = 0.027, r = 0.369). Conclusions: Consequently, there was no significant difference between the control group and the group with pregnancies complicated by idiopathic IUGR in terms of serum oxidant/antioxidant system parameters and U-II levels. It is necessary to conduct more extensive studies evaluating placental, maternal, and fetal oxidative stress in conjunction in order to investigate the role of oxidative stress in IUGR.
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Weitzner, John S. "Book Review Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology Sixth edition. Edited by James R. Scott, Philip J. DiSaia, Charles B. Hammond, and William N. Spellacy. 1245 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1990. $89.50." New England Journal of Medicine 323, no. 7 (August 16, 1990): 493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199008163230723.
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Knobel, Roxana, Lia Volpato, Liliam Gervasi, Raquel Viergutz, and Alberto Trapani. "A Simple, Reproducible and Low-cost Simulator for Teaching Surgical Techniques to Repair Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 40, no. 08 (August 2018): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1668527.
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Objective To describe and evaluate the use of a simple, low-cost, and reproducible simulator for teaching the repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Methods Twenty resident doctors in obstetrics and gynecology and four obstetricians participated in the simulation. A fourth-degree tear model was created using low-cost materials (condom simulating the rectal mucosa, cotton tissue simulating the internal anal sphincter, and bovine meat simulating the external anal sphincter). The simulator was initially assembled with the aid of anatomical photos to study the anatomy and meaning of each component of the model. The laceration was created and repaired, using end-to-end or overlapping application techniques. Results The model cost less than R$ 10.00 and was assembled without difficulty, which improved the knowledge of the participants of anatomy and physiology. The sutures of the layers (rectal mucosa, internal sphincter, and external sphincter) were performed in keeping with the surgical technique. All participants were satisfied with the simulation and felt it improved their knowledge and skills. Between 3 and 6 months after the training, 7 participants witnessed severe lacerations in their practice and reported that the simulation was useful for surgical correction. Conclusion The use of a simulator for repair training in OASIS is affordable (low-cost and easy to perform). The simulation seems to improve the knowledge and surgical skills necessary to repair severe lacerations. Further systematized studies should be performed for evaluation.
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Gaiser, Robert. "Subtest Scores From the In-Training Examination: An Evaluation Tool for an Obstetric-Anesthesia Rotation." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-09-00066.1.
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Abstract Objective To evaluate resident performance in the obstetric-anesthesia rotation using resident portfolios and their In-Training Examination scores, which are provided by the American Board of Anesthesiology/American Society of Anesthesiologists. Methods We reviewed academic portfolios for second- and third-year anesthesiology residents at a single institution from 2006–2008 to examine United States Medical Licensing Exam Step 1 and 2 scores, grade for obstetrics-gynecology in medical school, and performance on the In-Training Examination. Faculty evaluation of medical knowledge and correlations for the various scores were obtained. Results We examined scores for 43 residents. The subtest score for obstetric anesthesia increased after completing a rotation in obstetric anesthesia, 26.1 ± 10.3 versus 36.3 ± 10.6 (P = .02). The subtest score correlated with United States Medical Licensing Exam Step 2, r = 0.46 (P = .027) but not with United States Medical Licensing Exam Step 1 or with the grade obtained in medical school. There was no correlation between faculty evaluations of medical knowledge and resident subtest scores in obstetric anesthesia. Conclusions Subtest scores in obstetric anesthesia are valid and provide a tool for the assessment of the educational program of a rotation. Knowledge as assessed by a faculty member is different from the knowledge assessed on a written examination. Both methods can help provide a more complete assessment of the resident and the rotation.
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Silberstein, Tali, Batel Hamou, Shelly Cervil, Tamar Barak, Ariela Burg, and Oshra Saphier. "Colostrum of Preeclamptic Women Has a High Level of Polyphenols and Better Resistance to Oxidative Stress in Comparison to That of Healthy Women." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (February 21, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1380605.
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Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication. Abnormal development of the placenta is the prevailing cause theory of this complication. Women with preeclampsia suffer from acute oxidative stress and high lipid oxidation in plasma. The aim of this study was to compare levels of polyphenols and lipid peroxidation in colostrum of nursing mothers with and without preeclampsia. The study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Soroka University Medical Center. The study group consisting of 18 women, who were diagnosed with preeclampsia, was compared to the control group: 22 healthy women. The total phenolic content in the colostrum was determined by using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring MDA, using the TBARS assay. Polyphenol concentrations were significantly higher (about 33%) in the colostrum of the study group compared with the control group (p=0.00042). Lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) were significantly lower (about 20%) in the colostrum of the study group compared with the control group (p=0.03). Negative correlation was found between MDA concentration and the polyphenol level (R=−0.41, p=0.02). In conclusion, we showed in this study a potential compensation mechanism that protects the newborn of a mother with preeclampsia from the stress process experienced by its mother.
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Wang, Ningning, Yufeng Zhang, and Bin Liu. "Demographic and Clinical Features of Endometrial Polyps in Patients with Endometriosis." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1460793.
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Aims. To compare the clinical features of endometrial polyps (EPs) between patients with endometriosis (EM) (EM group) and without EM (non-EM group).Methods and Results. Seventy-six cases in the EM group and 133 cases in the non-EM group underwent laparotomy or hysteroscopy and laparoscopy; later, it was confirmed that the results by pathology from July 2002 to April 2008 in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The recurrence of EPs was followed up after the surgery until 2013. The following parameters were assessed: age, gravidity, parity, infertility, and menstrual cycle changes, as well as polyps diameters, locations, number, association with the revised American Fertility Society (r-AFS) classification, and their recurrence. On review, 76 EPs cases of EM group histologically resembled EPs but the majority of EPs with EM occurred in primary infertility cases and in fewer pregnancy rate women who had stable and smaller EPs without association with the AFS stage. The recurrence rate of EPs in EM group was higher than that in non-EM group.Conclusion. It is important to identify whether infertile patients with EM are also having EPs. Removing any coexisting EPs via hysteroscopy would be clinically helpful in treating endometriosis-related infertility in these patients.
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Misao, Ryou, Naoki Itoh, Hidehiro Mori, Jiro Fujimoto, and Teruhiko Tamaya. "Sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA levels in human uterine endometrium." European Journal of Endocrinology 131, no. 6 (December 1994): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1310623.
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Misao R, Itoh N, Mori H, Fujimoto J, Tamaya T. Sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA levels in human uterine endometrium. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:623–9. ISSN 0804–4643 Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a specific steroid hormone-binding protein that plays a role in transporting dihydrotestosterone, testosterone and estradiol-17β (E2), altering their concentration in blood and influencing their biological action. Recently it has been reported that immunoreactive SHBG is localized in target tissues and that SHBG mRNA was identified in human endometrial and prostatic cell lines. In the present work, SHBG mRNA was detected in human normal endometrial tissues using Northern blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction. Its level was higher (p < 0.02) in the secretory phase than in the proliferative phase. In the secretory phase, the endometrial SHBG mRNA level was correlated positively with serum E2 and progesterone level (p < 0.05). However, there was a negative correlation between endometrial SHBG mRNA level and serum E2 /progesterone ratio (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that SHBG is synthesized in the uterine endometrium and a part of its synthesis is regulated complexly by sex steroid hormones such as E2 and progesterone. Ryou Misao, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Tsukasamachi-40. Gifu 500, Japan
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Furukawa, Kenichi, Mareo Yamoto, Nobuyoshi Kokawa, and Ryosuke Nakano. "Purification of high-molecular-weight follicle-stimulating hormone binding inhibitor in porcine follicular fluids." European Journal of Endocrinology 130, no. 6 (June 1994): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1300625.
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Furukawa K, Yamoto M, Kokawa N, Nakano, R. Purification of high-molecular-weight folliclestimulating hormone binding inhibitor in porcine follicular fluids. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;130:625–33. ISSN 0804–4643 We performed the purification of high-molecular-weight follicle-stimulating hormone binding inhibitor (FSHBI) from porcine follicular fluids. The FSHBI activities of high-molecular-weight fractions acquired by ultrafiltration of follicular fluids from small, medium and large follicles with Centriflo CF25 membrane cone were 277.2 ± 24.6, 176.7 ± 3.0 and 141.3 ± 3.6U, respectively. By affinity chromatography of CF25 retentate with a column of Blue Sepharose CL6B, 94.1 ± 5.3% of FSHBI activity was recovered in the unretained fraction. The FSHBI in the unretained fraction was purified by anion-exchange chromatography with a column of Mono Q and gel filtration on Sephacryl S300HR. As a result of sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the final purified fraction, a single silver-stained band was observed at 310 kD under the non-reducing conditions. On the other hand, under the reducing conditions, SDS-PAGE revealed three bands at 178, 101 and 55kD. A double reciprocal plot analysis of this substance showed competitive inhibition in FSH binding. The results of the present study suggest the existence of a 310 kD FSHBI composed of three subunits of 178, 101 and 55 kD in porcine follicular fluids. K Furukawa, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical College, Shichibancho 27, Wakayama 640, Japan
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Vihko, Kimmo K., Erkki Kujansuu, Pertti Mörsky, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, and Reijo Punnonen. "Gonadotropins and gonadotropin receptors during the perimenopause." European Journal of Endocrinology 134, no. 3 (March 1996): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1340357.
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Vihko KK, Kujansuu E, Mörsky P, Huhtaniemi I, Punnonen R. Gonadotropins and gonadotropin receptors during the perimenopause. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:357–61. ISSN 0804–4643 Twenty-two perimenopausal patients (aged 47–56 years) admitted for elective abdominal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy were selected to understand better the clinical significance of increasing gonadotropin levels as an indicator of target organ responsiveness. Prior to anesthesia, blood was drawn from the patients for subsequent analyses of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels. Ovarian tissue was obtained during surgery and frozen at −70°C for subsequent analyses for FSH and LH receptor content. The phase of the menstrual cycle of the patients or postmenopause was determined by serum gonadotropin and E2 levels and histological evaluation of the endometrium. Patients with no detectable FSH receptors showed significantly higher serum FSH and LH levels (4.7- and 4.3-fold, respectively) when compared to patients with detectable FSH receptors; FSH receptors were present in 27% of the patients, LH receptors were present in 68% of the patients and a negative correlation was found between serum LH levels and ovarian LH receptors. In postmenopausal patients, neither FSH receptors nor LH receptors were detectable. High serum gonadotropin levels in perimenopausal patients thus suggest the existence of low or undetectable ovarian gonadotropin receptor levels. Kimmo Vihko, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, PO Box 2000, FIN-33521 Tampere, Finland
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Misao, Ryou, Yoshihito Nakanishi, Jiro Fujimoto, Masashi Hori, Satoshi Ichigo, and Teruhiko Tamaya. "Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA in human ovarian cancers." European Journal of Endocrinology 133, no. 3 (September 1995): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1330327.
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Misao R, Nakanishi Y, Fujimoto J. Hori M, Ichigo S, Tamaya T. Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA in human ovarian cancers. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:327–34. ISSN 0804–4643 To know the role of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the intracellular steroidal actions in human ovarian cancers, the expression of SHBG mRNA as a substitute for intracellular SHBG expression was investigated in normal ovarian tissues and ovarian tumors. In the present study, we used competitive reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction–Southern blot analysis to evaluate SHBG mRNA levels. The expression of SHBG mRNA was detected in all normal ovaries and benign and malignant ovarian tumors analyzed. There were no significant differences in the mean SHBG mRNA levels among the three types of tissue. The expression in normal ovaries was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in premenopause, suggesting the predominance of a sex steroid hormone effect on ovarian SHBG synthesis. Relative overexpression of SHBG mRNA was observed in six out of 22 cases (27%) of ovarian cancer (three cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, two cases of serous cystadenocarcinoma and one case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma) in comparison with normal ovaries and benign ovarian tumors. There was no difference in expression among the clinical stages of ovarian cancers. These data suggest that normal human ovaries and ovarian tumors might synthesize SHBG intracellularly, ovarian cancers might conserve an estrogen-associated property via SHBG and the regulation of intracellular SHBG expression might be changed in some cancers. Ryou Misao, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasamachi, Gifu 500, Japan
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Rubin, Stephen C. "Book Review Practical Gynecologic Surgery: Principles in practice By Mark E. Boyd. 257 pp., illustrated. Baltimore, Urban and Schwarzenberg, 1990. $59.50. Laser Surgery in Gynecology and Obstetrics Second edition. Edited by William R. Keye, Jr. 279 pp., illustrated. Chicago, Year Book, 1990. $74.95." New England Journal of Medicine 323, no. 24 (December 13, 1990): 1712–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199012133232424.
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Guo, Ai-Li, Felice Petraglia, Mario Criscuolo, Guido Ficarra, Rossella E. Nappi, Marco Palumbo, Alberto Valentini, and Andrea R. Genazzani. "Acute stress- or lipopolysaccharide-induced corticosterone secretion in female rats is independent of the oestrous cycle." European Journal of Endocrinology 131, no. 5 (November 1994): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1310535.
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Guo A-L, Petraglia F, Criscuolo M, Ficarra G, Nappi RE, Palumbo M, Valentini A, Genazzani AR. Acute stress- or lipopolysaccharide-induced corticosterone secretion in female rats is independent of the oestrous cycle. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:535–9. ISSN 0804–4643 The aim of the present study was to test whether oestrous cycle is associated with the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function. Thus, corticosterone secretion in rats was investigated following lipopolysaccharide (LPS), acute cold-swimming or ether stress or synthetic corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) administration throughout the oestrous cycle. Moreover, plasma corticosterone response to cold-swimming stress or LPS administration also was studied at different times of day on pro-oestrus of di-oestrus-I. The following observations were obtained: the morning plasma corticosterone levels in control rats did not differ with the stage of the oestrous cycle; plasma corticosterone levels increased significantly following LPS administration (2 mg/kg, ip) or following acute exposure to cold (4°C)-swimming or ether stress. However, this increase in plasma corticosterone levels was not related to the stage of the oestrous cycle; synthetic CRF injection induced an increase in plasma corticosterone levels constant on di-oestrus-I and pro-oestrus; plasma corticosterone response to LPS administration or acute cold-swimming stress showed diurnal changes, with the lowest values at 18.00 h. which was independent of the oestrous cycle. By showing the unchanged corticosterone response to LPS, to acute stress and to exogenous CRF throughout the oestrous cycle, and the independence of the diurnal pattern of stress response on the oestrous cycle, the present study suggests that the oestrous cycle has no influence on the HPA activity under the present experimental conditions in rats. Andrea R Genazzani, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100 Modena, Italy
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Otani, Hisako, Mareo Yamoto, Hiroyuki Fujinaga, and Ryosuke Nakano. "Presence and localization of endothelin receptor in the rat ovary and its regulation by pituitary gonadotropins." European Journal of Endocrinology 135, no. 4 (October 1996): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1350449.
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Otani H, Yamoto M. Fujinaga H, Nakano R. Presence and localization of endothelin receptor in the rat ovary and its regulation by pituitary gonadotropins. Eur J Endocrinol 1996:135:449–54. ISSN 0804–4643 In the present study we examined the regulation of receptors for endothelin 1 (ET-1) in rat granulosa cells. We examined the localization and regulation of ET receptors in immature rat ovary and the effects of ET-1 on steroidogenesis in cultured rat granulosa cells. The ovaries used in autoradiography were derived from pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin-treated immature rats. Granulosa cells were obtained from diethylstilbestrol-treated immature rats and incubated with 125I-ET-1. Granulosa cells were cultured with ET-1 in the presence or absence of ovine follicle-stimulating hormone. The concentrations of sex steroid hormones in conditioned media were measured by radioimmunoassay. The binding site for ET-1 was localized in the granulosa cells, but not in thecal and luteal cells. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) induced a dose-dependent increase in specific binding for ET-1 to cultured rat granulosa cells. In contrast. luteinizing hormone (LH) induced a dose-dependent decrease in specific binding for ET-1 to cultured rat granulosa cells. Conversely, treatment with prolactin and several sex steroid hormones had no effects on the specific binding of ET-1. Treatment with ET-1 inhibited FSH-stimulated accumulation of progesterone and estradiol in cultured rat granulosa cells. The results indicate that both FSH and LH influence the expression of ET-1 receptor, and that ET-1 may play a regulatory role in the ontogeny of the granulosa cell. Ryosuke Nakano, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Wakayama Medical College, 27 Shichibancho, Wakayama, 640, Japan
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Chen, Jingjing, Ping Gu, and Haibo Wu. "Uncovering PD-L1 and CD8+ TILS Expression and Clinical Implication in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma." BioMed Research International 2020 (August 20, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8164365.
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Objective. To investigate the association between programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) coupled with CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS) and the clinicopathological features, along with prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Methods. 95 patients of CSCC received tumor resection at the Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) from 2015 to 2020. Full-automatic immunohistochemistry was applied to measure PD-L1 expression and CD8+ TILS density. Our literature deeply assessed the links between PD-L1 expression, clinicopathological features, and the influences of combination of PD-L1 and CD8+ TILS (PD-L1+/CD8+ TILS) on the prognosis of CSCC. Results. 64.21% of CSCC patients (61/95) expressed PD-L1, and PD-L1 expression was related to the Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, tumor size, invasion depth, differentiation degree, metastasis of lymph node, and vascular invasion (P<0.05). Dramatic correlation between PD-L1 expression and CD8+ TILS density was illustrated in CSCC patients (r=−0.461, P<0.001). Obvious differences in differentiation degree, FIGO stage, infiltration depth, and lymph node metastasis were shown between patients with PD-L1 coupled with high-density of CD8+ TILS and those with PD-L1 coupled with low-density of CD8+ TILS (P<0.05). Patients with PD-L1 negative expression exhibited better prognosis compared with those with PD-L1 positive expression (P<0.05). Patients with PD-L1 coupled with high-density of CD8+ TILS showed better prognostic status, while those with PD-L1 coupled with low-density of CD8+ TILS had worse prognostic condition (P<0.05). Differentiation, metastasis of lymph node, and FIGO stage were substantive impact elements of a CSCC patient’s overall survival (OS) by Cox multivariate analysis. Conclusions. CD8+ TILS density is related to PD-L1 expression in carcinoma. PD-L1/CD8+ TILS density can be regarded as evaluation for the prognosis of patients with CSCC, providing a new therapeutic target in clinical application.
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Hamada, Hiroko, Shiroh Kishioka, Mareo Yamoto, and Ryosuke Nakano. "[3 H]Naloxone binding sites in porcine ovarian follicles and corpora lutea during the ovarian cycle." European Journal of Endocrinology 132, no. 5 (May 1995): 622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1320622.
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Hamada H, Kishioka S, Yamoto M, Nakano R. [3H]Naloxone binding sites in porcine ovarian follicles and corpora lutea during the ovarian cycle. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:622–6. ISSN 0804–4643 We demonstrated the presence of opioid receptors in the porcine ovary using [3 H]naloxone. We also examined the change in the number of opioid receptors during follicular maturation. In addition, we found specific binding of [3H]naloxone in the porcine ovary using naloxone, β-endorphin, methionine-enkephalin and dynorphin. The binding of [3H]naloxone to porcine granulosa cells and the 2000-g subcellular fraction of corpora lutea was examined to demonstrate the presence of specific [3H]naloxone binding in the porcine ovary. Binding of [3H]naloxone to porcine granulosa cells was displaced by cold naloxone and β-endorphin but not by dynorphin and methionine-enkephalin. A similar phenomenon was also demonstrated in the 2000 g subcellular fraction of porcine corpora lutea. However, Scatchard analyses revealed a single class of high-affinity (Kd = 28.5 × 10−9 mol/l) and low-capacity binding sites (Bmax = 30.5 fmol/5 × 106 cells) in porcine granulosa cells. Similar binding parameters were obtained in the 2000-g subcellular fraction of porcine luteal tissue (Kd = 28.3 × 10−9 mol/l, Bmax = 59.3 nmol/kg protein). [3H]Naloxone binding sites in the porcine ovary showed binding characteristics similar to those of opioid receptors in other organs like brain, uterus and placenta. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the specific binding sites of [3H]naloxone in porcine granulosa cells decreased during follicular maturation. Opioid receptors have been detected in the uterus, placenta and Sertoli cell cultures in some species. However, there is no detailed study on opioid receptors in granulosa cells and luteal tissues in any species. Our data suggest a relationship between folliculogenesis and ovarian opioid peptides. The opioid system may participate in the regulation of follicular maturation. Hiroko Hamada, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shichibancho 27, Wakayama 640, Japan
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Pajic, Milos, and Zoran Vukasinovic. "Diagnostic and prognostic values of standard and dynamic ultrasound in early detection and treatment of developmental hip deformity." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 135, no. 7-8 (2007): 428–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0708428p.
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Introduction A clinical examination of a newborn infant is indispensable, but certainly insufficient for a diagnosis of developmental deformity of the hip (DDH) to be made. The use of the ultrasound in the diagnostics of DDH, beside the visualization and making the respective clinical findings objective, made possible verification (still without a distinction of the tissues) of the two basic categories of the primary condition of a newborn baby hips. Objective The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal methodological procedure for the early detection of DDH in newborn infants and suckling. Method During 2002 and 2003, at the Neonatal Department of the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Novi Sad, as well as at the Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica" Belgrade, there were 4016 newborn infants examined, i.e. 8032 hips clinically and by ultrasound. The standard Graf?s methodological procedure was applied completely, supplemented by the dynamic examination by pushing back and stretching femora along, that is by the techniques of Couture and Harcke. Results In order to categorize the condition of the hip of a newborn infant, the sonographic classification of R. Graaf, Th. Harcke and D. Pajic was used. The ultrasound analysis demonstrated a frequency of the sonotype Ia in 552 (13.08%) of the newborn infants, the sonotype Ib in 2934 (73.00%), the sonotype IIa+ in 481 (11.97%) and the pathological cases with sonotypes IIg 42 (1.04%), IId 17 (0.42%), IIIa 15 (0.37%) and IV 5 (0.12%). The total number of unstable critical, discentering and discentered cases of DDH was 79 (1.95%). The incidence of DDH was three times more frequent in girls, mostly bilateral; when unilateral, it was more frequent in the left one. The results of the early treatment were uniformly excellent, but in two cases there was established osteochondritis of the first degree (Pavlik?s harness 1, Von Rosen?s splint 1). Conclusion It has been proven that the clinical examination was inevitable, but insufficient for diagnosis of DDH. The standard sonographic examination should be supplemented by provocative dynamic diagnostic procedures in all immature, at risk and discentering hips. By doing so, it is possible to differentiate prognostically the hips evolving to a spontaneous normalization from those striving to a progredient decentralization. For a sonographic diagnosis, the first three weeks are essential, but for therapy, the crucial is the sixth week.
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Gallinelli, A., R. Gallo, AD Genazzani, ML Matteo, A. Caruso, TK Woodruff, and F. Petraglia. "Episodic secretion of activin A in pregnant women." European Journal of Endocrinology 135, no. 3 (September 1996): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1350340.
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Gallinelli A, Gallo R, Genazzani AD, Matteo ML. Caruso A, Woodruff TK. Petraglia F. Episodic secretion of activin A in pregnant women. Eur J Endocrinol 1996,135:340–4. ISSN 0804–4643 The aim of the present study was to determine the characteristics of activin A secretion in women with normal and abnormal pregnancy. With this purpose, a prospective study was done to evaluate the putative pulsatile pattern of serum activin A in serial specimens of blood collected during a certain amount of time (every 15 min for 3 h). A group of pregnant women (N = 24) participated in a crosssectional study. They were subdivided into three groups: healthy pregnant women (N = 8), patients with preterm labor (N = 8) and patients with gestational diabetes (N = 8) before and after insulin therapy. Secretory pulses of serum activin A were determined in all patients with a specific frequency and amplitude by using two different computerized analyses, i.e. DETECT and CLUSTER. Mean ± sem values of serum activin A were significantly higher in patients with preterm labor and gestational diabetes than in controls (p < 0.01), showing a significant decrease following insulin therapy in diabetic patients (p < 0.01). Specific pulses of serum activin A levels were observed in all women. The mean pulse frequency did not change significantly between healthy controls and the different pathological groups. Patients with gestational diabetes after insulin therapy showed a pulse frequency that was significantly higher than in controls (p < 0.05). When the mean peak amplitude of activin A pulses was evaluated, patients with preterm labor or gestational diabetes showed values that were significantly higher than in healthy pregnant women (p < 0.01). A significant, inverse correlation between pulse frequency and amplitude was found both in healthy pregnant women (p < 0.05) and in patients with gestational diabetes (p < 0.001). The present study showed that circulating activin A levels in pregnant women change in a pulsatile pattern whose pulse amplitude is modified in the presence of gestational diseases, such as preterm labor or gestational diabetes. Felice Petraglia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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Weitzner, John S. "Book Review Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies Second edition. Edited by Steven G. Gabbe, Jennifer R. Niebyl, and Joe Leigh Simpson. 1409 pp., illustrated. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1991. $84.95. ISBN 0–443–08714–8 . Scientific Foundations of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fourth edition. Edited by Elliott Philipp and Marcus Setchell, with Jean Ginsburg. 764 pp., illustrated. Boston, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1991. $275. ISBN 0–7506–0184–1 . Illustrated Textbook of Obstetrics Second edition. By Geoffrey Chamberlain, Sir John Dewhurst, and David Harvey. 263 pp., illustrated. New York, Gower Medical, 1991. $27.95. ISBN 0–397–44720–5 . (Distributed in the U.S. by J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.) Illustrated Textbook of Gynaecology By V.R. Tindall, Sharon Oates, Silvia Rimmer, and Arb Smith. 191 pp., illustrated. New York, Gower Medical, 1991. $27.95. ISBN 0–397–44728–0 . (Distributed in the U.S. by J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.) Obstetrics and Gynecology Review 1991 By Harrison H. Sheld. 435 pp. New York, Pergamon Press, 1991. $34.95. ISBN 0–08–041172-X ." New England Journal of Medicine 327, no. 8 (August 20, 1992): 576–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199208203270830.
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"Erratum: R. L. Deter, J. Li, W. Lee, S. Liu, R. Romero. Quantitative assessment of gestational sac shape: the gestational sac shape score.Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2007; 29: 574-582." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 32, no. 5 (October 2008): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.6235.
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Moazzami, Bahram, Shahla Chaichian, Saeed Samie, Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin, Fatemeh Jesmi, Meisam Akhlaghdoust, Mahin Ahmadi Pishkuhi, Zahra Sadat Mirshafiei, Fereshteh Khalilzadeh, and Dorsa Safari. "Does endometriosis increase susceptibility to COVID-19 infections? A case–control study in women of reproductive age." BMC Women's Health 21, no. 1 (March 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01270-z.
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Abstract Background In today’s world, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most critical health problem and research is continued on studying the associated factors. But it is not clear whether endometriosis increases the risk of COVID-19. Methods Women who referred to the gynecology clinic were evaluated and 507 women with endometriosis (case group) were compared with 520 women without endometriosis (control group). COVID-19 infection, symptoms, exposure, hospitalization, isolation, H1N1 infection and vaccination, and past medical history of the participants were recorded and compared between the groups using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 21. Results Comparison between the groups represent COVID-19 infection in 3.2% of the case group and 3% of the control group (P = 0.942). The control group had a higher frequency of asymptomatic infection (95.7% vs. 94.5%; P < 0.001) and fever (1.6% vs. 0%; P = 0.004), while the frequency of rare symptoms was more common in the case group (P < 0.001). The average disease period was 14 days in both groups (P = 0.694). COVID-19 infection was correlated with close contact (r = 0.331; P < 0.001 in the case group and r = 0.244; P < 0.001 in the control group), but not with the history of thyroid disorders, H1N1 vaccination, traveling to high-risk areas, and social isolation (P > 0.05). Conclusion Endometriosis does not increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 infections, but alters the manifestation of the disease. The prevalence of the disease may depend on the interaction between the virus and the individual’s immune system but further studies are required in this regard.
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"Book Reviews." Acta Radiologica 38, no. 1 (January 1997): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841859709171270.
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Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Edited by Bruno D. Fornage. Churchill Livingstone Inc.1995. Price: hardback GBP 65. Reviewed by Margaretha Höglund. Magnetic Resonance in Epilepsy. By R. L. Kucniecky & G. D. Jackson. Raven Press, New York 1995 ISBN 0-7817-0227-5. Price: USD 139. Reviewed by Raili Raininko. Pediatric Neuroimaging. 2nd edn. By A. J. Barkovich. 688 pages. Raven Press 1995. ISBN 0-7817-0179-1. Price: USD 183. Reviewed by Peter Pech. Sonography of the Abdomen. By R. Brooke Jeffrey Jr and P. W. Ralls. Raven Press. ISBN 0.7817-0130-9. Price: USD 195. Reviewed by Hans Karisson and Anders Elvin. Pediatric Radiology. 2nd edn. By J. O. Haller and T. L. Slovis. Springer-Verlag 1995. ISBN 3-540-59059-5. Price: hardcover DEM 128. Reviewed by Peter Pech. Childhood Tuberculosis. Modern Imaging and Clinical Concepts. By B. J. Cremin and D. H. Jamieson. Springer-Verlag 1995. ISBN 3-540-19925-X. Price: hardcover DEM 138. Reviewed by Peter Pech. Practical Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2nd edn. By J. W. Seeds et al. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia 1995. ISBN 0-7817-9335-2. Price: USD 68. Reviewed by Ove Axelsson. Aids to Radiological Differential Diagnosis. 3rd edn. By S. Chapman and R. Nakielny. Saunders 1995. ISBN 0-7020-1895-3. Price: GBP 17. Reviewed by Peter Pech.
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Ahmad, Qais T., Jaffar H. Saffarini, Ahmad M. Samara, Dima S. Jabri, Zaina H. Safarini, Yousra M. Banijaber, Ahmad Jaradat, Faris Abushamma, and Sa’ed H. Zyoud. "The impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on the quality of life during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study from Palestine." BMC Urology 20, no. 1 (December 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12894-020-00761-9.
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Abstract Background Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent among pregnant women. Several articles show the impact of LUTS on pregnant women’s quality of life (QoL). This study was designed to examine the impact of non-pathological LUTS on QoL among pregnant Palestinian women. Methods A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted on women who were pregnant and receiving regular antenatal care at the obstetrics and gynecology clinic in Rafidia Hospital, Palestine. This self-administered questionnaire included the Urinary Distress Inventory – short-form (UDI-6), the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire – short-form (IIQ-7), the European Quality of Life scale – 5 dimensions (EQ-5D), and the European Quality of Life – visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). A convenience sampling method was used. In addition to this, multiple linear regression analyses were performed aiming to identify variables that have a significant relationship with QoL (i.e. socio-demographic variables, UDI-6 score, and IIQ-7 score). Results This study included a total of 306 pregnant women. Participants had a mean age of 26.9 years (SD, 3.6). The subjects scored an average of 31.2 ± 19.2 out of 100 points for the UDI-6 scale and an average of 31.9 ± 24.9 out of 100 points for the IIQ-7 scale. On the other hand, the subjects’ average EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scores were 0.76 ± 0.17 and 67.96 ± 19.28 respectively. The subjects’ responses on UDI-6 significantly correlated with their responses on both the EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scales (r = − 0.338, p < 0.001 and r = − 0.206, p < 0.001, respectively). Likewise, their responses on IIQ-7 also significantly correlated with their responses on both the EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scales (r = − 0.389, p < 0.001 and r = − 0.329, p < 0.001, respectively). Regression analysis found that the UDI-6 score (p = 0.001) and IIQ-7 score (p < 0.001), were significantly and negatively associated with EQ-5D index scores. Conclusions Our study shows a remarkable correlation between LUTS and QoL among pregnant women. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess the status of LUTS in the pre-pregnancy stage to ascertain a more accurate assessment of LUTS or LUTS related intervention and its impact on QoL during pregnancy.
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Haq, Hameed Ul, Rehan Ahmed Khan, and Raheela Yasmin. "Healthcare needs of the Muslim patient community in the undergraduate medical curriculum – Are we there?" Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 35, no. 3 (May 16, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.861.
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Objective: Muslim patients have a unique set of healthcare needs that are related to their faith. These are generally not formally addressed in the medical curricula. The study aimed to recommend additional content that would better tailor the undergraduate curriculum to cater to the needs of this large cohort – Muslim patients. This is with the expectation that patients would have their faith-related health queries resolved by healthcare providers.
Methods: A quantitative descriptive survey design was adopted. A 46-item questionnaire formulated through a literature review was put forth to experts using the Delphi Technique. Experts were selected based on having an academic rank of associate professor and above or medical education credentials. Three iterative rounds were conducted for exploring consensus over a period of five months. Panel agreement of >70% was the criteria for inclusion.
Results: Items were categorized under 7 subject themes: Medicine, Psychiatry, Surgery, Gynecology, Obstetrics, Medical Ethics, and Islamic Studies. Consensus was eventually reached for 41 out of 46 items. These topics included but were not limited to “The Muslim patient in Ramadan: to fast or not to fast?” and “Muslim women and decision-making on pregnancy termination”.
Conclusion: The study suggested that the topics proposed herein were in fact legitimate faith-related healthcare needs of Muslim patients. Their inclusion would add value to the undergraduate medical curriculum and would train practitioners to improve patient outcomes more holistically.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.861
How to cite this:Haq H, Khan RA, Yasmin R. Healthcare needs of the Muslim patient community in the undergraduate medical curriculum – Are we there?. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.861
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Özdilek, Resmiye, Yılda Arzu Aba, Sena Dilek Aksoy, Bulat Aytek Şık, and Yaşam Kemal Akpak. "The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study." Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 35, no. 5 (August 7, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133.
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Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%.
Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133
How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Ratih. "Implementasi Data Mining untuk mengelompokkan Pasien Rawat Jalan dan Rawat Inap Asuransi Kesehatan." Jurnal Teknologi dan Bisnis 3, no. 1 (June 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.37087/jtb.v3i1.47.
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Patient Visits Outpatient and inpatient insurance at Class C Hospitals is increasing from year to year. Increased visits to insurance patients will have an impact on the inpatient and outpatient health services provided. From the increase in patient visits, the data owned by the hospital is increasingly abundant. The data can be used to explore knowledge, find certain patterns.
To explore knowledge about Inpatient and Outpatient Insurance patients, data mining clustering techniques are used with the Self Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm using R Studio tools. Clustering technique with the implementation of the Self Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm is a technique for grouping data based on certain characteristics which are then mapped into areas that resemble map shapes. The CRISP-DM method is used in this study to perform the stages of the data mining process.
The results obtained from the implementation of clustering with the Self Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm are obtained 2 clusters representing dense areas and non-congested areas. Dense areas are represented by Internal Medicine Clinic, Surgery Clinic, Eye Clinic, Hemodialysis, Melati Room, Orchid Room, Bougenville Room, Flamboyan Room. Non-crowded areas are represented by General Clinics, Dental Clinics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, Children's Clinics, Mawar Room and Soka Room
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Homenta, Christian, John J. Wantania, and Juneke J. Kaeng. "Heme Oxygenase1 Level in Normotensive Pregnancy and Preeclampsia with Severe Features." Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, June 6, 2017, 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.32771/inajog.v4i3.433.
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Objective: To understand the relationship of heme oxygenase-1
(HO-1) level between normotensive pregnancy and preeclampsia
with severe features.
Method: The cross sectional study was conducted in the Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas
Sam Ratulangi/Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. The
subjects consisted of 26 pregnant women with normal blood pressure
and 26 women with severe features of preeclampsia. We took
the patients’ history, general physical examination, and laboratory
assessment. The blood samples were taken from normotensive women
more than 20 weeks of pregnancy and preeclamptic women
with severe features more than 20 weeks of pregnancy. The data obtained
was processed using SPSS 20.0 software. We did the nonparametric
Mann-Whitney test to analyze the relationship between
heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) level in normotensive pregnancy and
preeclampsia with severe features.
Result: The level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in normotensive
pregnant women was at 3.24 (SD 0.58) ng/ml (95% CI 3.00-3.47),
and the level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) of preeclamptic women
with severe features was 3.92 (SD 0.73) ng/ml (95% CI 3.62-4.21).
The result of Mann-Whitney test showed p value of 0.001 which
meant that there was significant difference in the level of heme oxygenase-
1 (HO-1) between normotensive women and pre-eclamptic
women with severe features.
Conclusion: There was the relationship between the level of heme
oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the incidence of preeclampsia with severe
features.
Keywords: heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), normotensive pregnancy, preeclampsia with severe features
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PARINDA, ISTIA ASRI, MUHAMMAD FIDEL GANIS SIREGAR, HANUDSE HARTONO, MAKMUR SITEPU, INDRA G. MUNTHE, DERI EDIANTO, and PUTRI C. EYANOER. "CORRELATION BETWEEN ESTRADIOL SERUM LEVELS WITH XEROSTOMIA INVENTORY SCORE ON MENOPAUSAL WOMEN." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, July 17, 2020, 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i4.39098.
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Objective: Menopause is a condition of permanent cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months. This occurs due to the loss of follicular ovarian activity so that estrogen levels decrease in the body. Menopause can occur at various ages, where the average age of menopause is 51-55 y. Menopause can affect oral tissues as well as other organ systems and cause xerostomia. Some of the symptoms of xerostomia include burning feelings, taste abnormalities, dysarthria, dysphagia, dysgeusia, and halitosis.
Methods: This study uses a case series design to assess the correlation between estradiol levels and the incidence of xerostomia in menopausal women. The incidence of xerostomia using the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) Score. This research was conducted in several places, namely H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan and the hospital network of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatra Utara. The study population was all postmenopausal women at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan and the Obgyn FK USU network hospital that met the study inclusion-exclusion criteria. This research was conducted in February with a minimum sample of 38 people.
Results: In this study, 38 samples were obtained. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the most age groups were in the range of 56-60 y, the duration of menopause in the 5-10 y group, and the highest Body Mass Index (BMI) was obesity. The mean value of estradiol in menopausal women was 23.61±8.37 pg/ml; the mean value of XI score in menopausal women was 24.29±9.44. The correlation of estradiol levels and XI scores in menopausal women is a strong negative correlation that is-0.651 (p value<0.05). Correlation value of XI score and obesity in menopausal women is a low positive correlation with r = 0.342 (p value<0.05) while the value of correlation XI score with menopausal women who are not obese is a strong positive correlation with r = 0.793 (p value<0, 05).
Conclusion: Changes in the oral cavity are caused by aging and hypoestrogenism. The mean age of postmenopausal women was 56.98±4.35, with a mean BMI of 28.24±4.41. Estradiol levels in menopausal women are lower than women of reproductive age in each phase of the menstrual cycle. Significant reduction in estrogen production during menopause causes a decrease in salivary flow, leading to hyposalivation and symptoms of xerostomia.