Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / R3B / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: R3B.

Journal articles on the topic 'R3B'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'R3B.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Li, Guangcun, Sanwen Huang, Xiao Guo, Ying Li, Yu Yang, Zhen Guo, Hanhui Kuang, et al. "Cloning and Characterization of R3b; Members of the R3 Superfamily of Late Blight Resistance Genes Show Sequence and Functional Divergence." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 24, no. 10 (October 2011): 1132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-11-10-0276.

Full text

Abstract:

Massive resistance (R) gene stacking is considered to be one of the most promising approaches to provide durable resistance to potato late blight for both conventional and genetically modified breeding strategies. The R3 complex locus on chromosome XI in potato is an example of natural R gene stacking, because it contains two closely linked R genes (R3a and R3b) with distinct resistance specificities to Phytophthora infestans. Here, we report about the positional cloning of R3b. Both transient and stable transformations of susceptible tobacco and potato plants showed that R3b conferred full resistance to incompatible P. infestans isolates. R3b encodes a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat protein and exhibits 82% nucleotide identity with R3a located in the same R3 cluster. The R3b gene specifically recognizes Avr3b, a newly identified avirulence factor from P. infestans. R3b does not recognize Avr3a, the corresponding avirulence gene for R3a, showing that, despite their high sequence similarity, R3b and R3a have clearly distinct recognition specificities. In addition to the Rpi-mcd1/Rpi-blb3 locus on chromosome IV, the R3 locus on chromosome XI is the second example of an R-gene cluster with multiple genes recognizing different races of P. infestans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Yang, Xiaohui, Xiao Guo, Guangxia Chen, Daofeng Dong, Fang Liu, Yuanjun Yang, Yu Yang, and Guangcun Li. "Comparison of defense responses of transgenic potato lines expressing three different Rpi genes to specific Phytophthora infestans races based on transcriptome profiling." PeerJ 8 (May 5, 2020): e9096. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9096.

Full text

Abstract:

Potato late blight, one of the most devastating diseases in potato, is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans. Over 20 resistance genes have been cloned including R1, R3a, and R3b. The distinctions between defense response mechanisms mediated by different resistance genes are still unclear. Here we performed transcriptome profiling in three transgenic lines, R1, R3a, and R3b, and wild-type Desiree under inoculation with two P. infestans isolates, 89148 (race 0) and CN152 (super race), using RNA-seq. Compared with wild type, specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the three transgenic lines. The highest number of DEGs occurred in transgenic R3b, with 779 DEGs in response to isolate 89148 and 864 DEGs in response to infection by CN152, followed by transgenic R1 lines with 408 DEGs for isolate 89148 and 267 DEGs for CN152. Based on gene ontology, the most common GO terms (15 for 89148 and 20 for CN152) were enriched in transgenic R3a and R3b lines. This indicates that the defense pathways mediated by R3a and R3b are more similar than those mediated by R1. Further separate GO analysis of up- or down-regulated DEGs showed that the down-regulated DEGs mainly functioned in mediating the resistance of potato to P. infestans 89148 by response to stress biological process and to CN152 by oxidation reduction biological process. KEGG pathways of DNA replication, plant-pathogen interaction and pentose and glucuronate interconversions are unique for transgenic R1, R3a, and R3b lines in incompatible interactions. Quantitative real-time PCR experimental validation confirmed the induced expression of DEGs in the late blight resistance signaling pathway. Our results will lay a solid foundation for further understanding the mechanisms of plant-pathogen interactions, and provide a theoretical reference for durable resistance in potato.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kusmayadi, Andri. "PENGARUH KOMBINASI TEPUNG ROTI AFKIR DAN TEPUNG KULIT MANGGIS SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI JAGUNG DALAM RANSUM ITIK CIHATEUP TERHADAP PERFORMAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN INCOME OVER FEED COST." JURNAL PETERNAKAN 16, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v16i2.7000.

Full text

Abstract:

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh level penggunaan tepung roti afkir (TRA) dan tepung kulit manggis (TKM) sebagai substitusi jagung terhadap performan pertumbuhan dan income over feed cost (IOFC) itik Ciahteup. Sebanyak 84 ekor itik Cihateup dibagi secara acak ke dalam 7 kelompok perlakuan pakan yaitu: pakan tanpa perlakuan TRA dan TKM (R0), Pakan dengan penambahan TRA 10% pengganti jagung + 1% TKM (R1A), pakan dengan penambahan TRA 10% pengganti jagung + 2% TKM (R1B), pakan dengan penambahan TRA 20% pengganti jagung + 1% TKM (R2A), pakan dengan penambahan TRA 20% pengganti jagung + 2% TKM (R2B), pakan dengan penambahan TRA 30% pengganti jagung + 1% TKM (R3A) dan pakan dengan penambahan TRA 30% pengganti jagung + 2% TKM (R3B). Variabel yang diamati yaitu bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan dan IOFC. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, apabila berbeda nyata diuji lanjut dengan metode Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap bobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan dan IOFC. Perlakuan R2B yang mengandung 20% TRA dan 1% TKM memiliki performan pertumbuhan yang mendekati perlakuan kontrol. Adapun perlakuan R3A yang mengandung 30% TRA menghasilkan nilai IOFC yang lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Dengan demikian, pemberian 20% TRA dan 2.0% TKM direkomendasikan untuk memperbaiki performan pertumbuhan dan pemberian 30% TRA dapat diaplikasikan untuk menurunkan nilai IOFC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Sivaraman, Vijay, Liguo Zhang, Eric G. Meissner, Jerry L. Jeffrey, and Lishan Su. "The Heptad Repeat 2 Domain Is a Major Determinant for Enhanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Fusion and Pathogenicity of a Highly Pathogenic HIV-1 Env." Journal of Virology 83, no. 22 (September 2, 2009): 11715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00649-09.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-mediated depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes in an infected individual is the hallmark of progression to AIDS. However, the mechanism for this depletion remains unclear. To identify mechanisms of HIV-1-mediated CD4 T-cell death, two similar viral isolates obtained from a rapid progressor patient with significantly different pathogenic phenotypes were studied. One isolate (R3A) demonstrates enhanced pathogenesis in both in vivo models and relevant ex vivo lymphoid organ model systems compared to another isolate, R3B. The pathogenic determinants were previously mapped to the V5-gp41 envelope region, correlating functionally with enhanced fusion activity and elevated CXCR4 binding affinity. To further elucidate specific differences between R3A and R3B within the V5-gp41 domains that enhance CD4 depletion, R3A-R3B chimeras to study the V5-gp41 region were developed. Our data demonstrate that six residues in the ectodomain of R3A provide the major determinant for both enhanced Env-cell fusion and pathogenicity. Furthermore, three amino acid differences in the heptad repeat 2 (HR-2) domain of R3A determined its fusion activity and significantly elevated its pathogenic activity. The chimeric viruses with enhanced fusion activity, but not elevated CXCR4 affinity, correlated with high pathogenicity in the thymus organ. We conclude that the functional domain of a highly pathogenic HIV-1 Env is determined by mutations in the HR-2 region that contribute to enhanced fusion and CD4 T-cell depletion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Belfaiza, M., D. Rondelaud, M. Moncef, and G. Dreyfuss. "Fasciola hepatica: cercarial productivity of redial generations in long-surviving Galba truncatula." Journal of Helminthology 78, no. 2 (June 2004): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2003213.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBimiracidial infections of Galba truncatula with Fasciola hepatica were carried out to determine the effect of food quality on the frequency of 1- and 2-sporocyst infections, to analyse its impact on the developmental patterns (normal, or abnormal) of redial generations, and to verify its consequences on cercarial production. These investigations were performed in snails reared at 20°C and provided with cos lettuce and commercial fish food (Tetraphyll®) as a food source until their death. Double-sporocyst infections with normal development of redial generations were recorded in 43.9% of infected snails (out of 296). Single-sporocyst infections were noted in the other snails, with normal development of generations in 53.7% and abnormal development (the first mother redia early degenerated) in 2.4%. Four successive redial generations were found in long-surviving snails (more than 90 days). In both 1- and 2-sporocyst infections, showing normal development of generations, the daughter rediae, which exited from the first mother redia (R2a rediae), constituted the greater group of free rediae and produced the highest percentages of cercariae (46.2–48.2%). However, the development of these rediae inside the snail body was slower in 2-sporocyst infections than in 1-sporocyst infections. The numbers of rediae noted in subsequent generations (R2b/R3a and R3b/R4a rediae) were similar, whatever the number of full-grown sporocysts. The number of shed cercariae recorded in the 1- and 2-sporocyst infections did not significantly differ. When long-surviving snails died, 19.8–20.7% of cercariae produced by free rediae (essentially by R2b/R3a and R3b/R4a rediae) were still present in their bodies. The increased frequency of 2-sporocyst infections demonstrated that food quality had a significant effect on the redial burden of F. hepatica developing inside G. truncatula.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Huang, Sanwen, Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers, Jeroen S. Werij, Ronald C. B. Hutten, Herman J. van Eck, Richard G. F. Visser, and Evert Jacobsen. "The R3 Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in Potato is Conferred by Two Closely Linked R Genes with Distinct Specificities." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 17, no. 4 (April 2004): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.4.428.

Full text

Abstract:

The R3 locus of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) confers full resistance to avirulent isolates of Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight. R3 resides in the distal part of chromosome 11 and segregates in a potato mapping population, from which a well-saturated amplified fragment length polymorphism map is available. Using a population of 1,748 plants, we constructed a high-resolution genetic map at the R3 locus. Using the combination of fine mapping and accurate disease testing with specific P. infestans isolates, we detected that the R3 locus is composed of two genes with distinct specificities. The two genes R3a and R3b are 0.4 cM apart and have both been introgressed from S. demissum, the ‘donor’ species of most characterized race-specific R genes to P. infestans. A natural recombinant between R3a and R3b was discovered in one accession of S. demissum. The synteny between the R3 locus and the tomato I2 locus is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Legou, P. "R3B time projection chamber." EPJ Web of Conferences 31 (2012): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20123100031.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Augot, D., M. Abrous, D. Rondelaud, G. Dreyfuss, and J. Cabaret. "Fasciola hepatica: an unusual development of redial generations in an isolate of Lymnaea truncatula." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 1 (January 1999): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x99000037.

Full text

Abstract:

Single-miracidium infections of Lymnaea truncatula by Fasciola hepatica were experimentally carried out to identify the redial generations of this trematode when the larval development was unusual (when the first-appearing mother redia, or R1a redia, died after its exit from the sporocyst). Four parameters were measured in the body and pharyngeal region at weekly intervals. At day 49 post-exposure at 20°C, the body of the second mother rediae (R1b) was significantly longer than that of the subsequent generations, R2a and R2b/R3a (a mean of 3.0 mm instead of 1.0 and 0.9 mm, respectively). The body was significantly wider in the R1b and R2a groups than in the R2b/R3a rediae. The pharyngeal lumen was significantly wider in the R1b group than in the R2a and R2b/R3a rediae (a mean of 48.6 μm instead of 10.8 and 3.3 μm at day 49). The thickness of the pharyngeal wall did not differ in the R1b and R2b/R3a groups, but was significantly lower in the R2a group (19.5 μm instead of 23.0–23.6 at day 49). There was better development of R1b and R2b/R3a rediae in the snails when the R1a redia died, compared with normal larval development (with a living R1a redia).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Reszka-Blanco, Natalia J., Vijay Sivaraman, Liguo Zhang, and Lishan Su. "HIV-1 Env and Nef Cooperatively Contribute to Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation via CD4-Dependent Mechanisms." Journal of Virology 89, no. 15 (May 13, 2015): 7604–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00695-15.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the major source of type I IFN (IFN-I) in response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. pDCs are rapidly activated during HIV-1 infection and are implicated in reducing the early viral load, as well as contributing to HIV-1-induced pathogenesis. However, most cell-free HIV-1 isolates are inefficient in activating human pDCs, and the mechanisms of HIV-1 recognition by pDCs and pDC activation are not clearly defined. In this study, we report that two genetically similar HIV-1 variants (R3A and R3B) isolated from a rapid progressor differentially activated pDCs to produce alpha interferon (IFN-α). The highly pathogenic R3A efficiently activated pDCs to induce robust IFN-α production, while the less pathogenic R3B did not. The viral determinant for efficient pDC activation was mapped to the V1V2 region of R3A Env, which also correlated with enhanced CD4 binding activity. Furthermore, we showed that the Nef protein was also required for the activation of pDCs by R3A. Analysis of a panel of R3A Nef functional mutants demonstrated that Nef domains involved in CD4 downregulation were necessary for R3A to activate pDCs. Our data indicate that R3A-induced pDC activation depends on (i) the high affinity of R3A Env for binding the CD4 receptor and (ii) Nef activity, which is involved in CD4 downregulation. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which HIV-1 induces IFN-α in pDCs, which contributes to pathogenesis.IMPORTANCEPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the major type I interferon (IFN-I)-producing cells, and IFN-I actually contributes to pathogenesis during chronic viral infections. How HIV-1 activates pDCs and the roles of pDCs/IFN-I in HIV-1 pathogenesis remain unclear. We report here that the highly pathogenic HIV R3A efficiently activated pDCs to induce IFN-α production, while most HIV-1 isolates are inefficient in activating pDCs. We have discovered that R3A-induced pDC activation depends on (i) the high affinity of R3A Env for binding the CD4 receptor and (ii) Nef activity, which is involved in CD4 downregulation. Our findings thus provide new insights into the mechanism by which HIV-1 induces IFN-α in pDCs and contributes to HIV-1 pathogenesis. These novel findings will be of great interest to those working on the roles of IFN and pDCs in HIV-1 pathogenesis in general and on the interaction of HIV-1 with pDCs in particular.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Augot, D., D. Rondelaud, G. Dreyfuss, J. Cabaret, C. Bayssade-Dufour, and J. L. Albaret. "Characterization of Fasciola hepatica redial generations by morphometry and chaetotaxy under experimental conditions." Journal of Helminthology 72, no. 3 (September 1998): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00016436.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractMorphometric and chaetotactic studies were carried out on the body and cephalic regions of the rediae of Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Fasciolidae) in order to precisely identify the different redial generations of this trematode in Lymnaea truncatula under experimental infection. At day 49 post-exposure at 20°C, the length of the redia was significantly higher in the first group of the first generation (R1a) compared with successive generations, R1b, R2a and R2b/R3a. The width of the body was similar in the R1a, R1b, and R2a rediae, but was significantly lower in the R2b/R3a groups. The intrapharyngeal cavity of R1a rediae was significantly wider compared with the R1b, R2a, and R2b/R3a groups, whereas the pharyngeal wall was significantly thicker in the R2b/R3a rediae compared with the R1b and R2a groups. Four other measurements, namely the maximum length and width of the pharynx, diameter of the mouth, and width of intestine, also showed significant variations in relation to pharyngeal morphology and age of infection. Discriminant analysis based on these measurements demonstrated that 98% of the rediae were readily categorized into the four groups identified. The number of perioral sensillae ranged from 126 to 160 but a significant difference was only noted between the mean values of the first generation and those of the group R2b/R3a. From these parameters, the maximum width of the pharyngeal lumen was found to be the best characteristic in the identification of the redial generations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Fazilleau, Philippe, Christophe Berriaud, Franois-Paul Juster, and Bernard Gastineau. "The R3B-GLAD Quench Protection System." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 20, no. 3 (June 2010): 2074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2010.2043516.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Borri, M., R. Lemmon, J. Thornhill, R. Bate, M. Chartier, N. Clague, R. D. Herzberg, et al. "Detector production for the R3B Si-tracker." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 836 (November 2016): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.08.050.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Huang, Sanwen, Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers, Richard G. F. Visser, and Evert Jacobsen. "An Accurate In Vitro Assay for High-Throughput Disease Testing of Phytophthora infestans in Potato." Plant Disease 89, no. 12 (December 2005): 1263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1263.

Full text

Abstract:

An in vitro inoculation assay was developed as a routine disease testing method to study gene-for-gene interactions in the potato (Solanum tuberosum)-Phytophthora infestans pathosystem. The specificity and reliability of the new method was compared with the well-established detached-leaf assay. Four P. infestans isolates were tested for avirulence on a set of R gene differentials using tissue cultured plantlets and detached leaves. Both methods gave identical conclusions on avirulence profiles of all isolates. A population of 93 clones was phenotyped for segregation of two closely linked and functionally distinct genes—R3a and R3b—in the R3 locus. Both methods resulted in phenotypic scorings that were in perfect agreement for all clones. Furthermore, the phenotyping of the population was fully consistent with the genotyping obtained from analysis of molecular markers that flank each gene. This new assay is quick, space-effective, and accurate and can be used for investigation of the qualitative interaction between potato and P. infestans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Kresan, Dmytro, Michael Heil, and Mohammad Al-Turany. "A High-Precision Tracking Algorithm for Mass Reconstruction of Heavy-Ion Fragments in the R3B Experiment at FAIR." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 02038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921402038.

Full text

Abstract:

The multi-purpose R3B (Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams) setup at the future FAIR facility in Darmstadt will be used for various experiments with exotic beams in inverse kinematics. In front and after the reaction target a combination of detectors serves for particle identification and momentum measurements. In order to perform a high-precision charge identification of heavy-ion fragments and achieve a momentum resolution of 10-3 following is required: a time of flight (ToF) measurement with up to 15 ps accuracy, position determination on the order of less than 0.5 mm and a dedicated algorithm for the heavy-ion tracking in highly non-homogeneous dipole field. With these constraints a tracking package is being developed and tested within the R3B software framework, this package has to go into production in fall of 2018. An iterative approach has been chosen for simultaneous track finding and fitting. The design and concept of the package are introduced in this paper, also the tests and the resolution measured with simulated data are presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cortina-Gil, D., H. Alvarez-Pol, T. Aumann, V. Avdeichikov, M. Bendel, J. Benlliure, D. Bertini, et al. "CALIFA, a Dedicated Calorimeter for the R3B/FAIR." Nuclear Data Sheets 120 (June 2014): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2014.07.017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Luckert, Stefan, Ulli Englert, and Peter Paetzold. "(Iminoboryl)borate [R3BBNR]−: Durch Elektrophile E induzierte Umlagerung zu (Aminoboryl)boranen R2BBRNRE." Chemische Berichte 129, no. 3 (March 1996): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19961290318.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Alvarez-Pol, H., J. Benlliure, E. Casarejos, D. Cortina, I. Durán, and M. Gascón. "Design studies and first crystal tests for the R3B calorimeter." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 266, no. 19-20 (October 2008): 4616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2008.05.113.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Rossi, D. M., P. Adrich, F. Aksouh, H. Alvarez-Pol, T. Aumann, J. Benlliure, M. Böhmer, et al. "Coulomb excitation of exotic nuclei at the R3B-LAND setup." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 420 (March 25, 2013): 012072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/420/1/012072.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Tengblad, O. "NUSTAR and the status of the R3B project at FAIR." Pramana 75, no. 2 (August 2010): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-010-0122-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Rogozina, Elena V., Mariya P. Beketova, Oksana A. Muratova, Mariya A. Kuznetsova, and Emil E. Khavkin. "Stacking Resistance Genes in Multiparental Interspecific Potato Hybrids to Anticipate Late Blight Outbreaks." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010115.

Full text

Abstract:

Stacking (pyramiding) several resistance genes of diverse race specificity in one and the same plant by hybridization provides for high and durable resistance to major diseases, such as potato late blight (LB), especially when breeders combine highly efficient genes for broad-spectrum resistance that are novel to the intruding pathogens. Our collection of potato hybrids manifesting long-lasting LB resistance comprises, as a whole, the germplasm of 26 or 22 Solanum species (as treated by Bukasov and Hawkes, respectively), with up to 8–9 species listed in the pedigree of an individual hybrid. This collection was screened with the markers of ten genes for race-specific resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi genes) initially identified in S. demissum (R1, R2, R3a, R3b, and R8), S. bulbocastanum/S. stoloniferum (Rpi-blb1/ Rpi-sto1, Rpi-blb2, Rpi-blb3) and S. venturii (Rpi-vnt1). The hybrids comprised the markers for up to four-six Rpi genes per plant, and the number of markers was significantly related to LB resistance. Nevertheless, a considerable portion of resistance apparently depended on presently insufficiently characterized resistance genes. Bred from these multiparental hybrids, the advanced lines with the stacks of broad-specificity Rpi genes will help anticipate LB outbreaks caused by rapid pathogen evolution and the arrival of new pathogen strains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Rietman, Hendrik, Gerard Bijsterbosch, Liliana M. Cano, Heung-Ryul Lee, Jack H. Vossen, Evert Jacobsen, Richard G. F. Visser, Sophien Kamoun, and Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers. "Qualitative and Quantitative Late Blight Resistance in the Potato Cultivar Sarpo Mira Is Determined by the Perception of Five Distinct RXLR Effectors." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 25, no. 7 (July 2012): 910–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-12-0010-r.

Full text

Abstract:

Potato defends against Phytophthora infestans infection by resistance (R)-gene-based qualitative resistance as well as a quantitative field resistance. R genes are renowned to be rapidly overcome by this oomycete, and potato cultivars with a decent and durable resistance to current P. infestans populations are hardly available. However, potato cultivar Sarpo Mira has retained resistance in the field over several years. We dissected the resistance of ‘Sarpo Mira’ in a segregating population by matching the responses to P. infestans RXLR effectors with race-specific resistance to differential strains. The resistance is based on the combination of four pyramided qualitative R genes and a quantitative R gene that was associated with field resistance. The qualitative R genes include R3a, R3b, R4, and the newly identified Rpi-Smira1. The qualitative resistances matched responses to avirulence (AVR)3a, AVR3b, AVR4, and AVRSmira1 RXLR effectors and were overcome by particular P. infestans strains. The quantitative resistance was determined to be conferred by a novel gene, Rpi-Smira2. It was only detected under field conditions and was associated with responses to the RXLR effector AvrSmira2. We foresee that effector-based resistance breeding will facilitate selecting and combining qualitative and quantitative resistances that may lead to a more durable resistance to late blight.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Gu, Biao, Xiaoli Cao, Xiaoli Zhou, Zhaodan Chen, Qinhu Wang, Wei Liu, Qin Chen, and Hua Zhao. "The Histological, Effectoromic, and Transcriptomic Analyses of Solanum pinnatisectum Reveal an Upregulation of Multiple NBS-LRR Genes Suppressing Phytophthora infestans Infection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 3211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093211.

Full text

Abstract:

Utilization of disease resistance components from wild potatoes is a promising and sustainable approach to control Phytophthora blight. Here, we combined avirulence (Avr) genes screen with RNA-seq analysis to discover the potential mechanism of resistance in Mexican wild potato species, Solanum pinnatisectum. Histological characterization displayed that hyphal expansion was significantly restricted in epidermal cells and mesophyll cell death was predominant, indicating that a typical defense response was initiated in S. pinnatisectum. Inoculation of S. pinnatisectum with diverse Phytophthora infestans isolates showed distinct resistance patterns, suggesting that S. pinnatisectum has complex genetic resistance to most of the prevalent races of P. infestans in northwestern China. Further analysis by Avr gene screens and comparative transcriptomic profiling revealed the presence and upregulation of multiple plant NBS-LRR genes corresponding to biotic stresses. Six NBS-LRR alleles of R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4, and Rpi-smira2 were detected, and over 60% of the 112 detected NLR proteins were significantly induced in S. pinnatisectum. On the contrary, despite the expression of the Rpi-blb1, Rpi-vnt1, and Rpi-smira1 alleles, fewer NLR proteins were expressed in susceptible Solanum cardophyllum. Thus, the enriched NLR genes in S. pinnatisectum make it an ideal genetic resource for the discovery and deployment of resistance genes for potato breeding.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Rogozina, Elena V., Mariya P. Beketova, Oksana A. Muratova, Mariya A. Kuznetsova, and Emil E. Khavkin. "Stacking Resistance Genes in Multiparental Interspecific Potato Hybrids to Anticipate Late Blight Outbreaks." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010115.

Full text

Abstract:

Stacking (pyramiding) several resistance genes of diverse race specificity in one and the same plant by hybridization provides for high and durable resistance to major diseases, such as potato late blight (LB), especially when breeders combine highly efficient genes for broad-spectrum resistance that are novel to the intruding pathogens. Our collection of potato hybrids manifesting long-lasting LB resistance comprises, as a whole, the germplasm of 26 or 22 Solanum species (as treated by Bukasov and Hawkes, respectively), with up to 8–9 species listed in the pedigree of an individual hybrid. This collection was screened with the markers of ten genes for race-specific resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi genes) initially identified in S. demissum (R1, R2, R3a, R3b, and R8), S. bulbocastanum/S. stoloniferum (Rpi-blb1/ Rpi-sto1, Rpi-blb2, Rpi-blb3) and S. venturii (Rpi-vnt1). The hybrids comprised the markers for up to four-six Rpi genes per plant, and the number of markers was significantly related to LB resistance. Nevertheless, a considerable portion of resistance apparently depended on presently insufficiently characterized resistance genes. Bred from these multiparental hybrids, the advanced lines with the stacks of broad-specificity Rpi genes will help anticipate LB outbreaks caused by rapid pathogen evolution and the arrival of new pathogen strains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Alvarez-Pol, H., N. Ashwood, T. Aumann, D. Bertini, P. Cabanelas, E. Casarejos, J. Cederkall, et al. "Performance analysis for the CALIFA Barrel calorimeter of the R3B experiment." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 767 (December 2014): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2014.09.018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Bertini, Denis. "R3BRoot, simulation and analysis framework for the R3B experiment at FAIR." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 331, no. 3 (December 23, 2011): 032036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/331/3/032036.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Jones, L., S. Bell, Q. Morrissey, M. Prydderch, I. Church, I. Lazarus, M. Kogimtzis, et al. "A 128-channel event driven readout ASIC for the R3B tracker." Journal of Instrumentation 11, no. 02 (February 24, 2016): C02076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/02/c02076.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Holzapfel, H., P. Nenning, and O. Wildner. "Quarternäre bororganische Verbindungen; V. Verbindungen des Typs Me2[R3BR'BR3]." Zeitschrift für Chemie 6, no. 1 (September 2, 2010): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zfch.19660060115.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Vignoles, P., G. Dreyfuss, and D. Rondelaud. "Redial growth and cercarial productivity of Fasciola hepatica in three species of young lymnaeid snails." Journal of Helminthology 76, no. 3 (September 2002): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2002118.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractExperimental infections of 1-mm high snails using three populations of Lymnaea (L. glabra, L. ovata and L. truncatula) and a cattle strain of Fasciola hepatica miracidia were carried out under laboratory conditions to determine if the snail species had an effect on the number of free rediae, their growth, and cercarial productivity in relation to each redial category (R1a, R1b, R2a, or R2b/R3a). The total number of rediae ranged from 6.4 to 7.5 per snail. The mean body length of rediae varied from 1–1.2 mm (R1a) to 0.3–0.4 mm (R2b/R3a). The width of the intrapharyngeal lumen also varied from 26.0–38.8 μm to 3.0–4.2 μm, respectively. The redial category had a significant effect on both measurements, whereas snail species only had a significant influence on body length. The mean number of cercariae produced by all living rediae at day 49 post-exposure ranged from 63.0 in L. glabra to 87.2 in L. truncatula. In L. ovata and L. truncatula, 55.8% and 58.6% of cercariae, respectively, were produced by R2a rediae, whereas 53.9% of cercariae in L. glabra were formed by the R1b rediae. When young snails were infected with F. hepatica, the species of snail had an effect on the number of living rediae, their length and their cercarial productivity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Einholz, Wolfgang, and Wolfgang Haubold. "Borylierte Carbodiimide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 41, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 1367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1986-1109.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The borylated carbodiimides 3 a, 3b and 4 can be synthesized by reaction of the 2-chloro-1,3,2-diazaborolidines 2a, 2b with Me3Si -N = C = N -SiMe3 (1) or Me3Si -N = C = N -tBu respectively. In the reaction of the non cyclic haloboranes R2BHal (R = Ph, Me, Me2N) 2c -e with 1 R3B is formed and for R = Me, Me2N polymeric (RBNCN)n is obtained, whilst the spectroscopically identified intermediate products only in the case of R = Ph can be isolated. The chloroborolane 2f leads to the polymeric diborylated carbodiimide 3f, probably due to intermolecular B -N-coordination. H2N -CN forms with 9-BBN the monoborylated cyanamide 8 .

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Sun, Z., S. Cazaux, P. Daniel-Thomas, B. Gastineau, P. Graffin, M. Massinger, C. Mayri, F. Nunio, and C. Pes. "Mechanical Behavior of the Cold Mass Assembly of the R3B-GLAD Magnet." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 18, no. 2 (June 2008): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2008.921337.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Pramanik, U. Datta, S. Chakraborty, P. Basu, J. Basu, P. Banerjee, D. Bemmerer, S. Bose, et al. "Development of MMRPC prototype for the NeuLAND detector of the R3B collaboration." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 661 (January 2012): S149—S152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.10.055.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Pes, C., P. Fazilleau, B. Gastineau, P. Graffin, J. P. Lottin, and C. Mayri. "Temperature Distribution During the Cooling Down of the R3B Magnet Cold Mass." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 20, no. 3 (June 2010): 1908–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2010.2044650.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Disset, G., C. Berriaud, A. Donati, B. Gastineau, P. Godon, and C. Mayri. "R3B-Glad Magnet Cold Mass Manufacture: Coils and Casings Fabrication and Integration." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 22, no. 3 (June 2012): 4500804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2011.2180288.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Cabanelas, P., H. Alvarez-Pol, J. M. Boillos, E. Casarejos, J. Cederkall, D. Cortina, M. Feijoo, et al. "Commissioning of the CALIFA Barrel Calorimeter of the R3B Experiment at FAIR." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1667 (October 2020): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1667/1/012006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Sun, Z., P. Graffin, G. Disset, S. Cazaux, A. Dael, P. Daniel-Thomas, B. Gastineau, et al. "The Final Design of the R3B-GLAD Cold Mass Assembly and Manufacturing Status." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 20, no. 3 (June 2010): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2010.2048018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Kresan, Dmytro, Mohammad Al-Turany, and Florian Uhlig. "Online / Offline reconstruction of trigger-less readout in the R3B experiment at FAIR." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 664, no. 8 (December 23, 2015): 082021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/664/8/082021.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Gascon, MartÍn, Hector Alvarez-Pol, JosÉ Benlliure, Enrique Casarejos, Dolores Cortina-Gil, and Ignacio Duran. "Optimization of Energy Resolution Obtained With CsI(Tl) Crystals for the R3B Calorimeter." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 55, no. 3 (June 2008): 1259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2008.922808.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Boretzky, K., I. Gašparić, M. Heil, J. Mayer, A. Heinz, C. Caesar, D. Kresan, et al. "NeuLAND: The high-resolution neutron time-of-flight spectrometer for R3B at FAIR." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1014 (October 2021): 165701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165701.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Vallcorba, R., C. Mayri, B. Gastineau, W. Abdel Maksoud, A. Donati, L. Genini, D. Gibier, et al. "Cryogenic Operation on the R3B-Glad Large Acceptance Superconducting Dipole Spectrometer at CEA Saclay." Physics Procedia 67 (2015): 885–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2015.06.149.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Casarejos, E., J. Benlliure, H. Alvarez-Pol, Y. Ayyad, I. Durán, N. Montes, C. Paradela, J. R. Pereira, and D. Pérez-Loureiro. "Design of iToF: A ToF-wall detector to identify relativistic ions in R3B-FAIR." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 661 (January 2012): S137—S140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.09.069.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Lemmon, R. "Studies of the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter with R3B at FAIR." EPJ Web of Conferences 31 (2012): 00029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20123100029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Casarejos, E., H. Alvarez-Pol, D. Cortina-Gil, I. Durán, P. Izquierdo, P. Yañez, and J. A. Vilán. "The mechanical design of the BARREL section of the detector CALIFA for R3B-FAIR." EPJ Web of Conferences 66 (2014): 11037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20146611037.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Gascon, Martín, Hector Alvarez-Pol, José Benlliure, Enrique Casarejos, Dolores Cortina-Gil, Ignacio Duran, David Gonzalez, and Noelia Montes. "Test of LAAPDs Coupled to CsI(Tl) Crystals for the CALIFA R3B/FAIR Calorimeter." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 57, no. 3 (June 2010): 1465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2010.2041071.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kataria, Ritu, and Anurag Khatkar. "Contribution of Resveratrol in the Development of Novel Urease Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 22, no. 4 (July 24, 2019): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207322666190410150216.

Full text

Abstract:

Aims and Objective: A new library of resveratrol derivatives was designed and synthesized in excellent yield via two-step reaction utilizing Vilsmeier reaction as the first step and subsequent addition of substituted aromatic amine in the second step. Methods: Synthesized compounds were investigated for their antioxidant as well as for in vitro inhibition activity against jack bean urease enzyme. Compounds R3b and R4 with IC50 value 18.85±0.15 and 21.60±0.19µM against urease enzyme and 6.01±0.07 and 7.52±0.14µM in vitro- DPPH free radical scavenging activity have emerged as most active molecules from the selected library. Molecular simulation studies were also carried out for determining the interaction detail of newly synthesized compounds within a protein pocket. Results and Conclusion: Newly synthesized compounds were found to possess better docking score (-5.941 to -6.894) and binding energy (-46.854 to -56.455) as compared to the parent resveratrol (-5.45 and -20.155) which revealed that the newly synthesized compounds bind in a better way as compared to the parent molecule

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Alvarez-Pol, H., J. Benlliure, E. Casarejos, I. Durán, N. Montes, and D. Pérez-Loureiro. "Conceptual design of a large area time-of-flight wall for the R3B experiment at FAIR." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 158 (August 2006): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.07.029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Ayyad, Y., E. Casarejos, J. Benlliure, H. Alvarez-Pol, I. Durán, N. Montes, C. Paradela, and J. R. Pereira. "First results with RPC prototypes for the detection of relativistic heavy-ions at the R3B experiment." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 661 (January 2012): S141—S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.08.079.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Régnier, Jean-François, Christophe Imbert, and Jean-Charles Boutonnet. "Evaluation of the EYTEX® System as a Screening Method for the Ocular Irritancy of Chemical Products." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 22, no. 1 (January 1994): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299402200106.

Full text

Abstract:

The EYTEX® method is an in vitro test used to predict ocular irritation, based on alterations in a protein matrix. We have evaluated this method with the aim of using it to screen chemicals. One hundred and forty-two products (commodities and specialities), having a wide range of chemical properties and ocular irritation potential in the rabbit, were tested with either the standard, MPA, AMA, KMA or UMA protocols. The results were compared with in vivo data obtained previously for each chemical and with the EEC labelling of eye irritation for dangerous substances. Intralaboratory repeatability and interlaboratory reproducibility were evaluated with seven other laboratories. Ninety-three per cent of the chemicals tested were qualified with the EYTEX method. The coefficients of the linear correlation between the EYTEX score and the maximal Draize score on the one hand and the maximal corneal score on the other hand, were 0.69 and 0.65, respectively. Compared to the EEC classification, the labelling of dangerous substances and for the prediction of severe irritants, sensitivity, specificity and equivalence were 94%, 89% and 78%, respectively. We observed nine false positives (22%) and two false negatives (2%) for the identification of R41-, R34- and R35-labelled products. The predictive values, for identifying R41, R34 and R35 products and non-irritants or R36 products were 78% and 97%, respectively. Repeatability (6.3) and reproducibility (8.9) were quite satisfactory. The EYTEX system exhibits the characteristics of a good screening method: compatibility with a large range of chemicals; a simple and rapid procedure; good intralaboratory and interlaboratory reproducibility; cost effectiveness; high sensitivity, specificity and predictive value; and a low incidence of false negative and false positive results. Based on these results, we consider the EYTEX method to be a valuable tool for the screening of eye irritancy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Casarejos, E., Y. Ayyad, J. Benlliure, I. Durán, P. Izquierdo, M. López-Lago, C. Paradela, A. Segade, and J. A. Vilán. "Structural design of an RPC-based time-of-flight wall for ions (iTOF) for the R3B-FAIR experiment." Journal of Instrumentation 7, no. 11 (November 16, 2012): P11015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/11/p11015.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ribeiro, G., M. Mårtensson, and A. Perea. "An idea for the future proton detection of (p,2p) reactions with the R3B set-up at FAIR." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 599 (April 23, 2015): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/599/1/012034.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Abrous, M., D. Rondelaud, and G. Dreyfuss. "Cercarial productivity of redial generations in single-miracidium infections of Lymnaea truncatula with Paramphistomum daubneyi or Fasciola hepatica." Journal of Helminthology 74, no. 1 (March 2000): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00000019.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractSingle-miracidium infections of Lymnaea truncatula with Paramphistomum daubneyi or with Fasciola hepatica were carried out under laboratory conditions to count free rediae, their germinal embryos, and to determine the cercarial productivity of each redial generation. In snails infected by P. daubneyi, the cercariae were produced by the first (8.7 cercariae per redia) and second (8.9 per redia) generations. At day 63 post-exposure, they corresponded, respectively, to 53.9% and 46.1% of cercariae produced by all rediae. In snails infected by F. hepatica, the majority of cercariae were produced by the R2a group (18.2 cercariae per redia) and corresponded to 66.0% of cercariae produced all rediae. The cercariae produced by the other redial groups were more limited in number: 17.5 per redia in the R1b group (28.7%) and 2.0 per redia in the R2b/R3a group (5.3%). Cercarial productivity of P. daubneyi until day 63 post-exposure was more limited in number than that of F. hepatica: a total of 145 cercariae per snail versus 427 per snail.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!