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1
Kaciuczyk, Tobiasz, Tomasz Korga, and Jakub Smołka. "Functional and performance analysis of selected message brokers in a distributed application." Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 14 (March 30, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.1570.
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Article presents results of performance analysis of selected message brokers: Apache ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ and Apache Kafka. To analyze has been subjected time of messaging determined based by time of sending and receiving message. Tests were carried out by authorial client application, written in Java language. The research was supplemented with a theoretical description of each tools architecture, including JMS and AMQP specifications and a basic description of brokers functionality.
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Zikky, Moh, Rizky Yuniar Hakkun, and Buchori Rafsanjani. "Indonesian Sign Language API (OpenSIBI API) as The Gateway Services for Myo Armband." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (IJAIR) 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/ijair.v1i1.2026.
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We create an API (Application Programming Interface) for Indonesian Sign Language (Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia/SIBI) which is called OpenSIBI. In this case study, we use the Myo Armband device to capture hand gesture data movement. It uses five sensors: Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Orientation, Orientation-Euler, and EMG. First, we record, convert and save those data into JSON dataset in the server as data learning. Then, every data request (trial data) from the client will compare them using k-NN Normalization process. OpenSIBI API works as the middleware which integrated to RabbitMQ as the queue request arranger. Every service request from the client will automatically spread to the server with the queue process. As the media observation, we create a client data request by SIBI Words and Alphabeth Game, which allows the user to answer several stages of puzzle-game with Indonesian Sign Language hand gesture. Game-player must use the Myo armband as an interactive device that reads the hand movement and its fingers for answering the questions given. Thus, the data will be classified and normalized by the k-NN algorithm, which will be processed on the server. In this process, data will pass OpenAPI SIBI (which connected to RabbitMQ) to queue every incoming data-request. So, the obtained data will be processed one by one and sent it back to the client as the answer.
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Nugroho, A., Widyawan, and S. S. Kusumawardani. "Distributed Classifier for SDGs Topics in Online News using RabbitMQ Message Broker." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1577 (July 2020): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1577/1/012026.
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Moskvicheva, K. S., and M. V. Dolgachev. "Industry Paper: Kafka versus RabbitMQ. A comparative study of two industry reference publish/subscribe implementations." Youth Science Forum Journal 1, no. 4 (October 2020): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35599/forummn/01.04.01.
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Pathak, Abhishek D. "Internet of Things: Reliablity & Availability of Advanced Queuing Mechanism in RabbitMQ, Issues & challenges." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 13, no. 14 (December 25, 2020): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/13.14/5.
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Dost, Jeffrey, Edgar Fajardo, Brian Bockelman, Leonardo Hernández-Cano, Caitlin Hung, Naveen Kashyap, Frank Würthwein, and Marian Zvada. "Factory Monitoring for the 21st Century." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 03038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921403038.
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A key aspect of pilot-based grid operations are the GlideinWMS pilot factories. A proper and efficient use of any central block in the grid infrastructure for operations is inevitable, and GlideinWMS factories are no exception. The monitoring package for the GlideinWMS factory was originally developed when the factories were serving a couple of VOs and tens of sites. Today with the factories serving tens of VOs and hundreds of sites around the globe an update of the monitoring is due. Moreover with the new availability of industry open source storage and graphing packages an opportunity remains open.This work presents the changes made to the factory monitoring to leverage different technologies: Elasticsearch, RabbitMQ, Grafana, and InfluxDB to provide a centralized view of the status and work of several GlideinWMS factories located in different continents around the globe.
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Skorpil, Vladislav, and Vaclav Oujezsky. "Parallel Genetic Algorithms’ Implementation Using a Scalable Concurrent Operation in Python." Sensors 22, no. 6 (March 20, 2022): 2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062389.
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This paper presents an implementation of the parallelization of genetic algorithms. Three models of parallelized genetic algorithms are presented, namely the Master–Slave genetic algorithm, the Coarse-Grained genetic algorithm, and the Fine-Grained genetic algorithm. Furthermore, these models are compared with the basic serial genetic algorithm model. Four modules, Multiprocessing, Celery, PyCSP, and Scalable Concurrent Operation in Python, were investigated among the many parallelization options in Python. The Scalable Concurrent Operation in Python was selected as the most favorable option, so the models were implemented using the Python programming language, RabbitMQ, and SCOOP. Based on the implementation results and testing performed, a comparison of the hardware utilization of each deployed model is provided. The results’ implementation using SCOOP was investigated from three aspects. The first aspect was the parallelization and integration of the SCOOP module into the resulting Python module. The second was the communication within the genetic algorithm topology. The third aspect was the performance of the parallel genetic algorithm model depending on the hardware.
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Weitzel, Derek, Brian Bockelman, Marian Zvada, Kevin Retzke, and Shreyas Bhat. "GRACC: GRid ACcounting Collector." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 03032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921403032.
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The OSG has long maintained a central accounting system called Gratia. It uses small probes on each computing and storage resource in order to collect resource usage. The probes report to a central collector which stores the usage in a database. The database is then queried to generate reports. As the OSG aged, the size of the database grew very large. It became too large for the database technology to efficiently query to generate detailed reports. The design of a replacement requires data storage that could be queried efficiently to generate multi-year reports. Additionally, it requires flexibilityto add new attributes to the collected data. In this paper we will describe updates to the GRACC architecture in the last 18 months. GRACC uses modern web technologies that were designed for large data storage, query, and visualization. That includes the open source database Elasticsearch, message broker software RabbitMQ, and Grafana and Kibana as data visualization platforms. It uses multiple agents that perform operations on the data to transform it for easier querying and summarization.
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Hong, Bo, Hui Wang, and Zijian Cao. "An Effective Fault-Tolerant Intrusion Detection System under Distributed Environment." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (October 19, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2716881.
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Traditional intrusion detection system is limited to a single network or several hosts, which has been seriously unable to fulfill the growing information security problems. This paper uses the distributed technology to design and implement an intrusion detection system (IDS) based on the hybrid of Hadoop with some effective open-source technologies. On the one hand, it can efficiently realize the data acquisition and analysis under distributed environment. On the other hand, it can solve the problems of single-point fault-tolerant and the insufficient data processing capacity of the traditional intrusion detection system. In this IDS, RabbitMQ, Flume, and MongoDB are utilized to act as the middleware of this system to build the system environment which includes the collector, analyzer, and data storage. By detecting the CPU and memory usage of hosts, TCP connections, network bandwidth, web server operation logs, and the logs of user behavior, the proposed IDS especially focuses on monitoring the first four parts, which can better detect external distributed denial of service attacks and intrusions and send automatically alarm service information to the administrators.
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Speight, Claire. "Healthy rabbits and communicating with owners." Veterinary Nurse 11, no. 5 (June 2, 2020): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/vetn.2020.11.5.223.
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Rabbits need species-specific care, in order to meet their health, welfare and behavioural needs. Preventative health care is imperative to help keep rabbits healthy. Advice needs to be given to owners on their rabbit's dietary requirements, and why hay and grass is imperative as the bulk of their diet. Vaccinations to help prevent myxomatosis and rabbit viral haemorrhagic disease (RVHD1 and RVHD2) should be advised for all rabbits, including house rabbits. Rabbits require adequate space and the companionship of another rabbit to live a good quality life. They should have access to an exercise area, and have the choice of where to spend their time, without the need to be picked up and moved from a hutch to a run. Many owners will look to veterinary nurses for current advice, and it is important that nurses feel confident in offering the most up-to-date information. At times, it may be that owners need to make changes to the way they care for their rabbits, and being confident in explaining why these need to be implemented, and the positive effects these will have on the rabbit's life, is vital.
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Старовойтенко, O. "Дотримання вимог платформи IoT за допомогою хмарних рішень." COMPUTER-INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES: EDUCATION, SCIENCE, PRODUCTION, no. 42 (April 1, 2021): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36910/6775-2524-0560-2021-42-30.
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Інтернет речей (IoT) надає широкий спектр програм, що забезпечують підвищену обізнаність та контроль за фізичним середовищем. Поточні системи, як правило, локально сприймають і опрацьовують фізичні явища, а потім переносяться на хмарну інфраструктуру pub / sub (публікації / підписки) для розподілу даних датчиків та контролю серед кінцевих користувачів та зовнішніх служб. Незважаючи на популярність рішень pub / sub досі незрозуміло, які функції проміжне програмне забезпечення повинно мати, щоб успішно відповідати конкретним вимогам домену IoT. Питання як велика кількість підключених пристроїв, які лише епізодично надсилають невеликі повідомлення датчиків, впливають на пропускну здатність. У цій роботі ми розглядаємо дані обмеження, аналізуючи основні вимоги платформ IoT та оцінюючи, які з цих функцій підтримуються відомими opensource (відкритими рішеннями)pub / sub. Далі ми проведемо оцінку продуктивності в загальнодоступній хмарі, використовуючи чотири популярні реалізації pub / sub: RabbitMQ (AMQP), Mosquitto (MQTT), Ejabberd (XMPP) та ZeroMQ. Ми дослідимо максимальну стійку пропускну здатність та затримку в справжніх умовах навантаження, використовуючи дані від реальних датчиків. Хоча основні функції подібні, аналізовані системи pub / sub відрізняються своїми можливостями фільтрації, семантичними гарантіями та кодуванням. Наша оцінка показує, що ці відмінності можуть мати помітний вплив на пропускну здатність та затримку хмарних платформ IoT.
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Reichert, P., R. Rutowski, Z. Kiełbowicz, J. Kuryszko, M. Kiełbowicz, Ł. Michalak, and A. Bocheńska. "The rabbit brachial plexus as an experimental model – anatomy and surgical approach." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2014-0046.
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AbstractThe aim of our study was to analyze the anatomy and surgical approach of the rabbit brachial plexus. The research included 18 rabbits. The rabbit seems to be a good experimental model for spinal nerves injury, especially for the C5 and C6 segments. The anatomical structure of the rabbit’s brachial plexus is similar to the human brachial plexus. The structure of the rabbit C5 and C6 segments is analogous to the human structure. The spinal nerves of the C5 and C6 segments in the rabbit are wide and long enough for microsurgical procedures
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Cooke, Brian D. "Rabbits: manageable environmental pests or participants in new Australian ecosystems?" Wildlife Research 39, no. 4 (2012): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11166.
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Some theorists argue that plant and animal species introduced to new localities should be controlled only if they cause damage and not because they originated in another country; this warrants greater acceptance of introduced species as participants in new ecological associations in a rapidly changing world. To evaluate this concept and its relevance in setting directions for rabbit control in Australia, this idea is not only reviewed against information on the rabbit’s impact in Australian ecosystems but also against management policies, industrial drivers and social expectations. It is concluded that wild rabbits hold many natural Australian ecosystems in a degraded state and any beneficial ecological roles rabbits provide are small by comparison. Furthermore, rabbits can be controlled adequately to initiate ecosystem restoration. The idea that introduced rabbits should be more readily accepted as participants in new ecosystems is strongly counter-argued. Rabbits are not harmless passengers in Australian ecosystems and, to achieve ecosystem recovery, a high level of rabbit control is necessary.
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Chitic, Stefan-Gabriel, Ben Couturier, Marco Clemencic, and Joel Closier. "LHCb Continuous Integration and Deployment system: a message based approach." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921405001.
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A continuous integration system is crucial to maintain the quality of the 6 millions lines of C++ and Python source code of the LHCb software in order to ensure consistent builds of the software as well as to run the unit and integration tests. Jenkins automation server is used for this purpose. It builds and tests around 100 configurations and produces in the order of 1500 built artifacts per day which are installed on the CVMFS file system or potentially on the developers’ machines. Faced with a large and growing number of configurations built every day, and in order to ease inter-operation between the continuous integration system and the developers, we decided to put in place a flexible messaging system. As soon as the built artifacts have been produced, the distributed system allows their deployment based on the priority of the configurations. We will describe the architecture of the new system, which is based on RabbitMQ messaging system (and the pika Python client library), and uses priority queues to start the LHCb software integration tests and to drive the installation of the nightly builds on the CVMFS file system. We will also show how the introduction of an event based system can help with the communication of results to developers.
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Marín-García, Pablo Jesús, and Lola Llobat. "What Are the Keys to the Adaptive Success of European Wild Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the Iberian Peninsula?" Animals 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082453.
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The European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) plays an important ecological role in the ecosystems of the Iberian Peninsula. Recently, rabbit populations have drastically reduced, so the species is now considered endangered. However, in some places, this animal is considered a pest. This is the conservation paradox of the 21st century: the wild rabbit is both an invasive alien and an endangered native species. The authors of this review aimed to understand the keys to the adaptive success of European rabbits, addressing all aspects of their biology in order to provide the keys to the ecological management of this species. Aspects including nutrition, genetics, immunity interactions with the environment, behaviour, and conflict with human activities were reviewed. Ultimately, rabbits are resilient and adaptable. The main adaptations that explain the rabbit’s adaptive success are its nutrition (wide adaptation to food and good nutritional use of caecotrophy), immune system (powerful and developed), and other aspects related to genetics and behaviour. Rabbits’ relationship with humans has led them to colonise other places where they have become pests. Despite these adaptations, populations in native places have been drastically reduced in recent years. Since it serves as a bastion of the Mediterranean ecosystem, a specific conservation program for this species must be carried out. Therefore, a study of the rabbit’s response to diseases and nutrition (especially protein), as well as the interaction between them, is of special interest.
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Pop, Claudia, Marcel Antal, Tudor Cioara, Ionut Anghel, David Sera, Ioan Salomie, Giuseppe Raveduto, Denisa Ziu, Vincenzo Croce, and Massimo Bertoncini. "Blockchain-Based Scalable and Tamper-Evident Solution for Registering Energy Data." Sensors 19, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 3033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143033.
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Nowadays, it has been recognized that blockchain can provide the technological infrastructure for developing decentralized, secure, and reliable smart energy grid management systems. However, an open issue that slows the adoption of blockchain technology in the energy sector is the low scalability and high processing overhead when dealing with the real-time energy data collected by smart energy meters. Thus, in this paper, we propose a scalable second tier solution which combines the blockchain ledger with distributed queuing systems and NoSQL (Not Only SQL database) databases to allow the registration of energy transactions less frequently on the chain without losing the tamper-evident benefits brought by the blockchain technology. At the same time, we propose a technique for tamper-evident registration of smart meters’ energy data and associated energy transactions using digital fingerprinting which allows the energy transaction to be linked hashed-back on-chain, while the sensors data is stored off-chain. A prototype was implemented using Ethereum and smart contracts for the on-chain components while for the off-chain components we used Cassandra database and RabbitMQ messaging broker. The prototype proved to be effective in managing a settlement of energy imbalances use-case and during the evaluation conducted in simulated environment shows promising results in terms of scalability, throughput, and tampering of energy data sampled by smart energy meters.
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Wijaya, Anderias Eko, and Nur Imam Iskandar. "IMPLEMENTASI METODE SAW (SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING) SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK REKOMENDASI HABITAT KELINCI BERBASIS IoT (INTERNET OF THINGS)." Jurnal Teknologi dan Komunikasi STMIK Subang 13, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47561/a.v13i2.183.
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Rabbits are mammals from the family Leporidae (green plant eaters) which can be found in many parts of the earth. Rabbits are very susceptible to temperature changes. Temperature greatly affects the rabbit's body metabolism. The temperature ideal for rabbits is in the range of 60 – 650F or equal to 15.5 - 18.30C temperature is known as "comfort zone" for rabbits. The level of heat stress in rabbits is very high in the tropics thereby reducing rabbit productivity. With a system that researchers can make it easier to determine the suitable place to serve as a rabbit habitat with the Internet of Things system network, and reduce the failure rate in keeping rabbits as well as the implementation of the node-ed as a platform to display the results of the calculation method of the decision.
The system is applied using the SAW (Simple Additive Weight) ranking method or commonly called this weighted method by using three parameters including temperature; humidity; light. However, the data must go through a calculation that generates a value of each location then normalize to get a decision by the sum of the multiplication of normalization with weights.
Implementation Methods of SAW (Simple Additive weighting) as Decision Support Habitat For Rabbits Recommendation Based IoT (Internet Of Things) has been successfully applied. So that it can rank rabbit habitat locations based on parameters of temperature, humidity, light. However, although the system is built based on IOT but has not publicly accessible or still based on the localhost.
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Abdelhalim, Mohamed Anwar K., Sherif A. Abdelmottaleb Moussa, and Yanallah Hussain AL-Mohy. "Ultraviolet-Visible and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Techniques Are Important Diagnostic Tools during the Progression of Atherosclerosis: Diet Zinc Supplementation Retarded or Delayed Atherosclerosis." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/652604.
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Background.In this study, we examined whether UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques detect the progression of atherosclerosis in serum of rabbits fed on high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and HCD supplemented with zinc (HCD + Zn) compared with the control.Methods.The control rabbits group was fed on 100 g/day of normal diet. The HCD group was fed on Purina Certified Rabbit Chow supplemented with 1.0% cholesterol plus 1.0% olive oil (100 g/day) for the same period. The HCD + Zn group was fed on normal Purina Certified Rabbit Chow plus 1.0% cholesterol and 1.0% olive oil supplemented with 470 ppm Zn for the same feeding period. UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy and biochemistry in Rabbit’s blood serum and blood hematology were measured in Rabbit’s blood.Results.We found that the fluorescent peak of HCD shifted toward UV-visible wavelength compared with the control using fluorescent excitation of serum at 192 nm. In addition, they showed that supplementation of zinc (350 ppm) restored the fluorescent peak closely to the control. By using UV-visible spectroscopy approach, we found that the peak absorbance of HCD (about 280 nm) was higher than that of control and that zinc supplementation seemed to decrease the absorbance.Conclusions.This study demonstrates that ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques can be applied as noninvasive techniques on a sample blood serum for diagnosing or detecting the progression of atherosclerosis. The Zn supplementation to rabbits fed on HCD delays or retards the progression of atherosclerosis. Inducing anemia in rabbits fed on HCD delays the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Musco, Lombardi, Addeo, Secci, Parisi, Pero, Piccolo, Nizza, and Bovera. "Mirrors Can Affect Growth Rate, Blood Profile, Carcass and Meat Traits and Caecal Microbial Activity of Rabbits Reared in a “Small Group” Free-Range System." Animals 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090639.
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The aim of this work was to propose a model of free-range raising for rabbit able to maximize the animal welfare and at the same time the productive performances through the use of mirrors. A total of 81 rabbits were allocated into free-range areas and divided into three groups (nine replicates per group): in the first group (face to face, F2F), the rabbits of each replicate could see each other. In the second group (blind) each replicate was isolated from the others; in the third group (mirrors), the replicates were divided as for the Blind group but two mirrors were placed in a corner of the perimeter. The blind group rabbits showed the lowest final weight (p < 0.05), while rabbits from the mirrors groups showed the best FCR and net dressing out values. The blind group showed the highest production of total short chain fatty acids, acetate (p < 0.05) and propionate (p < 0.01). The F2F rabbits showed higher levels of creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase and lower values of blood glucose than those of the other groups, due to the higher locomotion activity. The use of mirrors can improve rabbit’s growth performance and carcass traits by lowering the rabbit’s locomotion activity in comparison to the other tested systems.
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Bachtiar, Endang W., Fatma S. Dewi, Ahmad Aulia Yusuf, and Rahmi Ulfiana. "Transplantation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Experimental Bone Defect." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 34 (October 2017): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.34.94.
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This is preliminary study in order to investigate the effect of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on bone regeneration in an animal model. New Zealand rabbits were used as animal model. The critical defect was created in femoral bone and transplantation of DPSCs applied into bone defect. A colorimetric assay was used to detect ALP level in rabbit’s serum. Bone tissue regeneration was evaluated by histological analysis. In the 2nd week, the treated rabbit show increasing in the activity of ALP (157,925 μU) compared to control rabbit (155,361 μU). This increasing trend continues significantly in DPSCs rabbit (169.750 μU) compared to control rabbit (160.406) after 4 weeks. Histological evaluation revealed that the amount of bone lamellae and osteocytes were filled the defect area of DPSCs treated rabbit. Conclusions: Transplantation of DPSCs accelerating bone regeneration by raising ALP level and forming new bone tissue.
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Facco Rodrigues, Vinicius, Ivam Guilherme Wendt, Rodrigo da Rosa Righi, Cristiano André da Costa, Jorge Luis Victória Barbosa, and Antonio Marcos Alberti. "Brokel: Towards enabling multi-level cloud elasticity on publish/subscribe brokers." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 13, no. 8 (August 2017): 155014771772886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147717728863.
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Internet of Things networks together with the data that flow between networked smart devices are growing at unprecedented rates. Often brokers, or intermediaries nodes, combined with the publish/subscribe communication model represent one of the most used strategies to enable Internet of Things applications. At scalability viewpoint, cloud computing and its main feature named resource elasticity appear as an alternative to solve the use of over-provisioned clusters, which normally present a fixed number of resources. However, we perceive that today the elasticity and Pub/Sub duet presents several limitations, mainly related to application rewrite, single cloud elasticity limited to one level and false-positive resource reorganization actions. Aiming at bypassing the aforesaid problems, this article proposes Brokel, a multi-level elasticity model for Pub/Sub brokers. Users, things, and applications use Brokel as a centralized messaging service broker, but in the back-end the middleware provides better performance and cost (used resources × performance) on message delivery using virtual machine (VM) replication. Our scientific contribution regards the multi-level, orchestrator, and broker, and the addition of a geolocation domain name system service to define the most suitable entry point in the Pub/Sub architecture. Different execution scenarios and metrics were employed to evaluate a Brokel prototype using VMs that encapsulate the functionalities of Mosquitto and RabbitMQ brokers. The obtained results were encouraging in terms of application time, message throughput, and cost (application time × resource usage) when comparing elastic and non-elastic executions.
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Akasiadis, Charilaos, Vassilis Pitsilis, and Constantine D. Spyropoulos. "A Multi-Protocol IoT Platform Based on Open-Source Frameworks." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 28, 2019): 4217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194217.
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Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have evolved rapidly during the last decade, and many architecture types have been proposed for distributed and interconnected systems. However, most systems are implemented following fragmented approaches for specific application domains, introducing difficulties in providing unified solutions. However, the unification of solutions is an important feature from an IoT perspective. In this paper, we present an IoT platform that supports multiple application layer communication protocols (Representational State Transfer (REST)/HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT), Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP), Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), and Websockets) and that is composed of open-source frameworks (RabbitMQ, Ponte, OM2M, and RDF4J). We have explored a back-end system that interoperates with the various frameworks and offers a single approach for user-access control on IoT data streams and micro-services. The proposed platform is evaluated using its containerized version, being easily deployable on the vast majority of modern computing infrastructures. Its design promotes service reusability and follows a marketplace architecture, so that the creation of interoperable IoT ecosystems with active contributors is enabled. All the platform’s features are analyzed, and we discuss the results of experiments, with the multiple communication protocols being tested when used interchangeably for transferring data. Developing unified solutions using such a platform is of interest to users and developers as they can test and evaluate local instances or even complex applications composed of their own IoT resources before releasing a production version to the marketplace.
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Cooke, BD, and MA Skewes. "The Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Survival and Development of the European Rabbit Flea, Spilopsyllus-Cuniculi (Dale)." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 6 (1988): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880649.
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The development of rabbit fleas from eggs to adults is strongly influenced by both temperature and relative humidity. Normal development only occurs if the temperature is between 15 and 30�C and humidity lies between 70 and 95% RH. This is consistent with the ecology of flea larvae which develop in the rabbit's nest where young rabbits generally maintain a warm, humid environment. At 27�C new adult fleas emerge from pupae about 21 days after egg laying. If environmental air becomes too dry, the water content of the air, even in the rabbit nest, may not always be sufficient to maintain a sufficiently moist microclimate in the nest for the flea larvae. Adult fleas do not appear to have high tolerance to heat or desiccation and, in the more arid parts of Australia, if they left the rabbits during the summer the microclimate of burrows is likely to be too harsh for them to persist.
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Szkucik, Krzysztof, Renata Pyz-Łukasik, Marta Wójcik, and Michał Gondek. "Ubiquinone Q10 and Protein Contents in Rabbit Meat in Relation to Primal Cut and Rearing System." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2013-0020.
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Abstract The research material included 96 slaughter rabbit carcasses. Half of them came from the animals managed in small-scale backyard farming units where animals were fed a natural ingredient diet, while the other half was from rabbits kept under commercial production conditions and fed commercial rabbit pellets. The thigh and saddle muscle samples were collected from each carcass to establish a content of ubiquinone (CoQ10) and crude protein along with its collagen level. Determination of tissue coenzyme Q10 (UQ10) was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with some modification. Crude protein concentration was estimated using Kjeldahl procedure, while total collagen content by the method of Stegemann modified by Hurych-Chvapil, using hydrolysis according to Möhler and Volley. Ubiquinone level in slaughter rabbit tissue ranged between 76 and 127 μg/g tissue. The studies indicated that rabbit rearing system and muscle type are determinants of CoQ10 content. Meat of rabbits managed under the traditional backyard farming system exhibited higher CoQ10 concentration as compared to that determined in rabbits from the commercial rabbitry. Additionally, the CoQ10 level in the saddle was significantly higher than that in the thigh muscles, and the relationships was noted in both types of rabbit production systems. When the CoQ10 content was expressed per gram of fibrillar protein, there were not significant differences between saddle and thigh muscles. The correlation coefficient between ubiquinone and fibrillar protein averaged to 0.94. The studies also demonstrated a higher protein level in the saddle than in thigh muscles. However, no differences in protein concentration were reported in respect to the rabbit farming system. The protein composition in the saddle muscles, irrespective of a rabbit production system, revealed significantly lower collagen content compared to the proteins in thigh muscles. The obtained results and data from literature provide evidence that rabbit meat, especially from the traditional (organic) management system, is one of the best sources of animal protein and ubiquinone Q10.
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Barrio, I. C., R. Villafuerte, and F. S. Tortosa. "Harbouring pests: rabbit warrens in agricultural landscapes." Wildlife Research 38, no. 8 (2011): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11051.
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Context Warrens are central to rabbit biology and available warren space can set a limit to the number of rabbits living in an area. Therefore, quantifying and analysing the distribution of rabbit warrens is a key step towards the management of the species in agricultural lands where it causes significant damage to crops. Aims The present study investigates the distribution and spatial pattern of wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) warrens in an intensively managed agricultural landscape within the rabbit’s native range in semiarid southern Spain, where rabbits constitute an emerging pest problem. Methods All natural rabbit warrens within two sites were mapped, and information on their size, use and protection was recorded. The effects of environmental variables (e.g. habitat features and distances to key resources) in determining warren occurrence were evaluated using binomial generalised linear models (GLM). Key results The main variable explaining warren occurrence was the distance to the nearest neighbouring warren. Habitat variables and the distances to key resources played only a secondary role, and were mainly related to frequent ploughing linked to agricultural practices that prevent warren construction. Conclusions Habitat instability resulting from agricultural practices (i.e. frequent ploughing and intensive human disturbance) promotes warren construction on stable grounds only and partly explains the clumped spatial pattern found. However, warren occurrence in intensively managed agricultural areas seems to be more constrained by the proximity of neighbouring warrens that would facilitate rabbit recolonisation from patches nearby. Despite becoming increasingly scarce as a result of agricultural intensification, these unploughed remnants may act as safe islands for digging warrens. Implications The management of unploughed patches and the connectivity among them in semiarid agroecosystems of southern Spain is therefore of utmost importance to the management of rabbits as an agricultural pest.
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KOSTOMITSOPOULOS (Ν. ΚΩΣΤΟΜΗΤΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ), N., M. SERAFETINIDOU (Μ. ΣΕΡΑΦΕΤΙΝΙΔΟΥ), A. KATSAROU (Α. ΚΑΤΣΑΡΟΥ), C. VOYAZAKI (Χ. ΒΟΓΙΑΤΖΑΚΗ), and I. DONTAS (Ι. ΔΟΝΤΑ). "Εvaluation of an environmental enrichment device used for laboratory rabbits." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 66, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15582.
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Improving the housing conditions of individually caged laboratory rabbits using environmental enrichment devices is a source of concern in the scientific community and is encouraged in the guidelines of the local and international laboratory animal associations and national regulations. In this report, we inform on the results of an investigation whose aim was to evaluate the use of a commercially available shelter as an enrichment device for six individually caged rabbits (mean body weight 2.5 Kg) during their resting period. After an acclimatization period of five days in an animal room, a commercially available enrichment device, the Rabbit Hut (BioServ, New Jersey, USA), was introduced into every cage. After a 3-day familiarization period, the interactions of the rabbits with the device were video recorded for 12 hours during the light phase (06:00 – 18:00) on five consecutive days. Each rabbit’s interaction with the device was monitored and analyzed from the video recordings. We found that the rabbits used the enrichment device in different ways, which included passing through the device, staying under the device, gnawing the device, pulling and dragging the device using their teeth, and playing with the device. We also found that the rabbits mainly interacted with the device during the first two hours (06:00 – 08:00) and last four hours (14:00 – 18:00) of each 12-hour observation period of the 5-day investigation. Although the Rabbit Hut is marketed as an environmental enrichment item that could be used as a shelter for individually caged laboratory rabbits, our analysis of the interactions of individually caged laboratory rabbits with the device has generated new questions about the usefulness of the device and its benefit for the rabbits. However, further investigation is needed to clarify whether some of the expressed interactions indicate curiosity, interest or frustration with the item.
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Wang, Ming Wei, Qin Jun Li, Qiang Hua Li, and Wen Qiang Guo. "Design of the Wireless Data Acquisition System for Experimental Rabbit Rectal Temperature Based on Bluetooth and ARM Technologies." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 1744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1744.
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In drug trials, the rabbit rectal temperature change is an important data to determine the efficacy and allergy of drugs. The wireless acquisition system for experimental rabbit’s rectal temperature has abandoned the traditional wired measurement mode, not only effectively improves the data acquisition efficiency and accuracy, but also reduces the pain degree of experimental rabbits. This paper mainly describes the hardware design of the new designed system including sensor nodes, Bluetooth transmission network and center node of the system based on Bluetooth and ARM technologies. The corresponding software design of the system is also concerned.
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Nate, John Vincent, Elijohn Natividad, Jeffrey Lavarias, Romeo Gavino, and Claire Marie Castillo. "Design and evaluation of a rabbitry structure at different environments and feeding requirements." E3S Web of Conferences 187 (2020): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018707001.
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This study, focused on a designed cage structure, had a main objective on evaluating the growth performance of caged rabbits at three (3) stocking/spacing reared at three (3) growing conditions. Thirty-six (36) samples of 35-days old Californian White x Local (CWxL) rabbits were reared under three (3) blockings (air-conditioned room, open rabbitry housing and under the trees’ shade). Moreover, spacing (A treatment) and feed plan (B treatment) was organized in a 3 x 4 Factorial RCBD. A 2nd factor (feed plan) was used in order to determine the interaction effect of spacing on the rabbits fed with varying levels of nutrition. Results indicated that the treatments and blockings (growing conditions) had significant effects on the Body Weight Gains (BWGs) of rabbits. Similarly, the BWGs were significantly affected by the feed plan but was not affected by spacing and the interaction of these two (2) factors. While no significant effects on BWGs were found out on rabbits placed in small (ai), medium (a2) and large (a3) cages, as highest BWGs were seen in the rabbits in medium cages, this cage structure (381 mm x 508 mm x 406 mm per rabbit) seemed enough to properly house the rabbits.
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Jaén-Téllez, Juan Antonio, Ester Bartolomé, María José Sánchez-Guerrero, Mercedes Valera, and Pedro González-Redondo. "Relationship between rectal temperature measured with a conventional thermometer and the temperature of several body regions measured by infrared thermography in fattening rabbits. Influence of different environmental factors." World Rabbit Science 29, no. 4 (December 29, 2021): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2021.15556.
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In clinical examination of rabbits, the temperature is usually recorded with a digital thermometer introduced rectally, an invasive procedure that could cause handling stress. The aim of this study was to assess body temperature using infrared thermography (IRT) in four areas of the rabbit’s anatomy: eye (ETT), outer ear (OETT), inner ear (IETT) and nose (NTT), and then validate it as an alternative measure to rectal temperature (RT) assessed with a conventional thermometer. Temperature samples were taken twice a week from 48 weaned rabbits of Spanish Common Rabbit breed during a 38-d fattening period. The factors considered were: doe from which the rabbits came (8 does), weeks of fattening period (4 to 5 wk), batch (3 periods of the year: April-May, June-July and January-February) and group size (cages with 1 to 7 rabbits). On average, the results were an RT of 38.48±0.02 °C; ETT of 37.31±0.05 °C; OETT of 29.09±0.26°C; IETT of 30.53±0.251 °C, and NTT of 33.29±0.11 °C (mean±se). Moderate, statistically significant positive correlations (PP
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Heinrich, Nicole A., Douglas Chamroeun, and Erin Locke. "Disparate histopathology of sebaceous adenitis in a rabbit." Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no. 3 (August 2020): e001128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001128.
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A 13-month-old, spayed, female rex rabbit presented with mildly pruritic, progressive patches of alopecia, erythema and scaling of the head, trunk and legs of five months’ duration. Initial skin biopsy was consistent with cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma, but a follow-up skin biopsy and response to therapy revealed that the rabbit actually had sebaceous adenitis. Nearly one year after presentation, the rabbit’s clinical signs remained well controlled. This case demonstrates the importance of interpreting histopathology in light of history, physical examination, supportive tests and response to therapy. It also demonstrates how cutaneous lesions may evolve over time and that serial biopsies may be required to achieve a diagnosis. Finally, this case suggests that there may be histopathological overlap between cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma and sebaceous adenitis in rabbits.
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Mintorini, Ery, and Wildan Mahmud. "Rabbit Type Classification Using Multi-SVM Based on Feature Extraction." Journal of Applied Intelligent System 4, no. 2 (March 6, 2020): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jais.v4i2.3381.
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Rabbits reputation of being cute, fluffy, cuddly critters lend then to being a popular choice for children pets. But in raising a rabbit is not easy, this depends on the type of rabbit. Rabbits that commonly pet are Rex Rabbits, American Rabbits, and Giant Rabbits. Rex Rabbits itself has some species including Rex Amber and Rex Lilac species, Giant Rabbits rabbits includes Giant Chekered rabbit, Harleyquin, dan American White Rabbit. Classification technology can be used to help the classification process of rabbits are Multi-SVM method and image feature extraction to classify rabbit species. Feature extraction used in this study is mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, entropy. The five features are classified with Multi-SVM. The data used in this study are 125 images, consisting of 100 training images and 25 test images. The accuracy of this method reached 92%. Keywords – Classification, Multi-SVM, Rabbit, Feature Extraction
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Rinanto, Aldo Ulva, Nita Opi Ari Kustanti, and Anang Widigdyo. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG DAUN BELIMBING MANIS (Averrhoa carambola L.) SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PAKAN KELINCI TERHADAP PERFORMA KELINCI HYLA HYCOLE." AVES: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/aves.v12i1.1132.
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Research data collection was carried out from 12 June to 24 July 2019 at Ridho Rabbitry farm, Nglegok sub-district, Blitar district, East Java. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of sweet starfruit leaf flour (Averrhoa carambola L.) as a substitute for peanut skin on body weight gain and feed conversion of rabbit hyla hycole. The research material used 24 hyla hycole rabbits aged 12 weeks were used in this study with rabbit body weights 1900-2550 g/head, which were divided into four treatments and three replications. Experimental design with Randomized Block Design (RBD). The results showed that the average treatment, namely P0, P1, P2 and P3, respectively for feed consumption 127.33; 128.67; 124.67 and 128.33 (grams/head/day), weight gain 69.17; 80.00; 69.17 and 118.33 (grams/head/week), feed conversion 13.47; 11.30; 12.01 and 7.60.The results of this studies shows that the use of sweet starfruit leaf flour (Averrhoa carambola L.) as a substitution of peanut shells to a level of 15% has no significant effect (P> 0.05), but can affect the performance of hyla hycole rabbits including consumption feed, weight gain and feed conversion and do not have a negative impact on rabbits so that sweet starfruit leaf flour (Averrhoa carambola L) can be used as a substitute for peanut shells.
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BOUKHECHEM, Said, Hithem BOUGHERARA, Nora MIMOUNE, Roumeissa REDOUANE, Nabila NIA, and Rachid KAIDI. "Effect of Sprouted Trigonella foenum graecum L. Incorporation into the Diet on Milk Production of Rabbit Does and Growth of Young Rabbits in the Northeast of Algeria." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 78, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2020.0047.
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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sprouted fenugreek incorporation into the diet of rabbits on their dairy and growth performances. Data from 24 lactations performed by 8 Californian rabbit does were studied. They were divided into 2 homogeneous groups, a control (batch C) having received an ordinary ration and an experimental (batch E) having received the same ration supplemented with sprouted fenugreek. Growth rates of suckling pups were also recorded. Then, Growth performance of 152 young rabbits’ issue from these females was monitored. They were divided into 4 homogeneous groups, one control having received an ordinary diet (batch C) and 3 experimental having received the same diet with substitution of 12%, 15% and 25% (batch E1, E3 and E3) of the concentrate by sprouted fenugreek. The results showed an improvement in the dairy performance of the rabbit does of batch E, with an average peak lactation of 287 g/d vs 236 g/d in batch C (p <0.01). The daily weight gain of suckling pups was better in batch E (13 g/d vs 11.7 g/d; p <0.01). Likewise, the weaned young rabbits of the experimental batches recorded higher growth rates than the control batch (p <0.01). Sprouted fenugreek incorporation into the rabbit’s ration allowed to improve their performances.
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Anoh, K. U., P. P. Barje, G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor, and G. N. Akpa. "Growth performance of heat stressed rabbits fed diets supplemented with synthetic and organic antioxidants." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i5.1349.
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The aimof the studywas to evaluate the growth performance of heat stressed rabbits fed diets supplemented with synthetic and organic antioxidants. The antioxidants used were bicarbonate buffers, vitamin C and baobab fruit pulp meal (BFPM). A total of thirty (30) growing rabbits were used. The rabbits were allotted into the treatment groups with six (6) rabbits per treatment in a completely randomized design. Rabbits in the first group (T ) were the control, animals in treatment 2 and treatment 3 (T ) and (T ) were fed similar diets as in the control but with potassium bicarbonate (KHCO ) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ) buffer solutions, respectively. Rabbits in treatment four (T ) were fed diet containing synthetic vitamin C and the fifth group (T ) were fed diet containing Baobab Fruit PulpMeal (BFPM). Rabbits were given access to feed and water ad libitum. All recommended managerial practices were duly observed.Microclimate parameters of ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH) of the rabbitry were taken daily from February through June. The values were used to calculate temperature-humidity index (THI). It was found that vitamin C and BFPM significantly (P<0.05) enhanced feed intake compared to the treatments with buffers. It was concluded that BFPM is more effective in ameliorating heat stress in rabbit production and can be used up to 5.5% inclusion level.
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Hassan, Fathelrahman M. "THE FIBRINOLYTIC ALTERATION ASSOCIATED WITH DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF SILDENAFIL." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.23144.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the fibrinolytic alteration associated with daily administration of sildenafil.Methods: A total of 12 adult male rabbits without mortality rate had been fed standard and subdivided into four groups; their average weight was 1.5, 2.5, 1.9, and 2 kg randomly selected during the period of March 2012–July 2013. Depending on weight, the control groups (2.25 mg/1.5 kg day) and sildenafil groups (3 mg/2 kg/day, 2.85 mg/1.9 kg/day, and 1.7 mg/2.5 kg/day) were injected by normal saline and sildenafil concentration, respectively to create four groups, every group was composed of three rabbits; saline rabbit (control group, n=3) and sildenafil rabbits (sildenafil group, n=9). All rabbit’s plasma samples have been investigated for prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), prothrombin fragment 1+2, tissues plasminogen activator (tPA), plasmin antiplasmin (PAP), plasminogen, and D-dimer after 24 h of administration.Results: The PAP level was significantly (p<0.05) decreased following sildenafil injection. Sildenafil-injected (3 mg/ml) rabbits had decreased the means of PAI-1 and mean tPA, as early as 1-day post-injection, with a considerable lower PAP first determined 3 days after injection that continued into each rabbit 2 and 3.Conclusion: Better strategies are to initiate and manipulate this drug ought to reduce the chance of each thrombosis and hemorrhage, at the same time as minimizing the need for laboratory monitoring with the aid of the use of PAI-1, tPA, and PAP checks.
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Stitt, J. T., S. G. Shimada, and H. A. Bernheim. "Comparison of febrile responsiveness of rats and rabbits to endogenous pyrogen." Journal of Applied Physiology 59, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.59.6.1721.
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The fever responses of rats and rabbits were compared in detail using a single common source of semipurified endogenous pyrogen prepared from human monocytes. The characteristics and dynamics of the fever-response curves for each species were examined and their dose-response curves were determined and compared. The fevers displayed by rats were qualitatively similar to those of rabbits, but, typically, they developed and terminated more rapidly than those of rabbits. Rabbits were much more sensitive to the endogenous pyrogen than rats. The threshold dose of pyrogen required to elicit a fever was 5 times lower in the rabbit, and the slope of the rabbit's dose-response curve was 1.5 times steeper than that of the rat. The maximum fevers attainable in rabbits were approximately twice those attainable in rats. It was also shown that the more rapid febrile responses of the rat were not due to the 10-fold smaller mass of the rat; instead, we proposed that this difference was more likely due to a closer diffusional proximity of the pyrogen receptor sites to the circulation in rats. The lower sensitivity of the rat to endogenous pyrogen was attributed to a relative insensitivity of the pyrogen receptor sites in rats in the translation of the endogenous pyrogen stimulus into fever.
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Croft, J. D., P. J. S. Fleming, and R. van de Ven. "The impact of rabbits on a grazing system in eastern New South Wales.1. Ground cover and pastures." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 7 (2002): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01106.
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Although there have been a number of studies that have examined the effects of rabbits on pasture, the relationship between rabbit density and pasture degradation caused by rabbits has never been quantified. An experiment was conducted at Cowra, New South Wales, from October 1984 to October 1987, to determine the impact various densities of rabbits have on pasture composition, indices of pasture biomass and ground cover. Using plots set stocked with the equivalent of 8 sheep/ha (the district average) and 4 densities of rabbits as treatments, 0,�24, 48 and 72 rabbits/ha, the consequences of rabbit grazing were investigated.Pasture composition changed with season, year and rabbit density. Cumulative effects were also evident. Rabbits severely depleted improved pastures of legumes (subterranean clover particularly), with grass cover increasing proportionate to rabbit density. In the final year of the experiment, the rabbit-free treatment had 31% legumes and 25.2% grasses, whereas the highest rabbit density treatment had 6.2% legumes and 47.4% grasses. Indices of pasture biomass were highest in the zero rabbits/ha treatment and lowest in the 72 rabbits/ha treatment. More bare soil was exposed in the highest rabbit density treatment. Once seasonal and year effects were accounted for, the relationship between rabbit density and percentage damage was positive.
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Fleming, P. J. S., J. D. Croft, and H. I. Nicol. "The impact of rabbits on a grazing system in eastern New South Wales. 2. Sheep production." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 7 (2002): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01107.
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Much research, time and money have been invested in the control of rabbits in Australia, yet the relationship between rabbit density and livestock production losses has not been quantified. We experimentally investigated the variations in sheep production parameters caused by 4 densities of rabbits, 0, 24, 48 and 72 rabbits/ha. Medium to strong wool merino wethers were run at a constant stocking rate in replicated plots with rabbits at 4� different densities. Sheep liveweight and body condition and wool production variables were measured over 3�years. Low to medium densities of rabbits were not found to reduce liveweights of wethers, whereas wethers run with the high density of rabbits were significantly lighter. The presence of rabbits reduced the body condition of sympatric sheep with the lowest body condition recorded at the high rabbit density. Mean greasy fleece weights, wool yields and clean-fleece weights were significantly different between densities of rabbits. Wethers run with the high rabbit density grew less wool than the wethers run with the other 3 densities of rabbits. The cumulative gross return per ha from wool production was highest for the medium rabbit density and lowest at high rabbit density. At the conclusion of this short-term experiment, the presence of some rabbits enhanced returns from wool production because of lower fibre diameter and comparable clean-fleece weights of fleeces grown at low and medium rabbit densities. These production characteristics might have been caused by synergistic effects on pasture growth or a sheep stocking rate that was too conservative for the prevailing seasonal conditions. At high rabbit density, competition for pasture between rabbits and sheep overrode possible synergistic and understocking effects. The economic implications of the presence of rabbits on merino sheep production are discussed.
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Zhang, Wenjing, Yasushi Ami, Yuriko Suzaki, Michiyo Kataoka, Naokazu Takeda, Masamichi Muramatsu, and Tiancheng Li. "A Cross-Species Transmission of a Camel-Derived Genotype 8 Hepatitis E Virus to Rabbits." Pathogens 10, no. 11 (October 24, 2021): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111374.
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Novel genotypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV), i.e., HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, have been identified in wild boar, dromedary camels, and Bactrian camels, respectively, and they transmit to cynomolgus monkeys in a trans-species manner, raising the potential for zoonotic infection. Rabbits are the natural reservoir for rabbit HEV, but they are also susceptible to HEV-3 and HEV-4. It has been unknown whether rabbits are susceptible to HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8. To investigate the infectivity of novel HEVs in rabbits and to assess whether rabbits are appropriate animal models for these HEVs, we inoculated Japanese white rabbits with HEV-5, HEV-7, and HEV-8, respectively. We observed that viral RNA was present in the fecal specimens of the HEV-8-inoculated rabbits and anti-HEV IgG antibodies were present in its sera, although anti-HEV IgM was undetectable and no significant elevation of ALT was observed. These results indicated that HEV-8 crossed species and infected the rabbits. No evidence for replication was observed in HEV-5 and HEV-7, suggesting that rabbits are not susceptible to these genotypes. The antibodies elicited in the HEV-8-infected rabbits did not protect them from the rabbit HEV challenge, suggesting that the antigenicity differs between HEV-8 and rabbit HEV. Antigenic analyses demonstrated that anti-HEV-8 antibodies reacted more strongly with homologous HEV-8 virus-like particles (VLPs) compared to heterologous rabbit HEV VLPs, but anti-rabbit HEV antibody had similar reactivity to the VLPs of rabbit HEV and HEV-8, suggesting that HEV-8 lacks some epitope(s) that exist in rabbit HEV and induced the neutralizing antibodies against rabbit HEV.
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Oxley, J. A., A. Previti, A. Alibrandi, E. F. Briefer, and A. Passantino. "A Preliminary internet survey of pet rabbit owners’ characteristics." World Rabbit Science 23, no. 4 (December 23, 2015): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2015.3771.
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<p>This study aimed to conduct a preliminary survey to investigate basic ownership factors, frequency of microchipping and insurance and views of pet rabbit owners n these areas and general rabbit management. More specifically, we aimed to investigate whether owners possess insurance, whether their rabbits are microchipped, and owners’ views on the recommendations relating to rabbits (e.g. recommended enclosure sizes) and the law. A questionnaire was designed and promulgated through social media sites and rabbit forums. A total of 1183 responses were received. Just over 29% of respondents sourced their rabbits through rescue centres. 73.9% (867/1174) of owners stated that they had no pet insurance for their rabbits. Concerning microchips, 78.3% (919/1173) of rabbits were not microchipped, while 21.7% (254/1173) were. This preliminary study found that the majority of individuals are of the opinion that the relevant law is insufficiently publicised. A more detailed study would be beneficial to investigate and provide further insight into rabbit owners and their views and concerns for rabbits. The results of such a study could help formulate rabbit-related information and guidelines which in turn could have a direct impact on pet rabbit welfare.</p>
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Soewandi, Bayu Dewantoro P., T. Kostaman, S. Sopiyana, and T. Haryati. "Pengaruh Kawin Sodor (Force Mating) Terhadap Persentase Kebuntingan Kelinci New Zealand White." Jurnal Riset Agribisnis dan Peternakan 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37729/jrap.v5i1.28.
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Rabbits have the potential to produce meat for the animal protein consumption. At present, rabbit farming has developed in Indonesia.The development of rabbit farming is also Rabbits have the potential to produce meat for the animal protein consumption. At present, rabbit farming has developed in Indonesia.The development of rabbit farming is also accompanied by problems in the rabbit productivity. The problem that occurs in rabbit breeders is the low productivity of rabbits. The aim of this research was to identify the effect of force mating to the percentage of pregnancy in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits at Indonesia Research Institute of Animal Production (IRIAP). The material used in this research were 99 heads New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits in the rabbit station at the IRIAP. The treatment in this study is that the dam of NZW is mated in natural mating and force mating. Pregnancy percentage data were analyzed using T test. The results showed that the percentage of pregnancy between natural and force mating was significantly different (P <.05). The percentage of pregnancy with natural mating in rabbits is higher when compared to force mating, but force mating can to increase the high percentage of pregnancy. The conclusion of the study is that the pregnancy percentage for force mating is lower when compared to natural mating. However, force mating can increase the percentage of pregnancy to reach 74%. by problems in the rabbit productivity. The problem that occurs in rabbit breeders is the low productivity of rabbits. The aim of this research was to identify the effect of force mating to the percentage of pregnancy in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits at Indonesia Research Institute of Animal Production (IRIAP). The material used in this research were 99 heads New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits in the rabbit station at the IRIAP. The treatment in this study is that the dam of NZW is mated in natural mating and force mating. Pregnancy percentage data were analyzed using T test. The results showed that the percentage of pregnancy between natural and force mating was significantly different (P <.05). The percentage of pregnancy with natural mating in rabbits is higher when compared to force mating, but force mating can to increase the high percentage of pregnancy. The conclusion of the study is that the pregnancy percentage for force mating is lower when compared to natural mating. However, force mating can increase the percentage of pregnancy to reach 74%.
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Kobir, Md Alamgir, Latifa Akther, Imam Hasan, Md Ahosanul Haque Shahid, Ziaul Haque, and Mohammad Rabiul Karim. "Effects of Imidacloprid-Contaminated Feed Exposure on Hematological Parameters in Adult Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 7, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v7i3.51363.
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Blood parameters are an important index to assess the body homeostasis in mammals. Here, the effect of pesticide (imidacloprid) contaminated feed exposure on the haematological parameters of adult rabbits (n=15) was studied. Pesticides (Imidacloprid, Bildor® 0.5ml (100mg)/L water spray on vegetables and green grass) exposed feed fed to rabbits with wash (washed feed rabbit) or without a wash (not washed feed rabbit) in the once-daily morning for every alternative day up to 15 days. Control rabbits have received a standard diet (fresh vegetables and green grass). The blood cell analysis showed that the total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, and haemoglobin values were not changed significantly in pesticide exposed rabbit. For differential leukocyte count, the percentage of neutrophil and eosinophil was significantly decreased in the pesticide-exposed rabbit as compared to the control rabbit. The lymphocyte percentage was increased significantly in pesticide-exposed rabbits compared to control rabbits. Interestingly, the number of lymphocytes was significantly increased in not washed feed rabbits compared to wash feed rabbits. The results of the present study suggest that residue of agriculturally used pesticides may affect the body homeostasis of animals.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(3): 439-444, December 2020
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Ushie, F. T., S. E. Alu, and R. A. Oluwafemi. "Effect of quantum blue® supplementation of sugarcane peel meal-based diets on growth rate and nutrient digestibility by weaner rabbits." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i3.148.
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Sugarcane peels (SCP) is available in large quantities all year round especially in sugar industries where they are discarded as waste product. It contains high amount of carbohydrate and minerals which could be fed to animals especially when properly processed and supplemented with exogenous enzyme to aid the animal digest it. Fifty - four weaned 4-5 weeks old crosses of New Zealand white x Chinchilla male rabbits were utilized to evaluate the effect of feeding sugarcane peel meal-based diets supplemented with quantum blue® on the growth performance parameters (initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, FCR and feed cost per weight gain) and nutrient digestibility by weaner rabbits. Six diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous (18% crude protein) and isocaloric (2700kcal/kg, ME) with two levels of inclusion of sugarcane peel meal (SCPM) (low and high) and three levels of enzyme supplementation (0, 150 and 250 PPM) giving a 2x3 factorial arrangement fitted into Completely Randomized Design. The rabbits were weighed and allotted to the treatments at the rate of 3 rabbits per replicate and each treatment was replicated 3 times. Feeds were weighed and served to the animals individually and water was provided ad-libitum. Growth parameters and nutrient digestibility data were generated and evaluated. The results of the effect of enzyme on growth performance of weaner rabbits showed that average total weight gain significantly (P<0.05) improved as rabbits fed the 200PPM enzyme supplemented diets had the best value of 511.67g/rabbit. However, rabbits fed the 100PPM performed (410.83g/rabbit) the same as those fed the 200PPM. Similarly, rabbits fed the 200PPM enzyme supplemented diets gained more (P<0.05) daily weight of 10.40 g/rabbit/day followed by those fed the 100PPM (8.32 g/rabbit/day). The result of the effect of high SCPM showed that feed intake significantly (P<0.05) increased from 47.37 g/rabbit/day to 59.82 g/rabbit/day as the level of SCPM increased in the diets; rabbits fed the high SCPM had higher total weight gain of 484.44 g/rabbit as compared to those of low SCPM (362.78 g/rabbit). The interactive effects of SCPM and enzyme on growth performance of weaner rabbits showed that final live weight, feed intake and total weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) improved as the levels of SCPM and enzyme increased in the diets. In view of the findings, rabbit farmers can supplement 32% of SCPM in the diets of weaner rabbit with 200PPM of quantum blue® without negatively affecting the growth rate and suppressing the digestibility of nutrients by weaner rabbits.
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DELIBES-MATEOS, MIGUEL, MIGUEL ÁNGEL FARFÁN, JESÚS OLIVERO, and JUAN MARIO VARGAS. "Land-use changes as a critical factor for long-term wild rabbit conservation in the Iberian Peninsula." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 2 (June 2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000214.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYEuropean rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a multifunctional keystone species in the Iberian Peninsula, have drastically declined over past decades. Rabbit decline has been frequently attributed to the arrival of two viral diseases. However, decline was apparently ongoing before the arrival of the diseases, as a consequence of habitat loss and fragmentation. In this paper, the effect on rabbit populations of land-use changes during recent decades in Andalusia (southern Spain) is analysed. Areas favourable for rabbits both at present and during the 1960s are identified, and the environmental and land-use factors that determine these areas established. In areas where the favourability for rabbits has changed during recent decades, main land use changes are assessed to identify possible factors explaining rabbit favourability in these areas. Areas favourable to rabbits are currently determined by factors similar to those during the 1960s; these areas have undergone geographic changes in recent decades, apparently as a consequence of land-use changes in Andalusia. The percentages of the variables that were positively associated with rabbit favourability in both models (current and 1960s) have declined in Andalusia as a whole, and in areas where rabbit favourability has decreased; hence environments suitable for rabbits have become impoverished. Conversely, in both models, environments suitable for rabbits increased in municipalities, where rabbit favourability also increased. The preservation of rabbit-friendly habitats should be a priority for the conservation of this key species in the western Mediterranean.
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S. E., Okosun, Eguaoje A. S., and Obasoyo D. O. "The Performance Characteristics and Economic Evaluation of Weaner Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Sundried False Yam (Icacina Tricantha) Meal." International Journal of Applied Science 2, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v2n1p1.
Full textAbstract:
A seven week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance characteristics and economics of production of 15 unsexed weaner rabbits fed varying levels of Sundried false yam (Icacina tricantha) meal. Five treatments diets were formulated with diet 1 containing 100% maize as control, while in diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 Sundried false yam meal replaced the percentage proportion of maize in diet 1 at 25, 50, 75 and 100% inclusion level respectively. Rabbits were randomly assigned to the five treatment diets in a complete randomized designed (CRD) with three replicates of one rabbits each. Performance characteristics revealed that final live weight and weekly feed intake were significantly (P<0.05) influenced with highest value (2.12kg/rabbit and 407.33g/rabbit) recorded from rabbits fed 0% SDFYM comparable to (1.98kg/rabbit and 323.33g/rabbits) recorded in those fed 50% SDFYM. Avearage weekly weight gain was also significantly (P<0.05) influenced with highest value (197.00g/rabbit) from those fed 50% SDFYM. Feed conversion was lowest and best (1.28) from rabbits fed 25% SDFYM. Mortality rate was lowest (3.43%) in rabbits fed 50% SDFYM. Cost and return analysis revealed that total cost of feed consumed was least (378.24 N /rabbits) from those fed 50% SDFYM and highest in control, cost of feed per kg weight gain and total cost of production were lowest (30.50 and 2178.24 N /rabbits) from the rabbits that ate 75% SDFYM and highest in control. Income and net profit were highest (5000 and 1763.36 N /rabbits). It is concluded from this study that Sundried false yam meal is a valuable substitution for maize up to 50% in rabbit diets without any adverse effects on the performance characteristics and economic returns of rabbits.
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Reddiex, Ben, Graham J. Hickling, Grant L. Norbury, and Chris M. Frampton. "Effects of predation and rabbit haemorrhagic disease on population dynamics of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in North Canterbury, New Zealand." Wildlife Research 29, no. 6 (2002): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr00088.
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The impact of predation and rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) on population dynamics of rabbits, and the survival of juvenile rabbits, was investigated between July 1999 and March 2000 in North Canterbury, New Zealand. Rabbit abundance and pre- and post-emergent rabbit mortality were monitored on four sites, two of which were subject to predator control. RHD spread naturally through all sites from late November to early December. Rabbit densities declined on all sites, but after the RHD epidemic, declines were significantly greater where populations of predators had not been controlled. Survival of rabbit nestlings was lower where predators were not controlled. All post-emergent radio-collared rabbits died at sites where predators were not controlled, whereas 18% of those collared at sites where predators were controlled survived to maturity. In contrast to the results from previous studies, rabbits born at the start of the breeding season had very high rates of post-emergent mortality, as they appeared to be susceptible to the RHD virus later in the breeding season. The age at which juvenile rabbits become susceptible to RHD, the timing of RHD epidemics, and the abundance of predators are likely to be important in determining survival of juvenile rabbits. This study demonstrates that predation can reduce rabbit populations to low levels, but only in combination with other factors, in this case RHD.
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Berman, D., M. Brennan, and P. Elsworth. "How can warren destruction by ripping control European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on large properties in the Australian arid zone?" Wildlife Research 38, no. 1 (2011): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09178.
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Context For over 100 years, control efforts have been unable to stop rabbits causing damage to cattle production and native plants and animals on large properties in arid parts of Australia. Warren destruction by ripping has shown promise, but doubts about long-term success and the perceived expense of treating vast areas have led to this technique not being commonly used. Aims This study measured the long-term reduction in rabbit activity and calculated the potential cost saving associated with treating just the areas where rabbits are believed to survive drought. We also considered whether ripping should be used in a full-scale rabbit control program on a property where rabbits have been exceptionally resilient to the influence of biological and other control measures. Methods Rabbits were counted along spotlight transects before warrens were ripped and during the two years after ripping, in treated and untreated plots. Rabbit activity was recorded to determine the immediate and long-term impact of ripping, up to seven years after treatment. The costs of ripping warrens within different distances from drought refuge areas were calculated. Key results Destroying rabbit warrens by ripping caused an immediate reduction in rabbit activity and there were still 98% fewer rabbits counted by spotlight in ripped plots five months after ripping. Seven years after ripping no active warrens were found in ripped plots, whereas 57% of warrens in unripped plots showed signs of rabbit activity. The cost of ripping only the areas where rabbits were likely to seek refuge from drought was calculated to be less than 4% of the cost of ripping all warrens on the property. Conclusions Destroying rabbit warrens by ripping is a very effective way of reducing rabbit numbers on large properties in arid Australia. Ripping should commence in areas used by rabbits to survive drought. It is possible that no further ripping will be required. Implications Strategic destruction of warrens in drought refuge areas could provide an alternative to biological control for managing rabbits on large properties in the Australian arid zone.
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DANIELS, M. J., D. HENDERSON, A. GREIG, K. STEVENSON, J. M. SHARP, and M. R. HUTCHINGS. "The potential role of wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis in domestic ruminants." Epidemiology and Infection 130, no. 3 (June 2003): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803008471.
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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, the organism responsible for paratuberculosis in cattle and sheep has been found in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the east of Scotland. Few studies have investigated either the level of faecal contamination by rabbits on farms, or the potential infectivity of rabbit excreta. The rate of rabbit faecal contamination deposited and the numbers encountered were estimated for 21 fields on 4 farms with a paratuberculosis problem. 7357±2571 S.E.M. rabbit faecal pellets were deposited per hectare per day and up to 81000 pellets/ha (‘standing crop’) were encountered in October/November 1998. Where access to rabbits was restricted, the standing crop of faeces encountered fell to 22000 pellets/ha.The prevalence of infection with M. a. paratuberculosis was assessed for 83 rabbits from the four farms. M. a. paratuberculosis was isolated from rabbits on all farms with an overall prevalence of 17%. Out of 17 rabbits from which urine was available, M. a. paratuberculosis was isolated from two – the first reported isolation from urine in wild rabbits. The mean number of colony-forming units per gram of infected rabbit faeces was 7·6×105±5·2×105.A relative estimate of the input of M. a. paratuberculosis onto pasture, at the stocking levels found on the four farms, showed that sheep and cattle potentially contributed 4 and 125 times more organisms/ha per day respectively than rabbits. However, rabbits could still contribute millions of M. a. paratuberculosis organisms per ha per day. Existing rabbit control measures on farms may be inadequate in reducing the risk of transmission to livestock.
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Daniels, M. J., M. R. Hutchings, D. Henderson, A. Greig, K. Stevenson, and J. M. Sharp. "Do rabbits pose a risk of Johne’s disease to grazing cattle?" Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620000394x.
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Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a chronic invariably fatal enteritis of cattle caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and has recently been isolated from wild rabbits. One potential route of transmission of M.a.paratuberculosis from rabbits to cattle is the ingestion of rabbit excreta contaminating pasture. Here we (1) determine the prevalence and level of infection in rabbits and their excreta (2) quantify the level of rabbit faeces contaminating cattle pastures and (3) determine the impact of rabbit faeces on cattle grazing behaviour.
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Olsen, Jerry, Brian Cooke, Susan Trost, and David Judge. "Is wedge-tailed eagle, Aquila audax, survival and breeding success closely linked to the abundance of European rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus?" Wildlife Research 41, no. 2 (2014): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14033.
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Context Some ecologists argue that nesting success and abundance of wedge-tailed eagles (Aquila audax) are strongly linked to the abundance of introduced wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Consequently, concerns were expressed about eagle population viability when the biological control agent rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) heavily reduced rabbit numbers. However, observations following the spread of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in Australia and Spain (where Aquila adalberti is an equivalent of A. audax) question this assertion. Eagle numbers did not fall even though rabbits declined regionally by up to 90% in both countries. Aims To reconsider the assumption of a strong link between rabbit abundance and wedge-tailed eagle breeding and population maintenance. Dispelling misconceptions, if any, about the eagles’ dependence on rabbits would benefit the future management of both eagles and rabbits. Methods We reviewed the literature associated with claims that eagles were heavily dependent on rabbits and asked whether these views could be substantiated given the lack of changes in eagle abundance following the spread of RHD. Data on eagle egg-clutch size and nesting success were also reviewed. Conclusions There is little evidence that eagles depend heavily on rabbits as prey. Instead, as rabbits decline, more kangaroos, reptiles and birds are eaten, partly because more native prey becomes available. Eagles have a high proportion of rabbits in their diets mainly where degradation of natural ecosystems, including that caused by rabbits, results in native prey being rare or unavailable. There has been minimal variation in average clutch size following major perturbations in rabbit population size. Implications Rather than perpetuating the idea that high populations of rabbits are needed for wedge-tailed eagle conservation, resources would be better re-directed into understanding continental-scale eagle population dynamics. This would provide a more rational framework to assist decisions on future biological control agents for rabbits.