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Journal articles on the topic 'Race relations act'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Tatham, Marcia. "The Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000." Practical Pre-School 2002, no. 33 (2002): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prps.2002.1.33.40237.

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Exten-Wright, Jonathan, and Jane Hannon. "Impact of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act." British Journal of Healthcare Management 7, no. 9 (2001): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2001.7.9.19160.

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Warden, J. "NHS to come under Race Relations Act." BMJ 318, no. 7184 (1999): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7184.625.

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Brahams, Diana. "General Medical Council Tests and Race Relations Act." Lancet 332, no. 8607 (1988): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92888-7.

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5

McCrudden, Christopher, David J. Smith, and Colin Brown. "Groups versus individuals: The ambiguity behind the Race Relations Act." Policy Studies 12, no. 1 (1991): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442879108423584.

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Bedi, R., and M. MacEwen. "Ethnic minorities, health provision and the 1976 Race Relations Act." Postgraduate Medical Journal 66, no. 782 (1990): 1043–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.66.782.1043.

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Choudhury, Rita. "Race Relations Amendment Act 2000: a response from a shire county." Race Equality Teaching 21, no. 1 (2002): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/ret.21.1.07.

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8

Gardner, John. "Section 20 Of The Race Relations Act 1976: “Facilities” And “Services”." Modern Law Review 50, no. 3 (1987): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1987.tb02578.x.

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Hussain, Asifa, and Mohammed Ishaq. "Managing race equality in Scottish local councils in the aftermath of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000." International Journal of Public Sector Management 21, no. 6 (2008): 586–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513550810896488.

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Field, Stewart, and Pauline Roberts. "Racism and police investigations: individual redress, public interests and collective change after the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000." Legal Studies 22, no. 4 (2002): 493–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2002.tb00666.x.

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This paper considers the impact of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. It focuses on the kind of situation presented by the Stephen Lawrence murder investigation where racist stereotypes and assumptions infect both police inquiries into serious violent crime and the treatment of victims or their families. It first demonstrates the limited scope of individual redress available prior to the Act in such situations (examining police complaints mechanisms, private prosecutions, misfeasance in public office, judicial review and negligence). It links limitations in the scope of individual redres

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Sandberg, Russell. "To Equality and Beyond: Religious Discrimination and the Equality Act 2006." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 8, no. 39 (2006): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x00006761.

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Recent years have witnessed a piecemeal development of discrimination law that affects religious organisations: the collection includes statutes such as the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and the Race Relations Act 1976, statutory instruments such as the Employment Equality Regulations 2003 and 2005, and international human rights instruments such as Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The newest addition to the collection is the Equality Act 2006 (c 3), which received Royal Assent on 16 February 2006.

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Cruickshank, Joanna. "Race, History, and the Australian Faith Missions." Itinerario 34, no. 3 (2010): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115310000677.

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In 1901, the parliament of the new Commonwealth of Australia passed a series of laws designed, in the words of the Prime Minister Edmund Barton, “to make a legislative declaration of our racial identity”. An Act to expel the large Pacific Islander community in North Queensland was followed by a law restricting further immigration to applicants who could pass a literacy test in a European language. In 1902, under the Commonwealth Franchise Act, “all natives of Asia and Africa” as well as Aboriginal people were explicitly denied the right to vote in federal elections. The “White Australia policy

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13

Bourne, Jenny, and Colin Prescod. "IRR50 and the revolutionary act: ‘We are here to recommit’." Race & Class 65, no. 1 (2023): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063968231167799.

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To open the IRR50 ‘New Circuits of Anti-racism Conference’ held at King’s College London in October 2022, Jenny Bourne, staff member, and Colin Prescod, IRR Chair, describe in their short speeches what the changing of the orientation of the Institute of Race Relations at its 1972 Extraordinary General Meeting had meant and how the organisation had changed its role and focused its commitment over fifty years. Their introduction includes description of the films for IRR directed by Prescod, Struggles for Black Community.

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Nwonka, Clive James. "Policing Black Film: Racism, Black Resistance and the Applicational Dexterity of Race Relations in Babylon." Sociology 55, no. 4 (2021): 840–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038520985793.

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The racial unrests permeating across Britain in the late 1970s resulted in a set of political agendas responding to racism to be brought into being though legislation, culminating in the passing of the 1976 Race Relations Act. Crucial to such agendas were strategies for the prevention of black urban uprisings against state authority and the politicisation of black youths against racism. The emergence of politicised black British film during the late 1970s offered a crucial counter-hegemonic exploration and re-enactment of an extra-filmic reality of police violence and popular racism within the

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15

Stoyanov, Kristiyan. "A Global Green Subsidies Race? The EU’s Green Deal Industrial Plan: Effective and WTO-Compatible?" Journal of World Trade 59, Issue 2 (2025): 303–26. https://doi.org/10.54648/trad2025020.

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p class="MsoNormal"On 16 August 2022, the US passed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (‘IRA’) – the world’s largest green subsidy measure in modern economic history. This legislation came at a time when subsidies for green energies have been increasing substantially around the globe. This article analyses the EU Green Deal Industrial Plan (‘GDIP’) – the EU’s response to the US’ IRA and the general increase of subsidies worldwide. In particular, the article argues that the two key legislations under the GDIP – the Critical Raw Materials Act (‘CRMA’) and the Net-Zero Industry Act (‘NZIA’) – ar

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Adler, Libby. "California's Holocaust Victim Insurance Relief Act and American Preemption Doctrine." German Law Journal 4, no. 11 (2003): 1193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200012049.

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On the same day that the United States Supreme Court handed down its much anticipated decisions on affirmative action in higher education, holding that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution permits a degree of race-consciousness in public university admissions, it also issued a far less heralded decision with implications for the ability of the states to address historical injustice. In American Insurance Association v. Garamendi (Garamendi), five members of the Court, led by Justice Souter, found that California's Holocaust Victim Insurance

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17

Low, Remy. "Secularism, race, religion and the Public Instruction Act of 1880 in NSW." History of Education Review 48, no. 2 (2019): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-07-2018-0019.

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PurposeThrough a political genealogy, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the institutionalisation of the so-called “secular principle” in NSW state schools in the late-nineteenth century, which is commonly assumed to be a historical moment when religious neutrality was enshrined in public education, was overdetermined by the politics of racialisation and ethno-nationalism.Design/methodology/approachThe historiographical method used here is labelled “political genealogy”. This approach foregrounds how every social order and norm is contingent on political struggles that have shaped

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Schaffer, G. "Legislating against Hatred: Meaning and Motive in Section Six of the Race Relations Act of 1965." Twentieth Century British History 25, no. 2 (2013): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hws053.

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Fekete, Liz. "Anti-fascism – a new horizon." Race & Class 63, no. 4 (2022): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063968221083191.

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In an extended version of a presentation on 3 February 2022 to the Stuart Hall Foundation’s fifth Annual Conversation on ‘Manufacturing Dissent: Moments of Solidarity’, the director of the Institute of Race Relations asks whether a refreshed anti-fascism, that tackles the global war against the poor, New Right ‘culture wars’, ‘total policing’ and the surveillance state, can act as an inspiration for diffuse struggles to come together into communities of resistance.

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Ramjattan, Vijay A. "Raciolinguistics and the aesthetic labourer." Journal of Industrial Relations 61, no. 5 (2018): 726–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618792990.

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Select studies on aesthetic labour explore how race becomes a component in ‘looking good’ for customers. However, there is little mention of how race is also salient in ‘sounding right’. This article addresses this issue by exploring the impact of race on the vocal demands placed on aesthetic labourers. Using raciolinguistics, a field that investigates the interconnections between language and race, the article specifically notes how two sites of language-focused aesthetic labour, English language teaching and Indian call centres, reinforce conceptions of sounding right that privilege Whitenes

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Peplow, Simon. "The ‘Linchpin for Success’? The problematic establishment of the 1965 Race Relations Act and its Conciliation Board." Contemporary British History 31, no. 3 (2016): 430–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13619462.2016.1261697.

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MacEwen, Martin. "Racial Grounds: a Definition of Identity?" International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 3, no. 1 (1998): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822919800300104.

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This paper examines the meaning of ‘Racial Grounds’ in terms of legal definition and also the social implications which may stem from this. The UK legislation against racial discrimination shares some terminology with international and regional conventions and treaties but a broader definition is frequently extended to the latter. The UK definition of racial discrimination includes ‘race, colour, nationality and ethnic or national origin’. These terms are examined and some practical difficulties identified. Recent cases have suggested that to discriminate against someone on the grounds of his

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Kim, Nam-Kook. "The Way of Evolution of Human Rights in Britain: European Challenges and Parliamentary Sovereignty." International Area Review 8, no. 2 (2005): 43–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/223386590500800203.

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This paper examines how Britain tries to defend its national sovereignty against European challenges in the area of human rights policies and how the British approach to human rights has evolved after adjusting complicated demands from Europe. I explore the three British Acts of human rights and immigration policies: the Human rights Act of 1998, the 1999 Immigration and Asylum Act, and the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. I assess the British case in the context of two competing views: one, human rights as a constitutive principle of, not an external imposition on, liberal nation states.

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Warbrick, Colin, Dominic McGoldrick, Peter Rowe, and Michael A. Meyer. "II. The Geneva Conventions (Amendment) Act 1995: A Generally Minimalist Approach." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 45, no. 2 (1996): 476–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058930005911x.

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The government's decision, announced on 22 October 1993, to ratify the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 as soon as amendments to the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 could be made led to a race to pass the bill through all its stages in both Houses before 4 December 1995.1 This was the date of the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent held in Geneva and it was argued in the House of Lords that the British Red Cross should be able to attend the conference and to say that the necessary domestic legislation had been passed to enable ratification to take

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25

Howell, Philip. "Prostitution and Racialised Sexuality: The Regulation of Prostitution in Britain and the British Empire before the Contagious Diseases Acts." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 18, no. 3 (2000): 321–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d259.

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In this paper I examine the interplay of race and sexuality in 19th-century British colonial legislation concerning prostitution. I demonstrate that British systems of regulation of prostitution predated the introduction of the Contagious Diseases Act in 1864, and that rather than spreading from Britain to its colonies regulationist measures developed from the interplay of metropolitan-colonial relations. The example of Hong Kong serves to illustrate both the priority of colonial systems for the regulation of prostitution and the explicitly racialised nature of this legislation. I argue that c

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Ajrouch, Kristine, Toni Antonucci, and Rita Hu. "SOCIAL RELATIONS AND OLDER MIGRANTS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1634.

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Abstract This paper elaborates on how the key life course tenets of timing and context represent important factors that influence older adult social relations following the act of migration. The timing of migration may yield specific social relations. For instance, migrating later in life is likely to result in more homogenous and restricted networks compared to migrating as a young adult. Reasons for migration (political instability, family reunification, or socio-economic aspirations) as well as host country factors such as immigrant policies and receptivity infer important contexts in which

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Murphy, Caryn. "Network television writers and the ‘race problems’ of 1968." Journal of Screenwriting 10, no. 3 (2019): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00006_1.

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This article examines the development of television scripts in the crime drama genre within the context of US commercial broadcasting in the network era. In 1968, public discourse around race relations, civil rights and violence reached a height following the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr and Robert F. Kennedy, and the release of a government study on urban uprisings by the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. Ironside (1967‐75, NBC) and N.Y.P.D. (1967‐69, ABC) are two crime dramas that drew on recent events related to black militants and white supremacy in order to appe

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Blake, Art. "Re-Dressing Race and Gender: The Performance and Politics of Eldridge Cleaver’s Pants." Fashion Studies 1, no. 1 (2018): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.38055/fs010112.

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In Paris in 1975 Eldridge Cleaver, exiled revolutionary African American activist, former Minister of Information for the Black Panther Party, appeared in photographs and newspaper articles wearing, and discussing, pants he had designed. The major innovation in Cleaver’s pants was a redesigned crotch: instead of the usual button and zip front opening, his pants featured a soft panel with a protuberant fabric appendage into which Cleaver intended the wearer’s penis to fit. Why did Cleaver channel his intelligence and creativity into menswear at that moment? How did Cleaver’s penis-positive pant

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Soares, Glaucio Ary Dillon, and Nelson do Valle Silva. "Urbanization, Race, and Class in Brazilian Politics." Latin American Research Review 22, no. 2 (1987): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100022081.

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Late in 1982, elections were held in Brazil for governors, congressional representatives in both houses, state legislators, mayors, and city council members. According to many observers, they were the first truly free elections in twenty years, the first unhampered by the ominous presence of an institutional act that had overridden the Brazilian constitution.

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Roberts, Pauline, and Lucy Vickers. "Harassment at Work as Discrimination: The Current Debate in England and Wales." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 3, no. 2 (1998): 91–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822919800300202.

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In 1996–97 there were a number of significant decisions which extended the scope of employers' liability for sexual and racial harassment at work, based upon the provisions of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and the Race Relations Act 1976. This article seeks to analyse the impact of these recent cases. It began by considering the relationship between the concepts of ‘harassment’ and ‘discrimination’ and the problems inherent in using the anti-discrimination legislation to deal with harassment and bullying at work; we then focus on the recently demonstrated ‘purposive’ approach of the Employme

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Smith, Rogers M., Desmond S. King, and Philip A. Klinkner. "Challenging History: Barack Obama & American Racial Politics." Daedalus 140, no. 2 (2011): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00082.

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Modern American racial politics remains sharply divided over racial policy issues, with coalitions of political activists, groups, and governing institutions aligned on opposing sides. A “color-blind” policy alliance urges government to act with as little regard to race as possible. A “race-conscious” alliance argues that policies should aim to reduce material racial inequalities and that race-targeted measures are often needed. These modern racial policy alliances are strongly identified with the two major parties; as a result, they contribute to modern political polarization. In a predominan

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Antor, Heinz. "Post-Mabo White Settler Fables and the Negotiation of Native Title Legislation in Andrew McGahan’s The White Earth (2004)." Pólemos 10, no. 1 (2016): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pol-2016-0011.

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Abstract In his novel The White Earth, Andrew McGahan engages with an important chapter in the history of his country, namely the period of the famous Mabo case of 1992, which overturned the doctrine of terra nullius, and the subsequent Native Title Act of 1993. This novel of initiation with gothic features draws attention to both the woeful history of the dispossession, maltreatment and partial elimination of Australian Aborigines and to the issue of how white Australians cope with this past as well as the guilt, anxieties, and loss of orientation this may create. The novel thus turns into a

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Graham, Hugh Davis. "Race, History, and Policy: African Americans and Civil Rights Since 1964." Journal of Policy History 6, no. 1 (1994): 12–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600003614.

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Dwarfing all debates over civil rights policy and race relations during the three decades since 1964 has been the storm over affirmative action. Critics have argued that affirmative action in practice has meant requiring racial quotas, and hence practicing “reverse discrimination” against innocent (usually white male) third parties. This has been done, critics contend, in the name of a law, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, that explicitly prohibited racial preferences. Proponents have countered that racism is so deeply rooted in American culture and institutions that mere nondiscrimination will p

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Bennett, Michael, Sharon Roberts, and Howard Davis. "The Way Forward — Positive Discrimination or Positive Action?" International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 6, no. 3 (2005): 223–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822910500600303.

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The focus of this article is an evaluation of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000, which imposes duties on public authorities, and the Sex Discrimination (Election Candidates) Act 2002, which gives opportunities to political parties over the selection of candidates. Both of these Acts help to move anti-discrimination law in the United Kingdom away from a concentration on remedies for inconsistent treatment towards the acceptance of the need for positive measures aimed at both protecting and also advancing the position of an under-represented group. The article suggests that the positive me

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Dias-Abey, Manoj. "Mobilizing for Recognition: Indie Unions, Migrant Workers, and Strategic Equality Act Litigation." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 38, Issue 2 (2022): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022007.

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Drawing on a broad repertoire of action, including strategic litigation, several new activist unions have appeared that seek to represent the multiracial working class of contemporary Britain. Although the court cases that have drawn the most attention are those that challenge the misclassification of employees or ‘workers’ as ‘self-employed’, another dimension of these unions’ strategic litigation has been the utilization of the Equality Act 2010 (Equality Act) to allege racial discrimination. The contention advanced in this article is that it might be possible to read unions’ increasing use

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MEIER, KENNETH J., and AMANDA RUTHERFORD. "Partisanship, Structure, and Representation: The Puzzle of African American Education Politics." American Political Science Review 108, no. 2 (2014): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055414000148.

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The 1982 amendments to the Voting Rights Act targeted electoral structures as significant determinants of minority representation. The research regarding electoral structures and representation of constituents, however, has produced conflicting results, and the continued application of some of the provisions set forth in the Voting Rights Act is in doubt. This article addresses the impact of at-large elections on African American representation and reveals a striking and unanticipated finding: African Americans are now overrepresented on school boards that have at-large elections when African

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de Oca, Jeffrey Montez. "White Domestic Goddess on a Postmodern Plantation: Charity and Commodity Racism in The Blind Side." Sociology of Sport Journal 29, no. 2 (2012): 131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.29.2.131.

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This article looks at the Hollywood “blockbuster” movie The Blind Side (2009) to explore intersections of race, class, and gender in a significant neoliberal, cultural commodity. Animating the production and, apparently, the consumption of the film is the “inspiring” story of Michael Oher, an impoverished young African American man who was adopted by a wealthy white family and rose to success in the National Football League in the United States. The film mobilizes postracial and postfeminist discourses to tell a story of redemption and how private charity can overcome social problems that the

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Riddell, Sheila, and Nick Watson. "Introduction: Equality and Human Rights in Britain." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 2 (2011): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746410000539.

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The first ten years of the twenty-first century has seen the British Government introduce radical change to its equality policy. These changes have included the creation of a single equalities body, the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC); the expansion of the equality terrain to include age, sexuality and sexual orientation and faith and belief in addition to gender, race and disability as protected grounds; the decision to coalesce human rights and equality legislation under the direction the EHRC; the development of an Equalities Framework; the promulgation of a new Equality Act (20

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Bamigbola Olayinka, Esther, and Mary Ihejirika Ijeoma. "RACISM IN CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE’S AMERICANAH: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS." Kampala International University Interdisciplinary Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (2021): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.59568/kijhus-2021-2-3-11.

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Since the slavery and colonial eras, racism and ethnic issues, power and class relations between individuals, entities, communities and dominance have been the major issues in the world. Racism enacts superiority of a race over another, and this act affects people not only on interpersonal level but also through the broader structures of society most notably in the system of education, justice, media, policing, immigration and employment as well as through hate activities and government policies. This study portrays how Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is able to manipulate her choice of words in desc

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Anderson, Katie Elizabeth. "Film as a reflection of society: interracial marriage and Stanley Kramer’s Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner in late 1960s America." SURG Journal 4, no. 1 (2010): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v4i1.1105.

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This paper explores the debate of whether Hollywood films act as influential and progressive forces in a society, or do they serve as a larger reflection of that society. I examine Stanley Kramer’s film Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (1967), about an interracial marriage between a black man and a white woman. Was the film progressive for its time, or was it reflective of the social attitudes in late 1960s America? I argue that although there are aspects of the film that can be construed as progressive and influential for the era, the film more accurately serves as a reflection of the larger soci

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David, Paul A. "Service Provision to Black People: A Study of Occupational Therapy Staff in Physical Disability Teams within Social Services." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 58, no. 3 (1995): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269505800302.

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This research derived Its Impetus from the need to recognise that we live in a multiracial and multicultural society. Thus, the responses of caring agencies to individuals must be governed by the fact that there are varying needs depending on cultural and racial backgrounds, and the services that are provided need to be geared to all sectors of the community. The study focused on the occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants In physical disability teams in a social services department and the service they provided to their black clients. The aim was to assess how effectively

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Palmateer Pennee, Donna. "Benjamin Drew and Samuel Gridley Howe on Race Relations in Early Ontario: Mythologizing and Debunking Canada West’s “Moral Superiority”." Journal of Canadian Studies 56, no. 1 (2022): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs-2020-0025.

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This essay examines the respective mythologizing and debunking of Canada’s “moral superiority” over the United States on matters of white-Black race relations in Benjamin Drew’s 1856 The Refugee: or the Narratives of Fugitive Slaves in Canada and Samuel Gridley Howe’s 1864 The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West. Their accounts of the impact of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and American Civil War on Canadian and American political reputations are instructive. The historical presence of Black people in the making of Ontario’s history and its relationship to American antebellum history helps t

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Ackrén, Maria, and Uffe Jakobsen. "Greenland as a self-governing sub-national territory in international relations: past, current and future perspectives." Polar Record 51, no. 4 (2014): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224741400028x.

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ABSTRACTGreenland was used by the US as a platform and as an extended arm within its security and foreign policy during the World War II and the cold war. After this things changed, although Greenland remained important in Danish-US relations under the umbrella of NATO. Nowadays, the geostrategic position of Greenland between North America and Europe is gaining fresh prominence in the race for natural resources in the Arctic. Many issues arise from the prospective opening of the Arctic, all of which may have fateful impacts on future development in the region. Climate change, claims related to

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Rush, Mark E. "Maximization, Whatever the Cost: Race, Redistricting, and the Department of Justice. By Maurice T. Cunningham. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2001. 192p. $62.50." American Political Science Review 96, no. 1 (2002): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055402254325.

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With the Supreme Court decision in Easley v. Cromartie, the 1990s round of redistricting litigation came to an end just in time for the new decade's round to commence. Looking back upon the Court decisions from the 1990s as well as the extensive scholarly commentary on them, anyone new to the field of voting rights in the United States might wonder how the Voting Rights Act, which was a straightforward attempt to remedy indisputably unjust political practices, could have given rise to the I-85 district in North Carolina.

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Toh, Ernest Muchu. "African Immigrant and the Struggle against Class, Racism and Xenophobic Consequences in Post-Apartheid South Africa." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 7 (2020): 1460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul837.

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This paper brings to understanding the effects of class and racism which are manifested in xenophobic attacks against foreign blacks in South Africa. Xenophobic attacks have been persistent in the country for over the last two decade. It has amongst other things slowed the economy, particularly affected the country’s relations with the African continent and tainted the image of South Africa to the entire world. These attacks turn the livelihood of Africans immigrants into a daily struggle to adapt, survive, integrate themselves and contributes to the development of the country. The article see

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Adinda, Adinda. "Interreligious Communication Perspective of the Qur'an Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13." Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 8, no. 1 (2024): 2368–77. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v8i1.8217.

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This research discusses the concept of interreligious communication in the context of the Qur'an, focusing on Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13. This Surah teaches the basic principles of human relations, which emphasize the importance of tolerance and respect for differences in race, culture, and belief. This research uses qualitative analysis and literature review methods to analyze the data and find conclusions. Tolerance means respecting, allowing, and freeing others to behave and act in a way that is consistent with their rights, as long as it does not harm or infringe upon the rights of others.

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Al-Noaimi, Haya. "Militarism and the Bedouin: Intersections of colonialism, gender, and race in the Arab Gulf." Security Dialogue 52, no. 6 (2021): 529–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09670106211054902.

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This article investigates the development of militarism in the Arab Gulf using the militarized representation of the Bedouin and their poetic tradition as a site for its analysis. The article traces the ways in which Bedouin ‘martial masculinities’ and Bedouin culture have been appropriated and transformed by British colonialism and postcolonial nationalisms to produce unusual patterns of militarism within the Gulf. It addresses a gap in international relations and security studies literature, in which militarism is examined through state-centric and methodologically nationalist framings that

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Robertson, Peter, Jingdong Yuan, and Harsha Konara Mudiyanselage. "China, India and the contest for the Indo-Pacific." Indian Growth and Development Review 13, no. 2 (2019): 289–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-06-2019-0055.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe how China’s rapid growth and increasing resource dependence have changed its relationship with India and their respective defense strategies. In particular, we consider China's Belt and Road Initiative, India's “Act East” policy and the strategic and economic value of the Indian Ocean and South China Sea regions. Design/methodology/approach The authors find no econometric evidence of interactions between China and India’s military spending using a Richardson-Baumol arms race model. Likewise, in a cross-county panel data study of military spendin

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Burke, Susan. "Desir v. Ilchert." American Journal of International Law 82, no. 4 (1988): 830–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203520.

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Plaintiff, a Haitian seeking asylum in the United States, filed a petition for habeas corpus in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, to overturn a denial of asylum by both an immigration judge and the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA). The plaintiff sought asylum under section 101(a)(42)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. §1101(a)(42)(A) (1982)) (INA) on the basis of “persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.” The district cour

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Tkachenko, Stanislav, Natalia Zhiglinskaya Wyrsch, and Zheng Cui. "Technology platform competition between the United States and China: Decoupling and sanctions against Huawei." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations 14, no. 4 (2022): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2021.401.

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Decoupling, defined as the deliberate and state-directed severing of economic ties between the world’s two largest economies (the USA and China), is one of the most studied phenomena of contemporary international relations. The growing confrontation between the political systems and military machines of the United States and China extends into the economic sphere and increasingly affects the field of high technology. A number of experts consider the conflict of the modern superpowers for the leading position in the field of the new technologies as a manifestation of techno-nationalism, a new t

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