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SILLIAU, VALENTIN CHRISTIANE. "Biologie et identite : la question des races humaines vue par les naturalistes l'identification biologique la reference biologique dans l'identification des hommes." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070138.
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Que dit la biologie sur l'identite des individus et des groupes ? cette etude examine les problemes fondamentaux rencontres par les taxonomistes (que ce soit linne et buffon au xviiieme siecle ou les biologistes d'aujourd'hui qui identifient bacteries et virus) en reference a l'ancienne querelle entre nominalistes et realistes et aux questions posees par aristote,: comment definir un individu ? comment attribuer les termes genre et espece aux etres vivants ? comment respecter la continuite du monde vivant dans les classifications ? dans la tentative d'identification de races humaines, depuis buffon, l'incapacite des "biologistes" a faire abstraction des hierarchies raciales acceptees de leur temps, s'est ajoutee aux difficultes classiques de l'identification biologique, ce qui a empeche tout travail rigoureux dans ce domaine jusqu'a une periode recente. La definition du "genome comme logos " est discutee. La possibilite de definir materiellement un etre humain - par son genome et par l'activite de ses neurones - est examinee en utilisant la reflexion contemporaine (philosophy of mind ) et la critique de descartes par merleau-ponty. L'utilisation arbitraire des caracteres biologiques et des filiations dans l'attribution des identites individuelles et collectives est mise en evidenceThis work deals with the fundamental problems encountered by taxonomists (linneaus and buffon, in the past, as well as modern-day biologists typing bacteria and viruses). It refers to the old dispute between nominalists and realists and to the questions of aristotle : is it possible to define a living thing as a unique entity ? how can the terms gender and species be applied to living being ? is there a way to acknowledge the cohesion of the living world ? attempts have been made to define human races. Since buffon, the inability of naturalists to cast aside the accepted hierarchies added to the difficulties of biological classification. This explains why no definitive study has been produced, in this field, until recently. This work discusses the genome as logos. It examines the possibility of a physical definition of a human beeing by using the genome and neuronal activity. It offers a critical study based on the contemporary philosophy of mind and on the analysis of descartes's views by merleau-ponty. This work posits that the use of physical traits and generational characteristics to" identify an individual or a group is arbitrary. In making the distinction among political entities, that which is inherently culturally acquired is frequently naturalised
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Cardoso, Lourenço [UNESP]. "O branco ante a rebeldia do desejo: um estudo sobre a branquitude no Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115710.
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000809900.pdf: 2801140 bytes, checksum: c89b89d5ebcfa9ae1024381e782f4772 (MD5)Esta tese O branco ante a rebeldia do desejo objetiva analisar o branco pesquisador que estuda o negro, a cultura, o “universo” negro, etc. A questão central é a seguinte: Por que o branco pensa o Outro e não em si? Ante a esse propósito, optei pela técnica da entrevista, visto que, foi a forma mais direta que encontrei para colher a informação que pretendia. A pesquisa que realizei foi qualitativa e fiz o uso das análises de discurso e de conteúdo para colaborar com a interpretação dos dados. “Vossa Excelência, o branco”, é a figura fundamental deste trabalho. Na primeira parte, procurei conhecê-lo por meio de uma análise histórica e também no contraste com o negro. Além disso, realizei uma autorreflexão com base no pressuposto de que o conhecimento científico possui uma característica subjetiva. Na segunda parte, abordei algumas características culturais e psicológicas da branquitude contemporânea e dialoguei com os acadêmicos que entrevistei. Em nossa interação, tratamos de temas e problemas das relações raciais, sem deixar de perder o foco da problemática principal. Durante a pesquisa, optei também por entrevistar o pesquisador branco que estuda o próprio grupo. A minha intenção foi conhecer sua perspectiva a respeito do seu colega “que pensa o Outro”, levando-se em conta que “ele pensa em si”. Por causa do perfil diferente de pesquisadores surgiu um pequeno contraponto a respeito do problema racial. Para o primeiro (grupo de pesquisadores) seria um “problema do negro”, enquanto, o segundo, considera como um “problema do branco”. Quanto ao arcabouço teórico, dialoguei com a teoria nacional e internacional referente à raça, com maior ênfase aos estudos referentes à branquitude. A mais, fiz uso dos estudos “descoloniais” e da epistemologia clássica
This thesis “White people facing the rebellion of desire” analyzes the white researcher who studies black people, black culture, the “black universe” etc. The central question is: Why does the “white” think about the Other instead of himself? For this purpose, I've chosen the interview technique, the most direct way for me to collect the information I wanted. I’ve conducted a qualitative research using the method of discourse analysis and also content analysis to help me with the data interpretation. “Your Excellency, the white is the key figure of this work. In the first part, I’ve tried to make acquaintance to this persona through historical analysis, opposing it to the black persona. In addition, I’ve performed a self-reflection based on the assumption that scientific knowledge has a subjective characteristic. In the second part, I’ve discussed some cultural and psychological characteristics of contemporary whiteness dialoguing with the academics I’ve interviewed. In our interaction, we’ve dealt with racial relations issues and problems, focusing on the main idea. During the investigation I’ve also chose to interview the white researcher who studies his own group. My intention was to know his perspective about the colleagues who “think about the Other” – taking into account that “he thinks about himself”. A small counterpoint about the racial problem aroused because of all the different researchers' profiles I used. For the first group of researchers it would be a “problem of blacks”, while the second group considers it a “problem of whites”. Regarding the theoretical framework, I’ve dialogued with national and international race theory, with greater emphasis on studies related to whiteness. Furthermore, I’ve used decolonials studies and classical epistemology. Keywords: whiteness, uncritical whiteness, white-centrism, whiteness
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Cardoso, Lourenço. "O branco ante a rebeldia do desejo : um estudo sobre a branquitude no Brasil /." Araraquara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/115710.
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Orientador: Dagoberto José FonsecaBanca: Bas'ilele Malomalo
Banca: Sônia Maria da Silva Araújo
Banca: Antonio Rago Filho
Banca: Renata Medeiros Paoliello
Resumo: Esta tese O branco ante a rebeldia do desejo objetiva analisar o branco pesquisador que estuda o negro, a cultura, o "universo" negro, etc. A questão central é a seguinte: Por que o branco pensa o Outro e não em si? Ante a esse propósito, optei pela técnica da entrevista, visto que, foi a forma mais direta que encontrei para colher a informação que pretendia. A pesquisa que realizei foi qualitativa e fiz o uso das análises de discurso e de conteúdo para colaborar com a interpretação dos dados. "Vossa Excelência, o branco", é a figura fundamental deste trabalho. Na primeira parte, procurei conhecê-lo por meio de uma análise histórica e também no contraste com o negro. Além disso, realizei uma autorreflexão com base no pressuposto de que o conhecimento científico possui uma característica subjetiva. Na segunda parte, abordei algumas características culturais e psicológicas da branquitude contemporânea e dialoguei com os acadêmicos que entrevistei. Em nossa interação, tratamos de temas e problemas das relações raciais, sem deixar de perder o foco da problemática principal. Durante a pesquisa, optei também por entrevistar o pesquisador branco que estuda o próprio grupo. A minha intenção foi conhecer sua perspectiva a respeito do seu colega "que pensa o Outro", levando-se em conta que "ele pensa em si". Por causa do perfil diferente de pesquisadores surgiu um pequeno contraponto a respeito do problema racial. Para o primeiro (grupo de pesquisadores) seria um "problema do negro", enquanto, o segundo, considera como um "problema do branco". Quanto ao arcabouço teórico, dialoguei com a teoria nacional e internacional referente à raça, com maior ênfase aos estudos referentes à branquitude. A mais, fiz uso dos estudos "descoloniais" e da epistemologia clássica
Abstract: This thesis "White people facing the rebellion of desire" analyzes the white researcher who studies black people, black culture, the "black universe" etc. The central question is: Why does the "white" think about the Other instead of himself? For this purpose, I've chosen the interview technique, the most direct way for me to collect the information I wanted. I've conducted a qualitative research using the method of discourse analysis and also content analysis to help me with the data interpretation. "Your Excellency, the white" is the key figure of this work. In the first part, I've tried to make acquaintance to this persona through historical analysis, opposing it to the black persona. In addition, I've performed a self-reflection based on the assumption that scientific knowledge has a subjective characteristic. In the second part, I've discussed some cultural and psychological characteristics of contemporary whiteness dialoguing with the academics I've interviewed. In our interaction, we've dealt with racial relations issues and problems, focusing on the main idea. During the investigation I've also chose to interview the white researcher who studies his own group. My intention was to know his perspective about the colleagues who "think about the Other" - taking into account that "he thinks about himself". A small counterpoint about the racial problem aroused because of all the different researchers' profiles I used. For the first group of researchers it would be a "problem of blacks", while the second group considers it a "problem of whites". Regarding the theoretical framework, I've dialogued with national and international race theory, with greater emphasis on studies related to whiteness. Furthermore, I've used decolonials studies and classical epistemology. Keywords: whiteness, uncritical whiteness, white-centrism, whiteness
Doutor
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Chan, Sau-san. "Choosing an exchange rate regime for a sub-national economy from an optimum currency area perspective : the case of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18492083.
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Vermeren, Pauline. "La "question noire" en question dans la France (post)coloniale : approche philosophique de la race et de l'identité." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070026.
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Cette recherche doctorale s'interroge sur la construction des sujets et des identités (individuelles et collectives dans un contexte colonial et postcolonial français, au XXème siècle, dans lequel la race et la couleur de la peau sont des marqueurs structurants de la conscience de soi, de l'altérité et des rapports sociaux. L'analyse de Ia « question noire », spécifique à l'espace français, nécessite une pluralité d'approches et repose sur un embarras des univers sémantiques et lexicaux dont témoignent les usages des mots que sont la race et l'identité. À partir de perspectives politiques, culturelles, épistémologiques et phénoménologiques, l'enjeu est de saisir la construction historique des catégories raciales, ainsi que la structure sociale et politique qui permet de penser les modes de domination que cette question reflèteThis doctoral dissertation discusses the formation of subjects and identities (individual and collective) in a 20th century French colonial and post-colonial context, in which race and color of skin are structural markers on Consciousness, Otherness and of social relations. The analysis of the "Black Question", specifically in the French context, requires a plurality of appropriate methodological approaches, rince it rests on ambivalen semantic and lexical universes as shown by the use of terms such as "race" and "identity". The challenge here is to comprehend, from a political, cultural, epistemological and phenomenological perspective, the historical formation of racial categories as well as the social and political structure that allows us to think of the mode of domination as reflected by the above question
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FitzGerald, Marian. "The race and crime debate in Britain : what was the question?" Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2236/.
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Premo, Tracy Anne. "The effects of age, race, and question format on racial identification, attitudes, and preference." Scholarly Commons, 1997. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2663.
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The current study assessed racial identification, preference, and awareness using two methods: forced choice, and multiple choice. The participants consisted of 138, 4- and 12-year-old Black, White, and Biracial children. The Preschool Racial Attitude Measure II was used to assess the racial attitudes of children, and Racial Identification and Racial Preference questions were also used. The results show that Black and White children were all able to accurately self-identify. When using the forced choice format the majority of the Biracial children identified as Black, whereas when using the multiple choice format the majority of the Biracial children self identified as both Black and White. When using the multiple choice format to assess Racial Attitude the results revealed that across all racial groups there were more White preference choices by 4 year olds than by 12 year olds. For Racial Attitude, the results also revealed that Whites showed a higher mean White preference score than did Blacks, and Biracial children were intermediate between the other two groups. The results revealed that format did not significantly affect the Racial Preference response among the 4-year-old children, although the percentage of pro-White responses declined significantly when using the multiple choice format with the 12 year olds. For Racial Preference the results also indicate that regardless of format White children had significantly higher pro-White means than the Black children, and for the forced choice format only, Biracial children had a mean pro-White response intermediate between the other two groups. With the multiple choice format, the 4 year olds showed a higher pro-White mean than the 12 year olds. These results show that Biracial children tend to respond in a more race neutral manner when provided more choices than just Black and White. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Gleich, Joshua. "Write First, Ask Questions Later: Publishing and the Race to Tenure Track." UNIV TEXAS PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621069.
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Martinez, Ashley Josephine. "Half Empty/Half Full: Absence, Ethnicity, and the Question of Identity in the United States." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5841.
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This study helps us understand the complexities of transnational abandonment, and transnational abandonment in the context of Saudi heritage in particular. Based on a textual analysis of narratives on a blog by individuals abandoned by their Saudi fathers, my findings suggest that they discursively construct their identity in three ways: a) by negotiating their illegitimate status as perceived by many Saudis, and the validity of their search; b) by making sense of the absence of father and the cultural knowledge of the paternal side, while negotiating the inevitable presence of the father in many other ways and their ethnic difference; c) by navigating the tensions of continuing with the search and anticipating the consequences. These themes highlight how conditions of father absence, particularly where the father has a national origin different from one's own has dynamic and conflicting implications socially and culturally, and for production of identities for their children. In sum, this study challenges uncritical celebration of multiculturalism in the US, and broadens the understanding of the complexities of hybrid identities.
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Quintanilla, Fernando. "Spanish Historiography on the Question of Race, 1940s-2010: How Have Historians Approached Purity of Blood?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/271939.
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The concept of "purity of blood" in fifteenth and sixteenth century Iberia is one that has given rise to many historical interpretations throughout the decades. The way that race is conceptualized and understood by both the historians who interpret it, and by the society in which in functioned, has shaped the way in which modern historians have approached the study of race. Three significant contributions to the understanding of the idea of race within the Iberian Peninsula of the late medieval and early modern periods are those of Américo Castro, Henry Kamen and David Nirenberg. Each historian approaches race in a fundamentally distinct manner. While historians construct new ideas and ways of understanding the Iberian concept of limpieza de sangre (purity of blood) and race itself - in the past, it is evident that they wrestle with difficulties that are by no means unique, for scholarship continues to strive to add something new to the problem of classifying and identifying human groups, as is our sociological tendency.
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Chan, Sau-san, and 陳守信. "Choosing an exchange rate regime for a sub-national economy from an optimum currency area perspective: the caseof Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3123558X.
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Dupuy, Doryann. ""Somos Dominicanos" : la migration haïtienne et la question de l'identité nationale en République dominicaine." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35099.
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En République dominicaine, au-delà des palmiers, du soleil brûlant de la Caraïbe et des plages de sable blanc se cache dans l’obscurité des bateyes construits en périphérie des grandes et riches compagnies sucrières une réalité sociale que peu connaissent pour des raisons évidentes. Les retombées de la migration haïtienne en République dominicaine ont, à plusieurs reprises, été condamnées par la communauté internationale, notamment par les organisations non-gouvernementales qui œuvrent pour la protection des droits humains. En dépit du fait qu’il y a entre Haïti et la République dominicaine une histoire coloniale qui jusqu’à présent se manifeste explicitement dans l’administration politique, la culture et la composition ethnique des deux pays, la société dominicaine s’est toujours considérée à part, distincte de la société haïtienne. À la base de toute différentiation politique, culturelle et ethnique, c’est une question de nation et de nationalisme qui se pose; l’émergence de toute nation étant conditionnelle à sa singularité et à une adhésion collective à cette singularité. Pour mettre à l’épreuve cette perspective théorique et pour évaluer l’incidence de la migration haïtienne sur le processus de définition identitaire de la République dominicaine, nous avons effectué une analyse critique de discours à partir de documents législatifs, littéraires et scolaires. Ce que nous avons pu découvrir dans notre interprétation qualitative, c’est que le conservatisme institutionnel et l’évangélisation de l’identité nationale dominicaine au niveau discursif maintiennent la République dominicaine dans un état permanent d’incertitude identitaire, l’empêchant d’accéder pleinement au statut de nation.
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Spence, Lynette. "Routes to roots, exploring questions of race, identities and knowing with "black" young women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ56205.pdf.
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Régnier, Alain. "Word use : literary art and political intent in Quebec and Canada : the question of race and ethnicity." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8749.
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Abstract : The following dissertation provides a comparative analysis of four Québécois and Canadian literary authors—Fulvio Caccia, Ying Chen, Wayson Choy, and Lawrence Hill—and the manner in which they have responded through varied use of genre to present-day racial and ethnic discourse, as it occurs within both wider society and the Canadian and Québécois literary institutions more specifically. The dissertation begins with an introductory chapter that takes up the central concepts that inform the study, namely, those of ethnic literature, écriture migrante, race, ethnicity, hybridity, transculture, and comparative literature. The main body of the dissertation is divided into two parts, the first dealing with the francophone authors Caccia and Chen, the second with the anglophone authors Choy and Hill. In the first part, the writers are shown to employ defamiliarizing and ‘unreadable’ literary strategies drawn from the nouveau roman (or French new novel) and fantastic literary genres in an effort to resist common understandings of race and ethnicity, with the creation of a universal, deracialized literary space resulting to differing degrees in each case. In the second part, the study focuses on the use that Choy and Hill have made of more traditional and readable literary forms—realist and autobiographical in nature—in the attempt not so much to reject outright the discourse of race and ethnicity but to resignify the meaning of these latter terms in ways that allow for the production of a more open sense of identity. In this regard, by informing and historicizing certain cultural realities (here, Chinese Canadian and African Canadian respectively), Choy and Hill seek to challenge the reductive views that have in the past affected these often marginalized segments of Canadian society. Ultimately, the dissertation attempts to explore how the four authors in question participate in a shared project of sorts through their contestation of dominant racial and ethnic discourse, despite the different stylistic approaches they may take. A secondary aspect of the project addresses, through recourse to reader-response theory, some of the difficulties that may arise when a mainstream readership approaches works of ethnic literature.Résumé : La thèse qui suit présente une analyse comparée de quatre auteurs québécois et canadiens—Fulvio Caccia, Ying Chen, Wayson Choy et Lawrence Hill—et la façon dont ils sont intervenus face au discours de la race et de l’ethnicité tel qu’il existe à ce moment dans la société et dans les institutions littéraires du Canada et du Québec—et cela à partir d’un emploi de divers genres littéraires. L’introduction de l’étude passe en revue les concepts centraux qui sous-tendent la thèse, à savoir ceux de la ‘littérature ethnique’ (ethnic literature), l’écriture migrante, la race, l’ethnicité, l’hybridité culturelle, la transculture et la littérature comparée. Le texte principal de la thèse comprend deux parties, la première portant sur les écrivains francophones Caccia et Chen, la deuxième sur les écrivains anglophones Choy et Hill. La première partie cherche à rendre compte de comment Caccia et Chen ont recours dans leurs écrits à des procédés littéraires défamiliarisants et ‘illisibles’ tirés du nouveau roman et de la littérature fantastique dans le but de subvertir les lieux communs sur la race et l’ethnicité, avec comme résultat la production d’un espace littéraire qui est à différents degrés universel et déracialisé. La deuxième partie traite de l’emploi que font Choy et Hill de styles littéraires plus traditionnels et lisibles—de nature réaliste et autobiographique—avec l’objectif non pas de rejeter tout court le discours de la race et de l’ethnicité, mais de réinscrire ces dernières notions de telle façon à rendre possible une vue de l’identité plus ouverte. À cet égard, en remettant dans leur contexte social et historique certaines réalités culturelles (ici, sino-canadienne et afro-canadienne respectivement), Choy et Hill arrivent à contester les idées réductives qui dans le passé ont été faites de ces secteurs souvent marginalisés de la société canadienne. En fin de compte, la thèse tente de mettre en lumière la manière dont les quatre auteurs en question participent en quelque sorte à un projet partagé en conséquence de leur opposition au discours dominant de la race et de l’ethnicité, bien que leurs approches stylistiques soient sensiblement différentes. En s’appuyant sur les théories de la lecture, un aspect secondaire de l’étude aborde quelques-uns des problèmes qui peuvent se produire lorsqu’un lectorat de la société majoritaire cherche à lire un texte migrant.
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Knaus, Christopher Bodenheimer. "They are still asking the "What are you?" question : race, racism, and multiracial people in higher education /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7617.
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Notis-McConarty, Colin. ""A Final Solution of the Negro Question": Reconciliation, the New Navy & the End of Reconstruction in America." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109073.
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Thesis advisor: Heather Cox RichardsonThroughout the nineteenth century, southern Democrats had one continual objective: to preserve racial hierarchy in their home region. Direct efforts in the 1870s, though, failed to eliminate the threat that Republicans might renew Reconstruction. So, in the 1880s, white southerners in Congress developed an array of softer, less direct approaches. Their goal was to foster reconciliation with white northerners, undercutting support for Reconstruction and securing white supremacy for the South. With one issue more than any other, they succeeded: expansion of the U.S. Navy. Recognizing that global developments and the decrepit state of the U.S. Navy were increasing concern about national defense, Congressman Hilary Abner Herbert (D-AL) positioned himself to become a champion of naval expansion. A former enslaver with no maritime experience, the Confederate colonel leveraged an appointment as chair of the House Committee on Naval Affairs in 1885. Over the next eight years, Herbert established bipartisan and cross-sectional support for naval legislation in the House and spearheaded the most drastic peacetime military buildup Americans had ever seen. The interests of this “Father of the New Navy,” though, were chiefly sectional. For Herbert, militarization was a means to advancing reconciliation and securing white supremacy for the South. He stated this purpose clearly both in private and public. In 1890, he put it into practice. When Republicans introduced legislation to address voting rights in the South, Herbert wielded his reputation for bipartisanship and reconciliation against it, threatening violence and an end to economic unity. On the national level, Herbert’s use of naval expansion to further reconciliation escalated militarization and paved the way for an overseas U.S. empire. In the South, the Alabamian’s efforts helped open the door for a new system of legalized white supremacy that he celebrated as “a final solution of the negro question.”
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Clarke, Amy. "National lives, local voices : boundaries, hierarchies and possibilities of belonging." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/74249/.
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Gonzalez, Oscar A. "The Central American Question: Nicaraguan Cultural Production and Francisco Goldman's The Ordinary Seaman." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2225.
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This study examines the cultural production and political history of Nicaragua from the 1960s to the early 1990s and interprets Francisco Goldman’s The Ordinary Seaman alongside Central America’s literary boom period, the nation-building project of the revolutionary letrados, and race relations between Nicaragua’s Pacific region and its two autonomous sectors of the Atlantic coast. It is argued that Central American ways of seeing are colored by the interplay between a revolutionary past, the myth of the pure Indio or mestizo, and the erasure of national identity in the US contact zone. Rather than recuperating a Central American identity, it is maintained that exposing the construction of said identity uncovers the hidden blackness and the heterogeneity of the Central American isthmus. Ultimately, the thesis aims at giving visibility to forgotten and ignored Central American narratives, histories, and people, and stresses the significance of studying the region within a literary and black Atlantic perspective.
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REEDY, CRYSTAL A. "Kids! On Race: How teaching the evolutionary story of human skin color can challenge children to question arbitrary categories of race and the myth of white supremacy in grade school." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent155592254864772.
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Benitto, Mohamed. "Les relations raciales en Grande-Bretagne : la communauté arabe de Londres et la question interculturelle (2001-2008)." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA3008.pdf.
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La présente recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre du débat "Community Cohesion" en Grande-Bretagne. Elle explore les entraves à la coexistence intergroupe, en particulier après les attentats de New York 2001 et Londres 2005, à travers l'étude des rapports interculturels entre la minorité visible arabe de Londres et la société majoritaire en Grande-Bretagne. La première partie de la thèse traite les relations historiques arabo-britanniques. La deuxième partie aborde la question identitaire et l'intégration socioculturelle de la communauté arabe dans le nouvel environnement culturel tandis que la dernière partie est consacrée à l'analyse des rapports interculturels entre la minorité arabe et les membres de la société majoritaire britanniqueThis research falls within the scope of debate about 'Community Cohesion' in Britain. It explores hindrances to intergroup coexistence, particularly after the attacks in New York 2001 and London 2005, through the study of intercultural relations between Arab community of London and mainstream society in Britain. The first part deals with British-Arab historical relations. The second part scrutinises the question of identity and sociocultural integration of Arab community in the new cultural environnement whereas the last part is devoted to analysis intercultural relation between Arab minority and members of the British society
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Kelley, William Frank. "Intellectuals and the Eastern question : 'historical-mindedness' and 'kin beyond sea', c. 1875-1880." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fa39dda1-6c64-4ac0-860c-37c0ffdd6ecd.
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The intractable problems posed by the decline of the Ottoman Empire were a defining feature of the nineteenth-century British experience. Events such as the Greek War of Independence (1821-32), the Crimean War (1853-5), and the Bulgarian Agitation (1876-8) were merely prominent denouements in the protracted history of what contemporaries called 'the Eastern Question'. The Eastern Question could be construed in many ways and admitted many answers. But by the 1870s, many Victorians had come to construe the Eastern Question as primarily an historical question. This thesis explores the ways in which Victorian public intellectuals brought 'historical-mindedness' to bear on the Eastern Question. Nineteenth-century historiography, it is suggested, may often be understood as a variety of contemporary political thought. Part One takes the historian E.A. Freeman, one of the Bulgarian Agitation's leaders, as its subject. Studied in depth, Freeman becomes a window onto how nineteenth-century intellectuals could experience and understand the Eastern Question. Part Two turns to the remarkable efflorescence of historical writing elicited by the so-called Eastern Crisis of 1875-80, investigating how historical arguments were invoked not merely in history books but also in newspaper reports, politically-freighted travel writing, and above all in periodical articles, over two-hundred of which are studied here. When Gladstone invoked the authority of 'the historical school of England' to criticise Lord Beaconsfield during this period, he did so advisedly, for historians both lay and professional were remarkably unanimous in their interpretation of events in south-eastern Europe. Drawing on the insights of comparative philology and often sympathetic to Eastern Orthodoxy for reasons of religion, these historians tended to emphasise the Balkan Christians' European identity, situating them within teleological narratives of progress which evoke contemporaneous Whig histories of England.
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Stephan, Lea. "Social policies and racial questions : from the Great Society to Obamacare." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20120/document.
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Cette thèse propose un éclairage inédit sur la stratégie politique employée par le président Barack Obama pour réduire les inégalités raciales ; ceci dans un contexte dominé par le fort ressentiment de la population blanche envers les politiques sociales en général et les mesures dites « raciales » en particulier. La présente analyse s’appuie sur l’exemple spécifique de la réforme de santé Obamacare, fruit d’une stratégie politique soigneusement et prudemment choisie, mais qui a vu le jour au terme d’une bataille houleuse. La réforme fut élaborée dans un contexte d’extrême polarisation partisane en matière de politique sociale et de questions raciales, mais aussi au sujet de l’intervention de l’État. Ayant pour but la création d’une législation significative quoique politiquement acceptable, Obama a opté pour une stratégie politique de neutralité raciale en ciblant toutefois des problèmes spécifiques aux Afro-Américains. Ainsi, cette thèse démontre en quoi cette tactique s’est basée sur des considérations tant de faisabilité politique que d’efficacité afin de répondre aux besoins économiques spécifiques à la population noire. Il s’est également agit d’analyser comment l’administration Obama a réussi, après presque un siècle de tentatives infructueuses, à promulguer une loi mettant en place un système de couverture de santé universelle ; loi que les attaques répétées du Parti républicain ont profondément mutilé. Nous démontrons enfin qu’à l’instar de la non-extension de Medicaid qui a particulièrement nuit à la population noire, la réforme d’Obama, puisque basée sur un système préexistant, a finalement ravivé les problèmes de stratification racialeThis dissertation examines the political strategy used by President Barack Obama to address racial inequalities in a context dominated by a rejection of social policies in general, and race-specific initiatives in particular. This analysis is based on the example of health care reform. The legislation known as Obamacare, passed in 2010, which is composed of two Acts, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, was the result of a careful political strategy and a heated political battle. Obamacare was enacted in a context of strong partisan polarization around issues of social policies, racial inequalities, and the scope of government intervention. To achieve meaningful, yet politically acceptable, legislation, Obama chose a race-neutral, but issue-focused approach. This approach was mainly based on considerations of political feasibility, but also on considerations of efficiency in furthering black economic interests. Thus, this dissertation examines the foundation, application, and outcome of Obama’s political strategy as applied to health care reform. On the one hand, his administration managed to enact comprehensive health care reform after almost a hundred years of frustrated attempts. On the other hand, subsequent Republican attacks maimed the reform. Moreover, as the reform was built on the existing system, previous issues of racial stratification resurfaced. The non-extension of Medicaid was particularly detrimental to African-Americans. Yet, despite its imperfections, Obamacare, by creating for the first time a system of universal health care coverage in the US, has contributed to make public opinion more favorable to a single-payer system, in other words, a fully government-run health care system
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Konde, Patrick. "Ra(ce)ising Questions About School : Analyzing social structures in a Swedish High School." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332976.
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This thesis is based in a Swedish high school and scrutinizes social interaction among students. The material was gathered in semi-structured interviews and observations made outside of classrooms, but inside the school grounds. The study strives to analyze power dynamics that the students adhere to in their social relationships at the school. It uses intersectionality as an analytical tool to understand the gendered and racialized ways in which students understand themselves in the social complex as social beings within a system. Based on three months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted at this Stockholm-region high school during the spring of 2016, this essay also seeks to address the narrow ways in which Swedishness and non-Swedishness are constructed as dichotomous, as well as the power relations attached to acknowledgement of national belonging. Furthermore, the study analyzes ways in which students reinforce and communicate group belonging through attire, body language and speech. The thesis also considers how power dynamics stipulated by homosociality become an important factor in determining agency.
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Mishi, Syden. "The impact of capital flows on real exchange rates in South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007089.
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The neoclassical theory suggests that free flows of external capital should be equilibrating and thereby facilitating smoothening of an economy's consumption or production patterns. South Africa has a very low savings rate, making it highly dependent on capital inflows which create instability and volatility in global markets. A policy dilemma is undoubtedly evident: capital inflows help to cater for the domestic low savings and at the same time the inflows pose instability, a threat on competitiveness and volatility challenges to the same economy due to their impact on exchange rates. The question is: are all forms of capital flows equally destabilizing? Since studies based on South Africa considered only the relationship between aggregate capital flows and real exchange rate, modelling individual components of capital flows could enlighten policy formulation even further. The composition of the flows and their effects on the composition of aggregate demand determine the evolution of real exchange rate response to surges in capital flows. Through co-integration and vector error correction modelling techniques applied to South African data between 1990 and 2010, the study found out that foreign portfolio investment exerts the greatest appreciation effect on the South African real exchange rate, followed by other investment and finally foreign direct investment. Thus the impact of capital flows on real exchange rate in South Africa differs by type of capital. This presents varied policy implications.
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Francisco, Eliana Aparecida. "Política de equidade de gênero e de raça/etnia na empresa Fersol Mairinque/SP: uma experiência em construção 1996/2010." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17542.
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Previous issue date: 2011-10-31This dissertation aims the study of the trajectory of the construction of Fersol s Gender Equality Policy and Race/Ethnicity in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility between 1996-2010, as well as the changes occurred during this period. The guiding question of the research was: What are the meanings, from the perspective of the subjects speeches, of the experience of a Gender Equality Policy and Race/Ethnicity developed by the Company in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility? The hypothesis is that the experience turned out to be a viable alternative to a proposal for Corporate Citizenship and inclusion in the labor market, with advances of limits and possibilities, the prospect of a continuous realization process. The terms of reference were: the issue of gender, ethnicity/race and corporate social responsibility, based on contemporary writers in the areas of Social Sciences and Social Work. The methodology adopted was qualitative research, a case study including literature, documentary and field researches. 08 semistructured interviews were conducted with the following subjects: Fersol s President and employees. The survey results pointed to confirm the primary hypothesis, the meanings analysis revealed the materiality of a Corporate Social Responsibility action, peculiar to the institutional history and the social and political position of Fersol s President with boundaries, advances and contradictions
A presente dissertação tem por objeto de estudo a trajetória da construção da Política de Equidade de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia na Empresa Fersol, na área da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, no período de 1996-2010, bem como das mudanças ocorridas nesse período. A pergunta norteadora da pesquisa foi: Quais os significados, a partir das falas dos sujeitos da pesquisa, da experiência de uma Política de Equidade de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia desenvolvida pela Empresa Fersol, na área da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial? A hipótese formulada é que a experiência da Política de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia desenvolvida pela Fersol, na área da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, expressa ser uma alternativa viável de uma proposta de Empresa Cidadã e de inclusão no mercado de trabalho, com limites e possibilidades de avanços, na perspectiva de um processo contínuo de efetivação. Os conceitos de referência foram: questão de gênero, questão étnico/racial e responsabilidade social empresarial, com base em autores contemporâneos das áreas de Ciências Sociais e de Serviço Social. A metodologia de pesquisa adotada foi a qualitativa, um estudo de caso compreendendo a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Foram realizadas 08 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os sujeitos da pesquisa a saber: o Presidente e os/as funcionários(as). Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram a confirmação da hipótese levantada, na medida em que a análise dos significados desvelou a materialidade de uma ação de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, muito peculiar à história institucional e à postura política e social do Presidente da Fersol, com limites, possibilidades, avanços e contradições
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Oliveira, Janine Neves de. "Os Orfeus da "Aquarela": um estudo sobre a questão racial a partir do batuque afro-brasileiro de Nelson Silva." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2480.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
O presente trabalho visa descrever e analisar o Batuque Afro-Brasileiro de Nelson Silva e seus integrantes, inserindo-os na discussão histórico-antropológica sobre raça e racismo no Brasil. O Batuque Afro-Brasileiro de Nelson Silva é um grupo de canto coral, dança e ritmo, composto por negros e negras da/na cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG, cuja fundação remonta ao ano de 1964. As letras das músicas executadas pelo Batuque referem-se ao período escravista e a situação do negro na sociedade brasileira, compassadas por ritmos, como os lamentos, os sambas de roda, o baião, o maxixe, o maracatu, o maculelê, os jongos, dentre outros. Especificamente, este estudo apresenta uma análise etnográfica do Batuque Afro-Brasileiro de Nelson Silva, buscando refletir e compreender como o grupo, em sua totalidade, e seus integrantes, em suas particularidades, apresentam e se colocam perante a questão racial brasileira, a partir da observação de suas apresentações, histórias, vivências, agenda. Foi possível, assim, chegar a algumas conclusões. Percebe-se que o Batuque, enquanto grupo, representa escravizados, por meio da perfomance artística e das letras de música, narrando períodos da história brasileira. Por sua vez, seus integrantes são, eles próprios, herdeiros do legado do Brasil e de Juiz de Fora, e, consequentemente, dos efeitos advindos da conformação histórica e sociocultural do país e da localidade. Igualmente, nota-se uma ruptura de paradigmas envolvendo os objetivos do grupo, a partir do momento em que sua diretoria desloca-se de pessoas brancas para negros militantes, refletindo os posicionamentos do movimento negro atual e reforçando o compromisso do grupo com a causa negra.
The present work aims to describe and analyze Nelson Silva’s Afro-Brazilian Batuque and its members, by inserting them in the historical-anthropological discussion on race and racism in Brazil. Nelson Silva’s Afro-Brazilian Batuque is a choral, dance and rhythm group, composed by black men and women in the city of Juiz de Fora/MG, whose foundation dates back to 1964. The lyrics performed by the Batuque refer to the slavery period and the afro-brazilians situation in the nacional society, cadenced by rhythms as the moans, the “samba de roda”, the “baião”, the “maxixe”, the “maracatu”, the “maculelê”, the “jongos”, among others. Specifically, this study presents an ethnographic analysis of Nelson Silva’s Afro-Brazilian Batuque, seeking to reflect and understand how the group, in its entirety, and its members, in its particularities, present and stand before the Brazilian racial issue, from the observation of its presentations, stories, experiences, agenda. It was possible, therefore, to reach some conclusions. It is noticed that the Batuque, as a group, represents enslaved, through artistic performance and song lyrics, narrating periods of Brazilian history. In turn, its members are themselves heirs to the Brazilian and the Juizforano legacy, and, consequently, the effects of socio-cultural and historical conformation of the country and its locality. Also, we may notice a break of paradigms involving the group’s goals, as soon as its board changes from white people to black militants, reflection the black movement positions and strengthening the group’s commitment with the black cause.
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Sibanda, Kin. "The impact of real exchange rates on economic growth: a case study of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007129.
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This study examined the impact of real exchange rates on economic growth in South Africa. The study used quarterly time series data for the period of 1994 to 2010. The Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model was used to determine the impact of real exchange on economic growth in South Africa. The explanatory variables in this study were real exchange rates, real interest rates, money supply, trade openness and gross fixed capital formation. Results from this study revealed that real exchange rates, gross fixed capital formation and real interest rates have a positive long run impact on economic growth, while money supply and trade openness have a negative long run impact on economic growth in South Africa. From the regression results, it was noted that undervaluation of the currency significantly hampers growth in the long run, whilst it significantly enhances economic growth in the short run. As such, the policy of depreciating the exchange rates to achieve higher growth rates is only effective in the short run and is not sustainable in the long run. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher recommended that misalignment (overvaluation and undervaluation) of the currency should be avoided at all costs. In addition, the results of the study showed that interest rates also have a significant impact on growth and since interest rates have a bearing on the exchange rate, it was recommended that the current monetary policy in South Africa should be maintained.
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Costa, Hilton. "Horizontes raciais : a idéia de raça no pensamento social brasileiro - 1880-1920." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14074.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar questões ligadas ao pensamento social brasileiro da virada do século XIX para o século XX. Utilizando como fontes textos significativos do período, mais especificamente as principais obras de Sílvio Romero, Raymundo Nina Rodrigues, Euclides da Cunha e Alberto Torres, procurou-se observar a presença da noção de raça e, a partir desta noção central, a análise social naquele momento, perceber a apropriação, a adequação e a utilização de idéias estrangeiras na interpretação do Brasil, ainda destacando a relevância da raça para esse pensamento social brasileiro através de quatro de seus expoentes.The main purpose of this research is study the development of Brazilian’s social ideas in the eve of changing from XIX Century to the XX Century. The documents utilized to do this paper are from the most important works of Sílvio Romero, Raymundo Nina Rodrigues, Euclides da Cunha and Alberto Torres. In this paper we research how these authors worked with the idea of Race, and from this idea, crucial for the Brazilian social studies during the late XIX Century to the beginning of XX Century, perceive the appropriations, the changes, and the use of foreign ideas for the interpretation of the idea of Brazil. Then, will also stress the relevance of the idea of Race for the Brazilian social studies from the late XIX Century to the beginning of XX Century through the four Brazilian thinkers quoted above.
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Nganga, Massengo Arnaud. "Les revendications afro-antillaises à la télévision publique française (1998-2008) : des contentieux postcoloniaux à la re-légitimation d’un modèle d’intégration." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30060.
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A partir d’un corpus télévisé issu des chaînes publiques hertziennes, cette recherche analyse les modalités discursives de traitement télévisuel des contentieux postcoloniaux,- au cœur des mobilisations afro-antillaises articulées autour de trois pôles de luttes (visibilité, discriminations et reconnaissance mémorielle),- réapparus sous la forme d’une nouvelle «Question noire» française durant les années 2000. Il est question plus précisément d’identifier les régimes de monstration de ces mobilisations dont la mise en débat public révèle leur problématisation éristique, à travers un mode d’accès essentiellement polémique à l’agenda médiatique. Ce mode d’admission télévisuel a pour effet l’exhumation en permanence d’un clivage ethno-racial dans les discours publics et médiatiques. En outre, la monstration se déploie à travers le registre d’une mise en scène symbolique de l’opposition entre deux types de figures médiatiques : d’un côté, les Ultra-républicains, dans le rôle des défenseurs autoproclamés de la république et de l’autre, les figures minoritaires engagées dans les actions de contestation de leur statut en son sein. Enfin, cette étude met au jour le déploiement, d’un côté, des procédures discursives de disqualification du minoritaire et de l’autre, celles liées à la re-légitimation du modèle républicain d’intégration dans le processus de prise en charge publique des contentieux postcoloniaux. Cette thèse est structurée autour de deux parties. La première partie s’ouvre sur l’histoire de la présence afro-antillaise en France. Elle met en exergue, dans un premier chapitre, les fondements historiques de la présence noire hexagonale. La deuxième partie concerne notre enquête sur la monstration des revendications afro-antillaises. Charpentée autour de cinq chapitres, cette partie est consacrée à l’analyse des 38 émissions de notre corpus reparties sur une période de dix ans entre 1998 et 2008From a French public channels corpus, this study aims to analize Tv representions of postcolonial contentious issues, in the heart of French Blacks mobilisations which are structured around three mean claims (visibility, discriminations and memory recognition). Describing the will of French Blacks to exist on public sphere, these claims make the historic debate of the “Question noire” reappeared from the 2000s. The research, which intends to question the way in which Afro carribean mobilisations were told and represented on French public television, identifies following major trends. Fisrtly, the television debates analysis underlines an “eristic problematisation” of “Question noire” related issues with essentially polemical media coverage. The result of this type of access to the media agenda is a constant exhumation of an ethnoracial split in media and public discourses. Secondly, Tv coverage analysis reveals a symbolic production of an opposition between two dominant media figures. In one side, the “Ultra-républicains” playing the rôle of self-proclaimed defenders of French republic, and, on the other side, a coalition of minoriy claims defenders. The study, at last, reveals both discourses of disqualification of the minorities, and, discourses of re-legitimation of the French model of integration. This thesis consists of two parts. The first one deals with French Black history. It presents historic reasons of their presence from slavery up to decolonization. The second part explores the representation of postcolonial contentious issues in French public televisions. Structured on five chapters, it proposes a content analysis of our corpus based on 38 broadcasts between 1998 and 2008
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Smith, Isabel P. "Did the Curtailing of the "Stop, Question, and Frisk" Policy Lead to An Increase in New York City's Homicide Rate in 2015?: An Examination of the Relationship Between Stop-and-Frisk and Violent Crime Rates." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/817.
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This thesis is an examination of the relationship between the New York Police Department's "Stop, Question, and Frisk" policy and the city's homicide rates. Using a historical analysis of NYC crime data as well as a cross-city comparison of homicide rates across the United States, I determine whether or not there is a consistent, causal relationship between the policy and the city's violent crime rates.
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Howarth, Grant. "Modelling daily return variations in developing market currencies." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008365.
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This study examines the American Dollar (USD) denominated currency returns of five developing market currencies for the presence of the day-of-the-week effect. Daily data from January 1995 to February 2008 is examined, and is split into two subperiods, SP1 (1995 - 2002) and SP2 (2003 - February 2008). Currency returns are non-normally distributed across the full data set and SP1 , but tend towards normality in SP2. As such non-parametric tests are used to test the equality of the first four moments across days of the week. Tests on the first moment show that two of the currencies do not show any evidence of the day-of-the-week effect. However, evidence of the day-of-the-week effect is found in the other three currencies in SP1, although the effect disappears or weakens significantly in SP2. Little evidence of the day-of-the-week effect is found in tests on the second moment. The hypothesis of equal higher moments across currency returns is rejected for almost all of the weekday pairs for all five currencies in SP1 , but in SP2 the hypothesis of equal higher moments can only be rejected for a single pair of weekdays for one currency. This indicates the disappearance of the day-of-the-week effect across higher moments in SP2. Thus, the study finds that the day-of-the-week effect is present across the first moment and higher moments in the returns to most currencies in SP1 , but has disappeared for all five currencies in SP2.KMBT_363
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Wang, Xiao Wei. "World financial crisis and RMB Internationalization : a false or real historical opportunity?" Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2595547.
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Souzas, Raquel. "Relações raça e gênero em jogo: a questão reprodutiva de mulheres negras e brancas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-28082007-175532/.
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Introdução: No âmbito das discussões de gênero e raça, as desigualdades que marcam a condição da mulher, nem sempre, são contempladas, ao contrário, há uma série de discursos que visam a naturalizar diferenças, forjadas historicamente. Nesse sentido, indagar sobre o significado dessas diferenças, no âmbito da saúde reprodutiva, apresenta-se como problema de investigação. Nesse campo, decisões e arranjos reprodutivos dos indivíduos partem ou resultam em processos de negociação, não só condicionados pela realidade partilhada entre os mesmos, como pelas ações que são modeladas, segundo valores e normas sociais. Estes se caracterizam por um certo dinamismo e possibilidade de transformação e resignificação. Hipótese e objetivo: Partindo da hipótese básica de que, ao lado da reconhecida transversalidade de gênero, amplamente divulgada na literatura especializada, raça/etnia apresenta-se, igualmente, como tal, nas questões reprodutivas, no presente trabalho propõe-se, como objetivo central, analisar a questão da transversalidade de gênero e de raça, buscando reter de que forma tais transversalidades se apresentam no tratamento de problemas inerentes à área da Saúde Reprodutiva como, por exemplo, da prevenção da gravidez e das DSTs/Aids e como as condições de vida a elas se relacionam. Procedimento Metodológico Pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou a técnica de história oral- temática. Foram entrevistadas 36 mulheres, 18 negras e 18 brancas, em três segmentos de escolaridade. Foram utilizados um roteiro temático, com questões abertas sobre saúde reprodutiva, gênero, raça, sexualidade e um formulário semi-estruturado, com questões sócio-demográficas e história reprodutiva. Complementarmente, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, de estudos e documentos significativos para o movimento de mulheres negras, do ponto de vista político, assim como sobre a problemáticada relação racial e saúde, em uma perspectiva sócio-política. Discussão dos resultados: A concepção de liberdade das mulheres negras, de escolaridade superior, grau em que se pressupõe maior autonomia, é mais restrita à vida privada, em razão do racismo que enfrentam na vida pública. Já as mulheres brancas apresentam uma concepção mais ampliada, que inclui a conquista de novos espaços, no âmbito da vida pública. A concepção de casamento para mulheres negras e brancas funda-se em uma concepção de monogamia absoluta, razão pela qual excluem o uso da camisinha. Neste caso, a questão de gênero predomina em relação à raça. Entretanto, a conjugalidade, no sentido moderno do termo, no qual a igualdade de gênero e as negociações são características, apresenta-se como uma construção recente na história de vida de mulheres negras, revelando-se como um campo onde, só recentemente, estas conquistaram espaço. Com relação aos métodos contraceptivos, é possível apontar, a partir de uma caracterização dos sujeitos da pesquisa, que as mulheres negras entrevistadas, nas escolaridades média e fundamental, seguem, quando cotejadas com a literatura especializada, um padrão de uso massificado de métodos contraceptivos, ou seja, referem mais o uso da laqueadura e da pilula, e, no nível superior, referem mais o uso da camisinha. Por outro lado, as mulheres brancas entrevistadas fazem uso diversificado de métodos em todas as escolaridades, destacando-se o que se caracteriza, na maioria dos casos, uma opção por método de controle masculino, como vasectomia e camisinha. Quando abordada a questão da negociação para a prevenção da gravidez e das DST/Aids, observa-se menor autonomia de mulheres negras, de escolaridade média e fundamental, em relação às mulheres brancas e negras, de escolaridade superior. Na medida em que não se observa diferença, nesse processo de negociação, entre mulheres negras e brancas, com escolaridade universitária, a investigação aponta, igualmente, para a questão da diferenciação social. Conclusão Diante dos resultados obtidos, a presente investigação aponta para a riqueza de pesquisas que contemplem as intersecções existentes entre gênero, raça e desigualdade social no contexto da saúde reprodutiva.Introduction: Within discussions of gender and race, the inequalities that characterize the condition of black women are not always discussed. On the contrary, there are several speeches that seek to make differences that have been historically forged look natural. To that respect, to question the meaning that such differences acquire in the domain of reproductive health becomes a relevant matter of investigation. Within this field, the decisions and reproductive arrangements made by individuals come or result from the negotiation processes not only conditioned by the reality they share, but by actions that are shaped according to a set of values and social norms. This set is characterized by a certain dynamism and the possibility of transformation and resignification. Hypothesis and objective: coming from the basic hypothesis that, besides the recognized gender bias widely disseminated by the specialized literature, race/ethnicity is also likewise presented on reproductive issues, the main goal of this work is to analyze the issue of gender and race bias, seeking to keep in mind how such biases are presented on the handling of problems inherent to the area of Reproductive Health like for instance, HIV/STD and pregnancy prevention, and how life conditions are related to them. Methodological procedure: qualitative research using the oral, thematic history technique. The subjects interviewed were 36 women, 18 black and 18 white, from three different educational backgrounds. During the interview process, a thematic list of topics for discussion with open questions about reproductive health, gender, race, sexuality, and a semi-structured form with socio-demographic questions and reproductive history were used. Complementarily, we researched some documents that we consider meaningful from the political point of view for the black womens movement. Discussion of Outcomes: black womens conception of freedom, of those with higher education, when one has supposedly greater autonomy, is more restricted to the private life due to the racism they face in public life. White women, on the other hand, show a broader conception, which includes the conquest of new spaces within public lifes realm. Marriages conception, both for black and white women, is based on a conception of total monogamy, hence their exclusion of using preservatives. In this case, the issue of gender prevails over race. Nonetheless, the connubiality, at the modern meaning of the term, which is characterized by equality of gender and negotiations, indicating to be a recent construction in the history of black women lives, field in which only recently they conquered space. Regarding the birth control methods, it is possible to point out from the characterization of the researchs subjects, that the black women interviewed, from elementary and middle school education background, follow, when compared to the specialized literature, a pattern of massive use of birth control methods, that is, they refer more to the use of tubal ligation and birth control pill, and at the higher education level, refer more to the use of preservatives. On the other hand, the white women interviewed use more diversified birth control methods in all education levels, standing out what is characterized in most cases a choice for a male controlled method such as vasectomy and preservatives. When the issue of the negotiation of HIV/STD and pregnancy prevention is surveyed, one can notice a lower autonomy of black women, with elementary and middle school education background, in comparison to white and black women with higher education background. As this difference is not observed during this process of negotiation among black and white women with higher education background, the investigation points towards the same direction to the issue of social differentiation. Conclusion: from the outcomes obtained, the current investigation indicates the richness of researches that contemplate the existing intersections between gender, race, and social inequalities in the context of reproductive health.
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Silva, Eva Aparecida da. "Professora negra e pratica docente com a questão etnico-racial : a "visão" de ex-alunos." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/251854.
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Orientador: Neusa Maria Mendes de GusmãoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: Este trabalho procurou compreender as visões de ex-alunos, homens e mulheres, negros e não-negros, de diferentes idades e meios sociais, acerca de três professoras negras araraquarenses (Nazaré, Aparecida e Terezinha) e de sua prática docente com a questão étnico-racial. Essas visões foram investigadas a partir da relação que estabelecem com o contexto da situação étnico-racial vigente na sociedade brasileira e, em especial, na escola, no qual elas são construídas e experimentadas. Com as visões de mundo dos ex-alunos fecha-se o círculo da relação discente/docente, já que em trabalho anterior buscou-se entender a postura transformadora e/ou reprodutora assumida por essas mesmas professoras diante do tratamento da mesma questão, tomando-se como referência suas trajetórias de vida (da infância à adultez), em particular as experiências vividas com a discriminação racial como alunas e como profissionais da educação. Da relação estabelecida entre os exalunos e o contexto da situação étnico-racial, bem como entre as professoras e as trajetórias de vida, a partir dos quais constroem as suas visões e representações acerca das relações étnico-raciais vividas na sociedade brasileira e na escola, torna-se possível perceber o processo de construção de mentalidades racistas e, com isso, tentar alternativas de desconstrução desse tipo de mentalidade
Abstract: The present paper aims at comprehending the points of views of ex-students, men and women, black and non black people of various ages and from different social environments, about three black teachers, citizens of Araraquara, and their teaching backgrounds regarding the ethnic-racial matter. These points of views were investigated according to its relationship to the ethnic-racial context existing in the Brazilian society, especially at school, in which they are developed and applied. With the ex-students¿ points of views, the circle of the student/teacher relationship is concluded, considering that in a previous paper it was aimed at understanding the changing and/or reproductive attitude assumed by these three teachers regarding the handling of the same issue, taking into account their course of life (from childhood to maturity), particularly their life experiences with racial discrimination, not only as students, but also as professional teachers. From the established relationship between the ex-students and the ethnic-racial situation, as well as, between black teachers and their courses of life, it becomes possible to understand the process of development of racist mentalities and, with this, trying alternatives of regressing this kind of mentality
Doutorado
Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura
Doutor em Educação
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Jérémie, Gauthier. "Origines contrôlées. La police à l'épreuve de la question minoritaire à Paris et à Berlin. Geprüfte Herkunft. Polizeiliches Handeln gegenüber Minderheiten in Paris und Berlin." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778649.
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À partir d'enquêtes ethnographiques réalisées dans des commissariats de police en région parisienne et à Berlin, nous proposons d'analyser l'articulation entre action policière et question minoritaire, c'est-à-dire la manière par laquelle les policiers définissent et mettent en œuvre des catégories de classement articulées autour de la nationalité, de la culture, de l'origine, de l'apparence ou encore de la religion des personnes qu'ils rencontrent. À travers la réalisation d'entretiens approfondis et l'observation du travail policier au sein de territoires et auprès de populations considérés comme " sensibles " dans deux contextes nationaux, nous avons montré en quoi ces catégories contribuent à cadrer l'action policière et posent problème aux policiers dans la définition de leur identité professionnelle. En adoptant une perspective de sociologie compréhensive et en élargissant ainsi la focale de l'analyse, nous avons inscrit la question du racisme et des discriminations dans l'économie la plus large possible des pratiques et des représentations policières. L'approche comparée a permis de montrer que l'articulation entre action policière et question minoritaire dépend des normes professionnelles, des contextes urbains et sociaux et des politiques institutionnelles dans lesquels elle s'inscrit. Les différences dans le rôle attribué à la police à Berlin et en région parisienne contribuent ainsi à définir les relations entre les policiers de terrain et les populations minoritaires.
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Amaral, Filho Jose Bonifacio de Souza 1953. "A reforma do setor eletrico brasileiro e a questão da modicidade tarifaria." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285825.
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Orientador: Jose Carlos de Souza BragaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma visão geral da reforma e evolução recente do setor elétrico brasileiro e mostra que, não obstante as mudanças já promovidas, alguns problemas não resolvidos e limitações estruturais apontam para dificuldades de suprimento e custos crescentes da energia elétrica. O trabalho mostra que o setor elétrico brasileiro passou por importantes transformações, após a crise financeira vivida pelas concessionárias estatais nos anos 80 e 90: a regulação setorial foi profundamente alterada desde 1993, uma grande parte das empresas estatais foi transferida para controle privado desde 1995, e uma consultoria internacional iniciou em 1996 um trabalho de apoio à re-estruturação setorial e desenho de um novo modelo a ser implementado, o que foi concluído em 1998. Em 2001 a reforma setorial ainda não havia sido completada quando a crise de oferta de eletricidade levou ao racionamento do consumo e à necessidade de revisão do modelo proposto. Em 2003, a nova administração federal reabriu as discussões sobre o modelo e novas mudanças foram implantadas em 2004, visando a segurança do abastecimento e a modicidade tarifária. Entretanto, a nova sistemática de expansão da geração ainda não está satisfatoriamente equacionada, especialmente no segmento livre do mercado, e o segmento regulado poderá ser afetado pela disputa pela energia existente, a par de uma tendência de elevação de preços do novo suprimento de energia
Abstract: This work presents an overview of reform and recent evolution of the Brazilian electric sector and shows that, in spite of the changes that have been already carried out, some problems still remain and structural limitations point to difficulties in supply and growing costs of electricity. The work shows that Brazilian electric sector experienced important changes, after the financial crisis that involved state owned utilities in the 80¿s and beginning of the 90¿s: regulation was deeply modified since 1993, a great number of state owned utilities was privatized since 1995, and international consultants initiated in 1996 a work to support the electric sector restructuring and the design of a new model to be implemented, which was concluded in 1998. In 2001, the reform had not yet been completed when electricity supply crisis irrupted and provoked rationing of consumption and the need to review the proposed model. A new federal administration reopened discussions in 2003 regarding the model and new changes were implemented in 2004, aiming at to secure the expansion of supply combined with tariff moderateness. The new systematic of expansion of electricity supply is not satisfactorily established yet, in special in the ¿free market¿ segment, and the ¿regulated market¿ segment can be affected by the dispute for existing energy, along with a tendency of prices of new supply to increase
Doutorado
Teoria Economica
Doutor em Ciências Econômicas
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Chaves, Wanderson da Silva. "O Brasil e a recriação da questão racial no pós-guerra: um percurso através da história da Fundação Ford." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-22082012-111507/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a constituição de propostas de pesquisas e de narrativas políticas sobre a questão racial no Brasil nas décadas de 1950 e 1960 e, eventualmente, nuançar a emergência nesse debate de uma problemática que se chamará de multicultural. Esta investigação tem convergido, mais especificamente, para a atuação da Fundação Ford nestas décadas, bem como para a observação das redes e conexões intelectuais que se teceram a partir das dinâmicas de enfrentamentos políticos, travados durante a Guerra Fria. O foco da análise e da pesquisa tem sido dirigido para a documentação sobre a Fundação Ford, sobre as políticas governamentais norte-americanas, especialmente as secretas e diplomáticas, e para os materiais relativos à movimentação, e à construção de conexões entre intelectuais, iniciadas na década de 1950 com financiamentos a estudos da questão racial e do Problema Negro.My research builds on the hypothesis that U.S. agencies, such as the Ford Foundation restructured in 1950 to adhere to new international guidelines in the post-war era -, drew up an agenda for investing in the racial issue, directed at intellectuals and academics from several parts of the world. Brazil was one of the regions of the globe covered by this strategy. The general aim of this work is to understand the web of networks and intellectual connections, initiated in the 1950s, and the roles and responsibilities of the Ford Foundation in the 1950s and 1960s in developing these intellectual dynamics. Racism has been an important reason for many geopolitical disputes in the post-war period, and a key question for the black American population, concerning the administration of their social problems. That question has been approached both by private foundations and government bodies but each organization has sought to influence discussion forums with their own agendas. The financial support of the Ford Foundation to intellectuals, universities, area studies, social and political leaders, as well as to national and international organizations, has helped to direct the discussion about race in other directions.
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Cambanda, Francisco Domingos. "A questão étnica como fator de estabilidade do processo político e do desenvolvimento socioeconómico em Angola." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10592.
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Doutoramento em Sociologia Económica e das OrganizaçõesO objetivo desta investigação consistiu em realizar um estudo sobre as reais políticas e ações concretas, bem como as práticas de integração étnica em Angola, com o propósito estratégico da concretização do sonho da construção duma Nação que, em meu entender, deve ser constituída por um único povo e um único país, formado a partir da unidade étnica, cultural e territorial, o que requer de todos angolanos, com destaque para os governantes, uma visão estratégica e um espírito unificador, ao contrário daquilo a que se tem assistido nos últimos tempos e de forma generalizada pelo território nacional, sobretudo depois do fim da guerra civil, terminada em 2002: ações e atitudes de negação, veladas nalguns casos, e noutros casos bem mais visíveis, de povos oriundos de províncias alheias às visadas; mais concretamente, populações que, no caso da província da Huíla, não pertençam ao núcleo étnico Nhaneka-humbe. É preocupante o facto de que, com o fim da guerra civil em Angola, se começou a notar aqui e acolá uma clara exacerbação no seio da sociedade angolana, ocorrendo fenómenos de exclusão etno-tribais, entendidos para efeitos deste trabalho como correspondendo a aproveitamentos por parte de alguns agentes políticos com base étnica, visando alcançarem objetivos diversos: políticos, administrativos, governamentais ou de notoriedade social. Em suma, usando as mesmos métodos a que outrora recorria a autoridade colonial, para alcançarem diversos objetivos estratégicos na sociedade angolana alguns políticos utilizam os procedimentos de “dividir para reinar”, opondo grupos étnicos, elevando ou exaltando uns e subalternizando outros, o que, como é óbvio, tem perturbado de diversas formas o longo caminho que nos conduzirá à plena construção da nação angolana, podendo também interromper o processo de crescimento económico e de normalização política iniciado com o fim da guerra civil em Angola, no ano de 2002.
The purpose of this research is to produce a study on actual policies and concrete actions regarding the ethnical integration in Angola, with the strategic goal of achieving the dream of building one nation, which in my opinion must be made of a single people and a single country, built with the union of the various ethnical, cultural and territorial bases, a task requiring from all Angolans, and mainly those in governance of the country, a strategic vision and a spirit of unification: alas the contrary of what is mostly occurring in our days, all over the national territory, and mostly after the civil war ended in 2002. This was identified in this research as corresponding to various actions and attitudes, sometimes denied but in other cases well visible, of rejection of people arriving from provinces other than the one concerned. Particularly in the case of the Huíla province, the targets of these practices are persons not belonging to the dominant ethnical group, the nhaneka- humbe. We are facing the disturbing fact that, with the end of the civil war, there is a visible, clear exacerbation within the Angolan society of phenomena of ethno-tribal exclusion. This must be understood as usurpation by some ethnically based political agents, allowing them to achieve various political, administrative, governmental objectives, including the obtainment of positions of notoriety. This means that, by using the same methods once utilized by the colonial authorities, in order to achieve certain strategic objectives in Angolan society, some politicians appeal to classical procedures of “divide to reign”, enticing opposition among diverse ethnical groups, by elevating some and diminishing others, a fact that obviously is very much disturbing in the long way leading this people to the construction of one single Angolan nation, and may also interrupt the process of economic growth and the political stabilization, permited by the end of the civil war in 2002.
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Guiraldelli, Reginaldo [UNESP]. "Ser negra na precariedade das relações de trabalho." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98573.
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guiraldelli_r_me_fran.pdf: 1169986 bytes, checksum: 9469805795aabee21cdd9516f322d3e1 (MD5)The present study objectives to excite some reflections about the conditions of life, work and the strategies of survival of the black women who find in the informality in Franca-SP, with emphasis on the domiciliary work. We started of an analysis on the deep alterations occurred in the last decades in the world of the work, that modified the forms to manage and to organize the productive processes in result of new imperatives of the capitalist order. As strategy of exit of the crises, the system itself created measures to give continuity to its ideas, as it occurred with the process of productive reorganization. In the presence of the new arrangements of the productive sector, we verify the growth of the unemployment, degradation of the work conditions by the dismounting of the labor laws long ago conquered and expansion of the informality, characterized for the non-accomplishment of the legislation and absence of social protection. In this horizon, it had an intensification of the under-agreements and of the domiciliary work, produced for the logic of the outsourcing. This is perceivable in the Franca scene, city located in the northeast region of the state of São Paulo and it has as economic power the production of the leather masculine footwear. The accomplishment of the respective research occurs in this locus. The domiciliary work, which does not correspond to any newness in Franca, takes a new dimension with its intensification in the context of the productive reorganization. The shoe industry of Franca starts to adopt the philosophy of reduction of the costs of the work force as strategy to consolidate itself in the capitalist market, resulting in successes for the leather-shoemarker branch and provoking the transference of productive processes, as the manual sewing of the footwear, to domiciliary surrounding it, marked for the precariousness and invisibly work relationships ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Mlambo, Courage. "Effects of exchange rate volatility on the stock market: a case study of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007125.
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This study assessed the effects of currency volatility on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. An evaluation of literature on exchange rate volatility and stock markets was conducted resulting into specification of an empirical model.The Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedascity (1.1) (GARCH) model was used in establishing the relationship between exchange rate volatility and stock market performance. The study employed monthly South African data for the period 2000 – 2010. The data frequency selected ensured an adequate number of observations. A very weak relationship between currency volatility and the stock market was confirmed. The research finding is supported by previous studies. Prime overdraft rate and total mining production were found to have a negative impact on Market capitalisation. Surprisingly, US interest rates were found to have a positive impact on Market capitalisation. This study recommended that, since the South African stock market is not really exposed to the negative effects of currency volatility, government can use exchange rate as a policy tool to attract foreign portfolio investment. The weak relationship between currency volatility and the stock market suggests that the JSE can be marketed as a safe market for foreign investors. However, investors, bankers and portfolio managers still need to be vigilant in regard to the spillovers from the foreign exchange rate into the stock market. Although there is a weak relationship between rand volatility and the stock market in South Africa, this does not necessarily mean that investors and portfolio managers need not monitor the developments between these two variables.
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Minck, Christopher. "Washington et l'Afrique : le rôle de Charles C. Diggs, "Mr Africa" : 1955-1980." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030124.
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Le mouvement initié le 6 mars 1957 par l’indépendance du Ghana de la Grande-Bretagne balaya l’ensemble de l’Afrique australe jusqu’à culminer en 1960 – « année de l’Afrique ». La décolonisation et la résultante émergence d’une troisième voie dans le conflit idéologique entre les Etats-Unis et l’URSS provoqua l’irruption du continent africain sur l’échiquier politique international. Parallèlement, dans le Sud des Etats-Unis, les Noirs luttaient pour obtenir la reconnaissance de leurs droits civiques. Dès lors, les connections entre ce combat et la lutte internationale pour la décolonisation apparurent, échos modernes aux liens déjà tissés plus tôt entre les Afro-Américains et leur continent d’origine. Le changement dans les relations raciales s’accompagna par un regain de conservatisme aussi bien aux Etats-Unis qu’en Afrique subsaharienne. L’élection du républicain Nixon en 1968 faisait écho au maintien de régimes dirigés par la minorité blanche en Afrique du Sud, en Rhodésie et dans l’ensemble de l’Afrique lusophone. C’est dans ce contexte « globalisé », où politiques intérieure et internationale, race et nation commencèrent à fusionner que les relations raciales émergent sur la scène internationale comme enjeu politique. Les Etats-Unis durent faire face à la ségrégation et à la discrimination dans leur propre pays ainsi qu’à la décolonisation à l’étranger. L’émergence des relations raciales en tant qu’enjeu global se posait comme un obstacle aux tentatives américaines de construire une coalition internationale et multiraciale contre le communisme. L’émergence d’un corps politique noir américain à la fin des années 1960 dans ce contexte pose la question des Représentants afro-américains au Congrès et de la politique africaine des Etats-Unis. Se situant dans ce contexte, cette thèse examine le rôle que le Représentant Charles C. Diggs a joué dans les politiques de Washington vis-à-vis de l’Afrique subsaharienne de 1955 à 1980. Représentant démocrate du Michigan, « Mr. Africa » devint le premier Afro-Américain nommé à la Commission des Affaires étrangères de la Chambre basse en 1959. Il présida, sous l’Administration Nixon, la Sous-commission aux Affaires africaines, orchestra la fondation du lobby parlementaire noir, le Congressional Black Caucus, en 1971 et fut l’architecte de TransAfrica – un lobby non-institutionnel visant à sensibiliser les Américains à la situation raciale en Afrique – en 1977. De par sa carrière, ses engagements politiques et sa nature même de Représentant noir, Charles Diggs a incarné une vision transnationaliste des relations raciales. Notre propos vise à analyser le rôle de Diggs dans la reconnaissance nationale de problèmes raciaux globaux à travers sa définition de ces problèmes en des termes transgressant le simple intérêt racialThe movement which began on 6th March 1957 with Ghanaian independence from Great Britain swept through the rest of southern Africa, culminating in 1960, hailed the ‘Year of Africa’. Decolonization and the resultant emergence of a third way in the ideological conflict between the United States and the USSR led to the sudden appearance of the African continent on the international political stage. At the same time, in the southern United States, blacks fought for recognition of their civil rights. From this point on, contemporary resonances of the links already woven by Afro-Americans with their continent of origin allowed the connections of their combat with the international struggle for decolonization to become apparent. Changes in race relations were accompanied by a rise in conservatism as much in the United States as in sub-Saharan Africa. The election of the Republican Nixon in 1968 was mirrored in the preservation of regimes of minority white rule in South Africa, Rhodesia and the whole of Portuguese speaking Africa.It is in this ‘globalised’ context, in which domestic and international politics, race and nation began to fuse that race relations emerged on the international scene as a political issue. The United States had to confront segregation and discrimination in their own country, as well as decolonization abroad. The emergence of race relations as a global issue acted as an obstacle to American efforts to construct a multiracial international coalition against communism. The emergence of a Black American political body at the end of the 1960s raises, within this context, the question of the status of Afro-American Representatives at Congress and the African politics of the United States as a whole. Rooted in such a context, this thesis examines the role that Representative Charles C. Diggs played in Washington politics in relation to sub-Saharan Africa from 1955 to 1980. Democrat Representative for Michigan, Diggs, later to be known as ‘Mr Africa’, became, in 1959, the first Afro-American appointed to the Committee of Foreign Affairs of the lower house. Under the Nixon administration, he presided over the Subcommittee on Africa, orchestrated the foundation of the black parliamentary lobby the Congressional Black Caucus in 1971, and was the architect in 1977 of TransAfrica, a non-institutional lobby aiming to raise American awareness of the racial situation in Africa. Through his career, his political engagements, and the very fact of being a black Representative, Charles Diggs incarnated a transnationalist vision of race relations. Our intention is to analyze Diggs’ role in the national recognition of global racial problems, through the terms he used to define them, terms which exceeded straightforward racial interest
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MAYER, Jorg. "The multiple reserve-currency system : the composition of the demand for foreign-exchange reserves by central banks since the breakdown of the Bretton woods system." Doctoral thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5005.
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"Estimating misalignment of Chinese currency by modified Balassa-Samuelson model." 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896811.
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Wu, Tujin.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [47]-49).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
摘要 --- p.ii
Acknowledgments --- p.iii
Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter II. --- China´ةs Economic Transition and Literature Review --- p.6
Chapter II.1. --- Export-led Strategy and Exchange Rate Evolution --- p.6
Chapter II.2. --- Literature review of exchange rate misalignment --- p.10
Chapter III. --- Theories Background --- p.14
Chapter 1. --- Purchasing Power Parity and Balassa Samuelson Hypothesis --- p.14
Chapter 2. --- Modified Balassa Samuelson Hypothesis --- p.17
Chapter IV. --- Empirical Estimation --- p.21
Chapter 1. --- Cross-Section Estimate --- p.21
Chapter 2. --- Time Series Estimation --- p.25
Chapter 3. --- Policy proposal in the duration of price revaluation --- p.36
Chapter V. --- Summary --- p.44
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Sawyer, Mark Q. "The race question, racial hierarchy and the state in post revolutionary Cuba /." 1999. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9951834.
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Braun, H. Elizabeth. "A question of comfort: Race, whiteness, and the creation of diverse, inclusive, and engaged learning environments." 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3461987.
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Most colleges and universities in the United States today claim that "diversity" is an important institutional value, but it is not always clear what this term means or how "diversity" is actually experienced and understood by students at predominantly white institutions. This ethnographic study examines a predominantly white liberal arts woman's college in New England, applying data from participant observation, semi-structured interviews, autoethnography, and textual data. My research addresses three intersecting areas of inquiry: the experience of students attending a predominantly white institution in relation to issues of race and racial identity, institutional practices related to race, "diversity," and "culture," and examples of "white cultural practices" within the institution. The study found that institutional discourse promotes an ideology that marks "students of color" as "other" and the embodiment of "diversity" and creates a dynamic where white students are placed in the role of cultural tourists. Throughout the college community the invisibility and silences surrounding whiteness reinforced an ideology of white privilege. The analysis focuses on four central themes or narratives that circulate through a predominantly white campus. The first theme is the articulation of "diversity" and the "diverse community" specifically through the lens of the college admissions process. The next theme is "culture" as understood through an examination of institutional sites where "culture" is named and deployed on campus such as student cultural organizations. The third looks at the invisibility of whiteness and "white culture." The final theme considers what happens on a predominantly white campus when there is a high profile racial conflict, or "racial incident." The conclusion provides specific recommendations and interventions for the broader higher education community related to "re-framing" the "diverse community" and shifting towards the creation of "diverse, inclusive, and engaged learning environments." Possible interventions include integrating the academic mission of the college more closely with the goals of diversity and inclusion; providing more opportunities for white students to think critically about race and their own racial identity; and an increasing emphasis on the intersections and complexity of identity rather than a reliance on monolithic categories such as "students of color."
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Spence, Lynette. "Routes to roots exploring questions of race, identies and knowing with "Black" young women /." 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ56205.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Ed.)--York University, 1999. Graduate Programme in Education.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-93). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ56205.
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Mukherjee, Eric S. "How Far from Jerusalem? Tropical Customs and the Question of Race in the Book of John Mandeville." Thesis, 2014. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/8487/1/ESM_ThesisSubmission_v2.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The Book of John Mandeville, while ostensibly a pilgrimage guide documenting an English knight’s journey into the East, is an ideal text in which to study the developing concept of race in the European Middle Ages. The Mandeville-author’s sense of place and morality are inextricably linked to each other: Jerusalem is the center of his world, which necessarily forces Africa and Asia to occupy the spiritual periphery. Most inhabitants of Mandeville’s landscapes are not monsters in the physical sense, but at once startlingly human and irreconcilably alien in their customs. Their religious heresies, disordered sexual appetites, and monstrous acts of cannibalism label them as fallen state of the European Christian self. Mandeville’s monstrosities lie not in the fantastical, but the disturbingly familiar, coupling recognizable humans with a miscarriage of natural law. In using real people to illustrate the moral degeneracy of the tropics, Mandeville’s ethnography helps shed light on the missing link between medieval monsters and modern race theory.
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Howes, Hilary Susan. "The race question in Oceania : A. B. Meyer and Otto Finsch between metropolitan theory and field experience, 1865-1914." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151252.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the written, visual and material records produced by two late nineteenth-century German traveller-naturalists in Oceania, Adolf Bernhard Meyer (1840-1911) and Otto Finsch (1839-1917). I probe these records for traces of Indigenous agency and discuss the impacts of their authors' personal encounters with actual Oceanian people on their understandings of human difference, locating this discussion within the context of racial science in late nineteenth-century Europe and the complex relationship between field experience and metropolitan publication and reception. By identifying countersigns of Indigenous agency embedded in Meyer's and Finsch' s representations of their experiences in Oceania, I trace the ways in which these experiences informed their contributions to broader debates in the European metropoles: the unity or plurality of the human species, the breadth of variation within supposedly homogeneous 'races' and the extent of overlap between them, the importance of field experience in the human sciences, the standardisation and mobilisation of travellers' observations for metropolitan audiences, and the relative worth of physical, cultural and linguistic data for taxonomic purposes.
I interrogate the processes by which racial knowledge about Oceania's inhabitants was produced from the 'raw material' of encounters, the various forms in which this knowledge was embodied - scientific monographs and journal articles, public lectures, sketches, photographs, plaster casts (moulages) of human faces, collections of cranial and skeletal materials -and the extent to which field experience was permitted to confront or contradict metropolitan theories of race. I show that Meyer and Finsch experienced profound transformations in their beliefs about human difference, with respect both to manners and customs and to physical features, as a result of their encounters with actual people in Oceania.
I conclude, however, that their ability to communicate these changes to influential colleagues in the metropole was limited by a rigid professional vocabulary, essentialist tools and technologies, and an epistemologically and ideologically unreceptive audience.
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"Examining the Potential for Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Use of Force During NYPD Stop and Frisk Activities." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.34765.
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abstract: Since the 1990s, stop and frisk activities have been a cornerstone of the New York Police Department (NYPD). The manner in which the NYPD has carried out stop, question, and frisks (SQFs), however, has been a focal point of discussion, resulting in public outrage and two major lawsuits. Recently, the Federal District Court Judge ruled that the NYPD was engaging in unconstitutional stop-and-frisk practices that targeted predominately Black and Latino New Yorkers. Questions surrounding the NYPD’s SQF practices have almost exclusively focused on racial and ethnic disproportionality in the rate of stops without necessarily considering what transpired during the stop. This study will fill that void by examining the prevalence and nature of use of force during those stops, along with testing the minority threat hypothesis. By combining micro-level measures from the NYPD’s 2012 “Stop, Question, and Frisk” database with macro-level variables collected from the United States Census Bureau, the current study examines police use of force in the context of SQF activities. The results should help judges, policy makers, police officers, and scholars understand the nature of police use of force in the context of SQFs.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Criminology and Criminal Justice 2015
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Scarpino, Samuel Vincent. "Applying mathematical and statistical methods to the investigation of complex biological questions." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25994.
Full textAbstract:
The research presented in this dissertation integrates data and theory to examine three important topics in biology. In the first chapter, I investigate genetic variation at two loci involved in a genetic incompatibility in the genus Xiphophorus. In this genus, hybrids develop a fatal melanoma due to the interaction of an oncogene and its repressor. Using the genetic variation data from each locus, I fit evolutionary models to test for coevolution between the oncogene and the repressor. The results of this study suggest that the evolutionary trajectory of a microsatellite element in the proximal promoter of the repressor locus is affected by the presence of the oncogene. This study significantly advances our understanding of how loci involved in both a genetic incompatibility and a genetically determined cancer evolve. Chapter two addresses the role polyploidy, or whole genome duplication, has played in generating flowering plant diversity. The question of whether polyploidy events facilitate diversification has received considerable attention among plant and evolutionary biologists. To address this question, I estimated the speciation and genome duplication rates for 60 genera of flowering plants. The results suggest that diploids, as opposed to polyploids, generate more species diversity. This study represents the broadest comparative analysis to date of the effect of polyploidy on flowering plant diversity. In the final chapter, I develop a computational method for designing disease surveillance networks. The method is a data-driven, geographic optimization of surveillance sites. Networks constructed using this method are predicted to significantly outperform existing networks, in terms of information quality, efficiency, and robustness. This work involved the coordinated efforts of researchers in biology, epidemiology, and operations research with public health decision makers. Together, the results of this dissertation demonstrate the utility of applying quantitative theory and statistical methods to data in order to address complex, biological processes.text