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Journal articles on the topic 'Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Lagarkov, Andrey Nikolayevich, Vladimir Nikolayevich Kisel, and Vladimir Nikolayevich Semenenko. "Radar Absorbing Materials Based on Metamaterials." Advances in Science and Technology 75 (October 2010): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.75.215.

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The use of metamaterial for design of radar absorbing material (RAM) is discussed. The typical features of the frequency dependencies of , , ,  of composites manufactured of different types of resonant inclusions are given as an example. The RAM characteristics obtained by the use of the composites are given. It is shown that it is possible to use for RAM design the metamaterials with both the positive values of ,  and negative ones. Making use of the frequency band with negative  and  it is possible to create a RAM with low reflection coefficient in a wide range of the angles of

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2

Ramya, K. "Radar Absorbing Material (RAM)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.450.

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This paper briefly outlines the research and development activities in radar absorbing materials. Military defense scientists to the possibility of using coating materials to render aircraft or other military vehicles less visible to radar and, preferably, to control such visibility. The highly conducting surface of a metal vehicle is an excellent reflector of radar, but an absorbing layer would suppress the radar signal at the receiver station. Radar absorbing material currently in military and commercial use are typically composed of high concentrations of iron powders in a polymer matrix. T

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3

He, Song, Jun Hu, Jinsong Chen, and Qiushi Xi. "Study on the relationship between reflectivity and thickness of radar-absorbing material." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2808, no. 1 (2024): 012084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2808/1/012084.

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Abstract Radar-absorbing materials (RAM) have been widely used in civilian areas for electromagnetic interference shielding and in the defense sector for radar wave stealth. The thickness of radar-absorbing materials is one of the important parameters affecting their performance. This paper analyzes the relationship between the absorbing performance of radar-absorbing materials and thickness based on transmission line theory. Through theoretical derivation and simulation verification, the concepts of optimal usage thickness and cutoff thickness of materials are derived. The research results ha

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4

Aytaç, Ayhan, Hüseyin İpek, Kadir Aztekin, and Burak Çanakçı. "A review of the radar absorber material and structures." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 198, no. 4 (2020): 931–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6064.

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The development of technologies that can rival the devices used by other countries in the defense industry, and more importantly, can disable their devices is becoming more critical. Radar absorber materials (RAM) make the detection of the material on the radar difficult because of absorbing a part of the electromagnetic wave sent by the radar. Considering that radar is one of the most important technologies used in the defense industry, the production of non-radar materials is vital for all countries in the world. Covering a gun platform with radar absorber material reduces the radar-cross-se

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5

Y. Al Jubory, Ammar. "Microwave Absorbing Characteristics Study of Three Layers Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM)." Rafidain Journal of Science 20, no. 2 (2009): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2009.40230.

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6

Krishna, K. Murali, Amit Jain, Hardeep Singh Kang, Mithra Venkatesan, Anurag Shrivastava, and Sitesh Kumar Singh. "Development of the Broadband Multilayer Absorption Materials with Genetic Algorithm up to 8 GHz Frequency." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (February 17, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4400412.

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A widely used genetic algorithm (GA) is endorsed to improve the design of a multilayer microwave radar absorbing material (MMRAM) which shows good absorption of radar waves over a broad frequency range. In this research, the authors have used genetic algorithm based on MMRAM which plays an important role in defense and civil applications. The scope of multilayer microwave radar absorbing material (MMRAM) is that it can absorb radar signals and reduce or eliminate their reflection. Its primary use is in defense and certain commercial enterprises. The multilayer RAM design demands the superiorit

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7

Teber, Ahmet, Ibrahim Unver, Huseyin Kavas, Bekir Aktas, and Rajeev Bansal. "Knitted radar absorbing materials (RAM) based on nickel–cobalt magnetic materials." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 406 (May 2016): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.12.056.

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8

Fahri, Mirad, Patricya Inggrid Wilhelmina Bolilanga, Gunaryo Gunaryo, Elva Stiawan, and Tedi Kurniadi. "Exploring the Potential of Carbon-based Radar Absorbing Material Innovations." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies 3, no. 2 (2024): 72–81. https://doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v3i2.56.

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This review explored the potential of carbon-based radar-absorbing materials (RAM), which had gained significant attention due to their superior properties and performance. In response to the growing demand for stealth technology in the military and civilian sectors, traditional radar-absorbing materials encountered limitations: weight, cost, and effectiveness. Carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and various composites, offered lightweight, flexible, and tunable solutions that enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption across a wide frequency range. This paper examined th

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9

Chen, Xin, Xiang Xuan Liu, Xuan Jun Wang, and Yuan Liu. "Optimized Design for Multi-Layer Absorbing Materials Based on Genetic Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 681 (April 2013): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.681.324.

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In order to synthesize the multi-layer radar absorbing materials (RAM) with a thin thickness and wide bandwidth, accelerating genetic algorithm (GA) with constraints and elitist strategy is employed to design the multi-layer RAM satisfied by a special value of reflection loss to electromagnetic wave. Given predefined available materials with frequency-dependent permittivity and permeability, the GA technique determines the optimal material choice for each layer and its thickness. The algorithm was successfully applied to the synthesis of double-layer to four-layers RAM coatings in the frequenc

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10

APOSTOLESCU, ELISA, and MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU. "Current Trends in The Radar Absorbing Materials." Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iași, Secția Chimie și Inginerie Chimică 69, no. 1 (2023): 57–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7767050.

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The study of materials with properties of reducing or blocking electromagnetic radiation used in RADAR detection has gained momentum in recent years, especially after the discovery of graphene and metamaterials. The paper aims to present the main absorbing radar materials, the classic ones based on metal or carbon particles but also the recently discovered ones, based on complex mixtures of materials with good electrical, magnetic and thermal properties with dielectric materials.

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11

Kostishin, Vladimir G., Igor M. Isaev, and Dmitrij V. Salogub. "Radio-Absorbing Magnetic Polymer Composites Based on Spinel Ferrites: A Review." Polymers 16, no. 7 (2024): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16071003.

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Ferrite-containing polymer composites are of great interest for the development of radar-absorbing and -shielding materials (RAMs and RSMs). The main objective of RAM and RSM development is to achieve a combination of efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption methods with advantageous technological and mechanical properties as well as acceptable weight and dimensions in the final product. This work deals with composite RAMs and RSMs containing spinel-structured ferrites. These materials are chosen since they can act as efficient RAMs in the form of ceramic plates and as fillers for radar

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12

Muratov, D. G., L. V. Kozhitov, A. V. Popkova, E. Yu Korovin, E. V. Yakushko, and M. R. Bakirov. "Study of the radar absorption of metal-carbon nanocomposites (review)." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 89, no. 1 (2023): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-1-35-45.

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Development of the technology for the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles of metals and alloys has opened up the possibility of their use in the field of radar-absorbing materials (RAM). The results of studying the properties of nanocomposites, method for the synthesis of metal-carbon nanocomposites by pyrolysis using infrared heating are reviewed. The magnetic, electromagnetic, and radar-absorbing properties of the obtained nanocomposites depending on the synthesis temperature and metal concentration were studied. It is shown that the chosen metals, alloys (FeCo) and carbon material are effec

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13

Elza Ully Tiara Tampubolon, Bagus Kusuma, and Sovian Aritonang. "Studi Komparasi Bahan Barium Ferrite Magnet Dan Pani/Fe₃O₄, Sebagai Radar Absorbing Material (RAM)." Mars : Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Industri, Elektro Dan Ilmu Komputer 3, no. 1 (2025): 250–59. https://doi.org/10.61132/mars.v3i1.717.

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This research examines the effectiveness of Barium Ferrite and PANI/Fe₃O₄ composite as Radar Absorbing Material (RAM) to reduce radar detection. Barium Ferrite has high absorption at high frequencies as well as good thermal stability, making it suitable for applications under extreme and long-term conditions. In contrast, PANI/Fe₃O₄ composites exhibit high flexibility, the ability to absorb waves over a wider frequency range, as well as light weight, ideal for requirements with lightweight materials, such as aircraft. The analysis shows that the selection of RAM depends on the application requ

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14

Zainuri, Mochamad, and Dina Andryani. "Characterization of BaM and PaNi-Based Radar Absorbency (RAM) Behavior with Multilayer Geometry Structure for X-Band Absorption." Materials Science Forum 966 (August 2019): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.966.54.

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Behavioral characterization of radar absorbent material consisting of Polyaniline (PaNi) and Barium M-Hexaferrite (BaM) has been successfully synthesized by solid state method. Polyaniline conductive material was synthesized using the polymerization method with DBSA dopant. A Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) is characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Four Point Probe (FPP), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The ion Zn 2+ is dopping into the BAM structure, where Zn 2+ ions replace Fe2+ ions in Hexa

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15

Zainuri, Mochamad, Triwikantoro, and Dimas Ayu Primadani. "Absorption Electromagnetic Waves in X-Band Range Using Barium M-Hexaferrite Dopping Zn Ions and Polyaniline Conductive with Variation of Thickness Coating." Key Engineering Materials 860 (August 2020): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.860.260.

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Since the discovery of hexagonal ferrite or known as hexaferrites, research into the development of these materials related to commercial fields and technology has been very rapid. The use of hexaferite as a magnetic material that can be mass produced has a wide application field. Therefore, the magnetic properties of hexaferrites should be adjusted to meet these applications requirements. In this respect, cation substitution is one of the most effective ways to obtain a suitable material. Double layer coating design with variations in thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm on Radar Absorbent

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16

Sivakoti, Kavya Kumari, Mamatha Basava, Rao Venkata Balaga, and Balarama Murty Sannidhi. "Design Optimization of Radar Absorbing Materials Using Particle Swarm Optimization." International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 8, no. 4 (2017): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamc.2017100107.

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Microwave absorbers have numerous applications in the modern-day military and civil industries. This paper presents the performance of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain optimal designs for multilayer microwave absorber over different frequency ranges. The goal of this optimization is to make decision about number of layers, selection of suitable combination of materials from a predefined database, thereby minimizing the overall reflection coefficient and designing a low weight electromagnetic absorber, which absorbs the maximum amount of incident electromagnetic energy.

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17

Riapolov, I., S. Nechitaylo, and Ye Riapolov. "REDUCTION OF RADAR VISIBILITY OF SIMPLE-SHAPED OBJECTS THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF RADAR-ABSORBING MATERIAL ON A LIMITED SURFACE AREA." Випробування та сертифікація, no. 2(8) (June 30, 2025): 113–19. https://doi.org/10.37701/ts.08.2025.12.

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Reducing the radar visibility of radar objects with complex geometries is a critical factor in enhancing the tactical advantage, operational security, and overall survivability of modern military platforms operating in contested electromagnetic environments. In current and future conflict scenarios, stealth capabilities significantly influence the probability of mission success by limiting the detection range and tracking accuracy of enemy radar systems. This paper investigates practical and computational approaches to decreasing the radar cross-section of simplified geometric models as a foun

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18

Thomas, Paulbert, Libimol V. Abdulhakim, Neeraj K. Pushkaran, and Aanandan C. Karuvandi. "Wideband Radar Absorbing Structure Using Polyaniline-Graphene Nanocomposite." C 6, no. 4 (2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c6040072.

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A wideband non-resonant absorber is proposed, and its radar cross section (RCS) reduction is investigated. A discussion on the functional materials available is followed by the design of an absorber on a Plexiglas substrate with polyaniline-graphene nanocomposite as layered square inclusions with thicknesses and conductivities scaled to golden ratio. The measured dielectric properties of polyaniline-graphene nanocomposites are used in the fullwave simulation. The design parameters have been identified and optimized using CST Microwave Studio. As designed structure is fabricated and the reflect

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19

Ayan, Muhammet Çağrı, Serap Kiriş, Ahmet Yapici, et al. "Investigation of cotton fabric composites as a natural radar-absorbing material." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 8 (2020): 1275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-01-2020-0018.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate cotton fabric behavior that is exposed to radar waves between selected operation frequencies as an alternative radar-absorbing material (RAM) response. Cotton fabric biocomposite materials were compared with carbon fabric composite materials, which are good absorbers, in terms of mechanical and electromagnetic (EM) properties for that purpose. Design/methodology/approach The laminated composite plates were manufactured by using a vacuum infusion process. The EM tests were experimentally performed with a vector network analyzer to measure refl

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20

Richa, Priscila, Roberto Costa Lima, Ana Paula Santiago de Falco, Ana Paula da Silva, Elvia Leal, and Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo Costa. "Microwave Absorbing Properties of NiZnCu Ferrite and Polychloropren Composites." Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5028/jatm.etmq.85.

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Radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) have been used in military applications for several decades to reduce radar detection of vessels and aircrafts. In the present work, the performance of Ni0.35Zn0.35Cu0.3Fe2O4 ferrite as a RAM is investigated. The ferrite was firstly synthesized by combustion reaction and then calcinated at 1200 °C for 1 h. Composites were prepared with 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40 concentrations in weight of ferrite:polychloroprene. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a single phase ferrite formation and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the composites showed

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Yang, Zhaoning, Lu Gao, Wei Ren, et al. "Study on Electromagnetic Performance of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 Ceramic with Metal Periodic Structure at X-Band." Materials 15, no. 22 (2022): 8147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228147.

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A radar absorbing material (RAM) is designed by combining the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic and the metal periodic structure. The phase constitution and the microscopic morphology of the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic are examined, respectively. The electrical properties and magnetic properties of the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic are also measured at the temperature range of 25~500 °C. Based on the experimental and simulation results, the changes in the reflection loss along with the structure parameters of RAM are analyzed at 500 °C. The analytical results show that the absorption property of th

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22

Anuradha, Sathyamurthy, and Jyothi Balakrishnan. "RESONANCE BASED DISCRIMINATION OF STEALTH TARGETS COATED WITH RADAR ABSORBING MATERIAL (RAM)." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 99 (2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm20101001.

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23

Hardiawan, Haeder Sazli, Lalu Saefullah, and Vito Hanif Addinuri. "Otomotif Kendaraan Tempur POTENSI DARI STRUKTUR DAN MORFOLOGI NANOKOMPOSIT Fe3O4 DOPING Mn DAN rGO SEBAGAI COATING ANTI RADAR." Jurnal Otoranpur 3, Mei (2022): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54317/oto.v3imei.238.

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Penelitian Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) dalam beberapa tahun terakhir pada bidang militer dilakukan secara intensif. Pemilihan material pembuatan RAM memiliki peran sangat penting untuk menghasilkan kinerja yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh komposisi Mn terhadap sturktur kristal, morfologi komposit nano Fe3O4 / rGO Doping Mn, dan potensinya sebagai coating Nanokomposit Fe3O4 / rGO Doping Mn berhasil disintesis dengan metode kopresipitasi. Sampel dikarakterisasi XRD, FTIR dan SEM-EDX untuk mengetahui struktur dan fase, morfologi dari nanokomposit setelah dilakukan d

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Liu, Yuan, Jie Lai, and Yun Liu. "Preparation, Characterization, and Microwave Absorption Properties of Cobalt-Doped SrFe12O19 Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 6 (2021): 998–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.3042.

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Ferrite is the major absorbing components of conventional radar absorbing materials (RAM). However, conventional RAM made of the single-absorbing components cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of “thin, wide, light, and strong.” To overcome this limitation, a composite compound of cobalt-doped SrFe12O19 nanoparticles is currently exploited to improve absorbing ability. SrFe12−xCoxO19 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) composite ferrites were prepared using the sol-gel method. Results show that the powders obtained are pure lead-magnetite ferrite, and the properties of the samples are

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Nadiyyah, Khoirotun, Dwi Wahyu Hardiyanto, Dwi Irma Aprilia, Rizky Firmansyah, Nurul Amaliya Triyuliana, and M. Zainuri. "ANALYSIS OF ACTIVATED CARBON (PETUNG BAMBOO)/LATEX COMPOSITE AS X-BAND WAVE-ABSORBING MATERIAL." JOURNAL ONLINE OF PHYSICS 8, no. 2 (2023): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jop.v8i2.23851.

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In maintaining the sovereignty of a country, especially in border regions was needed defense tools that had the latest technology, such as stealth technology. Stealth technology was applied to military ships or aircraft so that they could not be detected by Radio Detection and Ranging. Stealth technology in this research was realized by coating the ship's or aircraft's body using RAM (Radar Absorbing Material). RAM could be composed of dielectric materials, such as activated carbon. The activated carbon was synthesized from Dendrocalamus Asper. This research aimed to analyze the proper of comp

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Sharma, M. L. "Radar vs. Stealth: A Critical Analysis of Evasion and Detection Technologies in Contemporary Warfare." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 4461–68. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.69234.

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The ongoing technological competition between stealth and radar systems represents one of the most innovative fields in modern military science. Stealth technology is designed to reduce an object's radar detectability and other surveillance systems, mostly by modifying radar cross-section (RCS) through architectural design, radar-absorbent materials (RAM), and electronic countermeasures. Radar systems, on the other hand, are continuously evolving, developing complex techniques to detect and track stealth platforms. These technologies include low-frequency radar, bistatic and multistatic radar

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Kailas K. Sawant, Bhavana Shanmughan, K. Balasubramanian, and A.A. Bazil Raj. "Data Analysis of Polyethylene Base RAM for Small Vehicle’s low Signature’s Applications." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 4 (2023): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i04.017.

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The signature of radar target is an important aspect in military war. The demands for low signature targets have been increased to achieve the ‘critical mission successes’ in defence. Worldwide scientists and engineers are incessant working on it. This paper presents the data analysis of radar absorbing material (RAM) suitable for attaining of low signature applications for small air vehicles such as sUAV, μUAV, drones, hexcopter, spy birds etc. In this paper, the polyethylene (PE) and their composites characteristics and data analysis are presented, for applications in small air vehicles to a

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Amalia, Gita Resty, Andri Hardiansyah, Anselmo Bima Rasendriya, Ismail Rahmadtullah, Andi Setiono, and Riri Murniati. "Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide/Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanocomposites via Planetary Ball Milling for Military Radar Absorbing Materials." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies 4, no. 1 (2025): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v4i1.67.

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Stealth technology is widely used in the military field to avoid enemy detection. Consequently, there has been a significant surge in research related to radar-absorbing materials (RAMs). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are promising materials for developing RAMs. Combining TiO2 as a semiconductor with GNPs as a conductive material could increase the ability to absorb microwaves through a more effective energy dissipation mechanism. In our study, TiO2 and GNPs were fabricated using the planetary ball milling method. The structure and morphology of the resulting nanoco

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Zainuri, Mochamad, Rahma Fitri Puspitasari, Deril Ristiani, and Triwikantoro. "The Effects of Layer Thickness of Radar Absorbing Materials Prepared by Double Layer Method on X-Band Wavelength Frequency." Materials Science Forum 966 (August 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.966.35.

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Double layer coating with variations in layer thickness on radar absorbent material (RAM), and Polyaniline dobed by DBSA as a dielectric material has been successfully synthesized. As well as Barium M-Hexaferrite doped by Zn2+ at x=0.9 as magnetic material successfully synthesized. Polyaniline has been synthesized by polymerization method and Barium M-Hexaferrite has been synthesized by solid state method. Characterization results obtained the conductivity of Polyaniline and Barium M-Hexaferrite respectively 4.4 × 10-1 S/m and 2.09 × 10-3 S/m, both of which are in range of semiconductor materi

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Bolilanga, Patricya Inggrid Wilhelmina, Rahmat Basuki, Yusuf Bramastya Apriliyanto, et al. "Immobilization of Cerium(IV) Oxide onto Reduced Graphene Oxide in Epoxy Resin Matrix as Radar Absorbing Composite for X-band Region." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 24, no. 6 (2024): 1688. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.94404.

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The rGO/CeO2/epoxy composite has been successfully prepared as radar absorbing material (RAM) for the X-band (8–12 GHz) region. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) originated from pencil graphite oxide (GiO) was synthesized through the modified Hummer method. The synthesis of rGO/CeO2/epoxy was conducted by immobilization of cerium(IV) oxide into rGO (rGO/CeO2) via hydrothermal method and followed by composited the rGO/CeO2 with epoxy resin matrix. Morphological analysis by SEM-EDX indicates that the rGO/CeO2 structure appears to be a tangled layer of edges randomly aggregated, and CeO2 is unifor

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BHATTACHARYYA, AMITAVA, and MANGALA JOSHI. "CO-DEPOSITION OF IRON AND NICKEL ON NANOGRAPHITE FOR MICROWAVE ABSORPTION THROUGH FLUIDIZED BED ELECTROLYSIS." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 04n05 (2011): 1125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11009490.

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Conventional radar absorbent materials (RAM) such as iron ball (carbonyl iron) and carbon black prove less effective against modern homing devices specially those which operate at low frequency microwaves. Hybrid nanoparticles based on ferrite are found to be more suitable for such applications. Iron (Fe) coated carbon nanoparticles can also be successfully used for conducting, sensing and electromagnetic shielding or radar absorbent applications. Among the carbon nanoparticles, nanographite has its potential for such applications because of its conductivity, nanomagnetism and layered structur

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Kunrath, Kamila, Eduardo Fischer Kerche, Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende, and Sandro Campos Amico. "Mechanical, electrical, and electromagnetic properties of hybrid graphene/glass fiber/epoxy composite." Polymers and Polymer Composites 27, no. 5 (2019): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967391119828559.

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This study presents the development of a novel three-component composite based on glass fiber/epoxy resin/graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) aiming to obtain radar absorbing material (RAM). The composite was produced by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding and characterized under tensile and flexural testing, reflectivity, and electrical conductivity analyses. The mechanical properties were not significantly affected by the incorporation of GNP nanofiller. However, electrical conductivity of the three-component composites increased sharply and the percolation threshold was reached with around 3 w

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علي يسر, هاشم, رسل يوسف ثامر, and حسن عبد ياسر. "Study of the magnetic and electrical properties of pinal ferrite type using network analyzer." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 6, no. 1 (2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v6i1.131.

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In this work, the spinal ferrite has been prepared where , used. as radar absorbing materials (RAM). Conventional ceramic techniques method was used to prepare these materials at microwaves with the range of frequencies (8-12) GHz. The absorption for microwaves was examined by the utilized the network analyzer. The relationship between reflectivity, absorption and attenuation coefficient were plotted as a function of frequency, and sintered at a temperature . The results showed the emergence of several resonance peaks at , samples showed high Absorbency in contrast low reflectivity and high va

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Rubeziene, Vitalija, Julija Baltusnikaite-Guzaitiene, Ausra Abraitiene, et al. "Development and Investigation of PEDOT:PSS Composition Coated Fabrics Intended for Microwave Shielding and Absorption." Polymers 13, no. 8 (2021): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081191.

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This study presents the investigation of the electromagnetic properties and resistance performance of electrically conductive fabrics coated with composition containing the conjugated polymer system poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The developed fabrics were intended for electromagnetic radiation (EMR) shielding in microwave range and for absorbing microwaves in radar operating range, so as to act as radar absorbing materials (RAM). The measurements of reflection and transmission of the developed fabrics were performed in a frequency range of 2–18 GHz, which

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Gean, Vitor Salmoria, Silva Loise, and Acácio Paggi Rodrigo. "Evaluation of Electrical, Mechanical and Wear Behavior of Laminated Epoxy/Carbon Fiber Composite with Different Fillers." International Journal of Engineering Research & Science 8, no. 4 (2022): 01–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6503707.

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<strong>Abstract</strong><strong>—</strong> Epoxy resin reinforced with carbon fibers are widely used in applications where requirements of lightness and high mechanical strength are needed. Composites containing fillers with different properties can improve important characteristics of components. In aerospace applications, the use of low removal rate due to the impact of suspense particles must be satisfied in order to reduce maintenance costs of components. Since carbon fibers have low electrical resistivity and are in the range of semiconductors, these composites can be used as radar

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Minseok, Han, Ryu Jaekwan, and Hong Soonkook. "A Study on the Radar Cross Section Prediction and Reduction for Unmanned Surface Vehicles." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 8, no. 4 (2021): 90–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10580493.

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<strong>Abstract </strong>We introduce the analysis of recent research trends on the prediction and reduction method of RCS (Radar Cross Section) for unmanned surface vehicles. The future trend of RCS reduction is predicted, including RCS basics and important scattering mechanisms, RCS prediction techniques, and RCS reduction techniques. In this review article, RCS prediction and reduction for unmanned surface vehicles are systematically summarized and analyzed with particular emphases on shaping and radar absorbing materials. In addition, we will focus on the shaping method and various RCS re

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Kurniawan, Affandi Faisal, Mohammad Syaiful Anwar, Khoirotun Nadiyyah, et al. "Preparation and Thickness Optimization of Graphenic-Based Carbon Material as a Microwave Absorber." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 1 (2022): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.1714.

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The purpose of this study is to optimize the thickness of a layered graphenic-based carbon compound, which is a non-magnetic material derived from biomass (old coconut shell). After the sample was exfoliated using HCl solution, the morphological structure showed that the material used in this study is a reduced graphene oxide (rGO), similar to carbon but with a thickness of less than 10 nm and lateral size in submicron (100 nm). The sample with a 2 mm thickness was then characterized using a vector network analyzer (VNA) to measure its reflection loss (RL). The measurement result is evaluated

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Pinto, Simone de Souza, and Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende. "Electromagnetic, Morphological, and Electrical Characterization of POMA/Carbon Nanotubes-Based Composites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1989785.

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This study involves the preparation of conducting composites based on poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) and the evaluation of them as radar absorbing materials (RAM), in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz (X-band). The composites were obtained by synthesis in situ of POMA in the presence of CNT (0.1 and 0.5 wt% in relation to the o-methoxyaniline monomer). The resulting samples—POMA/CNT-0.1 wt% and POMA/CNT-0.5 wt%—were incorporated in an epoxy resin matrix in the proportion of 1 and 10 wt%. FT-IR analyses show that the POMA was successfully synthesized on the CNT surfa

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Tyagi, Sachin, Ramesh Chandra Agarwala, and Vijaya Agarwala. "Microwave Absorption and Magnetic Studies of Strontium Hexaferrites Nanoparticles Synthesized by Modified Flux Method." Journal of Nano Research 10 (April 2010): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.10.19.

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M-type strontium hexaferrite nanocrystals of radar absorbing material (NRAM) i.e. SrFe12O19 were synthesized by modified flux method that combine the controlled chemical co-precipitation process for nucleation and complete uniform growth during annealing with NaCl flux. Uniform structural morphological transformation of nanocrystals from needle to hexagonal prism faces were noticed after annealing with increasing of heat treatment (HT) temperature from 800 to 1200°C for 4h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show the formation of various phases with increase in annealing temperature. The crystall

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Chambers, B. "Radar Absorbing Materials From Theory to Design Characterization K.J. Vinoy and R.M. Jha Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 1995. 190pp. Illustrated. £85.25." Aeronautical Journal 101, no. 1003 (1997): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000066665.

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Sun, Liang Kui, Hai Feng Cheng, Yong Jiang Zhou, and Wang Jun. "Design and Preparation of Light-Weight Radar Absorbing Material Based on Resistive Frequency Selective Surfaces." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.976.

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Light-weight radar absorbing material (RAM) based on resistive frequency selective surfaces (FSS) was designed and prepared. The principle of the resonances of the RAM was analyzed by calculating the impedance of the FSS and the grounded substrate according to the equivalent circuit method, and the results show that a wideband absorbing structure can be gained by producing two adjacent resonances. After design and optimization by Genetic Algorithm (GA), the RAM with absorbing bandwidth of 7.5~18GHz below -10dB was obtained, whose thickness is only 3mm. The designed RAM was gained by preparing

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Li, Zhengqi. "Ultra-wideband Vivaldi Antenna Loaded with Multi-layer Radar Absorbing Material." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2405, no. 1 (2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2405/1/012009.

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Abstract In this paper, the radiation and scattering characteristics of a broadband miniaturized Vivaldi antenna are simulated. The proposed antenna operates at 3.6GHz-15.6GHz. Through calculation, the multi-layer absorbing material with the best broadband absorption loss is obtained, and the RCS reduction is effectively realized by loading RAM on the antenna metal floor. The simulated results between the reference antenna and the antenna loaded with RAM show that the RCS reduction of more than 10 dB under the incident angle of nearly ±70° in the xoz plane is realized, while the radiation perf

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Nisa, Dinda Khoirun, Yayat Ruyat, and Wahyu Widanarto. "STUDI KOMPARATIF ARANG AKTIF LIMBAH BIOMASSA SEBAGAI RADAR ABSORBING MATERIAL (RAM)." Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya 9, no. 2 (2024): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.35508/fisa.v9i2.19340.

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Stealth technology (teknologi siluman) merupakan salah satu teknologi yang sedang dikembangkan untuk menghilangkan jejak RADAR dari musuh. Spektrum yang digunakan dalam teknologi ini yaitu pada rentang gelombang mikro (8 – 12 GHz). RAM (Radar Absorbing Material) merupakan salah satu rekayasa yang dapat digunakan dalam perancangan teknologi siluman. Salah satu bahan yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan RAM adalah arang aktif sebagai bahan dielektrik. Dalam tulisan ini dilakukan studi komparatif terkait arang aktif dari beragam limbah biomassa, seperti jerami gandum, sekam padi, sekam, loofah, ampas

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Sharma, Rahul, Ramesh Chandra Agarwala, and Vijaya Agarwala. "Development of Radar Absorbing Nano Crystals under Thermal Irradiation." Journal of Nano Research 2 (August 2008): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.2.91.

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Single phase W-type barium hexaferrite nano crystals of radar absorbing material (RAM) i.e., BaMe2Fe16O27 (Me2+=Fe2+) were synthesized by a modified flux method that combines the controlled chemical co-precipitation process for nucleation and complete uniform growth during in-situ annealing with NaCl flux under vacuum furnace. Uniform structure morphological transformation of nano crystals from spherical to prism faces were noticed after annealing with increasing temperatures from 200 to 1200 oC for 4 h in vacuum. XRD results showed the single phase nanocrystals of BaFe18O27 with increasing cr

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Fisli, A., D. S. Winatapura, E. Sukirman, S. Mustofa, W. A. Adi, and Y. Taryana. "Iron oxide/titania composites for radar absorbing material (RAM) applications." Cerâmica 65, no. 375 (2019): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132019653752728.

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Abstract Iron oxide/titania composites were synthesized by precipitation method. Amount of iron oxide was varied in the composites. The single phase (anatase) was obtained for the weight ratio of 0-20% and three phases (anatase, magnetite and hematite) were found for the weight ratio of 30% and 40% of iron oxide. The crystallite size of titania decreased with increasing of iron oxide content. The specific surface area, total pore volume and BJH pore volume of the sample increased with increasing iron oxide content in the composite. The composites possessed mesoporous characteristic (6.5-9.6 nm

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Kirillov, V. Yu, P. A. Zhukov, S. Yu Zhuravlev, and M. M. Tomilin. "Radar-Absorbing Materials for Spacecraft." Cosmic Research 58, no. 5 (2020): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0010952520050068.

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Nisa, Dinda Khoirun, Yayat Ruyat, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah, and Wahyu Widanarto. "Modification of Rice Husk-based Activated Charcoal as Microwave Absorbing Material." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 46, no. 2 (2024): 09. https://doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v46.2.6525.

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Stealth technology is one of the technologies being developed to eliminate RADAR traces from the enemy. The spectrum used in this technology is in the microwave range (8-12 GHz). RAM (Radar Absorbing Material) is one of the techniques that can be used in the design of stealth technology. One material that has the potential to be used as RAM is activated charcoal as a dielectric material. In the manufacture of activated charcoal, a chemical activation method is used with an activator in the form of 5 M HCl to obtain good porosity properties in charcoal. Modification of active charcoal was also

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Sun, Hui Min, Zhao Zhan Gu, and Ran Ran Yang. "Study on Absorbing Properties of Honeycomb Absorbing Materials." Advanced Materials Research 815 (October 2013): 645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.645.

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Honeycomb absorbing materials were measured using the method of free space in this paper. The reflectance of honeycomb absorbing materials was calculated and simulated, and it was verified based on the measured results. It was demonstrated that this test method was feasible. Through studying on absorbing properties of honeycomb, the results have showed that the radar absorbing properties of honeycomb are related to electromagnetic parameters, as well as thickness of the dip-coatings. With the increase of thickness of the dipping layer, the radar absorbing capability of high frequency and low f

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Afanasiev, Anatoly, and Yulia Bakhracheva. "Analysis of the Types of Radar Absorbing Materials." NBI Technologies, no. 2 (October 2019): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nbit.jvolsu.2019.2.6.

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Wei, Sai Nan, Rui Zhou Li, Li Chen, and Ji Ming Yao. "Research of Fiber Radar Absorbing Materials." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.835.

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Electromagnetic parameters and absorbing properties of fiber absorbents (carbon fiber, SiC fiber and polycrystalline iron fiber) were introduced. The influences of the arrangement, thickness and content of the fibers on radar absorbing property were summarized. New development directions of the fiber absorbents were also indicated.

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