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1
Schreiber, Floriane. "Estimation des conditions océanographiques par inversion de données issues d'un radar imageur non calibré." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0016.
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De nombreux modèles empiriques de distribution statistique du fouillis de mer existent mais ne sont pas directement paramétrable par l’état de mer, et ainsi il n’est pas possible d’y pratiquer une méthode d’inversion. Pour modéliser la distribution statistique de l’intensité, nous utilisons un modèle deux-échelles (TSM) paramétré directement par l’état de mer via la mss (mean square slope). Ce modèle permet de retrouver de manière cohérente la NRCS mais ne parvient pas à décrire de manière la distribution du fouillis de mer simultanément dans les deux canaux de polarisations directs dû à une surestimation du rapport de polarisation (RP) de Bragg.Pour corriger ce problème, nous avons développé une formulation originale du RP qui inclue un unique paramètre effectuant une transition dynamique entre le régime de Bragg et de Kirchhoff. Cette formulation intégrée au modèle TSM permet de corriger le RP et d’obtenir une modélisation cohérente de la statistique du fouillis de mer, simultanément dans les deux polarisations. A l’aide d’une méthode d’inversion, le modèle permet d'estimer l’état de mer d’un radar imageur. La pertinence de ce modèle est établie dans différentes configurations, mais aussi pour des données présentant des incertitudes de calibration<br>Many empirical models describing sea clutter statistical distribution exist but they do not directly depend on the sea sate. They are not suitable to perform inversion. To model the statistical distribution of the backscattered intensity, we use a two-scale model (TSM) which is linked to the sea state via the mss (mean square slope). This model allows to retrieve the NRCS but does not perfectly describes the sea clutter distribution simultaneously in the two direct polarization channels. This is due to an overestimation of the Bragg polarization ratio (PR)
2
Benahmed, Daho Omar. "Radar ULB pour la vision à travers les murs : mise au point d'une chaîne de traitement de l'information d'un radar imageur." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS036/document.
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Nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse à la vision à travers les murs (VTM) par radar ULB, avec comme objectif la mise au point d’une chaîne de traitement de l’information (CTI) complète pouvant être utilisée par différents types de radar imageur VTM. Pour ce faire, nous souhaitons prendre en compte le moins possible d’information a priori, ni sur les cibles, ni sur leur contexte environnemental. De plus, la CTI doit répondre à des critères d’adaptabilité et de modularité pour pouvoir traiter les informations issues de deux types de radar, notamment, le pulsé et le FMCW, développés dans deux projets dans lesquels s’inscrivent les travaux de cette thèse. L’imagerie radar est un point important dans ce contexte, nous l’abordons par la combinaison des algorithmes de rétroprojection et trilatération, et montrons l’amélioration apportée avec l’utilisation d’un détecteur TFAC prenant en compte la forme des signatures des cibles. La mise au point de la CTI est notre principale contribution. Le flux d’images radar obtenu est scindé en deux parties. La première séquence dynamique contient les cibles mobiles qui sont ensuite suivies par une approche multihypothèse. La seconde séquence statique contient les cibles stationnaires ainsi que les murs intérieurs qui sont détectés par une méthode s’appuyant sur la transformée de Radon. Nous avons produit un simulateur VTM fonctionnant dans le domaine temporel et fréquentiel pour mettre au point les algorithmes de la CTI et tester leur robustesse. Plusieurs scénarios de simulation ainsi que de mesures expérimentales, montrent que la CTI construite est pertinente et robuste. Elle est ainsi validée pour les deux systèmes radar<br>This report is focused on Through-the-wall surveillance (TTS) using UWB radar, with the objective of developing a complete information processing pipeline (IPP) which can be used by different types of imaging radar. To do this, we want to take into account any a priori information, nor on the target, or their environmental context. In addition, the IPP must meet criteria of adaptability and modularity to process information from two types of radar, including pulsed and FMCW developed in two projects that are part of the work of this thesis. Radar imaging is an important point in this context ; we approach it by combining backprojection and trilateration algorithms and show the improvement with the use of a CFAR detector taking into account the shape of the targets signatures.The development of the IPP is our main contribution. The flow of radar images obtained is divided into two parts. The first dynamic sequence contains moving targets are tracked by a multiple hypothesis approach. The second static sequence contains stationary targets and interior walls that are highlighted by Radon transformbases approach. We developed a simulator operating in time and frequency domain to design the algorithms of the IPP and test their robustness. Several simulated scenarios and experimental measurements show that our IPP is relevant and robust. It is thus validated for both radar systems
3
Cattin, Viviane. "Traitement et exploitation des signaux issus d'un imageur électromagnétique." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0128.
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Un imageur electromagnetique haute resolution est envisage afin de detecter et de localiser des objets situes dans des structures heterogenes. Il doit permettre la mesure non destructive de contrastes en permittivite et en conductivite, a une profondeur d'investigation de quelques decimetres, avec une resolution de l'ordre du centimetre. Dans ce but, nous cherchons a identifier les points delicats de son developpement. Afin de choisir le systeme et interpreter sa reponse, nous etudions la caracterisation electromagnetique de materiaux, et les phenomenes de reflexions secondaires et de resonance presents dans les milieux formant les structures considerees. Ceci nous permet de specifier un systeme electromagnetique base sur le principe d'un radar a sauts de frequence. Les antennes etant placees a proximite du milieu, nous nous interessons aux phenomenes de couplage afin d'evaluer quelles sont les perturbations induites sur une reponse radar. Des algorithmes d'imagerie qualitative (focalisation par synthese d'ouverture, migration f-k, tomographie microonde) sont utilises afin d'interpreter la reponse de l'imageur sous forme de courants induits. Ils permettent de positionner les structures et les objets cherches. Nous proposons l'emploi de methodes parametriques (methode de pencil) afin d'ameliorer la resolution. Enfin, des experimentations sur des milieux heterogenes avec differentes polarisations et bandes de frequence montrent la validite et les limites de cet imageur.
4
Beaudoin, André. "Observation de la terre par radar imageur : estimation de la biomasse forestière : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30244.
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Un des parametres-clefs a apprehender dans l'etude des ecosystemes forestiers est la biomasse forestiere, tant dans les etudes de changements globaux que dans la gestion des ressources forestieres. L'observation par radar imageur des ecosystemes forestiers s'avere une application prometteuse des techniques de teledetection, considerant la penetration des micro-ondes dans les couverts vegetaux. De plus, le fonctionnement par tout temps des systemes radar s'avere necessaire pour l'observation des regions a forte couverture nuageuse. Afin de demontrer l'apport de la teledetection radar pour l'estimation de la biomasse forestiere, une experience a ete menee en 1989 sur le massif landais dans le sud-ouest de la france, constitue de forets de pin maritime (pinus pinaster). Des donnees aeroportees rso (radar a synthese d'ouverture) multifrequences et polarimetriques du nasa/jpl ont ete acquises sur une partie du massif, alors que les parametres forestiers, incluant la biomasse ligneuse et foliaire, ont ete mesures sur plusieurs parcelles. La phase d'analyse des donnees apres l'etalonnage complet des images rso, a revele une forte correlation entre l'echo radar et la biomasse ligneuse sur pied. Afin d'interpreter ces observations, un modele theorique d'interaction des micro-ondes avec le milieu forestier a ete developpe et valide par les mesures experimentales. La phase d'interpretation a permis de cerner le lien physique existant entre l'echo radar et la biomasse ligneuse. Par la suite, le modele a ete utilise dans une etude de simulation, visant a tenir compte des variations environnementales susceptibles de perturber la sensibilite de l'echo radar a la biomasse ligneuse. Il a ete demontre que la topographie et la structure du couvert sont des parametres a prendre en compte selon les differentes configurations radar utilisees, afin d'optimiser l'estimation de la biomasse. Finalement, un exemple d'inversion de la biomasse a partir des donnees radar en bande p pour le cas du pin maritime est presente
5
Dellinger, Flora. "Descripteurs locaux pour l'imagerie radar et applications." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0037/document.
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Nous étudions ici l’intérêt des descripteurs locaux pour les images satellites optiques et radar. Ces descripteurs, par leurs invariances et leur représentation compacte, offrent un intérêt pour la comparaison d’images acquises dans des conditions différentes. Facilement applicables aux images optiques, ils offrent des performances limitées sur les images radar, en raison de leur fort bruit multiplicatif. Nous proposons ici un descripteur original pour la comparaison d’images radar. Cet algorithme, appelé SAR-SIFT, repose sur la même structure que l’algorithme SIFT (détection de points-clés et extraction de descripteurs) et offre des performances supérieures pour les images radar. Pour adapter ces étapes au bruit multiplicatif, nous avons développé un opérateur différentiel, le Gradient par Ratio, permettant de calculer une norme et une orientation du gradient robustes à ce type de bruit. Cet opérateur nous a permis de modifier les étapes de l’algorithme SIFT. Nous présentons aussi deux applications pour la télédétection basées sur les descripteurs. En premier, nous estimons une transformation globale entre deux images radar à l’aide de SAR-SIFT. L’estimation est réalisée à l’aide d’un algorithme RANSAC et en utilisant comme points homologues les points-clés mis en correspondance. Enfin nous avons mené une étude prospective sur l’utilisation des descripteurs pour la détection de changements en télédétection. La méthode proposée compare les densités de points-clés mis en correspondance aux densités de points-clés détectés pour mettre en évidence les zones de changement<br>We study here the interest of local features for optical and SAR images. These features, because of their invariances and their dense representation, offer a real interest for the comparison of satellite images acquired under different conditions. While it is easy to apply them to optical images, they offer limited performances on SAR images, because of their multiplicative noise. We propose here an original feature for the comparison of SAR images. This algorithm, called SAR-SIFT, relies on the same structure as the SIFT algorithm (detection of keypoints and extraction of features) and offers better performances for SAR images. To adapt these steps to multiplicative noise, we have developed a differential operator, the Gradient by Ratio, allowing to compute a magnitude and an orientation of the gradient robust to this type of noise. This operator allows us to modify the steps of the SIFT algorithm. We present also two applications for remote sensing based on local features. First, we estimate a global transformation between two SAR images with help of SAR-SIFT. The estimation is realized with help of a RANSAC algorithm and by using the matched keypoints as tie points. Finally, we have led a prospective study on the use of local features for change detection in remote sensing. The proposed method consists in comparing the densities of matched keypoints to the densities of detected keypoints, in order to point out changed areas
6
Dellinger, Flora. "Descripteurs locaux pour l'imagerie radar et applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0037.
Full textAbstract:
Nous étudions ici l’intérêt des descripteurs locaux pour les images satellites optiques et radar. Ces descripteurs, par leurs invariances et leur représentation compacte, offrent un intérêt pour la comparaison d’images acquises dans des conditions différentes. Facilement applicables aux images optiques, ils offrent des performances limitées sur les images radar, en raison de leur fort bruit multiplicatif. Nous proposons ici un descripteur original pour la comparaison d’images radar. Cet algorithme, appelé SAR-SIFT, repose sur la même structure que l’algorithme SIFT (détection de points-clés et extraction de descripteurs) et offre des performances supérieures pour les images radar. Pour adapter ces étapes au bruit multiplicatif, nous avons développé un opérateur différentiel, le Gradient par Ratio, permettant de calculer une norme et une orientation du gradient robustes à ce type de bruit. Cet opérateur nous a permis de modifier les étapes de l’algorithme SIFT. Nous présentons aussi deux applications pour la télédétection basées sur les descripteurs. En premier, nous estimons une transformation globale entre deux images radar à l’aide de SAR-SIFT. L’estimation est réalisée à l’aide d’un algorithme RANSAC et en utilisant comme points homologues les points-clés mis en correspondance. Enfin nous avons mené une étude prospective sur l’utilisation des descripteurs pour la détection de changements en télédétection. La méthode proposée compare les densités de points-clés mis en correspondance aux densités de points-clés détectés pour mettre en évidence les zones de changement<br>We study here the interest of local features for optical and SAR images. These features, because of their invariances and their dense representation, offer a real interest for the comparison of satellite images acquired under different conditions. While it is easy to apply them to optical images, they offer limited performances on SAR images, because of their multiplicative noise. We propose here an original feature for the comparison of SAR images. This algorithm, called SAR-SIFT, relies on the same structure as the SIFT algorithm (detection of keypoints and extraction of features) and offers better performances for SAR images. To adapt these steps to multiplicative noise, we have developed a differential operator, the Gradient by Ratio, allowing to compute a magnitude and an orientation of the gradient robust to this type of noise. This operator allows us to modify the steps of the SIFT algorithm. We present also two applications for remote sensing based on local features. First, we estimate a global transformation between two SAR images with help of SAR-SIFT. The estimation is realized with help of a RANSAC algorithm and by using the matched keypoints as tie points. Finally, we have led a prospective study on the use of local features for change detection in remote sensing. The proposed method consists in comparing the densities of matched keypoints to the densities of detected keypoints, in order to point out changed areas
7
Matarese, Joseph R. (Joseph Richard). "Topographic reconstruction from radar imagery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59857.
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Kim, Jungwhan John. "Road detection on radar imagery." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53080.
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A facet based road network detection procedure is described for radar imagery. The procedure includes a line detection part and a road detection and connection part. The line detection part analytically detects linear features using a facet Valley finding technique. Valleys are defined as zero crossings of the first directional derivatives of a bicubic facet model taken in a direction extremizing the second directional derivative. The road detection and connection part statistically screens the linear features on a component by component basis, and then optimally connects the screened linear features using a dynamic programming algorithm.
This thesis also includes as a preprocessing technique for noisy images, an adaptive noise removal algorithm, and suggests a practical method of estimating a local noise variance.<br>Master of Science
9
Reeves, Bryan Anthony. "Slope stability radar /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17049.pdf.
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Yuzcelik, Cihangir Kemal. "Radar absorbing material design." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FYuzcelik.pdf.
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Najeh, Maher. "Filtrage et analyse des images radar." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25342.pdf.
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Hagedorn, Michael. "Classification of synthetic aperture radar images." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5966.
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In this thesis the maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) analysis is reviewed. The MAP model consists of two probability density functions (PDFs): the likelihood function and the prior model. Contributions related to both models are made.
As the first contribution a new likelihood function describing the multilook three-polarisation intensity SAR speckle process, which is equivalent to the averaged squared amplitude samples from a three-dimensional complex zero-mean circular Gaussian density, has been derived. This PDF is a correlated three-dimensional chi-square density in the form of an infinite series of modified Bessel functions with seven independent parameters. Details concerning the PDF such as the estimation of the PDF parameters from sample data and the moments of the PDF are described. The new likelihood function is tested against simulated and measured SAR data.
The second contribution is a novel parameter estimation method for discrete Gibbs random field (GRF) prior models. Given a quantity of sample data, the parameters of the GRF model, which comprise the values of the potential functions of individual cliques, are estimated. The method uses an error function describing the difference between the local model PDF and the equivalent estimated from sample data. The concept of "equivalencies" is introduced to simplify the process. The new parameter estimation method is validated and compared to Besag's parameter estimation method (coding method) using GRF realisations and other sample data.
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Odhiambo, George Samuel Obonyo. "Bayesian reconstruction of subsurface radar images." Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296717.
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Walessa, Marc. "Bayesian information extraction from SAR images." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964273659.
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Akyildiz, Yeliz. "Feature extraction from synthetic aperture radar imagery." Connect to resource, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1258651629.
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Preiss, Mark. "Detecting scene changes using synthetic aperture radar interferometry /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php9242.pdf.
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Wilson, Clarence J. "Calibration of and attitude error estimation for a spaceborne scatterometer using measurements over land /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1998. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd19.pdf.
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Mun, Kok Leong. "Stepped frequency imaging radar simulation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA379137.
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Dunlop, Jonathan. "Texture analysis in sonar images." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340489.
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Matthew, Pianto Donald. "Modeling synthetic aperture radar image data." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/7128.
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Previous issue date: 2008<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Nessa tese estudamos a estimação por máxima verossimilhança (MV) do parâmetro de aspereza
da distribuição G 0
A de imagens com speckle (Frery et al., 1997). Descobrimos que, satisfeita
uma certa condição dos momentos amostrais, a função de verossimilhança é monótona e as estimativas
MV são infinitas, implicando uma região plana. Implementamos quatro estimadores
de correção de viés em uma tentativa de obter estimativas MV finitas. Três dos estimadores
são obtidos da literatura sobre verossimilhança monótona (Firth, 1993; Jeffreys, 1946) e um,
baseado em reamostragem, é proposto pelo autor. Fazemos experimentos numéricos de Monte
Carlo para comparar os quatro estimadores e encontramos que não existe um favorito claro, a
menos quando um parâmetro (dado a priori da estimação) toma um valor específico. Também
aplicamos os estimadores a dados reais de radar de abertura sintética. O resultado desta análise
mostra que os estimadores precisam ser comparados com base em suas habilidades de classificar
regiões corretamente como ásperas, planas, ou intermediárias e não pelos seus vieses e
erros quadráticos médios
21
Tiranti, Luca. "Simultaneous localization and mapping using radar images." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22893/.
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Questa tesi affronta il problema di localizzazione e mappatura simultanea in locali indoor utilizzando la tecnologia radar a onde millimetriche. Gli scenari considerati e le tecnologie impiegate sono in linea con il concetto di “personal mobile radar” rendendo questo lavoro un proof-of-concept di tale idea, testandone le performance in ambienti reali attraverso differenti campagne di misura. In accordo con tale concetto, sarà possibile integrare in dispositivi mobili, quali smartphone e tablet, array di antenne che scansioneranno autonomamente l’ambiente circostante e permetteranno di raggiungere una soluzione con specifiche simili alle più performanti soluzioni di SLAM come la tecnologia laser o lidar. Al contempo, l’utilizzo di tecnologia a onde millimetriche permette un possibile impiego del radar personale anche in ambienti con scarsa visibilità trovando applicazione, ad esempio, in contesti industriali ma anche per la sicurezza delle persone mantenendo i costi contenuti ed evitando l'installazione di infrastrutture ad-hoc.
Lo campagne di misura in locali indoor svolte per questa tesi hanno reso possibile la raccolta di dati, i quali successivamente sono stati processati e forniti in input all'algoritmo di SLAM proposto sotto forma di “immagini radar”. A partire da queste, verranno presentate diverse strategie sviluppate per la stima della traiettoria del radar e mapping dell’ambiente e, infine, per ognuna di queste, verranno mostrati i relativi risultati ottenuti.
Verranno mostrati i risultati ottenuti da campagne di misure sia a 77 GHz che a 300 GHz. Queste ultime sono state condotte presso il centro di ricerca CEA-Leti (Grenoble, France) nel contesto del progetto europeo PRIMELOC (Personal Radars for Radio Imaging and Infrastructure-less Localization) del quale l’Università di Bologna è coordinatrice. I risultati mostreranno come l’aumento delle frequenze in gioco possa portare benefici in termini di accuratezza dei risultati.
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Jolly, Alistair Duncan. "Feature extraction from millimetre wave radar images." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1992. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19034/.
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This thesis describes research performed into the segmentation and classification of features on images of wound terrain generated from an airborne millimetre wave radar. The principles of operation of the radar are established and it is shown how an image is produced from this particular radar. The parameters such as wavelength, antenna size and pulse length are related to the images and a mathematical description of the radar data is given. The effectiveness of established image processing techniques is reviewed when applied to millimetre wave radar images and a statistical classification technique is seen to yield encouraging results. This method of segmentation and classification is then extended to make optimal use of the available information from the radar. An orthogonal expansion of the Poincaré sphere representation of polarised radiation is established and it is shown how different terrain types cluster in the eigenspace of these spherical harmonics. Segmentation then follows from the clustering properties of pixels within this multidimensional eigenspace and classification from the locations of the clusters.
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Chong, Aaron A. "Complementary GPR antennas and watertank testing /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16096.pdf.
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Gouveia, Carolina Teixeira de Sousa. "Bio-Radar." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23811.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações<br>Nesta dissertação é desenvolvido um protótipo de um bio-radar, cujo foco é
a aquisição e processamento do sinal respiratório em tempo real. O sistema
do bio-radar permite medir sinais vitais com precisão, baseando-se no
princípio do efeito Doppler, que relaciona as propriedades do sinal recebido
com a variação da distância percorrida desses sinais. Essa distância está
compreendida entre as antenas do radar e a caixa torácica do paciente. No
contexto deste projeto, é apresentado o modelo matemático do bio-radar
e é também desenvolvido um algoritmo que visa extrair o sinal respiratório
tendo em consideração a sensibilidade dos sinais envolvidos tal como o
modo de operação do sistema. O protótipo em tempo real desenvolvido
nesta dissertação usa um front-end baseado em Software Defined Radio
(SDR) e os sinais por ele adquiridos são processados no software LabVIEW
da National Instruments.<br>In this dissertation, a prototype of a bio-radar was developed with focus
in the real-time acquisition and processing of the respiratory signal. The
bio-radar system can measure vital signals accurately by using the Doppler
e ect principle that relates the received signal properties with the distance
change between the radar antennas and the person's chest-wall. In this
framework, a mathematical model of the bio-radar is presented. Also, an
algorithm for respiratory rate extraction is proposed having in mind the
acquired signal's sensitivity and the system's operation. The real-time
acquisition system is developed using a front-end based in SDR and the
acquired signals are processed using the LabVIEW software from National
Instruments.
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Clark, Christine. "Geocoding and stereoscopy of synthetic aperture radar imagery." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1991. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1349607/.
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This thesis is concerned with the geocoding of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and the use of stereo SAR images. The work was carried out as part of the preparation for the launch of the ERS-1 sateffite, due in July 1991, which will carry a SAR sensor. There are two basic approaches to geocoding: image-to-object and object-to-image. Both of these methods have been analysed and assessed on experimental data, namely SIR-B imagery of Mount Shasta. Each type of geocoding requires the solution of nonlinear equations. It has been shown that if the parameters which control the geocoding process are given to a good degree of accuracy, each method can give good results. The effect of inaccuracies in the estimation of these parameters has also been analysed. It was found that there was a predominantly linear response to parameter error in both types of geocoding. Experimental investigations into the effects of the resampling, inherent in operational geocoding, showed that the statistical properties of the resulting image may be severely corrupted with pixel values of less than zero being obtained. This discovery has subsequently been given theoretical support. Height can be determined from stereo pairs of images and digital elevation models can thus be produced, aiding both geocoding and topographic mapping. Existing approaches to SAR/SAR stereo all appear to be based on photograinmetric methods. An alternative, analytic approach, believed to be novel, is described and applied to the same Mount Shasta imagery. Using this method, with accurately-known controlling parameters, correspondence with ground data is excellent. However, an analysis of the sensitivity of the approach to inaccuracies in the controlling parameters shows that the method is extremely sensitive to error. The possibility of combining SAR and optical/infrared imagery for stereometric purposes is also discussed from a theoretical viewpoint.
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Greer, Donald Reed. "Multiresolution laser radar range profiling of real imagery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40181.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-113).<br>by Donald Reed Greer.<br>M.Eng.
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Gau, Jen-Yu. "Analysis of low probability of intercept (LPI) radar signals using the Wigner Distribution." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FGau.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Phillip E. Pace, Herschel H. Loomis, Jr. Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-146). Also available online.
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Menchik, Miriam Teresa Menegassi. "Modelamento matemático de radar de vigilância aerotransportado." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 1995. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1670.
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Neste trabalho e proposto um modelo matematico representativo do sinal de video de um radar de vigilancia aerotransportado. O modelo baseia-se em um processo Markoviano bidimensional causal de segunda ordem, que tem os seus parametros calculados atraves das caracteristicas do radar e do sinal eco recebido. O modelo proposto gera as imagens que sao a realizacao de um processo estocastico correlacionado estacionario com densidade de probabilidade Rayleigh. As imagens geradas sao dependentes dos parametros fisicos do radar, da geometria de iluminacao da cena e das caracteristicas dos alvos. Para aplicacao dos resultados obtidosforam definidos os parametros de um radar hipotetico denominado Radar de Vigilancia Aerotransportado do ITA - RADITA e simulou-se atraves dos modelos propostos as imagens deste radar. A simulacao foi feita em linguagem C e incorporou caracteristicas do processador de sinais do RADITA. O RADITA apresenta caracteristicas de operacao de um radar de vigilancia aerotransportado real, possibilitando a alteracao de varios parametros do radar e do cenario de observacao durante a execucao do programa. O trabalho realizado e o modelo proposto podem simular diversos tipos de radares de vigilancia, aerotransportados ou nao. Pode ser utilizado para o treinamento de operadores de radar, experiencias didaticas e e no desenvolvimento de pesquisa de processadores de sinais de radar.
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Dagher, Joseph C., Michael W. Marcellin, and Mark A. Neifeld. "COMPRESSION FOR STORAGE AND TRANSMISSION OF LASER RADAR MEASUREMENTS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607450.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>We develop novel methods for compressing volumetric imagery that has been generated by single platform (mobile) range sensors. We exploit the correlation structure inherent in multiple views in order to improve compression efficiency. We show that, for lossy compression, three-dimensional volumes compress more efficiently than two-dimensional (2D) images. In fact, our error metric suggests that accumulating more than 9 range images in one volume before compression yields up to a 99% improvement in compression performance over 2D compression.
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Lach, Stephen R. "Semi-automated DIRSIG scene modeling from 3D lidar and passive imagery /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7861.
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Nezry, Edmond. "Restauration de la réflectivité radar pour l'utilisation conjointe des images radar et optiques en télédétection." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30277.
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Ce travail a pour principal objectif la restauration de la reflectivite radar dans les images radar, de sorte que celles-ci puissent etre considerees comme des images reflectance et etre traitees ulterieurement a l'aide des methodes de traitement classiques utilisees pour les images optiques. La nature coherente des images radar implique une operation de filtrage du speckle. Le filtrage ne devant pas entrainer de degradation de la resolution, la texture, les structures, et les reponses des forts diffuseurs doivent simultanement etre preservees. La methode bayesienne d'estimation maximum a posteriori prend explicitement en compte les proprietes du speckle et des scenes naturelles. Pour des raisons experimentales et theoriques, nous avons choisi une loi gamma pour representer la reflectivite radar. Le probleme de la detection des structures est resolu a l'aide de detecteurs a taux de fausse alarme constant, le coefficient de variation et le detecteur rapport qui recoit dans ce but des ameliorations geometriques. Le processus de restauration complet permet de filtrer energiquement le speckle sans perte notable de resolution. Le nombre equivalent de vues apres filtrage s'avere suffisant pour traiter les images radar a l'aide de methodes de classification classiques. Les resultats montrent que les images radar peuvent etre utilisees avec succes en complementarite aux donnees optiques, en particulier pour le suivi de la deformation des regions tropicales
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Wray, Lisa Shannon. "Synthetic aperture radar image simulator for interferometry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5078.
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Bibliography: leaves 111-113.<br>An interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) simulator was created for the purposes of experimenting with and demonstration of the interferometric process, mission planning and radar image interpretation. The simulation method employs image statistics and terrain geometry to form a synthetic image and requires inputs of a digital elevation model (DEM), flight path, description, radar parameters, a terrain classification map and temporal decorrelation factors. Output images include the following images: radar cross section, power, total coherence, temporal cohernece factor, geometrical coherence factor, absolute phase, interferograms and flattened interferograms.
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Qi, Yusheng Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Sea surface wave reconstruction from marine radar images." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74939.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-105).<br>The X-band marine radar is one type of remote sensing technology which is being increasingly used to measure sea surface waves nowadays. In this thesis, how to reconstruct sea surface wave elevation maps from X-band marine radar images and do wave field prediction over short term in real time are discussed. The key idea of reconstruction is using dispersion relation based on the linear wave theory to separate the wave-related signal from non-wave signal in radar images. The reconstruction process involves three-dimensional Fourier analysis and some radar imaging mechanism. In this thesis, an improved shadowing simulation model combined with wave field simulation models for the study of the correction function in the reconstruction process and an improved wave scale estimation model using non-coherent radar data are proposed, which are of great importance in the reconstruction process. A radar image calibration method based on wave field simulation is put forward in order to improve the quality of reconstructed sea surface wave. Besides, a theoretical wave scale estimation model using Doppler spectra of the coherent radar is put forward, which is proposed to be a good alternative to the current wave scale estimation model. The reconstructed sea surface wave can be used for wave field simulation in order to predict the wave field, which is not only an application of this reconstruction process, but also a parameter optimizing tool for the reconstruction process.<br>by Yusheng Qi.<br>S.M.
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Teo, Ching Leong. "Bistatic radar system analysis and software development." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FTeo%5FChing.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): David C. Jenn, D. Curtis Schleher. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-96). Also available online.
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Duncan, David P. "Motion Compensation of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd477.pdf.
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Yoho, Peter K. "Satellite scatterometers : calibration using a ground station and statistical measurement theory /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2003. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd306.pdf.
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Galyean, Christina Pilkey. "Investigation and characterization of a thermal infrared all-sky imager." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28004.
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Maciel, Luz Marilda de Moraes. "Processamento de imagens ALOS/PALSAR aplicado à regularização fundiária na Amazônia." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/12607.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Geografia, 2012.<br>Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2013-03-26T15:22:56Z
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2012_LuzMarildadeMoraesMaciel.pdf: 20188557 bytes, checksum: 26d5c3e7c973e711ac48225e68bcdc60 (MD5)<br>A regularização fundiária é uma das ações do Governo Federal no ordenamento fundiário e combate ao desmatamento. O Programa Terra Legal Amazônia foi criado em 2009 para conceder títulos de domínio de terra a posseiros ocupantes de terras públicas federais. Um dos quesitos para a concessão de títulos aos ocupantes é o cumprimento da legislação ambiental. O sensor PALSAR (radar) apresenta um grande potencial para o mapeamento da cobertura e uso da Terra e é ideal para a aquisição de dados na região amazônica, onde a cobertura de nuvens afeta o imageamento por sensores ópticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar métodos de processamento de imagem de radar para classificar a cobertura e uso da Terra na Gleba do Baixo Candeias Igarapé Três Casas (RO) e verificar o cumprimento da legislação ambiental nessas ocupações. A coleta de amostras de treinamento (utilizadas na classificação) e teste (utilizadas na validação) foi orientada pelas classes de cobertura e uso da Terra mapeadas pelo Projeto TerraClass (agricultura, pasto limpo, pasto sujo, regeneração com pasto, vegetação secundaria e floresta). Foram testados os filtros Enhanced Frost, Enhanced Lee e Gamma,janelas 3x3 e 5x5, nas imagens SAR de polarização HH e HV para a remoção de ruído. Os valores da razão sinal ruído para as classes de cobertura e uso foram muito semelhantes, ligeiramente superiores para o filtro Gamma, janela 5x5 da polarização HV. Foram também testadas diferentes composições univariadas e bivariadas para melhorar a qualidade das imagens antes da classificação pelos métodos MAXVER e ICM. Entre as composições univariadas, a melhor concordância com o Mapa Digital do TerraClass foi atribuída apolarização HV, filtro Gamma, janela 5x5, classificada pelo método ICM (índice Kappa 0,6661) e entre as bivariadas, a composição HH+HV/HV, filtro Gamma, janela 5x5, classificada pelo método ICM (índice Kappa 0,6735). Por fim foi utilizada uma nova abordagem que combina filtragem espectral e componentes de densidade de probabilidade (CDP) e classificação pelo método de Mínima Distância.A imagem de polarização HV resultante da classificação apresentou excelente concordância com o Mapa Digital TerraClass (índice Kappa 0,9816). As imagens PALSAR demonstraram ser boa fonte de dados para o mapeamento de áreas de floresta e não floresta na região de estudo. Apesar das classes intermediárias entre floresta e pasto limpo apresentarem certo grau de confusão, como sinalizado nas análises preliminares, isso não comprometeu a discriminação de áreas florestadas e áreas não florestadas, possibilitando a quantificação de áreas de Reserva Legal existentes e áreas de Reserva Legal previstas em lei, nas parcelas. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT<br>Land regularization is one of the actions of the Federal Government to territorial planning and to combat deforestation. The Programa Terra Legal Amazônia was created in 2009 to grant titles of domain to squatter occupants of public federal lands. One of the requirements for the granting of titles to occupants is the enforcement of environmental legislation. The sensor PALSAR (radar) presents a great potential for mapping land use cover and is ideal for data acquisition in the Amazon region where cloud cover affects imaging by optical sensors. The aim of this work is to evaluate image processing methods to classify land use cover at Gleba do Baixo Candeias Igarapé Três Casas (RO) and verify the enforcement of environmental legislation in these occupations. The collect of training samples (used in the classification)and test (used in the validation) was guided by land cover classes mapped by Projeto TerraClass (agriculture, clean pasture, dirty pasture, regeneration with pasture, secondary vegetation and forest). In order to remove noises, the filters Enhanced Frost, Enhanced Lee and Gamma, 3x3 and 5x5 windows, were applied on SAR images of HH and HV polarizations. Signal-to-noise ratio values were very close among land use classes, slightly superior for the Gamma filter, 5x5 window of the HV polarization. In order to improve image quality were tested different univaried and bivaried compositions before the classification by the MAXVER and ICM methods. Among univaried compositions the best agreement with the Mapa Digital do TerraClass was obtained by the HV polarization image, Gamma filter, 5x5 window classified by the ICM method (Kappa index of 0,6661) and among the bivaried, the composition HH+HV/HV, Gamma filter, 5x5 window classified by the ICM method (Kappa index of 0,6735). Lastly was used a new approach that combines spectral filtering and density of probability components (CDP) and classification by Mínima Distancia method. The HV image obtained as result of this procedure presented the best agreement with the Mapa Digital TerraClass (Kappa index of 0,9816). The PALSAR images were considered a good source of data to map forested and non-forested areas in the study site. In spite of the intermediate classes between forest and pasture presented a certain degree of confusion, as flagged in the preliminary analysis, this did not affected the discrimination of forested and deforested areas,enabling the quantification of the existing Reserva Legal areas and Reserva Legal areas provided by legislation in plots.
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Almutiry, Muhannad Salem S. "Extraction of Weak Target Features from Radar Tomographic Imagery." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1470154676.
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Vachon, Paris W. "Synthetic-aperture radar imaging of the ocean surface : theoretical considerations, and experiments with simulated and actual SAR imagery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27556.
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Three key areas of controversy in synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) imaging of ocean surface waves are considered: first, the nature of Bragg scattering; second, the role, magnitude, and calculation of the scene coherence time; and third, the relevant ocean wave velocities for coherent Doppler modulations.
This work begins with a re-derivation and extension of existing SAR imaging theory for point and diffuse targets. Generic, relatively simple, closed-form expressions for the impulse response, the resolution, and the image bandwidth summarize this unified treatment. Theoretical differences between the imagery of point and diffuse targets are pointed out. Based upon these fundamental differences, a statistical testing procedure is formulated to address the question of scene target density.
Background ocean surface wave theory is outlined in preparation for discussions of SAR ocean imaging. Of central importance is the role of the phase velocity, which is the speed of translation of the mean pattern of reflectivity, and the orbital motion, which leads to coherent (phase) modulation, and hence to velocity bunching, acceleration defocus, and target decorrelation.
Based upon this theoretical background, one- and two-dimensional simulation models
are developed. The one-dimensional simulation addresses the effects of various parameters
upon the mean image contrast in a velocity bunching model and guides the development of the two-dimensional simulation. The two-dimensional simulation is unique because each target which constitutes the scene is explicitly considered. This leads to a degree of control and flexibility which is not available from actual SAR imagery.
Qualitative and quantitative comparisons are drawn between the simulated and actual SAR imagery to address the key areas of controversy. The assertion that Bragg scattering is a coherent process is defended, despite inability to conclusively verify this using SEASAT data. Comparisons between simulation and C-SAR imagery of waves propagating into ice verify the roles of the scene coherence time and the wave phase velocity.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of<br>Graduate
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Gama, Fábio Furlan. "Correção radiométrica de imagens de radar de abertura real." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 1996. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m19/2010/11.22.11.44.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo de desenvolver um método de correção radiométrica das imagens do radar de abertura real (SLAR-RAR) da cooperação INPE/DLR, com a finalidade de promover um pré-processamento das mesmas. Esta correção visa facilitar a discriminação dos alvos e obter um método capaz de separar e medir as áreas dos mesmos. Para estabelecer o algoritmo de correção, utilizou-se a ação radar, o diagrama de irradiação da antena, as informações de geometria de isição e as características elétricas do sistema. Imagens digitais, obtidas no experimento Arquimedes e fornecidas pelo DLR, bem como imagens da região de Presidente Figueiredo e Manaus-AM, adquiridas pela aeronave da FAB em 1993, foram corrigidas pelo algoritmo desenvolvido. Estas imagens também foram corrigidas pelo método de correção polinomial do "software" SPRING e comparadas entre si. Na sequência, selecionou-se uma imagem com um derramamento de óleo para aplicar o algoritmo de cálculo de área. A correção pela equação radar apresentou resultados similares aos obtidos pelo sistema polinomial SPRING, com a vantagem de não haver dependência das imagens para a correção, possibilitando futuramente a correção das mesmas em tempo real durante o vôo.<br>The aim of the present work is the development of a radiometric correction for using with the images from the real aperture radar of the INPE/DLR cooperation. This correction is a necessary step for target discrimination as well as for obtaining a method capable of measuring such target areas. In order to estabilish the correction algorithm it were used: the radar equation, the antenna's irradiation diagram, the acquisition geometry data, and the system electric characteristics. Digital imagery obtained from Arquimedes experiment and supplied by DLR, as well as images from Presidente Figueiredo and Manaus-AM region acquired by FAB's airplane in 1993, were corrected by the developed algorithm. These images were also corrected by the polinomial correction method of the SPRING software, and a comparison of both methods was done. In addition to these previous cases, a scene with oil spill was selected to calculate its area. The results from the radar equation correction were similar to those from SPRING polinomial system correction, with the benefit of not being dependent on the images for correction. In the future, this kind of correction might also be more suitable for real time correction during the flight acquisition.
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Schwegmann, Colin. "Advanced ship detection methods in Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64094.
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Large area monitoring plays an important role in the Maritime Domain Awareness initiative. To effectively monitor long coastlines and further out at sea, a multitude of monitoring techniques are necessary. One of these techniques, satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), can monitor large areas independent of weather or time of day. SAR imagery is particularly useful in the tracking of ships at sea as ships are highly reflective objects and become visible against the dark ocean background. Two novel SAR ship detection techniques are proposed, both of which are tested against a newly created 46 image, medium resolution SAR imagery dataset. The first method extends the conventional Constant False Alarm
Rate prescreening method to allow per-pixel thresholding so thresholds can be adjusted for specific areas. The method makes further use of Simulated Annealing to help identify areas of probable ships using an auxiliary transponder dataset. This technique improves the flexibility of previous Constant False Alarm Rate-based methods and provides a mean DA of 87.51%, a mean FAR of 5.644 × 10^−8 and mean MCC of 0.80. The second method uses unique ship-like, rapidly calculable features known as Haar-like features to describe ships. These features are used to train a cascaded classifier to create a ship discrimination step. The combination of these aspects and an advanced training technique known as AdaBoost creates a method which can be efficiently applied to medium resolution SAR imagery to provide significant false alarm reduction whilst maintaining a high ship detection accuracy which provides the best results of the methods investigated with a mean DA of 88.71%, mean FAR of 1.940 × 10^-8 and an MCC of 0.89. These two methods are evaluated against a range of other ship detection methods using various standardized metrics and multiple test scenarios.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2018.<br>Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
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Sandys-Renton, Jane Belinda Elizabeth. "Segmentation techniques for SAR imagery." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317224.
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Belgued, Youssef. "Amélioration de la qualité géométrique des images spatiales radar : méthodes de localisation et restitution du relief par radargrammétrie." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT019H.
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L'observation de la Terre depuis l'espace par les capteurs radar a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives dans le domaine des techniques d'exploitation des images et dans le domaine des applications servies par ces produits radar. Cette thèse s'intéresse à la qualité géométrique des images radar à synthèse d'ouverture acquises par satellite. Cet aspect est d'une grande importance lors de l'intégration de ces données dans des systèmes avec des sources de données hétérogènes, et lors de l'application de méthodes basées sur les modèles géométriques des images telles que la localisation et la restitution du relief. Nous commençons par la description de la modélisation du processus physique de prise de vue de l'image radar qui sert de base aux méthodes de localisation et aux applications liées à la géométrie des images. Puis nous montrons que des erreurs contaminent les valeurs des paramètres du modèle de prise de vue et nous analysons tous les foyers éventuels d'imprécision afin, d'une part, d'établir le vecteur d'état des paramètres à estimer et, d'autre part, par un processus de modélisation/simulation de disposer d'un outil d'expertise sur les potentialités en localisation et en restitution du relief de systèmes spatiaux radar existants ou futurs. L'ajustement des modèles de prise de vue, posé comme un problème d'estimation de paramètres en présence de bruit dans les mesures d'appui, est ensuite résolu simultanément pour un bloc d'images qui se chevauchent. Finalement, nous étudions la radargrammétrie qui consiste à générer des modèles numériques de terrain à partir d'images radar stéréoscopiques. Une nouvelle chaîne de traitement radargrammétrique est mise au point avec un module original de mise en géométrie épipolaire et une analyse de l'influence du filtrage des images en amont de l'étape d'appariement.
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Ferguson, Jeremiah R. "Using the grey-level co-occurrence matrix to segment and classify radar imagery." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1447631.
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Lin, Chih-heng. "Distributed subarray antennas for multifunction phased-array radar." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FLin.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): David C. Jenn, Richard W. Adler. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72). Also available online.
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Lim, Teck Yong. "Broadband counterwound spiral antenna for subsurface radar applications." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FLim%5FT.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Science (Electrical Engineering))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): David Jenn, Jeffrey B. Knorr. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-76). Also available online.
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Dong, Weizhen. "Time Blanking for GBT Data with RADAR RFI." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd468.pdf.
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Gadre, Mandar M. "Automated building footprint extraction from high resolution LIDAR DEM imagery." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4320.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 13, 2006) Includes bibliographical references.
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Hall, Graham. "Digital image processing of orbital synthetic aperture radar." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1989. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20081/.
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Synthetic aperture radar (SAP) is gaining increasing importance in the field of remote sensing. The main feature of image data transmitted from orbital satellite synthetic aperture radar is all-weather performance, which explains its importance in many applications. Unfortunately SAP image data is susceptible to "speckle noise", which means that considerable processing is required before full use can be made of the data. This thesis describes research performed into the enhancement of linear features, corresponding to ships' wakes, in noisy SAP satellite images. A summary of noise reduction techniques is described, and the suitability of each to the problem of enhancing linear features in SAR images is discussed. A survey of available hardware is also included, with an assessment of its suitability for the selected technique, namely the Radon transform. A transputer network is described in detail, together with OCCAM software to perform the Radon transform within a few seconds. The Radon transform, performed via the two-dimensional frequency domain, uses a technique based on the Fourier slice theorem, and in this thesis a previously reported ambiguity is confirmed and analysed. The development of a new Radon transform is described, which enables transformation into Radon space (for contrast enhancement), and back into image space, all via the frequency domain. This new transform was also implemented in OCCAM on the transputer network, and it is shown that the new transform has advantages over a previously reported line enhancement techniq'ie in that it eliminates the ambiguity found in the standard Radon transform, and reduces computation considerably when the inverse transform is also required.