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Academic literature on the topic 'Radar ultra large bande (ULB)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Radar ultra large bande (ULB)"
-Faussurier, E. "Applications Ultra Large Bande (ULB) : cadre et problématique réglementaire." Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, no. 04 (2004): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.2004.040.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Radar ultra large bande (ULB)"
Mroué, Ali. "Etude et évaluation d'un système multi-radars monostatiques ultra large bande : application à la détection et à l'identification de chutes sur les voies ferroviaires." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f81c9e2d-8748-4721-9c7c-12dcf60ce0fc.
Full textThis thesis presents the development of an Ultra Wide Band monostatic multi-radar sys- tem developed along a single axis. This system aims to detect and identify targets along its axis. The considered field of application is to detect and identify fall on track objects in order to enhance guided transport passenger safety. The main objective of this work is to study the different radiofrequency and signal processing subsets in order to validate the feasibility of the whole system. Simulation and expe- rimentations are performed. A slotted waveguide operated in its fundamental mode is used. Slots close to resonance are periodically perforated and constitute the monostatic radars. An optimal bandwidth and constant radiation coverage along the railway is then optimized. The singularity expansion method (SEM) is used and the characterization of objects fallen onto the track is performed. Complex natural resonances are computed and measured and then saved into a library for further use in a specific discrimination process. Using both numerical simulations and experimental results, the discrimination process shows that the human body is well discriminated as well as other typical objects (suitcases. . . ). In conclusion, this work has led to significant advances in object detection and identification in the railway field, and could have some fallout in other fields such as detection of liquids in the passenger luggage in the airport or detection and identification of intrusions in complex environments
Garbati, Marco. "Contribution au développement d’un lecteur RFID sans puce basé sur l’approche ultra large bande impulsionnelle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT034/document.
Full textThe RFID technology is in full development, and is intended to substitute barcode in the next future. Between all the RFID families, the UWB chipless RFID technology is a major topic nowadays. With this thesis we focus on development of UWB chipless RFID readers, based on IR-UWB approach.The international regulations that limit the UWB emission are taken into consideration, and two reader prototypes developed. The first was as a concept car, and therefore used as proof of concept. The second version represents a full optimized reader in all the key aspects. Between them, the reading precision, through sampling noise reduction, the reading time, and cost effectiveness. As part of reader development, a low noise and low cost UWB pulse generator prototype was realized, along with UWB antennas, and RF front-end boards. As prospective, a reading technique based on polarization diversity is shown, with the aim of reading cross-polarized tags independently from their orientation. This approach is valuable because does not give any constraint at the tag design level
Vo, Tien Tu. "Diversité spatiale, temporelle et fréquentielle pour la mesure précise de distance et d'angle d'arrivée en ultra large bande." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT027/document.
Full textDetection and ranging with electromagnetic waves (Radar) are used in a number of domains such as aeronautics, automobile or even medecin. In this thesis, we are interested particularly on Radar in the wellness domain for widely use: sleep pattern tracking sensors, smart glasses or white cane with obstacles detection for visually impaired people. The problem, which so far has not been discussed, is to add necessary functionalities as follow to the exciting solution to resolve theses applications: the thoracic and abdominal displacement tracking with a millimetric resolution; and the measurements of arrival direction of backscattered signals from obstacles in front of visually impaired individuals. The technological starting point is the one of Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, which offers a resolution of approximate one centimeter in the distance measurement within the range of few meters and in the discrimination of backscattered signals from multiple obstacles. To meet these criterias, the research focuses on the backscattering propagation channel in particularly from the human body. It also analyses the techniques in signal processing, aiming to estimate the breathing rate in the backscattered signal of human body, and to estimate the arrival direction to an antenna array to nearly one degree. Finally, it investigates the systematic architecture, especially in the receiver associated with the antenna array, in order to withstand the angular measurement without notably increasing the receiver complexity and consumption
Sadli, Rahmad. "Étude et développement d'un dispositif routier d'anticollision basé sur un radar ultra large bande pour la détection et l'identification notamment des usagers vulnérables." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0005.
Full textIn this thesis work, we focused on the study and development of a system identification using UWB-Ultra-Wide-Band short range radar to detect the objects and particularly the vulnerable road users (VRUs) that have low RCS-Radar Cross Section- such as cyclist and pedestrian. This work is composed of two stages i.e. detection and recognition. In the first approach of detection stage, we have proposed and studied a robust UWB radar detector that works on one dimension 1-D radar data ( A-scan). It relies on a combination of Higher Order Statistics (HOS) and the well-known CA-CFAR (Cell-Averaging Constant False Alarm Rate) detector. This combination is performed by firstly applying the HOS to the received radar signal in order to suppress the noise. After eliminating the noise of the received radar signal, we apply the CA-CFAR detector. By doing this combination, we finally have an UWB radar detector which is robust against the noise and works with the adaptive threshold. In order to enhance the detection performance, we have evaluated the approach of using two dimensions 2-D (B-Scan) radar data. In this 2-D radar approach, we proposed a new method of noise suppression, which works on this B-Scan data. The proposed method is a combination of WSD (Wavelet Shrinkage Denoising) and HOS. To evaluate the performance of this method, we performed a comparative study with the other noise removal methods in literature including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), WSD and HOS. The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the final result has been computed to compare the effectiveness of individual noise removal techniques. It is observed that a combination of WSD and HOS has better capability to remove the noise compared to that of the other applied techniques in the literature; especially it is found that it allows to distinguish efficiency the pedestrian and cyclist over the noise and clutters whereas other techniques are not showing significant result. In the recognition phase, we have exploited the data from the two approaches 1-D and 2-D, obtained from the detection method. In the first 1-D approach, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Deep Belief Networks (DBN) have been used and evaluated to identify the target based on the radar signature. The results show that the SVM gives good performances for the proposed system where the total recognition accuracy rate could achieve up to 96,24%. In the second approach of this 1-D radar data, the performance of several DBN architectures compose of different layers have been evaluated and compared. We realised that the DBN architecture with four hidden layers performs better than those of with two or three hidden layers. The results show also that this architecture achieves up to 97.80% of accuracy. This result also proves that the performance of DBN is better than that of SVM (96.24%) in the case of UWB radar target recognition system using 1-D radar signature. In the 2-D approach, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been exploited and evaluated. In this work, we have proposed and investigated three CNN architectures. The first architecture is the modified of Alexnet model, the second is an architecture with three convolutional layers and one fully connected layer, and the third is an architecture with five convolutional layers and two fully connected layers. The performance of these proposed architectures have been evaluated and compared. We found that the third architecture has a good performance where it achieves up to 99.59% of accuracy. Finally, we compared the performances obtained using CNN, DBN and SVM. The results show that CNN gives a better result in terms of accuracy compared to that of DBN and SVM. It allows to classify correctly the UWB radar targets like cyclist and pedestrian
Diao, Pape Sanoussy. "Système de détection embarqué ULB millimétrique pour la perception de l'environnement." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2005/document.
Full textWith the current context of security challenges, small objects detection is becoming a major issue in the fight against malicious acts. However, developments in millimeter-band technologies and the potential of these bands, particularly around 60 GHz, can facilitate the design of increasingly efficient systems to meet these challenges. This thesis is part of this context to propose an ultra-wideband (UWB) millimeter-wave detection system for short-range applications.After a detailed state-of-the-art of the fundamentals of detection, we present a validation of the radar cross-section (RCS) estimation by simulations with HFSS software and by measurements in anechoic chamber. These two studies allowed us to identify the essential elements for system analysis and the critical parameters for the detection of canonical objects such as cylinders and plates.Once the system analysis was identified, we proposed a multi-band detection approach based on monostatic radar to improve the detection coverage of the systems, but also and especially to overcome the limitation of objects detection according to their orientation in relation to the antenna boresight. We also proposed a simple architecture (transceiver) that could be associated with the detection principle. The system design allowed us to identify low noise amplifiers (LNAs) as critical elements of the receiver and thus establish their specifications to achieve the targeted performances.A comparison of IHP's SG13S and OMMIC's D007IH technologies is conducted in the last part of this work. The choice of technology is justified and the design of LNAs under ADS Keysight is detailed. A simulation of the entire system based on the performance of the designed LNAs and RCS simulations is presented to illustrate the implementation of detection. Finally, detection performances are evaluated for cylindrical targets and the contributions of the proposed system are illustrated in comparison with conventional single-band detection
Awarkeh, Nour. "2D indoor localization system with an UWB multistatic radar." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT041.
Full textNowadays, the ability to track objects and people is crucial for a huge number of applications, such as medical applications (monitoring of patients) or independent applications that require a very high accuracy and resolution in the positioning process. Therefore, the main scientific objective of this thesis is to develop a tracking system using an UWB multistatic radar system to provide realtime 2D location of transponders or active tags. The localization is carried out in polar coordinates (distance and azimuth angle) by merging the interferometry and goniometry principles, assuming a propagation channel with a direct path, or LoS between the station and the target. The designed ILS incorporates a hybrid technique by combining the duplex UWB and the Phase Correlation methods for the radial-distance and the azimuth angle estimates. The proposed ILS consists of two main components, a transmitter /receiver (transceiver) station serving as a LBS and an AT. The LBS has one transmitting channel and two identical and independent receiving channels. The localization is performed by sending UWB pulses towards the AT which acts as an active transponder and retransmits in turn the received signal back to the LBS upon delaying it. This designed ILS is expected to offer, under LoS conditions, a position estimation with high accuracy and resolution while maintaining low system complexity. The system works with a single anchor, and simultaneously addresses indoor challenges such as multipaths, strong signal attenuations, reflections, etc
Hamdi, Oussama. "Architecture d’échantillonnage rapide pour l’imagerie RADAR." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0120.
Full textTypically, the waveforms transmitted by UWB radar cover a spectrum higher than a decade, in the 100MHz-10GHz frequency range. UWB Radar imaging has grown significantly in recent past years and is used for a large number of applications as defence, civil security and biomedical. One of their advantages lies in the fact that microwaves are able to penetrate through non-conductive materials with centimeter resolution. In UWB pulse radar, the bandwidth can reach several GHz, so that an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) needs a high sampling rate and with a high resolution (>12 bits) to guarantee enough dynamic range. However, it is now possible to directly measure time-domain radar signal by associating an ADC with a Track and Hold Amplifier T&HA with wide RF bandwidth and with a maximum sampling frequency of several GSa/s. This work involves the development of a UWB SAR Radar demonstrator based on the use of a coherent sub-sampling technique for measuring UWB Radar signals. This UWB Radar demonstrator is built around a fast ADC (500 MS/s), an FPGA, and an ultra-wideband T&HA (5 GHz). It allows target detection by processing based on the use of a Radar image reconstruction algorithm
Benahmed, Daho Omar. "Radar ULB pour la vision à travers les murs : mise au point d'une chaîne de traitement de l'information d'un radar imageur." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS036/document.
Full textThis report is focused on Through-the-wall surveillance (TTS) using UWB radar, with the objective of developing a complete information processing pipeline (IPP) which can be used by different types of imaging radar. To do this, we want to take into account any a priori information, nor on the target, or their environmental context. In addition, the IPP must meet criteria of adaptability and modularity to process information from two types of radar, including pulsed and FMCW developed in two projects that are part of the work of this thesis. Radar imaging is an important point in this context ; we approach it by combining backprojection and trilateration algorithms and show the improvement with the use of a CFAR detector taking into account the shape of the targets signatures.The development of the IPP is our main contribution. The flow of radar images obtained is divided into two parts. The first dynamic sequence contains moving targets are tracked by a multiple hypothesis approach. The second static sequence contains stationary targets and interior walls that are highlighted by Radon transformbases approach. We developed a simulator operating in time and frequency domain to design the algorithms of the IPP and test their robustness. Several simulated scenarios and experimental measurements show that our IPP is relevant and robust. It is thus validated for both radar systems
Reineix, Gwenaël. "Conception de sources optoélectroniques transitoires à formes d'ondes maitrisées." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/60bc610a-86d7-4b9d-b388-b0ea4256778e/blobholder:0/2020LIMO0011.pdf.
Full textThe work developed in this thesis focuses on two main applications : the generation of signals dedicated to electromagnetic susceptibility tests and the shaping of transient signals applied to spectral shaping for impulse radars. For susceptibility tests, damped sinusoidal signals of a few kilovolts, with frequencies ranging from 20 MHz to 200 MHz, with quality factors between 8 and 12 are considered. In the case of spectral shaping, the generation of several transient signals makes it possible to reproduce an ultrawideband spectrum (300 MHz - 3 GHz) on which frequencies considered undesirable have been rejected.To form the signals useful for these two applications, innovative optoelectronic generators have been developed, the triggering of the signals being controlled by the illumination of photoconductors. The use of photoconductors illuminated by a laser beam generates short pulses (from a few nanoseconds to several hundred nanoseconds) of high voltage (a few kilovolts) with a very low jitter (a few picoseconds).This technique makes it possible to use multiple sources whose signals can be synchronized with each other. A study of the functioning and characterization of photoconductors has been carried out for the optimization of the optoelectronic generators developed. For each application, the designed experimental system is presented
Tahri, Tarik. "Systèmes radars coopératifs multimodes pour la détection, l'identification des obstacles sur les voies, la localisation et la transmission de données trains-infrastructures." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0024/document.
Full textTelecommunication in railway land is in perpetual evolution, its investigation axes are mainly motivated by a growing need in term of data rates, quality of transmission, accuracy and reliability of the localization, but it remains slowed by a frequentiel environment, which is increasingly crowded. In this context, the design of a system that ensure in same time, localization, obstacles recognition and communication, seems a very critical. In this thesis, to design such a sensor, we propose the use of so-called spectral diversity techniques also found under the name of Ultra Wideband radio (UWB). To separate localization signal and communication signal and to increase communication data rate, several multiplexing techniques based on the principle of multiple modulation techniques and multiple access such as PPM, the OAM, the 2πM, and DS-CDMA have been developed. Theoretical studies combined with simulations were performed to evaluate and compare these techniques in term of binary error rate and data rate communication. Theoretical results and simulations of the proposed system have been validated by experiments conducted in a real environment