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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiant warmer'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Marks, Keith H., Elizabeth E. Nardis, and Malik A. Momin. "1448 GROWTH UNDER RADIANT WARMER (RW)." Pediatric Research 19, no. 4 (April 1985): 352A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-01472.

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2

Zvonicek, V., and D. Zvonickova. "The perioperative comparison of efficacy of forced air warmer and radiant warmer." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 23, Supplement 37 (June 2006): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003643-200606001-00154.

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3

Myron, Monica M., Theresa Ann Garner, Christine Marie Novak, Ashley René Koblentz, Sharon Kay Kline, and Jaclyn Pastena Grieco. "Skin-to-Skin Contact, the New Radiant Warmer." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 46, no. 3 (June 2017): S47—S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2017.04.092.

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4

John, Renjana Rebecca, Sabitha Nayak, and Shiney Paul. "Comparison of Radiant Warmer Care and Kangaroo Mother Care Shortly after Birth on the Neurobehavioral Responses of the Newborn." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 3, no. 1 (2011): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1127.

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ABSTRACT Background of the study In 1978, kangaroo mother care (KMC) was proposed as a caring alternative for low birth weight infants. The method of skin to skin contact has shown physiologic, cognitive and emotional gains for preterm infant, however, kangaroo mother care has not been studied adequately in term newborns. The present study reporting early outcomes of comparing the kangaroo mother care to radiant warmer care. Objectives of the study: • To assess the neurobehavioral response of the newborn during radiant warmer care (RWC) and kangaroo mother care • The effect of radiant warmer care and kangaroo mother care on neurobehavioral response of the newborn. Methods A quasi-experimental post-test design was used in this study to compare the effect of kangaroo mother care and radiant warmer care on neurobehavioral response of term newborn. A total of 40 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were randomized—20 to KMC and 20 to RWC by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by using the following tools: 1. Observational check list 2. Modified Brazelton Behavioral Assessment Scale. Results Both study groups were similar regarding all physiologic state variables. There is a slight difference in the behavioral state, the mean behavioral response scores of the RWC and KMC were 5.6500 and 5.9500 respectively, and the mean difference was 0.300. Interpretation and conclusion: The findings of the study showed that kangaroo mother care seems to influence state organization and physiologic state regulation of the newborn infant shortly after birth.

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5

Baghel, Devesh K., Shobha L. Sinha, and Satish K. Dewangan. "Numerical analysis of heat transfer under a radiant warmer." Heat Transfer 49, no. 4 (March 13, 2020): 2406–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.21728.

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6

Fic, Anna M., Derek B. Ingham, Maciej K. Ginalski, Andrzej J. Nowak, and Luiz C. Wrobel. "Modelling and optimisation of the operation of a radiant warmer." Medical Engineering & Physics 36, no. 1 (January 2014): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.10.003.

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7

Vardanjans, R., V. Halameida, and L. Cirule. "A Comparative Study of Air Flow Value over the Infant Radiant Warmer Bed." Applied Science and Innovative Research 5, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): p55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v5n2p55.

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Radiant warmers are widely used in hospital neonatal care departments. Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of infant radiant warmers are regulated by EN 60601-2-21:2009 + A1:2016. This standard doesn’t include the maximal air flow value over the infant bed while the standard 60601-2-19:2009 describes the maximal air flow values for incubators. This study shows fluctuation of the air flow over the infant bed and it leads to think, that a more preventive care of infants ambient is needed in the system. Authors have investigated the impact of air barriers on direct air flow value. Studies show that barriers can significantly decrease air flow over infant’s bed and potentially lower infant’s t heat losses by convection on infant bed.

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8

Trevisanuto, Daniele, Ivano Coretti, Nicoletta Doglioni, Angelo Udilano, Francesco Cavallin, and Vincenzo Zanardo. "Effective temperature under radiant infant warmer: Does the device make a difference?" Resuscitation 82, no. 6 (June 2011): 720–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.02.019.

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9

Baumgart, Stephen. "Infrared Eye Injury Not due to Radiant Warmer Use in Premature Neonates." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 147, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160290071029.

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10

Trevisanuto, D., I. Coretti, N. Doglioni, A. Udilano, R. Bacchin, and V. Zanardo. "955 Temperature Under Radiant Infant Warmer: Is it Influenced by the Utilized Device?" Pediatric Research 68 (November 2010): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-201011001-00955.

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11

George, Geetha, and Satish Mishra. "Routine axillary temperature monitoring in neonates cared under radiant warmer — is it necessary?" Indian Journal of Pediatrics 76, no. 12 (December 2009): 1281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-009-0234-7.

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12

Fic, Anna M., Derek B. Ingham, Maciej K. Ginalski, Andrzej J. Nowak, and Luiz Wrobel. "Heat and mass transfer under an infant radiant warmer—development of a numerical model." Medical Engineering & Physics 32, no. 5 (June 2010): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.02.021.

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13

Baghel, Devesh Kumar, Shobha Lata Sinha, and Satish Kumar Dewangan. "Numerical assessment of heat transfer coefficient for preterm infant nursed under a radiant warmer." Heat Transfer 50, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 4708–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.22097.

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14

Altimier, Leslie, Barbara Warner, Stephanie Amlung, and Carole Kenner. "Neonatal Thermoregulation: Bed Surface Transfers." Neonatal Network 18, no. 4 (June 1999): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.18.4.35.

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Purpose: To describe temperature changes that occur in preterm infants following bed surface transfers.Design: The design was descriptive.Sample: The convenience sample was comprised of 20 preterm infants (<1,500 gm birth weight).Main outcome variable: Temperature stability after a bed transfer (i.e., radiant warmer to incubator) was the main outcome variable.Results: There were no significant differences in temperatures after bed surface transfer. However, the temperatures one hour after bed surface transfer were lower than baseline temperature before bed surface transfer.

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15

Maayan-Metzger, A., G. Yosipovitch, E. Hadad, and L. Sirota. "Effect of Radiant Warmer on Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) and Skin Hydration in Preterm Infants." Journal of Perinatology 24, no. 6 (April 8, 2004): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7211107.

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16

Torres, Maritza, Ruth Everett, Nelson Claure, Tilo Gerhardt, and Eduardo Bancalari. "Which Is the Thermoneutral Environment of the Full Term Infant Cared for Under Radiant Warmer?" Pediatric Research 45, no. 4, Part 2 of 2 (April 1999): 229A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199904020-01362.

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17

Jin, Aiguo, Haixiao Wu, Haosheng Zhu, Hua Hua, and Yanhai Hu. "Design of temperature control system for infant radiant warmer based on Kalman filter-fuzzy PID." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1684 (November 2020): 012140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1684/1/012140.

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18

Molgat-Seon, Y., T. Daboval, S. Chou, and O. Jay. "Accidental overheating of a newborn under an infant radiant warmer: a lesson for future use." Journal of Perinatology 33, no. 9 (August 29, 2013): 738–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jp.2013.32.

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19

Dey, Kollol, and Ujjwal Kumar Deb. "Modeling and Simulation of Heat Transfer Phenomenon from Infant Radiant Warmer for a Newborn Baby." Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 09, no. 02 (2021): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2021.92007.

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20

Lane-Serff, G. F., and S. D. Sandbach. "Emptying non-adiabatic filling boxes: the effects of heat transfers on the fluid dynamics of natural ventilation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 701 (May 23, 2012): 386–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.164.

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AbstractA model for steady flow in a ventilated space containing a heat source is developed, taking account of the main heat transfers at the upper and lower boundaries. The space has an opening at low level, allowing cool ambient air to enter the space, and an opening near the ceiling, allowing warm air to leave the space. The flow is driven by the temperature contrast between the air inside and outside the space (natural ventilation). Conductive heat transfer through the ceiling and radiant heat transfer from the ceiling to the floor are incorporated into the model, to investigate how these heat transports affect the flow and temperature distribution within the space. In the steady state, a layer of warm air occupies the upper part of the space, with the lower part of the space filled with cooler air (although this is warmer than the ambient air when the radiant transfer from ceiling to floor is included). Suitable scales are derived for the heat transfers, so that their relative importance can be characterized. Explicit relationships are found between the height of the interface, the opening area and the relative size of the heat transfers. Increasing heat conduction leads to a lowering of the interface height, while the inclusion of the radiant transfer tends to increase the interface height. Both of these effects are relatively small, but the effect on the temperatures of the layers is significant. Conductive heat transfer through the upper boundary leads to a significant lowering of the temperature in the space as a proportion of the injected heat flux is taken out of the space by conduction rather than advection. Radiative transfer from the ceiling to floor results in the lower layer becoming warmer than the ambient air. The results of the model are compared with full-scale laboratory results and a more complex unsteady model, and are shown to give results that are much more accurate than models which ignore the heat transfers.

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21

Thavaraj, Vasantha, Siddarth Ramji, OrugantiSankara Sastry, and NavNidhi Sharma. "Solar powered baby/infant radiant warmer installed in neonatal intensive care unit in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Journal of Clinical Neonatology 6, no. 1 (2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2249-4847.199760.

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22

Meyer, M. P., M. J. Payton, A. Salmon, C. Hutchinson, and A. de Klerk. "A Clinical Comparison of Radiant Warmer and Incubator Care for Preterm Infants From Birth to 1800 Grams." PEDIATRICS 108, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.108.2.395.

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23

Meyer, M. P., and G. T. Bold. "Admission temperatures following radiant warmer or incubator transport for preterm infants <28 weeks: a randomised study." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 92, no. 4 (January 24, 2007): F295—F297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2006.107128.

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24

Zaylaa, Amira J., Mohamad Rashid, Mounir Shaib, and Imad El Majzoub. "A Handy Preterm Infant Incubator for Providing Intensive Care: Simulation, 3D Printed Prototype, and Evaluation." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018 (May 10, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8937985.

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Preterm infants encounter an abrupt delivery before their complete maturity during the third trimester of pregnancy. Polls anticipate an increase in the rates of preterm infants for 2025, especially in middle- and low-income countries. Despite the abundance of intensive care methods for preterm infants, such as, but not limited to, commercial, transport, embrace warmer, radiant warmer, and Kangaroo Mother Care methods, they are either expensive, lack the most essential requirements or specifications, or lack the maternal-preterm bond. This drove us to carry this original research and innovative idea of developing a new 3D printed prototype of a Handy preterm infant incubator. We aim to provide the most indispensable intensive care with the lowest cost, to bestow low-income countries with the Handy incubator’s care, preserve the maternal -preterm’s bond, and diminish the rate of mortality. Biomedical features, electronics, and biocompatible materials were utilized. The design was simulated, the prototype was 3D printed, and the outcomes were tested and evaluated. Simulation results showed the best fit for the Handy incubator’s components. Experimental results showed the 3D-printed prototype and the time elapsed to obtain it. Evaluation results revealed that the overall performance of Kangaroo Mother Care and the embrace warmer was 75 ± 1.4% and 66.7 ± 1.5%, respectively, while the overall performance of our Handy incubator was 91.7 ± 1.6%, thereby our cost-effective Handy incubator surpassed existing intensive care methods. The future step is associating the Handy incubator with more specifications and advancements.

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25

Bengtsson, Lennart, Kevin I. Hodges, Symeon Koumoutsaris, Matthias Zahn, and Paul Berrisford. "The Changing Energy Balance of the Polar Regions in a Warmer Climate." Journal of Climate 26, no. 10 (May 8, 2013): 3112–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00233.1.

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Abstract Energy fluxes for polar regions are examined for two 30-yr periods, representing the end of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, using data from high-resolution simulations with the ECHAM5 climate model. The net radiation to space for the present climate agrees well with data from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) over the northern polar region but shows an underestimation in planetary albedo for the southern polar region. This suggests there are systematic errors in the atmospheric circulation or in the net surface energy fluxes in the southern polar region. The simulation of the future climate is based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A1B scenario. The total energy transport is broadly the same for the two 30-yr periods, but there is an increase in the moist energy transport on the order of 6 W m−2 and a corresponding reduction in the dry static energy. For the southern polar region the proportion of moist energy transport is larger and the dry static energy correspondingly smaller for both periods. The results suggest a possible mechanism for the warming of the Arctic that is discussed. Changes between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the northern polar region show the net ocean surface radiation flux in summer increases ~18 W m−2 (24%). For the southern polar region the response is different as there is a decrease in surface solar radiation. It is suggested that this is caused by changes in cloudiness associated with the poleward migration of the storm tracks.

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26

Kadam, V. Rao, D. Moyes, and J. L. Moran. "Relative Efficiency of Two Warming Devices during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 37, no. 3 (May 2009): 464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0903700301.

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Intraoperative hypothermia is a known consequence of general anaesthesia. Forced air warming devices are commonly used to prevent hypothermia in anaesthesia, but there are limited data on the use of radiant warming devices. Previous trials comparing the efficacy of forced air and radiant warming devices have reported discordant results. The current study evaluated the efficacy of these devices during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, where surgery was expected to last >60 minutes. Twenty-nine patients were randomised to either a forced air warming device (Warm-touch™; group 1, n=15) or a radiant warming device applied to the face (Sun-touch™; group 2, n=14). All fluids were given via a standardised fluid warmer set at 41°C. Oesophageal temperature was measured every 15 minutes until the end of the procedure. Between-group, over-time temperatures and interaction were analysed using a linear mixed model. Statistical significance was ascribed at P ≤0.05. The median (range) time of surgery was 90 (60 to 180) minutes. Mean (SD) oesophageal temperatures in the Warm-touch and Sun-touch groups were at 15 minutes 36.2 (0.30)°C and 36.2 (0.57)°C, and at 90 minutes 36.2 (0.44)°C and 35.9 (0.29)°C respectively. There was no statistically significant temperature difference between groups (P=0.69) or over time (P=0.61), and no interaction between time and treatment group (P=0.97). Postoperative headache was recorded in four Sun-touch and no Warm-touch patients (P=0.04). No difference in the efficacy of the Sun-touch warming device compared with the Warm-touch was demonstrated. Operational-mode side-effects may limit the use of the Sun-touch device.

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27

Meyer, M. P. "243 Admission Temperature After Transport from Delivery to Nursery: A Randomised Trial Comparing Radiant Warmer and Incubator in Preterm Infants." Pediatric Research 58, no. 2 (August 2005): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-200508000-00272.

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28

Bhatt, Dilip R., Nirupa Reddy, Reynaldo Ruiz, Darla V. Bustos, Torria Peacock, Roman-Angelo Dizon, Sunjeeve Weerasinghe, David X. Braun, and Rangasamy Ramanathan. "Perinatal quality improvement bundle to decrease hypothermia in extremely low birthweight infants with birth weight less than 1000 g: single-center experience over 6 years." Journal of Investigative Medicine 68, no. 7 (July 19, 2020): 1256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2020-001334.

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Normothermia (36.5°C–37. 5°C) at the time of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants (birth weight <1000 g) is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality, decreased length of stay and hospital costs. We designed a thermoregulation bundle to decrease hypothermia (<36.5°C) in ELBW infants with a multidisciplinary perinatal quality improvement initiative that included the following key interventions: dedicated delivery room (DR)/operating room (OR) for all preterm deliveries of ≤32 weeks with DR/OR temperature set 24/7 at 74°F by the hospital engineering staff, use of exothermic mattress, preheated radiant warmer set at 100% for heat prior to delivery, servo-controlled mode after the neonate is placed on the warmer, and use of plastic wrap, head cap and warm towels. A total of 200 ELBW infants were admitted to our NICU between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2019. Hypothermia (<36.5°C) occurred in 2.5% of infants, normothermia (36.5°C–37.5°C) in 91% of infants and transitional hyperthermia (>37.5°C) in 6.5% of ELBW infants. No case of moderate hypothermia (32°C–36°C) was seen in our infants. Our target rate of less than 10% hypothermia was reached in ELBW infants over the last 2 years with no cases of moderate hypothermia in 6 years. Eliminating hypothermia among ELBW remains a challenge and requires team effort and continuous quality improvement efforts.

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29

Yadav, Surbhi, Shamshad Ahmad, Mahendra Kumar, S. K. Yadav, P. K. Garg, and Roma Bahteja. "Monitoring and evaluation of intranatal facilities at community health centre level in Siddharth Nagar district." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 3478. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183084.

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Background: Despite WHO and UNICEF are leaving no stone unturn to promote breastfeeding in health facilities globally, there is poor status of breastfeeding in rural India till today. in 2012, U.P had one of the poorest maternal and neonatal health outcomes in India. Assessment the implementation of practice of skin to skin contact and early initiation of breastfeeding.Methods: It was a descriptive longitudinal study. This study was carried out in CHC Khisraha and CHC Mithwal in Siddharthnagar, over a period of 3 months. All pregnant women admitted for normal delivery during data collection period and had positive outcome was our study sample. A total of 101 samples were observed and interviewed.Results: Most of the beneficiaries were from age group 20-22 years (46.5%). Pre-term delivery was high (26.7%) in present study. Only in 12% of cases radiant warmer were switched on 20-30 minutes before delivery. Only 3% of babies born were dried with pre-warmed towel/cloth. Practice of skin to skin contact was observed in 97% of cases. Only in 18.8% of cases babies followed breast crawl. All babies were given pre-lacteal feed. Only in 8.9% of cases initiation of breastfeeding was done within 30 minutes.Conclusions: Supportive supervision of staff nurses for STS contact and BF initiation is needed. Counselling and training of ASHA worker about benefits of early BF and STS contact for both mother and baby.

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30

Yeom, Gyuhwan, Dong Eun Jung, and Sung Lok Do. "Improving a Heating Supply Water Temperature Control for Radiant Floor Heating Systems in Korean High-Rise Residential Buildings." Sustainability 11, no. 14 (July 18, 2019): 3926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11143926.

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The number of domestic apartment houses in South Korea that use district heating is steadily increasing. In addition, most Korean residential buildings use radiant floor heating systems. For such systems, the heating water temperature supplied by a heat exchanger in a mechanical room serves as one of the critical control parameters for providing heat to individual residential apartments. Fixed temperature (FT) and outdoor temperature reset control (OTR) have conventionally been used to adjust the heating supply water temperature. However, both control methods have a major technical weakness; they do not reflect changes in residents’ heating use. To overcome this issue, this study proposes a new method for controlling the heating supply water temperature, called Residential Energy Demand (RED). To verify the proposed method, researchers conducted both simulation- and experiment-based tests. The RED control method achieved about 4% reduction in heating energy consumption compared to the conventional OTR control process. In addition, the RED control method increased the average indoor temperature by 0.17 °C during the heating period. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the proposed control method is capable of achieving energy savings and a warmer thermal indoor environment.

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31

Seguin, John. "RELATIVE HUMIDITY(RH), TEMPERATURE(T), AND DISTURBANCE RESPONSE UNDER A RADIANT WARMER(RW) ARE AFFECTED BY SUPPLEMENTAL AIR TEMPERATURE AND FLOW.† 1449." Pediatric Research 39 (April 1996): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199604001-01472.

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32

Taylor, Patrick C. "Tropical Outgoing Longwave Radiation and Longwave Cloud Forcing Diurnal Cycles from CERES." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 3652–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-088.1.

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Abstract The diurnal cycle is a fundamental earth system variability driven by daily variations in solar insolation. Understanding diurnal variability is important for characterizing top-of-atmosphere and surface energy budgets. Climatological and seasonal first diurnal cycle harmonics of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and longwave cloud forcing (LWCF) are investigated using the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) synoptic 3-hourly data. A comparison with previous studies indicates generally similar results. However, the results indicate that the CERES OLR diurnal cycle amplitudes are 10%–20% larger in desert regions than previous analyses. This difference results from the temporal interpolation technique overestimating the daily maximum OLR. OLR diurnal cycle amplitudes in other tropical regions agree with previous work. Results show that the diurnal maximum and minimum OLR variability contributes equally to the total OLR variance over ocean; however, over land the diurnal maximum OLR variance contributes at least 50% more to the total OLR variability than the minimum OLR. The differences in maximum and minimum daily OLR variability are largely due to differences in surface temperature standard deviations at these times, about 5–6 and 3–4 K, respectively. The OLR variance at diurnal maximum and minimum is also influenced by negative and positive correlations, respectively, between LWCF and clear-sky OLR. The anticorrelation between LWCF and clear-sky OLR at diurnal OLR maximum indicates smaller cloud fractions at warmer surface temperatures. The relationship between LWCF and clear-sky OLR at diurnal minimum OLR appears to result from a preference for deep convection, more high clouds, and larger LWCF values to occur with warmer surface temperatures driving a narrower diurnal minimum OLR distribution.

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33

Smith, Jacqueline, Kim Usher, Gary Alcock, and Petra Buettner. "Application of Plastic Wrap to Improve Temperatures in Infants Born Less Than 30 Weeks Gestation: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Neonatal Network 32, no. 4 (2013): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.32.4.235.

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Purpose: The primary aim of the study was to evaluate whether the application of a plastic wrap immediately after birth is more effective than the standard care of temperature management for improving admission temperatures to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in infants <30 weeks gestation.Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Infants in the intervention group were transferred to a prewarmed radiant heater immediately after birth and encased in NeoWrap from the neck down without being dried. The infant’s head was dried with a prewarmed towel and a hat added. The control group received usual care for the unit; the infant was transferred to the prewarmed radiant warmer and dried, and warm towels and a hat are then applied.Sample: A total of 92 infants were analyzed: 49 in the control group and 43 in the intervention group; 48 (52.2 percent) were <27 weeks gestation, and 44 (47.8 percent) were <30 weeks gestation. The infants’ temperatures were assessed for two hours following admission.Main Outcome Variable: The application of a plastic wrap and hat significantly increased NICU admission temperature in infants <30 weeks gestation.Results: Of the 92 infants, 43 (51.2 percent <27 weeks and 48.8 percent <30 weeks) were randomized to the experimental group and 49 (53.1 percent <27 weeks and 46.9 percent <30 weeks) to the control group. The mean first temperature was 36.15°C (SD = 0.85) for intervention and 35.81°C (SD = 0.91) for control infants (p=.074); whereas the respective admission temperatures were 36.26°C (SD = 0.68; n = 42) and 35.79°C (SD = 0.77; n = 44; p=.004). The mean temperature of the infants rose steadily from the time of birth to two hours follow-up in both the intervention (36.15°–37.03°C; SD = 0.49; n = 40) and control groups (35.81°–36.75°C; SD = 0.70; n = 47; p<.001, respectively).

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34

Han, Guoqing, Changming Dong, Junde Li, Jingsong Yang, Qingyue Wang, Yu Liu, and Joel Sommeria. "SST Anomalies in the Mozambique Channel Using Remote Sensing and Numerical Modeling Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11091112.

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Based on both satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature (SST) data and numerical model results, SST warming differences in the Mozambique Channel (MC) west of the Madagascar Island (MI) were found with respect to the SST east of the MI along the same latitude. The mean SST west of the MI is up to about 3.0 °C warmer than that east of the MI. The SST differences exist all year round and the maximum value appears in October. The area of the highest SST is located in the northern part of the MC. Potential factors causing the SST anomalies could be sea surface wind, heat flux and oceanic flow advection. The presence of the MI results in weakening wind in the MC and in turn causes weakening of the mixing in the upper oceans, thus the surface mixed layer depth becomes shallower. There is more precipitation on the east of the MI than that inside the MC because of the orographic effects. Different precipitation patterns and types of clouds result in different solar radiant heat fluxes across both sides of the MI. Warm water advected from the equatorial area also contribute to the SST warm anomalies.

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35

Jahan, Nishat, Md Mahbubul Hoque, and MAK Azad Chowdhury. "Effects of Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care in Preterm Low Birth Weight Babies: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital Journal 36, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dshj.v36i2.54388.

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Background: Prematurity is the largest cause of neonatal mortality. They need incubators or radiant warmers which are expensive and very difficult to arrange in a resource constraint country. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) had been proposed as an alternative to conventional neonatal care for low birthweight (LBW) babies. Objectives: To observe the benefits of Kangaroo mother care in preterm low birth weight babies. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted over 6 months in Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Neonates who were <1800 gm and hemodynamically stable were enrolled. Total 80 neonates were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: Kangaroo mother care group and conventional method care group (incubator/warmer). The mother or caregiver were taught for KMC, supervised by trained nurses round the clock. KMC was given at least 2 hours at a time and at least 12 hours in a day. When the baby was not in KMC at that time the baby was placed in cot with adequate coverings. During hospital stay both the groups were monitored. Results: In KMC group 25% and conventional care group 40% neonates became hypothermic. Among the study population 35% neonates in KMC and 65% neonates in conventional care groups developed sepsis (p= 0.007). More KMC babies were exclusively breastfed at the end of the study (95% vs 60%). The KMC babies had shown better growth: weight gain per day (18.35±7.81 grams vs 13.55±4.89 p<0.001) and length (0.99±0.70 vs 0.71±0.44 cm, p = 0.03). KMC babies were discharged earlier than conventional care baby. Conclusion: KMC provides significant improvement in exclusive breast feeding, reduction of infection, decrease hospital stay and gaining weight of the babies. It also helps in maintaining temperature better than conventional care. DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 107-113

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Yan Law, Brenda Hiu, Po-Yin Cheung, Sylvia van Os, Caroline Fray, and Georg Schmölzer. "Effect of Monitor Placement on Situational Awareness and Visual Attention in Simulated Neonatal Resuscitations." Paediatrics & Child Health 23, suppl_1 (May 18, 2018): e28-e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxy054.074.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Decision-making in neonatal resuscitation depends on clinical evaluation, oxygen saturation and heart-rate. However, the position of vital signs monitors varies between institutions and might lead to obstructed or difficult to see displays, which might affect Health Care Provider (HCP) performance. OBJECTIVES To compare Situation Awareness (SA), Neonatal Resuscitation (NRP) checklist score, Visual Attention (VA) and participant satisfaction during simulated neonatal resuscitations using two vital signs monitors locations. DESIGN/METHODS NRP-trained HCPs were recruited from a tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and randomized to either central (eye-level on the radiant warmer) or peripheral (left of the warmer) monitor placement. Following an orientation scenario, each HCP lead a resuscitation requiring intubation and chest compressions with a high-fidelity manikin (Newborn HAL, Gaumard Scientific, Miami, FL) and a standardized assistant. Each scenario was paused at 3 predetermined points and the HCP was asked 5 SA questions at each pause, per the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Tool (SAGAT) format. Simulations were video-recorded to analyze SAGAT responses and performance rating using a modified NRP checklist. VA was recorded using eye-tracking glasses (Tobii Pro, Tobii Technology Inc., Falls Church, VA) worn by participants. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test. A post-simulation survey examined user preference. RESULTS We randomized 30 HCPs; all were analyzed for SA and NRP checklist scores. Twenty-two eye-tracking recordings were of sufficient quality and analyzed. SAGAT scores (median 11/15 vs. 12/15, p=0.52) and NRP Checklist Scores (median 46/50, p=0.75) were similar between groups. Distribution of VA was also similar in both groups. In the post-simulation survey, all HCPs found central monitor placement convenient, compared with only 8/15 in peripheral placement. CONCLUSION During simulated neonatal resuscitation, HCPs found central monitor placement more convenient. However, no differences in accuracy of situation awareness responses, NRP checklist scores, or visual attention were found. Hi-fidelity simulation, SAGAT, and eye-tracking can be used to evaluate physical ergonomics of neonatal resuscitation.

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Tett, Simon F. B., Michael J. Mineter, Coralia Cartis, Daniel J. Rowlands, and Ping Liu. "Can Top-of-Atmosphere Radiation Measurements Constrain Climate Predictions? Part I: Tuning." Journal of Climate 26, no. 23 (December 2013): 9348–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00595.1.

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Perturbed physics configurations of version 3 of the Hadley Centre Atmosphere Model (HadAM3) driven with observed sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice were tuned to outgoing radiation observations using a Gauss–Newton line search optimization algorithm to adjust the model parameters. Four key parameters that previous research found affected climate sensitivity were adjusted to several different target values including two sets of observations. The observations used were the global average reflected shortwave radiation (RSR) and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System instruments combined with observations of ocean heat content. Using the same method, configurations were also generated that were consistent with the earlier Earth Radiation Budget Experiment results. Many, though not all, tuning experiments were successful, with about 2500 configurations being generated and the changes in simulated outgoing radiation largely due to changes in clouds. Clear-sky radiation changes were small, largely due to a cancellation between changes in upper-tropospheric relative humidity and temperature. Changes in other climate variables are strongly related to changes in OLR and RSR particularly on large scales. There appears to be some equifinality with different parameter configurations producing OLR and RSR values close to observed values. These models have small differences in their climatology with the one group being similar to the standard configuration and the other group drier in the tropics and warmer everywhere.

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Ramesh, Shanthi, and S. Sundari. "Effect of kangaroo mother care on the growth and morbidity pattern of low birth weight infants: a hospital based cross sectional study." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20200583.

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Background: Kangaroo mother care provides Low birth weight babies with warmth, protection from infection and increases the success of breast feeding. Babies who had received KMC care were found to have better neurologic outcome. The aim of the study is to compare the outcome of Kangaroo mother care and conventional method of care among Low birth weight babies in terms of growth and reduction of morbidities such as length of hospital stay, hypothermia and hypoglycemia.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 48 neonates with a birth weight of <2000 grams. Out of them 24 babies received KMC and the other 24 babies were given conventional care with a radiant warmer. The weight gain, length of hospital stay, occurrence of hypothermia and hypoglycaemia were monitored for all babies till discharge.Results: Babies who received KMC had a better weight gain (21.11±2.8 grams/day) versus (15.61±2.6 grams/day) those who received conventional care, and this was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). Kangaroo mother care provided a statistically significant reduction in the risk of having hypothermia (p=0.03) and hypoglycemia (p=0.04). The babies who received Kangaroo mother care had a shorter length of hospital stay and this was found to be statistically significant (p=0.03).Conclusions: Kangaroo mother care improved the growth and reduced the problems of low birth weight babies such as hypothermia, hypoglycaemia and prolonged hospital stay. Hence, it should be recommended in the care of all these high-risk neonates.

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Maloney, Shane K., Duncan Mitchell, Graham Mitchell, and Andrea Fuller. "Absence of selective brain cooling in unrestrained baboons exposed to heat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 292, no. 5 (May 2007): R2059—R2067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00809.2006.

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To test whether baboons are capable of implementing selective brain cooling, we measured, every 5 min, the temperature in their hypothalamus, carotid arterial bloodstream, and abdominal cavity. The baboons were unrestrained and exposed to 22°C for 7 days and then to a cyclic environment with 15°C at night and 35°C during the day for a further 7 days. During the latter 7 days some of the baboons also were exposed to radiant heat during the day. For three days, during heat exposure, water was withheld. At no time was the hypothalamus cooler than carotid arterial blood, despite brain temperatures above 40°C. With little variation, the hypothalamus was consistently 0.5°C warmer than arterial blood. At high body temperatures, the hypothalamus was sometimes cooler than the abdomen. Abdominal temperature was more variable than arterial blood and tended to exceed arterial blood temperature at higher body temperatures. Hypothalamic temperature cooler than a warm abdomen is not evidence for selective brain cooling. In species that can implement selective brain cooling, the brain is most likely to be cooler than carotid arterial blood when an animal is hyperthermic, during heat exposure, and also dehydrated and undisturbed by human presence. When we exposed baboons to high ambient temperatures while they were water deprived and undisturbed, they never implemented selective brain cooling. We conclude that baboons cannot implement selective brain cooling and can find no convincing evidence that any primate species can do so.

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Law, Brenda Hiu Yan, Po-Yin Cheung, Sylvia van Os, Caroline Fray, and Georg M. Schmölzer. "Effect of monitor positioning on visual attention and situation awareness during neonatal resuscitation: a randomised simulation study." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 105, no. 3 (August 2, 2019): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-316992.

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ObjectivesTo compare situation awareness (SA), visual attention (VA) and protocol adherence in simulated neonatal resuscitations using two different monitor positions.DesignRandomised controlled simulation study.SettingsSimulation lab at the Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Canada.ParticipantsHealthcare providers (HCPs) with Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) certification within the last 2 years and trained in neonatal endotracheal intubations.InterventionHCPs were randomised to either central (eye-level on the radiant warmer) or peripheral (above eye-level, wall-mounted) monitor positions. Each led a complex resuscitation with a high-fidelity mannequin and a standardised assistant. To measure SA, situation awareness global assessment tool (SAGAT) was used, where simulations were paused at three predetermined points, with five questions asked each pause. Videos were analysed for SAGAT and adherence to a NRP checklist. Eye-tracking glasses recorded participants’ VA.Main outcome measureThe main outcome was SA as measured by composite SAGAT score. Secondary outcomes included VA and adherence to NRP checklist.ResultsThirty simulations were performed; 29 were completed per protocol and analysed. Twenty-two eye-tracking recordings were of sufficient quality and analysed. Median composite SAGAT was 11.5/15 central versus 11/15 peripheral, p=0.56. Checklist scores 46/50 central versus 46/50 peripheral, p=0.75. Most VA was directed at the mannequin (30.6% central vs 34.1% peripheral, p=0.76), and the monitor (28.7% central vs 20.5% peripheral, p=0.06).ConclusionsSimulation, SAGAT and eye-tracking can be used to evaluate human factors of neonatal resuscitation. During simulated neonatal resuscitation, monitor position did not affect SA, VA or protocol adherence.

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Panraluk, Chorpech, and Atch Sreshthaputra. "Thermal Comfort of the Elderly in Public Health Service Buildings of Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 878 (February 2018): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.878.173.

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Thermal comfort of the Thai elderly in air-conditioned space. The quantitative evaluation was conducted using 163 senior participants while recording their expressed satisfaction within the thermal environment in four public health service buildings in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. It revealed that for the Thai elderly, the Predicted Mean Vote could not be used to identify the Thermal Sensation Vote. In addition, the results of this study indicated that personal factors, such as gender, age, and underlying disease correlating affect their Thermal Sensation Vote. Perhaps most significantly, a coincidental finding was that the thermal sensation of the Thai elderly was strongly dependent upon the condition of the occupant’s metabolic syndrome, which belonged to the Non-Communicable Disease group. This study assumed that in the elderly, the metabolic syndrome might have an effect on their metabolic rate (as one of the six factors of thermal comfort). In terms of the environmental factors, the on-site environmental data was collected via field works. It found that the air-conditioned spaces had mean radiant temperatures of 23.20-31.40 °C, this condition would make seniors feel comfortable if the thermal environment in the study areas were controlled: air temperature 23.00-27.80 °C, relative humidity 54.00-73.00% and air velocity 0.08-0.72 m/s. However, some elderly wanted to change this thermal environment to either cooler (10.68%) or warmer (4.85%). Therefore, it should be further study to find the proper thermal environment for covering the most of the seniors in Thailand.

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Joshi, Neha S., Kimber Padua, Jules Sherman, Douglas Schwandt, Lillian Sie, Arun Gupta, Louis P. Halamek, and Henry C. Lee. "A Feasibility Study of a Novel Delayed Cord Clamping Cart." Children 8, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8050357.

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Delaying umbilical cord clamping (DCC) for 1 min or longer following a neonate’s birth has now been recommended for preterm and term newborns by multiple professional organizations. DCC has been shown to decrease rates of iron deficiency anemia, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and blood transfusion. Despite these benefits, clinicians typically cut the umbilical cord without delay in neonates requiring resuscitation and move them to a radiant warmer for further care; this effectively prevents these patients from receiving any benefits from DCC. This study evaluated the feasibility of a delayed cord clamping cart (DCCC) in low-risk neonates born via Cesarean section (CS). The DCCC is a small, sterile cart designed to facilitate neonatal resuscitation while the umbilical cord remains intact. The cart is cantilevered over the operating room (OR) table during a CS, allowing the patient to be placed onto it immediately after birth. For this study, a sample of 20 low-risk CS cases were chosen from the non-emergency Labor and Delivery surgical case list. The DCCC was utilized for 1 min of DCC in all neonates. The data collected included direct observation by research team members, recorded debriefings and surveys of clinicians as well as surveys of patients. Forty-four care team members participated in written surveys; of these, 16 (36%) were very satisfied, 12 (27%) satisfied, 13 (30%) neutral, and 3 (7%) were somewhat dissatisfied with use of the DCCC in the OR. Feedback was collected from all 20 patients, with 18 (90%) reporting that they felt safe with the device in use. This study provides support that utilizing a DCCC can facilitate DCC with an intact umbilical cord.

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Baumgart, Stephen. "Radiant Heat Loss versus Radiant Heat Gain in Premature Neonates under Radiant Warmers." Neonatology 57, no. 1 (1990): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000243147.

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NOBEL, JOEL J. "Mobile and stationary infant radiant warmers." Pediatric Emergency Care 10, no. 5 (October 1994): 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199410000-00018.

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MARAMKHAH, FARIBA. "Donʼt let radiant warmers overheat infants." Nursing 36, no. 3 (March 2006): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200603000-00020.

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Lin, Bing, Bruce A. Wielicki, Patrick Minnis, Lin Chambers, Kuan-Man Xu, Yongxiang Hu, and Alice Fan. "The Effect of Environmental Conditions on Tropical Deep Convective Systems Observed from the TRMM Satellite." Journal of Climate 19, no. 22 (November 15, 2006): 5745–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3940.1.

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Abstract This study uses measurements of radiation and cloud properties taken between January and August 1998 by three Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) instruments, the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) scanner, the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), and the Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS), to evaluate the variations of tropical deep convective systems (DCSs) with sea surface temperature and precipitation. The authors find that DCS precipitation efficiency increases with SST at a rate of ∼2% K−1. Despite increasing rainfall efficiency, the cloud areal coverage rises with SST at a rate of about 7% K−1 in the warm tropical seas. There, the boundary layer moisture supply for deep convection and the moisture transported to the upper troposphere for cirrus anvil cloud formation increase by ∼6.3% and ∼4.0% K−1, respectively. The changes in cloud formation efficiency, along with the increased transport of moisture available for cloud formation, likely contribute to the large rate of increasing DCS areal coverage. Although no direct observations are available, the increase of cloud formation efficiency with rising SST is deduced indirectly from measurements of changes in the ratio of DCS ice water path and boundary layer water vapor amount with SST. Besides the cloud areal coverage, DCS cluster effective sizes also increase with precipitation. Furthermore, other cloud properties, such as cloud total water and ice water paths, increase with SST. These changes in DCS properties will produce a negative radiative feedback for the earth’s climate system due to strong reflection of shortwave radiation by the DCS. These results significantly differ from some previously hypothesized dehydration scenarios for warmer climates, partially support the thermostat hypothesis but indicate a smaller magnitude of the negative feedback, and have great potential in testing current cloud-system-resolving models and convective parameterizations of general circulation models.

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Acharya, N., RR Singh, NK Bhatta, and P. Poudel. "Randomized Control Trial of Kangaroo Mother Care in Low Birth Weight Babies at a Tertiary Level Hospital." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 34, no. 1 (March 24, 2014): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.8960.

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Introduction: This study was conducted to compare the effect of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and conventional methods of care on weight gain, occurrence of hypothermia and apnea and duration of hospital stay among Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies. Materials and Methods: It was a randomized control trial conducted at a tertiary level hospital for a period of one year from June 2009 to May 2010. Total 126 stable LBW babies weighing less than 2000 gm and fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study. Neonates enrolled for the study were allocated to either KMC or control group using random number table. KMC group was subjected to Kangaroo mother care of at least six hours per day in not more than four sittings. In control group, babies were adequately clothed, covered and kept with their mother and if required were kept under radiant warmer. Recording of temperature in KMC group was done before, during and after KMC. In control group temperature was taken every 4 hours. Weighing of baby was done twice daily on electronic weighing scale. Results: Median daily weight gain (IQR) was 10 (6- 20) gm in KMC group as compared to 7 (0-10) gm in control group (p<0.001). Mean weight gain was 12.11±9.04 gm in KMC group as compared to 3.29±15.81 gm in control group (p<0.001). Incidence of hypothermia was more in control group (12.6%) as compared to KMC group (3.1%) (p=0.048). Duration of hospital stay was less in control group as compared to KMC group (p=0.015). Conclusion: LBW babies less than 2000 gm who receive KMC show better weight gain and have less incidence of hypothermia than those who do not receive KMC. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.8960 J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(1):18-23

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Sachan, Ravi, Himsweta Srivastava, Sushil Srivastava, Sanjeeta Behera, Promilla Agrawal, and Sunil Gomber. "Use of point of care quality improvement methodology to improve newborn care, immediately after birth, at a tertiary care teaching hospital, in a resource constraint setting." BMJ Open Quality 10, Suppl 1 (July 2021): e001445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001445.

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After birth, separation of mothers and newborn is a common practice in many hospitals in our country. After delivery, we take the normal newborn to the radiant warmer in the resuscitation area for routine care. This was the existing process of care at our hospital. The frontline delivery team undertook quality improvement initiative to understand and document factors creating challenges in delivering evidence-based practice of providing immediate skin-to-skin care (SSC), delayed cord clamp (DCC) and early breast feeding within 1 hour of birth. Some of the barriers identified were early newborn mother separation and late transfer of mother from delivery room to the observation area. Additionally, there was a challenge of high delivery load with variation in understanding and provision of SSC and drying on mother’s abdomen. These made sustenance of improved care practices difficult. Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) approach some successful change ideas tested were pre-delivery counselling, avoiding separation of mother and newborn at birth by providing SSC and continuing it in the post-delivery observation area and getting family member’s help in first breast feed. The delivery team adapted these successful change ideas by multiple iterations, group discussions and feedback. This resulted in improved and sustained compliance of pre-delivery counselling, SSC, DCC and initiating breast feed within 1 hour, from minimal compliance to a median compliance of 51%, 56%, 59% and 61%, respectively, over 36 months period. We undertook this quality improvement initiative at Delhi (India) at a tertiary care teaching hospital. The implementation of WHO recommended evidence-based practices benefitted more than 10 000 mother–newborn dyads annually over 2 years, using Point of Care Quality Improvement method. Implementation of evidence-based practice is possible in challenging situations using PDSA approach. The resultant contextualised processes are convenient and have better success at sustainability.

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Greer, Patricia Sennott. "Head Coverings for Newborns under Radiant Warmers." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 17, no. 4 (July 1988): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1988.tb00438.x.

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LeBlanc, Michael H. "Thermoregulation: Incubators, Radiant Warmers, Artificial Skins, and Body Hoods." Clinics in Perinatology 18, no. 3 (September 1991): 403–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30505-0.

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