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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiation hardening techniques'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Camplani, Alessandra, Seyedruhollah Shojaii, Hitesh Shrimali, Alberto Stabile, and Valentino Liberali. "CMOS IC radiation hardening by design." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 27, no. 2 (2014): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1402251c.

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Design techniques for radiation hardening of integrated circuits in commercial CMOS technologies are presented. Circuits designed with the proposed approaches are more tolerant to both total dose and to single event effects. The main drawback of the techniques for radiation hardening by design is the increase of silicon area, compared with a conventional design.

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Yu, Fa-Xin, Jia-Rui Liu, Zheng-Liang Huang, Hao Luo, and Zhe-Ming Lu. "Overview of Radiation Hardening Techniques for IC Design." Information Technology Journal 9, no. 6 (2010): 1068–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2010.1068.1080.

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Banteywalu, Solomon, Baseem Khan, Valentijn De Smedt, and Paul Leroux. "A Novel Modular Radiation Hardening Approach Applied to a Synchronous Buck Converter." Electronics 8, no. 5 (2019): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8050513.

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Radiation and extreme temperature are the main inhibitors for the use of electronic devices in space applications. Radiation challenges the normal and stable operation of DC-DC converters, used as power supply for onboard systems in satellites and spacecrafts. In this situation, special design techniques known as radiation hardening or radiation tolerant designs have to be employed. In this work, a module level design approach for radiation hardening is addressed. A module in this sense is a constituent of a digital controller, which includes an analog to digital converter (ADC), a digital pro

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Dressendorfer, Paul V. "Effects of radiation on microelectronics and techniques for hardening." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 40-41 (April 1989): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(89)90642-3.

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Mateos-Angulo, S., M. San-Miguel-Montesdeoca, D. Mayor-Duarte, S. L. Khemchandani, and J. del Pino. "SET analysis and radiation hardening techniques for CMOS LNA topologies." Semiconductor Science and Technology 33, no. 8 (2018): 085010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/aacff2.

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Agakhanyan, T. M. "Circuit-Design Techniques of Radiation Hardening for Monolithic Op Amps." Russian Microelectronics 33, no. 3 (2004): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:rumi.0000026176.67053.bb.

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Wang, Bi, Zhaohao Wang, Chunyan Hu, Yuanfu Zhao, Youguang Zhang, and Weisheng Zhao. "Radiation-Hardening Techniques for Spin Orbit Torque-MRAM Peripheral Circuitry." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 54, no. 11 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2018.2830701.

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Braga, Leo H. C., Suzana Domingues, Milton F. Rocha, et al. "Layout techniques for radiation hardening of standard CMOS active pixel sensors." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 57, no. 1-2 (2008): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-008-9183-8.

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Zolotarev, S. A., P. S. Savenia, K. A. Zhukov, and M. A. Sednina. "Method of non-destructive control of thickness and internal defectivity of the walls of metal pipe." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2020-3-28-33.

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The possibility of an accurate estimation of the pipe wall thickness measured directly from the reconstructed image of the pipe, reconstructed from only a few X-ray projections made in a limited viewing angle, is discussed. Since the effects of radiation scattering and X-ray beam hardening distort up to 50 % of the primary radiation, ignoring these effects leads to blurred images, strong artifacts, and inaccurate sizing. A computerized technique has been developed that takes into account the contribution of scattered radiation and the hardening of the X-ray beam. Iterative Bayesian reconstruct

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Matsubara, E., and P. Georgopoulos. "Diffuse scattering measurements with synchrotron radiation: instrumentation and techniques." Journal of Applied Crystallography 18, no. 6 (1985): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889885010585.

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The analysis of diffuse scattering from single crystalline specimens in the reflection mode has generally been acknowledged as a very powerful means of obtaining structural information on local atomic arrangements in disordered alloys, intermetallics and ceramics. However, owing to the low intensities encountered and the large number of measurements required for such an analysis, experiments have been extremely time consuming and few have been attempted. Synchrotron radiation makes it possible to conduct such experiments in a matter of hours and much higher quality data can be obtained than in

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Díez-Acereda, V., Sunil L. Khemchandani, J. del Pino, and S. Mateos-Angulo. "RHBD Techniques to Mitigate SEU and SET in CMOS Frequency Synthesizers." Electronics 8, no. 6 (2019): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060690.

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This paper presents a thorough study of radiation effects on a frequency synthesizer designed in a 0.18 μ m CMOS technology. In CMOS devices, the effect of a high energy particle impact can be modeled by a current pulse connected to the drain of the transistors. The effects of SET (single event transient) and SEU (single event upset) were analyzed connecting current pulses to the drains of all the transistors and analyzing the amplitude variations and phase shifts obtained at the output nodes. Following this procedure, the most sensitive circuits were detected. This paper proposes a combinatio

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Martín-Ortega, Alberto, Santiago Rodríguez, José R. de Mingo, et al. "Data Analysis and Results of the Radiation-Tolerant Collaborative Computer On-Board OPTOS CubeSat." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (February 12, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1425892.

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The current evolution of the space missions demands to increase the computing capacities of the on-board computer while reducing its power consumption. This requirement evolves faster than the ability of the manufacturers to develop better space-qualified processors. To meet the strong requirements, the National Institute of Aerospace Technology has developed a distributed on-board computer based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS). This computer, named OPTOS, provides enhanced computational capacities with respect to what computers of other small satellites typically provide. To maintain the r

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Sarker, Md Arifur R., Seungwoo Jung, Adrian Ildefonso, et al. "Mitigation of Single-Event Effects in SiGe-HBT Current-Mode Logic Circuits." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092581.

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It has been known that negative feedback loops (internal and external) in a SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) DC current mirrors improve single-event transient (SET) response; both the peak transient current and the settling time significantly decrease. In the present work, we demonstrate how radiation hardening by design (RHBD) techniques utilized in DC bias blocks only (current mirrors) can also improve the SET response in AC signal paths of switching circuits (e.g., current-mode logic, CML) without any additional hardening in those AC signal paths. Four CML circuits both with an

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Brichard, B., A. Fernandez Fernandez, H. Ooms, et al. "Radiation-hardening techniques of dedicated optical fibres used in plasma diagnostic systems in ITER." Journal of Nuclear Materials 329-333 (August 2004): 1456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.159.

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Girard, Sylvain, Marilena Vivona, Arnaud Laurent, et al. "Radiation hardening techniques for Er/Yb doped optical fibers and amplifiers for space application." Optics Express 20, no. 8 (2012): 8457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.008457.

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Kuleshova, E. A., S. V. Fedotova, B. A. Gurovich, et al. "Investigation of irradiated metal of WWER-type reactor internals after 45 years of operation. Part 3. Microstructure and phase composition." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 3(103) (November 30, 2020): 157–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2020-103-3-157-180.

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TEM, SEM, and APT techniques have been used to analyze radiation-induced components of metal structure of fragments cut from the pressure vessel internals of Novovoronezh NPP Unit No 3 after 45 years of operation. The fragments differed in the neutron damaging doses (from 14 to 43 dpa) and the irradiation temperature (from 285 to 315°C). The density and dimensions of titanium carbides and carbonitrides, dislocation loops, radiation-induced voids, segregations, and nanoscale precipitates were determined. The contributions of structural components to the radiation hardening of the investigated f

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Banteywalu, Solomon Mamo, Getachew Bekele, Baseem Khan, Valentijn De Smedt, and Paul Leroux. "A High-Reliability Redundancy Scheme for Design of Radiation-Tolerant Half-Duty Limited DC-DC Converters." Electronics 10, no. 10 (2021): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101146.

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Redundancy techniques are commonly used to design radiation- and fault-tolerant circuits for space applications, to ensure high reliability. However, higher reliability often comes at a cost of increased usage of hardware resources. Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) ensures full single fault masking, with a >200% power and area overhead cost. TMR/Simplex ensures full single fault masking with a slightly more complicated circuitry, inefficient use of resource and a >200% power and area overhead cost, but with higher reliability than that of TMR. In this work, a high-reliability Spatial and

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Jeong, Kyungsoo, Duckhoon Ro, Gwanho Lee, Myounggon Kang, and Hyung-Min Lee. "A Radiation-Hardened Instrumentation Amplifier for Sensor Readout Integrated Circuits in Nuclear Fusion Applications." Electronics 7, no. 12 (2018): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120429.

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A nuclear fusion reactor requires a radiation-hardened sensor readout integrated circuit (IC), whose operation should be tolerant against harsh radiation effects up to MGy or higher. This paper proposes radiation-hardening circuit design techniques for an instrumentation amplifier (IA), which is one of the most sensitive circuits in the sensor readout IC. The paper studied design considerations for choosing the IA topology for radiation environments and proposes a radiation-hardened IA structure with total-ionizing-dose (TID) effect monitoring and adaptive reference control functions. The radi

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Aponte-Moreno, Alexander, Felipe Restrepo-Calle, and Cesar Pedraza. "Using Approximate Computing and Selective Hardening for the Reduction of Overheads in the Design of Radiation-Induced Fault-Tolerant Systems." Electronics 8, no. 12 (2019): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121539.

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Fault mitigation techniques based on pure software, known as software-implemented hardware fault tolerance (SIHFT), are very attractive for use in COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) microprocessors because they do not require physical modification of the system. However, these techniques cause software overheads that may affect the efficiency and costs of the overall system. This paper presents a design method of radiation-induced fault-tolerant microprocessor-based systems with lower execution time overheads. For this purpose, approximate computing and selective fault mitigation software-based t

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Monda, Danilo, Gabriele Ciarpi, and Sergio Saponara. "Diagnosis of Faults Induced by Radiation and Circuit-Level Design Mitigation Techniques: Experience from VCO and High-Speed Driver CMOS ICs Case Studies." Electronics 10, no. 17 (2021): 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172144.

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In this paper, we discuss the diagnosis of particle-induced failures in harsh environments such as space and high-energy physics. To address these effects, simulation-before-test and simulation-after-test can be the key points in choosing which radiation hardening by design (RHBD) techniques can be implemented to mitigate or prevent failures. Despite the fact that total ionising dose (TID) has slow but destructive effects overtime on silicon devices, single-event effect (SEE) impulsively disrupts the typical operation of a circuit with temporary or permanent effects. The recently released Spac

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Cai, Chang, Xue Fan, Jie Liu, et al. "Heavy-Ion Induced Single Event Upsets in Advanced 65 nm Radiation Hardened FPGAs." Electronics 8, no. 3 (2019): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030323.

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The 65 nm Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was designed and manufactured, which employed tradeoff radiation hardening techniques in Configuration RAMs (CRAMs), Embedded RAMs (EBRAMs) and flip-flops. This radiation hardened circuits include large-spacing interlock CRAM cells, area saving debugging logics, the redundant flip-flops cells, and error mitigated 6-T EBRAMs. Heavy ion irradiation test result indicates that the hardened CRAMs had a high linear energy transfer threshold of upset ∼18 MeV/(mg/cm 2 ) with an extremely low saturation cross-sectio

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Workowski, Michael, Thomas Nitschke-Pagel, and Klaus Dilger. "Identification of Load Induced Inhomogeneous Plastic Deformations in Aluminium Welds by Diffraction Methods." Materials Science Forum 768-769 (September 2013): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.768-769.675.

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Cold formed and precipitation hardened aluminium alloys welded with arc welding and electron beam welding processes have been investigated to analyse the local deformation behaviour under static and cyclic loads. Therefore lateral strain measurements with different techniques have been carried out in the surrounding of the weld seam. The strain measurements were combined with micro hardness measurements in order to determine loading induced local softening and hardening. These investigations were combined with X-ray diffraction experiments which should provide information about the residual st

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El-Atwani, O., N. Li, M. Li, et al. "Outstanding radiation resistance of tungsten-based high-entropy alloys." Science Advances 5, no. 3 (2019): eaav2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav2002.

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A body-centered cubic W-based refractory high entropy alloy with outstanding radiation resistance has been developed. The alloy was grown as thin films showing a bimodal grain size distribution in the nanocrystalline and ultrafine regimes and a unique 4-nm lamella-like structure revealed by atom probe tomography (APT). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction show certain black spots appearing after thermal annealing at elevated temperatures. TEM and APT analysis correlated the black spots with second-phase particles rich in Cr and V. No sign of irradiation-created dislocat

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Benemann, A., A. Boden, D. Bräunig, et al. "The hardening techniques for electronic devices and circuits / Härtungstechniken für elektronische Bauteile und Schaltungen." Kerntechnik 56, no. 1 (1991): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kern-1991-560113.

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Damaceanu, Mariana-Dana, Radu-Dan Rusu, Mihaela Adriana Olaru, Daniel Timpu, and Maria Bruma. "KrF Pulsed Laser Ablation of Thin Films Made from Fluorinated Heterocyclic Poly(Naphthyl-Imide)s." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, no. 3 (2012): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612000165.

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AbstractAmong the many aspects of laser ablation, development of conical structures induced by excimer laser radiation on polyimide surfaces has been thoroughly investigated. Because the mechanisms that produce these surface textures are not fully understood, two theories, photochemical bond breaking and thermal reaction, have been introduced. Here we present the first study of ultraviolet laser ablation behavior of thin films made from fluorinated poly(naphthyl-imide)s containing oxadiazole rings and the investigation of the mechanism of cone-like structure formation at two laser fluences, 57

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RATHOD, S. S., A. K. SAXENA, and S. DASGUPTA. "DG-FINFET-BASED SRAM CONFIGURATIONS FOR INCREASED SEU IMMUNITY." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 21, no. 04 (2012): 1250032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126612500326.

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In this paper, we propose a new circuit level hardening techniques that can decrease the sensitivity of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cells to radiation induced Single Event Upsets (SEUs). Five different types of 32 nm double gate (DG)-FinFET-based SRAM cells are analyzed. Proposed SRAM cell outperforms over the unhardened SRAM when exposed to radiation. This is primarily due to the modification of the source potential used to reduce the effect of SEU without affecting normal operation. Static Noise Margin (SNM), Read Noise Margin (RNM), Write Noise Margin (WNM) and Power Delay Product (P

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Vazquez, Carolina, Eugenia Zelaya, Ana Maria Fortis, and Patricia B. Bozzano. "Irradiation Hardening and Microstructure Characterization of Zr -1% Nb During Low Dose Neutron Irradiation." Journal of Materials and Applications 10, no. 2 (2021): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jma.2021.10.2.63.

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Due to low neutron absorption cross section, high mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance in water and steam, Zirconium alloys are widely used as fuel cladding material in nuclear reactors. During life-time of a reactor the microstructure of this alloy is affected due to, among other factors, radiation damage and hydrogen damage. In this work mechanical properties changes on neutron irradiated Zr-1wt.% Nb at low temperatures (< 100 °C) and low dose (3.5 ´ 1023 n m-2 (E > 1 MeV)) were correlated with hydrides and crystal defects evolution during irradi

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R. S. Monzamodeth and B. Campillo. "Study of the Erosion of Copper by Hot Plasma." Journal of Nuclear Physics, Material Sciences, Radiation and Applications 7, no. 2 (2020): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jnp.2020.72022.

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An exhaustive study of the erosion process of a copper cathode exposed to a hot plasma column of 2kJ of energy (T≈0.5-2.0keV) and high electron density (n≈1019-1022cm3) was made, as well as, the radiation field of charged and neutral particles. The characterization of the cumulative damage generated by the plasma/cathode interaction was made by the use of metallographic techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by the analysis of mechanical properties. Damage accumulation produced by the impacts of deuterium plasma discharge created in the copper electrode a deep cavity similar to a c

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Rakhadilov, Bauyrzhan, Aidar Kengesbekov, Laila Zhurerova, Rauan Kozhanova, and Zhuldyz Sagdoldina. "Impact of Electronic Radiation on the Morphology of the Fine Structure of the Surface Layer of R6M5 Steel." Machines 9, no. 2 (2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9020024.

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In recent decades, great efforts have been made to significantly improve the performance characteristics of high-speed steel using various surface hardening techniques. Electron beam modification is engaging because it has an exceptionally high thermal efficiency and can significantly improve steels’ physical and mechanical properties. This work is devoted to researching the fine structure and changing the structural phase state of the surface layer of R6M5 high-speed steel after exposure to an electron beam. Electron beam treatment of steel R6M5 was carried out on a vacuum installation. The s

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Antonenko, F., E. Slobina, E. Abbasova, et al. "P03.14 New features of modern 3D conformal external radiotherapy (RT) of benign head tumors in children." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_3 (2019): iii28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz126.095.

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Abstract BACKGROUND demonstrate the possibilities of radiation therapy (LT) in children with benign head tumors using IMRT, VMAT, IGRT techniques - high-precision modern 3D conformal radiation therapy MATERIAL AND METHODS From 1990 to 2007 for the first time in Russia, 88 children with juvenile angiofibromas were treated in Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology. The studies were carried out on the gamma-therapeutic apparatus “AGAT-P1” and on the linear accelerator “Phillips SL75” Total dose was 35–45 Gy. In 2014–2018 we treated 29 patients aged 3–17 years with benign tumors of the sk

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Golik, Vladimir I., Iurii I. Razorenov, Vladimir S. Vagin, and Vasilii I. Liashenko. "Study and development of hardening mixture composition based on unconventional industrial waste." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal 1, no. 3 (2021): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-3-13-27.

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Relevance. Phosphogypsum, the product of apatites chemical processing, is one of the most common mining wastes. Phosphogypsum utilization is not widespread yet, therefore its cost is low. Integrated research has been carried out to determine the technological capacity and economic feasibility of phosphogypsum, sludge, and dolomite utilization as binders in the conversion of ore production techniques. Research aim is to develop a hardening mixture composition based on unconventional industrial waste, determine the technological capacity and economic feasibility of utilizing phosphogypsum, sludg

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King, Andrew, A. D. Evans, Philip J. Withers, and C. Woodward. "The Effect of Fatigue on Residual Peening Stresses in Aerospace Components." Materials Science Forum 490-491 (July 2005): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.490-491.340.

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The Rolls-Royce Wide Chord Fan Blade (WCFB) is an innovative aerospace component, manufactured from Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The blade roots experience fatigue loading during flight, and are subject to fretting fatigue where they contact the fan disc. Shot peening (SP) and laser shock peening (LSP) are mechanical surface treatments which have been applied to the blade root to improve fatigue strength and damage tolerance. Both techniques cause local plastic deformation of the material, resulting in a layer of compressive residual stress. The compressive stress from LSP may reach a depth of 2mm in tita

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HIROSE, Kazuyuki, Susumu MITSUISHI, and Daisuke KOBAYASHI. "Semiconductor Devices for Space Use and Radiation Hardening Technique." Journal of The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 129, no. 11 (2009): 739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.129.739.

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Liu, Jingtian, Qian Sun, Bin Liang, Jianjun Chen, Yaqing Chi, and Yang Guo. "Bulk Bias as an Analog Single-Event Transient Mitigation Technique with Negligible Penalty." Electronics 9, no. 1 (2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9010027.

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In analog circuit design, the bulks of MOSFETs can be tied to their respective sources to remove body effect. This paper models and analyzes the sensitivity of single-event transients (SETs) in common source (CS) amplifier with bulk tied to source (BTS) in 40 nm twin-well bulk CMOS technology. The simulation results present that the proposed BTS radiation-hardened-by-design (RHBD) technique can reduce charge collection and suppress the SET induced perturbation effectively in various input conditions of the circuit. The detailed analysis shows that the mitigation of SET is primarily due to the

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Piccin, Y., H. Lapuyade, Y. Deval, C. Morche, J. Y. Seyler, and F. Goutti. "Radiation-Hardening Technique for Voltage Reference Circuit in a Standard 130 nm CMOS Technology." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 61, no. 2 (2014): 967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2014.2312269.

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Kwak, Seong Woo, and Jung-Min Yang. "A New Hardening Technique Against Radiation Faults in Asynchronous Digital Circuits Using Double Modular Redundancy." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 20, no. 6 (2014): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2014.14.0006.

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Sekimura, Naoto, Toru Kamada, Yohei Wakasugi, Taira Okita, and Yoshio Arai. "Evaluation of radiation hardening in Fe alloys under heavy ion irradiation by micro-indentation technique." Journal of Nuclear Materials 307-311 (December 2002): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3115(02)01079-6.

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Gomez Toro, Daniel, Matthieu Arzel, Fabrice Seguin, and Michel Jezequel. "Soft Error Detection and Correction Technique for Radiation Hardening Based on C-element and BICS." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 61, no. 12 (2014): 952–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2014.2356911.

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Li, Yangyang, Chuanbin Zeng, Xiaojing Li, et al. "Applications of Direct-Current Current–Voltage Method to Total Ionizing Dose Radiation Characterization in SOI NMOSFETs with Different Process Conditions." Electronics 10, no. 7 (2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070858.

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As a promising candidate in space radiation hardened applications, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices face the severe problem of total ionizing dose (TID) radiation because of the thick buried oxide (BOX) layer. The direct-current current–voltage (DCIV) method was applied for studying TID radiation of SOI metal–oxide–semiconductor field–effect transistors (MOSFETs) with different manufacture processes. It is found that the peak of high-voltage well (PX) devices shows a larger left-shift and a slower multitude increase along with radiation dose, compared with that of low-voltage well (PV) devic

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Akter, Shamima, N. Alam, and PK Roy. "Improvement of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. var. Isd. 39) using gamma irradiation and large scale plantlet production from M1 generation through in vitro culture." Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences 5, no. 1 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jujbs.v5i1.29738.

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The present study was aimed to develop mutant sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. var. Isd. 39) using gamma radiation followed by regeneration of those mutants through in vitro technique. Five different doses of gamma radiation (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy) were applied to the sugarcane setts and among these doses 10 Gy irradiated mutant sugarcane showed the best agronomical traits. In addition, 10 Gy irradiated mutant sugarcane also contained higher sugar concentrations (14.25%) compared to control (14.23%). On the other hand, shoot tip and young folded leaf segments from the 10 Gy irradiated pl

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Wortham, Donald G., Louis M. Teresi, Robert B. Lufkin, William N. Hanafee, and Paul H. Ward. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Facial Nerve." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 101, no. 3 (1989): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988910100301.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the facial nerve was evaluated by studying normal volunteers and patients with diseases of the facial nerve with a 0.3 Tesla permanent-magnet MRI system with special surface colls. The normal MR images were correlated with the anatomy of thin cryosection specimens of fresh cadavers. The seventh nerve was followed from its nucleus in the brainstem through the temporal bone to the parotid gland bed. The entire labyrinth and tympanic portions, as well as the geniculate ganglion, could be shown with appropriate scan planes. Examples of brainstem diseases affecti

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Gunasekaran, Vijay, Jeyaraj Pitchaimani, Lenin Babu Mailan Chinnapandi, and Ashish Kumar. "Analytical Solution for Sound Radiation Characteristics of Graphene Nanocomposites Plate: Effect of Porosity and Variable Edge Load." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 21, no. 06 (2021): 2150087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455421500875.

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The effects of graded dispersion of graphene platelets and porosity on vibro-acoustics of nanocomposite plate exposed to variable edge loads are analytically investigated. Voigt and Halpin–Tsai micromechanics model is used to obtain effective properties of the porous graphene nanocomposites. The strain energy technique is implemented to estimate the buckling load ([Formula: see text]). By means of Reddy’s third-order shear deformation theorem and Rayleigh Integral, vibration and acoustic responses are obtained. After validating the present analysis with the published results, the nature of edg

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Benndorf, Goetz, Benjamin Claus, Charles M. Strother, Lee Chang, and Richard P. Klucznik. "Increased Cell Opening and Prolapse of Struts of a Neuroform Stent in Curved Vasculature:Value of Angiographic Computed Tomography: Technical Case Report." Operative Neurosurgery 58, suppl_4 (2006): ONS—E380—ONS—E380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000205287.06739.e1.

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Abstract Objective and Importance: To describe the use of a new imaging tool, angiographic computed tomography, for visualization of cell opening and strut prolapse of a Neuroform 2 stent (Boston Scientific/Target, Fremont, CA) placed in curved vasculature for treatment of a basilar tip aneurysm. Clinical Presentation: A 46-year-old woman presented with an unruptured 8-mm basilar tip aneurysm with a wide patulous neck. Intervention: A 4 × 20-mm Neuroform 2 stent was placed across the aneurysm neck. Angiographic computed tomographic scanning was performed using a flat detector biplane angiograp

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"Radiation hardening in magnox pressure-vessel steels." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 315, no. 1532 (1985): 301–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1985.0042.

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The ferritic steels used for reactor pressure vessels undergo a marked transition from ductile to brittle fracture behaviour over a relatively narrow temperature range. For most unirradiated mild steels the ductile to brittle transition temperature (d.b.t.t.) is between — 50° and 20 °C. The process of irradiation hardening, through the formation of clusters of interstitial or vacancy defects, increases the friction stress of these steels and thereby raises the transition temperature. Given the inherent tendency of these steels to fail in a brittle manner, the raising of the transition temperat

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Davis, G. E. "Trade-Offs For RAD-Hard Soi Structures." MRS Proceedings 107 (1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-107-317.

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AbstractTotal dose, dose rate, transient, single event upset and neutron radiation effects for dielectrically isolated MOS devices on S01(silicon-on-insulator) substrates are discussed. For large-scale, high-speed circuits, material, layout and process characteristics optimized for high circuit yield and reliability may conflict with improvements required to extend radiation thresholds. Some radiation hardening techniques applicable to silicon-on-insulator high speed thin film MOS devices are presented.

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Gessinn, F., та G. Sarrabayrouse. "M.O.S. Transistors with > 1 μm Thick Gate Oxide for Ionizing Radiation Dosimetry". MRS Proceedings 302 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-302-555.

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ABSTRACTThe effects of ionizing radiation on MOS transistors with gate oxide thickness up to 2 μm have been investigated. The major focus of workers in this area has been on the hardening techniques of technologies. On the other side, our goal is to use MOS devices to reach higher sensitivities in order to detect small amounts of dose. Therefore, sensitivity as well as temperature response in the mil-std range and stability of the dosimeters have been studied.

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Chen, Dandan, Xinfu He, Genshen Chu, et al. "An overview: multiscale simulation in understanding the radiation damage accumulation of reactor materials." SIMULATION, October 14, 2019, 003754971988094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549719880940.

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The reactor is an extreme environment of high temperature, high pressure, and high radiation dose. Damage accumulates in structural materials over service time. It will eventually lead to material failure, such as hardening, embrittlement, and swelling. The radiation damage accumulation is an inherent, complex, and multiscale process, which has been studied extensively with multiscale modeling and simulation methods. The rapid development of high-performance computing makes it possible to accurately operate multiscale simulation for the microstructure evolution of irradiated reactor materials.

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Das, Suchandrima. "Recent advances in characterising irradiation damage in tungsten for fusion power." SN Applied Sciences 1, no. 12 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1591-0.

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AbstractTungsten is the front-runner candidate for building the plasma-facing armour components for future fusion reactors. However, in-service irradiation by fusion-neutrons and helium will create lattice-defects in the material, compromising its properties and lifetime. Improving the component’s resilience to radiation damage and accurately predicting the lifetime of irradiated components is key for commercial feasibility of the reactor. For this purpose, understanding the creation and evolution of radiation damage is essential. This paper reviews recent advances in characterising radiation

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Yasuda, K., C. Kinoshita, and K. Izumi. "A Comparative Study of Mechanical Properties in Ion-Irradiated A12O3 and MgO·nAl203." MRS Proceedings 540 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-540-317.

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AbstractWe have investigated radiation hardening in alumina (A1203), stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric spinel (MgO·nA1203: n= 1, 2.4) crystals at 300 K irradiated with 100 keV He+ ions by using a ultra-microhardness technique. Al203 shows a remarkable radiation hardening (35% increase in hardness) at a fluence of 5×1019 He+/m2 and saturates at 60 % of the maximum value at fluences higher than 8×1019 He+/m2. In spinel crystals, hardness increases monotonically with fluence, reaching to a saturation at a fluence of 1×1020He+/m2. Analyses of load- displacement curves indicate that both plastic

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Hardie, Chris D., Andrew J. London, Joven J. H. Lim, et al. "Exploitation of thermal gradients for investigation of irradiation temperature effects with charged particles." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49585-0.

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Abstract The effects of radiation damage on materials are strongly dependant on temperature, making it arguably the most significant parameter of concern in nuclear engineering. Owing to the challenges and expense of irradiating and testing materials, material property data is often limited to few irradiation conditions and material variants. A new technique has been developed which enables the investigation of radiation damage of samples subject to a thermal gradient, whereby a wealth of data over a range of irradiation temperatures is produced from a single irradiation experiment. The result

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