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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiation use efficiency'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 June 2025

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1

Priadkina, G. O., O. O. Stasik, A. M. Poliovyi, O. E. Yarmolska, and K. Kuzmova. "Radiation use efficiency of winter wheat canopy during pre-anthesis growth." Fiziologia rastenij i genetika 52, no. 3 (June 2020): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/frg2020.03.208.

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2

Kemanian, Armen R., Claudio O. Stöckle, and David R. Huggins. "Variability of Barley Radiation‐Use Efficiency." Crop Science 44, no. 5 (September 2004): 1662–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.1662.

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3

Shiraiwa, Tatsuhiko, Yohei Kawasaki, and Koki Homma. "Estimation of Crop Radiation Use Efficiency." Japanese Journal of Crop Science 80, no. 3 (2011): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.80.360.

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4

Morrison, Malcolm J., and Doug W. Stewart. "Radiation‐Use Efficiency in Summer Rape." Agronomy Journal 87, no. 6 (November 1995): 1139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1995.00021962008700060016x.

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5

Rosenthal, W. D., and T. J. Gerik. "Radiation Use Efficiency among Cotton Cultivars." Agronomy Journal 83, no. 4 (July 1991): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1991.00021962008300040001x.

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6

Li, Q., M. Liu, J. Zhang, B. Dong, and Q. Bai. "Biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 2 (February 24, 2009): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/315-pse.

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To better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, an experiment was conducted at the Luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), biomass accumulation, grain yield, and RUE of winter wheat. In this experiment, field experiment involving winter wheat with 1, 2 and 3 irrigation applications at sowing, jointing, or heading stages was conducted, and total irrigation water was all controlled at 120 mm. The results indicate that irrigation 2 or 3 times could help to increase the PAR capture ratio in the later growing season of winter wheat; this result was mainly due to the changes in the vertical distributions of leaf area index (LAI) and a significant increase of the LAI at 0–20 cm above the ground surface (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05). Compared with irrigation only once during the growing season of winter wheat, irrigation 2 times significantly (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05) increased aboveground dry matter at maturity; irrigation at sowing and heading or jointing and heading stages significantly (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05) improved the grain yield, and irrigation at jointing and heading stages provided the highest RUE (0.56 g/mol). Combining the grain yield and RUE, it can be concluded that irrigation at jointing and heading stages has higher grain yield and RUE, which will offer a sound measurement for developing deficit irrigation regimes in North China.

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7

Goyne, PJ, SP Milroy, JM Lilley, and JM Hare. "Radiation interception, radiation use efficiency and growth of barley cultivars." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 6 (1993): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931351.

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Dry matter production and utilization of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was studied for barley (Hordeurn vulgare L.) in the field at Hermitage Research Station, Qld. In 1990, four cultivars (Gilbert, Tallon, Grimmett, Skiff) were sown at three times and grown with non-limiting soil moisture. In 1991, soil moisture limitations were imposed on one sowing of the cultivar Grimmett. The radiation extinction coefficient (k) was 0.41�0.02 and did not vary with cultivar, time of sowing or soil moisture availability. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) (based on absorbed PAR and above-ground dry matter) did not change with time of sowing but did vary between cultivars. RUE was highest for Gilbert (2.90�0.10 g MJ-1), while the other three cultivars averaged 2.60�0.04 g MJ-l. RUE of Grimmett was significantly lower in 1991 (1.48�0.07 g MJ-1) than in 1990 (2.60�0.07g MJ-1), but soil moisture differences in 1991 did not significantly affect RUE. Several factors with possible links with RUE were examined and discussed. Of the variables examined those which showed the strongest relationships with RUE were average daily vapour pressure deficit and average daily minimum temperature.

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8

Sinclair, Thomas R., Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa, and Graeme L. Hammer. "Variation in Crop Radiation‐Use Efficiency with Increased Diffuse Radiation." Crop Science 32, no. 5 (September 1992): 1281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200050043x.

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9

Andrade, F. H., S. A. Uhart, and A. Cirilo. "Temperature affects radiation use efficiency in maize." Field Crops Research 32, no. 1-2 (February 1993): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90018-i.

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10

Han, H., Z. Li, T. Ning, X. Zhang, Y. Shan, and M. Bai. "Radiation use efficiency and yield of winter wheat under deficit irrigation in North Chin." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 7 (July 17, 2008): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/421-pse.

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Water stress is a frequent and critical limit to wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) production in North China. It has been shown that photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) is closely related to crop production. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and winter wheat varieties on the PAR capture ration, PAR utilization and grain yield. Field experiments involved Jimai 20 (J; high yield variety) and Lainong 0153 (L; dryland variety) with non-irrigation and irrigated at jointing stage. The results showed that whether irrigated at jointing stage or not, there was no significant difference between J and L with respect to the amount of PAR intercepted by the winter wheat canopies. However, significant differences were observed between the varieties with respect to the amount of PAR intercepted by plants that were 60–80 cm above the ground surface. This result was mainly caused by the changes in the vertical distributions of leaf area index (LAI). As a result, the effects of the varieties and deficit irrigation on the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and grain yield of winter wheat were due to the vertical distribution of PAR in the winter wheat canopies. During the late growing season of winter wheat, irrespective of the irrigation regime, the RUE and grain yield of J were significantly (LSD, <I>P</I> < 0.05) higher than those of L. These results suggest that a combination of deficit irrigation and a suitable winter wheat variety should be applied in North China.

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11

George-Jaeggli, B., D. R. Jordan, E. J. van Oosterom, I. J. Broad, and G. L. Hammer. "Sorghum dwarfing genes can affect radiation capture and radiation use efficiency." Field Crops Research 149 (August 2013): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.005.

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12

Lake, Lachlan, and Victor Sadras. "Associations between yield, intercepted radiation and radiation-use efficiency in chickpea." Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 2 (2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp16356.

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Relationships between yield, biomass, radiation interception (PARint) and radiation-use efficiency (RUE) have been studied in many crops for use in growth analysis and modelling. Research in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is limited, with variation caused by environment and phenological stage not adequately described. This study aims to characterise the variation in chickpea PARint and RUE with phenological stage, line and environment and their interactions, and the impact of this variation on yield. Chickpea lines (six desi and one kabuli) previously identified as varying for yield, competitive ability, crop growth rate and phenology were compared in four environments resulting from a combination of two sowing dates and dry and irrigated water regimes. Yield varied from 0.7 to 3.7 t ha–1. Line, environment, phenological stage and the interactions line (G) × environment (E) and environment × stage affected both RUE and PARint. Line × stage interaction also affected RUE. High PARint and RUE were associated with high yield, but the interaction between environment and phenological stage dictated this relationship; higher PARint and RUE were observed in irrigated environments. Some environment × phenological stage combinations resulted in no significant associations, particularly before flowering in dry environments. These results emphasise the importance of understanding the effects of G × E on capture and efficiency in the use of radiation and have implications for growth analysis, modelling and breeding.

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13

Gallo, Kevin P., Craig S. T. Daughtry, and Craig L. Wiegand. "Errors in Measuring Absorbed Radiation and Computing Crop Radiation Use Efficiency." Agronomy Journal 85, no. 6 (November 1993): 1222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500060024x.

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14

Gonias, Evangelos D., Derrick M. Oosterhuis, Androniki C. Bibi, and Bruce A. Roberts. "Radiation Use Efficiency of Cotton in Contrasting Environments." American Journal of Plant Sciences 03, no. 05 (2012): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2012.35079.

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15

Chakwizira, E., J. M. de Ruiter, A. L. Fletcher, and E. D. Meenken. "Estimating theoretical radiation-use efficiency for kale crops." Grass and Forage Science 69, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12047.

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16

Bell, M. J., G. C. Wright, and G. L. Hammer. "Night Temperature Affects Radiation‐Use Efficiency in Peanut." Crop Science 32, no. 6 (November 1992): 1329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200060005x.

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17

Major, D. J., B. W. Beasley, and R. I. Hamilton. "Effect of Maize Maturity on Radiation‐Use Efficiency." Agronomy Journal 83, no. 5 (September 1991): 895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1991.00021962008300050023x.

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18

Lindquist, John L., Timothy J. Arkebauer, Daniel T. Walters, Kenneth G. Cassman, and Achim Dobermann. "Maize Radiation Use Efficiency under Optimal Growth Conditions." Agronomy Journal 97, no. 1 (January 2005): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0072.

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19

Collino, D. J., J. L. Dardanelli, M. J. De Luca, and R. W. Racca. "Temperature and water availability effects on radiation and water use efficiencies in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 4 (2005): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04050.

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Alfalfa, the most important forage crop in Argentina, shows considerable variability in forage production caused by variations in inter-annual rainfall and intra-annual radiation and temperature regimes. Such variation may affect radiation use efficiency and water use efficiency. This paper seeks to study the effects of temperature and water availability on radiation use efficiency and water use efficiency. We conducted the experiment in Córdoba, Argentina, under irrigated and droughted conditions. Drought was imposed by mobile rainout shelters during 3 consecutive periods. We measured forage, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation and water use to calculate radiation use efficiency and water use efficiency between cuttings. Under irrigation, radiation use efficiency and water use efficiency normalised by daytime vapour pressure deficit, were not limited by mean temperature above 21.3 and 21.9°C, respectively. Below those critical values, both variables decreased consistently with temperature decrements. Under drought, radiation use efficiency tended to decrease and water use efficiency tended to increase. In addition, the relationship between relative dry matter and relative water use was not linear, as reported in previous studies for annual crops.

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20

Koopmann, Gary, Eric Salesky, and Weicheng Chen. "Use of tile overlays to reduce the radiation efficiency of radiating surfaces." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 111, no. 5 (2002): 2448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4778432.

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21

Arnelli, Arnelli, Ulya Hanifah Henrika Putri, Fandi Nasrun Cholis, and Yayuk Astuti. "Use of Microwave Radiation for Activating Carbon from Rice Husk Using ZnCl2 Activator." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, no. 6 (November 9, 2019): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.6.282-291.

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Activated carbon is one of the most commonly used adsorbents in a variety of separation processes because it is inexpensive, and also the design and principal of application are quite simple. The ability of activated carbon as an adsorbent is related to its large surface area and pore volume, varying pore structure, and diverse surface reactivity. The use of microwave radiation can further improve the efficiency of activated carbon adsorption. Micro-waves can affect the pore texture and surface of the activated carbon, but rarely do both practitioners and researchers control these variables influencing the relationship between features and performance of biomass-based activated carbon as an adsorbent at the time of manufacture from the initial stage (carbonation) to carbon application active (e.g., adsorption of heavy metals, surfactants, and organic molecules). This study aims to synthesize activated carbon from rice husk, which has the efficiency and capacity of adsorption of heavy metals such as Pb and activator organic molecules used is ZnCl2 30% and microwave radiation. This research has succeeded in making activated carbon using the ZnCl2 activator and microwave radiation. The time and power of microwave radiation that provides the highest efficiency in the carbon activation process for Pb ion adsorbate, were 7 minutes and 800 W. For phenol adsorbate was 5 minutes at 800 W. The highest efficiency time and concentration of adsorption for Pb ion adsorbate were 40 minutes at 60 ppm while for phenol adsorbate were 5 hours at 100 ppm. The adsorption efficiency for Pb cation adsorbate was 99.57%. While for phenol adsorbate is 81.05%. Characterization with FTIR, SEM-EDX, and SAA showed a C-Cl bond, the pores were visible, and an increased surface area of activated carbon was 36.9 times the surface area of carbon and the pores formed were mesoporous.

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22

Arnelli, Arnelli, Ulya Hanifah Henrika Putri, Fandi Nasrun Cholis, and Yayuk Astuti. "Use of Microwave Radiation for Activating Carbon from Rice Husk Using ZnCl2 Activator." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, no. 6 (November 9, 2019): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.6.283-291.

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Activated carbon is one of the most commonly used adsorbents in a variety of separation processes because it is inexpensive, and also the design and principal of application are quite simple. The ability of activated carbon as an adsorbent is related to its large surface area and pore volume, varying pore structure, and diverse surface reactivity. The use of microwave radiation can further improve the efficiency of activated carbon adsorption. Micro-waves can affect the pore texture and surface of the activated carbon, but rarely do both practitioners and researchers control these variables influencing the relationship between features and performance of biomass-based activated carbon as an adsorbent at the time of manufacture from the initial stage (carbonation) to carbon application active (e.g., adsorption of heavy metals, surfactants, and organic molecules). This study aims to synthesize activated carbon from rice husk, which has the efficiency and capacity of adsorption of heavy metals such as Pb and activator organic molecules used is ZnCl2 30% and microwave radiation. This research has succeeded in making activated carbon using the ZnCl2 activator and microwave radiation. The time and power of microwave radiation that provides the highest efficiency in the carbon activation process for Pb ion adsorbate, were 7 minutes and 800 W. For phenol adsorbate was 5 minutes at 800 W. The highest efficiency time and concentration of adsorption for Pb ion adsorbate were 40 minutes at 60 ppm while for phenol adsorbate were 5 hours at 100 ppm. The adsorption efficiency for Pb cation adsorbate was 99.57%. While for phenol adsorbate is 81.05%. Characterization with FTIR, SEM-EDX, and SAA showed a C-Cl bond, the pores were visible, and an increased surface area of activated carbon was 36.9 times the surface area of carbon and the pores formed were mesoporous.

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23

Elhakeem, Ali, Wopke van der Werf, and Lammert Bastiaans. "Radiation interception and radiation use efficiency in mixtures of winter cover crops." Field Crops Research 264 (May 2021): 108034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.108034.

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24

Bange, M. P., G. L. Hammer, and K. G. Rickert. "Effect of Radiation Environment on Radiation Use Efficiency and Growth of Sunflower." Crop Science 37, no. 4 (July 1997): 1208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183x003700040030x.

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25

Healey, K. D., G. L. Hammer, K. G. Rickert, and M. P. Bange. "Radiation use efficiency increases when the diffuse component of incident radiation is enhanced under shade." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 4 (1998): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97100.

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Theoretical analyses have shown the radiation use efficiency of maize, soybean, and peanut to increase with a decrease in the level of incident radiation and an increase in the proportion of diffuse radiation. This study compared the growth and radiation use efficiency of Panicum maximum cv. Petrie (green panic) and Bothriochloa insculpta cv. Bisset (creeping bluegrass) beneath shading treatments (birdguard and solarweave shadecloths) with that in full sunlight. A level of incident radiation reduced by 25% under birdguard shadecloth decreased final yield and final leaf area index,but increased canopy leaf nitrogen concentration and radiation use efficiency (19-14%) (compared withthe full sun treatment). A similar level of reduced incident radiation under solarweave shadecloth (which provided an increased proportion of diffiuse radiation), increased final yield and radiation use efficiency (46-50%). An understanding of the effects of composition of incident radiation on radiation use efficiency of tropical grasses enables more accurate estimation of potential pasture growth in shaded environments. It also has impact upon crop production in glasshouses and greenhouses.

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26

Allen, Christopher B., Rodney E. Will, and Marshall A. Jacobson. "Production Efficiency and Radiation Use Efficiency of Four Tree Species Receiving Irrigation and Fertilization." Forest Science 51, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 556–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/51.6.556.

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Abstract To determine the effect of resource availability on efficiency of stemwood production, we calculated radiation use efficiency (Εstem = stem production/photosynthetically active radiation [PAR] interception) and production efficiency (PEstem = stem production/leaf area index [LAI]) from measurements of LAI, intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR), and stem production on stands of Pinus taeda, Pinus elliottii, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Platanus occidentalis during the sixth growing season. Treatments were control, irrigation only, and irrigation plus 57, 85, or 114 kg N ha−1 y−1. Compared to the control, irrigation plus 85 kg N ha−1 increased stem production: 8.7–15.0 Mg ha−1 y−1 (loblolly), 6.0–10.7 Mg ha−1 y−1 (slash), 1.2–12.8 Mg ha−1 y−1 (sweetgum), and 0.5–9.6 Mg ha−1 y−1 (sycamore). Annual PAR capture and LAI were correlated with stem production (r2 = 0.80, r2 = 0.66, respectively, average of 4 species). Fertilization and irrigation increased Εstem and PEstem for sycamore, whereas only fertilization increased efficiencies for sweetgum. Irrigation increased PEstem for the pines. Foliar [N], often a surrogate for photosynthetic efficiency, was positively correlated with both efficiency variables for the hardwoods (r2 from 0.65 to 0.79). For the pines, canopy size was the primary growth determinant. FOR. SCI. 51(6):556–569.

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27

Hatfield, Jerry L. "Radiation Use Efficiency: Evaluation of Cropping and Management Systems." Agronomy Journal 106, no. 5 (September 2014): 1820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2013.0310.

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28

Druille, Magdalena, Mariano Oyarzabal, and Martín Oesterheld. "Radiation Use Efficiency of Forage Resources: A Meta‐Analysis." Agronomy Journal 111, no. 4 (July 2019): 1770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2018.10.0645.

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29

Sinclair, T. R., and R. C. Muchow. "Occam's Razor, radiation-use efficiency, and vapor pressure deficit." Field Crops Research 62, no. 2-3 (June 1999): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(99)00011-8.

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30

Wang, D., M. C. Shannon, and C. M. Grieve. "Salinity reduces radiation absorption and use efficiency in soybean." Field Crops Research 69, no. 3 (March 2001): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(00)00154-4.

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31

Campbell, Colin S., James L. Heilman, Kevin J. McInnes, Lloyd T. Wilson, James C. Medley, Guowei Wu, and Douglas R. Cobos. "Seasonal variation in radiation use efficiency of irrigated rice." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 110, no. 1 (December 2001): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(01)00277-5.

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32

GONIAS, E. D., D. M. OOSTERHUIS, and A. C. BIBI. "Cotton radiation use efficiency response to plant growth regulators." Journal of Agricultural Science 150, no. 5 (October 2012): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000803.

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SUMMARYPlant growth regulators are widely used in cotton production to improve crop management. Previous research has demonstrated changes in crop growth, dry matter (DM) partitioning and lint yield of cotton after the application of plant growth regulators. However, no reports are available demonstrating the effect of plant growth regulators on light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE). Field studies were conducted in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA in 2006 and 2007. RUE was estimated for the period between the pinhead square stage (PHS) of growth and 3 weeks after first flower (FF+3) from plots receiving three applications of the nitrophenolate and mepiquat chloride with Bacillus cereus plant growth regulators (Chaperone™) at 7·19 g a.i./ha and Pix Plus® at 41·94 g a.i./ha compared with an untreated control. No differences between the Chaperone treatment and the untreated control were found in the present study. However, Pix Plus significantly reduced plant height (both 2006 and 2007) and leaf area (2007 only), and altered the canopy structure of the crop as recorded by increased values of canopy extinction coefficient. Although DM accumulation was found not to be affected by plant growth regulator treatments, RUE was significantly increased after Pix Plus application, by 33·2%. RUE was increased because less light was intercepted by the Pix Plus treatment for the same biomass production, and this is probably a result of changes in photosynthetic capacity of the leaves and changes in light distribution throughout the canopy.

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33

Damay, N., and J. Le Gouis. "Radiation use efficiency of sugar beet in Northern France." European Journal of Agronomy 2, no. 3 (1993): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1161-0301(14)80127-5.

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34

PENUELAS, JOSEP, IOLANDA FILELLA, and JOHN A. GAMON. "Assessment of photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency with spectral reflectance." New Phytologist 131, no. 3 (November 1995): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03064.x.

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35

Calderini, Daniel F., María F. Dreccer, and Gustavo A. Slafer. "Consequences of breeding on biomass, radiation interception and radiation-use efficiency in wheat." Field Crops Research 52, no. 3 (June 1997): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(96)03465-x.

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36

Bennett, J. M., T. R. Sinclair, Li Ma, and K. J. Boote. "Single Leaf Carbon Exchange and Canopy Radiation Use Efficiency of Four Peanut Cultivars1." Peanut Science 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-20-1-1.

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Abstract Knowledge of the interception of solar radiation by crop canopies and the use of that radiation for carbon assimilation is essential for understanding crop growth and yield as a function of the environment. A field experiment was conducted in 1990 at Gainesville, FL to determine if differences in single leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), canopy radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (g dry matter produced per unit of solar radiation intercepted), and increase in seed harvest index with time exist among several commonly grown peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. Four cultivars (Early Bunch, Florunner, Marc I, and Southern Runner) were grown in field plots on a Kendrick fine sand (a loamy, siliceous, hyperthermic Arenic Paleudult) under fully irrigated, intensive management. Total crop and seed dry matter accumulation were determined, and canopy radiation interception measured at weekly intervals. CER of uppermost, fully expanded sunlit leaves were determined at midday at 2-wk intervals. Single leaf CER's were similar among cultivars (25 to 35 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and relatively stable throughout most of the season, before declining during late seed filling. Although interception of radiation differed somewhat among cultivars during early canopy development, total crop dry matter accumulation was linearly related to the cumulative amount of radiation intercepted by all four cultivars (r2=≥0.99). Radiation use efficiency was similar among all cultivars with a mean of 1.00 g dry matter accumulated per MJ of intercepted solar radiation. The increase in seed harvest index with time was linear (r2≤0.94) and the rates of increase were similar among the Early Bunch, Florunner, and Marc I cultivars (0.0058 d-1), but lower (0.0043 d-1) for the later maturing Southern Runner cultivar. Results from this study indicated that the primary differences among these four cultivars were in early-season development of the leaf canopy and resultant radiation interception and the rate of seed growth, rather than the capacity to assimilate carbon dioxide.

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37

Boese, Sven, Martin Jung, Nuno Carvalhais, and Markus Reichstein. "The importance of radiation for semiempirical water-use efficiency models." Biogeosciences 14, no. 12 (June 22, 2017): 3015–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3015-2017.

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Abstract. Water-use efficiency (WUE) is a fundamental property for the coupling of carbon and water cycles in plants and ecosystems. Existing model formulations predicting this variable differ in the type of response of WUE to the atmospheric vapor pressure deficit of water (VPD). We tested a representative WUE model on the ecosystem scale at 110 eddy covariance sites of the FLUXNET initiative by predicting evapotranspiration (ET) based on gross primary productivity (GPP) and VPD. We found that introducing an intercept term in the formulation increases model performance considerably, indicating that an additional factor needs to be considered. We demonstrate that this intercept term varies seasonally and we subsequently associate it with radiation. Replacing the constant intercept term with a linear function of global radiation was found to further improve model predictions of ET. Our new semiempirical ecosystem WUE formulation indicates that, averaged over all sites, this radiation term accounts for up to half (39–47 %) of transpiration. These empirical findings challenge the current understanding of water-use efficiency on the ecosystem scale.

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38

Li, Lin, Rosalind A. Bueckert, Yantai Gan, and Tom Warkentin. "Light interception and radiation use efficiency of fern- and unifoliate-leaf chickpea cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 1025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07056.

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A chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) crop with rapid leaf development, high solar radiation interception, and efficient use of radiation can maximize the yield potential in a short-season typical of the Northern Great Plains. This study determined the effects of cultivars varying in leaf architecture on light interception (LI) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) in chickpea. Six kabuli chickpea cultivars with fern and unifoliate-leaf traits were grown under low (45 plants m-2) and high (85 plants m-2) population density at Saskatoon and Swift Current, Saskatchewan, in 2003 and 2004. Fern-leaf cultivars achieved consistently higher maximum LI, and greater cumulative intercepted radiation than cultivars with the unifoliate-leaf. Estimated RUE varied largely with growing season, but did not differ among cultivars or between plant populations. Compared with low plant population, high plant population resulted in greater maximum LI in only 1 out of 4 location-years, but higher cumulative intercepted radiation in 3 out of 4 location-years. Our results indicated that future high-yielding kabuli chickpea cultivars for short seasons will benefit from increased canopy LI and seasonal cumulative intercepted radiation via the fern-leaf trait, although the fern-leaf does not further increase RUE. Use of fern-leaf cultivars, coupled with adoption of strategies that promote a rapid canopy development and improved radiation interception are keys to maximizing chickpea yield potential in the short-seasons experienced in the Northern Great Plains. Key words: Cicer arietinum, pinnate fern-leaf, unifoliate, plant population, canopy, radiation interception

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39

Hammer, GL, and GC Wright. "A theoretical analysis of nitrogen and radiation effects on radiation use efficiency in peanut." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 3 (1994): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940575.

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Radiation use efficiency (RUE) of well-watered crops, measured as grams of biomass accumulated for each megajoule of intercepted total solar radiation, is affected by the level of leaf nitrogen in the canopy and has been related to the canopy specific leaf nitrogen (SLN; g N m-2 leaf area). A number of field experiments on peanut have measured RUE values greater than current theories predict on the basis of their canopy SLN levels. It is possible that these discrepancies between measured and theoretical values may be caused by non-uniform distribution of SLN in the canopy, incident radiation level, and/or the influence of diffuse radiation. In this study, we developed a theoretical framework to predict the consequences of these factors on RUE in peanut and used it to explain the causes of discrepancies between theory and practice. The framework is structured to determine photosynthesis of a layered crop canopy by distributing incident radiation among sunlit and shaded leaves in each layer. It allows for variation in incident direct and diffuse radiation associated with location (latitude), time of year, time of day, and atmospheric condition, which is expressed as the degree of transmission of extra-terrestrial radiation. It also allows for variation in photosynthetic capacity associated with average SLN of the canopy and its distribution in the canopy. Daily canopy photosynthesis, intercepted radiation, and RUE are obtained by numerical integration of instantaneous values calculated at specific times of the day. The framework predicted experimentally determined RUE values accurately and quantified the contribution of each major factor to variation in RUE. On clear days, with high canopy SLN, RUE was predicted to be 1.l g MJ-1. The major cause of previous underestimation of RUE was found to be variation in RUE associated with the level of incident radiation flux density as affected by the degree of atmospheric transmission. RUE increased by up to 0.4 g MJ-1 as atmospheric transmission decreased from 0.75 (clear sky) to 0.35 (heavy cloud). However, varying incident radiation by changing time of year or latitude did not affect RUE. Partitioning incident radiation into direct and diffuse components and consideration of canopy gradients in SLN both had significant effects on RUE, but of a lesser magnitude than effects of degree of atmospheric transmission. The former caused increases in RUE of up to 0.15 g MJ-l, while the latter caused increases of up to 0.13 g MJ-1 at low canopy SLN. Hence, by quantifying the understanding of plant physiological processes and integrating appropriately to the canopy scale, this theoretical framework has explained the causes of discrepancies between measured RUE and previous theoretical estimates.

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40

Richter, Goetz M., Keith W. Jaggard, and Rowan A. C. Mitchell. "Modelling radiation interception and radiation use efficiency for sugar beet under variable climatic stress." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 109, no. 1 (August 2001): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(01)00242-8.

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41

Rizzalli, R. H., F. J. Villalobos, and F. Orgaz. "Radiation interception, radiation-use efficiency and dry matter partitioning in garlic (Allium sativum L.)." European Journal of Agronomy 18, no. 1-2 (December 2002): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1161-0301(02)00094-1.

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42

Sandaña, Patricio, Magdalena Ramírez, and Dante Pinochet. "Radiation interception and radiation use efficiency of wheat and pea under different P availabilities." Field Crops Research 127 (February 2012): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.11.005.

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43

Schluter, Dolph. "Adaptive Radiation in Sticklebacks: Size, Shape, and Habitat Use Efficiency." Ecology 74, no. 3 (April 1993): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940797.

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44

Singer, J. W., T. J. Sauer, B. C. Blaser, and D. W. Meek. "Radiation Use Efficiency in Dual Winter Cereal-Forage Production Systems." Agronomy Journal 99, no. 4 (July 2007): 1175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0033.

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45

Kiniry, James R., and Gerald W. Evers. "Radiation Use Efficiency of Arrowleaf, Crimson, Rose, and Subterranean Clovers." Agronomy Journal 100, no. 4 (July 2008): 1155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0335.

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46

Gramig, Greta G., David E. Stoltenberg, and John M. Norman. "Weed species radiation-use efficiency as affected by competitive environment." Weed Science 54, no. 6 (November 2006): 1013–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-012r.1.

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47

S. S. HUNDAL, PRABHJYOT KAUR, and S.D.S MALIKPURI. "Radiation use efficiency of mustard cultivars under different sowing dates." Journal of Agrometeorology 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2004): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v6i1.698.

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48

Phillips, Xavier A., Yuba R. Kandel, Mark A. Licht, and Daren S. Mueller. "Estimating Soybean Radiation Use Efficiency Using a UAV in Iowa." Agronomy 10, no. 12 (December 20, 2020): 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10122002.

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Radiation use efficiency (RUE) is difficult to estimate and unreasonable to perform on a small plot scale using traditional techniques. However, the increased availability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) provides the ability to collect spatial and temporal data at high resolution and frequency, which has made a potential workaround. An experiment was completed in Iowa to (i) demonstrate RUE estimation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] from reflectance data derived from consumer-grade UAV imagery and (ii) investigate the impact of foliar fungicides on RUE in Iowa. Some fungicides are promoted to have plant health benefits beyond disease protection, and changes in RUE may capture their effect. Frogeye leaf spot severity did not exceed 2%. RUE values ranged from 0.98 to 1.07 and 0.96 to 1.12 across the entire season and the period post-fungicide application, respectively, and fell within the range of previously published soybean RUE values. Plots treated with fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin had more canopy cover (p = 0.078) compared to the non-treated control 133 days after planting (DAP), but yields did not differ. A “greening effect” was detected at the end of the sample collection. RUE estimation using UAV imagery can be considered a viable option for the evaluation of management techniques on a small plot scale. Since it is directly related to yield, RUE could be an appropriate parameter to elucidate the impact of plant diseases and other stresses on yield.

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Sinclair, T. R., J. M. Bennett, and K. J. Boote. "Leaf Nitrogen Content, Photosynthesis and Radiation Use Efficiency in Peanut1." Peanut Science 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-20-1-11.

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Abstract It has been hypothesized that a close correlation exists between specific leaf nitrogen content (SLN, g N m-2 leaf area) and leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), and crop radiation use efficiency (RUE). This association has not been investigated previously in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) so the objective of this research was to obtain such data under greenhouse and field conditions. In the greenhouse study differing nitrogen fertilizer treatments for a non-nodulated cultivar resulted in leaves with a wide range of SLN and CER. A strong, positive association between SLN and CER was found. In the field little variation in either SLN or CER was observed through much of the growing season in four commercial cultivars. Consistent with the observation of stability in SLN and CER, RUE based on total, intercepted solar radiation was found to be constant at 1.00 g MJ-1 through the growing season. However, the observed RUE was 29% greater than a theoretical RUE calculated assuming a uniform distribution of SLN in the canopy. One possibility is that RUE of peanuts may be enhanced by a nonuniform SLN distribution within its leaf canopy. In any event, the results of both the greenhouse and field tests showed that peanut CO2 assimilation is closely linked to leaf SLN.

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Sinclair, T. R., and T. Horie. "Leaf Nitrogen, Photosynthesis, and Crop Radiation Use Efficiency: A Review." Crop Science 29, no. 1 (January 1989): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900010023x.

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