Relevant bibliographies by topics / Radiation warning systems

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Radiation warning systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Radiation warning systems"

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Gostilo, Vladimirs, Andrey Vlasenko, Vasily Litvinsky, and Igors Krainukovs. "Development of nuclear radiation monitors for radiation early warning systems." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 37, no. 3 (2022): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp2203193g.

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The results of the development of modern precision monitors of alpha, beta and gamma ray radiation for setting up early warning systems for radioactive contamination in the atmosphere and rapid assessment of emerging threats, are presented. Proportional counters, scintillation SrI (Eu) crystals and semiconductor Si, CdZnTe, and HPGe detectors are used for 2 the development. The designed monitors provide information both on dose rate values in real time and on the activity of specific radionuclides. The software controls the measurement mode, as well as diagnoses the condition of the monitors themselves.
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Tran Duc Tan. "DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART OCEAN RADIATION MONITORING SYSTEM." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 75A (November 11, 2021): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.75a.2021.38-45.

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Ocean radiation monitoring systems (ORMSs) are an essential component in the radiation early warning network that monitors radiation exposure and estimates radioactive propagation induced by nuclear activities or nuclear accidents in the sea. Numerous systems have been developed and installed in the radiation warning network in different countries. However, there is not any similar product that has been studied and developed in Vietnam. This paper presents a complete process in designing and manufacturing a marine buoy integrated with a radiation sensor. The radiation detector can measure both dose rate and radiological spectrum. The ORMS also combines multimodal data transmission and various programmed software for data processing, signal transmission, and system control. Therefore, the proposed configuration system has potential application in terms of performance and maintenance.
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Saifullah, Muhammad, Imran Sarwar Bajwa, Muhammad Ibrahim, and Mutyyba Asghar. "IoT-Enabled Intelligent System for the Radiation Monitoring and Warning Approach." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (December 20, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2769958.

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Radiations are especially harmful to children and infants as their body cells divide rapidly, thus providing radiations more chances to interfere with the organs, leading to a number of diseases, especially those related to the skin. Therefore, the demand for a system that can detect harmful radiations timely and effectively becomes high. Many new and modern techniques comprising radiation protection and alerting systems are being introduced along with improvements and enhancements. This study demonstrates the practical implementation of an IoT-enabled intelligent system based on machine learning for radiation monitoring and warning by classifying radiations and their corresponding effects on infants. The proposed system alerts humans about the danger zones with audio/visual announcements or a buzz so that they can move to a safer place. Along with this automatic sensor system, a real-time dataset is also collected, in which sensor values are recorded along with their effects on infants for experiments. Additionally, the outcomes of the effect of radiations corresponding to the recorded sensor values are classified by using support vector machines, Gaussian naïve Bayes, decision trees, extra trees, bagging classifiers, random forests, logistic regression, and adaptive boosting classifiers. The experiment reveals that the adaptive boosting classifier gives the best accuracy of 81.77% compared to other classifiers.
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PETRÁNYI, JÁNOS, LAJOS KÁTAI-URBÁN, and ATTILA ZSITNYÁNYI. "INVESTIGATION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF EARLY WARNING RADIATION MONITORING SYSTEMS." Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination 4 (2020): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/fe.2020.4.66-72.

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Ванкевич, П., та Н. Фтомин. "ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ СИГНАЛІВ ГЕНЕРОВАНИХ СЕНСОРАМИ ВОЛОКОННОЇ ОПТИКИ В СИСТЕМАХ ПОПЕРЕДЖЕННЯ ВОГНЕВОГО УРАЖЕННЯ". Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, № 20 (14 грудня 2023): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2023.20.125-130.

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An actual problem today is the improvement of a mobile optical reconnaissance system designed to detect snipers, observers, artillery correctors, including camouflaged ones equipped with optical sights. With the help of optical surveillance devices, it is possible to detect and estimate the distance to them, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of the physical effect of light reflection, which consists in the ability of optical systems to reflect probing radiation in the reverse direction at an angle close to the angle of its incidence, that is, illumination by a laser and capture of the reflected image, as well as the processing of this signal. The study of the processes of the propagation of laser radiation in the atmosphere (including in a turbulent environment) is given considerable attention in connection with the wide application of lasers in systems operating through the atmosphere. Indeed, the accuracy of laser devices of a wide range of applications (geodetic, in weapons systems and military equipment, portable, mounted in the system of combat equipment of a serviceman performing special tasks, etc.), spatial and temporal separation of laser locators, the possibility and accuracy of determining environmental parameters by remote laser methods can be estimated only taking into account the fluctuations of the field of optical beams. Keywords: combat tasks, optical reconnaissance, sniper, conical diffraction, diffraction grating, signal element, laser, sensor.
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Haferkemper, Nils, and Wjatscheslaw Pepler. "Photobiological safety of LED-based lighting systems – theory and practical hazard assessment." Advanced Optical Technologies 8, no. 1 (2019): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2018-0053.

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Abstract This article gives an insight into the theory and application of photobiological safety assessment. To illustrate several aspects of this topic, the project ‘Measurement and assessment of optical radiation sources, relevant to the general population – Risk estimation to the eye, especially blue light hazard and glare’ by the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection, where 40 different products were measured and assessed, is used as an exemplary case. Products were chosen which were promoted to have a high output intensity and which are available to the public. Most of the products with incoherent radiation were classified in risk group 2 according to DIN EN 62471:2009 [DIN EN 62471:2009 – ‘Photobiologische Sicherheit von Lampen und Lampensystemen’]. Only a few of them were labeled correctly or had the right warning notice. Additionally, to the results of this market survey, practical aspects of the hazard measurement and assessment are emphasized.
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Nguyen, Van Sy, Quang Thieu Dang, and Bao My Nguyen Thi. "Research on development of multi - channel analyzer used for monitoring and warning radiation equipment." Nuclear Science and Technology 5, no. 1 (2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v5i1.183.

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The subject assigned to this paper presents research on development of multi-channel analyzer used for monitoring and warning environmental radiation equipment under the project KC.05.16/11-15 "Research on manufacturing equipment monitoring and warning radiation". In this thematic we have two subjects that need to be resolved such as: i) Designing spectroscopy amplifier block (AMP) duty pulse signals obtained about few hundred millivolts output from scintillation detector preamplifier, amplified as a few volts and the standard Gaussian pulses shaped to connect to the analog-to-digital converter. The spectroscopy amplifier block can change the gain by digital control to respond to the problem of automatic spectrum stability for multi-channel analyzer systems. ii) Designing analog-to-digital converter block (ADC) in accordance with the actual conditions, such as high stability, fast convertion time, high throughput, and it consums low energy. Selecting suitable microprocessor for fast connection ability, to operate reliably paired with the analog-to-digital converter into a multi-channel analyzer (MCA) serving analysis.
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Coco, M., E. Marchetti, and O. Morandi. "Numerical Modeling of Infrasound Energy Radiation by Debris Flow Events." Pure and Applied Geophysics 178, no. 6 (2021): 2301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02759-2.

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AbstractDebris flows constitute a severe natural hazard in Alpine regions. Studies are performed to understand the event predictability and to identify early warning systems and procedures. These are based both on sensors deployed along the channels or on the amplitude of seismic and infrasound waves radiated by the flow and recorded far away. Despite being very promising, infrasound cannot be used to infer the source characteristics due to the lack of a physical model of the infrasound energy radiated by debris flows. Here the simulation of water flow along a simple channel is presented, experiencing the fall from a dam, performed within the open source simulation code OpenFOAM. The pressure perturbation within the atmosphere produced by the flow is extracted and the infrasound signature of the events as a function of the flow characteristics is defined. Numerical results suggest that infrasound is radiated immediately downstream of the dam with amplitude and period that scale with dam height and water level. Modeled infrasound waveform is interpreted as being produced mostly by waves at the water free surface developing downstream of the dam. Despite the effect of sediments is not considered in this first study and will be implemented in future investigations, numerical results obtained with this simple model are in general agreement with experimental results obtained from array analysis of infrasound data recorded at Illgraben, Switzerland. Results highlight how numerical modeling can provide critical information to define a source mechanism of infrasound energy radiation by debris-flow, that is required also to improve early warning systems.
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Singh, Mukesh Kumar, Shasvath J. Kapadia, Md Arif Shaikh, Deep Chatterjee, and Parameswaran Ajith. "Improved early warning of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation: a population study." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 2 (2021): 1612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab125.

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ABSTRACT A gravitational wave early warning of a compact binary coalescence event, with a sufficiently tight localization skymap, would allow telescopes to point in the direction of the potential electromagnetic counterpart before its onset. Use of higher modes of gravitational radiation, in addition to the dominant mode typically used in templated real-time searches, was recently shown to produce significant improvements in early-warning times and skyarea localizations for a range of asymmetric mass binaries. We perform a large-scale study to assess the benefits of this method for a population of compact binary merger observations. In particular, we inject 100 000 such signals in Gaussian noise, with component masses $m_1 \in \left[1, 60 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ and $m_2 \in \left[1, 3 \right] \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. We consider three scenarios involving ground-based detectors: the fifth (O5) observing run of the Advanced LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network, its projected Voyager upgrade, as well as a proposed third-generation (3G) network. We find that for fixed early-warning times of 20–60 s, the inclusion of the higher modes can provide localization improvements of a factor of ≳2 for up to ${\sim}60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ ($70 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of the neutron star–black hole (NSBH) systems in the O5 (Voyager) scenario. Considering only those NSBH systems that can produce potential electromagnetic counterparts, such improvements in the localization can be expected for ${\sim}5\!-\!35{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ $(20\!-\!50{{\ \rm per\ cent}})$ binaries in O5 (Voyager). For the 3G scenario, a significant fraction of the events have time gains of a minute to several minutes, assuming fiducial target localization areas of 100–1000 deg2.
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Nai, Feng, Jami Boettcher, Christopher Curtis, David Schvartzman, and Sebastián Torres. "The Impact of Elevation Sidelobe Contamination on Radar Data Quality for Operational Interpretation." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 4 (2020): 707–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0092.1.

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AbstractTo fulfill the evolving observational needs of the National Weather Service (NWS), future weather radar systems will have to meet demanding requirements. Designing such systems will likely involve trade-offs between system cost and operational performance. A potential cost driver for future weather radars that could cause significant data-quality impacts on forecasters is the required angular resolution and sidelobe performance, which are mainly dictated by the antenna radiation pattern. Typical antenna radiation patterns can be characterized by the width of the main lobe and their sidelobe levels, which are traditionally measured across the azimuthal and elevation dimensions. In this work, we study the impact of increasing sidelobe levels on NWS forecasters’ data interpretation during warning operations. The resulting impact model can be used by decision-makers to better understand the cost–benefit trade-offs inherent in any radar system design.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiation warning systems"

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Zakariya, Nasiru Imam. "Development of nuclear-radiological facility monitoring system." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2182.

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Thesis (DTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.<br>The widespread application of nuclear science and technology has been the subject of much concern as well as nuclear safety issues. And to ensure the safety of public life, property and environment, it is indispensable to improve the emergency system for nuclear accidents and the environmental monitoring system for nuclear radiation, so that the occurrence of nuclear accidents, terrorist incidents and the resulting hazards can be prevented or minimized. Due to the benefits of radiation which were earlier and now recognized in the use of X-rays for medical diagnosis and then later with the discoveries of radiation and radioactivity, there was rush in exploiting the medical benefits which eventually led fairly to the recognition of the risks and induced harm associated with it. Thus, only the most obvious harms resulting from high doses of radiation, such as radiation burns, were initially observed and protection efforts were focused on their prevention, mainly for practitioners rather than patients. Subsequently, it was gradually recognized that there were other, less obvious, harmful radiation effects such as radiation-induced cancer, for which there is certain risk even at low doses of radiation.
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Gwin, Louis. "Speak no evil: the promotional heritage of nuclear risk communication." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54182.

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The electric utility companies that own and/or operate the nation’s 112 licensed commercial nuclear power reactors are required by federal law to provide emergency information to residents living around those plants in advance of a nuclear plant emergency. This requires the owner/operators to acknowledge certain risks (e.g., radiation, nuclear plant accidents, evacuation, etc.) that face people living near nuclear generating plants. This dissertation critiques the effectiveness of pre-emergency risk communication strategies by nuclear utilities. Specifically, the dissertation demonstrates that certain historic message themes about nuclear power- termed the "nuclear ethic" -have become embedded in the rhetoric of current nuclear risk communication programs and downplay or mask the seriousness of nuclear plant emergencies, thereby contributing to the apparent ineffectiveness of these communication programs. For example, a survey of residents living around four nuclear plants who receive utility risk communication materials found that nearly two-thirds said they would not follow official instructions in a nuclear plant emergency. Such promotional rhetoric and images remain a part of nuclear risk communication programs because agencies which regulate nuclear power delegate their responsibility for pre-emergency risk communication to the utilities operating the plants. Moreover, there is little involvement in pre-emergency nuclear risk communication by state and local governments. This suggests that risk communication serves a latent symbolic role rather than a functional role for both the regulatory agencies and the utilities by making both groups appear to be isomorphic with societal goals of safety and security for a risky technology. The dissertation concludes by suggesting federal regulatory agencies, and specifically the Federal Emergency Management Agency, intensify their vigilance of risk communication planning and take steps to create authentic two-way communication between the nuclear utilities and the public living near the plants. One way this could be done is by establishing local citizens advisory committees to assess utility risk communication programs and suggest improvements that would help bridge the gap between the nuclear industry’s view of nuclear plant risk and that of the public.<br>Ph. D.
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Goshev, Stefan Antoanov. "Analysis of smuggler movement on multiple transportation networks." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3357.

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We analyze an interdiction problem in which a nuclear-material smuggler can traverse multiple transportation networks, wherein each edge has an indigenous probability of evasion. Our objective is to determine the optimal locations of a limited number of radiation detectors at United States ports of entry across multiple networks (maritime, road and rail) so as to minimize the smuggler's total probability of evasion, from origin to destination. We choose geographically diverse potential origins and give the smuggler freedom to move across and between transportation networks. Further, we consider two different models of smuggler behavior in this context. Our analysis aims to provide a complete prioritization and picture of the threat at all ports of entry, leading to insight into good practical locations for detectors.<br>text
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Hawley, Megan Lynn. "Interdicting smuggler movement with transparent and non-transparent assets." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-5765.

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We analyze an interdiction problem in which a nuclear-material smuggler can traverse the rail and road ports of entry (POEs) along the Mexican and Canadian borders of the United States. Our objective is to determine the optimal locations of a limited number of transparent and non-transparent assets so as to minimize the smuggler’s total probability of evasion, from origin to destination. We choose origins in Mexico and Canada and give the smuggler a diverse set of destinations to choose from. Our analysis aims to provide a complete prioritization and picture of the threat at Mexican and Canadian POEs, leading to insight into practical locations for transparent and non-transparent assets.<br>text
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Books on the topic "Radiation warning systems"

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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Radiation alarms and access control systems: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. The Council, 1986.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. Nuclear terrorism prevention: Status report on the federal government's assessment of new radiation detection monitors : hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, September 18, 2007. U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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Sullivan, Randolph. Emergency preparedness significance quantification process: Proof of concept / prepared by Randolph Sullivan [and four others]. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response, 2013.

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Roland, Posner, ed. Warnungen an die ferne Zukunft: Atommüll als Kommunikationsproblem. Raben, 1990.

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Egidi, Pietro. Detection of nuclear weapons and materials. Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Quality assurance for diagnostic imaging equipment: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. The Council, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Electronic warfare: Costly radar warning receiver duplication continues : report to the Chairman, Legislation and National Security Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. The Office, 1993.

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Office, General Accounting. Electronic warfare: The Army can reduce its risks in developing new radar countermeasures system : report to the Secretary of Defense. U.S. General Accounting Office, 2001.

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Office, General Accounting. Electronic warfare: Reliable equipment needed to test Air Force's electronic warfare systems : report to the chairman, Legislation and National Security Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. U.S. General Accounting Office, 1989.

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Office, General Accounting. Electronic warfare: Comprehensive strategy still needed for suppressing enemy air defenses : report to the Secretary of Defense. U.S. General Accounting Office, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Radiation warning systems"

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Di Napoli, Claudia, Alessandro Messeri, Martin Novák, et al. "The Universal Thermal Climate Index as an Operational Forecasting Tool of Human Biometeorological Conditions in Europe." In Applications of the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI in Biometeorology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76716-7_10.

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AbstractIn operational weather forecasting standard environmental parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, are traditionally used to predict thermal conditions in the future. These parameters, however, are not enough to describe the thermal stress induced by the outdoor environment to the human body as they neglect the human heat budget and personal characteristics (e.g. clothing). The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) overcomes these limitations by using an advanced thermo-physiological model coupled with a state-of-the-art clothing model. Several systems have been recently developed to operationally forecast human biometeorological conditions via the UTCI, i.e. by computing UTCI from the forecasts of air temperature, humidity, wind speed and radiation as provided by numerical weather prediction models. Here we describe the UTCI-based forecasting systems developed in Czech Republic, Italy, Poland, Portugal and at the pan-European scale. Their characteristics are illustrated and their potential as warning systems for thermal hazards discussed.
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Buruiană, Vasile, and Mihaela Oprea. "A Microcontroller-Based Radiation Monitoring and Warning System." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33412-2_39.

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Buele, Jorge, Francisco I. Chango, María de Los Ángeles Chango, Marlon Santamaría, and José Varela-Aldás. "System for Monitoring and Warning of the Ultraviolet Radiation Index: A Study Case in Ecuador Elementary Schools." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58817-5_60.

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Brown, Timothy, Daniel McEvoy, Andrew Andrade, and Britt Parker. "Exploring atmospheric evaporative demand in relation to wildland fire." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_27.

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Evaporative demand, the upper limit of actual evapotranspiration (ET) that could occur given unlimited surface water supply, has a strong connection to drought and wildfire potential in the western United States and globally. A physically based evaporative demand formulation incorporates temperature, wind speed, humidity, and incoming shortwave radiation – components that drive land surface‐atmosphere interactions and drying. These are also the primary physically based components in the U.S. National Fire Danger Rating System as well as inputs to other fire danger systems. Thus, correspondence between evaporative demand and fire danger can be expected and this has previously been demonstrated such as via the Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI) indicator. For example, EDDI can be decomposed to examine the weighted physical factors over time leading up to a fire event. Utilizing evaporative demand for monitoring and prediction can serve as an early warning of significant fire potential weeks to possibly months in advance. Similarly, evaporative demand can inform prescribed burn planning. Based on the exploration of EDDI indicators prior to fire events, this presentation will discuss analyses of evaporative demand in the context of both wildfire and prescribed fire with an ultimate goal to better understand if and how evaporative demand can be used to inform wildland fire management decisions.
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Eiumnoh, Apisit, and Rajendra P. Shrestha. "A Drought Warning System for Thailand." In Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162349.003.0036.

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Thailand is located between 5°30' and 20°30'N latitudes and between 97°30' and 105°30'E longitudes. Geographically, the country can be divided into northern, northeastern, central, and southern regions. Most of the country experiences distinct wet and dry climates, except some parts of the southern region, which experience a wet and humid climate. Of the country’s total area (514,000 km2), 41% is under agricultural use (Office of Agricultural Economics, 1999) with 92% of it being rainfed. Drought normally occurs during the hot season (March–April) and sometimes during dry season (November–April) due to inadequate rains. In recent times, the occurrence of drought has increased in Thailand, threatening sustainability of agricultural production. According to Department of Local Administration (1998), droughts of varying intensity occur in 67 out of 76 provinces of Thailand almost every year. During the period from 1987 to 1997, drought impacted a total of 5.44 million ha of agricultural land, causing $1.4 billion in losses. Droughts of varying intensity or severity occur in different regions of Thailand. A drought is categorized as severe, moderate, slight, or none drought using a radiative index (RI) determined during the rainy season (May– October). The RI for a region is determined using the number of rainy days, percentage of irrigated area, groundwater availability, topography, land use, soil, drainage density, and watershed size. If RI ranges from 1.0 to 1.2 for 15 consecutive days for a region or area, the region is said to be affected by slight drought. If RI exceeds 1.2 for 30 consecutive days, the region is considered to be affected by moderate drought, and if RI exceeds 1.0 for more than 30 consecutive days, severe drought is said to have occurred in the region. Using these criteria, the percentage of area affected by different drought categories has been determined in Thailand. It can be observed from table 25.1 that the northeastern region is the most droughtprone in Thailand. A drought index, D, is also used to monitor drought conditions in Thailand.
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Boudriki Semlali, Badr-Eddine, Carlos Molina, Mireia Carvajal Librado, Hyuk Park, and Adriano Camps. "Potential Earthquake Proxies from Remote Sensing Data." In New Insights on Disaster Risk Reduction [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005382.

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At present, there is no clear scientific evidence of reliable earthquake precursors that can be used as an early warning system. However, many studies have also reported the existence of faint signatures that appear to be coupled to the occurrence of earthquakes. These anomalies have traditionally been detected using data from in-situ sensors near high-seismicity regions. On the other hand, remote sensors offer the potential of large spatial coverage and frequent revisit time, allowing the observation of remote areas such as deserts, mountains, polar caps, or the ocean. This chapter revises the state-of-the-art of the understanding of lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling. It also presents recent studies by the authors’ ongoing investigation on short-to-midterm earthquake precursors. The Earth observation variables discussed are (1) surface temperature anomalies from thermal infrared or microwave radiometer measurements, (2) atmospheric signatures, (3) ionospheric total electron density fluctuations or scintillation measured from GNSS signals, and (4) other geophysical variables, including geomagnetic field fluctuations, changes in the Schumann resonance frequency, or low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. However, despite the seismic hazard risk models that exist and the results shown by these studies, it is still very difficult to predict the occurrence of earthquakes.
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Silva, Mafalda, Rita Durão, Catarina Alonso, and Célia Gouveia. "Mediterranean fire danger classes based on the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System, taking into account the Fire Radiative Power products from SEVIRI/MSG satellite." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_183.

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Fire danger rating systems (FDRS) are widely used across the world for many purposes from planning for daily deployment of fire suppression resources to the evaluation of fire management strategies. FDRS can also be incorporated in different types of models and regions to assess the short and long-term effects of specific fire regimes and fire management policies. The Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System (FWIS) is a widely known FDR system, being extensively applied for fire danger early warning in several regions around the world, namely over Europe. The FWIS includes a set of six sub-indices, based on meteorological data, to predict fire weather danger and fire behavior over regions under study. In order to have a reliable assessment of the fire danger based on the FWIS it is essential to define the most suitable threshold values for each danger class of the FWIS sub-indices over different regions. To establish those limit values for each class of the FWIS sub-indices, historical percentiles were computed for the period understudy, taking into account the occurred fire events (hotspots), despite the lack of information regarding fire events history and its relation to FWIS sub-indices. To accomplish the proposed validation, our approach is based on Fire Radiative Energy (FRE) released by each fire event that occurred in the Mediterranean region, over the study period. The FRE is computed from Fire Radiative Power (FRP) product as obtained from MSG/SEVIRI, generated and disseminated in near real-time by EUMETSAT in the framework of Land Surface Analysis Satellite Applications Facility (LSA SAF). Since FRP estimates the radiative power emitted by a given fire, it can be linked to local fuel burned amounts and be used as a proxy of fire intensity. By integrating FRP measures emitted during the lifetime of the fires that occurred over the regions under study, an estimate of the total FRE released can be easily obtained for each event. To obtain the FRE data for this work, it was considered the period of available FRP/SEVIRI data, from March 2010 to October 2021. Thresholds values of each defined danger class for the FWI, FFMC and ISI indices were calculated considering the total FRE hotspots registered, in agreement with the different fire regimes of the Mediterranean region. Since extreme wildfire patterns in Southern Mediterranean countries have been increasing over the last years, FRP/FRE products are a key tool to monitor and to improve fire managing activities, preparedness-including planning for deployment of fire suppression resources, over affected regions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Radiation warning systems"

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Vijayakumaran, P. M., C. P. Nagaraj, C. Paramasivan Pillai, R. Ramakrishnan, and M. Sivaramakrishna. "Nuclear Instrumentation Systems in Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49354.

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The nuclear instrumentation systems of the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) primarily comprise of global Neutron Flux Monitoring, Failed Fuel Detection &amp; Location, Radiation Monitoring and Post-Accident Monitoring. High temperature fission chambers are provided at in-vessel locations for monitoring neutron flux. Failed fuel detection and location is by monitoring the cover gas for fission gases and primary sodium for delayed neutrons. Signals of the core monitoring detectors are used to initiate SCRAM to protect the reactor from various postulated initiating events. Radiation levels in all potentially radioactive areas are monitored to act as an early warning system to keep the release of radioactivity to the environment and exposure to personnel well below the permissible limits. Fission Chambers and Gamma Ionisation Chambers are located in the reactor vault concrete for monitoring the neutron flux and gamma radiation levels during and after an accident.
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Machado, Luiz A. T., Carlos F. Angelis, and Wagner F. A. Lima. "A Severe Storm Warning System based in Radar and Satellite Data." In CURRENT PROBLEMS IN ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION (IRS 2008): Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium (IRC/IAMAS). American Institute of Physics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3117004.

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Mazzeo, Joseph M., and Jeromy New. "Maintenance Practices to Manage Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) of Outdoor Piping Systems in Power Plants." In ASME 2015 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2015-49606.

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The outer walls of insulated pipes are susceptible to corrosion if the insulation stays wet for long periods of time. Corroded pipes have the potential for bursting without warning, releasing steam or combustibles and insulation debris which may contain asbestos, requiring significant cleanup and repairs. Managing the associated risks requires the consideration of a number of factors such as corrosion rates, examination methods, prioritization of inspection locations, and fitness for service evaluation and repair methods. A number of factors affect the corrosion rate such as pipe material and geometry, proximity to saltwater environments, local weather, and prevailing wind directions, as well as insulation type and condition. Some locations on the piping system require additional scrutiny, such as at pipe supports where rain water can cascade down hanger rods and into openings in the insulation, and at the bottom of vertical pipe runs where moisture is prone to becoming trapped in the insulation cladding. To prioritize inspection locations, risk factors such as exposure of personnel, the potential amount of energy released, the postulated corrosion rate and failure potential based on pressure and temperature need to be taken into account. The most susceptible materials are carbon and low alloy steel. Pressurized dead leg small bore pipes are of concern due to the small wall thickness and low operating temperatures that do not provide an opportunity to dry out the insulation. Digital Radiography Testing (DRT) through insulation provides excellent results for most 6” or less diameter piping systems. Highly sensitive digital exposure plates require less radiation compared to conventional Radiography, resulting in small radiation safety zones that allow work in surrounding areas to continue during inspection. The technique is effective for the evaluation of corroding fillet welds and threaded connections, and provides a digitized image that is database friendly. It provides information on pipe diameter and schedule, which aids in the preparation of repair sketches and bill of materials before an outage occurs. Repair options include replacement and operational changes which allow abandonment as well as improvements or elimination of insulation. Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) damage is a significant issue at some plant sites where limited run time doesn’t allow the insulation to dry. In the near future, older, less economic base loaded plants that will run less frequently may fall into this category. To evaluate risk, the probability of failure needs to be considered with its potential consequence. For a pipe with CUI damage, probability of failure is dependent on the corrosion rate, pressure, pipe diameter, and thickness. The consequences are a potential injury and lost production.
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Spagnolo, Giuseppe Schirripa, and Fabio Leccese. "System to Monitor IR Radiation of LED Aircraft Warning Lights." In 2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroaerospace51421.2021.9511723.

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Li, Lunbo, Haofeng Zhang, Chunxia Zhao, and Xuelong Ding. "Radiation fog detection and warning system of highway based on wireless sensor networks." In 2014 IEEE 7th Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference (ITAIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itaic.2014.7065024.

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Zhang, Jiangang, Rongyao Tang, Xiaoxiao Xu, and Yapeng Yang. "Developing of China Nuclear Emergency Response Ability Post Fukushima Accident." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15091.

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After Fukushima nuclear accidents, China timely started national nuclear emergency coordination mechanism, and the national nuclear emergency organizations carried out effective response, strengthened communication with IAEA, widely collected all kinds of related information, carried out the monitoring on the land, sea, air, and ocean, predicted the accident consequence, and increased public communication. On all kinds of nuclear facilities, governments required the urgent circular-self safety assessments by each operators, and organized safety inspection groups to comprehensive on-site safety supervision and inspection. Safety inspection thought China overall nuclear safety condition was controllable, and safety was guaranteed. Meanwhile, safety improvements of NPPs considered the external disaster warning and operational, waterproof ability evaluations and improvements of important buildings, etc. China reported China radiation monitoring data to IAEA emergency center, and organized Chinese nuclear emergency expert delegation to develop technical exchanges with Japanese experts. From fukushima nuclear accident response experiences, China national nuclear emergency response ability should continue to increase according to the national nuclear energy scale: (1) Nuclear emergency response professional capacity needs to increase and professional quantity also need to increase. (2) Nuclear emergency response technique and ability needs to emphasize, and the practicability, systematic and integration of nuclear emergency response system also need to emphasize. (3) The operation mechanism and guarantee conditions of national nuclear emergency response system should be further to take attention and should be continuous to improve.
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7

Smirnov, S. V. "ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЗОНАНСНЫХ КОЛЕБАНИЙ В ЗАЛИВАХ ЯПОНСКОГО МОРЯ". У Fizika geosfer. ФГБУН Тихоокеанский океанологический институт им. В.И. Ильичева Дальневосточного отделения РАН, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35976/poi.2019.1.38478.

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Для численного исследования резонансных колебаний в акваториях Японского моря применяется модель, основанная на линеаризованной относительно основного состояния покоя системе уравнений мелкой воды в сферической системе координат с учетом периодического внешнего воздействия и трения о дно. Разностные аналоги уравнений модели построены на нерегулярной треугольной сетке. Расчеты резонансного отклика модельного водоема производятся для последовательностей значений частоты при заданном распределении амплитуды вынуждающей силы. Вычислительная область включает акваторию Японского моря, в модельных проливах заданы условия излучения. Цифровой рельеф дна прибрежной зоны залива Петра Великого построен на основе морских навигационных карт. Для остальной части вычислительной области применяются данные ETOPO1. С применением численной модели изучены резонансных своств акватории залива Находка, являющегося полузамкнутым водоемом с широким входом. Были получены наборы пространственновременных параметров для вынужденных колебаний, представляющих собой отклики на периодические ветровые воздействия. Проведено сравнение результатов вычислений с результатами натурных наблюдений с автоматизированного поста Находка сети наблюдения за уровнем моря российской службы предупреждения о цунами. . Численная модель позволяет получить данные о колебаниях уровня в бухтах Находка и Врангеля, в которых расположены многочисленные портовые сооружения. Представленная численная модель может быть применена при планировании размещения измерителей в натурных экспериментах, интерпретации и анализе результатовA numerical model is used for the study of resonance oscillations in the waters of the Sea of Japan. The model is based on a shallow water system linearized with respect to the ground state of rest in a spherical coordinate system, taking into account external periodical wind influence and bottom friction. Finitedifference analogues of the model equations are built on an irregular triangular grid. The resonance response of a model reservoir is calculated for sequences of frequency values for a given distribution of the driving force amplitude. The computational domain includes the waters of the Sea of Japan. Radiation conditions are specified in model straits. The digital relief of the bottom of the coastal zone of Peter the Great Bay is based on marine nautical charts. For the rest of the computing domain, ETOPO1 data is applied. With using the numerical model, the resonance properties of the water area of the Nakhodka Bay, which is a semienclosed body of water with a wide entrance, are studied. Sets of spatiotemporal parameters for forced oscillations were obtained, which are responses to periodic wind effects. A comparison of the results of calculations with the results of field observations from an automated post of a network for monitoring the sea level of the Russian tsunami warning service is carried out. The numerical model provides data on level fluctuations in the bays of Nakhodka and Wrangel, in which numerous port facilities are located. The presented numerical model can be applied in planning the placement of meters in field experiments, interpretation and analysis of the results.
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8

Smirnov, S. V. "ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЗОНАНСНЫХ КОЛЕБАНИЙ В ЗАЛИВАХ ЯПОНСКОГО МОРЯ". У Fizika geosfer. ФГБУН Тихоокеанский океанологический институт им. В.И. Ильичева Дальневосточного отделения РАН, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35976/poi.2019.50.46.011.

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Для численного исследования резонансных колебаний в акваториях Японского моря применяется модель, основанная на линеаризованной относительно основного состояния покоя системе уравнений мелкой воды в сферической системе координат с учетом периодического внешнего воздействия и трения о дно. Разностные аналоги уравнений модели построены на нерегулярной треугольной сетке. Расчеты резонансного отклика модельного водоема производятся для последовательностей значений частоты при заданном распределении амплитуды вынуждающей силы. Вычислительная область включает акваторию Японского моря, в модельных проливах заданы условия излучения. Цифровой рельеф дна прибрежной зоны залива Петра Великого построен на основе морских навигационных карт. Для остальной части вычислительной области применяются данные ETOPO1. С применением численной модели изучены резонансных своств акватории залива Находка, являющегося полузамкнутым водоемом с широким входом. Были получены наборы пространственновременных параметров для вынужденных колебаний, представляющих собой отклики на периодические ветровые воздействия. Проведено сравнение результатов вычислений с результатами натурных наблюдений с автоматизированного поста Находка сети наблюдения за уровнем моря российской службы предупреждения о цунами. . Численная модель позволяет получить данные о колебаниях уровня в бухтах Находка и Врангеля, в которых расположены многочисленные портовые сооружения. Представленная численная модель может быть применена при планировании размещения измерителей в натурных экспериментах, интерпретации и анализе результатов Ключевые слова: резонансные колебания, свободная поверхность, море, спектральный анализ, численная модель.A numerical model is used for the study of resonance oscillations in the waters of the Sea of Japan. The model is based on a shallow water system linearized with respect to the ground state of rest in a spherical coordinate system, taking into account external periodical wind influence and bottom friction. Finitedifference analogues of the model equations are built on an irregular triangular grid. The resonance response of a model reservoir is calculated for sequences of frequency values for a given distribution of the driving force amplitude. The computational domain includes the waters of the Sea of Japan. Radiation conditions are specified in model straits. The digital relief of the bottom of the coastal zone of Peter the Great Bay is based on marine nautical charts. For the rest of the computing domain, ETOPO1 data is applied. With using the numerical model, the resonance properties of the water area of the Nakhodka Bay, which is a semienclosed body of water with a wide entrance, are studied. Sets of spatiotemporal parameters for forced oscillations were obtained, which are responses to periodic wind effects. A comparison of the results of calculations with the results of field observations from an automated post of a network for monitoring the sea level of the Russian tsunami warning service is carried out. The numerical model provides data on level fluctuations in the bays of Nakhodka and Wrangel, in which numerous port facilities are located. The presented numerical model can be applied in planning the placement of meters in field experiments, interpretation and analysis of the results. Keywords: resonant oscillations, free surface, sea, spectral analysis, numerical model.
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