Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Radiative charge transfer'
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Yannick, Mercier. "Ab-initio insight into the organic photochemical diversity: non-radiative decay in uracil and derivatives and intramolecular charge transfer mechanisms in the benzonitrile family." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/37341.
Full textIn this thesis, we studied two different types of photochemical reactions. On one hand, we determined non-radiative decay mechanisms for uracil molecule, which is part of the RNA. We then studied some derivatives of uracil (5-fluorouracil and 5- and 6-aminouracil) in order to explain their longer excited states lifetime relative to the parent system. It also allowed us to confirm our initial hypothesis. A second part of our work was about the Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) in the benzonitrile family. Three derivatives of the DMABN have been studied: bicycle systems, 4F-DMABN and DTABN isomers. These systems allowed us to check both electronic and steric effects as well as to explain the mechanisms controlling the potential dual fluorescence and the emitting species. Our studies have been done using the CASSCF/CASPT2 method, with a good agreement with experimental results, which confirms the reliability of this method.
Manning, Amanda J. L. "Radiative transfer in the middle atmosphere." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279907.
Full textJaoua, Hend. "Enductions textiles barrières aux rayons IR : élaboration de nouvelles formulations de plastisols PVC." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1070.
Full textThis project aims to develop new filled PVC plastisol composite offering enhanced optical properties. Different types of inorganic fillers were tested and added to the PVC matrix. Rheological, morphological and optical characterization of the PVC matrix and development of new formulations by incorporation of different fillers (nacre, glass beads, alumina, zinc oxide, TiO2 ...) were the subject of the first phase of the project. Then, radiative measurements on plastisol films loaded at different mass ratios were performed in order to select the fillers having the best optical performance. The second phase was dedicated to the validation and the testing of the optimal formulations coated on polyester textile substrate. Different analytic technics were used in order to rank the UV stabilization as a function of the tested formulations. In addition, mechanical, aesthetic and morphological characterizations were used to complete this study. Finally, radiative transfer model was developed to simulate the radiative behavior of the different formulations
Zilic, Elvis. "Radiation curing and grafting of charge transfer complexes." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/19385.
Full textThesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Natural Sciences, in fulfilment of the requirements for admission to the Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography.
Petkova, Maya Atanasova. "Cloudy with a chance of starlight : coupling of smoothed particle hydrodynamics and Monte Carlo radiative transfer for the study of ionising stellar feedback." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16557.
Full textLamy, Kévin. "Projection Climatique du Rayonnement Ultraviolet au cours du 21ème siècle : impact de différents scénarios climatiques." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0018/document.
Full textFollowing the 1987 Montreal Protocol, atmospheric concentrations of ozone-depleting substances are decreasing. The ozone layer shows signs of recovery. Nonetheless, greenhouse gases emissions (GHG) are rising et should affect the ozone distribution in the atmosphere. Ozone is an important due to his ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The goal of this work is to analyse the possible evolution of UV radiation through the 21st century, particularly in the tropics, for possible climate modification. The first part of this work is to UV in clear-sky in the tropics with the TUV (Madronich et al., 1998) model and to compare against ground-based observations made on Reunion Island. This validation allows the utilisation of TUV in the tropics with a good confidence level. The sensitivity of the model is analysed for multiple parameters. Modelling output is validated against spectral ground-based measurement. Climate Projection of UVI (Mc Kinlay and Diffey, 1987) are then realized with the use of output from model participating in the CCMI ( Model Initiative) exercise and the TUV model. CCMI output describes the chemistry and physics of the atmosphere through the 21st century for four climate scenarios (RCP2.6/4.5/6.0/8.5), they are used as input for the TUV model in order to obtain UV radiation. ODS, GHG and aerosols impact on UVI evolution is analysed
Hespel, Laurent. "Etude expérimentale et théorique du transfert radiatif dans les milieux diffusants : détermination expérimentale des proporiétés radiatives aux forts taux de charges." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0621.
Full textCusack, Stephen. "Development of a radiative transfer parameterisation based on correlated k-distribution theory for use in climate studies." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320069.
Full textVargel, Céline. "Caractérisation du manteau neigeux arctique, suivi climatique et télédétection micro-onde." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALU029.
Full textNorthern high-latitude regions are warming more intensely than the rest of the world. This phenomenon, called Arctic amplification, is due in part to the decrease in sea ice extent and snow cover. Snow, which is present 9 months of the year, could have a significant effect on the increase in land surface temperatures by changing its reflective and insulating properties. Thawing of permafrost which could release important amount of soil carbone into the atmosphere could have a significant positive feedback on the future climate of the Arctic. The objective of this research project is to improve the monitoring of Arctic snow cover and ground temperatures. Detailed models of snow cover evolution such as the Crocus multi-layered model are unable to reproduce the particular physics of Arctic snow, which leads to significant uncertainties in the modeling of ground temperatures. New physical parameterizations have been implemented within the Crocus model to improve the vertical stratification of the snowpack by introducing vegetation effects (less dense snow at the bottom) and wind effects (denser snow at the surface), as well as to modify the thermal conductivity of snow. These new parameterizations allow a better representation of ground temperatures under the snowpack, validated with a large dataset in Alaska, Canadian Arctic and Siberia. The simulations thus carried out using the modified Crocus model, driven by the ERA-Interim meteorological reanalysis over the last 39 years (1979-2018), at the pan-Arctic scale, show a significant increase in snow density in spring as well as in snow moisture, mainly in spring and fall, accompanied by a significant decrease in the duration of the snow cover. These effects, combined with the increase in air temperature, lead to an increase in ground temperature of up to +0.89 K per decade for the month of June. In order to improve monitoring the spatial and temporal evolution of the snow cover, the use of microwave satellite observation data is proposed. Based on the analysis of a unique dataset of surface radiometric measurements, associated with the in-situ characterization of the snowpit (119 snowpits with simultaneous observations) in the Arctic and sub-Arctic zones, an optimal parameterization of the SMRT model has been defined. The results show that using a fitted exponential correlation length as a snow microstructure parameter in the Improved Born Approximation (IBA) electromagnetic model gives the best results compared to the other model configurations tested, with a mean error (RMSE) of less than 30% of the observations for subarctic snow and 24% for Arctic snow. Coupled with Crocus, the simulated brightness temperatures over the entire Arctic are significantly better with modified Crocus than with standard Crocus (38 K improvement in mean bias). These results pave the way for using the assimilation of satellite microwave observations into the Crocus model to improve simulations of Arctic snow density, a key snowpack parameter influencing the evolution of ground temperatures under the snow
Kangah, Kouadio Guy Yannick. "Mesure du protoxyde d'azote (N2O) depuis l'espace." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30323/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the measurement of nitrous oxide (N2O) from space sensors. Firstly, we studied the transport and emission processes of N2O from Asia to the Mediterranean Basin (MB). For this study, we used N2O profiles over the period 2010-2013 retrieved from TANSO-FTS (Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer) observations onboard the platform GOSAT (Greenhouses gases Observing SATellite) . We also used outputs of the chemistry-transport model LMDz-Or-INCA over the same period. Secondly, we built an algorithm to retrieve N2O profiles using observations from IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) onboard the MetOp platforms. This algorithm was validated by comparing the retrieved profiles with in-situ measurements from HIPPO (High performance Instrumented airborne platform for environmental research Pole-to-Pole Observations) airborne campaigns. Finally, we performed a theoretical intercomparison between IASI-NG (IASI-New Generation) and IASI concerning the tropospheric N2O measurements
Riihimaki, Laura 1979. "Evaluating long-term changes and their causes in surface solar irradiance in Oregon." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8451.
Full textThe amount of solar radiation at the earth's surface is modulated by fluctuations in aerosol density and cloud optical depth--two uncertain factors in climate change studies. The University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Lab has collected five-minute resolution surface shortwave irradiance measurements at three sites in Oregon since 1980 or earlier. Direct normal surface solar irradiance has increased 4-5% per decade (8-11 W/m 2 per decade) at these three sites since 1980 (1979 in Eugene). Total solar irradiance has likewise increased by 1-2% per decade (2-3 W/m 2 per decade). This unusually long direct normal time series was used to examine the causes of trends because of its high sensitivity to scattering and high instrumental accuracy. The strongest factor causing direct normal irradiance trends was found to be the high stratospheric aerosol concentrations after the volcanic eruptions of El Chichà à à à ³n (1982) and Mt. Pinatubo (1991). Removing the four years most impacted by each volcanic eruption (1982-1985 and 1991-1994) reduces the trend in annual average direct normal irradiance by 20-55%, depending on the site. All measurement sites show low irradiance values before the volcanic eruption of El Chichà à à à ³n in 1982 compared to later periods of relatively low volcanic aerosols (1989- 1990, and 2000-2007). These low values are visible both in all-sky and clear-sky monthly averages, suggesting high aerosol loads as a likely cause. Clear-sky direct normal irradiance measurements from high solar zenith angles (6575à à à à °) are analyzed to test the hypothesis that the increase in irradiance comes from a reduction of anthropogenic aerosols since the late 1980s. No change in anthropogenic aerosols between 1987 and 2007 is detectable within the noise of the data. Even after removing the four years most heavily impacted by volcanic eruptions, the continued reduction of volcanic aerosol loads causes over half of the clear-sky direct normal irradiance increase since 1987. The remaining increase could be accounted for by a 20-year decrease in 550 nm aerosol optical depth of .005 à à à à ± .005, or 6% à à à à ± 6%, but considerable statistical uncertainty exists.
Adviser: Gregory Bothun
Renzullo, Luigi John. "Radiometric processing of multitemporal sequences of satellite imagery for surface reflectance retrievals in change detection studies." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15737.
Full textThe ability of the LVIK procedure to standardise sequences of image data was further demonstrated in the study of vegetation change. The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated from LVIN estimates of surface reflectance for a selection of sites around the township of Mt. Barker, Western Australia. NDVI data had characteristics consistent with data that have been corrected for atmospheric effects. A modification to the LVIN procedure was also proposed based on an investigation of some empirically-derived vegetation reflectance relationships. Research into the robustness of the relationships for a greater range of vegetation types is recommended.
Zabiégo, Magali. "Rayonnement d'un bain de corium dans un milieu chargé en aérosols issus de l'interaction corium/béton." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11002.
Full textLejeune, Julien. "Propriétés de commutation des analogues CoFe du bleu de Prusse : vers un contrôle de la position en énergie des états stable et métastable." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00853239.
Full textVerwey, Aldo. "Modelling of a passive reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS) for a nuclear reactor core subject to environmental changes and the optimisation of the RCCS radiation heat shield heat shield." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4303.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: A reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS) is used in the PBMR to protect the concrete citadel surrounding the reactor from direct nuclear radiation impingement and heat. The speci ed maximum operating temperature of the concrete structure is 65 ±C for normal operating conditions and 125 ±C for emergency shut-down conditions. A conceptual design of an entirely passive RCCS suitable for the PBMR was done by using closed loop thermosyphon heat pipes (CLTHPs) to remove heat from a radiation heat shield over a horizontal distance to an annular cooling dam placed around the PBMR. The radiation shield is placed in the air space between the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) and the concrete citadel, 180 mm from the concrete citadel. A theoretical heat transfer model of the RCCS was created. The theoretical model was used to develop a computer program to simulate the transient RCCS response during normal reactor operation, when the RCCS must remove the excess generated heat from the reactor cavity and during emergency shut-down conditions, when the RCCS must remove the decay heat from the reactor cavity. The main purpose of the theoretical model is to predict the surface temperature of the concrete citadel for di erent heat generation modes in the reactor core and ambient conditions. The theoretical model assumes a 1D geometry of the RCCS. Heat transfer by both radiation and convection from the RPV to the radiation heat shield (HS) is calculated. The heat shield is modelled as a n. The n e ciency was determined with the experimental work. Conduction through the n is considered in the horizontal direction only. The concrete structure surface is heated by radiation from the outer surface of the heat shield as well as by convection heat transfer from the air between the heat shield and the concrete structure surface. The modelling of the natural convection closed loop thermosyphon heat pipes in the RCCS is done by using the Boussinesq approximation and the homogeneous ow model. An experiment was built to verify the theoretical model. The experiment is a full scale model of the PBMR in the horizontal, or main heat transfer, direction, but is only a 2 m high section. The experiments showed that the convection heat transfer between the RPV and the HS cannot be modelled with simple natural convection theory. A Nusselt number correlation developed especially for natural convection in enclosed rectangles found in literature was used to model the convection heat transfer. The Nusselt number was approximately 3 times higher than that which classic convection theory suggested. An optimisation procedure was developed where 121 di erent combinations of n sizes and heat pipe sizes could be used to construct a RCCS once a cooling dam size was chosen. The purpose of the optimisation was to nd the RCCS with the lowest total mass. A cooling dam with a diameter of 50 m was chosen. The optimal RCCS radiation heat shield that operates with the working uid only in single phase has 243 closed loop thermosyphon heat pipes constructed from 62.72 mm ID pipes and 25 mm wide atbar ns. The total mass of the single phase RCCS is 225 tons. The maximum concrete structure temperature is 62.5 ±C under normal operating conditions, 65.8 ±C during a PLOFC emergency shut-down condition and 80.9 ±C during a DLOFC emergency shut-down condition. In the case where one CLTHP fails and the adjacent two must compensate for the loss of cooling capacity, the maximum concrete structure temperature for a DLOFC emergency shut-down will be 87.4 ±C. This is 37.6 ±C below the speci ed maximum temperature of 125 ±C. The RCCS design is further improved when boiling of the working uid is induced in the CLTHP. The optimal RCCS radiation heat shield that operates with the working uid in a liquid-vapour mixture, or two phase ow, has 338 closed loop thermosyphon heat pipes constructed from 38.1 mm ID pipes and 20 mm wide atbar ns. The total mass of the two phase RCCS is 198 tons, 27 tons less than the single phase RCCS. The maximum concrete structure temperature is 60 ±C under normal operating conditions, 2.5 ±C below that of the single phase RCCS. During a PLOFC emergency shut-down condition, the maximum concrete structure temperature is 62.3 ±C, 3.5 ±C below that of the single phase RCCS and still below the normal operating temperature of the single phase RCCS. By inducing two phase ow in the CLTHP, the maximum temperature of the working uid is xed equal to the saturation temperature of the working uid at the vacuum pressure. This property of water is used to limit the concrete structure temperature. This e ect is seen in the transient response of the RCCS where the concrete structure temperature increases until boiling of the working uid starts and then the concrete structure temperature becomes constant irrespective of the heat load on the RCCS. An increased heat load increases the quality of the working uid liquid-vapour mixture. Working uid qualities approaching unity causes numerical instabilities in the theoretical model. The theoretical model cannot capture the heat transfer to a control volume with a density lower than approximately 20 kg/m3. This limits the extent to which the two phase RCCS can be optimised. Recommendations are made relating to future work on how to improve the theoretical model in particular the convection modelling in the reactor cavities as well as the two phase ow of the working uid. Further recommendations are made on how to improve the basic design of the heat shield as well as the cooling section of the CLTHPs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Reaktor lug spasie verkoelingstelsel (RLSVS) word in die PBMR gebruik om die beton wat die reaktor omring te beskerm teen direkte stralingskade en hitte. Die gespesi seerde maksimum temperatuur van die beton is 65 ±C onder normale bedryfstoestande en 125 ±C gedurende die noodtoestand afskakeling van die reaktor. 'n Konseptuele ontwerp van 'n geheel en al passiewe RLSVS geskik vir die PBMR is gedoen deur gebruik te maak van geslote lus termo-sifon (GLTSe) om hitte van die stralingskerm te verwyder oor a horisontale afstand na 'n ringvormige verkoelingsdam wat rondom die reaktor geposisioneer is. Die stralingskerm word in die lug spasie tussen die reaktor drukvat (RDV) en die beton geplaas, 180 mm vanaf die beton. 'n Teoretiese hitteoordrag model van die RLSVS was geskep. Die teoretiese model was gebruik vir die ontwikkeling van 'n rekenaar program wat die transiënte gedrag van die RLSVS sal simuleer gedurende normale bedryfstoestande, waar die oorskot gegenereerde hitte verwyder moet word vanuit die reaktor lug spasie, asook gedurende noodtoestand afskakeling van die reaktor, waar die afnemingshitte verwyder moet word. Die primêre doel van die teoretiese model is om the oppervlak temperatuur van die beton te voorspel onder verskillende bedryfstoestande asook verskillende omgewingstoestande. Die teoretiese model aanvaar 'n 1D geometrie van die RLSVS. Hitte oordrag d.m.v. straling asook konveksie vanaf die RDV na die stralingskerm word bereken. The stralingskerm word gemodelleer as 'n vin. Die vin doeltre endheid was bepaal met die eksperimente wat gedoen was. Hitte geleiding in die vin was slegs bereken in die horisontale rigting. Die beton word verhit deur straling vanaf die agterkant van die stralingskerm asook deur konveksie vanaf die lug tussen die stralingskerm en die beton. The modellering van die natuurlike konveksie GLTS hitte pype word gedoen deur om gebruik te maak van die Boussinesq benadering en die homogene vloei model. 'n Eksperiment was vervaardig om the teoretiese model te veri eer. Die eksperiment is 'n volskaal model van die PBMR in die horisontale, of hoof hitteoordrag, rigting, maar is net 'n 2 m hoë snit. Die eksperimente het gewys dat die konveksie hitte oordrag tussen die RDV en die stralingskerm nie met gewone konveksie teorie gemodelleer kan word nie. 'n Nusselt getal uitdrukking wat spesi ek ontwikkel is vir natuurlike konveksie in geslote, reghoekige luggapings wat in die literatuur gevind was, was gebruik om die konveksie hitteoordrag te modelleer. Die Nusselt getal was ongeveer 3 maal groter as wat klassieke konveksie teorie voorspel het. 'n Optimeringsprosedure was ontwikkel waar 121 verskillende kombinasies van vin breedtes en pyp groottes wat gebruik kan word om 'n RLSVS te vervaardig nadat 'n toepaslike verkoelingsdam diameter gekies is. Die doel van die optimering was om die RLSVS te ontwerp wat die laagste totale massa het. 'n Verkoelingsdam diameter van 50 m was gekies. Die optimale RLSVS stralingskerm, waarvan die vloeier slegs in die vloeistof fase bly, bestaan uit 243 GLTSe wat van 62.72 mm binne diameter pype vervaardig is met 25 mm breë vinne. The totale massa van die enkel fase RLSVS is 225 ton. Die maksimum beton temperatuur is 62.5 ±C vir normale bedryfstoestande, 65.8 ±C vir 'n PLOFC noodtoestand afskakeling en is 80.9 ±C vir 'n DLOFC noodtoestand afskakeling. In die geval waar een GLTS faal gedurende 'n DLOFC noodtoestand afskakeling en die twee naasgeleë GLTSe moet kompenseer vir die vermindering in verkoelings kapasiteit, is die maksimum beton temperatuur 87.4 ±C. Dit is 37.6 ±C laer as die gespesi seerde maksimum temperatuur van 125 ±C. Die RLSVS ontwerp kan verder verbeter word wanneer die vloeier in die GLTSe kook. Die optimale RLSVS stralingskerm met die vloeier wat kook, of in twee fase vloei is, bestaan uit 338 GLTSe wat van 38.1 mm binne diameter pype vervaardig is met 20 mm breë vinne. The totale massa van die twee fase vloei RLSVS is 198 ton, 27 ton ligter as die enkel fase RLSVS. Die maksimum beton temperatuur is 60 ±C vir normale bedryfstoestande, 2.5 ±C laer as die enkel fase RLSVS. Gedurende 'n PLOFC noodtoestand afskakeling is die maksimum beton temperatuur 62.3 ±C, 3.5 ±C laer as die enkel fase RLSVS en nogtans onder die maksimum beton temperatuur van die enkel fase RLSVS vir normale bedryfstoestande. Deur om koking te veroorsaak in die GLTS word die maksimum temperatuur van die vloeier vasgepen gelyk aan die versadigings temperatuur van die vloeier by die vakuüm druk. Hierdie einskap van water word gebruik om 'n limiet te sit op die maksimum temperatuur van die beton. Hierdie e ek kan gesien word in die transiënte gedrag van die RLSVS waar die beton temperatuur styg tot en met koking plaasvind en dan konstant raak ongeag van die hitte belasting op die RLSVS. 'n Toename in die hitte belasting veroorsaak net 'n toename in die kwaliteit van die vloeistof-gas mengsel. Mengsel kwaliteite van 1 nader veroorsaak numeriese onstabiliteite in die teoretiese model. The teoretiese model kan nie die hitteoordrag beskryf na 'n kontrole volume wat 'n digtheid het laer as ongeveer 20 kg/m3. Hierdie plaas 'n limiet op die optimering van die twee fase RLSVS. Aanbevelings was gemaak met betrekking tot toekomstige werk aangaande die verbetering van die teoretiese model met spesi eke klem op die modellering van konveksie in die reaktor asook die modellering van twee fase vloei. Verdere aanbevelings was gemaak aangaande die verbetering van die stralingskerm ontwerp asook die ontwerp van die verkoeling van die GLTSe.
Martins, Jose Vanderlei. "O Efeito de Partículas de Aerossol de Queimadas da Amazônia no Balanço Radiativo da Atmosfera." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-20072012-121657/.
Full textIn situ measurements in the Amazon Basin showed a large variety of aerosol particles in the atmosphere due mainly to biogenic and biomass burning sources. Particles from biomass burning are generally composed of a mixture of spherical and non-spherical particles, and chain aggregates of thousands of tiny black carbon (BC) spherules. The morphology and structure of smoke particles from biomass burning are determined by the type of fuel, the phase of combustion, and the age of the smoke. This structure changes due to interactions with water vapor, cloud droplets and due to condensation of gases on its surface (eg. sulfates and organic gases). Non-spherical and large (tens of micrometers) fluffy aggregates become more compacted and increasingly spherical with age. They are generally found only near the source of flaming-phase combustion, which suggests that particle compaction occurs in a relatively short time (likely, few hours) after release from a biomass fire. This change in morphology produces a significant change in the optical properties of these particles, enhancing its absorption and scattering cross sections. Scanning electron microscope photographs of aerosol particles from biomass burning taken in parallel with other physical measurements show correlation between morphology and the absorption coefficients suggesting the effect of the particle shape on optical properties. Intensive microphysical properties of the particles were measured and modeled in this work for biomass burning and biogenic aerosols. Despite of completely distinct sources, biogenic and biomass burning aerosols show some important similarities in chemical composition and particle sizes. Angström coefficients and backscattering ratios of biogenic aerosols were also found in the same range as biomass burning particles, but the scattering and absorption efficiencies, as well as single scattering albedo showed significantly different values. A new methodology was developed to obtain the spectral direct radiative forcing (DRF) by aerosol particles using remote sensing images and new parameters were defined in this work to access the radiative impact of the aerosols. Spectral measurements with the AVIRIS spectrometer (224 wavelengths between 0.38 and 2.5 µm) onboard the NASA-ER2 aircraft during the SCAR-B experiment (Smoke Clouds and Radiation -Brazil) have been used in this work to derive the spectral single scattering albedo of the aerosol particles, the aerosol optical thickness, and .the DRF.Significant values of spectral direct radiative forcing were found between 0,25 and 1.6 µm with a peak about -200 W m-2 µm-1 for a wavelength around 0.5 µm, per unity of optical depth (optical depth values at 0.66 µm). The integral over the whole solar spectrum averaged over heterogeneous surfaces (urban areas and vegetation) is about -60 W m-2 for the studied region (Cuiabá). The DRF over urban areas is smaller than over vegetation due to its brighter surface reflectance.
Cambou, Patrick. "Rôle du twist à l'état fondamental sur l'anomalie de fluorescence double des N, N dialkylanilines para-substituées diluées en solutions liquides et solides : application au dosage des traces d'eau." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10045.
Full textSchiessling, Joachim. "Angle-Dependent Electron Spectroscopy Studies of C60 Compounds and Carbon Nanotubes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysiska institutionen, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3595.
Full textSchiessling, Joachim. "Angle-Dependent Electron Spectroscopy Studies of C60 Compounds and Carbon Nanotubes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3595.
Full textHärtill 8 uppsatser. På titelsidan feltryck av serietitel: Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology.
Yahia, Jamal Charles. "Validation d'un modèle physique de prévision de la température de surface du revêtement de la chaussée : intégration de données in situ et de prévisions à moyenne échéance pour l'élaboration d'informations en météorologie routière hivernale." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688806.
Full textLacombe, Céline. "Propagation des ondes élastiques dans la lithosphère hétérogène : modélisations et applications." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00759982.
Full textMadeleine, Jean-Baptiste. "Nuages et poussières de l'atmosphère martienne : télédétection, modélisation des rétroactions climatiques et application aux paléoclimats." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691313.
Full textMargerin, Ludovic. "Diffusion multiple des ondes élastiques dans la lithosphère." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749704.
Full textŠimsová, Martina. "Radiatívne procesy malých molekúl." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405672.
Full textZilic, Elvis, University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, and School of Natural Sciences. "Radiation curing and grafting of charge transfer complexes." 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/19385.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Bijaoui, Jérôme. "Complémentarité des images optiques et radars pour la connaissance des littoraux." Phd thesis, 1995. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00979423.
Full text