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Journal articles on the topic 'Radio broadcasting and war'
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1
Critchlow, James. "Western Cold War Broadcasting." Journal of Cold War Studies 1, no. 3 (September 1999): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152039799316976841.
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In the 1940s and 1950s, Western governments turned to radio as the most effective means of countering the Soviet information monopoly. U.S. and West European radio stations attempted to provide listeners with the kind of programs they might expect from their own radio stations if the latter were free of censorship. For most of these listeners in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the broadcasts were their only contact with the outside world. The importance of the foreign radio programs was confirmed not only by audience estimates, but also by the considerable efforts the Communist regimes made to jam the transmissions. Given the importance of foreign broadcasting for the political life of the Soviet bloc, it is remarkable that these broadcasts have received scant scholarly attention in the Western countries that sponsored them. The three books reviewed here help to fill that gap.
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Shagdarova, Bayarma B. "Radio Broadcasting in Buryatia During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)." Humanitarian Vector 18, no. 4 (December 2023): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2023-18-4-173-183.
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The article examines the activities of the Buryat radio committee during the Great Patriotic War. During this period, radio broadcasting in Buryatia became the center of political agitation and mass defense work, calling on everyone to defend the Soviet homeland. Radio broadcasting during the war did not decrease, on the contrary, it expanded from year to year. The connections between Buryat radio and its listeners was also seriously strengthened. The study of these issues is extremely important for developing the problems of local radio broadcasting, which experienced serious formation and development during the war years. On the eve of the upcoming 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War, the topic of research is especially relevant. The purpose of the study is to study the experience of political broadcasting during the war. The author relied on the principles of scientific objectivity and historicism, as well as universal and specifically scientific methods. This is a problem-chronological approach, systematic and statistical methods. The source base is archival documents from the two funds of the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia. Namely: resolutions of plenums, minutes of meetings of the Regional Committee of the Party, other organizational and administrative documents. Also, clerical documentation of the fund R1051, monthly transmission plans, materials of correspondence with the All-Union Radio Committee, etc. During the radical restructuring of radio broadcasting, political broadcasting took a special place. Radio revealed its powerful social and technical potential in mobilizing the people to fight the enemy
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Simon, Danielle. "From Radio to Radio-visione." Representations 151, no. 1 (2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2020.151.1.1.
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This article investigates a series of experimental television broadcasts undertaken by Italian Fascism’s national broadcasting entity, the Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche, in the years leading up to the Second World War. It explores both the official autarchical policies and the technological limitations that shaped the radio network’s early experiments with television to show that producers’ attitudes regarding medium specificity shaped decisions about programming and musical content. It then suggests that these early sorties into televisual broadcasting left traces that can be seen in the style and political clout of Italian television even today.
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Петрова, В. Д. "Якутское радио в годы Великой Отечественной войны: редакция политического вещания." ОЙКУМЕНА. РЕГИОНОВЕДЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 4 (2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/1998-6785/2020-4/65-70.
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В статье рассматривается деятельность редакции политического вещания Якутского регионального радиокомитета в годы Великой Отечественной войны на основе вводимых в научный оборот новых документальных материалов, которые еще не стали предметом исследования в отечественной историографии. С началом войны главное место на радио занимало политическое вещание, которое направляло основную нагрузку радиопередач на мобилизацию народной силы в оказании помощи фронту и на стимулирование трудового подвига в тылу. В статье изложено тематическое содержание политического вещания, включая сводку Совинформбюро, материалов ТАСС, выпусков "Последних известий" и трансляции главных новостей из Москвы. Проводится анализ организации информационно-пропагандистских радиопередач, настроения жителей и участия творческого актива общественных организаций в подготовке ради- оматериалов, на основе которого подводится итог идейно-политической, массово-сти- мулирующей роли радиовещания в 1941–1945 гг. в Якутии. The article examines the activities of the editorial office of political broadcasting of the Yakut regional radio Committee during the great Patriotic war on the basis of new documentary materials introduced into scientific circulation, which have not yet become the subject of research in Russian historiography. With the beginning of the war, the main place on the radio was occupied by political broadcasting, which directed the main load of radio broadcasts to mobilize people's power in helping the front and stimulating labor feats in the rear. The article describes the thematic content of political broadcasting, including a summary of the Sovinformburo, TASS materials, issues of "Latest news" and broadcasts of the main news from Moscow. Analyzes the organization of awareness-raising broadcasts, the mood of the people and participation of the creative asset of public organizations in the preparation of radio materials on the basis of which sums up the ideological-political, mass-stimulating the role of the radio in 1941–1945.
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Khodnev, A. S. "Lost in Broadcasting: League of Nations, International Broadcasting and Swiss Neutrality." MGIMO Review of International Relations 16, no. 5 (November 13, 2023): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2023-5-92-7-27.
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The article delves into the historical context of cross-border radio broadcasting during the 1930s by the League of Nations (LN) and the significant impact of Switzerland's neutrality as the host country on this international organization. Drawing from the recently digitized and accessible LN archive in Geneva, this narrative unveils a minor conflict of interest that evolved into a notable political crisis, marking an international legal precedent by showcasing the influence wielded by a smaller host nation upon a global organization. The architects of the League of Nations envisioned Geneva as an ideal hub for the organization's activities, complete with modern communication technologies for global outreach. However, Switzerland's neutral stance posed an obstacle to the establishment of the League's radio broadcasting infrastructure. Recognizing the absence of robust emergency communications, transport links, and the absence of a dedicated radio station in Geneva during the mid-1920s, the LN sought an agreement with the Radio-Swiss station. Consequently, the LN's own radio station, Radio-Nations, commenced broadcasting on February 2, 1932, coinciding with the start of the Conference on the Reduction and Limitation of Arms. By May 1938, amidst mounting tensions in Europe, Switzerland chose to assert complete neutrality within the League. Discussions within the Federal Council revolved around the possibility of suspending the agreement made on May 21, 1930, along with the support for Radio-Nations. Unexpectedly, on November 3, 1938, the LN leadership in Geneva expressed a desire to re-evaluate the 1930 convention. The outbreak of World War II drastically reshaped the relationship between the LN and Radio-Nations. Switzerland decided against entering into a new agreement with the LN, leading to the closure of Radio-Nations on February 2, 1942. Maintaining the nation's neutrality, the Swiss government vigilantly observed the unfolding events during the war. During the peak of Nazi Germany's advances, Bern adopted stringent measures against the LN, upholding a resolute diplomatic stance. However, the Swiss stance toward the LN and the division of Radio-Nations’ ownership gradually shifted from 1943, culminating in the resolution of several financial matters. Ultimately, in 1947, the LN's liquidation commission transferred the remaining assets of Radio-Nations and its radio waves to the United Nations.
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Risso, Linda. "Radio Wars: Broadcasting in the Cold War." Cold War History 13, no. 2 (May 2013): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2012.757134.
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Hadlow, Martin. "‘No Propaganda Will Be Broadcast’: The Rise and Demise of Australian Military Broadcasting." Media International Australia 150, no. 1 (February 2014): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415000117.
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Radio broadcasting has played an important role as a medium of information, news and entertainment for Australian military personnel in wartime and conflict situations. However, while many nations have comprehensive units tasked to the full-time provision of broadcasting services, such as the Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) in the United States and the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) in the United Kingdom, Australia has relied on more ad hoc measures. As contingencies have required, the Australian military has introduced radio broadcasting elements into its table of organisation, the most comprehensive having been the Australian Army Amenities Service (AAAS) during World War II. Now, in a new technological era, perhaps specialised radio for troops will fade completely from the agenda.
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STONEMAN, TIMOTHY. "Global Radio Broadcasting and the Dynamics of American Evangelicalism." Journal of American Studies 51, no. 4 (October 10, 2017): 1139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875816002000.
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During the middle decades of the twentieth century, American evangelicals broadened their global outlook and operations, becoming the largest private radio broadcasters in the world. As they expanded overseas after World War II, American evangelicals encountered a world in crisis due to the Cold War, population growth, and processes of decolonization, affecting Western missions. Evangelical broadcasting advocates promoted mass media as a means to address the shifting demographic, political, and religious balance between the global North and South. Global radio broadcasting demonstrated a dynamic tension within American evangelicalism between innovative and conservative impulses, which was particularly evident in the area of reception.
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Gagliarducci, Stefano, Massimiliano Gaetano Onorato, Francesco Sobbrio, and Guido Tabellini. "War of the Waves: Radio and Resistance during World War II." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20190410.
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We analyze the role of the media in coordinating and mobilizing insurgency against an authoritarian regime, in the context of the Nazi-fascist occupation of Italy during WWII. We study the effect of BBC radio on the intensity of internal resistance. By exploiting variations in monthly sunspot activity that affect the sky-wave propagation of BBC broadcasting toward Italy, we show that BBC radio had a strong impact on political violence. We provide further evidence to document that BBC radio played an important role in coordinating resistance activities but had no lasting role in motivating the population against the Nazi-fascist regime. (JEL D74, L82, N44)
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Griffen-Foley, Bridget. "Kindergarten of the Air: From Australia to the world." Radio Journal:International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/rjao_00004_1.
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This article considers the radio programme for kindergarten-aged children that the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) launched during the Second World War and continued to broadcast until 1985. Kindergarten of the Air, thought to be the ‘first of its kind in the world’, was to inspire interest from, and similar programmes throughout, the British empire and beyond. The article examines the imperial and international broadcasting networks that enabled the exchange of ideas and initiatives within the field of educational broadcasting, and the export of one of Australia’s most successful radio initiatives, while also considering the willingness of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) to be influenced by a dominion broadcaster.
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Badenoch, Alexander. "Troubling Territory: West Germany in the European Airwaves." German Politics and Society 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 74–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2014.320106.
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Until recently, broadcasting in Europe has been seen by historians and broadcasters alike as intricately related to national territory. Starting immediately after the Second World War, when West German national territory was still uncertain, this article explores how the broadcasting space of the Federal Republic (FRG) shaped and was shaped by material, institutional, and discursive developments in European broadcasting spaces from the end of World War II until the early 1960s. In particular, it examines the border regimes defined by overlapping zones of circulation via broadcasting, including radio hardware, signals and cultural products such as music. It examines these spaces in part from the view of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the federation of (then) Western public service broadcasters in Europe. By reconstructing the history of broadcasting in the Federal Republic within the frame of attempts to regulate European broadcasting spaces, it aims to show how territorial spaces were transgressed, transformed, or reinforced by the emerging global conflict.
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Davies, Alan. "The First Radio War: Broadcasting in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 19, no. 4 (October 1999): 473–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014396899100145.
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Gadzekpo, Bernard Senedzi (B S. ). "Ghana muntie: from Station ZOY to the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation." Africa 91, no. 2 (February 2021): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972021000024.
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The excerpts below are from two of the sixteen chapters in B. S. Gadzekpo's radio memoir. In ‘Battles at the microphone’, Gadzekpo describes the diverse ways in which he and other Vernacular Announcers made their mark on wartime programming during World War Two, including how they carefully selected what could be aired as news and rallied local support for the war effort. The chapter ‘The music talent hunt’ details his tireless efforts at identifying and recording indigenous music to play on air in order to keep local audiences glued to the radio, especially after the war. The full text of the manuscript is available with the supplementary material published with Audrey Gadzekpo's article introducing this work at <https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972021000012>.
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Ditchburn, Sandy. "Preserving New Zealand's Voices of World War II." International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) Journal, no. 52 (August 19, 2022): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35320/ij.v0i52.148.
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During World War II, the Mobile Broadcasting Unit of New Zealand's armed forces recorded interviews and reports about the fighting and the day-to-day business of war, as well as thousands of simple messages home from servicemen, and a few women. Today, the 1600 surviving Mobile Unit discs form part of the sound archives of Radio New Zealand, held by audiovisual archive Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision. In this "sidebar" article which is a companion piece to "Voices from the War," the author describes some of the challenges she has encountered in capturing sound from the 80-year-old lacquer discs in the Mobile Broadcasting Unit collection.
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Enriquez, Elizabeth. "The Filipino Broadcasters on Overseas Propaganda Radio in World War II." Plaridel 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52518/2013.10.1-03nrqz.
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The use of radio broadcasting for propaganda in the Second World War is well known. In the Philippines, the pre-war KZRH was taken over by the invading Japanese forces, who changed its call letters to PIAM and used it to try to win the hearts and minds of Filipinos. Counter-propaganda was heard on the short-lived resistance stations Voice of Freedom and Voice of Juan dela Cruz as well as shortwave signals emanating from the US and other countries. Also recorded in historical accounts is the work of some Filipinos who broadcast on PIAM, Voice of Freedom and Voice of Juan dela Cruz. Little is known, however, about the work of Filipinos in overseas propaganda radio stations, such as that of Carmen Ligaya on KGEI in San Francisco, California, who was the US’s answer to Tokyo Rose; of at least seventeen others who also broadcast on KGEI; and of Norman Reyes on the Zero Hour on Radio Tokyo. Their experiences, previously under-examined, indicate the extent by which radio broadcasting has since been a tool for shaping public consciousness, particularly in wartime.
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Nohl, Arnd-Michael. "Changing Expectations: Notes from the History of the BBC's Turkish Service." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 3, no. 2 (2010): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187398610x510001.
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AbstractEstablished in 1939, the Turkish radio of the BBC World Service underwent a series of metamorphoses vis-à-vis the ever-changing expectations in Turkey, in the United Kingdom and within the BBC. Once a propaganda apparatus during the Second World War, the Turkish Service became a device of British cultural diplomacy during the Cold War. Since its foundation, interaction with Turkey and its intellectual circles was lively, and transformed the radio into a well-received media outlet, especially appreciated during times of political censorship. In the post-Cold War world, however, the liberalization and privatization of media in Turkey forced the Turkish Service to adjust its broadcasting by improving access to audiences and shifting the focus of news coverage to international issues. This article explores the history of the Turkish Service vis-à-vis the political and social situations in Turkey, the conditions of the British Broadcasting Corporation and the broader political environment.
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Хисамутдинова, Н. В. "Everybody Listened to the Radio: Primorye Radio Broadcasting During the Great Patriotic War." Территория новых возможностей. Вестник Владивостокского государственного университета экономики и сервиса 11, no. 2 (2018): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/vvsu/2073-3984/2018-2/186-194.
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Hyrina, T., and K. Shtyk-Matvienko. "EVOLUTION OF RADIO BROADCASTING IN UKRAINE IN THE WARTIME: REALITIES OF SOCIAL INFORMATION FOR THE POPULATION SINCE FEBRUARY 24, 2022, TO THE PRESENT DAY." State and Regions. Series: Social Communications, no. 1(53) (May 19, 2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/cpu2219-8741/2023.1(53).5.
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<p><strong><em>The purpose of the study</em></strong><em> is to understand</em><em> the prospects for radio broadcasting development in the current conditions of turbulence in the information space of Ukraine.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology</em></strong><em>. The research </em><em>methodological apparatus is based on the use of the central method of a non-representative survey in the form of a questionnaire using the electronic service «Google Forms» (83 respondents). Methods of analysis, induction, and generalization were used to understand the quantitative results of the study; the bibliographic-descriptive method and secondary analysis of the results of specific scientific and sociological research conducted by Ukrainian and international scientists were implemented to deepen the research with valuable secondary scientific information.</em></p><p><em>Based on the results of the conducted survey, we set ourselves the ambitious task of understanding the prospects for radio broadcasting </em><em>progress under the current conditions of turbulence in the information space of Ukraine. For this purpose, it is necessary to outline the potential and relevance of radio in the modern media space, to find out what expectations the users have from the radio product, and to determine the vectors of its progress under the conditions of the post-war information space.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> The progress of over-the-air radio broadcasting in the structure of social information </em><em>for the population during the war, as a central public media channel for operational notification, informing about current events, and relieving the emotional tension of Ukrainians in stressful conditions, is studied. Using the quantitative results of the conducted empirical research, the author’s hypothesis about the increase in the level of receptivity and demand for radio content in the structure of weekly listening to the air by Ukrainians within the country in conditions of limited access to electricity supply and network coverage of mobile operators and the Internet has been proven. The reorientation of Ukrainian youth towards Ukrainian music content, their refusal to listen to Russian music, and their replacement of it with Ukrainian and international (except for the aggressor country) musical compositions of various styles were noted.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> For the first time, the prospects for radio broadcasting </em><em>progress in the modern conditions of turbulence in the information space of Ukraine were thought out. For this purpose, the potential and relevance of radio in the modern media space were outlined, the expectations of users of the radio product were clarified, and the vectors of its progress in the conditions of the post-war information space were determined.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical importance.</em></strong><em> The practical significance of the research results lies in supplementing the scientific discourse with the results of empirical research, rethinking the potential of radio broadcasting as the most accessible and efficient media in wartime.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> radio signal availability, empirical research, information war, radio efficiency, Ukrainianization of the radio space, Ukrainian-language radio broadcasting, Ukrainian-language musical content.</em></p>
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Horten, Gerd. "“Propaganda Must Be Painless”: Radio Entertainment and Government Propaganda During World War II." Prospects 21 (October 1996): 373–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300006591.
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For a jittery radio industry concerned about the future of American broadcasting in the early months after America's entry into World War II, William B. Lewis came as a godsend. As head of the Domestic Radio Division of the Office of Facts and Figures (OFF), and later the Office of War Information (OWI, June 1942), Lewis, a former vicepresident of CBS, reassured the industry that the commercial structure of American radio would remain unchanged. In his first meeting with network executives and radio sponsors and advertisers in January 1942, he outlined his pragmatic approach to radio's war effort. As he argued, “radio is valuable only because of the enormous audiences it has created.” During wartime, his government office planned to use radio's popularity without unnecessarily disrupting radio structure and schedule: “Let's not forget that radio is primarily an entertainment medium, and must continue to be if it is … to deliver the large audiences we want to reach.”
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Roghi, Vanessa. "Radio-TV Information and Participation: The case of the “delegated decrees” (1969-1975)." Rivista di Storia dell’Educazione 11, no. 1 (June 23, 2024): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rse-15543.
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This essay aims to reconstruct part of the complex story that links the history of broadcasting information to that of political participation in post-World War II Italy. In this perspective, the approval of the “decreti delegati” on schools in 1974 marks an important watershed. It also intends to emphasize how essential the commitment of a part of the broadcasting operators was in making the measures themselves, somehow more comprehensible to the public. But it also intends to highlight how the decrees themselves served as a real accelerator in rethinking some of the dynamics of broadcasting information in the years leading up to the end of the public monopoly.
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Macindoe, Claire. "Mothers Need To Know Better: Radio, the Department of Health, and improving the Nation." Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History, no. 10 (June 24, 2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/backstory.vi10.68.
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When radio broadcasting first crackled onto the airwaves it was met with great enthusiasm from the wider public. Although we may now associate it more with late night talkback sessions and music’s top forty, educational broadcasting was a key feature of early radio and helped to establish a deeply ingrained listening culture within New Zealand. Educational broadcasts helped to legitimise radio as more than just a source of light entertainment. Women were a key target for many radio-based educational efforts, viewed as both the main consumers of broadcast content and in the greatest need of instruction within the domestic sphere. Health and the idea of ‘scientific motherhood’ were a key component of these efforts. When World War Two required the Department of Health to adopt new methods of connecting with the public, radio was deemed the most effective option. Women were responsible for the health of the family, and there was already a well-established culture of educating women within the domestic sphere via the radio.
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Borisov, Vasily. "Amateur Radio Activity in the USSR before World War II." Science Management: Theory and Practice 4, no. 3 (September 26, 2022): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2022.4.3.13.
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The article discusses the emergence and development of amateur activities in radio communications and television reception in the USSR. Amateur radio activity in the USSR received legal recognition in 1924. By the end of 1928, more than 450 amateur radio stations were on the air in the country. From the beginning of the 1930s domestic radio amateurs have also mastered the reception of television broadcasts on home-made televisions. By the end of the 1930s. there were a large number of home-made television receivers tuned to the transmission of optical-mechanical television in the country. In this regard, short-line mechanical television broadcasting in the USSR existed until the early 1940s.
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Semati, M. Mehdi. "Broadcasting Freedom: The Cold War Triumph of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty (review)." Rhetoric & Public Affairs 5, no. 1 (2002): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rap.2002.0019.
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Mathis, Wolfgang, and Anja Titze. "100 Years of Wireless Telephony in Germany: Experimental Radio Transmission from Eberswalde and Königs Wusterhausen." Advances in Radio Science 19 (December 17, 2021): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-19-93-2021.
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Abstract. In this contribution, we examine the development of radio technology before 1921 and the emergence of the broadcasting concept during the World War I. We consider in detail the experiments in the transmitter stations located in Eberswalde and Königs Wusterhausen and numerous sources in order to assess the importance of their work. We also discuss the question of whether the medium of broadcasting (“Rundfunk”) started in Germany (or even in Europe) 100 years ago in one of these transmitter stations.
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Goian, Oles, and Illia Khomenko. "TV and Radio Education in War Times: Bachelor Stories of the Department of TV and Radio Broadcasting." Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, no. 2 (83) (2023): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2023.83.7.
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The article deals with the bachelor theses of the Department of Television and Radio Broadcasting in Educational and Scientific Institute of Journalism of Taras Shevchenko National University of Ukraine, which were prepared and defended at the department during the first year of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The objective of the article is to accumulate and to analyze the unique experience of the students‘ works in the extreme conditions, as well as to optimize the training of bachelors based on the obtained data. It is significant that all the works created after the start of the full-scale war, directly or indirectly reproduce the life stories of their authors, become the history of the department itself, which continued the educational process during the period of pandemics and quarantines, evacuations and air raids. The following tasks are carried out in the article, and the following conclusions are offered accordingly: firstly, three bachelor‘s theses (stories) are considered, which are indicative of their authors‘ ability not only to “think audiovisually”, but also to propose the certain structural and software technologies that can be used by the next generations of bachelor‘s students – TV and radio journalists during preparation of this type of practical theses; secondly, the experience gained in creation of educational content by the Department of Television and Radio Broadcasting in the extreme conditions proved that the television and radio education in Ukraine received a new functional potential during 2020-2022 in almost all Ukrainian schools of journalism due to remote and asynchronous forms of education, is capable to overcome the most difficult challenges and barriers. Using the methods of induction (from partial to general) and deduction (from general to specific), observation and experiment, the authors generalize the statement that during 2020-2022 despite the implementation of all educational and scientific plans, 126 bachelor‘s theses were defended at the Department of Television and Radio Broadcasting, 37 of them were defended in 2022 and most of them were the audiovisual stories about “persistence, indomitability and faith in victory”.
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Amatiello, Michele. "CHIN Radio and its Listeners: A Negotiation in the Post-War Commerce of Ethnicity." Quaderni d'italianistica 33, no. 1 (August 1, 2012): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v33i1.17088.
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Canadian broadcasting underwent a period of transition following the Second World War. Government officials attempted to restructure radio to serve as an instrument for assimilation which would assist new Canadians in understanding Canadian culture and customs. In 1966, CHIN Radio AM 1540 was formed in Toronto by Johnny Lombardi. It became Ontario’s first foreign-language radio station. This study asserts that CHIN Radio provided its listeners an opportunity to negotiate their ethnicity on a daily basis, while it simultaneously worked to assist new Canadians to learn about Canadian culture and customs. These listeners must be viewed as active protagonists, who actively took advantage of the services and entertainment CHIN provided.
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Plummer, Brenda Gayle, and Barbara Dianne Savage. "Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Politics of Race, 1938-1948." Journal of Southern History 66, no. 4 (November 2000): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2588059.
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Руденко, Ирина. "RADIO BROADCASTING FOR CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR." Вопросы теории и практики журналистики 4, no. 1 (2015): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2015.4(1).20-28.
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Zilversmit, Arthur, and Barbara Dianne Savage. "Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Politics of Race, 1938-1948." History of Education Quarterly 40, no. 4 (2000): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/369739.
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Hogan, Lawrence D., and Barbara Dianne Savage. "Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Politics of Race, 1938-1948." American Historical Review 106, no. 1 (February 2001): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2652317.
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Alpers, Benjamin L., and Barbara Dianne Savage. "Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Politics of Race, 1938-1948." Journal of American History 87, no. 1 (June 2000): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2568024.
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Kruse, Elizabeth. "From Free Privilege to Regulation: Wireless Firms and the Competition for Spectrum Rights before World War I." Business History Review 76, no. 4 (2002): 659–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4127706.
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The activities of commercial wireless companies in the United States before World War I were critical forerunners of the unique system of property rights in the radio spectrum that developed in the United States between 1899 and 1927. These activities formed the basis for commercial claims to property rights in the spectrum during the 1920s, when radio broadcasting developed. The early wireless companies provided the material, institutional, and ideological foundations for commercial rights in the spectrum that are still a striking part of mass communication in the United States today. The De Forest/United Wireless succession of companies, although ultimately business failures, nonetheless laid the groundwork for commercial radio in the United States. Most historians of radio have overlooked the importance of the pre–World War I period, and all have neglected the contribution of the De Forest/United Wireless companies.
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Huacuja Alonso, Isabel. "Broadcasting the ‘(anti)colonial sublime’: Radio SEAC, Congress Radio, and the Second World War in South Asia." Modern Asian Studies 57, no. 5 (September 2023): 1615–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x2200049x.
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AbstractThis article considers the Second World War’s effects on radio infrastructures and listening cultures in India through a detailed analysis of two radio stations: Radio SEAC and Congress Radio. Radio SEAC was a military radio station based in Ceylon targeting British soldiers stationed in Asia. It housed what was then one of the most wide-reaching transmitters. Congress Radio was a makeshift station in Bombay run by young and largely unknown anticolonial activists. While operating on vastly different scales and with rival goals, these stations’ political ambitions were surprisingly similar. Radio SEAC sought to restore confidence in the empire by invoking an old device of imperialism: what Brian Larkin calls the ‘colonial sublime’, the use of ‘technology to represent an overwhelming sense of grandeur’. Radio SEAC’s colonial sublime, however, was not aimed at colonized populations, but at disillusioned British soldiers, whose faith in the empire the station wished to revive. Congress Radio, in contrast, sought to summon what I call the ‘anticolonial sublime’ by deploying the aura of imperial technology against British rulers. Yet, whereas the colonial sublime required technologies to work smoothly, the anticolonial sublime did not. Congress radio broadcasters celebrated their station’s faulty reception, nurturing an aesthetic of rebelliousness. Analysing these two radio projects together, the article traces how the war shaped technological infrastructures while challenging conventional understandings about how radio connects with audiences. British administrators, like anticolonial activists, sought to bring about change less through programming content than through the aura of technological prowess they hoped their stations would generate.
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Aitken, Ian. "Authoritarianism, the struggle for current affairs public service broadcasting and Radio Television Hong Kong." Asian Cinema 33, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ac_00051_1.
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This article is one outcome of research into primary documents held in national archives in Malaysia, Singapore, the United Kingdom and, in Hong Kong, the archives of Radio Television Hong Kong and Hong Kong Public Records Office. These documents indicate how the territories of Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong responded to calls to develop television broadcasting systems which embodied public service broadcasting (PSB). That response was conditioned by the reality that all three territories were authoritarian entities, and that PSB was, in contradistinction, a liberal-democratic concept. This article will chart the problems involved in establishing television PSB in these territories, beginning with Malaysia and Singapore during the 1960s, and then Hong Kong, 1970–2020. The article will begin with a brief account of the notion of PSB, and the role played by western broadcasting companies during the Cold War, in colonial British South East Asia, during the 1950s and 1960s.
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Korol, Vitaliy. "Radio Broadcasting in Rural Areas during the Second Half of the 1940s – the First Half of the 1950s (Based on the Materials of Sumy Region)." Sums'ka Starovyna (Ancient Sumy Land), no. 64 (2024): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/starovyna.2024.64.4.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the characteristic features and peculiarities of rural radiofication and the functioning of radio broadcasting in rural areas of Sumy Oblast during the first post-war decade (1945-1955). The circumstances of the spread of the radio network in the Sumy region are highlighted. It was revealed that the radiofication of rural areas was carried out lagging behind the similar process in cities and became comprehensive only in the first half of the 1950s. To a large extent, it was carried out by the collective farms themselves, whose radio nodes became part of the general radio broadcasting network. The regional broadcast was largely aimed at a rural audience, and the programs were dominated by speeches and stories on agricultural topics. The obsolescence and technical imperfection of the equipment, as well as the lack and insufficient qualification of personnel, negatively affected the efficiency of the regional radio. The research is based on materials from the State Archive of Sumy Region and information from the regional newspaper issued during the 2nd half of the 1940s – the 1st half of the 1950s.
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O'Toole, John M. "Words at War: World War II Era Radio Drama and the Postwar Broadcasting Industry Blacklist." Journal of Popular Culture 38, no. 1 (August 2004): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.2004.107_11.x.
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Komska, Yuliya. "RFE/RL Broadcasting and West German Society: Caught between Nature Protection Activism and Anti-Americanism." Journal of Cold War Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2018): 180–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00824.
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This article contributes to the historiography of two separate topics that became intertwined in the final decade of the Cold War: wildlife protection activism and Cold War broadcasting. The article explains how the activities of Radio Free Europe (RFE), a U.S.-funded radio station based in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) that transmitted shortwave broadcasts to five Soviet-bloc countries, throw into sharp relief the fine line between the advantages of radio technologies and their pitfalls. The article focuses on a protracted conflict between RFE and the FRG's bird protection activists in the 1980s and early 1990s. Some U.S. officials viewed the fight over the station's superior “killer technologies” as reflecting anti-Americanism during Ronald Reagan's presidency, but West German officials saw it more as an outgrowth of the species protection movement that had recently become a part of the FRG's political mainstream. The article highlights the complex social and international political dimensions of the dispute.
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Andrews, Kylie. "Don’t tell them I can type: negotiating women’s work in production in the post-war ABC." Media International Australia 161, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16669400.
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This article examines the pervasive mechanisms of discrimination in Australian public broadcasting in the 1950s and 1960s and considers how concepts of femininity were engaged to maintain the sexual division of labour within one of Australia’s leading cultural institutions, the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC). Constructing a collective biography of female producers who challenged gendered work practices, it discusses the obstacles that confronted women in production and considers the social, economic and industrial factors that allowed certain women to become producers when many failed to escape the ABC’s typing pool. Referring to case studies derived from biographical memory sources and industrial documentation, this article historicises the careers of radio and television producers and contextualises their histories against data found in the 1977 Women in the ABC report, to re-imagine the nature of women’s work in Australian broadcasting in the post-war era.
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Henrich-Franke, Christian. "Airy Curtains." East Central Europe 41, no. 2-3 (December 3, 2014): 158–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763308-04103001.
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After the Second World War, the infrastructural connections between the Western and the Eastern part of Europe were subsequently cut. The sealing of the passages through the Iron Curtain did not, however, succeed entirely. One increasingly important breach was generated by radio frequencies, which carried broadcasting programs, for example, from Radio Free Europe, straight across the Iron Curtain. This paper analyses the negotiations on the broadcasting map of Europe by focusing on the broadcasting conference of Geneva 1974/75, which moved the “Airy Curtains” much more westward. Three factors explain the Eastern European success. First, Eastern European delegations followed a coordinated strategy in contrast to the Western European ones. Second, the hierarchical ussr leadership made sure that the Eastern European countries stuck to their strategy, whereas Western European countries preferred to depend on themselves. Third, the Eastern bloc let politics and politicians rule, while in Western Europe, to the contrary, frequency allocation was a battle that was largely fought by technicians. The gap between the “political East” and the “technical West” was an important advantage for the East. Focus in this article is put on the radio stations which were situated in Berlin because the city was an important bridgehead for Western broadcasters on socialist territory.
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Johnston, Sarah. "Voices from the War: Improving Access to the Recordings of New Zealand’s World War II Mobile Broadcasting Units." International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) Journal, no. 52 (August 19, 2022): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35320/ij.v0i52.125.
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In August 1940, three New Zealand radio broadcasters set sail on an army troop ship from Wellington. They were bound for Egypt, where the New Zealand armed forces were part of the British Empire’s push to drive the German and Italian armies out of North Africa and the Middle East. With them was a mobile recording van, equipped to capture on lacquer discs the voices and sounds of New Zealanders at war, and send those re- cordings back home for radio broadcasts on the other side of the world. For the next five years, the Mobile Broadcasting Unit recorded interviews and reports about the fighting and the day-to-day business of war, as well as thousands of simple messages home from servicemen, and a few women. Today, the 1600 surviving Mobile Unit discs form part of the sound archives of Radio New Zealand, held by audiovisual archive Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision. In this article the author will outline the history of the Mobile Units and the context in which they worked. She will also describe on-going work to identify the speakers heard in their recordings and make this collection more discoverable and accessible to researchers. Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision is currently digitising the collection and preservation archivist Sandy Ditchburn will describe some of the challenges she has encoun- tered in capturing sound from the 80-year-old lacquer discs.
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Sumner, Carolyne. "Writing for CBC Wartime Radio Drama: John Weinzweig, Socialism, and the Twelve-Tone Dilemma." Articles 36, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051600ar.
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Radio drama was a quintessential source of entertainment for Canadian audiences during the Second World War, and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) used the art form to distribute propaganda and garner support for the Canadian war effort. Similarly, CBC radio drama became an essential artistic outlet for artists and composers to articulate their political beliefs to a national audience. This article frames Canadian composer John Weinzweig’s works for the CBC radio drama series New Homes for Old (1941) within the socio-political climate of the 1930s and 1940s and suggests that radio drama provided Weinzweig with a national soapbox for his radical socialist ideals during a time of political upheaval. My research draws on archival materials from Library and Archives Canada, the CBC Music Library Archives, and Concordia’s Centre for Broadcasting and Journalism Studies to build upon the biographical work of Elaine Keillor and Brian Cherney. I establish Weinzweig’s socialist ties and argue that his political leanings prompted him to simplify his serial language in favour of a simplified modernist aesthetic, which appealed to Canada’s conservative wartime audiences. This study of Weinzweig’s radio works reveals how the composer desired to make serial compositions accessible and palatable, and shows how he incorporated vernacular idioms such as folk songs and national anthems as foils to the elitist European serial aesthetic. In doing so, I show how Weinzweig uses a powerful and pervasive medium to promote his unique compositional style and also to reflect the cultural, political, and aesthetic ideals of leftist socialism.
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Pena-Rodríguez, Alberto, and Clara Sanz-Hernando. "The ‘conscience of duty’: The National Broadcasting Service of Portugal and the Spanish Civil War." Radio Journal:International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/rjao_00062_1.
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During the Spanish Civil War, radio went from being a simple musical loudspeaker to being used as a combat weapon. Through radio broadcasts both sides confronted each other to persuade public opinion or to increase the morale of their troops and allies. In this context, Salazar’s Portugal, to legitimize the coup d’état in Spain, used all its diplomatic and media resources, among them the National Broadcasting Service (the Emissora Nacional; EN), which during the war came under the dictator’s cabinet. Simulating an apparent neutrality in its national broadcasts, the EN disseminated an intense propaganda against the Madrid government abroad. This work aims to delve into the less known aspects of EN during the conflict, such as the strategy of its international broadcasts or its collaboration with European anti-communist organizations in the service of General Franco’s interests.
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Vladimir, Mirkin. "Siberian Radio Communication during the Great Patriotic War." TECHNOLOGOS, no. 2 (2021): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.kipf/2021.2.05.
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The article examines the technical modernization of Siberian radio communications and broadcasting during the war period. Under the conditions of a large-scale evacuation of industrial facilities and the population to the Siberian region as well as the organization of new telephone and telegraph highways in the eastern direction wire telecommunications worked at the limit of its capabilities and could not cope with the load. In these conditions radio communication was often the only means of communication. Among the evacuated enterprises deployed on the territory of Siberia most of them were the enterprises of the radio industry. One of the main problems faced by the Siberian radio communications, in addition to the shortage of qualified personnel, was the lack of backup equipment, which the front desperately needed. Another difficulty was the restructuring of the radial telecommunication system which entailed the modernization of the transmitters of the main radio communication. In the conditions of an acute shortage of material resources for civil radio communications radio communication activities had to be seriously limited. In general, it was necessary to temporarily abandon the program of continuous radio coverage of the country developed in the pre-war period. First of all, the radio stations were set up at enterprises, city and rural streets and squares, in clubs, libraries, etc. At the same time, as far as possible, the park of radio points was expanded and the operability of radio centers was maintained. Thanks to the mobilization of internal reserves and measures of an administrativerepressive nature in Siberian radio communications it was possible to strengthen the material and technical basis. The industrial production of radio products (mainly for military purposes) was launched in Siberia. However, the quality level of radio communication was low. Since the main efforts were aimed at meeting the needs of the front and the liberated regions the total power of the Siberian radio network has not yet been able to match a large territory of the region and the average power of broadcast transmitters has also remained low. Development of broadcast networks was primarily happened in cities. So, a significant disproportion between the density of radio coverage in urban and rural areas preserved and increased.
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Holbrook, Wendell P. "British Propaganda and the Mobilization of the Gold Coast War Effort, 1939–1945." Journal of African History 26, no. 4 (October 1985): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700028784.
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This article examines the nature and impact of the most extensive propaganda campaign mounted in a British West African colony during the Second World War. An avalanche of war information and appeals to the people of the Gold Coast was channelled through a new communications network which included radio broadcasting, information bureaux, and mobile cinema presentations. The innovative wartime publicity scheme was not enough to produce a completely voluntary war effort; however, the campaign was responsible for irreversibly changing mass communications techniques in the territory. The propaganda drive used in the war mobilization provided a pool of experienced propagandists and a successful structural model which proved valuable both to post-war governments charged with pre-independence political education, community development and public services, and, somewhat ironically, to anti-colonialist post-war party politics.
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Nahorniak, Maiia. "Radiotelegraph communication of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR) of 1917-1921 as a fundamental basis for the founding of public radio broadcasting in Ukraine." Social Communications: Theory and Practice 13, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 104–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51423/2524-0471-2021-13-2-5.
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The purpose of the article is to study the issues related to the unexplored period of formation of the Ukrainian national radio broadcasting. It is about the proclamation and foundation of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR)1917–1921; to prove that radiotelegraph content serves as a prototype of modern public radio broadcasting in Ukraine.The research methodology involved the use of methods belonging to two groups: scientific and practical methods –method of studying archival materials, observation and description; scientifiс theoretical methods –formalization, axiomatization, analysis and synthesis, analogy.One of the first steps of the UNR government was creation of the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs, which was engaged in the production of radiotelegraph content. It allowed for effective internal and external communication of the UNR government. The main form of content was numerous orders, orders, speeches, appeals, explanatory notes, which we consider a prototype of primary information messages.Results. One of the first steps of the UNR government was creation of the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs, which was engaged in the production of radiotelegraph content. It allowed for effective internal and external communication of the UNR government. The main form of content was numerous orders, orders, speeches, appeals, explanatory notes, which we consider the primary information messages.Given the high social significance of radiotelegraph content, its extreme relevance in a controversial historical era, prompt delivery to the audience, a balanced approach to information, there is every reason to believe that radiotelegraph communication is a precursor to modern public radio broadcasting in Ukraine.Conclusions. Radiotelegraphic content of the Ukrainian People's Republic of the period 1917–1921 became the first information product of the young country's activity. Thanks to the production of this content, the first steps in providing it have been taken domestic and foreign institutions, communities with reliable, comprehensive information about the turbulent events of the First World War and the postwar years. Dissemination of important socio-political information by radiotelegraph and radio communication was considered a strategic task of the state. Having passed a long and painful way of its formation, the radiotelegraphic content of the period of the Ukrainian People's Republic of 1917–1921 later managed to produce purely radio methods and techniques of presenting information, which could not but affect the quality and effectiveness of providing the community with important and necessary socially significant information, which is the basis for the development of public broadcasting in Ukraine. Key words: radiotelegraph, radiocommunication, radiotelegraphic content, information message, public radio broadcasting.
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Lipschultz, Jeremy Harris. "Book Review—Arch Puddington, Broadcasting Freedom: The Cold War Triumph or Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty." Journal of Radio Studies 7, no. 2 (November 2000): 507–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15506843jrs0702_19.
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Pospíšil, Filip. "Inspiration, Subversion, and Appropriation: The Effects of Radio Free Europe Music Broadcasting." Journal of Cold War Studies 21, no. 4 (October 2019): 124–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00908.
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During the Cold War, young people in Eastern Europe were often seen as mere recipients and reproducers of Western popular culture. This article examines the role of musical programming in broadcasts by Radio Free Europe (RFE) to Czechoslovakia, focusing on the content, impact, and audience reactions. The article shows that the audience took an active part in the cultural exchange and helped shape the programming on RFE and other Western radio stations. Drawing on RFE's own records as well as archival collections in Prague, including former State Security files, plus memoirs and recollections of former RFE employees and their listeners, the article highlights RFE's impact over time in Soviet-bloc societies, as well as the shifts in thinking, cultural preferences, and behaviors of different strata or groups within these societies.
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Warkentin, Erwin J. "War by Other Means: British Information Control and Wolfgang Borchert's Draußen vor der Tür." Comparative Critical Studies 13, no. 2 (June 2016): 255–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ccs.2016.0202.
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This article focuses on the stage and radio play Draußen vor der Tür (The Man Outside) by Wolfgang Borchert, broadcast in the British zone of occupation for the first time on 13 February 1947. A careful comparison of the stage and radio versions allows us to ascertain the degree to which the changes made by the British radio control officers Hugh Carleton Greene and David Porter were political in nature. The article opens by outlining both the history of the creation of the radio version and Borchert's attitude towards the Public Relations/ Information Services Division of the Control Commission for Germany (PR/ISC) (through the analysis of Borchert's correspondence).The original NWDR (Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk/ Northwest German Broadcasting) typescript of the radio broadcast, complete with handwritten emendations, is then compared with the published version, confirming how the radio play was edited to conform to British broadcast standards for a German audience, as well as the Anglo-American reeducation programme for Germany. Greene and Porter systematically edited out mention of postwar German suicides, overt German suffering, attacks on the German institutions the British considered important in the reconstruction of Germany, and any suggestion that the Allies had engaged in morally dubious acts during or after the war.
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Levin, Robert A., and Laurie Moses Hines. "Educational Television, Fred Rogers, and the History of Education." History of Education Quarterly 43, no. 2 (2003): 262–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2003.tb00123.x.
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The history of teaching and learning via television has compressed into a half-century many of the same stages and themes of the larger story of common schooling in the United States. Responding to a variety of public, private, and foundation interests in the post-World War II period, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) set aside 242 television frequencies for noncommercial educational purposes in 1952. Three decades earlier, the Federal Radio Commission (FRC) had asserted a need for broadcasting to serve a common good for the broad public and civic interest. During the 1920s, nonnetworked educational radio stations were formed on various college and university campuses.
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Kincaid, Andrew. "Samuel Beckett's Radio Geographies." Modernist Cultures 17, no. 1 (February 2022): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2022.0359.
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Throughout his work, Samuel Beckett interrogates the idea that voice is an authentic conduit for identity. Radio distorts, edits, and projects speech, and so broadcasting was a natural choice for his lifelong experiment. Both objects – radio and voice – are also fundamentally spatial. They distribute waves of sound across a given terrain. Beckett's interest in radio is abstract, in that the medium allows him to investigate general concerns about the construction of subjectivity – the ways in which we are all subject to disparate voices. But the writer's engagement with radio also arises against the backdrop of specific material conditions in post-War France and Europe. These were the years that French spatial theory took up the problem of urban modernisation. Gaston Bachelard's Poetics of Space was published in 1957, the same year that Beckett wrote his first radio play, and also the same year that work began on Le Périphérique, Europe's first ring road. This paper investigates Beckett's radio plays against the backdrop of urban theory ( urbanisme), arguing that Beckett's work can reveal light on theories of space, even urban geography.