To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Radio-controlled models.
Journal articles on the topic 'Radio-controlled models'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Radio-controlled models.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hoey, Robert G. "Exploring bird aerodynamics using radio-controlled models." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 5, no. 4 (November 24, 2010): 045008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/5/4/045008.
Full text
2
Wakeman, Martyn. "Multi-frequency transmitter for radio controlled models." Electronics Education 1990, no. 3 (1990): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ee.1990.0044.
Full text
3
Lin, Kyle, and Jeffrey Dayton. "Game-Theoretic Models for Jamming Radio-Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices." Military Operations Research 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5711/1082598316305.
Full text
4
Radaev, N. N. "Selection of controlled parameters of radio-electronic systems based on inaccurate models." Measurement Techniques 36, no. 2 (February 1993): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00977839.
Full text
5
Crabtree, Charles, and Holger L. Kern. "Using Electromagnetic Signal Propagation Models for Radio and Television Broadcasts: An Introduction." Political Analysis 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pan.2018.8.
Full textAbstract:
This note offers an introduction to electromagnetic signal propagation models, which can be used to model terrestrial radio and television signal strength across space. Such data are useful to social scientists interested in identifying the effects of mass media broadcasts when (i) individual-level data on media exposure do not exist or when (ii) media exposure, while observed, is not exogenous. We illustrate the use of electromagnetic signal propagation models by creating a signal strength measure of military-controlled radio stations during the 2012 coup in Mali.
6
Ali Dinc, Yousef Gharbia, Mariam AlShammari, Aliah AlRasheedi, Shahad AlQallaf, Mayar AlIbrahim, and Shahad AlObaid. "Preliminary design of a radio-controlled micro aircraft for student competition." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 5, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 060–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2020.5.1.0076.
Full textAbstract:
This work presents a preliminary design study of a radio-controlled micro aircraft. The aircraft is designed with the aim to compete in the SAE Aero Design Student Competition. Different designs were performed by different groups of students following the rules given in the SAE 2017 competition document. Such rules include the criteria of having the entire aircraft fit in a specific dimensional cylindrical box in unassembled condition, achieving the highest flight score and carrying the highest possible payload with minimum airframe weight, etc. In this scope, the concept generations of multiple designs for the micro aircraft with appropriate dimensions were done. In addition, basic paper prototypes of the designs which were helpful to visualize the aircraft were constructed. 3D CAD models of designs and 2D drawings for dimensional description were prepared. No prototypes were manufactured due to the Covid-19 situation.
7
Sakovych, L., S. Gnatiuk, O. Hodych, and Y. Martusenko. "Research of Diagnostic Models of Radioelectronic Equipment." Èlektronnoe modelirovanie 43, no. 3 (June 4, 2021): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/emodel.43.03.064.
Full textAbstract:
A comprehensive indicator of the reliability of electronic means - the coefficient of readiness, significantly depends on the average recovery time. At the same time, the largest labor costs are spent by repair specialists on finding a faulty element. Diagnostic repair support depends on the models used in the development of defect detection algorithms. The most common use of diag-nostic models is in the form of a graph of information and energy connections, which consists of three types of structures: sequential connection of elements, converging and diverging. The latter did not receive the necessary research. In the article as a result of research of influence of the form of the graph of information and power communications on indicators of quality of di-agnostic maintenance of radio electronic means analytical dependences of an estimation of deviation of the diagnosis at an expert error for converging and diverging structures are received for the first time. This allows to improve the quality of diagnostic software and to minimize di-agnostic errors when using current repairs by the aggregate method by assessing the impact of controlled variables at the stage of creating algorithms for finding defects. It is expedient to use the received results at improvement of diagnostic maintenance of existing radio electronic means and its development for perspective samples for the purpose of increase of quality of current repair irrespective of structure of a product.
8
Bastani, Mehrdad, Alireza Malehmir, Nazli Ismail, Laust B. Pedersen, and Farhang Hedjazi. "Delineating hydrothermal stockwork copper deposits using controlled-source and radio-magnetotelluric methods: A case study from northeast Iran." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 5 (September 2009): B167—B181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3174394.
Full textAbstract:
Radio- and controlled-source-tensor magnetotelluric (RMT and CSTMT) methods are used to target hydrothermal veins of copper mineralization. The data were acquired along six east-west- and three north-south-trending profiles, covering an area of about [Formula: see text]. The tensor RMT data were collected in the [Formula: see text] frequency band. A double horizontal magnetic dipole transmitter in the [Formula: see text] frequency range allowed us to constrain the deeper parts of the resistivity models better. To obtain optimum field parameters, ground magnetic profiling was conducted prior to the RMT and CSTMT surveys. Although the study area (in Iran) is remote, a number of radio transmitters with acceptable signal-to-noise ratio were utilized. The 2D inversion of RMT data led to unstable resistivity models with large datamisfits. Thus, the RMT data were used to complement and analyze the near-surface resistivity anomalies observed in the 2D CSTMT models. Analyses of strike and dimensionality from the CSTMT data suggests that the low-resistivity structures are mainly three dimensional; therefore, 2D inversion of determinant data is chosen. Independent 2D inversion models of the determinant CSTMT data along crossing profiles are in good agreement. Known copper mineralization is imaged well in the CSTMT models. The thinning of the conductive overburden correlates very well with magnetic highs, indicating the bedrock is resistive and magnetic. In this sense, the magnetic and electromagnetic fields complement each other. Analysis of the 2D resistivity models indicates the volcanic rock deepens at the center of the study area. This zone is associated with a magnetic low and therefore is recommended for detailed exploration work.
9
Gardner, P., and C. R. Day. "Options for Control and Navigation of Unmanned Aircraft." Journal of Navigation 45, no. 3 (September 1992): 352–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300010936.
Full textAbstract:
Whilst unmanned aircraft (UMA) can be said to encompass missiles, targets for weapon training, preprogrammed reconnaissance drones and civilian systems such as radio-controlled models used to carry cameras, for the purpose of this paper we will restrict ourselves to aircraft which are capable of sustaining autonomous flight and accepting navigation commands whilst airborne. The terms applied to unmanned aircraft are variously UMA, remotely piloted vehicle (RPV), Drone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV).
10
Lange, M. A., and D. R. MacAyeal. "Numerical Models of Steady-State Thickness and Basal Ice Configurations of the Central Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 11 (1988): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500006340.
Full textAbstract:
Radar ice-thickness surveys and bore-hole measurements suggest that the central part of Ronne Ice Shelf possesses a lobe-shaped basal layer of undetermined nature (probably saline ice). This layer is characterized by high radio-wave absorbtivity and by thicknesses up to approximately 300 m. We reconstruct this basal layer and the associated ice-shelf thickness and flow distributions, using a time-dependent ice-shelf model forced with prescribed basal freezing rates. Characteristics of the basal layer are controlled by two factors: (i) long ice-column residence times in the unventilated pocket between Henry and Korff ice rises and Doake Ice Rumples, and (ii) basal freezing rates in this pocket that exceed the snow-accumulation rate (currently averaging 0.35 m/a ice equivalent across the ice shelf).
11
Lange, M. A., and D. R. MacAyeal. "Numerical Models of Steady-State Thickness and Basal Ice Configurations of the Central Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 11 (1988): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500006340.
Full textAbstract:
Radar ice-thickness surveys and bore-hole measurements suggest that the central part of Ronne Ice Shelf possesses a lobe-shaped basal layer of undetermined nature (probably saline ice). This layer is characterized by high radio-wave absorbtivity and by thicknesses up to approximately 300 m. We reconstruct this basal layer and the associated ice-shelf thickness and flow distributions, using a time-dependent ice-shelf model forced with prescribed basal freezing rates. Characteristics of the basal layer are controlled by two factors: (i) long ice-column residence times in the unventilated pocket between Henry and Korff ice rises and Doake Ice Rumples, and (ii) basal freezing rates in this pocket that exceed the snow-accumulation rate (currently averaging 0.35 m/a ice equivalent across the ice shelf).
12
Jones, K. D., C. J. Bradshaw, J. Papadopoulos, and M. F. Platzer. "Bio-inspired design of flapping-wing micro air vehicles." Aeronautical Journal 109, no. 1098 (August 2005): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000000804.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn this paper the development and flight testing of flapping-wing propelled, radio-controlled micro air vehicles are described. The unconventional vehicles consist of a low aspect ratio fixed-wing with a trailing pair of higher aspect ratio flapping wings which flap in counterphase. The symmetric flapping-wing pair provides a mechanically and aerodynamically balanced platform, increases efficiency by emulating flight in ground effect, and suppresses stall over the main wing by entraining flow. The models weigh as little as 11g, with a 23cm span and 18cm length and will fly for about 20 minutes on a rechargeable battery. Stable flight at speeds between 2 and 5ms–1has been demonstrated, and the models are essentially stall-proof while under power. The static-thrust figure of merit for the device is 60% higher than propellers with a similar scale and disk loading.
13
Wang, Shunguo, Mehrdad Bastani, Steven Constable, Thomas Kalscheuer, and Alireza Malehmir. "Boat-towed radio-magnetotelluric and controlled source audio-magnetotelluric study to resolve fracture zones at Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory site, Sweden." Geophysical Journal International 218, no. 2 (April 23, 2019): 1008–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz162.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY Boat-towed radio-magnetotelluric (RMT) measurements using signals between 14 and 250 kHz have attracted increasing attention in the near-surface applications for shallow water and archipelago areas. A few large-scale underground infrastructure projects, such as the Stockholm bypass in Sweden, are planned to pass underneath such water zones. However, in cases with high water salinity, RMT signals have a penetration depth of a few metres and do not reach the geological structures of interest in the underlying sediments and bedrock. To overcome this problem, controlled source signals at lower frequencies of 1.25 to 12.5 kHz can be utilized to improve the penetration depth and to enhance the resolution for modelling deeper underwater structures. Joint utilization of boat-towed RMT and controlled source audio-magnetotellurics (CSAMT) was tested for the first time at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) site in south-eastern Sweden to demonstrate acquisition efficiency and improved resolution to model fracture zones along a 600-m long profile. Pronounced galvanic distortion effects observed in 1-D inversion models of the CSAMT data as well as the predominantly 2-D geological structures at this site motivated usage of 2-D inversion. Two standard academic inversion codes, EMILIA and MARE2DEM, were used to invert the RMT and CSAMT data. EMILIA, an object-oriented Gauss–Newton inversion code with modules for 2-D finite difference and 1-D semi-analytical solutions, was used to invert the RMT and CSAMT data separately and jointly under the plane-wave approximation for 2-D models. MARE2DEM, a Gauss–Newton inversion code for controlled source electromagnetic 2.5-D finite element solution, was modified to allow for inversions of RMT and CSAMT data accounting for source effects. Results of EMILIA and MARE2DEM reveal the previously known fracture zones in the models. The 2-D joint inversions of RMT and CSAMT data carried out with EMILIA and MARE2DEM show clear improvement compared with 2-D single inversions, especially in imaging uncertain fracture zones analysed in a previous study. Our results show that boat-towed RMT and CSAMT data acquisition systems can be utilized for detailed 2-D or 3-D surveys to characterize near-surface structures underneath shallow water areas. Potential future applications may include geo-engineering, geohazard investigations and mineral exploration.
14
Pedersen, Laust B., M. Bastani, and L. Dynesius. "Groundwater exploration using combined controlled-source and radiomagnetotelluric techniques." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 1 (January 2005): G8—G15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1852774.
Full textAbstract:
Radiomagnetotelluric (RMT) (14–250 kHz) combined with controlled-source magnetotelluric (CSMT) (1–12 kHz) measurements were applied to the exploration of groundwater located in sandy formations at depths as great as 20 m below thick clay lenses. A combination of approximately 30 radio frequencies and controlled-source frequencies is essential for penetrating the thick clay layers. The electromagnetic transfer functions of impedance tensor and tipper vectors point toward a structure that is largely two-dimensional, although clear three-dimensional effects can be observed where the sandy formation is close to the surface. The determinant of the impedance tensor was chosen for inversion using two-dimensional models. The final two-dimensional model fits the data to within twice the estimated standard errors, which is considered quite satisfactory, given that typical errors are on the level of 1% on the impedance elements. Comparison with bore-hole results and shallow-reflection seismic sections show that the information delivered by the electromagnetic data largely agrees with the former and provides useful information for interpreting the latter by identifying lithological boundaries between the clay and sand and between the sand and crystalline basement.
15
Pryse, S. E., K. L. Dewis, R. L. Balthazor, H. R. Middleton, and M. H. Denton. "The dayside high-latitude trough under quiet geomagnetic conditions: Radio tomography and the CTIP model." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 4 (June 3, 2005): 1199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-1199-2005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The dayside high-latitude trough is a persistent feature of the post-noon wintertime auroral ionosphere. Radio tomography observations have been used to map its location and latitudinal structure under quiet geomagnetic conditions (Kp≤2) near winter solstice. The trough is also a clear feature in the ion density distribution of the Coupled Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Plasmasphere model (CTIP) under similar geophysical conditions. Comparisons of the measured and modelled distributions show that the plasma production equatorward of the trough is mainly controlled by solar radiation, but there are also other processes maintaining the equatorward trough-wall that are open to debate. The poleward trough-wall is produced by particle precipitation, but the densities are significantly overestimated by the model. At the trough minimum the observed densities are consistent with low nighttime densities convecting sunward to displace the higher daytime densities, but this is not borne out by the CTIP model. The study shows the potential of combining radio tomography and modelling to interpret the balance of the physical processes responsible for large-scale structuring of the high-latitude ionosphere, and highlights the role of tomographic imaging in validating and developing physical models.
16
Hoffman, Joshua D., John D. Lee, Daniel V. McGehee, Mashala Macias, and Andrew W. Gellatly. "Visual Sampling of In-Vehicle Text Messages." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1937, no. 1 (January 2005): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193700104.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging in-vehicle technology associated with radio data systems, satellite radio, navigation aids, and infotainment systems will expose drivers to an increasing amount of textual information. The visual demands of driving make it critically important to understand how characteristics of such information affect visual sampling of the roadway. This study used a medium-fidelity driving simulator to evaluate the effect of scroll control (manual or automatic), the number of lines displayed (one, two, or four), and scrolling strategy (line by line or page by page) on drivers’ visual sampling behavior of text messages. Fifteen men and 15 women aged 25 to 51 (mean 35.7, s.d. 7.5) participated. Consistent with previous models of sampling behavior, text message characteristics affected the number of glances much more strongly than the duration of glances, and drivers were able to protect driving performance even with a demanding secondary visual task. However, the number of lines of text displayed increased the mean glance duration, the variability of glance duration, and the number of glances greater than 2 s. Scrolling text line by line increased visual demand relative to scrolling page by page, particularly when scrolling is manually controlled by the driver. Manual control of scrolling by using a touch screen button led to greater visual demand compared with automatically scrolled text.
17
Köseer, AS, C. Arndt, A. Feldmann, A. Linge, M. Krause, A. Dubrovska, and M. Bachmann. "P06.11 Immunotargeting of CD98hc for elimination of radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 2 (October 2020): A46.1—A46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-itoc7.90.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundMost patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are diagnosed during a locally advanced stage and may show therapy resistance. Retrospectively, we showed that low CD98hc mRNA and protein levels are significantly associated with better locoregional tumor control in HNSCC patients.1,2 Inhibition of CD98hc expression decreased tumor radioresistance suggesting that CD98hc could be a target for HNSCC radiosensitization. One of the strategies for radiosensitization is targeted immunotherapy. However, Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-equipped T-cell therapy cannot be fully controlled. Therefore, we developed a switchable UniCAR system that is in phase I clinical trial (NCT04230265) [3]. UniCAR T cell activity and specificity are controlled by the presence of target modules (TM) with short half-lives.3 We aim to define the clinical value of treatment approaches by combining radio(chemo)therapy with CD98hc-targeted immunotherapy.Materials and MethodsWe have used previously described radioresistant Cal33 HNSCC cells.2 These tumor cells were cocultured with UniCAR T cells in the presence or absence of a novel CD98 TM. Specific cell lysis in both in vitro 2D and 3D cultures and tumor cell targeting in the experimental mice was assessed.4ResultsOur data shows that CD98-redirected UniCAR T cells can induce cell lysis of radioresistant HNSCC cells in vitro and in vivo models. The combination of the UniCAR system with radio(chemo)therapy can be potentially used for the improvement of the treatment efficacy in patients with metastatic radioresistant tumors. The most promising combination of therapeutic approaches will be further tested in xenograft tumor models to evaluate the best performing combination of immunotherapy and radio(chemo)therapy.ConclusionsOverall, it was shown that tumor cells with radioresistant properties can be eradicated via the UniCAR system by targeting CD98hc in an antigen-specific manner.ReferencesLinge A, et al., Low Cancer Stem Cell Marker Expression and Low Hypoxia Identify Good Prognosis Subgroups in HPV(-) HNSCC after Postoperative Radiochemotherapy: A Multicenter Study of the DKTK-ROG. Clin Cancer Res 2016. 22(11): 2639–49.Digomann D, et al., The CD98 Heavy Chain Is a Marker and Regulator of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Radiosensitivity. Clin Cancer Res 2019. 25(10): 3152–63.Bachmann M, et al., The UniCAR system: A modular CAR T cell approach to improve the safety of CAR T cells. Immunol Lett 2019;211:13–22.Arndt C, et al., UniCAR T Cell Immunotherapy Enables Efficient Elimination of Radioresistant Cancer Cells. Oncoimmunology 2020.9(1): 1743036.Disclosure InformationA.S. Köseer: None. C. Arndt: None. A. Feldmann: None. A. Linge: None. M. Krause: None. A. Dubrovska: None. M. Bachmann: E. Ownership Interest (stock, stock options, patent or other intellectual property); Significant; GEMoaB.
18
Valko, Nataliia, Tymofii Bolharin, and Kateryna Valko. "Creation of a model traffic of autonomous vehicles based on Arduino." Ukrainian Journal of Educational Studies and Information Technology 7, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32919/uesit.2019.04.01.
Full textAbstract:
The development of technologies and their integration into society makes the creation of models and algorithms of process automation relevant. One of these tasks is the creation of an autonomous vehicle. The article describes an example of create a self-driving transport model based on the Arduino board. The statement of the task is done, the technical characteristics of the model, the conditions of autonomous movement, and also external obstacles, such as traffic lights, pedestrians, traffic signs, are determined. The model uses linear light sensor for control itself. An empirical study of the concept of autonomy of vehicles was carried out: collecting information about various implementations of autonomous driving and its supporting systems, analyzing the technical characteristics of the hardware for building the system, developing options for autonomous driving using various equipment, experimental testing of hypotheses about the suitability of an autonomous control system, testing and evaluation car work. The autonomous movement model was tested on a radio-controlled car (scale 1:10). To control the movement, the Arduino MEGA microcontroller was selected.
19
Hargreaves, J. K., and M. J. Birch. "On the relations between proton influx and D-region electron densities during the polar-cap absorption event of 28-29 October 2003." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 10 (November 30, 2005): 3267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-3267-2005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Observations by incoherent-scatter radar have been applied to explore relationships between the fluxes of incident protons and the resulting D-region electron densities during a polar-cap radio-absorption event. Using proton flux data from a GOES geosynchronous satellite, the energy band having the greatest influence at a selected height is estimated by a process of trial and error, and empirical relationships are defined. The height profiles of the effective recombination coefficient are determined for day and night, and the transition over the evening twilight is investigated for the height range 60-70 km. The results show that the day-night change is confined to heights below 80 km, night-time values at the lower levels being consistent with a balance between negative ions and electrons controlled by 3-body attachment and collisional detachment. The daytime results confirm that, contrary to the prediction of some chemical models, a square-law continuity equation may be strictly applied. It is confirmed that, as previously reported, the timing of the sunset change varies with altitude.
20
Park, Chester Sungchung, Sunwoo Kim, Jooho Wang, and Sungkyung Park. "Design and Implementation of a Farrow-Interpolator-Based Digital Front-End in LTE Receivers for Carrier Aggregation." Electronics 10, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030231.
Full textAbstract:
A digital front-end decimation chain based on both Farrow interpolator for fractional sample-rate conversion and a digital mixer is proposed in order to comply with the long-term evolution standards in radio receivers with ten frequency modes. Design requirement specifications with adjacent channel selectivity, inband blockers, and narrowband blockers are all satisfied so that the proposed digital front-end is 3GPP-compliant. Furthermore, the proposed digital front-end addresses carrier aggregation in the standards via appropriate frequency translations. The digital front-end has a cascaded integrator comb filter prior to Farrow interpolator and also has a per-carrier carrier aggregation filter and channel selection filter following the digital mixer. A Farrow interpolator with an integrate-and-dump circuitry controlled by a condition signal is proposed and also a digital mixer with periodic reset to prevent phase error accumulation is proposed. From the standpoint of design methodology, three models are all developed for the overall digital front-end, namely, functional models, cycle-accurate models, and bit-accurate models. Performance is verified by means of the cycle-accurate model and subsequently, by means of a special C++ class, the bitwidths are minimized in a methodic manner for area minimization. For system-level performance verification, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing receiver is also modeled. The critical path delay of each building block is analyzed and the spectral-domain view is obtained for each building block of the digital front-end circuitry. The proposed digital front-end circuitry is simulated, designed, and both synthesized in a 180 nm CMOS application-specific integrated circuit technology and implemented in the Xilinx XC6VLX550T field-programmable gate array (Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA).
21
Lienkov, S., G. Banzak, G. Zhyrov, M. Okhramovych, and Ya Protsenko. "OPTIMIZATION OF MAINTENANCE COMPLEX OBJECTS OF RADIO ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 64 (2019): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2019/64-05.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses models for optimizing the maintenance eservice process (MS) of complex objects of radio-electronic technics (RET). The statement of the problem determining optimal parameters of objects MS is formulated for the case if the state maintenance strategy MS (MSS strategy) is used. As a criterion of optimization, the requirement minimum unit cost of operating an object for a given period of its operation is used, provided that the required level of failure-free operation of the object is estimated as estimated by “mean time on failures”. The objective functions of the optimization task are determined by modeling the process of MS and repair (MSandR) of the object. This circumstance explains the choice of a search method for an approximately optimal solution to the problem: simplest relaxation method of direct enumeration is used, controlled by a human expert who solves this problem in the interactive dialogue mode between the user and the computer. The methodology for determining approximately optimal parameters of strategy MSS described in this article is intended for use in the development of object RET. The methodology allows the early stages of development to pre-evaluate possibility of increasing level reliability of the facility due MS. At later stages of development, when all technical solutions have already become known, elements for which there are measurable determining parameters become known, preliminary estimates of the necessary parameters MSS can be refined and corrected design decisions. Corresponding refinement of calculations should be made every time when accurate data on the reliability of component parts appear. Software (SW) was developed for computer support of the solution search process. SW developed by Delphi programming tools.
22
Jeofry, Hafeez, Neil Ross, and Martin J. Siegert. "Comparing numerical ice-sheet model output with radio-echo sounding measurements in the Weddell Sea sector of West Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 61, no. 81 (November 28, 2019): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aog.2019.39.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractNumerical ice-sheet models are commonly matched to surface ice velocities from InSAR measurements by modifying basal drag, allowing the flow and form of the ice sheet to be simulated. Geophysical measurements of the bed are rarely used to examine if this modification is realistic, however. Here, we examine radio-echo sounding (RES) data from the Weddell Sea sector of West Antarctica to investigate how the output from a well-established ice-sheet model compares with measurements of the basal environment. We know the Weddell Sea sector contains the Institute, Möller and Foundation ice streams, each with distinct basal characteristics: Institute Ice Stream lies partly over wet unconsolidated sediments, where basal drag is very low; Möller Ice Stream lies on relatively rough bed, where basal drag is likely larger; and Foundation Ice Stream is controlled by a deep subglacial trough with flow-aligned bedrock landforms and smooth unconsolidated sediments. In general, the ice-sheet model represents each ice-stream system well. We also find that ice velocities do not match perfectly in some locations, and that adjustment of the boundaries of low basal drag, to reflect RES evidence, should improve model performance. Our work showcases the usefulness of RES in calibrating ice-sheet model results with observations of the bed.
23
Hwang, Yoonkyu, Yuki Minami, and Masato Ishikawa. "Virtual Torque Sensor for Low-Cost RC Servo Motors Based on Dynamic System Identification Utilizing Parametric Constraints." Sensors 18, no. 11 (November 9, 2018): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113856.
Full textAbstract:
We propose a novel virtual torque sensor for commercial low-cost radio-controlled (RC) servo motors. The virtual torque sensor has played an important role for conventional robots. It has been used for torque-required control applications such as human–robot interaction and under-actuated robots. However, most virtual torque sensors are based on the inversion of actuators or robot dynamics with the assumption that entire dynamics are known. This is not applicable to the RC servo motors that have unknown control structures. As RC servo motors enable researchers and hobbyists to create lightweight but high performance robots in an easy and cost-effective manner, the development of a virtual torque sensor for these motors is necessary. In this study, we propose a design method of a virtual torque sensor for RC servo motors. First, the virtual sensor is derived mathematically based on internal dynamic models with parametric constraints and compared to the conventional model. Second, a dedicated system identification method is developed for the proposed virtual sensor to implement the sensor in actual experiments. Finally, we compare experimental results with the measurements obtained by an actual sensor.
24
Lambrechts, Johannes W., and Saurabh Sinha. "Estimation of signal attenuation in the 60 GHZ band with an analog BiCMOS passive filter." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 7, no. 6 (July 17, 2014): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000956.
Full textAbstract:
Prediction of millimeter(mm)-wave radio signals can be beneficial in recreating and repeating atmospheric conditions in a controlled, laboratory environment. A path-loss model has been proposed that accounts for free-space losses, oxygen absorption, reflection and diffraction losses, and rain-rate attenuation at mm-wave frequencies. Two variable passive low-pass-integrated circuit filter structures for attenuation in the 57–64 GHz unlicensed frequency band have been proposed, designed, simulated, prototyped in a 130-nm SiGe bipolar complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process, and measured. The filters are based on the Butterworth and Chebyshev low-pass filter topologies and investigate the possibility of using the structures to perform amplitude attenuation of mm-wave frequencies over a short distance. Both filters are designed and matched for direct coupling with equivalent circuit models of dipole antennas operating in this frequency band. Full integration therefore allows prediction of atmospheric losses on an analog, real-time, basis without the requirement of down-converting (sampling) to analyze high-frequency signals through a digital architecture. On-wafer probe measurements were performed to limit parasitic interference from bonding wires and enclosed packaging.
25
Von Kleist, S. "Introduction to the CEA Family: Structure, Function and Secretion." International Journal of Biological Markers 7, no. 3 (July 1992): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460089200700302.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the phenomenal progress in the field of tumor immunology that took place during the last twenty years, we dispose today of highly specific and sensitive techniques and reagents like monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). In this context the discovery in human carcinomas of tumor-associated antigens, such as CEA, was of primary importance, especially since the latter was found to have clinical relevance as a tumor marker. Based on animal models, a new in vivo technology for the detection of tumors and metastases was developed in recent years, that uses anti-CEA MAbs, or fragments of them, coupled to radio-isotopes. This technique, called radioimmunodetection (RAID), also paved the way for immunotherapeutic procedures, where again CEA served as the target-antigen. This new technique holds great promise, provided the epitope-specificity of the MAbs is well-controlled: it has been shown that CEA belongs to a large gene-family of at least 22 members, which can be subdivided into two subgroups (i.e., the CEA- and the PSG-subgroup) and which in turn belongs to the immunoglobulin-supergene family. Great structural similarities render the distinction of the various cross-reactive molecules by immunological means rather difficult.
26
Moseby, K. E., H. McGregor, and J. L. Read. "Effectiveness of the Felixer grooming trap for the control of feral cats: a field trial in arid South Australia." Wildlife Research 47, no. 8 (2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19132.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract ContextFeral cats pose a significant threat to wildlife in Australia and internationally. Controlling feral cats can be problematic because of their tendency to hunt live prey rather than be attracted to food-based lures. The Felixer grooming trap was developed as a targeted and automated poisoning device that sprays poison onto the fur of a passing cat, relying on compulsive grooming for ingestion. AimsWe conducted a field trial to test the effectiveness of Felixers in the control of feral cats in northern South Australia where feral cats were present within a 2600-ha predator-proof fenced paddock. MethodsTwenty Felixers were set to fire across vehicle tracks and dune crossings for 6 weeks. Cat activity was recorded using track counts and grids of remote camera traps set within the Felixer Paddock and an adjacent 3700-ha Control Paddock where feral cats were not controlled. Radio-collars were placed on six cats and spatial mark–resight models were used to estimate population density before and after Felixer deployment. Key resultsNone of the 1024 non-target objects (bettongs, bilbies, birds, lizards, humans, vehicles) that passed a Felixer during the trial was fired on, confirming high target specificity. Thirty-three Felixer firings were recorded over the 6-week trial, all being triggered by feral cats. The only two radio-collared cats that triggered Felixers during the trial, died. Two other radio-collared cats appeared to avoid Felixer traps possibly as a reaction to previous catching and handling rendering them neophobic. None of the 22 individually distinguishable cats targeted by Felixers was subsequently observed on cameras, suggesting death after firing. Felixer data, activity and density estimates consistently indicated that nearly two-thirds of the cat population was killed by the Felixers during the 6-week trial. ConclusionsResults suggest that Felixers are an effective, target-specific method of controlling feral cats, at least in areas in which immigration is prevented. The firing rate of Felixers did not decline significantly over time, suggesting that a longer trial would have resulted in a higher number of kills. ImplicationsFuture studies should aim to determine the trade-off between Felixer density and the efficacy relative to reinvasion.
27
Wang, Lei, Jiangping Song, Jacentha Buggs, Jin Wei, Shaohui Wang, Jie Zhang, Gensheng Zhang, Yan Lu, Kay-Pong Yip, and Ruisheng Liu. "A new mouse model of hemorrhagic shock-induced acute kidney injury." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 312, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): F134—F142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00347.2016.
Full textAbstract:
Current animal models of hemorrhagic shock-induced acute kidney injury (HS-induced AKI) require extensive surgical procedures and constant monitoring of hemodynamic parameters. Application of these HS-induced AKI models in mice to produce consistent kidney injury is challenging. In the present study, we developed a simple and highly reproducible mouse model of HS-induced AKI by combining moderate bleeding and renal pedicle clamping, which was abbreviated as HS-AKI. HS was induced by retroorbital bleeding of 0.4 ml blood in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were left in HS stage for 30 min, followed by renal pedicle clamping for 18 min at 36.8–37.0°C. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were monitored with preimplanted radio transmitters throughout the experiment. The acute response in renal blood flow (RBF) triggered by HS was measured with transonic flow probe. Mice received sham operation; bleeding alone and renal pedicle clamping alone served as respective controls. MAP was reduced from 77 ± 4 to 35 ± 3 mmHg after bleeding. RBF was reduced by 65% in the HS period. Plasma creatinine and kidney injury molecule-1 levels were increased by more than 22-fold 24 h after reperfusion. GFR was declined by 78% of baseline 3 days after reperfusion. Histological examination revealed a moderate-to-severe acute tubular damage, mostly at the cortex-medulla junction area, followed by the medullar and cortex regions. HS alone did not induce significant kidney injury, but synergistically enhanced pedicle clamping-induced AKI. This is a well-controlled, simple, and reliable mouse model of HS-AKI.
28
Nolte, Sandra, Ljoudmila Busija, Thomas Berger, Björn Meyer, Steffen Moritz, Matthias Rose, Johanna Schröder, Christina Späth-Nellissen, and Jan Philipp Klein. "Do sociodemographic variables moderate effects of an internet intervention for mild to moderate depressive symptoms? An exploratory analysis of a randomised controlled trial (EVIDENT) including 1013 participants." BMJ Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): e041389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041389.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the moderating effects of sociodemographic variables on treatment benefits received from participating in an internet intervention for depression.DesignRandomised, assessor-blind, controlled trial.SettingOnline intervention, with participant recruitment using multiple settings, including inpatient and outpatient medical and psychological clinics, depression online forums, health insurance companies and the media (eg, newspaper, radio).ParticipantsThe EVIDENT trial included 1013 participants with mild to moderate depressive symptoms.InterventionsThe intervention group subjects (n=509) received an online intervention (Deprexis) in addition to care as usual (CAU), while 504 participants received CAU alone.MethodsTo explore subgroup differences, moderating effects were investigated using linear regression models based on intention-to-treat analyses. Moderating effects included sex, age, educational attainment, employment status, relationship status and lifetime frequency of episodes.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary endpoint was change in self-rated depression severity measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), comparing baseline versus 12-week post-test assessment. Secondary outcome measures were the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms each at 12 weeks and at 6 and 12 months, and PHQ-9 at 6 and 12 months, respectively. In this article, we focus on the primary outcome measure only.ResultsBetween-group differences were observed in post-test scores, indicating the effectiveness of Deprexis. While the effects of the intervention could be demonstrated across all subgroups, some showed larger between-group differences than others. However, after exploring the moderating effects based on linear regression models, none of the selected variables was found to be moderating treatment outcomes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Deprexis is equally beneficial to a wide range of people; that is, participant characteristics were not associated with treatment benefits. Therefore, participant recruitment into web-based psychotherapeutic interventions should be broad, while special attention may be paid to those currently under-represented in these interventions.Trial registration numberNCT01636752.
29
Jang, Young Jun, Jin Woo Yi, Jong Joo Rha, and Seock Sam Kim. "Wetting and Adhesion Behavior of Undulated a-C:H Film Deposited on Nano-Scale Copper Dot." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.948.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigated the wetting and adhesion property of undulated a-C:H surfaces with surface morphology controlled for a reduced real area of contact. The nano-undulated a-C:H films were prepared by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (r.f. PECVD) using nanoscale Cu dots surface on a Si (100) substrate. FE-SEM, AFM analysis showed that the after repeat deposition and plasma induced damage with Ar ions, the surface was nanoscale undulated. This phenomenon changed the surface morphology of a-C:H surface. Raman spectra of film with changed morphology revealed that the plasma induced damage with Ar ions significantly suppressed the graphitization of a-C:H structure. Also, it was observed that while the untreated flat a-C:H surfaces had wetting angle starting ranged from 72° and adhesion force of 332.79 nN. Had wetting angle the undulated a-C:H surfaces, which resemble the surface morphology of a cylindrical shape, increased up to 103.6° and adhesion force decreased down to 11 nN. The measurements agree with Hertz and JKR models. The surface undulation was affected mainly by several factors: the surface morphology affinity to cylindrical shape, reduction of the real area of contact and air pockets trapped in cylindrical double asperities of the surface.
30
Buffi, Alice, Andrea Michel, Paolo Nepa, and Giuliano Manara. "Numerical analysis of wireless power transfer in near-field UHF-RFID systems." Wireless Power Transfer 5, no. 1 (November 27, 2017): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2017.16.
Full textAbstract:
A preliminary numerical analysis of the power transfer efficiency (PTE) for the forward link of near-field (NF) ultra high frequency (UHF)-radio frequency identification (RFID) systems is addressed in this paper, by resorting to an impedance matrix approach where the matrix entries are determined through full-wave simulations. The paper is aimed to quantify the NF-coupling effects on the PTE, as a function of the distance between the reader and tag antennas. To allow for a PTE comparison between different reader and tag antenna pairs, a benchmarking tag-loading condition has been assumed, where the tag antenna is loaded with the impedance that maximizes the PTE. In a more realistic loading condition, the load impedance is assumed as equal to the conjugate of the tag antenna input impedance. Full-wave simulations use accurate antenna models of commercial UHF-RFID passive tags and reader antennas. Finally, a “shape-matched antenna” configuration has been selected, where the reader antenna is assumed as identical to the tag antenna. It is shown that the above configuration could be a valuable compact solution, at least for those systems where the relative orientation/position between the tag and reader antennas can be controlled, and their separation is of the order of a few centimeters or less.
31
Badr, Basem M., Art Makosinski, Nikolai Dechev, and Kerry R. Delaney. "Controlling wireless power transfer by tuning and detuning resonance of telemetric devices for rodents." Wireless Power Transfer 7, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2020.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTelemetry acquisition from rodents is important in biomedical research, where rodent behavior data is used to study disease models. Telemetry devices for such data acquisition require a long-term powering method. Wireless power transfer (WPT) via magnetic resonant coupling can provide continuous power to multiple small telemetric devices. Our loosely coupled WPT (LCWPT) system consists of a stationary primary coil and multiple freely moving secondary coils. Our previous LCWPT system was designed to transfer reasonable power to secondary coils at poor orientations but transfers excessively high amounts of power at favorable orientations. Reasonable power is needed for telemetry and radio electronics, but highly induced voltage on the secondary coil creates excess energy which must be dissipated by previous devices, and caused problems (localized heat damage and variations in component properties) leading to drift in operating frequency. To remedy these two problems, a novel scheme is proposed to automatically tune or detune the resonant frequency of the secondary circuit. Our closed-loop controlled tuning or detuning (CTD) approach can be used to prevent excessive power transfer by detuning, or to improve power transfer by tuning, depending on the need. Furthermore, this novel CTD scheme facilitates the use of multiple telemetric devices.
32
Shao, Zhu-Feng, Xiaoqiang Tang, Xu Chen, and Li-Ping Wang. "Driving force analysis for the secondary adjustable system in FAST." Robotica 29, no. 6 (February 22, 2011): 903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574711000117.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYThe Secondary Adjustable System (SAS) addressed here is a central component of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). It is a 6-degree-of-freedom rigid Stewart manipulator, in which one platform (the end-effector) should be controlled to track-desired trajectory when another platform (denoted as the base) is moving. Driving force analysis of the SAS is the basis for selecting rational servomotors and guaranteeing the dynamic performance, which will affect the terminal pose accuracy of the FAST. In order to determine the driving forces of the SAS, using the Newton–Euler method, the inverse dynamics of the Stewart manipulator is modeled by considering the motion of the base. Compared with the traditional dynamic models, the inverse dynamic model introduced here possesses an inherent wider application range. By adopting the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the FAST prototype, the driving force analysis of the SAS is carried out, and the driving force optimization strategies are proposed. Calculation and analysis presented in the paper reveal that there are three main factors affecting the driving forces of the SAS. In addition, the driving force analysis of this paper lays out guidelines for the design and control of the FAST prototype, as well as the structure and trajectory optimization.
33
Skorokhodov, Yaroslav. "Simulation of Space and Ground-Based Aviation Surveillance Systems Functioning." SPIIRAS Proceedings 6, no. 61 (December 1, 2018): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15622/sp.61.2.
Full textAbstract:
At present, the orbital constellations of satellites with the possibility of receiving, processing and relaying the ADS-B («Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast») system signals that ensure globality and continuity of the air traffic monitoring are being created and gradually enhanced. In accordance with the concept of ADS-B technology usage , each air traffic participant broadcasts its identity, location, and status parameters in broadcast mode. Due to the fact that the system was not designed to receive signals onboard the satellite, there are certain problems related to their energy availability, the presence of collisions of messages from different sources, the effect of Doppler effect and other factors. Developed simulation model of aviation surveillance systems based on the reception of signals containing identification and navigation information and transmitted over the air in the broadcasting mode. Software-implemented simulation algorithms allow to set various constraints and assumptions (radiation sources distribution, aviation communication systems signals receiving points, information transmitting channel, signals frequency and duration distribution models) and obtain the target indicators estimates of the space and ground-based aviation surveillance systems functioning, taking into account various spatial and energy factors and conditions for the radio signals propagation, and controlled objects actual placement and their movement dynamics in the world airspace. Simulation model use methods and examples for calculating the space and ground aviation surveillance systems functioning target indicators are presented.
34
Jordan, Thomas M., Michael A. Cooper, Dustin M. Schroeder, Christopher N. Williams, John D. Paden, Martin J. Siegert, and Jonathan L. Bamber. "Self-affine subglacial roughness: consequences for radar scattering and basal water discrimination in northern Greenland." Cryosphere 11, no. 3 (May 24, 2017): 1247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1247-2017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Subglacial roughness can be determined at a variety of length scales from radio-echo sounding (RES) data either via statistical analysis of topography or inferred from basal radar scattering. Past studies have demonstrated that subglacial terrain exhibits self-affine (power law) roughness scaling behaviour, but existing radar scattering models do not take this into account. Here, using RES data from northern Greenland, we introduce a self-affine statistical framework that enables a consistent integration of topographic-scale roughness with the electromagnetic theory of radar scattering. We demonstrate that the degree of radar scattering, quantified using the waveform abruptness (pulse peakiness), is topographically controlled by the Hurst (roughness power law) exponent. Notably, specular bed reflections are associated with a lower Hurst exponent, with diffuse scattering associated with a higher Hurst exponent. Abrupt waveforms (specular reflections) have previously been used as a RES diagnostic for basal water, and to test this assumption we compare our radar scattering map with a recent prediction for the basal thermal state. We demonstrate that the majority of thawed regions (above pressure melting point) exhibit a diffuse scattering signature, which is in contradiction to the prior approach. Self-affine statistics provide a generalised model for subglacial terrain and can improve our understanding of the relationship between basal properties and ice-sheet dynamics.
35
Dickel, John R., Eric M. Jones, and Jean A. Eilek. "The Evolution of Young Supernova Remnants." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 125 (1987): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900160619.
Full textAbstract:
The remnants of the Kepler's and Tycho's supernovae show a thick shell structure with a sharp outer edge and significant brightness irregularities. Models of their expansion have been constructed using a one-dimensional spherical hydrodynamics code, which includes both a leading shock and a reverse shock moving back into the ejectum. The dynamics are controlled by conditions between these shocks. Synchrotron radio emission is produced by acceleration and amplification of initial relativistic particles and fields by eddy motion at the interface between the ejected and swept-up material and at the boundaries of clumps in the surroundings with a mean separation of 5×1017 cm, Gaussian sizes of 1×1017 cm and peak densities of 3.6×10−24 cm−3. The latter was typically 10 times the mean density between clumps. A net radial orientation of the magnetic fields is attributed to stretching by Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities at the contact surfaces. To simulate true three-dimensional structure with the one-dimensional model, random contributions from four runs with varying spacings for the clumps were summed along the line of sight. The results are shown in the figure. Without clumps the observed shell is much too narrow and steep on the inside. Whether the clumpiness is a result of presupernova mass loss or a general property of the interstellar medium is not known.
36
Zran, Jamel, and Moez Ben Messaoud. "Broadcasting Public Service in the Arab World: Rupture and Continuity." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 5, no. 3 (July 27, 2018): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v5i3.20599.
Full textAbstract:
A large proportion of the media around the world, especially those related to radio and television, belong to the state. In principle at least, there are three different terms to talk about these types of media: (1). The public media that draws on the treasury to present programming that is in the interest of the general population. They do not support any political party, not even the party in power. (2). National media owned by the state and using the treasury money, are also controlled directly by the state. (3). Government media that is owned by the ruling party and uses the treasury money, are also controlled by the ruling party. These three models coexist already in the Arab world since independence. This phenomenon almost removed the clear distinction that existed in principle between the government media and the public media. After the Arab Spring in 2011, however, this distinction remains important. The public broadcaster model was based on a principle that is still justified for most of the world and that the private media alone can not guarantee the pluralism of broadcasting. The problem, however, is that the government media have also largely failed. In several countries, the arrival of private media has pushed governments to exercise editorial control of the public media. The discussion of media regulation is aimed primarily at ensuring that the media financed by the Public treasury exercise their profession with the full independence of the government of the day to which they are entitled, rather than aiming to restrict the freedom of the media that already enjoy full editorial independence. In the Arab world, there have been some attempts to recover and modernize the ideal model of public media, as for example the case of Tunisia, Morocco and Jordan. This study aim to search if the Arab broadcasting meet the recognized standards and the requirements of the concept of public service?Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 98-112
37
Axelsson, M., Q. Dang, K. Pitsillides, S. Munns, J. Hicks, and G. S. Kassab. "A novel, fully implantable, multichannel biotelemetry system for measurement of blood flow, pressure, ECG, and temperature." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 3 (March 2007): 1220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00887.2006.
Full textAbstract:
Biotelemetry provides high-quality data in awake, free-ranging animals without the effects of anesthesia and surgery. Although many biological parameters can be measured using biotelemetry, simultaneous telemetric measurements of pressure and flow have not been available. The objective of this study was to evaluate simultaneous measurements of blood flow, pressure, ECG, and temperature in a fully implantable system. This novel system allows the measurement of up to four channels of blood flow, up to three channels of pressure, and a single channel each of ECG and temperature. The system includes a bidirectional radio-frequency link that allows the implant to send data and accept commands to perform various tasks. The system is controlled by a base station decoder/controller that decodes the data stream sent by the implant into analog signals. The system also converts the data into a digital data stream that can be sent via ethernet to a remote computer for storage and/or analysis. The system was chronically implanted in swine and alligators for up to 5 wk. Both bench and in vivo animal tests were performed to evaluate system performance. Results show that this biotelemetry system is capable of long-term accurate monitoring of simultaneous blood flow and pressure. The system allows, within the room, recordings, since the implant transmission range is between 6 and 10 m, and, with a relay, backpack transmission distance of up to 500 m can be achieved. This system will have significant utility in chronic models of cardiovascular physiology and pathology.
38
Lammert, Andrea, Akio Hansen, Felix Ament, Susanne Crewell, Galina Dick, Verena Grützun, Henk Klein-Baltink, et al. "A Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data Archive for Distributed Cloud and Precipitation Process-Oriented Observations in Central Europe." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, no. 7 (July 2019): 1299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0174.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCentral Europe has a vital and extensive meteorological research community comprising national weather services, universities, and research organizations and institutes. Nearly all of them are involved in the open scientific questions regarding clouds and precipitation processes. The research activities include observations (from in situ ground-based remote sensing radio soundings to satellite-based observations), model development on all scales (from direct numerical simulations to global climate models), and other activities. With Germany as an example our first objective is to show the large amount and the diversity of observations regarding clouds and precipitation. The goal is to give an overview of existing measurements and datasets to show the benefit of combining the different information from a variety of observations. Up to now the access to and the usage of these datasets from different sources was not straightforward, due to the issue of missing data and archiving standards for observational data. This then motivates our second objective, which is to introduce our solution for this issue—the novel Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data archive (SAMD). SAMD is one of the outcomes of the German research initiative High Definition Clouds and Precipitation for Advancing Climate Prediction [HD(CP)2]. The goal of SAMD is an easy-to-use approach for both data producers and archive users. Therefore the archive provides observational data in the common Climate Forecast (CF) Conventions format and makes it available to the broader public. SAMD offers highly standardized quality-controlled data and metadata for a wide range of instruments, with open access, which makes this novel archive important for the research community.
39
Mah, Dennis, Chin Cheng Chen, A. Omer Nawaz, Greg Galbreath, Reuven Shmulenson, Nancy Lee, and Brian Chon. "Retrospective analysis of reduced energy switching and room switching times on throughput efficiency of a multi-room proton therapy center." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1107 (March 2020): 20190820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190820.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To quantify how a control software upgrade changed beam delivery times and impacted efficiency and capacity of a multiroom proton therapy center. Methods: A four-room center treating approximately 90 patients/day, treating for approximately 7 years with optimized operations, underwent a software upgrade which reduced room and energy switching times from approximately 30 to 20 s and approximately 4 s to ~0.5 s, respectively. The center uses radio-frequency identification data to track patient treatments and has software which links this to beam delivery data extracted from the treatment log server. Two 4-month periods, with comparable patient volume, representing periods before and after the software change, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 16,168 and 17,102 fields were analyzed. For bilateral head and neck and prostate patients, the beam waiting time was reduced by nearly a factor of 3 and the beam delivery times were reduced by nearly a factor of 2.5. Room switching times were reduced more modestly. Gantry capacity has increased from approximately 30 patients to 40–45 patients in a 16-h daily operation. Conclusions: Many proton centers are striving for increased efficiencies. We demonstrated that reductions in energy and room switching time can significantly increase center capacity. Greater potential for further gains would come from improvements in setup and imaging efficiency. Advances in knowledge: This paper provides detailed measured data on the effect on treatment times resulting from reducing energy and room switching times under controlled conditions. It helps validate the models of previous investigations to establish treatment capacity of a proton therapy center.
40
Menichetti, Lorenzo, Thomas Kätterer, and Jens Leifeld. "Parametrization consequences of constraining soil organic matter models by total carbon and radiocarbon using long-term field data." Biogeosciences 13, no. 10 (May 23, 2016): 3003–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3003-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics result from different interacting processes and controls on spatial scales from sub-aggregate to pedon to the whole ecosystem. These complex dynamics are translated into models as abundant degrees of freedom. This high number of not directly measurable variables and, on the other hand, very limited data at disposal result in equifinality and parameter uncertainty. Carbon radioisotope measurements are a proxy for SOC age both at annual to decadal (bomb peak based) and centennial to millennial timescales (radio decay based), and thus can be used in addition to total organic C for constraining SOC models. By considering this additional information, uncertainties in model structure and parameters may be reduced. To test this hypothesis we studied SOC dynamics and their defining kinetic parameters in the Zürich Organic Fertilization Experiment (ZOFE) experiment, a > 60-year-old controlled cropland experiment in Switzerland, by utilizing SOC and SO14C time series. To represent different processes we applied five model structures, all stemming from a simple mother model (Introductory Carbon Balance Model – ICBM): (I) two decomposing pools, (II) an inert pool added, (III) three decomposing pools, (IV) two decomposing pools with a substrate control feedback on decomposition, (V) as IV but with also an inert pool. These structures were extended to explicitly represent total SOC and 14C pools. The use of different model structures allowed us to explore model structural uncertainty and the impact of 14C on kinetic parameters. We considered parameter uncertainty by calibrating in a formal Bayesian framework. By varying the relative importance of total SOC and SO14C data in the calibration, we could quantify the effect of the information from these two data streams on estimated model parameters. The weighing of the two data streams was crucial for determining model outcomes, and we suggest including it in future modeling efforts whenever SO14C data are available. The measurements and all model structures indicated a dramatic decline in SOC in the ZOFE experiment after an initial land use change in 1949 from grass- to cropland, followed by a constant but smaller decline. According to all structures, the three treatments (control, mineral fertilizer, farmyard manure) we considered were still far from equilibrium. The estimates of mean residence time (MRT) of the C pools defined by our models were sensitive to the consideration of the SO14C data stream. Model structure had a smaller effect on estimated MRT, which ranged between 5.9 ± 0.1 and 4.2 ± 0.1 years and 78.9 ± 0.1 and 98.9 ± 0.1 years for young and old pools, respectively, for structures without substrate interactions. The simplest model structure performed the best according to information criteria, validating the idea that we still lack data for mechanistic SOC models. Although we could not exclude any of the considered processes possibly involved in SOC decomposition, it was not possible to discriminate their relative importance.
41
Stoilov, Stanimir, Andrea R. Proto, Georgi Angelov, Salvatore F. Papandrea, and Stelian Alexandru Borz. "Evaluation of Salvage Logging Productivity and Costs in the Sensitive Forests of Bulgaria." Forests 12, no. 3 (March 7, 2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12030309.
Full textAbstract:
Steep terrain harvesting can only be implemented by a limited set of operational alternatives; therefore, it is important to be efficient in such conditions, in order to avoid incurring high costs. Harvesting abiotically-disturbed forests (salvage harvests caused by wet snow), which is becoming common these days, can significantly impact the operational efficiency of extraction operations. This study was implemented in order to evaluate the performance of truck-mounted uphill cable yarding operations in salvage logging deployed in coniferous stands. A time study was used to estimate the productivity and yarding costs, and predictive models were developed in order to relate the time consumption and productivity to the relevant operational factors, including the degree of wood damage. The average operational conditions were characterized by an extraction distance of 101 m and a lateral yarding distance of 18 m, resulting in a productivity rate of 20.1 m3 h−1. In response to different kind of delays, the productivity rate decreased to 12.8 m3 h−1. Under the prevailing conditions, lateral yarding accounted for 32% of the gross work cycle time, and for 50% of the delay-free work cycle time of the machine. Decreasing the lateral yarding distance and increasing the payload volume to the maximum capacity of the machine would eventually lead to a yarding productivity of close to 30 m3 per SMH (scheduled machine hour). The calculation of the gross costs of uphill yarding showed that the labor costs (35.7%) were slightly higher than the fixed costs (32.9%), and twice as high compared to the variable costs (17.7%). The remote control of the carriage, mechanical slack-pulling mechanisms, and radio-controlled chokers are just some of the improvements that would have led to increments in operational efficiency.
42
Ntawuzumunsi, Elias, Santhi Kumaran, and Louis Sibomana. "Self-Powered Smart Beehive Monitoring and Control System (SBMaCS)." Sensors 21, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103522.
Full textAbstract:
Beekeeping in Africa has been practiced for many years through successive generations and along inherited patterns. Beekeepers continue to face challenges in accessing consistent and business-driven markets for their bee products. In addition, the honeybee populations are decreasing due to colony collapse disorder (CCD), fire, loss of bees in swarming, honey buggers and other animals, moths, starvation, cold weather, and Varoa mites. The main issues are related to un-controlled temperature, humidity, and traditional management of beekeeping. These challenges result in low production of honey and colony losses. The control of the environmental conditions within and surrounding the beehives are not available to beekeepers due to the lack of monitoring systems. A Smart Beehive System using Internet of Things (IoT) technology would allow beekeepers to keep track of the amount of honey created in their hives and bee colonies even when they are far from their hives, through mobile phones, which would curtail the challenges currently faced by the beekeepers. However, there are challenges in the design of energy-efficient embedded electronic devices for IoT. A promising solution is to provide energy autonomy to the IoT nodes that will harvest residual energy from ambient sources, such as motion, vibrations, light, or heat. This paper proposes a Self-Powered Smart Beehive Monitoring and Control System (SBMaCS) using IoT to support remote follow-up and control, enhancing bee colonies’ security and thus increasing the honey productivity. First, we develop the SBMaCS hardware prototype interconnecting various sensors, such as temperature sensor, humidity sensor, piezoelectric transducer—which will work as a weight sensor—motion sensor, and flame sensor. Second, we introduce energy harvesting models to self-power the SBMaCS by analyzing the (i) energy harvested from adult bees’ vibrations, (ii) energy harvesting through the piezoelectric transducer, and (iii) radio frequency energy harvesting. Third, we develop a mobile phone application that interacts with the SBMaCS hardware to monitor and control the various parameters related to the beehives. Finally, the SBMaCS PCB layout is also designed. SBMaCS will help beekeepers to successfully monitor and control some important smart beekeeping activities wherever they are using their mobile phone application.
43
Gevorgyan, R., K. Sviatokum, O. Bosyy, S. Grigorenko, and O. Malyshkin. "INTERACTION OF FORCES AND FACILITIES OF RECONNAISSANCE AND FIRE DEFEAT IN THE COMBAT." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 2, no. 12 (December 27, 2019): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2019.12.2.85-91.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The article discusses the prospects for the use of artillery reconnaissance and fire destruction as a single system of destruction in battle. The current stage of armament development is characterized by the creation of new types and models of high-precision weapons capable of reliably striking the most important objects of the enemy, does not matter what protective and mobile properties they are possessed and at whatever depth they are located. In this case, the operational disclosure (detection, recognition and determination of coordinates) of such objects and timely bringing intelligence data about them to the appropriate commanders (chiefs) and staffs is a decisive condition for effective fire defeat of enemy (FDE) in combat. Successful completion of such a task is impossible without the organization of a clear interaction of forces and means of reconnaissance and fire defeat in the framework of a unified system of reconnaissance and defeat (SRD) of military formation. The essence of such interaction is in the coordinated by the task, place and time continuous action of forces and means that conducting intelligence, that collect, process intelligence information and quickly bring it to the relevant bodies (points) of command of troops and weapons for making the most expedient decisions in the fire defeat and radio-electronic suppression of the enemy in battle. In the perspective of the SRD military formation, in our view, should be an organizational, information and technical complex of forces and means of reconnaissance and fire defeat, combined with the general management and to provide reconnaissance of the objects of the enemy, their radio-electronic suppression and aiming at them controlled weapons in real time. Meanwhile, the functional elements (subsystems) of a military unit can be considered reconnaissance-fire complexes (RFCs), reconnaissance-electronic complexes (RECs) or reconnaissance-electron-fire complexes (REFCs), operatively created during the combat operations period for specific the tasks of SRD and RES. Each REFC can be assigned to reconnaissance and defeat from one to several groups of important enemy objects. The steady increase in the role of fire defeat, the expansion of the range of tasks it solves, and the significant increase in military power of the means of destruction (range and accuracy of firing, fire rate, ammunition power) caused the increasing of the significance of the quality of intelligence data obtained for the purpose of planning and implementation of fire, its part in the total amount of tasks performed by tactical intelligence. The transition from individual resources and reconnaissance complexes to automated reconnaissance systems and intelligence management systems, that represents a higher degree of integration of reconnaissance facilities in the interests of combat support of troops in electronic-fire operation, is the essence of the most important tendency to improving combat through mechanized connection. Along with a significant increase in intelligence efficiency, the reliability of its data and the accuracy of the coordinates of the affected objects (goals), it promotes a significant reduction in financial and time costs for the creation of new technique. In addition, the development and implementation of automated reconnaissance and intelligence management systems facilitates the creation of unified reconnaissance control centers, RES and fire defeats, which fully corresponds to their role in electron-fire operation.
44
Iftikhar, Aimon, and Bryan Brown. "2518." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 1, S1 (September 2017): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2017.237.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Mesh properties, such as stiffness, porosity, and weight have been shown to correlate with the degree of mesh integration with vaginal tissue. Previous research in rhesus macaques implanted with polypropylene mesh differing in stiffness, porosity, and weight showed differences in vaginal deterioration following mesh implantation. These differences were correlated with a foreign body response, consisting primarily of activated, proinflammatory M1 macrophages. Previous studies have determined that the early macrophage polarization profile following biomaterial implantation is a strong indicator of overall tissue integration downstream. However, these early responses have not been previously observed in the appropriate surgical models. Prior work from our laboratory in developing a cytokine delivery system has shown that shifting the macrophage response at the host-implant interface from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in the first 14 days postimplantation resulted in enhanced integration of the mesh with the surrounding tissues. The present study develops an in vivo model clinically relevant surgical model to investigate the modulation of the host response to mesh. Utilizing a moderately-sized animal, we can feasibly implant mesh using the “gold standard” abdominal sacrocolpopexy procedure and evaluate the changes in the host immunologic response at early (14 d) and tissue remodeling outcomes at late stages (90 and 180 d) of implantation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Commercially available heavyweight and lightweight mesh was used to investigate the modulation of the immune response. A custom MTI SILAR Automated Dip Coating machine is used to uniformly coat the mesh in a reproducible manner. An adapted radio frequency glow discharge method is used to create a stable negative charge on the surface of the mesh, followed by the sequential deposition of polycationic and polyanionic polymers to provide a stable, conformal, nanoscale coating. Chitosan served as the polycation, chosen because of its known antimicrobial and biocompatibility properties. Dermatan sulfate served as the polyanion, chosen for its important role in regulating extracellular matrix components and enhancing the activity of cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is incorporated into the coating to be released in a controlled manner upon implantation. In vitro controlled release profiles were assessed to demonstrate efficient and local release of IL-4. Utilizing a New Zealand white rabbit surgical model, we implant mesh using the “gold standard” abdominal sacrocolpopexy procedure and evaluate the changes in the host immunologic response at early (14 d) and tissue remodeling outcomes at late stages (90 and 180 d) of implantation. The mesh-tissue complex was removed from each rabbit and processed for histological staining as well as immunolabeling of immune cells, such as macrophages. Determination of matrix metalloproteinases and fibrotic capsule formation also helps characterize the overall inflammatory response associated with each implant. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We have developed a clinically relevant rabbit surgical model to implant different conditions of surgical mesh into 2 different sites, including the vagina and the abdomen. The results of this study show that implants into vaginal tissues elicited an increased host inflammatory response at 14 days as compared with those in the abdominal wall. However, at chronic time points the inflammatory response in the vagina was reduced as compared to that in the abdominal cavity. The present study also demonstrates the scale-up of a previous methodology for nano-scale coating. We present a nanometer thickness, tunable, and uniform coating capable of releasing bioactive IL-4. In vitro assays confirm the bioactivity and the controlled local release allowing for shifts in the immune response to promote implant integration. Improved remodeling has been observed to correlate with a shift in the early host response from an M1 to an M2 phenotype, however, there is limited information on the exact mechanism. Our strategy to achieve enhanced tissue remodeling demonstrate outcomes such as minimal changes to the structural properties of the mesh and a controlled release profile to sufficiently polarize macrophages around the mesh to a pro-remodeling state. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition where the pelvic floor muscles weaken over time resulting in the downward shift of the pelvic organs into the vaginal canal. Moreover, factors such as obesity, age, and vaginal birth increase the susceptibility of being diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse. Direct costs of reconstructive procedures exceed $1 billion each year in the United States. Synthetic mesh has been used to repair abdominal hernias for over half a century. Biomedical companies, through 510k and the 1976 Medical Device Amendments Act, were able to resell their hernia repair mesh as a treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. However, women who have had vaginal mesh implants have reported an increasing number of complications including chronic pain and mesh erosion/exposure at rates as high as 10%–20%. In fact, in 2008 and 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration issued warnings to doctors and patients about the mesh. In January 2016, the FDA officially had to reclassify surgical mesh for transvaginal repair of pelvic organ prolapse from a class II, moderate risk device, to a class III, high-risk device. Presently, data for the use of synthetic mesh has largely derived from abdominal hernia repair, instead of vaginal repair of prolapse. In the rodent model, the vagina is too small to implant mesh in an analogous manner to human implantation. Instead, implantations are done in the abdomen, a different tissue composition and host response profile than the vagina. Primate models of pelvic organ prolapse have been utilized, but are associated with high costs and investigation of acute immune responses are not considered ethical due to the short time of survival. Thus, our presented work will not only show the development of an improved material for implantation, but also the development of an in vivo model clinically relevant to understanding the early host response to mesh.
45
Rose, Adam C., Gia Garrett, Miray Seward, Pareen J. Shenoy, Roy A. Kucuk, Hannah Doksansky, and Christopher R. Flowers. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Radioimmunotherapy Consolidation for Untreated Patients with Follicular Lymphoma (FL)." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.101.101.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 101 Background: The disease course of FL is characterized by multiple relapses and progressively shorter response durations with subsequent therapies. As a result, numerous treatment strategies have been developed to reduce the risk of progression including consolidation with transplantation, radio-immunotherapy (RIT), or maintenance therapy with rituximab (R). At present, the optimal therapeutic strategy for FL patients (pts) remains undefined. R maintenance and RIT with an anti-CD20 antibody linked to iodine-131 (I131 Tositumomab) or to yttrium-90 (Y90-ibritumomab tiuxetan) have emerged as well tolerated treatments following induction. To quantify the benefits of consolidative RIT, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of selected studies. Methods: As part of a broader review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library Issue, 2011), MEDLINE (1/1966-6/2011), American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting abstracts (2004–2010), and American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting abstracts (2007–2010). Each database was searched using combinations of the term ‘follicular lymphoma' and the terms for treatment regimens. Inclusion criteria for studies were as follows: 1) reports on phase 2/3 studies; 2) n≥30; 3) previously untreated patients 4) treatment with RIT targeted at the CD20 antigen following an induction regimen; 5) original reporting in English of the following treatment outcome measures for pts with FL: CR/CR-unconfirmed, OR, and at least one form of survival data. Extracted data included pre-treatment disease status, pt characteristics, treatment regimen, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR) and overall response (OR). Pooled estimates of the CR rate, OR rate, 2-year PFS and 5-year PFS for pts treated with consolidative RIT were computed using DerSimonian and Laird random effects models. Results: Over 1136 records were reviewed with 8 studies meeting inclusion criteria with 556 patients. Between 1998 and 2007, pts were accrued at multiple sites in all but one study. Median ages ranged from 49–57 years with 41–61% male subjects, among the studies reporting gender. A weighted average of 97.2% of patients had stage III/IV disease with 73–98% pts having grade 1/2 disease, among those studies reporting histology. Among studies reporting this information, 19–44% of patients had abnormal LDH values, and 25–100% had bulky lymph nodes. CR rates ranged from 51% to 97%, 2-year PFS ranged from 65% to 86%, and 5-year PFS ranged from 38% to 67%. The pooled estimates of the CR rate and OR rate following consolidative RIT were 78% (95% CI 66%–87%) and 98% (95% CI 92.9%–99.5%), respectively (Figure A). The pooled estimates for the 2-year and 5-year PFS were 77.0% (95% CI 70.5–82.4%) and 56.0% (95% CI 41.9–69.2%), respectively (Figure B). Conclusions: This analysis suggests that consolidative RIT is beneficial to patients with previously untreated FL with meaningful CR rates and 5-year PFS. In addition, consolidative RIT compares favorably to maintenance therapy with R given after chemotherapy (ECOG 1496) in both 2-year PFS (77.0% vs. 73.5%) and 5-year PFS (56.0% vs. 46.4%), and needs to be compared to maintenance R following R-chemotherapy induction. Disclosures: Flowers: Genentech/Roche (unpaid): Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium/Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy; Novartis: Research Funding; Spectrum: Consultancy, Research Funding.
46
Carter, Nicholas ,. B. "Radio-controlled models for bird dispersal." Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference 20 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/v420110313.
Full text
47
Jiang, Dai, Fangqi Liu, Henry T. Lancashire, Timothy A. Perkins, Matthew Schormans, Anne Vanhoestenberghe, Nicholas De N. Donaldson, and Andreas Demosthenous. "A Versatile Hermetically Sealed Microelectronic Implant for Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Applications." Frontiers in Neuroscience 15 (July 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.681021.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents a versatile neurostimulation platform featuring a fully implantable multi-channel neural stimulator for chronic experimental studies with freely moving large animal models involving peripheral nerves. The implant is hermetically sealed in a ceramic enclosure and encapsulated in medical grade silicone rubber, and then underwent active tests at accelerated aging conditions at 100°C for 15 consecutive days. The stimulator microelectronics are implemented in a 0.6-μm CMOS technology, with a crosstalk reduction scheme to minimize cross-channel interference, and high-speed power and data telemetry for battery-less operation. A wearable transmitter equipped with a Bluetooth Low Energy radio link, and a custom graphical user interface provide real-time, remotely controlled stimulation. Three parallel stimulators provide independent stimulation on three channels, where each stimulator supports six stimulating sites and two return sites through multiplexing, hence the implant can facilitate stimulation at up to 36 different electrode pairs. The design of the electronics, method of hermetic packaging and electrical performance as well as in vitro testing with electrodes in saline are presented.
48
Olugboji, Oluwafemi A., Jonathan Y. Jiya, and Destiny I. Ogwuche. "Prototyping of a Robotic Fire Vehicle Using Radio Frequency Technology." FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v4i1.260.
Full textAbstract:
Fighting a raging fire is one of the toughest uphill battles in the public – safety world. Fire fighters try to put off fires with very little information, having no idea of the size and scope of the fire nor how many potential victims may be cut off from rescue. Fire losses throughout the world remain too high and firefighting too hazardous. This work aims to mitigate these losses via the prototyping of a robotic fire vehicle using radio frequency technology. The primary research method for this study is the literature review of the various types of limitation in existing firefighting systems and models, from the review carried out an improved firefighting robotic system was designed and built. The vehicle is loaded with a water carrying bottle. Two DC motors alongside a castor wheel are used for the locomotion and drive system of the robot, a DC water pump is used to spray jets of water through its suction action. These motors are controlled from a distance over a wireless communication between the Bluetooth HC-06 and a motor control app installed on an android phone. The Robot is programmed to stop and release sprinkles of water before the robot hits the target. An Arduino microcontroller is used for the overall desired operation. The entire system is powered by a 12V Lead – acid rechargeable battery. The robot has a dimension of 0.37 m by 0.28 m by 0.12 m and navigates through a modeled floor plan with an average velocity of 0.05 m/s to extinguish a simulated fire in 5 to 10 seconds. Experimental work has been carried out carefully and successfully, the proposed technique is confirmed to be very useful for engineering, research and safety purposes.Key Words: Arduino microcontroller, chassis, robotics, actuator
49
Hamoud, Moustafa A., Karam F. Allan, Refaat R. Ayoub, Mohamed Holeil, and Mamdoh R. Mahmoud. "Efficient removal of radiocobalt and manganese from their binary aqueous solutions by batch adsorption process using PAN/HDTMA/KCuHCF composite." Radiochimica Acta, November 6, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2020-0078.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSimultaneous removal of radiocobalt and manganese by adsorption onto polyacrylonitrile/hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide/potassium copper hexacyanoferrate (PAN/HDTMA/KCuHCF) composite was studied. The synthesized composite was characterized by Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The influence of the solution pH was studied in the range 1.5–7.8 and the results showed the effectiveness of the synthesized composite for simultaneous adsorption of radiocobalt and manganese in the pH range 2.5–6 at an adsorbent mass of 4 g/L. Adsorption kinetic data of manganese at the studied concentrations were best fitted by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the diffusion study showed that the adsorption process was controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo) were estimated and the results indicated that adsorption processes of the concerned (radio)toxicants were spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Of the studied isotherm models, Freundlich and Langmuir were the best ones for describing the adsorption isotherm data of radiocobalt and manganese, respectively. The adsorption capacity of PAN/HDTMA/KCuHCF was found to be 23.629 (for radiocobalt) and 62.854 (for manganese). Desorption of Radiocobalt and manganese loaded onto PAN/HDTMA/KCuHCF composite was studied using various desorbing agents at different concentrations.
50
S, Ms Merena, and Ms Poovizhi K. "Advanced Sensor For Monitoring Buoy System Marine Environments." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, March 31, 2021, 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-913.
Full textAbstract:
Monitoring of marine ecosystems is essential to identify the parameters of condition. Ongoing advances utilized in senor innovation have been controlled by observing rapid and ease electronic circuits, novel sign handling techniques and imaginative advances in assembling advances. The information got from the sensors used to screen the advancement of numerical models with which to foresee the conduct of states of the water, the ocean bed and the living creatures inhabiting it. Potential field of digital signal preparing includes new methodologies for the improvement of sensor properties. In this paper proposed method are Multi-sensor buoy systems. The chance of use in beach front shallow-water marine conditions, appropriate measurements for arrangement and steadiness of the sensor framework in a moving domain like the ocean bed, and absolute independence of intensity flexibly and information recording .The buoy system has successfully performed remote monitoring of temperature and marine pressure (SBE 41CP sensor), temperature(MCP9700 sensor), atmospheric pressure (YOUNG 61302L sensor), Wind speed (DNA802sensor), and Wind direction (DNA821 sensor). Wind display and signal conditioning (meteorological translator 05603C interface). Measurement values or a decision than usually used threshold base algorithms. The watched future advancement patterns are: the scaling down of sensors and segments, the inescapable utilization of multi-sensor frameworks and the expanding significance of radio remote and self-governing sensors.