Journal articles: 'Radio over Fiber, Microwave Photonics'

1

Marti, Javier, and Jose Capmany. "Microwave photonics and radio-over-fiber research." IEEE Microwave Magazine 10, no. 4 (June 2009): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2009.932282.

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Xu, Kun, Ruixin Wang, Yitang Dai, Feifei Yin, Jianqiang Li, Yuefeng Ji, and Jintong Lin. "Microwave photonics: radio-over-fiber links, systems, and applications [Invited]." Photonics Research 2, no. 4 (July 14, 2014): B54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/prj.2.000b54.

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Tian, Yu, Shijie Song, Keith Powell, Ka-Lun Lee, Christina Lim, Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas, and Xiaoke Yi. "A 60-GHz Radio-Over-Fiber Fronthaul Using Integrated Microwave Photonics Filters." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 29, no. 19 (October 1, 2017): 1663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2017.2742526.

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Amiri, Iraj, Saaidal Azzuhri, Muhammad Jalil, Haryana Hairi, Jalil Ali, Montree Bunruangses, and Preecha Yupapin. "Introduction to Photonics: Principles and the Most Recent Applications of Microstructures." Micromachines 9, no. 9 (September 11, 2018): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9090452.

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Light has found applications in data transmission, such as optical fibers and waveguides and in optoelectronics. It consists of a series of electromagnetic waves, with particle behavior. Photonics involves the proper use of light as a tool for the benefit of humans. It is derived from the root word “photon”, which connotes the tiniest entity of light analogous to an electron in electricity. Photonics have a broad range of scientific and technological applications that are practically limitless and include medical diagnostics, organic synthesis, communications, as well as fusion energy. This will enhance the quality of life in many areas such as communications and information technology, advanced manufacturing, defense, health, medicine, and energy. The signal transmission methods used in wireless photonic systems are digital baseband and RoF (Radio-over-Fiber) optical communication. Microwave photonics is considered to be one of the emerging research fields. The mid infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy offers a principal means for biological structure analysis as well as nonintrusive measurements. There is a lower loss in the propagations involving waveguides. Waveguides have simple structures and are cost-efficient in comparison with optical fibers. These are important components due to their compactness, low profile, and many advantages over conventional metallic waveguides. Among the waveguides, optofluidic waveguides have been found to provide a very powerful foundation for building optofluidic sensors. These can be used to fabricate the biosensors based on fluorescence. In an optical fiber, the evanescent field excitation is employed to sense the environmental refractive index changes. Optical fibers as waveguides can be used as sensors to measure strain, temperature, pressure, displacements, vibrations, and other quantities by modifying a fiber. For some application areas, however, fiber-optic sensors are increasingly recognized as a technology with very interesting possibilities. In this review, we present the most common and recent applications of the optical fiber-based sensors. These kinds of sensors can be fabricated by a modification of the waveguide structures to enhance the evanescent field; therefore, direct interactions of the measurand with electromagnetic waves can be performed. In this research, the most recent applications of photonics components are studied and discussed.

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XU, Kun, Jian-qiang LI, Jie YIN, Ye ZHANG, Hao HUANG, and Jin-tong LIN. "Microwave photonic signal processing techniques and radio-over-fiber transmission demonstration." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 16 (September 2009): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(08)60367-2.

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Lu, Jinyue, Hao Chi, Xianmin Zhang, and Linfang Shen. "Noise reduction using photonic microwave filter for radio over fiber system." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 48, no. 2 (2005): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.21333.

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Li, Peixuan, Wei Pan, Xihua Zou, Lianshan Yan, Bin Luo, and Bing Lu. "Tunable microwave photonic duplexer for full-duplex radio-over-fiber access." Optics Express 25, no. 4 (February 15, 2017): 4145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.004145.

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Han, Guanyu, Shangyuan Li, Haojie Wang, Xiaoxiao Xue, and Xiaoping Zheng. "A Microwave Photonics Equalizer for Overcoming Dispersion-Induced Distortions on Wideband Signals in Radio-Over-Fiber Links." Journal of Lightwave Technology 37, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2018.2879483.

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SONG, H. J., T. W. KIM, S. J. JO, C. H. LIM, K. H. OH, S. G. IHN, and J. I. SONG. "Microwave Photonic Mixer Utilizing an InGaAs Photoconductor for Radio over Fiber Applications." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E90-C, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e90-c.2.457.

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Wu, Ruihuan, Jinping Lin, Tianwei Jiang, Chenxia Liu, and Song Yu. "Stable radio frequency transfer over fiber based on microwave photonic phase shifter." Optics Express 27, no. 26 (December 16, 2019): 38109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.038109.

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Shikoski, Jovan, Rumen Arnaudov, and Tinko Eftimov. "Photonic powering of sensors with bidirectional communication along a single fiber." Photonics Letters of Poland 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i1.919.

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In this paper we propose and study simultaneous transmission of photonic power and bidirectional communication to and from sensors via 840/1310 nm WDMs. The photovoltaic converter is used both for power conversion and data transfer from the high power laser at 808nm up to 1Mb/s while the 1310nm link can be up to 155 Mb/s.Full Text: PDF References:J.C.V.da Silva, E.L.A.S.de Souza, V.Garcia, J.B.Rosolem, C.Floridia, M.A.B.Sanches, "Design of a Multimode Fiber Optic Cable to Transmit Optical Energy for Long Reach in PoF Systems", Proceedings of the 63rd IWCS Conference, International Wire & Cable Symposium, Shrewsbury, PA, USA, 2014, pp.832-839. [CrossRef]J.B. Rosolem, E.K.Tomiyama, D.C.Dini, F.R.Bassan, R.S.Penze, A.A.Leonardi, C. Floridia, J.P.Fracarolli, R.M.Teixeira, "A fiber optic powered sensor designed for partial discharges monitoring on high voltage bushings". Proc. of SBMO/IEEE MTT‐S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC); 3-6 Nov. 2015; Porto de Galinhas, Brazil, pp. 1-5. [CrossRef]T.C. Banwell, R.C.Estes, L.A.Reith, P.W.Shumate, E.M.Vogel, "Powering the fiber loop optically - a cost analysis", IEEE J. of Lightwave Techn., Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 481-494, 1993. [CrossRef]M. Dumke, G. Heiserich, S. Franke, L. Schulz, and L. Overmeyer, "Power Transmission by Optical Fibers for Component Inherent Communication", Systemics, Cybernetics And Informatics, Vol.8, No.1, pp. 55-60, (2010) [DirectLink]C. Gao, J. Wang, L. Yin, J. Yang, J. Jiang, H. Wan, Optically Powered Active Sensing System for Internet Of Things, Proc. SPIE 9270, Optoelectronic Devices and Integration V, 927016 (24 October 2014) [CrossRef]J. Yan, J. Wang, Y. Lu, J. Jiang, H. Wan, Novel Wireless Sensor System Based on Power-over-Fiber Technique, 14th Int. Conf. on Optical Comm. and Networks (ICOCN) 3-5 July 2015, Nanjing, China, 15382393 [CrossRef]Böttger, G.; Dreschmann, M.; Klamouris, C.; Hü bner, M.; Röger, M.; Bett, A. W.; Kueng, T.; Becker, J.; Freu de, W.; Leuthold, J.: An Otically Powered Video Camera Link. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 20, No. 1, pages 39-41, 2008. [CrossRef]M. Matsuura and J. Sato, Bidirectional Radio-Over-Fiber Systems Using Double-Clad Fibers for Optically Powered Remote Antenna Units, IEEE Photonics J., Vol. 7, No. 1, 2015, 7900609 [CrossRef]J. Wang, Q. Li, J. Yan, Y. Ding, Y. Lu, Y. Zhang, H. Wan, Power-Over-Fiber Technique based Sensing System for Internet оf Things, 15th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN), Hangzhou, China, Sep. 24-27, 2016. [CrossRef]S. Kartalopoulos, Optical Bit Error Rate: An Estimation Methodology (2004) Willey- IEEE Press. [CrossRef]J. Shikoski, R. Arnaudov, and T. Eftimov, A study of the frequency characteristics of a photovoltaic convertor РРС-4Е, Photonics Letters of Poland, Vol. 10(3), (2018), pp. 70-72 [CrossRef]J. B. Rosolem, Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications, Ed. by R. Róka, Ch. 13, Power‐Over‐Fiber Applications for Telecommunications and for Electric Utilities, Intech Open Ltd, London, 2017, pp.255-278. [CrossRef]

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Fu, X., C. Cui, and S. C. Chan. "Optically Injected Semiconductor Laser for Photonic Microwave Frequency Mixing in Radio-Over-Fiber." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 24, no. 7 (January 1, 2010): 849–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939310791285236.

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13

Chun-Ting Lin, Sheng-Peng Dai, J. Chen, Po Tsung Shih, Peng-Chun Peng, and Sien Chi. "A Novel Direct Detection Microwave Photonic Vector Modulation Scheme for Radio-Over-Fiber System." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 20, no. 13 (July 2008): 1106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2008.924176.

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14

Zhang, Yamei, Fangzheng Zhang, and Shilong Pan. "Optical single sideband polarization modulation for radio-over-fiber system and microwave photonic signal processing." Photonics Research 2, no. 4 (August 1, 2014): B80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/prj.2.000b80.

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15

Correa-Mena, Ana Gabriela, Jorge Alberto Seseña-Osorio, Melissa Eugenia Diago-Mosquera, Alejandro Aragón-Zavala, and Ignacio Enrique Zaldívar-Huerta. "Optical Transmission of an Analog TV-Signal Coded at 2.24 GHz and Its Distribution by Using a Radiating Cable." Electronics 9, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060917.

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In this work, an alternative technology to extend wireless coverage beyond the conventional methods of providing radio propagation coverage is presented. The use of a radiating cable is proposed for difficult-to-reach areas. In this regard, an indoor radiating cable is successfully employed for the distribution of an analog electric signal in a fiber-radio scheme using a microwave photonic filter. A filtered microwave band-pass window located at 2.24 GHz is used as an electrical carrier to transmit an analog TV-signal of 67.25 MHz over an optical link of 25.28 km. Measurements are carried out in an indoor environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the recovered signal is of good quality in each measurement location, exhibiting on average a signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) of around 31.60 dB.

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Wijayanto, Yusuf Nur, Hiroshi Murata, and I. Dewa Putu Hermida. "Microwave and Optical Electric Field Interaction in Microwave Polarization Detector Based on Photonic Technology for EMC Measurement." Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi 16, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jet.v16.7-10.

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We analyze the interaction of microwave and optical electric field in a microwave polarization detector based on photonic technology for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) measurement. The detector consists of two orthogonal optical waveguides and patch antennas embedded with two orthogonal gaps fabricated on an Electro-Optic (EO) crystal. Wireless microwave signals can be received, separated and converted directly to lightwave signals through optical modulation using the proposed detector. This detector operates with no external power supply and with low microwave distortion. Microwave polarization can be identified using the proposed interface. In addition, it enables us to measure the magnitude and phase of the wireless signal simultaneously. The analysis of the device was done and presented at the operation frequency of 26 GHz. The proposed interface can be applied for EMC measurement through the radio-over-fiber link.

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17

Xia, Weicheng, Ruiqi Zheng, Bijuan Chen, Erwin Chan, Xudong Wang, Xinhuan Feng, and Bai-Ou Guan. "Ripple Suppression in Broadband Microwave Photonic Phase Shifter Frequency Response." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 2433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122433.

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This paper presents a detailed investigation on the cause of ripples in the frequency response of a microwave photonic phase shifter implemented using a 90° hybrid coupler. It was found that an unwanted radio frequency (RF) modulation sideband is generated at the modulator output due to the 90° hybrid coupler amplitude and phase imbalance. This resulted in phase shifter output RF signal amplitude variation and phase deviation. Experimental results demonstrated that incorporating an optical filter in the phase shifter structure can reduce the amplitude variation and phase deviation from 4.2 dB to 2.2 dB and from ±12° to ±3.8°, respectively, over a wide frequency range. A comparison of the loss and the dynamic range of the microwave photonic phase shifter implemented using a 90° hybrid coupler with a conventional fiber optic link is also presented.

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Chang, Gee-Kung, and Lin Cheng. "The benefits of convergence." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2062 (March 6, 2016): 20140442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0442.

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A multi-tier radio access network (RAN) combining the strength of fibre-optic and radio access technologies employing adaptive microwave photonics interfaces and radio-over-fibre (RoF) techniques is envisioned for future heterogeneous wireless communications. All-band radio spectrum from 0.1 to 100 GHz will be used to deliver wireless services with high capacity, high link speed and low latency. The multi-tier RAN will improve the cell-edge performance in an integrated heterogeneous environment enabled by fibre–wireless integration and networking for mobile fronthaul/backhaul, resource sharing and all-layer centralization of multiple standards with different frequency bands and modulation formats. In essence, this is a ‘no-more-cells’ architecture in which carrier aggregation among multiple frequency bands can be easily achieved with seamless handover between cells. In this way, current and future mobile network standards such as 4G and 5G can coexist with optimized and continuous cell coverage using multi-tier RoF regardless of the underlying network topology or protocol. In terms of users’ experience, the future-proof approach achieves the goals of system capacity, link speed, latency and continuous heterogeneous cell coverage while overcoming the bandwidth crunch in next-generation communication networks.

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Hung, Yu-Han, and Sheng-Kwang Hwang. "Photonic microwave amplification for radio-over-fiber links using period-one nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers." Optics Letters 38, no. 17 (August 26, 2013): 3355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.003355.

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Zheng, Jianyu, Jing Wang, Jian Yu, Ming Zhu, Ze Dong, Xin Wang, Ting Su, Jianguo Liu, Ninghua Zhu, and Gee-Kung Chang. "Photonic microwave-signal-mixing technique using phase-coherent orthogonal optical carriers for radio-over-fiber application." Optics Letters 39, no. 18 (September 3, 2014): 5263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.39.005263.

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Mathur, Manisha, Jaynendra Kumar Rai, and Nilakantan Sridhar. "Microwave photonic network for active electronically scanned array radar." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2016): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000295.

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Active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar has large number oftransmit/Receive (T/R) modules which require multiple microwave and digital signals. Distribution of these signals through conventional method such as coaxial cable, twisted pair, etc. not only introduces engineering complexities and signal loss but also have limitation of bandwidth, data rate, transmission distance, etc. This paper addresses design and implementation of microwave photonic network for distribution of microwave and digital signals over single optical fiber using wavelength division multiplexing for AESA radars. The design challenge is to limit the variation in output radio frequency power within ±1 dB over full operational band of radar from 2 to 4 GHz and functionality under hostile military environment. Optical amplifiers have been used in all channels to stabilize optical output independent of wavelength with automatic light control. The optical signal is split into 64 identical parts to feed multiplexed signal into different digital receivers physically spread across the antenna array. It is an additional challenge to normalize performance as all 64 receivers show variation in output in spite of identical electronic circuitry. Experimental results validate the feasibility of microwave photonic network for wide branching distribution of multiple microwave and digital signals for AESA radar.

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Mao, Kaibo, Jinyang Liu, Chenhui Ye, Xuezhi Hong, and Kun Zhu. "A subcarrier demultiplexing scheme based on a coefficient-switchable microwave photonic filter in radio-over-fiber systems." Optics Communications 285, no. 5 (March 2012): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2011.11.021.

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Hongyan Fu and Kun Zhu. "Radio-over-Fiber System With Multiple-Optical-Source-Based Microwave Photonic Filter Performing as a Subcarrier Demultiplexer." IEEE Photonics Journal 3, no. 2 (April 2011): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2011.2112758.

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Gutiérrez-Martínez, Celso, Joel Santos-Aguilar, Misael Santiago-Bernal, Adolfo Morales-Díaz, José Alfredo Torres-Fórtiz, and Jacobo Meza-Pérez. "Reconfiguring the frequency response of dispersive-channel radio over fiber systems by using fiber photonic filters: Application to transmission of multiplexed microwave subcarriers." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 54, no. 8 (May 16, 2012): 1869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.26972.

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Van Gasse, K., L. Bogaert, L. Breyne, J. Van Kerrebrouck, S. Dhoore, C. Op de Beeck, A. Katumba, et al. "Analog Radio-Over-Fiber Transceivers Based on III–V-on-Silicon Photonics." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 30, no. 21 (November 1, 2018): 1818–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2018.2867930.

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Van Gasse, K., J. Verbist, H. Li, G. Torfs, J. Bauwelinck, and G. Roelkens. "Silicon Photonics Radio-Over-Fiber Transmitter Using GeSi EAMs for Frequency Up-Conversion." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 31, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2018.2889537.

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Kiohara Acyoli Bastos, Paulo Henrique, Felipe Streitenberger Ivo, and Olympio Lucchini Coutinho. "Microwave photonic radar warning receiver: airborne antenna over fiber optic." Revista Brasileira de Aplicações de Vácuo 39, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17563/rbav.v39i3.1183.

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Electronic warfare had great importance mainly in the Second World War. Radar was one of the greatest inventions in the area at that time, reinventing the way war was viewed until then. Nowadays, modern combat aircraft has sophisticated warfare systems. One of them is known as radar warning receiver (RWR), responsible for alerting pilots to possible radar detection and guiding the direction in which it is being radiated. Technological innovations allowed the interaction of the microwave and optoelectronics area, leading to an area known as microwave photonics (MWP). This article presents a photonic link to replace the copper cables used by RWR systems, applying photonic technology in order to improve performance and benefit from the intrinsic characteristics that optical fiber offers to the system, offering a totally passive remote system, in which only one phase modulator is connected to the RWR antenna. The results obtained for a totally photonic link by experiment were satisfactory. As expected, a gain above the unit was obtained. However, the observed noise figure was higher than expected, which ended up resulting in a lower signal noise ratio.

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Chen, Lawrence R., Maria-Iulia Comanici, Parisa Moslemi, Jingjing Hu, and Peter Kung. "A Review of Recent Results on Simultaneous Interrogation of Multiple Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Sensors Using Microwave Photonics." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020298.

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We review recent results on exploiting microwave photonics to enable simultaneous interrogation of multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors. In particular, we describe the use of (1) microwave photonic filtering and (2) chirped microwave pulse generation and compression as a means to map the wavelength (spectral) changes in the response of FBG-based sensors (specifically, an in-fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity sensor based on FBGs, FBG sensors directly, and a linearly chirped FBG sensor) to applied temperature (or strain) to the power of a radio-frequency signal (i.e., a wavelength-to-power mapping) or to the correlation peak of the compressed microwave signal. The approaches support high-resolution and high-speed interrogation and can be suitable for large scale sensing networks.

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Gonçalves, André Paim, Renan Miranda Richter, Felipe Streitenberger Ivo, Alessandro Roberto Santos, Robson Ribeiro Carreira, and Olympio Lucchini Coutinho. "Proposal of anti-radiation missile decoy assisted by microwave photonics." Revista Brasileira de Aplicações de Vácuo 39, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17563/rbav.v39i3.1178.

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This article has proposed the concept of a decoy that could be used against anti-radiation missiles (ARMs). The bait signals are generated remotely and transmitted to the sacrificial antenna site over a fiber-optic network. This network has the possibility to support broadband radar signals in the range of a few GHz. This study postulated a distance of 1 km in relation to its park of antennas, distance that may be greater. This analog fiber link was designed for radar signal transmission in the frequency range of 0.3 to 3 GHz. The theoretical results were compared with the experimental ones, and it was observed that the behavior of the radar signal power gained in the studied range is straight. Thus, the signal does not present distortions. The system proposed in this study is promising as a distraction for ARMs.

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Tong, Yeyu, Chi-Wai Chow, Guan-Hong Chen, Ching-Wei Peng, Chien-Hung Yeh, and Hon Ki Tsang. "Integrated Silicon Photonics Remote Radio Frontend (RRF) for Single-Sideband (SSB) Millimeter-Wave Radio-Over-Fiber (ROF) Systems." IEEE Photonics Journal 11, no. 2 (April 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2019.2898938.

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He, J., L. Chen, Z. Dong, S. Wen, and J. Yu. "Full-duplex radio-over-fiber system with photonics frequency quadruples for optical millimeter-wave generation." Optical Fiber Technology 15, no. 3 (June 2009): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2008.12.006.

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Chen, L., J. Lu, J. He, Z. Dong, and S. Wen. "A radio-over-fiber system with photonics generated OFDM signals by using directly modulated laser." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 51, no. 4 (April 2009): 971–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.24248.

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Jun Wang, Fei Zeng, and Jianping Yao. "All-optical microwave bandpass filters implemented in a radio-over-fiber link." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 17, no. 8 (August 2005): 1737–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2005.851956.

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Fei Zeng and Jianping Yao. "All-optical microwave mixing and bandpass filtering in a radio-over-fiber link." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 17, no. 4 (April 2005): 899–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2005.843960.

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GAO, YING, and SHIMING GAO. "PREMODULATION-FREE MICROWAVE FREQUENCY UP/DOWN-CONVERSION USING OPTICAL-FIBER-STIMULATED BRILLOUIN SCATTERING." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 04 (December 2009): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863509004956.

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An all-optical premodulation-free microwave frequency up/down-conversion method is presented based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers for bidirection radio-over-fiber systems. Through optical heterodyning between the modulated optical carrier and the Stokes light, the microwave signal of 1.5 GHz is up-converted to 9 and 12 GHz, and the microwave signal of 9 GHz is down-converted to 1.5 GHz. The unexpected microwaves are more than 7 dB suppressed by loading the signal to convert with the optical-carrier-suppressed modulation.

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Li, Jianqiang, Kun Xu, Hao Huang, Songnian Fu, Ming Tang, P. Shum, Jian Wu, and Jintong Lin. "Simultaneous Implementation of All-Optical Microwave Bandpass Filtering and Up-Conversion for Radio-Over-Fiber Applications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 26, no. 14 (July 2008): 2202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.919458.

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Le Guennec, Y., G. Maury, Jianping Yao, and B. Cabon. "New optical microwave up-conversion solution in radio-over-fiber networks for 60-GHz wireless applications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 24, no. 3 (March 2006): 1277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2005.863301.

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Liu, Yuping, Xiaoqiong Qi, and Liang Xie. "Dual-beam optically injected semiconductor laser for radio-over-fiber downlink transmission with tunable microwave subcarrier frequency." Optics Communications 292 (April 2013): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2012.11.008.

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Tanizawa, Ken, and Fumio Futami. "Quantum Noise-Assisted Coherent Radio-Over-Fiber Cipher System for Secure Optical Fronthaul and Microwave Wireless Links." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 16 (August 15, 2020): 4244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2020.2987213.

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Khair, Fauza, Fakhriy Hario P, I. Wayan Mustika, and Budi Setiyanto. "Performance Analysis of Digital Modulation for Coherent Detection of OFDM Scheme on Radio over Fiber System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i3.9656.

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Radio over fiber (RoF) system with the coherent detection offers high linearity for the transparent transport of high-frequency microwave signals, and better receiver sensitivity compared with intensity-modulated direct detection systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of digital modulation for coherent detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme on RoF system at 10 Gbps up to 100 km fiber length. The results show that coherent detection of OFDM-RoF system with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) has the value of bit error rate (BER) and the symbol error rate (SER) is very low and its constellation is better compared with other modulation formats (4-QAM, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-PSK and 16-PSK), which BER 16-QAM is 0.053 and SER is 15.7%. The results also show that BER value of 4-QAM and QPSK relatively similar to fiber length variations. In general, an increasing value of the BER and SER for each modulation format are almost equal to the fiber length of 60-70 km (Region I and II). However, there is a significant increase in the value of BER in fiber length of 80-100 km (Region III. A and III. B) for the modulation of 4-QAM, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK.

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Khair, Fauza, Fakhriy Hario P, I. Wayan Mustika, and Budi Setiyanto. "Performance Analysis of Digital Modulation for Coherent Detection of OFDM Scheme on Radio over Fiber System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i3.pp1086-1095.

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Radio over fiber (RoF) system with the coherent detection offers high linearity for the transparent transport of high-frequency microwave signals, and better receiver sensitivity compared with intensity-modulated direct detection systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of digital modulation for coherent detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme on RoF system at 10 Gbps up to 100 km fiber length. The results show that coherent detection of OFDM-RoF system with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) has the value of bit error rate (BER) and the symbol error rate (SER) is very low and its constellation is better compared with other modulation formats (4-QAM, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-PSK and 16-PSK), which BER 16-QAM is 0.053 and SER is 15.7%. The results also show that BER value of 4-QAM and QPSK relatively similar to fiber length variations. In general, an increasing value of the BER and SER for each modulation format are almost equal to the fiber length of 60-70 km (Region I and II). However, there is a significant increase in the value of BER in fiber length of 80-100 km (Region III. A and III. B) for the modulation of 4-QAM, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK.

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Xu, Hang, Bingjie Wang, Hong Han, Li Liu, Jingxia Li, Yuncai Wang, and Anbang Wang. "Remote Imaging Radar with Ultra-Wideband Chaotic Signals Over Fiber Links." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 25, no. 11 (October 2015): 1530029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127415300293.

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We experimentally demonstrate radar remote imaging using a radio technique based on ultra-wideband chaotic signals over fiber links. The radar system includes three parts, i.e. a central station, some optical fiber links and a base station. At the central station, an ultra-wideband chaotic signal is generated from an improved Colpitts oscillator and then is up-converted as a probe signal. The probe signal is then converted to be in optical domain by the external modulation technique on laser diode for transmitting over a fiber link to a remote base station. At the base station, the probe signal is converted to be in electrical domain and then launched by a microwave antenna. After being received by another antenna, the echo signal from a target is converted to be in optical domain and then transmitted over a fiber link back to the central station. By optical-to-electrical conversion and down conversion, the echo chaotic signal is recovered. Utilizing the correlation method and back projection algorithm, an image of the target in the two-dimensional space can be realized at the central station. Our experiments successfully performed remote imaging for both planar and spherical reflectors with a distance over 10 km. The down-range resolution of 6-cm and 8-cm cross-range resolution were obtained, respectively. We will show that the power spectrum of the probe signal is adjustable in the spectral mask according to the Federal Communications Commission standards, therefore can avoid interference to the existing narrowband radio signals.

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WIJAYANTO, YUSUF NUR, HIROSHI MURATA, and YASUYUKI OKAMURA. "ELECTRO-OPTIC MICROWAVE-LIGHTWAVE CONVERTERS UTILIZING PATCH ANTENNAS WITH ORTHOGONAL GAPS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 21, no. 01 (March 2012): 1250001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863512500014.

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We propose a new electro-optic microwave-lightwave converter using two orthogonal optical waveguides and patch antennas embedded with two orthogonal gaps. Wireless microwave signals can be received, separated and converted directly to lightwave signals through optical modulation using the proposed device. This device operates with no external power supply and with low microwave distortion. In addition, it enables us to measure the magnitude, phase and polarization of the wireless signal simultaneously. Experimental demonstrations of the device were presented at the operation frequency of 26 GHz. The device can be applied for electromagnetic compatibility test in the radio-over-fiber link.

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Deshours, Frédérique, Anne-Laure Billabert, Catherine Algani, Fabrice Blache, Christian Rumelhard, and Georges Alquié. "A 40 Gbps electro-absorption modulator integrated laser modeling method for optical transmitter in ultra-wide band radio-over-fiber systems." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 1, no. 6 (December 2009): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078709990791.

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The great interest of optical fiber links in communicating systems especially in ultra-wide band (UWB) communications has grown up in the last decade and requires co-simulation for mixed circuits design exploiting both optical and microwave domains. In this paper, we report an original modeling method of an electro-absorption modulator associated with a distributed-feedback laser to simulate an optical transmitter of an UWB over fiber system. Large signal optoelectronic device models can be developed and implemented in a high-frequency simulator, such as advanced design system-Ptolemy to analyze the performances of fiber radio links and study the impact of the transmitter characteristics. This specific simulation way, taking into account precisely electrical characteristics of both electrical and optical circuits, links two different frequency domains by coupling electrical and optical modules in the same system simulator. Therefore, a complete simulation of an UWB multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal transmission over fiber with an external modulator is investigated.

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Lee, Tae-Kyeong, Hong-Seung Kim, Guem-Yoon Oh, Doo-Gun Kim, and Young-Wan Choi. "Systematic Design and Realization of opto-electrical Predistortion Optical Transmitter based on Microwave Circuit Modeling for Radio-over-Fiber Systems." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 60, no. 4 (April 1, 2011): 823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2011.60.4.823.

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Lv, Min, Aiying Yang, Yong Hua, Shikui Shen, Jianmin Cui, and Yu-nan Sun. "Simultaneous modulation and transmission of 10-Gb/s baseband and 60-GHz microwave signals in a radio-over-fiber system." Optics Communications 283, no. 21 (November 2010): 4203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2010.06.080.

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Hardie, Marcus. "Review of Novel and Emerging Proximal Soil Moisture Sensors for Use in Agriculture." Sensors 20, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 6934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236934.

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The measurement of soil moisture in agriculture is currently dominated by a small number of sensors, the use of which is greatly limited by their small sampling volume, high cost, need for close soil–sensor contact, and poor performance in saline, vertic and stony soils. This review was undertaken to explore the plethora of novel and emerging soil moisture sensors, and evaluate their potential use in agriculture. The review found that improvements to existing techniques over the last two decades are limited, and largely restricted to frequency domain reflectometry approaches. However, a broad range of new, novel and emerging means of measuring soil moisture were identified including, actively heated fiber optics (AHFO), high capacity tensiometers, paired acoustic / radio / seismic transceiver approaches, microwave-based approaches, radio frequency identification (RFID), hydrogels and seismoelectric approaches. Excitement over this range of potential new technologies is however tempered by the observation that most of these technologies are at early stages of development, and that few of these techniques have been adequately evaluated in situ agricultural soils.

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Viana, Carlos, Zerihun Gedeb Tegegne, Jean-Luc Polleux, and Catherine Algani. "Flexible New Opto-Microwave Design Approach for Radio-Over-Fiber Applications: A Case Study of Low-Cost 60-GHz VCSEL-Based IF-RoF Link." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 66, no. 9 (September 2018): 4293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2018.2854192.

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Bakaul, Masuduzzaman, Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas, Christina Lim, Dalma Novak, and Rod Waterhouse. "Spectrally efficient hybrid multiplexing and demultiplexing schemes toward the integration of microwave and millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber systems in a WDM-PON infrastructure." Journal of Optical Networking 8, no. 5 (April 10, 2009): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jon.8.000462.

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Li, Guang. "A High Speed Radio on Fiber Based on Optical Double-Sidebands via Optical Filter and Optical Phase Modulation." Advanced Materials Research 988 (July 2014): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.988.636.

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We demonstrate a system scheme of generating and transmitting base-band and radio frequency signal based on optical double-sidebands scheme to generate optical millimeter-wave signal via optical phase modulation (OPM) and FBG. The system architecture with the source of laser at central station, the data re-modulation on downlink optical carrier gained from one base station is a good method to reduce the cost of uplink transmitter, for it does not needs the source of laser and wavelength administration at the base station. The optical phase modulator is inexpensive and mature. The downlink communicated bandwidth can be doubled to realize Ultra Width Band & Ultra High Frequency (UHF) communication via phase modulation and FBG at the base station. And the other signal which is reflected by FBG can be reused as uplink via amplitude modulation availably. The simulation results show that the bi-directional 2.5Gbit/s data and UHF microwave with 24GHz is successfully transmitted over 50km distance of a single-mode optical fiber with a optical dispersion of 20ps/(nm·km), an optical attenuation of 0.25dB/km and a light source power of 3dBm.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Radio over Fiber, Microwave Photonics'

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