Relevant bibliographies by topics / Radio resource management

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Radio resource management'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Radio resource management"

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Sallent, Oriol, Lorenza Giupponi, Jad Nasreddine, Ramon Agusti, and Jordi Perez-Romero. "Spectrum and radio resource management." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 3, no. 4 (December 2008): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2008.931527.

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Prasad, Athul, Anass Benjebbour, Omer Bulakci, Klaus I. Pedersen, Nuno K. Pratas, and Marco Mezzavilla. "Agile Radio Resource Management Techniques for 5G New Radio." IEEE Communications Magazine 55, no. 6 (2017): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2017.7945854.

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Han, C., and S. Armour. "Energy efficient radio resource management strategies for green radio." IET Communications 5, no. 18 (December 16, 2011): 2629–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2011.0113.

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Zorzi, M. "Mobility support and radio resource management." IEEE Wireless Communications 11, no. 5 (October 2004): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2004.1351674.

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Hills, A., and B. Friday. "Radio resource management in wireless LANs." IEEE Communications Magazine 42, no. 12 (December 2004): S9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1367553.

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Yanikomeroglu, Halim, Mohamed H. Ahmed, and Bassam Hashem. "Radio Resource Management for Wireless Internet." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 3, no. 7 (2003): 801–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcm.182.

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Salazar, Jos ́e, Ismael Gómez, and Antoni Gelonch. "Adaptive Resource Management and Flexible Radios for WiMAX." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 4 (June 26, 2023): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2009.4.996.

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The availability of dynamic resource management will be crucial for the deployment of future wireless systems characterized by high data rate services with rigid quality of service demands. Flexible radios appear as the technological answer required to achieve constraint goals under different channel conditions and transmission scenarios. This paper is focused on enhancing another step of flexibility within the resource management by including an efficient handling of computing resources. This concept towards flexible architectures represents a key word for a real successful implementation due to the relationship between the radio applications, which face the scarcity of resources within a heterogeneous environment, and the processing power needed to execute them.
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Ma, Lu, Xiangming Wen, Luhan Wang, Zhaoming Lu, Raymond Knopp, and Irfan Ghauri. "A Biological Model for Resource Allocation and User Dynamics in Virtualized HetNet." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (September 27, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1745904.

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Virtualization technology is considered an effective measure to enhance resource utilization and interference management via radio resource abstraction in heterogeneous networks (HetNet). The critical challenge in wireless virtualization is virtual resource allocation on which substantial works have been done. However, most existing researches on virtual resource allocation focus on improving total utility. Different from the existing works, we investigate the dynamic-aware virtual radio resource allocation in virtualization based HetNet considering utility and fairness. A virtual radio resource management framework is proposed, where the radio resources of different physical networks are virtualized into a virtual resource pool and mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) compete for virtual resources from the pool to provide service to users. A virtual radio resource allocation algorithm based on biological model is developed, considering system utility, fairness, and dynamics. Simulation results are provided to verify that the proposed virtual resource allocation algorithm not only converges within a few iterations, but also achieves a better trade-off between total utility and fairness than existing algorithm. Besides, it can also be utilized to analyze the population dynamics of system.
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Shyshatskyi, Andrii, Artur Melnyk, Oleksii Bondar, Oleksandr Petruk, Dmytro Chernyahivskiy, Mykola Kryvenko, Oleksandr Petrov, Serhii Kravchuk, Yuriy Shidlovsky, and Volodymyr Lukianets. "Justification of the methodological bases for the management of the radio resource of special purpose radio communication systems under conditions of prior uncertainty." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 2(57) (February 28, 2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.225017.

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The problem of substantiation of methodological bases of radio resource management of military radio communication systems in the conditions of a priori uncertainty is solved in the work. The object of research is the military radio communication system. One of the most problematic places in the management of military radio resources is the inability to carry out a hierarchical management of the parameters and modes of operation of both individual radios and the military radio system as a whole. This reduces the efficiency of the system itself and the efficiency of its application. The scientific problem is solved by substantiating the methodological principles of radio resource management of military radio communication systems in conditions of a priori uncertainty. During the research, the authors used the main provisions of the theory of queuing, the theory of automation, the theory of complex technical systems, as well as general scientific methods of cognition, namely analysis and synthesis. The novelty is that in the course of work: – the purpose of functioning of an operative management subsystem of a radio resource of military radio communication systems is formulated; – indicators and criteria of functioning efficiency of military radio communication systems are determined; – decomposition of the solution of this problem into problems depending on the signal and noise situation is carried out. An approach based on the hierarchical decomposition of the functional structure of networks, the behavior of which is described by stochastic differential (or difference) equations of the high dimension state, into a number of interconnected but simpler functional structures is used for the functional description of military radio communication systems. It will allow to make a decomposition of the state of the military radio system and increase the efficiency of decision-making on adjusting the modes of operation and parameters of the military radio system in real time. The research results should be used at the stage of operational management of parameters and modes of these systems operation.
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Andrii, Shyshatskyi, Melnyk Artur, Bondar Oleksii, Petruk Oleksandr, Chernyahivskiy Dmytro, Kryvenko Mykola, Petrov Oleksandr, Kravchuk Serhii, Shidlovsky Yuriy, and Lukianets Volodymyr. "Justification of the methodological bases for the management of the radio resource of special purpose radio communication systems under conditions of prior uncertainty." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 2(57) (February 28, 2021): 61–65. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.225017.

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<em>The problem of substantiation of methodological bases of radio resource management of military radio communication systems in the conditions of a priori uncertainty is solved in the work. The object of research is the military radio communication system. One of the most problematic places in the management of military radio resources is the inability to carry out a hierarchical management of the parameters and modes of operation of both individual radios and the military radio system as a whole. This reduces the efficiency of the system itself and the efficiency of its application.</em> <em>The scientific problem is solved by substantiating the methodological principles of radio resource management of military radio communication systems in conditions of a priori uncertainty. During the research, the authors used the main provisions of the theory of queuing, the theory of automation, the theory of complex technical systems, as well as general scientific methods of cognition, namely analysis and synthesis. The novelty is that in the course of work:</em> <em>&ndash;&nbsp;the purpose of functioning of an operative management subsystem of a radio resource of military radio communication systems is formulated;</em> <em>&ndash;&nbsp;indicators and criteria of functioning efficiency of military radio communication systems are determined;</em> <em>&ndash;&nbsp;decomposition of the solution of this problem into problems depending on the signal and noise situation is carried out.</em> <em>An approach based on the hierarchical decomposition of the functional structure of networks, the behavior of which is described by stochastic differential (or difference) equations of the high dimension state, into a number of interconnected but simpler functional structures is used for the functional description of military radio communication systems. It will allow to make a decomposition of the state of the military radio system and increase the efficiency of decision-making on adjusting the modes of operation and parameters of the military radio system in real time. The research results should be used at the stage of operational management of parameters and modes of these systems operation.</em>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radio resource management"

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Valente, Pedro Brigas. "WiFi radio resource management." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23484.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações<br>Passive optical networks have been subject of research in recent years, standing out from the other distribution networks not only by the speed and distribution of multiple services, including video, data and voice, but also by the absence of active equipment between the central and terminal devices, not requiring the use of electricity. Also the progress made in mobile and "smart" equipment led to the increase of its popularity and personal use. The increase of mobile devices, as well as their features, were boosted by the evolution of WiFi technologies, mostly fueled by passive optical networks, favoring the connection of several devices through radio waves. There has been several improvements in wireless communications, especially in WiFi technology, in order to keep up with the speed increase in optical distribution networks. However the limitations in the frequency spectrum and the vast implementation of the technology itself became an obstacle to the development of WiFi networks. The main goal of this dissertation is the development of processes dedicated to the frequency spectrum management in WiFi networks within environments congestedbymultipleradiosignaltransmitters. Thisworkisdevelopedaround a gateway under development by Altice Labs combining optical network terminal and access point features, and presents a solution to the equipment transmission power management and the frequency channel selection.<br>As redes ópticas passivas têm sido alvo de grande investigação nos últimos anosdestacando-sedasoutrasredesdedistribuiçãonãosópelavelocidadee distribuição de multiplos serviços, incluindo video, dados e voz, mas também pela ausência de equipamentos activos entre a central local e o equipamento terminal, não sendo necessário o uso de energia eléctrica. Também o avanço que se tem verificado no desenvolvimento de equipamentos móveis e "inteligentes" tem levado a sua popularidade e utilização a crescer de forma constante. Por sua vez, este aumento do número de dispositivos móveis, bem como das respectivas características, foi impulsionado pela evolução da tecnologia WiFi, em grande parte alimentada pelas redes ópticas passivas, facilitando a conexão de múltiplos dispositivos através de ondas de rádio. Têm sido várias as melhorias nas comunicações sem fios, especialmente na tecnologia WiFi, no sentido de acompanhar o aumento da velocidade das redes de distribuição ópticas. No entanto as limitações ao nível do espectro de frequência e a vasta implementação da própria tecnologia têm-se revelado obstáculos ao desenvolvimento das redes WiFi. Esta dissertação tem como objectivo o desenvolvimento de soluções para a gestão do espectro de frequência das rede WiFi em ambientes congestionados pela presença de múltiplos transmissores de sinal rádio. Este trabalho é desenvolvido sob um gateway em desenvolvimento pela Altice Labs que combina as funcionalidades de um terminal de redes ópticas e de um access point, e apresenta uma solução para a gestão da potência de transmissão do equipamento e para a escolha do canal de frequência a utilizar.
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Pirmoradian, Mahdi. "Radio resource management for cognitive radio networks." Thesis, Kingston University, 2012. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/23723/.

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Cognitive radio concept is a promising technology to cope with the spectrum scarcity issue in the emerging wireless technology. Practical cognitive radio as an intelligent radio is on the horizon, in which the system is able to observe radio environment, understanding its situation, and adapt its transceiver parameters without disruption to the licensed service. The main given functionality of the cognitive radio is dynamic spectrum management using underlay or overlay spectrum-sharing mechanisms. This thesis studies several objectives in cognitive radio networks namely; cumulative interference in multi-user overlay networks, effective capacity optimisation in time varying imperfect fading channels, and diverse spectrum decision schemes (i.e. Maximum Entropy Channel Access, MECA, and Adaptive Spectrum Opportunity Access, ASOA, schemes) in overlay networks. Also Green Cognitive Radio concept is introduced for enhancing energy efficiency in overlay networks. The cumulative interference at a cell-edge active primary receiver is estimated based on the two scenarios, the broadcast of receiver beacon signal and the broadcast of licensed transmitter beacon signal. In the proposed system topology, the cognitive users are distributed within and outside of the licensed coverage area with constant density. The results indicate that cumulative interference significantly gets low level through the broadcast of receiver beacon signal scenario in comparison with the licensed transmitter scenario. Additionally, optimising effective capacity of a secondary user subject to the interference constraint and transmission power constraint factors, in imperfect fading channels is studied. In this case, cross channel state information is a key factor in adapting transmission power and channel capacity accordingly. The numerical results show that effective capacity is influenced upon increasing cross channel error (secondary transmitter-primary receiver link), and QoS delay items. Moreover, the study is completed by proposing power control policy upon minimising interference level at the licensed receiver subject to the desired effective capacity level and transmission power constraint. Hence, performance of the proposed spectrum decision schemes (MECA, ASOA) is examined and explained by comparison with Random Channel Access (RCA), Minimum Channel Rate (MCR), and First Opportunity Channel Access (FOCA) schemes in the period of simulation time. MECA scheme uses weighted entropy function to assess usefulness of the remaining available idle channels, and so selects appropriate spectrum opportunity for secondary data delivery. The performance reveals that MECA and ASOA can potentially be considered as viable approaches in spectrum selection schemes. Additionally, in the case of GCR aspect an opportunistic power control policy using the remaining idle channel lifetime is proposed to mitigate interference power at the primary receiver. Overall, we develop and propose a unique technique in decreasing total interference in overlay networks; effective capacity optimisation in underlay networks, feasible spectrum selection schemes, and also green cognitive radio concept in the field of dynamic spectrum access networks.
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Shabbir, Noman, and Hasnain Kasif. "Radio Resource Management in WiMAX." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för signalbehandling, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1227.

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Today, different types of cellular networks are actively working on the radio links. For instance, the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) is being used in nearly two hundred countries and currently it has around two and half billion users all over the world. Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is currently deployed in many countries and it is providing increased data rates, coverage and mobility as compared to GSM. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) are very famous when we have a small area and none real time services. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a new technology and it is in deployment phase. In all these cellular technologies, we have very limited recourses and we have to make best use of them by proper management. Radio Resource Management (RRM) is a control mechanism for the overall system which is being used to manage radio resources in the air interface inside a cellular network. The main objective is to utilize the available spectral resources as efficiently as possible. Our aim is to use them in the best possible way to maximize the performance and spectral efficiency in such a way that we have maximum number of users in our network and Quality of Service (QoS) is up to the mark. In a cellular communication system, a service area or a geographical region is divided into a number of cells and each cell is served by an infrastructure element called the base station which works through a radio interface. The frequency license fees, real estate, distribution network and maintenance are the issues which dominates the cost for deploying a cellular network. Management of radio related resources is a critical design component in cellular communications. In RRM, we control parameters like Radio Frequency (RF) planning, link budgeting, modulation schemes, channel access schemes etc. RF planning includes cell planning, coverage of the network and capacity of the network. Our main focus in this thesis will be on cell planning and link budgeting and we will discuss them in context of a WiMAX network.
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Knutsson, Björn. "Simulation of radio resource management for UMTS." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2364.

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<p>A current trend in the information society is that traditionally fixed computing resources are made available to mobile users. Most of the existing techniques for communication have been developed for stationary computing, and they must be adapted to the different connection properties of the mobile environment. One of the emerging mobile computing environments is the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, UMTS. This system places demands on the quality of service that is provided to data flows, which requires resource management in the connection network. The most scarce resources in this system is the radio resources. The easiest way to conduct research in new and adapted techniques for communication is to perform simulations. Management of resources places restrictions on connections, and to get reliable results during simulations it must be included in the simulated environment. The thesis discusses and builds a basis for development of UMTS radio resource management in the network simulator ns-2. A limited version of UMTS radio resource management is added to ns-2 and evaluated.</p>
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Ellingsæter, Brage Høyland. "Cognitive Radio: Interference Management and Resource Allocation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11295.

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In this thesis the performance of different cognitive systems are analyzed in different environments and scenarios. The main scenarios are: one cognitive and one primary user, multiple cognitive users and channels and multiple cognitive and primary users. With primary users in the vicinity, cognitive systems are evaluated both when no degradation to primary user QoS is allowed and when some degradation is allowed, measured by an outage probability. In all scenarios involving one or more primary users, the performance is evaluated over two phases. In Phase 1 the channel is idle, i.e. the primary users are silent, and in Phase 2 the primary users are active on the channel. One of the questions in this thesis is how can cognitive users transmit simultaneously with the primary user in Phase 2. Schemes that show that this is possible is presented and evaluated and performance is compared to a standard cognitive system only transmitting when the channel is idle.In scenarios with multiple cognitive users and channels, power allocation schemes are reviewed. A novel power allocation algorithm presented in cite{burr}, called modified water filling in this thesis, is implemented and referenced against other well-known power allocation schemes.All implementation and simulations were done in MATLAB. It was assumed infinite processing power at all cognitive users, i.e. no processing delay, and perfect spectral sensing at all cognitive users. The results showed that the performance gain of cognitive system utilizing simultaneous transmission achieves only a slight performance gain over a standard cognitive system, when no degradation to primary user QoS is allowed. However, by allowing only a slight degradation in primary user QoS, the gain is significant and should be included in future work on cognitive radio as it shows a promising way to exploit spectra.
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Piao, Guihua. "Radio resource management for integrated services in multi-radio access networks." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/dbupress/publik/abstract.php?978-3-89958-269-7.

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Piao, Guihua. "Radio resource management for integrated services in multi-radio access networks." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986595012/34.

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Shatila, Hazem Sarwat. "Adaptive Radio Resource Management in Cognitive Radio Communications using Fuzzy Reasoning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26618.

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As wireless technologies evolve, novel innovations and concepts are required to dynamically and automatically alter various radio parameters in accordance with the radio environment. These innovations open the door for cognitive radio (CR), a new concept in telecommunications. CR makes its decisions using an inference engine, which can learn and adapt to changes in radio conditions. Fuzzy logic (FL) is the proposed decision-making algorithm for controlling the CRâ s inference engine. Fuzzy logic is well-suited for vague environments in which incomplete and heterogeneous information is present. In our proposed approach, FL is used to alter various radio parameters according to experience gained from different environmental conditions. FL requires a set of decision-making rules, which can vary according to radio conditions, but anomalies rise among these rules, causing degradation in the CRâ s performance. In such cases, the CR requires a method for eliminating such anomalies. In our model, we used a method based on the Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory of belief to accomplish this task. Through extensive simulation results and vast case studies, the use of the DS theory indeed improved the CRâ s decision-making capability. Using FL and the DS theory of belief is considered a vital module in the automation of various radio parameters for coping with the dynamic wireless environment. To demonstrate the FL inference engine, we propose a CR version of WiMAX, which we call CogMAX, to control different radio resources. Some of the physical parameters that can be altered for better results and performance are the physical layer parameters such as channel estimation technique, the number of subcarriers used for channel estimation, the modulation technique, and the code rate.<br>Ph. D.
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Gómez, Ismael. "Radio and computing resource management in SDR clouds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134882.

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The aim of this thesis is defining and developing the concept of an efficient management of radio and computing resources in an SDR cloud. The SDR cloud breaks with today's cellular architecture. A set of distributed antennas are connected by optical fibre to data processing centres. The radio and computing infrastructure can be shared between different operators (virtualization), reducing costs and risks, while increasing the capacity and creating new business models and opportunities. The data centre centralizes the management of all system resources: antennas, spectrum, computing, routing, etc. Specially relevant is the computing resource management (CRM), whose objective is dynamically providing sufficient computing resources for a real-time execution of signal processing algorithms. Current CRM techniques are not designed for wireless applications. We demonstrate that this imposes a limit on the wireless traffic a CRM entity is capable to support. Based on this, a distributed management is proposed, where multiple CRM entities manage a cluster of processors, whose optimal size is derived from the traffic density. Radio resource management techniques (RRM) also need to be adapted to the characteristics of the new SDR cloud architecture. We introduce a linear cost model to measure the cost associated to the infrastructure resources consumed according to the pay-per-use model. Based on this model, we formulate the efficiency maximization power allocation problem (EMPA). The operational costs per transmitted bit achieved by EMPA are 6 times lower than with traditional power allocation methods. Analytical solutions are obtained for the single channel case, with and without channel state information at the transmitter. It is shown that the optimal transmission rate is an increasing function of the product of the channel gain with the operational costs divided by the power costs. The EMPA solution for multiple channels has the form of water-filling, present in many power allocation problems. In order to be able to obtain insights about how the optimal solution behaves as a function of the problem parameters, a novel technique based on ordered statistics has been developed. This technique allows solving general water-filling problems based on the channel statistics rather than their realization. This approach has allowed designing a low complexity EMPA algorithm (2 to 4 orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art algorithms). Using the ordered statistics technique, we have shown that the optimal transmission rate behaviour with respect to the average channel gains and cost parameters is equivalent to the single channel case and that the efficiency increases with the number of available channels. The results can be applied to design more efficient SDR clouds. As an example, we have derived the optimal ratio of number of antennas per user that maximizes the efficiency. As new users enter and leave the network, this ratio should be kept constant, enabling and disabling antennas dynamically. This approach exploits the dynamism and elasticity provided by the SDR cloud. In summary, this dissertation aims at influencing towards a change in the communications system management model (typically RRM), considering the introduction of the new infrastructure model (SDR cloud), new business models (based on Cloud Computing) and a more conciliatory view of an efficient resource management, not only focused on the optimization of the spectrum usage.<br>El objetivo de esta tesis es de nir y desarrollar el concepto de gesti on e ciente de los recursos de radio y computaci on en un SDR cloud. El SDR cloud rompe con la estructura del sistema celular actual. Un conjunto de antenas distribuidas se conectan a centros de procesamiento mediante enlaces de comunicaci on de bra optica. La infraestructura de radio y procesamiento puede ser compartida entre distintos operadores (virtualizacion), disminuyendo costes y riesgos, aumentando la capacidad y abriendo nuevos modelos y oportunidades de negocio. La centralizaci on de la gesti on del sistema viene soportada por el centro de procesamiento, donde se realiza una gesti on de todos los recursos del sistema: antenas, espectro, computaci on, enrutado, etc. Resulta de especial relevancia la gesti on de los recursos de computaci on (CRM) cuyo objetivo es el de proveer, din amicamente, de su cientes recursos de computaci on para la ejecuci on en tiempo real de algoritmos de procesado del señal. Las t ecnicas actuales de CRM no han sido diseñadas para aplicaciones de comunicaciones. Demostramos que esta caracter stica impone un l ímite en el tr áfi co que un gestor CRM puede soportar. En base a ello, proponemos una gesti on distribuida donde m ultiples entidades CRM gestionan grupos de procesadores, cuyo tamaño optimo se deriva de la densidad de tr áfi co. Las t ecnicas actuales de gesti on de recursos radio (RRM) tambi en deben ser adaptadas a las caracter sticas de la nueva arquitectura SDR cloud. Introducimos un modelo de coste lineal que caracteriza los costes asociados al consumo de recursos de la infraestructura seg un el modelo de pago-por-uso. A partir de este modelo, formulamos el problema de asignaci on de potencia de m axima e ciencia (EMPA). Mediante una asignaci on EMPA, los costes de operaci on por bit transmitido son del orden de 6 veces menores que con los m etodos tradicionales. Se han obtenido soluciones anal ticas para el caso de un solo canal, con y sin informacion del canal disponible en el transmisor, y se ha demostrado que la velocidad optima de transmisi on es una funci on creciente del producto de la ganancia del canal por los costes operativos dividido entre los costes de potencia. La soluci on EMPA para varios canales satisface el modelo "water- lling", presente en muchos tipos de optimizaci on de potencia. Con el objetivo de conocer c omo esta se comporta en funci on de los par ametros del sistema, se ha desarrollado una t ecnica nueva basada en estadí sticas ordenadas. Esta t ecnica permite solucionar el problema del water- lling bas andose en la estadí stica del canal en vez de en su realizaci on. Este planteamiento, despu es de profundos an alisis matem aticos, ha permitido desarrollar un algoritmo de asignaci on de potencia de baja complejidad (2 a 4 ordenes de magnitud m as r apido que el estado del arte). Mediante esta t ecnica, se ha demostrado que la velocidad optima de transmisi on se comporta de forma equivalente al caso de un solo canal y que la e ciencia incrementa a medida que aumentan el numero de canales disponibles. Estos resultados pueden aplicarse a diseñar un SDR cloud de forma m as e ciente. A modo de ejemplo, hemos obtenido el ratio optimo de n umero de antenas por usuario que maximiza la e ciencia. A medida que los usuarios entran y salen de la red, este ratio debe mantenerse constante, a fin de mantener una efi ciencia lo m as alta posible, activando o desactivando antenas din amicamente. De esta forma se explota completamente el dinamismo ofrecido por una arquitectura el astica como el SDR cloud. En de nitiva, este trabajo pretende incidir en un cambio del modelo de gesti on de un sistema de comunicaciones (t ípicamente RRM) habida cuenta de la introducci on de una nueva infraestructura (SDR cloud), nuevos modelos de negocio (basados en Cloud Computing) y una visi on m as integradora de la gesti on e ciente de los recursos del sistema, no solo centrada en la optimizaci on del uso del espectro.
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Shaat, Musbah M. R. "Resource Management in Multicarrier Based Cognitive Radio Systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/81300.

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The ever-increasing growth of the wireless application and services affirms the importance of the effective usage of the limited radio spectrum. Existing spectrum management policies have led to significant spectrum under-utilization. Recent measurements showed that large range of the spectrum is sparsely used in both temporal and spatial manner. This conflict between the inefficient usage of the spectrum and the continuous evolution in the wireless communication calls upon the development of more flexible management policies. Cognitive radio (CR) with the dynamic spectrum access (DSA) is considered to be a key technology in making the best solution of this conflict by allowing a group of secondary users (SUs) to share the radio spectrum originally allocated to the primary user (PUs). The operation of CR should not negatively alter the performance of the PUs. Therefore, the interference control along with the highly dynamic nature of PUs activities open up new resource allocation problems in CR systems. The resource allocation algorithms should ensure an effective share of the temporarily available frequency bands and deliver the solutions in timely fashion to cope with quick changes in the network. In this dissertation, the resource management problem in multicarrier based CR systems is considered. The dissertation focuses on three main issues: 1) design of efficient resource allocation algorithms to allocate subcarriers and powers between SUs such that no harmful interference is introduced to PUs, 2) compare the spectral efficiency of using different multicarrier schemes in the CR physical layer, specifically, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) schemes, 3) investigate the impact of the different constraints values on the overall performance of the CR system. Three different scenarios are considered in this dissertation, namely downlink transmission, uplink transmission, and relayed transmission. For every scenario, the optimal solution is examined and efficient sub-optimal algorithms are proposed to reduce the computational burden of obtaining the optimal solution. The suboptimal algorithms are developed by separate the subcarrier and power allocation into two steps in downlink and uplink scenarios. In the relayed scenario, dual decomposition technique is used to obtain an asymptotically optimal solution, and a joint heuristic algorithm is proposed to find the suboptimal solution. Numerical simulations show that the proposed suboptimal algorithms achieve a near optimal performance and perform better than the existing algorithms designed for cognitive and non-cognitive systems. Eventually, the ability of FBMC to overcome the OFDM drawbacks and achieve more spectral efficiency is verified which recommends the consideration of FBMC in the future CR systems.<br>El crecimiento continuo de las aplicaciones y servicios en sistemas inal´ambricos, indica la importancia y necesidad de una utilizaci´on eficaz del espectro radio. Las pol´ıticas actuales de gesti´on del espectro han conducido a una infrautilizaci´on del propio espectro radioel´ectrico. Recientes mediciones en diferentes entornos han mostrado que gran parte del espectro queda poco utilizado en sus ambas vertientes, la temporal, y la espacial. El permanente conflicto entre el uso ineficiente del espectro y la evoluci´on continua de los sistemas de comunicaci´on inal´ambrica, hace que sea urgente y necesario el desarrollo de esquemas de gesti´on del espectro m´as flexibles. Se considera el acceso din´amico (DSA) al espectro en los sistemas cognitivos como una tecnolog´ıa clave para resolver este conflicto al permitir que un grupo de usuarios secundarios (SUs) puedan compartir y acceder al espectro asignado inicialmente a uno o varios usuarios primarios (PUs). Las operaciones de comunicaci´on llevadas a cabo por los sistemas radio cognitivos no deben en ning´un caso alterar (interferir) los sistemas primarios. Por tanto, el control de la interferencia junto al gran dinamismo de los sistemas primarios implica nuevos retos en el control y asignaci´on de los recursos radio en los sistemas de comunicaci´on CR. Los algoritmos de gesti´on y asignaci´on de recursos (Radio Resource Management-RRM) deben garantizar una participaci´on efectiva de las bandas con frecuencias disponibles temporalmente, y ofrecer en cada momento oportunas soluciones para hacer frente a los distintos cambios r´apidos que influyen en la misma red. En esta tesis doctoral, se analiza el problema de la gesti´on de los recursos radio en sistemas multiportadoras CR, proponiendo varias soluciones para su uso eficaz y coexistencia con los PUs. La tesis en s´ı, se centra en tres l´ıneas principales: 1) el dise˜no de algoritmos eficientes de gesti´on de recursos para la asignaci´on de sub-portadoras y distribuci´on de la potencia en sistemas segundarios, evitando asi cualquier interferencia que pueda ser perjudicial para el funcionamiento normal de los usuarios de la red primaria, 2) analizar y comparar la eficiencia espectral alcanzada a la hora de utilizar diferentes esquema de transmisi´on multiportadora en la capa f´ısica del sistema CR, espec´ıficamente en sistemas basados en OFDM y los basados en banco de filtros multiportadoras (Filter bank Multicarrier-FBMC), 3) investigar el impacto de las diferentes limitaciones en el rendimiento total del sistema de CR. Los escenarios considerados en esta tesis son tres, es decir; modo de transmisi´on descendente (downlink), modo de transmisi´on ascendente (uplink), y el modo de transmisi´on ”Relay”. En cada escenario, la soluci´on ´optima es examinada y comparada con algoritmos sub- ´optimos que tienen como objetivo principal reducir la carga computacional. Los algoritmos sub-´optimos son llevados a cabo en dos fases mediante la separaci´on del propio proceso de distribuci´on de subportadoras y la asignaci´on de la potencia en los modos de comunicaci´on descendente (downlink), y ascendente (uplink). Para los entornos de tipo ”Relay”, se ha utilizado la t´ecnica de doble descomposici´on (dual decomposition) para obtener una soluci´on asint´oticamente ´optima. Adem´as, se ha desarrollado un algoritmo heur´ıstico para poder obtener la soluci´on ´optima con un reducido coste computacional. Los resultados obtenidos mediante simulaciones num´ericas muestran que los algoritmos sub-´optimos desarrollados logran acercarse a la soluci´on ´optima en cada uno de los entornos analizados, logrando as´ı un mayor rendimiento que los ya existentes y utilizados tanto en entornos cognitivos como no-cognitivos. Se puede comprobar en varios resultados obtenidos en la tesis la superioridad del esquema multiportadora FBMC sobre los sistemas basados en OFDM para los entornos cognitivos, causando una menor interferencia que el OFDM en los sistemas primarios, y logrando una mayor eficiencia espectral. Finalmente, en base a lo analizado en esta tesis, podemos recomendar al esquema multiportadora FBMC como una id´onea y potente forma de comunicaci´on para las futuras redes cognitivas.
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Books on the topic "Radio resource management"

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Perez-Romero, Jordi. Radio Resource Management Strategies in UMTS. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005.

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Pérez-Romero, Jordi, Oriol Sallent, Ramon Agustí, and Miguel Angel Díaz-Guerra. Radio Resource Management Strategies in UMTS. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470022795.

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Tripathi, Nishith D., Jeffrey H. Reed, and Hugh F. VanLandingham. Radio Resource Management in Cellular Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b117444.

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Tripathi, Nishith D. Radio resource management in cellular systems. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Hugh, Reed Jeffrey, and Van Landingham, Hugh F., 1935-, eds. Radio resource management in cellular systems. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Jordi, Pérez-Romero, ed. Radio resource management strategies in UMTS. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Hoboken, N.J., 2005.

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He, Peter, Lian Zhao, Sheng Zhou, and Zhisheng Niu. Radio Resource Management Using Geometric Water-Filling. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04636-5.

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Jean-Marc, Chaduc, and Pogorel Gerard, eds. The radio spectrum: Managing a strategic resource. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2008.

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Hossain, Ekram, Long Bao Le, and Dusit Niyato. Radio Resource Management in Multi-Tier Cellular Wireless Networks. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118749821.

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Chen, Huan, Lei Huang, Sunil Kumar, and C. C. Jay Kuo. Radio Resource Management for Multimedia QoS Support in Wireless Networks. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0469-6.

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Book chapters on the topic "Radio resource management"

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Kruys, Jan, and Luke Qian. "Radio Resource Management." In Sharing RF Spectrum with Commodity Wireless Technologies, 199–216. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1585-1_10.

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Kazmi, Muhammad. "Radio Resource Management." In LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution, 503–30. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470978504.ch22.

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Stüber, Gordon L. "Radio Resource Management." In Principles of Mobile Communication, 593–641. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55615-4_13.

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Holma, Harri, Troels Kolding, Klaus Pedersen, and Jeroen Wigard. "Radio resource management." In HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS, 95–121. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470032634.ch6.

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Monserrat, Jose F., Gunther Auer, David Martin-Sacristan, and Pawel Sroka. "Radio Resource Management." In Mobile and Wireless Communications for IMT-Advanced and Beyond, 11–41. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119976431.ch2.

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Holma, Harri, Troels Kolding, Daniela Laselva, Klaus Pedersen, Claudio Rosa, and Ingo Viering. "Radio Resource Management." In LTE for UMTS, 203–35. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119992943.ch8.

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Holma, Harri, Klaus Pedersen, Jussi Reunanen, Janne Laakso, and Oscar Salonaho. "Radio Resource Management." In WCDMA for UMTS, 231–68. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470870982.ch9.

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Stüber, Gordon L. "Radio Resource Management." In Principles of Mobile Communication, 705–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0364-7_13.

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Holma, Harri, Klaus Pedersen, Jussi Reunanen, Janne Laakso, and Oscar Salonaho. "Radio Resource Management." In WCDMA for UMTS, 219–53. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669501.ch9.

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Song, Lingyang, Zhu Han, and Chen Xu. "Radio Resource Management." In Resource Management for Device-to-Device Underlay Communication, 33–50. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8193-5_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Radio resource management"

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S, Revathy, Intekhab Alam Maharishi, Deepak Minhas, Jogeswar Tripathy, Ishika Soni, and Vinay Kumar S B. "Radio Resource Management for Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Network." In 2025 International Conference on Automation and Computation (AUTOCOM), 706–11. IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/autocom64127.2025.10957118.

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Zhang, Yunchuan, Sangwoo Park, and Osvaldo Simeone. "Transferable Multi-Fidelity Bayesian Optimization for Radio Resource Management." In 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), 176–80. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spawc60668.2024.10694025.

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Yang, Kun, Jing Yang, and Cong Shen. "Average Reward Reinforcement Learning for Wireless Radio Resource Management." In 2024 58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, 1188–93. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf60004.2024.10942648.

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Balasuriya, Nuwan, Amine Mezghani, and Ekram Hossain. "Radio Resource Management in Downlink Multi-band mMIMO Systems." In 2024 IEEE 10th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 376–81. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot62078.2024.10811261.

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Galdino, Caio P., Rodrigo S. Couto, Dianne S. V. De Medeiros, Igor M. Moraes, and Diogo M. F. Mattos. "Reinforcement Learning for Radio Resource Management in O-RAN." In 2024 IEEE 13th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet), 1–9. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet62863.2024.10815702.

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Butts, Norm. "MUOS radio resource management algorithms." In MILCOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2008.4753475.

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Kim, Dongsoo S., and Jamel Othman. "Session details: Radio resource management." In ICUIMC '12: The 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3248152.

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Shin, Jitae. "Session details: Radio resource management." In ICUIMC '11: The 5th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3244667.

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Khawam, Kinda, Johanne Cohen, Dana Marinca, and Samir Tohme. "Elastic Game Based Radio Resource Management." In 2012 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2012-Spring). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240037.

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Soret, B., M. Gatnau Sarret, I. Z. Kovacs, F. J. Martin-Vega, G. Berardinelli, and N. H. Mahmood. "Radio Resource Management for V2V Discovery." In 2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2017.8108538.

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Reports on the topic "Radio resource management"

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Shiang, Hsien-Po, and Mihaela van der Schaar. Distributed Resource Management in Multi-hop Cognitive Radio Networks for Delay Sensitive Transmission. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada481600.

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Macpherson, Hannah. Arts Interventions for Sustainable Sanitation and Resource Recovery. Institute of Development Studies, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2023.013.

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Many countries in the global South declare regions to be open defecation free (ODF), but they must still address significant sanitation, wastewater, and faecal sludge management challenges. Climate uncertainty, water shortages, and weak infrastructure mean that ‘flush and forget’ systems are not always possible or desirable. This briefing describes how art interventions can help people reimagine alternative sanitation futures. Drawing on research in Nepal, it describes how activities such as dance workshops, humanure planting, song competitions, and radio jingles can generate new knowledge about sanitation challenges and faecal sludge re-use, showing that ‘brown’ can be ‘gold’!
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Peterson, Brian, J. Beeco, Davyd Betchkal, Bijan Gurung, J. Hutchinson, J. Beeco, Davyd Betchkal, Bijan Gurung, J. Hutchinson, and Brian Peterson. Exploring spatial patterns of overflights at Denali National Park and Preserve. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2307459.

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This study explored spatial patterns of overflights at Denali National Park and Preserve. Data were collected at Old Town Cantwell, Healy Radio Repeater, and K?esugi Ken Ranger Station. In total, overflights were analyzed from September 18th, 2021 to October 6th, 2022 (384 total days; 56 days of missing data) and May 25th, 2023 to September 13th, 2023 (112 total days; 0 days of missing data) using Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data. Phase 1 of the analysis focused on all overflights and revealed the transportation network of overflights above DENA. Phase 2 of analysis focused on low-level overflights that fly at or below 21,000 feet above mean sea level (MSL) and flew within 10 miles of the DENA boundary and found that the majority of waypoints were below 12,000 feet MSL. Phase 3 of analysis removed all overflights that were government flights, major airlines, and survey flights. The remaining flights were low-level overflights predominantly air tours. Kernel density analysis was conducted using waypoints segmented into 500 feet above ground level (AGL) altitude intervals. The altitude interval with the highest density of overflights was ?0?500 feet AGL?. This information can be used for planning and management purposes and this study serves as a resource for future research that intends to use more advanced analytics.
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Desiderati, Christopher. Carli Creek Regional Water Quality Project: Assessing Water Quality Improvement at an Urban Stormwater Constructed Wetland. Portland State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.78.

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Stormwater management is an ongoing challenge in the United States and the world at-large. As state and municipal agencies grapple with conflicting interests like encouraging land development, complying with permits to control stormwater discharges, “urban stream syndrome” effects, and charges to steward natural resources for the long-term, some agencies may turn to constructed wetlands (CWs) as aesthetically pleasing and functional natural analogs for attenuating pollution delivered by stormwater runoff to rivers and streams. Constructed wetlands retain pollutants via common physical, physicochemical, and biological principles such as settling, adsorption, or plant and algae uptake. The efficacy of constructed wetlands for pollutant attenuation varies depending on many factors such as flow rate, pollutant loading, maintenance practices, and design features. In 2018, the culmination of efforts by Clackamas Water Environment Services and others led to the opening of the Carli Creek Water Quality Project, a 15-acre constructed wetland adjacent to Carli Creek, a small, 3500-ft tributary of the Clackamas River in Clackamas County, OR. The combined creek and constructed wetland drain an industrialized, 438-acre, impervious catchment. The wetland consists of a linear series of a detention pond and three bioretention treatment cells, contributing a combined 1.8 acres of treatment area (a 1:243 ratio with the catchment) and 3.3 acre-feet of total runoff storage. In this study, raw pollutant concentrations in runoff were evaluated against International Stormwater BMP database benchmarks and Oregon Water Quality Criteria. Concentration and mass-based reductions were calculated for 10 specific pollutants and compared to daily precipitation totals from a nearby precipitation station. Mass-based reductions were generally higher for all pollutants, largely due to runoff volume reduction on the treatment terrace. Concentration-based reductions were highly variable, and suggested export of certain pollutants (e.g., ammonia), even when reporting on a mass-basis. Mass load reductions on the terrace for total dissolved solids, nitrate+nitrite, dissolved lead, and dissolved copper were 43.3 ± 10%, 41.9 ± 10%, 36.6 ± 13%, and 43.2 ± 16%, respectively. E. coli saw log-reductions ranging from -1.3 — 3.0 on the terrace, and -1.0 — 1.8 in the creek. Oregon Water Quality Criteria were consistently met at the two in-stream sites on Carli Creek for E. coli with one exception, and for dissolved cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper (with one exception for copper). However, dissolved total solids at the downstream Carli Creek site was above the Willamette River guidance value 100 mg/L roughly 71% of the time. The precipitation record during the study was useful for explaining certain pollutant reductions, as several mechanisms are driven by physical processes, however it was not definitive. The historic rain/snow/ice event in mid-February 2021 appeared to impact mass-based reductions for all metals. Qualitatively, precipitation seemed to have the largest effect on nutrient dynamics, specifically ammonia-nitrogen. Determining exact mechanisms of pollutant removals was outside the scope of this study. An improved flow record, more targeted storm sampling, or more comprehensive nutrient profiles could aid in answering important questions on dominant mechanisms of this new constructed wetland. This study is useful in establishing a framework and baseline for understanding this one-of-a-kind regional stormwater treatment project and pursuing further questions in the future.
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Blumwald, Eduardo, and Avi Sadka. Sugar and Acid Homeostasis in Citrus Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697109.bard.

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Citrus fruit quality standards have been determined empirically, depending on species and on the particular growing regions. In general, the TSS (total soluble solids) to total acidity (TA) ratio determines whether citrus fruit can be marketed. Soluble sugars account for most of the TSS during harvest while TA is determined almost solely by the citric acid content, which reaches levels of 1-5% by weight in many cultivated varieties. Acid and sugar homeostasis in the fruit is critical for the management of existing cultivars, the development of new cultivars, the improvement of pre- and post-harvest strategies and the control of fruit quality and disorders. The current proposal (a continuation of a previous proposal) aimed at: (1) completing the citrus fruit proteome and metabolome, and establish a citrus fruit functional database, (2) further characterization of the control of fruit acidity by studying the regulation of key steps affecting citrate metabolism, and determine the fate of citrate during acid decline stage, and (3) Studying acid and sugar homeostasis in citrus fruits by characterizing transport mechanisms across membranes. These aims were completed as the following: (1) Our initial efforts were aimed at the characterization and identification of citric acid transporters in citrus juice cells. The identification of citrate transporters at the vacuole of the citrus juice cell indicated that the steady-state citrate cytosolic concentration and the action of the cytosolic aconitase were key elements in establishing the pH homeostat in the cell that regulates the metabolic shift towards carbon usage in the fruit during the later stages of fruit development. We focused on the action of aconitase, the enzyme mediating the metabolic use of citric acid in the cells, and identified processes that control carbon fluxes in developing citrus fruits that control the fruit acid load; (2) The regulation of aconitase, catalyzing a key step in citrate metabolism, was further characterized by using two inhibitors, citramalte and oxalomalte. These compounds significantly increased citrate content and reduced the enzyme’s activity. Metabolite profiling and changes of amino-acid metabolizing enzymes in oxalomalate- treated cells suggested that the increase in citrate, caused by aconitase inhibition, induces amino acid synthesis and the GABA shunt, in accordance with the suggested fate of citrate during the acid decline stage in citrus fruit. (3) We have placed a considerable amount of time on the development of a citrus fruit proteome that will serve to identify all of the proteins in the juice cells and will also serve as an aid to the genomics efforts of the citrus research community (validating the annotation of the fruit genes and the different ESTs). Initially, we identified more than 2,500 specific fruit proteins and were able to assign a function to more than 2,100 proteins (Katz et al., 2007). We have now developed a novel Differential Quantitative LC-MS/MS Proteomics Methodology for the identification and quantitation of key biochemical pathways in fruits (Katz et al., 2010) and applied this methodology to identify determinants of key traits for fruit quality (Katz et al., 2011). We built “biosynthesis maps” that will aid in defining key pathways associated with the development of key fruit quality traits. In addition, we constructed iCitrus (http://wiki.bioinformatics.ucdavis.edu/index.php/ICitrus), a “functional database” that is essentially a web interface to a look-up table that allows users to use functional annotations in the web to identify poorly annotated citrus proteins. This resource will serve as a tool for growers and field extension specialists.
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Financial Stability Report - First Half of 2023. Banco de la República, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem1.eng-2023.

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Banco de la República’s main goal is to preserve the purchasing power of the currency in coordination with the general economic policy that is intended to stabilize output and employment at long-term sustainable levels. Properly meeting the goal assigned to the Bank by the 1991 Constitution critically depends on preserving financial stability. This is understood to be a general condition in which the financial system channels domestic savings and evaluates and manages the financial risks in a way that facilitates the performance of the economy and efficient allocation of resources while, at the same time, it is able to, on its own, absorb, dissipate, and mitigate the appearance of risks that may arise as a result of adverse events. Banco de la República’s Financial Stability Report provides a diagnosis of the financial system’s and its debtors’ recent performance and indicates the main risks and vulnerabilities that could have an effect on the stability of the Colombian economy. The objective is to share this information with the financial market participants and the public and encourage public debate on trends and risks that affect the system. The results presented here also serve the monetary authority as a basis for making decisions that will enhance financial stability. The analysis presented in this edition of the Report makes it possible to conclude that the Colombian financial system has liquidity and capital adequacy levels that are not only above those required by internationally accepted parameters but would even be sufficient to face the occurrence of extreme low-probability risks. In particular, during the last six months, the aggregate capital adequacy of credit institutions rose 22 basis points and reached 18.1% in February 2023. The liquidity coverage ratio indicator and the net stable funding ratio, in turn, were 202.0% and 111% and thus well above the regulatory minimums of 100%. The period of analysis in this Report includes the period of stress that occurred in the U.S. regional bank segment and at Credit Suisse and caused nervousness regarding possible risks to global financial stability. The characteristics and risks that generated problems in those entities are analyzed in this Report and the Colombian financial system is evaluated considering different sources of vulnerability. Some characteristics that protect the Colombian financial system are: (i) a cautious balance sheet structure on both the asset and liability sides of the entities; (ii) the widespread practice of valuing the investment portfolio at market prices, and (iii) the appropriate management of liquidity risk. In line with a higher interest-rate scenario and a slowdown in local economic activity, the credit growth rate has slowed down in recent months while there have been signs of deterioration in the loan portfolios. Credit, which had been exhibiting excessively high growth levels last year, especially in the consumer category, has slowed down while past-due and risky loans have rebounded. This is also driven mainly by the consumer portfolio which is reflecting the growth in risks assumed by financial institutions in previous quarters. In spite of the lower portfolio performance seen currently and projected for the future, the high level of household indebtedness in Colombia, especially in the consumer segment, continues to be considered a source of vulnerability for the Colombian financial system as was the case in the previous edition of this Report (see section 2.2.1). Nevertheless, the financial system continues to reflect soundness and stability: credit institutions (CIs) are keeping liquidity and capital adequacy indicators well above the minimums established by regulation while nonbanking financial institutions (NBFIs) have registered an increase in their profits.The adjustments in the monetary policy stance since September 2021, the effect of the macroprudential measures implemented by the Office of the Financial Superintendent of Colombia (FSC) at the end of last year associated with a higher requirement in terms of loan loss provisions, and stricter conditions in the allocation of loans by CIs are behind the projection of a loan portfolio growth rate that is likely to continue declining in the coming months. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system’s security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate sustainable flows of sufficient credit and liquidity funds, and further the smooth functioning of the payment system.
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