Relevant bibliographies by topics / Radiographic density

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Academic literature on the topic 'Radiographic density'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Radiographic density"

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Gunawan, Gunawan, Suhardjo Sitam, and Lusi Epsilawati. "Densitas tulang mandibula pengguna obat anti hipertensi calcium channel blocker (CCB) melalui radiograf panoramik." Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 4, no. 2 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v4i2.527.

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Objectives: The purpose of this research was to describe radiographic density of mandibular bone in calcium channel blocker anti-hypertensive drug users. Bone density in the mandible is assessed from the trabecular. Panoramic radiograph is a routine examination that is often done in dentistry that can be used to assess changes in quality in the form of changes in bone density in users of anti-hypertensive calcium channel blockers 
 Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive study of 21 panoramic radiographs of calcium channel blocker anti-hypertensive drug users aged 40-75 years. Panoramic radiograph archive density checks in the distal region of the foramen mentale and the mandibular angular region using software image j, with the final result was the percentage between bone and marrow. 
 Results: This research showed the average radiographic density in male using calcium channel blocker antihypertensive drugs was 18.81% and the average radiographic density in female was 20.92%. 
 Conclusion: Based on the results of the study found that the average radiographic density of female patients taking antihypertensive drugs calcium channel blockers was higher than male.
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Heaven, T. J., A. R. Firestone, and F. F. Feagin. "Quantitative Radiographic Measurement of Dentinal Lesions." Journal of Dental Research 69, no. 1 (1990): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345900690010801.

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The purpose of this investigation was the comparison of the precision and accuracy of two reference ramp techniques for the quantification of radiographic density changes in teeth. Radiographs (65 kVp, 10 ma, 1 s, and intra-oral ultraspeed film) of transverse sections from extracted permanent human molars were made before and after dentinal lesions were created. Each radiograph contained the image of a tooth section and the aluminum reference ramp. Method A used the image of the ramp on both the before- and after-lesion radiographs, and method B used the image of the ramp only on the before-lesion radiograph. Three groups of lesions (0.525-mm diameter, n = 11; 0.675-mm diameter, n = 9; and the 0.525-mm holes enlarged to 0.675 mm) were measured radiographically by each technique and by direct planimetry of the lesions. Radiographic method B produced results in close agreement with the planimetric measurements. Method B differentiated (p<0.05) between groups that had a mean planimetric size difference of 0.10 mm (equivalent to a change in density difference of 0.6%). These density change measurements are in absolute units of mm of aluminum that can be compared between lesions and between samples. This technique may prove useful for the quantification of changes in mineral density of caries lesions detectable in longitudinal radiographic records.
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Shrestha, S., S. Maharhan, U. Khanal, and M. Humagain. "Evaluation of image quality in cervical spine lateral radiographs." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 6, no. 1 (2017): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v6i1.16652.

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In diagnostic radiography, cervical lateral spine x-ray is common radiographic examination among imaging of cervical spine. Thus, it is important to show entire anatomical structure, adequate penetration, soft tissue of neck and bony detail. This study attempts to quantify the quality of cervical spine radiographs by evaluating the quality of depiction of the anatomical and physical details. In this cross-sectional study, about 188 cases of cervical spine lateral radiographs were collected for study over the three months of period. Nine image criteria i.e. anatomical coverage, soft tissue visualization, C7/T1 junction, sharp bony detail, proper chin raise, artifact, density, patient rotation and collimation were followed and tabulated. Obtained data were analyzed using in SPSS v.20 software and shown in frequency, percentages, bar diagrams and graphs. Among 188 patients, about 23.4% cervical radiographs met all image criteria but remaining 76.6% did not meet these criteria due to no anatomical coverage (33.5%), no proper chin raise (46.3%), artifact (13.3%), patient rotation (50%) and no collimation (33.5%). It is difficult to perform good quality cervical radiograph according to European guidelines14. To a great extent the quality of cervical radiographs depends upon skill of radiographer, equipment condition (x-ray machine, CR reader) and co-operation of patients. This is always a challenge for radiographer and technologist.
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MADELEY, N. J., A. B. STEPHEN, N. D. DOWNING, and T. R. C. DAVIS. "Changes in Scaphoid Bone Density after Acute Fracture." Journal of Hand Surgery 31, no. 4 (2006): 368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2006.03.164.

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The radiographic density of the proximal fragments of 16 scaphoid fractures was assessed on scaphoid series radiographs taken at 6 to 12 weeks. In addition, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of bone mineral density in the distal radius and proximal and distal fracture fragments were performed at 1 to 2 weeks and 6 to 12 weeks. Median reductions of 9% and 10% were observed in bone mineral density in the proximal fracture fragment and the distal radius respectively, but these did not correlate with the radiographic density of the proximal fragment. A greater median reduction in bone mineral density (27%) was observed in the distal fracture fragment and more bone loss occurred at this site when there was an apparent increase in the radiographic density of the proximal fragment (median fall of 0.23 g/cm2 versus 0.14 g/cm2). Thus, apparent increased radiographic density of the proximal fragment may be due to increased bone loss from the distal fragment.
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Frazao, Paulo J. R., Rodrigo Crispim, Cesar A. M. Pereira, et al. "CORRELATION STUDY BETWEEN BONE MINERAL DENSITY DETERMINED BY RADIOGRAPHIC ABSORPTIOMETRY AND BONE RESISTANCE OF EQUINE THIRD METACARPAL BONE SUBMITTED TO BIOMECHANICAL TESTING." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 15, no. 01 (2012): 1250007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957712500078.

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Knowledge about non-invasive methods for early diagnostics in equine orthopedic disorders is economically important and has been widely studied. In this study, bone mineral density determined by radiographic absorptiometry was correlated to bone resistance of the equine third metacarpal bone submitted to biomechanical testing. Thirty pairs of third metacarpal bone of adult horses were collected, dissected, radiographed, analyzed by the radiographic absorptiometry technique, and submitted to tomographic study and biomechanical testing. No significant linear correlation between radiographic bone density values and measured biomechanical properties was observed. Therefore, bone mineral density of the third metacarpal bone determined by radiographic absorptiometry does not predict bone capacity to resist compression and flexion loads. Further studies should be developed to establish which techniques are reliably capable of giving such predictive information.
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Stewart, A., B. Benson, B. Tennent-Brown, J. Foreman, and C. Byron. "Effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on radiographic and scintigraphic outcomes in horses with palmar heel pain." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22, no. 02 (2009): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-08-04-0037.

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Summary Objective: To investigate the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (RESWT) on radiographic and scintigraphic variables in horses with clinical pain referable to the palmar heel. Methods: Eight client-owner horses with palmar heel pain were treated with RESWT for a total of three treatments. Nuclear scintigraphy and radiography were repeated at the beginning and completion of the study. Scintigram region of interest (ROI) density ratios were calculated and compared between treated limbs, untreated limbs, and a population of comparison limbs from eight horses free of lameness. Radiographs were scored for whole navicular bone appearance as well as distal border synovial fossae number and severity. Results: There was not any preversus post-treatment difference in scintigraphic navicular pool phase or delayed phase ROI density ratios in treated limbs, or between treated and untreated limbs. Delayed phase ROI density was increased in the central navicular region in treated limbs compared to comparison limbs from non-lame horses at both time points. Radiographic scores remained unchanged. Clinical significance: RESWT as applied in the present study has no effect on acute palmar heel region scintigraphic or radiographic parameters. Any acute clinical benefit may be due to analgesic effects rather than stimulation of local tissue metabolism.
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Spin-Neto, Rubens, Felipe Leite Coletti, Rubens Moreno de Freitas, Chaíne Pavone, Sérgio Paulo Campana-Filho, and Rosemary Adriana Chiérici Marcantonio. "Chitosan-based biomaterials used in critical-size bone defects: radiographic study in rat's calvaria." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 41, no. 5 (2012): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1807-25772012000500003.

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated, using digital radiographic images, the action of chitosan and chitosan hydrochloride biomaterials, with both low and high molecular weight, used in the correction of critical-size bone defects (CSBD's) in rat's calvaria. MATERIAL AND METHOD: CSBD's with 8 mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 50 Holtzman rats and these were filled with a blood clot (Control), low molecular weight chitosan, high molecular weight chitosan, low molecular weight chitosan hydrochloride and high molecular weight chitosan hydrochloride, for a total of 10 animals, which were divided into two experimental periods (15 and 60 days), for each biomaterial. The radiographic evaluation was made using two digital radiographs of the animal's skull: one taken right after the bone defect was created and the other at the moment of the sacrifice, providing the initial and the final radiographic bone density in the area of the defect, which were compared. RESULT: Analysis of radiographic bone density indicated that the increase in the radiographic bone density of the CSBD's treated with the proposed biomaterials, in either molecular weight, in both observed periods, where similar to those found in control group. CONCLUSION: Tested chitosan-based biomaterials were not able to enhance the radiographic density in the CSBD's made in rat's calvaria.
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Verma, Abhishek, Stuti Verma, Anushikha Dhankhar, Nitin Kumar Moral, Nidhi Nagar, and Ajeet Singh Bhadoria. "Predicting the Risk of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury in Impacted Lower Third Molars Using Panoramic Radiography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 34 (2021): 2910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/593.

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BACKGROUND A serious complication of surgical removal of impacted lower third molars is inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury. Evaluation of radiographic factors to predict IAN injury using CT and panoramic radiography includes root morphology assessment, follicular sac size, mandibular bone density, inferior alveolar nerve and vessels, condition of the overlying tissues, relation of the impacted tooth with the body and ramus of the mandible and the adjacent teeth. This study was done to evaluate the radiological features of the impacted lower mandibular teeth and their relationship with IAN through panoramic radiography and CT and to assess the most predictable radiological criteria for inferior alveolar nerve injury in impacted third molar surgery. METHODS All the patients indicated for lower third molar extraction were included in the study and pre-operative conventional panoramic radiographs (Planmeca Proline PM 2002 CC, Helsinki, Finland) and CBCT (Kodak CBCT) were taken. Any post-operative nerve injuries detected were followed up after 15 days or 1 month. Fisher’s exact test was done to find the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables. RESULTS Only 11.4 % (N = 4) of all participants had IAN injury following surgical disimpaction. All the participants with IAN injury showed narrowing of the canal on their preoperative panoramic radiographs and presence of nerve approximation with the tooth in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) reports (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A statistically significant association exists between IAN injury and nerve exposure, radiographic signs of nerve involvement for panoramic radiograph, level of third molar impaction, and nerve approximation in CBCT. KEY WORDS Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury, Lower Third Molar Impaction, Panoramic Radiography, CBCT
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Medigovic, Ivana, and Djordje Antonijevic. "In vitro radiographic density of dental posts measured by digital radiography." Oral Radiology 30, no. 1 (2013): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11282-013-0129-1.

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Korstjens, C. M., L. Mosekilde, R. J. Spruijt, W. G. M. Geraets, and P. F. van der Stelt. "Relations between Radiographic Trabecular Pattern and Biomechanical Characteristics of Human Vertebrae." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 3P2 (1996): 618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960373p240.

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Purpose: Relations between the radiographic trabecular pattern and the biomechanical characteristics of bone were studied. Material and Methods: The material comprised L2 and L3 vertebral bodies of 14 individuals (aged 22–76 years; 6 women and 8 men). Compressive strength and ash density of the complete L2 vertebral body were determined. Of the L3 vertebral body, ash density and compressive strength in both horizontal and vertical directions were measured on cylinders of merely trabecular bone. Radiographs were taken of a midsagittal slice of L3 vertebrae. They were digitized to measure trabecular bone geometry and orientation. The procedure was repeated several times to obtain reliable measures. Results: The radiographic trabecular pattern was significantly related to compressive strength, ash density and age. One of the radiographic geometric features in particular seems to offer information concerning the structural integrity of the trabecular architecture. Conclusion: Analysis of the radiographic trabecular pattern appears to be a promising technique for prediction of trabecular bone strength.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiographic density"

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Bowen, Amber Jean. "Bone Density Measurement via Radiographic Calibration." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/341.

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Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common injuries sustained by athletes and military recruits and can result in decreased performance and lifelong disability. So common and costly are these injuries that the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons has provided guidelines for future research, including recommendations for the development of a large animal model of bone injury (USDA 2001). In human and veterinary medicine, digital radiography represents the primary diagnostic tool the physician uses to diagnose skeletal injury. Advances in digital radiography have provided the veterinarian with opportunities to make both simple and complex radiographic assessments. We investigated a simple quantitative measurement of the solar, concave aspect of the distal phalanx in the horse, termed the Palmar-Metric (PM). The PM was a significant predictor of solar cup volume (p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with age (r2 = 0.28, p < 0.05) as determined from 544 radiographs of the distal phalanx from the left and right front feet. Therefore, veterinarians should be aware of the age related change in the solar, concave aspect of the distal phalanx in the horse. We hypothesized that the decrease in the degree of concavity with age may be due to demineralization and subsequent loss of bone density along the solar margin of the distal phalanx. Therefore, we investigated the quantification of optical bone density (bone OD) via complex radiographic calibration. By developing a brightness/darkness index (BDI), the greyscale of radiographs, calibrated with an aluminum marker of varying known thickness, can be compared to the average density of a cross-section of bone. At varying radiographic exposure intensity (kV) and exposure time (mAs), Al BDI was a significant predictor of bone BDI (r2 = 0.960, p < 0.001) and bone OD (r2 = 0.971, p < 0.001). This method of calibration can be utilized by the radiologist to accurately assess bone OD regardless of technique, and allow direct comparison of radiographs taken under different exposure settings. This method successfully quantifies bone OD via measurement of BDI from standardized digital radiographs, allowing for the opacity of radiographs to be truly comparable when taken under different circumstances.
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Skipper, Julie A. "Feasibility of Radiographic Absorptiometry of the Mandible as an Osteoporosis Screening Method." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1057695994.

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Silva, Renan Lucio Berbel da. "Avaliação da densidade ótica peri-implantar cervical em controle longitudinal de implantes na região anterior de maxila." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-15082018-094151/.

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As complicações peri-implantares, posteriormente a colocação do implante em função, são frequentes e sua identificação precoce pode significar uma terapêutica adequada e consequentemente garantir o sucesso do terapêutica. A proposta neste trabalho foi avaliar longitudinalmente a densidade ótica do osso alveolar peri-implantar na região cervical, analisada, por meio da técnica de subtração radiográfica de um acervo de radiografias digitais adquiridas de pacientes previamente reabilitados com trinta e sete implantes osteointegrados imediatos na região anterior da maxila. Os controles radiográficos foram realizados em cinco momentos: na instalação das próteses, após 15,90,180 e 360 dias, e as radiografias intrabucais foram obtidas pela técnica do paralelismo de cilindro longo, com posicionadores do tipo Hanshin individualizados de forma a garantir a padronização das imagens. As imagens digitais obtidas foram alinhadas e equalizadas e por fim submetidas ao procedimento de subtração radiográfica. Os resultados indicaram que a metodologia de subtração radiográfica é válida para a avaliação da perda óssea peri-implantar, assim como demonstra a literatura. No entanto, a reprodução das angulações verticais e horizontais, apresentam-se como críticas na avaliação da densidade óptica da crista óssea e demandam grande habilidade do operador para a correta aplicação. Por meio dessa técnica, conseguimos avaliar de forma quantitativa e qualitativa as alterações na faces proximais nas imagens radiográficas do acervo analisado. A subtração radiográfica, por meio da ferramenta de histograma, permitiu quantificar de forma objetiva as diferenças encontradas nas análises.<br>The peri-implant complications, in addition to implant placement in function, are frequent and their early identification could mean a therapy appropriately and consequently guarantee the success of the treatment. The aim of this research was to longitudinally evaluate of the optical density of the peri-implant alveolar bone at the cervical region, analyzed by means of the radiographic subtraction technique, a collection of digital radiographs acquired from patients previously rehabilitated with thirty seven osseointegrated implants. The radiographic controls performed in five moments, at the installation of the prostheses, after 15,90,180 and 360 days, and the intraoral radiographs were obtained by parallelism technique, with Hanshin-type positioners individualized in order to guarantee the standardization of the images. The obtained digital images were aligned and equalized and finally submitted to radiographic subtraction procedure. The results indicated that the methodology of radiographic subtraction is valid for an evaluation of the peri-implant bone loss, as well as to demonstrated at the literature. However, the reproduction of the vertical and horizontal angles, are presented as critical in the evaluation of the optical density, and demand a great ability of the operator for a correct application. Through the technique we obtained a quantitative and qualitative evaluation in the area of proximal images in the radiographic images of the analyzed data. The histogram tool applied on the radiographic subtraction images allowed to quantify objectively as the differences found in the analyzes.
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Fonzar, José Francisco [UNESP]. "Avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa do reparo ósseo por imagens processadas pelos programas ImageJ e ODR." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92194.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:33:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fonzar_jf_me_araca.pdf: 567190 bytes, checksum: e8f229d7549fc4d7d1fe1b80793393d1 (MD5)<br>Neste trabalho foram avaliados 19 cães, que deram entrada nos Hospitais Veterinários de Andradina com fraturas de ossos longos e de quatro que foram osteotomisados no Hospital Veterinário de Araçatuba, sem levar em consideração a raça, idade, sexo e tamanho dos animais acometidos de fratura, apenas o local da lesão, esta em ossos longos. As fraturas foram radiografadas em um primeiro momento, os animais encaminhados ou não á cirurgia, como tramite normal dentro da rotina de um Hospital. Este trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar que os programas computacionais “ODR” e ImageJ, são ferramentas que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico, fornecendo dados quantitativos e qualitativos do reparo ósseo, favorecendo o diagnóstico na avaliação da fratura, como também, acompanhar o processo de reparo ósseo. As radiografias feitas após cirurgia e de acompanhamento, foram digitalizadas por um scanner, e avaliadas com o programa computacional “ImageJ”. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados e comparados a laudos radiográficos visuais, demonstrando ser exeqüível e viável, de baixo custo, fornecendo dados quantitativos do diagnóstico e acompanhamento do reparo ósseo<br>This study evaluated 19 dogs, which were received in Hospitals Veterinarians Andradina with long bone fractures and four were osteotomisados at the Veterinary Hospital of Araçatuba, without regard to race, age, sex and size of animals suffering from fracture, only the location of the lesion, the long bones. The fractures were radiographed at first, the animals sent to surgery or not, as tramite normal routine within a hospital. This study aimed to demonstrate that computer programs ODR and “ImageJ”, are tools that can aid in diagnosis, providing quantitative and qualitative data of bone repair, favoring the diagnosis in the evaluation of the fracture, but also monitor the repair process bone. The radiographs made after surgery and follow-up (when possible), were scanned by a scanner and evaluated with the computer programs ImageJ. The results were analyzed and compared the radiographic findings visually demonstrated to be feasible and viable, low cost, providing quantitative data of diagnosis and monitoring of bone healing
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Varoli, Felipe Paes. ""Estudo comaparativo das densidades radiográficas de diferentes filmes periapicais obtidas por meio da análise computadorizada em valores de alumínio-equivalente"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-30082004-143643/.

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RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi obter as densidades radiográficas de diferentes filmes periapicais por meio de um programa computadorizado que utiliza a imagem equivalente em alumínio (alumínio-equivalente). Avaliaram-se os filmes Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort”, Kodak InSight, Kodak Ektaspeed Plus, Kodak Ultra-speed e Kodak D. Todos foram expostos aos raios X juntamente com um escalímetro de Alumínio, variando-se o tempo de exposição (0,1 a 1 segundo). Após a leitura das densidades radiográficas construiu-se um gráfico para compararmos as propriedades sensitométricas dos filmes. O filmes mais sensíveis foram o Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” e o Kodak InSight, e os menos sensíveis o Kodak Ultra-speed e o Kodak D. Os filmes Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” e Kodak InSight apresentaram os maiores contrastes. Os resultados obtidos por este método indicam que deve-se utilizar os filmes Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” e Kodak InSight para reduzir a dose de radiação recebida pelo paciente.<br>ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to obtain radiographic densities from different dental intraoral x-ray films through a software using aluminium-equivalent image. The densities had been measured in order to compare dental x-ray films in terms of speed, base plus fog, and contrast. Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort”, Kodak InSight, Kodak Ektaspeed Plus, Kodak Ultra-speed and Kodak D-speed films were evaluated. All films were exposed together with aluminium wedge, at times ranging from 0,1-1 second. By plotting a graphic of density against exposure, sensitometric properties were compared. Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” and Kodak InSight films obtained the highest film speed; Kodak Ultra-speed and Kodak D-speed films exhibited the lowest sensitivity. Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” and Kodak InSight films had presented valuesm to contrast superior to other films. Therefore, Agfa Dentus M2 “Comfort” and Kodak InSight films must be recommended to minimize the radiation dose to the patient.
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Fonzar, José Francisco. "Avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa do reparo ósseo por imagens processadas pelos programas "ImageJ" e "ODR" /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92194.

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Orientador: Mário Jefferson Quirino Louzada<br>Banca: Ricardo Velludo Gomes Soutello<br>Banca: Gilberto Aparecido Coclete<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho foram avaliados 19 cães, que deram entrada nos Hospitais Veterinários de Andradina com fraturas de ossos longos e de quatro que foram osteotomisados no Hospital Veterinário de Araçatuba, sem levar em consideração a raça, idade, sexo e tamanho dos animais acometidos de fratura, apenas o local da lesão, esta em ossos longos. As fraturas foram radiografadas em um primeiro momento, os animais encaminhados ou não á cirurgia, como tramite normal dentro da rotina de um Hospital. Este trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar que os programas computacionais "ODR" e ImageJ, são ferramentas que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico, fornecendo dados quantitativos e qualitativos do reparo ósseo, favorecendo o diagnóstico na avaliação da fratura, como também, acompanhar o processo de reparo ósseo. As radiografias feitas após cirurgia e de acompanhamento, foram digitalizadas por um scanner, e avaliadas com o programa computacional "ImageJ". Os resultados obtidos foram analisados e comparados a laudos radiográficos visuais, demonstrando ser exeqüível e viável, de baixo custo, fornecendo dados quantitativos do diagnóstico e acompanhamento do reparo ósseo<br>Abstract: This study evaluated 19 dogs, which were received in Hospitals Veterinarians Andradina with long bone fractures and four were osteotomisados at the Veterinary Hospital of Araçatuba, without regard to race, age, sex and size of animals suffering from fracture, only the location of the lesion, the long bones. The fractures were radiographed at first, the animals sent to surgery or not, as tramite normal routine within a hospital. This study aimed to demonstrate that computer programs "ODR" and "ImageJ", are tools that can aid in diagnosis, providing quantitative and qualitative data of bone repair, favoring the diagnosis in the evaluation of the fracture, but also monitor the repair process bone. The radiographs made after surgery and follow-up (when possible), were scanned by a scanner and evaluated with the computer programs "ImageJ". The results were analyzed and compared the radiographic findings visually demonstrated to be feasible and viable, low cost, providing quantitative data of diagnosis and monitoring of bone healing<br>Mestre
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Monti, Lira Marcela [UNESP]. "Estudo radiográfico digital e densitométrico em mandíbulas de suínos, submetidas a osteotomia com brocas de alta e baixa rotação, com refrigeração líquida." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91430.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-12-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:52:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 monti_lm_me_araca.pdf: 287560 bytes, checksum: 074e03765d9ead5baba4ea3ffcdf36ee (MD5)<br>Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)<br>Avaliou-se, por meio de exames radiográficos digitais e densitométricos, a influência do tipo de instrumento rotatório para corte, no processo de reparação óssea após osteotomias em mandíbula de suíno em tempos controlados. Foram utilizados para o estudo oito suínos da raça Large White, com peso corpóreo inicial variando de 25 a 30 Kg. Dois cortes transversais do meio à base de mandíbula direita foram realizados, um por meio de instrumento rotatório de alta rotação e o outro pela ação da baixa rotação, ambos com irrigação líquida. Após períodos pré-estabelecidos (7, 28, 60 e 90 dias) os animais foram sacrificados e suas mandíbulas retiradas para estudos radiográficos digitais diretos e indiretos, pelo sistema DIGORA e ODR e de densitometria óptica por imagens radiográficas pelo sistema CROMOX. Nos períodos iniciais (7 e 28 dias) as densitometrias foram maiores na região das osteotomias realizadas com alta rotação e nos períodos finais (60 e 90 dias) as densitometrias foram maiores nas osteotomias feitas com baixa rotação, indicando uma melhor reparação óssea final quando do uso de baixa rotação. A análise qualitativa do processo de reparação foi feita pelo sistema ODR, que possibilitou a obtenção de imagens digitais tridimensionais e coloridas, permitindo comparação das espessuras ósseas com as de uma cunha de alumínio, evidenciando que aos sessenta dias a reparação óssea estava aparentemente completa. Os histogramas do DIGORA apontaram valores de médias de nível de cinza nas áreas de osteotomia, evidenciando uma maior quantidade de tons de cinza nas osteotomias de alta rotação nos primeiros tempos, e nas osteotomias com baixa-rotação nos tempos finais.<br>It was evaluated, through digital and densitometric radiographic exams, the influence of the type of rotating instrument for cut, in the process of bony repair after osteotomy in swine jaw in controlled times. They were used for the study eight Large White swines, with initial corporal weight varying from 25 to 30 Kg. Two traverse cuts of the middle to the base of right jaw were accomplished, one through rotating instrument of high rotation and the other for the action of the low rotation, both with liquid irrigation. After established periods (7, 28, 60 and 90 days) the animals were sacrificed and your mandibles retired for direct and indirect digital radiografic studies, for the DIGORA and ODR systems and of optical densitometry for radiographic images for the CROMOX system. In the initial periods (7 and 28 days) the densitometry were larger in osteotomy areas accomplished with high rotation and in the final periods (60 and 90 days) the densitometry were larger in the osteotomy done with low rotation, indicating a better final bony repair when of the use of low rotation. The qualitative analysis of the repair process was made by the ODR system, that made possible obtaining three-dimensional and colored digital images, allowing comparison of the bony thickness with the one of a wedge of aluminum, evidencing that to the sixty days the bony repair was apparently complete. The histograms of DIGORA pointed values of the averages of ash tones in the osteotomy areas, evidencing a larger amount of ash tones in the osteotomy of high rotation in the first times, and in the osteotomy with low-rotation in the final times.
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Fabricio, Victor. "Avaliação dos efeitos do resveratrol sobre o tecido ósseo de ratas ovariectomizadas." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1363.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:23:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5830.pdf: 3124907 bytes, checksum: 55c12c9ea3515d048b2237215c49333a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-06<br>Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos<br>Resveratrol (trans 3,5,4 'trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenol found in some plants and fruits. There are indications that it may be associated with the prevention of osteoporosis due to its action similar to a SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators), a substance used to treat osteoporosis (among other diseases) in women whose use of hormone replacement therapy does not is indicated. However, more specific information about their effect in various quotas of bone tissue is still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of resveratrol to protect against bone changes characteristics of estrogen deficit in young adult ovariectomized rats. Were utilized 30 animals (Wistar rats) distributed into 3 groups: intact group (INT) with 10 intact animals, ovariectomized group (OVX) with 10 ovariectomized animals treated with a saline and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution, ovariectomized + resveratrol group (OVX + RES) with 10 ovariectomized animals treated with a resveratrol, saline and DMSO solution [0.7 mg/kg BW (body weight)], 7 times a week, for 12 weeks. Biometric, biophysical, biomechanical, microtomographical and radiographic density parameters were analyzed from bones with higher cortical (femur) and trabecular quota (vertebrae). The biomechanical properties of femurs were obtained by the three-point bending test and the lumbar vertebrae obtained by bone compression test. Lumbar vertebrae were used to perform the microtomographical analysis and radiographic density analysis. The ovariectomized rats gained more body weight and had lower bone density and radiographic density, and also showed reduction of microtomographical parameters when compared to the intact group. The biomechanical parameters of femurs did not change in neither group. The animals treated with resveratrol did not shown decrease in microtomographical parameters and bone density of the vertebrae as the untreated group. Therefore, the results suggest resveratrol as a potential protector of ovariectomy induced spoliation of bone tissues with greater trabecular quota.<br>Resveratrol (trans 3,5,4 -trihidroxiestilbeno) é um polifenol encontrado em algumas plantas e frutos. Há indícios de que ele possa ser associado à prevenção da osteoporose devido a sua ação similar a de um SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators), substância utilizada para tratamento da osteoporose (entre outras doenças) em mulheres cujo o uso da Terapia de Reposição Hormonal não é indicado. Entretanto, informações mais específicas sobre o seu efeito em diferentes contingentes do tecido ósseo ainda são escassas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a capacidade do resveratrol de proteger contra as alterações ósseas características da deficiência de estrógeno em ratas adultas jovens ovariectomizadas. Foram utilizados 30 animais (ratas Wistar) distribuidos em 3 grupos: grupo intacto (INT) com 10 animais intactos, grupo controle ovariectomizadas (OVX) com 10 animais ovariectomizados tratados com uma solução de salina e Dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO), grupo ovariectomizadas + resveratrol (OVX + RES) com 10 animais ovariectomizados tratados com uma solução de resveratrol, salina e DMSO intraperitonealmente [0,7 mg/kg MC (massa corpórea)], 7 vezes por semana, por 12 semanas. Foram analisados os parâmetros biométricos, biofísicos, biomecânicos ósseos, microtomográficos e de densidade radiográfica de ossos com maior contingente cortical (fêmures) e trabecular (vértebras). As propriedades biomecânicas dos fêmures foram obtidas pelo teste de flexão a três pontos e das vértebras lombares obtidas pelo teste de compressão óssea. Foram utilizadas vértebras lombares para a realização da análise microtomográfica e de densidade radiográfica. As ratas ovariectomizadas apresentaram maior ganho de massa corporal e diminuição da densidade óssea e densidade radiográfica, além de redução dos parâmetros microtomográficos quando comparadas ao grupo intacto. Os parâmetros biomecânicos dos fêmures não sofreram alteração em nenhum dos grupos. Os animais tratados com resveratrol não apresentaram a diminuição dos parâmetros microtomográficos e de densidade óssea das vertebras como os não tratados. Portanto, os resultados apontam o resveratrol como potencial protetor do tecido ósseo com maior contingente trabecular da espoliação induzida pela ovariectomia.
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Pulkkinen, P. (Pasi). "Radiographical assessment of hip fragility." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290176.

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Abstract The current benchmark for the assessment of fracture risk is the status of osteoporosis based on the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, DXA-based BMD has been shown to lack predictive ability for individual fracture risk. More than half of the hip fractures occur among people who are not classified as having osteoporosis. Osteoporosis (i.e. reduced bone mass) is only one risk factor for a fracture. In addition to bone mass, the mechanical strength of a bone is influenced by material and structural factors. However, we have limited information about the combined effects of BMD and bone structural properties in the evaluation of fracture risk, with regard to different types of hip fractures in particular. Therefore, this study investigated the radiograph-based structural factors of the upper femur for the assessment of bone mechanical competence and cervical and trochanteric hip fracture risk. The subjects of the clinical study comprised 74 postmenopausal women with non-pathologic cervical or trochanteric hip fracture and 40 age-matched controls. The impact of bone structure on the bone mechanical competence was studied using the experimental material of 140 cadaver femurs. The femora were mechanically tested in order to determine the failure load in a side impact configuration, simulating a sideways fall. In all study series, standard BMD measurements were performed, and the structural parameters of bone were determined from digitized plain radiographs. The present study showed that the large variation in the mechanical competence of bone is associated with the geometrical and architectural variation of bone. Moreover, the results strongly suggested that the etiopathology of different types of hip fractures significantly differs, and that fracture risk prediction should thus be performed separately for the cervical and trochanteric hip fractures. Furthermore, the study implied that the current clinical procedure can better be used for the assessment of the risk of trochanteric fracture, whereas cervical fracture is more strongly affected by the geometrical factors than by BMD. Finally, radiograph-based structural parameters of trabecular bone and bone geometry predicted in vitro failure loads of the proximal femur with a similar accuracy as DXA, when appropriate image analysis technology was used. Thus, the technology may be suitable for further development and application in clinical fracture risk assessment.
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Manuel, Mario John-Errol. "Characterization of mono-energetic charged-particle radiography for high energy density physics experiments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45302.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76).<br>Charged-particle radiography, specifically protons and alphas, has recently been used to image various High-Energy-Density Physics objects of interest, including Inertial Confinement Fusion capsules during their implosions, Laser-Plasma Interactions, and Rayleigh-Taylorinstability growth. An imploded D23He-filled glass capsule - the backlighter - provides monoenergetic 15-MeV and 3-MeV protons and 3.6-MeV alphas for radiographing these various phenomena. Because the backlighter emits mono-energetic particles, information about areal density and electromagnetic fields in imaged systems can be obtained simultaneously. One of the most important characteristics of the backlighter is the fusion product yield, so understanding the experiment parameters that affect it is essential to the future of chargedparticle radiography. Empirical studies of backlighter performance under a variety of conditions are presented, along with proton yield parameterizations based on backlighter and laser parameters. In order to investigate the limits and capabilities of this diagnostic, the Geant4 Transport Toolkit is introduced as the supplementary simulation tool to accompany this novel diagnostic; benchmark simulations with experimental data are presented.<br>by Mario John-Errol Manuel.<br>S.M.
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Books on the topic "Radiographic density"

1

Erlichman, Martin. Radiographic absorptiometry for measuring bone mineral density. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1988.

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Erlichman, Martin. Dual photon absorptiometry for measuring bone mineral density. National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1987.

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Hans, Ringertz, ed. Measurements in pediatric radiology. Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Mosby. Mosby's Radiographic Instructional Series: Radiographic Imaging - Unit 2 CD: Radiographic Density and Contrast (Radiographic Instructional). C.V. Mosby, 1998.

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Spranger, Jürgen W., Paula W. Brill, Christine Hall, Gen Nishimura, Andrea Superti-Furga, and Sheila Unger. Bone Dysplasias. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626655.001.0001.

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This is a unique atlas presenting age-related radiographs on more than 250 rare constitutional skeletal diseases (dysplasias, dysostoses, osteolyses, disorders of bone density, and more) focusing on diagnostically essential radiographic and clinical features. Each chapter is supplemented with prognostic and therapeutic information, a guide to differential diagnoses, and a short list of the most relevant publications. A major advantage is the systematic conformation of chapters, sparing the reader a cumbersome read-through of longer text. Presentation in accordance with the most recent International Nosology and Classification of Genetic Skeletal Disorders.
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Cores collected in Lake Baikal, Siberia, by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1990 to 1992: Visual descriptions, photographs, x-radiographs, bulk-density measurements, and grain-size analysis. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1994.

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Heuck, Friedrich, and Kurt Vanselow. Radiologische Analyse des Knochens: Bestimmung der Mineralkonzentration (Quantitative physikalische Untersuchungsmethoden). Springer, 2004.

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J, Sawyer Aenor, Bachrach Laura K, and Fung Ellen B, eds. Bone densitometry in growing patients: Guidelines for clinical practice. Humana Press, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Radiographic density"

1

Khan-Perez, Jennifer, Elaine Harkness, Clare Mercer, et al. "Volumetric Breast Density and Radiographic Parameters." In Breast Imaging. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07887-8_38.

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Steyrer, G., and J. Peisl. "Macroscopic Density Fluctuations in the Niobium-Hydrogen System Studied by Neutron Radiography and Computerized Tomography." In Neutron Radiography. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3871-7_94.

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Kuranz, C. C., R. P. Drake, M. J. Grosskopf, et al. "Image processing of radiographs in 3D Rayleigh-Taylor decelerating interface experiments." In High Energy Density Laboratory Astrophysics 2008. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9999-0_9.

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Le Pape, Sebastien, Daniel Hey, Pravesh Patel, et al. "Proton Radiography of Megagauss Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the Irradiation of a Solid Target by an Ultraintense Laser Pulse." In High Energy Density Laboratory Astrophysics. Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6055-7_62.

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Wei, Suhua, and Guiping Zhao. "Total Variation Approach to Density Reconstruction from X-Ray Radiograph Tomography." In Mathematical Methods in Engineering. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7183-3_12.

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Notea, A., D. Pal, and M. Deutsch. "Material Density Distribution of a Radial Symmetric Product from a Single X-Ray Radiograph." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5772-8_46.

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Stupin, David M. "Near-Real-Time Radiography Detects 0.1% Changes in Areal Density with 1-Millimeter Spatial Resolution." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0979-6_103.

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Pignol, J. P., N. Brassart, P. Chauvel, and J. C. Abbe. "Non-Linear Regression between Track Density and 10B Concentration in Photo-Electronic Neutron Capture Radiography." In Cancer Neutron Capture Therapy. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9567-7_28.

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Mikhaylichenko, Alexey, and Yana Demyanenko. "Automatic Grading of Knee Osteoarthritis from Plain Radiographs Using Densely Connected Convolutional Networks." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71214-3_13.

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Christopher Aranha Watanabe, Plauto, Giovani Antonio Rodrigues, Marcelo Rodrigues Azenha, et al. "Bone Quality of the Dento-Maxillofacial Complex and Osteoporosis. Opportunistic Radiographic Interpretation." In Osteoporosis - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96487.

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Research suggests the use of different indexes on panoramic radiography as a way to assess BMD and to be able to detect changes in bone metabolism before fractures occur. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to describe the use of these parameters as an auxiliary mechanism in the detection of low bone mineral density, as well as to characterize the radiographic findings of patients with osteoporosis.
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Conference papers on the topic "Radiographic density"

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Jackson, S. L., D. D. Hinshelwood, B. V. Weber, et al. "Electron Density Measurements on Radiographic Diodes." In 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4345852.

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Jackson, S. L., D. D. Hinshelwood, B. V. Weber, et al. "Electron density measurements on radiographic diodes." In 2007 IEEE International Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference (PPPS 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4651964.

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Savoie, Charles, and Darryl Rivest. "Advanced Radiographic Scanning, Enhancement and Electronic Data Storage." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27174.

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It is a well-known fact that radiographs deteriorate with time. Substantial cost is attributed to cataloguing and storage. To eliminate deterioration issues and save time retrieving radiographs, laser scanning techniques were developed in conjunction with viewing and enhancement software. This will allow radiographs to be successfully scanned and stored electronically for future reference. Today’s radiographic laser scanners are capable of capturing images with an optical density of up to 4.1 at 256 grey levels and resolutions up to 4096 pixels per line. An industrial software interface was developed for the non-destructive testing industry so that certain parameters such as scan resolution, number of scans, file format and location to be saved could be adjusted as needed. Once the radiographs have been scanned, the tiff images are stored, or retrieved into Radiance software (developed by Rivest Technologies Inc.), which will help to properly interpret the radiographs. Radiance was developed to allow the user to quickly view the radiograph’s correctness or enhance its defects for comparison and future evaluation. Radiance also allows the user to zoom, measure and annotate areas of interest. Physical cost associated with cataloguing, storing and retrieving radiographs can be eliminated. You can now successfully retrieve and view your radiographs from CD media or dedicated hard drive at will. For continuous searches and/or field access, dedicated hard drives controlled by a server would be the media of choice. All scanned radiographs will be archived to CD media (CD-R). Laser scanning with a proper acquisition interface and easy to use viewing software will permit a qualified user to identify areas of interest and share this information with his/her colleagues via e-mail or web data access.
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Klima, Stanley J., and Alex Vary. "NDE of Structural Ceramics." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-279.

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Radiographic, ultrasonic, scanning laser acoustic microscopy (SLAM), and thermo-acoustic microscopy techniques were used to characterize silicon nitride and silicon carbide modulus-of-rupture test specimens in various stages of fabrication. Conventional and microfocus x-ray techniques were found capable of detecting minute high density inclusions in as-received powders, green compacts, and fully densified specimens. Significant density gradients in sintered bars were observed by radiography, ultrasonic velocity, and SLAM. Ultrasonic attenuation was found sensitive to microstructural variations due to grain and void morphology and distribution. SLAM was also capable of detecting voids, inclusions, and cracks in finished test bars. Consideration is given to the potential for applying thermo-acoustic microscopy techniques to green and densified ceramics. The detection probability statistics and some limitations of radiography and SLAM also are discussed.
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Heindel, Theodore J., Terrence C. Jensen, and Joseph N. Gray. "Visualizing Fluid Flows With X-Rays." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37023.

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There are several methods available to visualize fluid flows when one has optical access. However, when optical access is limited to near the boundaries or not available at all, alternative visualization methods are required. This paper will describe flow visualization using an X-ray system that is capable of digital X-ray radiography, digital X-ray stereography, and digital X-ray computed tomography (CT). The unique X-ray flow visualization facility will be briefly described, and then flow visualization of various systems will be shown. Radiographs provide a two-dimensional density map of a three dimensional process or object. Radiographic images of various multiphase flows will be presented. When two X-ray sources and detectors simultaneously acquire images of the same process or object from different orientations, stereographic imaging can be completed; this type of imaging will be demonstrated by trickling water through packed columns and by absorbing water in a porous medium. Finally, local time-averaged phase distributions can be determined from X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging, and this will be shown by comparing CT images from two different gas-liquid sparged columns.
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Bon, Jessica M., Carl R. Fuhrman, Joel L. Weissfeld, et al. "Radiographic Emphysema Independently Predicts Low Bone Mineral Density In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a2379.

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Hammel, B. A., T. S. Perry, B. A. Remington, and J. D. Kilkenny. "X-ray radiographic measurements of hydrodynamic phenomena in radiation driven solid density material." In International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1993.593608.

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Ao, Zhijun, Leon Li, and Zunfa Wei. "A Study on a Multiple Film Technique Utilized in Radiographic Examination for Steel Castings With Complicated Geometry." In 2014 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2014-3738.

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Castings on transit railcars often have complicated geometry. Varying thicknesses and limited space for shooting are difficult for radiographic testing of such castings. To reach the high-quality requirements of the density, accuracy, contrast, and sharpness of the films, a series of experiment were performed on one casting with complicated geometry to compare different results from different shooting methodologies. Films with different ISO speeds are suitable for different wall thickness while their detection ranges overlap with each other. By adopting multiple film techniques, radiographic quality is enhanced when inspecting complicated castings geometries. The utilization of lead intensifying screen contributes to improve the image quality of the radiograph, so that the absorption of different sections is equalized and the prescribed quality level and density requirements are met. Latitude of film is improved by selecting appropriate voltage. Source-to-film distance is increased in order to minimize geometric unsharpness and ensure overall uniformity. Lead foil screens are utilized as a filter in front of films to absorb scattered radiation. In addition, back scatter radiation is reduced by placing lead plates behind the cassette. Large focal spot size is adopted. Short time of exposure is preferentially selected for the purpose of reducing the active time of scattered radiation. Moreover, the selection of other associated processing parameters helps to lessen the adverse effects caused by complicated casting geometries. The results of these experiments show that the quantities of films and inspection cost can be reduced, efficiency of inspection can be improved; missing detection in complicated areas can be effectively avoided; the detection capability is increased and reliability of inspection results is ensured. In conclusion, the multiple film technique is a satisfactory methodology for radiographic testing of steel castings with complicated geometry.
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9

Kitts, Jr., Earle L. "Limitations on contrast sensitivity and dynamic range imposed by human-eye response characteristics, film-density, and radiographic viewing conditions." In Medical Imaging 1993, edited by Rodney Shaw. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.154605.

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10

Liu, Shu H., Ju Ding, and Jie L. Wang. "Research on the Measurement Accuracy of Ultrasonic Phased Array Time-of-Flight Method." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21105.

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Abstract In special public pipelines, High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) had been widely applied, making integrity and safety priority. In the periodic inspection of pressure vessel and pressure pipeline, the safety level shall be determined by the defect geometric size. Therefore, it is necessary to get the defect size data as accurately as possible. Digital radiography inspection is a feasible method for detecting butt fusion welds. Defect size can be measured accurately by digital radiographic image. Due to factors such as damage to human body caused by ray, it is difficult to detect HDPE pipelines in some occasions in field. Ultrasonic phased array testing has high accuracy in flaw inspection, high efficiency and little artificial criteria error. But conventional phased array has difficulties in detecting butt fusion welds due to acoustic attenuation and noise affection. In this paper, PE butt fusion welding is inspected by immersion phased array. The absolute time-of-flight method is used to measure the defect size, and the accuracy is qualified with the requirements of the butt fusion welding inspection. For more important, inspector does not need to move equipment probe, avoiding artificial errors and improving the efficiency.
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Reports on the topic "Radiographic density"

1

Klasky, Marc, Balasubramanya Nadiga, Jennifer Disterhaupt, et al. Uncertainties in Density and Simulation Parameters for Radiographic Reconstructions Using Machine Learning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1632660.

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Sjue, Sky K. (TOWARD) DENSITY RECONSTRUCTION FROM PROTON FLASH RADIOGRAPHS USING THE BAYES INFERENCE ENGINE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1093344.

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Tommasini, R. Time resolved radiographs and fuel density of the stagnation phase of Inertial Confinement Fusion implosions (NSA report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1634299.

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