Academic literature on the topic 'Radiographic Indexes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Radiographic Indexes"
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Luceri, Francesco, Davide Cucchi, Enrico Rosagrata, et al. "Novel Radiographic Indexes for Elbow Stability Assessment: Part B—Preliminary Clinical Study." Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 55, S2 (2021): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43465-021-00399-1.
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Abstract Introduction The coronoid process plays a key-role in preserving elbow stability. Currently, there are no radiographic indexes conceived to assess the intrinsic elbow stability and the joint congruency. The aim of this study is to present new radiological parameters, which will help assess the intrinsic stability of the ulnohumeral joint and to define normal values of these indexes in a normal, healthy population. Methods Four independent observers (two orthopaedic surgeons and two radiologists) selected lateral view X-rays of subjects with no history of upper limb disease or surgery. The following radiographic indexes were defined: trochlear depth index (TDI); anterior coverage index (ACI); posterior coverage index (PCI); olecranon–coronoid angle (OCA); radiographic coverage angle (RCA). Inter-observer and intra-observer reproducibility were assessed for each index. Results 126 subjects were included. Standardized lateral elbow radiographs (62 left and 64 right elbows) were obtained and analysed. The mean TDI was 0.46 ± 0.06 (0.3–1.6), the mean ACI was 2.0 ± 0.2 (1.6–3.1) and the mean PCI was 1.3 ± 0.1 (1.0–1.9). The mean RCA was 179.6 ± 8.3° (normalized RCA: 49.9 ± 2.3%) and the mean OCA was 24.6 ± 3.7°. The indexes had a high-grade of inter-observer and intra-observer reliability for each of the four observers. Significantly higher values were found for males for TDI, ACI, PCI and RCA. Conclusion The novel radiological parameters described are simple, reliable and easily reproducible. These features make them a promising tool for radiographic evaluation both for orthopaedic surgeons and for radiologists in the emergency department setting or during outpatient services. Level of evidence Basic Science Study (Case Series). Clinical relevance The novel radiological parameters described are reliable, easily reproducible and become handy for orthopaedic surgeons as well as radiologists in daily clinical practice.
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Luceri, Francesco, Davide Cucchi, Enrico Rosagrata, et al. "Novel Radiographic Indexes for Elbow Stability Assessment: Part A—Cadaveric Validation." Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 55, S2 (2021): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43465-021-00407-4.
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Abstract Introduction Elbow bony stability relies primarily on the high anatomic congruency between the humeral trochlea and the ulnar greater sigmoid notch. No practical tools are available to distinguish different morphotypes of the proximal ulna and herewith predict elbow stability. The aim of this study was to assess inter-observer reproducibility, evaluate diagnostic performance and determine responsiveness to change after simulated coronoid process fracture for three novel elbow radiographic indexes. Methods Ten fresh-frozen cadaver specimens of upper limbs from human donors were available for this study. Three primary indexes were defined, as well as two derived angles: Trochlear Depth Index (TDI); Posterior Coverage Index (PCI); Anterior Coverage Index (ACI); radiographic coverage angle (RCA); olecranon–diaphisary angle (ODA). Each index was first measured on standardized lateral radiographs and subsequently by direct measurement after open dissection. Finally, a type II coronoid fracture (Regan and Morrey classification) was created on each specimen and both radiographic and open measurements were repeated. All measurements were conducted by two orthopaedic surgeons and two dedicated musculoskeletal radiologists. Results All three indexes showed good or moderate inter-observer reliability and moderate accuracy and precision when compared to the gold standard (open measurement). A significant change between the radiographic TDI and ACI before and after simulated coronoid fracture was observed [TDI: decrease from 0.45 ± 0.03 to 0.39 ± 0.08 (p = 0.035); ACI: decrease from 1.90 ± 0.17 to 1.58 ± 0.21 (p = 0.001)]. As expected, no significant changes were documented for the PCI. Based on these data, a predictive model was generated, able to identify coronoid fractures with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion New, simple and easily reproducible radiological indexes to describe the congruency of the greater sigmoid notch have been proposed. TDI and ACI change significantly after a simulated coronoid fracture, indicating a good responsiveness of these parameters to a pathological condition. Furthermore, combining TDI and ACI in a regression model equation allowed to identify simulated fractures with high sensitivity and specificity. The newly proposed indexes are, therefore, promising tools to improve diagnostic accuracy of coronoid fractures and show potential to enhance perioperative diagnostic also in cases of elbow instability and stiffness. Level of evidence Basic science study. Clinical relevance The newly proposed indexes are promising tools to improve diagnostic accuracy of coronoid fractures as well as to enhance perioperative diagnostic for elbow instability and stiffness.
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Ben Ali, K., M. Slouma, L. Kharrat, et al. "AB0071 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE AND ATHEROGENIC INDEXES IN AXIAL RADIOGRAPHIC SPONDYLOARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (2021): 1066.1–1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1281.
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Background:The cardiovascular burden in inflammatory rheumatic diseases is well recognized. This burden has been reported in spondyloarthritis. Atherogenic indexes are known with their role of predicting cardiovascular risk.Objectives:The aim of our study was to determine the relation between pro-inflammatory cytokines and atherogenic indexes in spondyloarthritis.Methods:We performed a cross sectional study including 38 patients with spondyloarthritis according to ASAS criteria. For each patient we measured interleukin (IL)1, IL6, IL17, IL23 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, total Cholesterol (CT), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLc) and Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc). We also calculated the following ratios: CT/HDLc, TG/HDLc, LDLc/HDLc, and LogTG/HDLc.Disease activity was measured using ASDAS (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score) and BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index).Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.Results:The mean age were 45.4±12.5 years. There were 33 Male (sex ratio were 6.6).The mean C-reactive protein(CRP) were 29.6 ±40.34mg/L, mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) were 41±33.9mm.The mean ASDASCRP, BASDAI were 2.8±1.24, 3.7±2.12, respectively.Active disease were noted in 68 % of patients using ASDASCRP score.The mean IL1, IL6, IL17, IL23, TNF alpha were 11.6 ±25pg/ml, 15.4±45.9pg/ml, 84.6±77.9pg/ml, 15.3±15.26pg/ml, 25.3± 47.9pg/ml respectively.The mean CT,HDLc,LDLc, TG were 4.47±0.93mmol/l, 1.09±0.3mmol/L, 2.77±0.78mmol/L, 1.29±0.54mmol/L respectively.The mean CT/HDLc, TG/HDLc, LDL/HDLc, LogTG/HDLc were 4.28±1.26, 1.22±0.6, 2.7±1.06, 0.03±0.23, respectively.Correlations were found between TG/HDLC ratio and IL1 (p<0.01, r=0.515), IL6(p<0.05; r=0.407), Log TG/HDLc and IL1 (p< 0.05, r=0.369), and IL6(p<0.05; r=0.333)However, no correlations were noted between atherogenic indexes and IL7, IL17, IL23, TNFalpha.Conclusion:Our study showed a correlations between atherogenic indexes and both IL1 and IL6.These findings suggests that serum IL-6 and IL1 levels in spondyloarthritis contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease atherosclerosis.References:[1]Lau et al. Role of Adipokines in Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J. 2017; 81(7): 920-8.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Ammer, Luise Sophie, Esmeralda Oussoren, Nicole Maria Muschol, et al. "Hip Morphology in Mucolipidosis Type II." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3 (2020): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030728.
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Mucolipidosis type II (MLII) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by defective trafficking of lysosomal enzymes. Severe skeletal manifestations are a hallmark of the disease including hip dysplasia. This study aims to describe hip morphology and the natural course of hip pathologies in MLII by systematic evaluation of plain radiographs, ultrasounds and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An international two-centered study was performed by retrospective chart review. All MLII patients with at least one pelvic radiograph were included. A total of 16 patients were followed over a mean of 3.5 years (range 0.2–10.7 years). Typical age-dependent radiographic signs identified were femoral cloaking (7/16), rickets/hyperparathyroidism-like changes (6/16) and constrictions of the supra-acetabular part of the os ilium (16/16) and the femoral neck (7/16). The course of acetabular and migration indexes (AI, MI) significantly increased in female patients. However, in the overall group, there was no relevant progression of acetabular dysplasia with a mean AI of 23.0 (range 5°–41°) and 23.7° (range 5°–40°) at the first and last assessments, respectively. Better knowledge on hip morphology in MLII could lead to earlier diagnosis, improved clinical management and enables assessment of effects of upcoming therapies on the skeletal system.
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McClincy, Michael, James Wylie, Yi-Meng Yen, and Eduardo Novais. "BORDERLINE DYSPLASIA: ARE THESE HIPS ONLY MILDLY UNCOVERED?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl (2019): 2325967119S0013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00138.
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Background: Controversy surrounds classification and treatment of hips with a lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) between 18° and 25°. It remains undetermined as to whether open or arthroscopic procedures are best used to treat patients with borderline dysplasia. We hypothesized that patients with hip pain and borderline acetabular dysplasia have different features of acetabular morphology as determined by other relevant radiographic measures beyond the LCEA. Methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing hip preservation surgery between January 2010 and December 2015 with either periacetabular osteotomy(PAO) or hip arthroscopy with a LCEA between 18° and 25° was performed. Anteroposterior, Dunn lateral and false profile radiographs were used to measure LCEA, Tönnis Angle, anterior center edge angle (ACEA), anterior (AWI) and posterior (PWI) wall indexes, the femoral epiphyseal acetabular roof (FEAR) index, joint space width, crossover sign, posterior wall sign, P/A index, and femoral alpha angle. An agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis was then performed on the continuous radiographic variables to identify different subtypes of hip pathomorphology among this patient cohort. There were sex-specific trends in hip morphology. Therefore, we proceeded to perform separate cluster analyses for each sex. Results: Ninety-nine patients underwent surgery in the study period, 77 (78%) were female, and 81 (82%) of these had complete radiographic images for cluster analysis. Mean age was 22.6 years. Hip arthroscopy was performed in 41% of patients and periacetabular osteotomy was performed in 59% of patients. The ACEA (45%), FEAR Index (34%), and AWI (30%) were the most commonly abnormal radiographic parameters among all patients. In female patients, the ACEA (55%), FEAR Index (42%), and AWI (34%) were the most commonly abnormal radiographic parameters. In male patients, an insufficient PWI (48%) was the most common radiographic abnormality. For females, we identified three clusters representing different patterns of hip morphology: impingement morphology; lateral acetabular deficiency, and anterolateral acetabular deficiency (Table 1A). For males, we identified three clusters: postero-lateral acetabular deficiency with global cam morphology, postero-lateral acetabular deficiency with focal cam morphology, and lateral acetabular deficiency without cam morphology (Table 1B). Conclusions: A comprehensive evaluation of radiographic parameters in patients with LCEA 18-25° identifies sex-specific trends in hip morphology and shows a large proportion of dysplastic features among these patients. A thorough evaluation of all pelvic morphology, not just lateral coverage, should be considered when indicating these patients for hip preservation surgeries. Further studies are needed to investigate the outcomes of patients within each of the identified clusters to determine optimal treatment options for each group. [Table: see text][Table: see text]
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Takatori, Yoshio, Kazuya Ito, Muroto Sofue, et al. "Analysis of interobserver reliability for radiographic staging of coxarthrosis and indexes of acetabular dysplasia: a preliminary study." Journal of Orthopaedic Science 15, no. 1 (2010): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00776-009-1412-1.
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Lajolo, Carlo, Michele Giuliani, Massimo Cordaro, et al. "Two new oro-cervical radiographic indexes for chronological age estimation: A pilot study on an Italian population." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 20, no. 7 (2013): 861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2013.06.021.
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Junior, Antonio Carlos Cunha Lacreta, Washington Luiz Assunção Pereira, José Augusto Pereira Carneiro Muniz, Mariana Avelino de Souza Santos, Thâmira Mota, and Luthesco Haddad Lima Chalfun. "Bone Radiographic Changes in Slaughter Buffalos with Low Body Condition Index." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 45, no. 1 (2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.80472.
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Background: The largest buffalo herd in Brazil is located on the Island of Marajó, in the State of Pará, northern Brazil. The pastures of the Island of Marajó consist of low quality graminaceous plants, which are generally poor in protein and mineral content. Unbalanced diets associated with low quality pastures are responsible for latent, sub-clinical diseases and metabolic disorders in bovines which affect bone health, especially in periods such as pregnancy and lactation. The purpose of this study was to point out and to describe the radiographic bone changes of buffalos with low body index bred in extensive system and intended for slaughter on the Island of Marajó, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Radiographic examinations of anatomical pieces were obtained from 34 animals of buffalo species, with no distinction of gender, age, or breed. The animals were selected among those that were in the stockyard waiting for slaughtering for the obtainment of the anatomical pieces. For this selection, low physical condition was considered, which mainly included individuals with body condition indexes (ICC) of 1 and 2, on a scale of 1 to 5. From this selection, 98 anatomical pieces were obtained, which included: 28 sets of ribs, 20 femurs, 26 metacarpus, 7 mandibles, 3 radius and ulnas, 4 sets of vertebrae, 4 sets of metacarpus and phalanges, 1 tarsus and 1 set of tarsus and metatarsus. All the pieces were separated, identified, packed in plastic bag and forwarded to the radiographic study. At least one radiographic projection was obtained of each anatomical piece. These were identified, manually processed and stored for subsequent assessment. A single observer, in order to identify and to describe the bone radiographic changes, subjectively performed the radiographic assessment.Discussion: Bone changes were remarkable and in animals of this study, reinforcing the nutritional aspect as being of great importance for the perfect mineral homeostasis and for the osteoarticular system maintenance. Consistent radiographic findings with osteopenia are most often related to nutritional disorders that affect bone metabolism, mainly involving the homeostasis of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The nutritional hyperparathyroidism, more commonly reported in dogs, cats and exotic animals is a common example of these affections, in which the bone radiopacity reduction is the most evident radiographic aspect. Copper (Cu) deficiency has been correlated with osteochondrosis, epiphyseal fracture of the femoral head and degenerative arthropathy of the hip joint, and erosion of the articular cartilage in a deer (Cervu selaphus). Degenerative arthropathy through radiographs was also found in this study. From the bone radiographic analysis, it is concluded that the osteodystrophic diseases of buffalos raised in pasture system on the Island of Marajó, Pará, Brazil, present a variety of pathological conditions and the most commonly found were: osteoporosis characterized at the radiographic examination for the bone decreased radiopacity, change in bone trabeculae (medullary expansion) and cortical thinning, followed by pathological fractures with high incidence in the ribs. The low body condition, the underdevelopment and cachexia states of the animals in this study indicate the lack of an appropriate prophylactic conduct and a proper feed management. Therefore, the low reserves of P and Cu in the organism may have contributed to the osteoporotic process and, possibly, also to the protein-energy deficit, leading to secondary bone changes and causing a lack of productivity in the herd.
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Lorenzin, M., A. Ortolan, S. Vio, et al. "Biomarkers, imaging and disease activity indices in patients with early axial spondyloarthritis: the Italian arm of the SpondyloArthritis-Caught-Early (SPACE) Study." Reumatismo 69, no. 2 (2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/reumatismo.2017.977.
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The study aimed to evaluate biomarkers facilitating early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and correlations between them and disease activity parameters and imaging indexes. Patients with low back pain (LBP) (≥3 months, ≤2 years, onset ≤45 years) participating in the Italian arm of the SpondyloArthritis-Caught-Early SPACE study underwent a physical examination, questionnaires, laboratory tests, X-rays and MRI of the spine and sacroiliac joints (SIJ). An expert rheumatologist formulated axSpA diagnosis in accordance with Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria. Disease activity and physical functioning were assessed using imaging, clinical and serological indices. Spine and SIJ MRI and X-rays were scored independently by 2 readers using the SPARCC, mSASSS and NY-criteria. Patients were classified as: subjects with signs of radiographic sacroiliitis (r-axSpA), subjects with signs of sacroiliitis on SIJ-MRI but not on X-rays (nr-axSpA MRI SIJ+) or subjects with no signs of sacroiliitis on MRI/X-rays but with &gt;2 SpA features and signs of bone oedema on MRI spine (nr-axSpA MRI SIJ-/undifferentiated SpA). Significant differences were found in the prevalence of radiographic sacroiliitis, active sacroiliitis on MRI and SPARCC SIJ scores. Biomarker levels were not significantly increased in any of the patient groups. The correlations between IL-17 and IL-23 and other indices were not significant; correlations were found between IL-22 and BASFI, BASG1, HAQ, VAS pain, between mSASSS and MMP3, and between the latter and hsCRP. Although not significantly higher in any of the three groups, IL-22, MMP3 and hsCRP values were correlated with some disease activity indexes and with mSASSS. Large observational studies are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Song, Jian, Hong-Li Wang, Xiao-Sheng Ma, et al. "The value of radiographic indexes in the diagnosis of discogenic low back pain: a retrospective analysis of imaging results." Oncotarget 8, no. 36 (2017): 60558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18652.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiographic Indexes"
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Silva, Sara Helena Cabral. "Uso de métodos radiográficos quantitativos para deteção de doença cardíaca em gatos : um estudo retrospetivo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20626.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária<br>O exame radiográfico cardíaco, compreende uma avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa da silhueta cardíaca, vasos principais, pulmonares, e possíveis acumulações de fluído secundárias a congestão. O objetivo deste estudo retrospetivo é determinar a capacidade diagnóstica de diferentes Índices radiográficos na deteção de doença cardíaca (DC) felina. Como tal, selecionou-se uma amostra de 31 gatos, 10 normais (50% de cada género) e 21 com DC (62% machos, 38% fêmeas). No grupo de DC, criaram-se três subgrupos: DC com e sem dilatação do átrio esquerdo (DAE), e DC com envolvimento do coração direito, cada um destes detendo 10, 11 e 9 felinos, respetivamente. O subgrupo de DC com DAE foi novamente dividido em três graus de dilatação mediante o rácio AE/Ao, baseado na ecocardiografia: Ligeira (L) superior a 1,5, Moderada (M) entre 1,5 e 2, e Grave (S) maior que 2. Utilizou-se a projeção Laterolateral, efetuando-se as medições necessárias aos seguintes Índices Radiográficos: L; C; VHS; C x L; C x L/ S4; C x L/ T4; (C + L)/S4, onde L representa a largura da silhueta cardíaca, e C o comprimento; S4 e T4 o comprimento da quarta estérnebra e vértebra torácica, respetivamente. Realizaram-se testes de correlação entre DAE e os Índices, e, como objetivo basal, determinou-se o poder diagnóstico de cada um destes Índices na deteção de DC e dos vários subgrupos de DC, comparativamente ao grupo de gatos normais.
Todos os Índices apresentaram correlação significativa (P<0,05) com o rácio AE/Ao, detendo maior associação o C x L/S4 (ρ- 0,57) e (C + L)/S4 (ρ- 0,55). A radiografia revelou maior capacidade diagnóstica na deteção de DC com DAE e DC com envolvimento do coração direito. Na sinalização de DC com DAE o Índice com maior poder diagnóstico foi o VHS (AUC de 0,990) com valores cutoff de 8,5v e 8,9v, com sensibilidades e especificidades de 100%-90%, e 90%-100%, respetivamente. Logo de seguida, com AUC de 0,910, surgem o C x L/S4 e o C x L/T4, cujos cutoff foram de 16,2 cm e 21,1 cm (sensibilidade de 90%, e especificidade de 100% e 90%, respetivamente). Na identificação de DC com envolvimento direito os Índices com melhor aptidão foram C x L/T4 e C + L/S4 (AUC de 0,844) com cutoffs de 20,2 cm e 6,7; e 78%-100%, 78%-80% de sensibilidade-especificidade, respetivamente. Os novos Índices possuem melhor poder diagnóstico face ao VHS na deteção de DC com envolvimento direito, e DC sem DAE. Estes poderão ser aplicados como complemento ao VHS, frequentemente empregue na prática clínica, na tentativa de melhorar a informação diagnóstica obtida, particularmente nos casos sem DAE associada (embora com baixa capacidade), ou na DC com envolvimento direito, onde, superados os cutoffs obtidos, poderá alertar para uma análise mais detalhada do lado direito na ecocardiografia, ou de causas para esta alteração na radiografia. Contudo, apesar da radiografia constituir uma boa ferramenta inicial de screening/rastreio, exclusão de diferenciais e acompanhamento, a ecocardiografia continua a ser o gold standard na confirmação e caracterização do tipo de DC felina.<br>ABSTRACT - The cardiac radigraphic exam includes a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the cardiac silhouette, great vessels, pulmonary vessels, and possible accumulation of fluid secondary to congestion. The objective of this retrospective study is to assess the diagnostic capacity of different radiographic Indexes in the detection of feline heart disease (HD). As such, a sample of 31 cats, 10 normal (50% of each gender) and 21 with HD (62% male, 38% female) was selected. In the group of HD three subgroups were created: HD with and without left atrial dilation (LAD), HD with involvement of right heart, each one of these containing 10, 11 and 9 felines, respectively. The subgroup of HD with LAD was again divided in three degrees of dilation according to the ratio LA/Ao, based on echocardiography: Mild (L) greater than 1,5, Moderate (M) between 1,5 and 2, and Severe (S) bigger than 2. The Laterolateral projection was used, having taken place the measures necessary to the following radiograpic Indexes: L; C; VHS; C x L; C x L/ S4; C x L/ T4; (C + L)/S4, where L represents the width of the cardiac silhouette, and C the lenght; S4 and T4 the lenght of the fourth sternnebra and toracic vertebra, respectively. Correllation tests were performed between LAD and the Indexes, and, being the baseline objective, the diagnostic acuity of each of these Indexes was determined in the detection of HD and of the various subgroups of HD, comparing to the group of normal cats.
All the Indexes presented significant correlation (P<0,05) with the ratio LA/Ao, having greater association the C x L/S4 (ρ- 0,57) and (C + L)/S4 (ρ- 0,55). The radiography revealed better diagnostic capacity in the detection of HD with LAD and HD with right heart envolvement. In signaling HD with LAD, the VHS was the Index with bigger diagnostic power (AUC of 0,990), with cutoff values of 8,5v and 8,9v, with sensitivities and specificities of 100%-90%, and 90%-100%, repectively. Right after, with AUC of 0,910, apear the C x L/S4 and the C x L/T4, whose cutoff where 16,2 cm and 21,1 cm (sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 100% and 90%, respectively). In the identification of HD with right heart involvement the Indexes that showed best acuity were C x L/T4 and C + L/S4 (AUC of 0,844) with cutoffs of 20,2 cm and 6,7; and 78%-100%, 78%-80% of sensitivity-specitivity, respectively. The new Indexes possess better diagnostic power compared to the VHS in detecting HD with right heart involvement, and HD without LAD. These could be applied as a complement to VHS, frequently employed in clinical practice, as an atempt to improve the diagnostic information obtained, particularly in cases without LAD associated (though with low capacity), or in HD with right heart involvement, where, once surpassed the obtained cutoffs, could be useful to alert for a more detailed analysis of the right side in echocardiography or to causes for this alteration in the radiography. However, despite radiography being a good initial tool for screening, exclusion of differentials and monitoring, the ecocardiography still stands as the gold standard for confirmation and characterization of the feline HD type.<br>N/A
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Ariga, Eiji, Shigeki Ito, Shizuhiko Deji, Takuya Saze, and Kunihide Nishizawa. "Development of dosimetry using detectors of diagnostic digital radiography systems." American Association of Physicists in Medicine, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8818.
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Reddie, Lianne Catherine Rose. "A study of growth and development in the distal radius using the metaphyseal index." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-study-of-growth-and-development-in-the-distal-radius-using-the-metaphyseal-index(012d3c1d-8e2a-44ac-9b4f-dd3084e33714).html.
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Introduction: Metaphyseal inwaisting is a process that occurs during long bone growth and remodelling of epiphyses and results in a proportional increase in growth plate width (GPW) and a decrease in metaphyseal width (MW). The Metaphyseal Index (MI) compares GPW to MW, usually in the distal femur. However, due to bone-age assessments, the most commonly performed radiograph in children is that of the hand/forearm. Previous work showed that gymnasts have a more widened growth plate at the distal radius than normal children, but these studies did not quantify the morphological changes using the MI and pQCT measures. Previous studies have shown that the use of DXA hand/forearm images for the purposes of bone-age assessment were unreliable for children aged 11 and under. Aims: Examine distal radius morphology of 378 Normal subjects (155 male), 36 Gymnast subjects (15 male), 17 NF1 subjects (7 male) and 108 CDGP subjects (83male) to calculate the precision of MI, MW and GPW measurements, to determine a normal reference range for the MI in Normal subjects and use this to compare to the other 3 groups, and to compare longitudinal measurements. Also, to investigate whether DXA software upgrades have improved the ability to make TW3 bone-age assessments, to investigate how closely DXA compares with standard radiographs using 98 (38 male) DXA hand images and radiographs, and calculate the precision (CV%) of the GP and TW3 bone-age assessment methods. Methods: Anthropometric data, Tanner stage, posterior-anterior hand radiographs and pQCT scans of the non-dominant hand/forearm were obtained. MI was measured using a semi-automated computer-assisted method. Statistical analyses were used to compare males and females, and compare the Normal group to other groups. Also, DXA images and radiographs were assessed by the same assessor and the TW3 and GP bone-ageing methods were compared. A CV% was calculated for both comparisons. Results: The CV% of MI, MW and GPW = 1.05%, 0.92% and 1.28% respectively. MI of males and females was not statistically different in any group. The MI of Gymnasts was significantly lower than the Normal group (p = 0.008). The NF1 and CDGP groups were not significantly different from the Normal group. Longitudinal measurements indicated those with a low/high MI at the first visit were likely to have a low/high MI at the second visit, though occasionally the MI would decrease between visits. DXA bone age assessments proved to be reliable in subjects of all ages assessed in this study and showed a CV% only slightly higher than standard radiographs (CV = 2.95% DXA vs2.68% radiograph). The CV% of GP and TW3 methods = 2.68% & 1.61% respectively. Discussion: The CV% of MI, MW and GPW shows these methods to be very precise. The mean MI of gymnasts is significantly lower than in normal children due to a widening of the growth plate and not due to a reduction in metaphyseal width. Insufficient subject numbers and smaller age ranges, particularly in the Gymnast and NF1 groups may play a part in the non-significant differences between them and the Normal group. DXA CV% shows that DXA is almost interchangeable with standard radiographs. The TW3 and GP CVs% show that TW3 bone-age assessment is more precise than the GP method. This confirms the tight control that the MW and GPW have in proportion to each other. This is the first study to quantify changes in distal radius morphology in normal, athlete and disease groups, and create a range of normal reference values, which could be useful for future work in this area.
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Björkman, Jasmine. "Are there any difference between the levels of serum leptin, visceral fat area and body mass index in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, with and without radiographic changes?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36847.
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Lömäng, Magnus. "Undersökning av exponeringsindex för bildplattesystem inför optimeringsarbete." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2477.
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<p>The county hospital of Dalarna has for the last couple of years carried through a process of digitalization. The result is that within the county it exists image plate systems from two different manufacturers. In an attempt to create a tool for dose optimization and dose surveillance the county of Dalarna would like to investigate if the exposure index from Agfa and Fuji is suitable as a dose indicator. An investigation of the exposure index, S, from Fuji has already been done. This thesis has been continuing the investigation by evaluating the stability of the exposure index, lgM, from Agfa. Simultaneously an observation if there is a simple relation between the exposure indicators from Agfa and Fuji has been performed. The result showed that the average of lgM, for a set of images from the same type of examination, is appropriate as a dose indicator to the image plate for that specific examination type and X-ray equipment. The usefulness is linked to the same tube voltage and Speed Class for a specific examination, and is to a certain degree restricted by the collimating. There is a relation between the exposure index from Agfa and Fuji, and there is in a simple way possible to transform S-values to lgM-values for comparison. The relation turned out to be examination specific.</p>
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Olsson, Magnus. "Metod för dosoptimering av digitalt detektorsystem i klinisk drift." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2471.
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<p>The county of Dalarna is at present carrying through a process of digitalization where traditional x-ray film is being replaced with digital detectors. Earlier used methods for dose optimization turned out not being sufficient. This report presents a method to harmonize dose levels between x- ray sites equipped with Fujifilm imaging plate systems. An exposure index, S, related to the dose level of the examination is computed to every x-ray image. S turned out to be inversely proportional to the detector dose used at the examination. Detector dose is also the one simulated factor that doubtlessly affects S the most.There are however a lot of parameters, e.g difference between patients, that are not easily simulated even though they still have considerable affect. The method for harmonizing dose levels between x-ray sites are based on statistics of collected S-values for a kind of examination. The average of the collected S-values levels variations and is a more solid measure of the dose level for the examination. By means of this method the dose level of frontal images of the lungs at a site have been reduced by 30 per cent without endanger the diagnostic security.</p>
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Riedl, Susannah Christina. "The effects of gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) translocation on movements, reproductive activity, and body condition of resident and translocated individuals in Central Florida." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001681.
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Garba, Idris. "Computer tomography dose index for head CT in northern Nigeria." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1551.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of
Technology: Diagnostic Radiography, Department of Nursing and Radiography
in the Faculty of Health Wellness Sciences at Cape Peninsula University of
Technology
2014<br>Aim: The aim of this study was to record the values of CTDIw and DLP displayed on
the Computed Tomography (CT) scanner monitors of patients undergoing CT
examinations of the head as Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRL) for dose
optimisation in Northern Nigeria.
Background: A brain CT scan is the most common CT examination performed, and
this modality is recognized as delivering a high dose. CT, therefore, contributes
significantly to the total collective effective dose to the population. Elimination of
unnecessary or unproductive radiation exposure is necessary. To achieve this,
practitioners must adhere to the principles of the justification of practices, and
optimisation of radiation protection. Furthermore, the development of DRLs for the
local context is advised. These reference doses are a guide to the expected exposure
dose from a procedure and are useful as an investigation tool to identify incidences
where patient doses are unusually high.
Methodology: The study was conducted in three radiology departments with CT
centres in Northern Nigeria. Data was collected, using a purposive sampling
technique, from 60 consenting adult participants (weighing 70 ±3 kg) that had brain
CT scans on seventh generations 4&16-slice GE and 16-slice Philips CT scanners.
Prior to commencement of the study the CT scanners were certified by the medical
physicists. For each brain scan, patient information, exposure factors, weighted
computed tomography dose index (CTDIw), volume computed tomography dose
index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) values were recorded. The data were
analysed using SPSS version (16) statistical software. The mean, standard deviation
and third quartile values of the CTDIw and DLP were calculated. An inter-comparison
of the measured doses from the three research sites was conducted. A combined dose
for the three centres was calculated, and compared with the reported data from the
international communities where there are established DRLs.
Results: The mean CTDIw and DLP values were: centre A (88 mGy and 713
mGy.cm), centre B (68 mGy and 1098 mGy.cm), and centre C (70 mGy and 59
mGy.cm). Comparison of CTDIw and DLP for the scanners of the same
manufacturers showed statistically significant differences (p=0.003) and (p=0.03)
respectively. In the case of the scanners of a different model but the same number of
slices, the comparison of DLP was statistically significant (p=0.005) while no
significant difference was noted in the measured CTDIw. Third quartile values of the
cumulative doses of CTDIw and DLP, for Northern Nigeria were determined as 77
mGy and 985 mGy.cm respectively.
Conclusion: The study has established Local DRLs (LDRLs) which are significantly
higher than most of the reported data in the literature. Also dose variation between
centres was noted. Optimization is thus recommended.
Keywords: Head Imaging, Radiation Dose, Dose optimization, Computed
Tomography, Local Diagnostic Reference Levels, Radiation Protection
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Faria, Paulo José de Vasconcelos. ""Prevalência das anomalias dentárias obsevadas em crianças de 5 a 12 anos de idade no Município de Belém - um estudo radiográfico"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23138/tde-22102003-092445/.
Full textAbstract:
RESUMO Os índices de prevalência das anomalias dentárias, sua distribuição por sexo, idade, arcada e lado têm variado de um autor para outro, e também, de acordo com a população pesquisada. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Belém, onde foram avaliadas 500 radiografias panorâmicas, de crianças de ambos os sexos, com a finalidade de se identificar a ocorrência das seguintes anomalias : Anodontia, Taurodontia, Dentes não irrompidos, Microdontia, Macrodontia, Dentes supranumerários e Geminação. Foi objetivo desta pesquisa, a partir das radiografias analisadas, buscar a caracterização das crianças avaliadas, possibilitando o diagnóstico, o mais precoce possível, facilitando as soluções terapêuticas. A análise dos resultados aferidos permite inferir que a amostra pesquisada apresenta traços característicos. Foram analisadas 500 radiografias panorâmicas, de 240 crianças do sexo masculino e 260 crianças do sexo feminino, sendo encontrados 118 casos de anomalias, perfazendo um prevalência de 16%.De acordo com as anomalias pesquisadas encontrou - se as seguintes prevalências: Anodontia (5,4%), Taurodontia (1,0%), Dentes não irrompidos (4,2%), Microdontia (2,0%), Macrodontia (0,6%), Dentes supranumerários (2,4%) e Geminação (0,4%).<br>SUMMARY The rates of Dental prevalence of anomalies, its distribution per sex, age, arcade e side varies from author to author, and also according to the researched population. For this research was developed in the city of Belém where, 500 panoramic radiographies of children of both sexes were inspected in order to identify the happening of the following anomalies : Anodontia, Taurodontia, Unbroken out teeth, Microdontia, Macrodontia,Supernumerary teeth, Gemination. The purpose of this research, after the study of the radiographies, was to develop the haracterization of the appraised children in order to determine the therapeutic solutions.The analysis of the gauged results allows the conclusion that the researched sample presents characteristic features.There were found 118 cases of anomalies, completing a prevalence of 16%. According to the anomalies researched there were found the following prevalence rates : Anodontia ( 5,4% ), Taurodontia ( 1,0% ), Unbroken out teeth ( 4,2% ), Microdontia ( 2,0% ), Macrodontia ( 0,6% ) and Gemination ( 0,4% ).
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Evans, Patrícia Luise Scabell. "Condições de saúde bucal em atletas dos XV Jogos Pan-Americanos e III Jogos Parapan-Americanos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2007." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3491.
Full textAbstract:
O estudo epidemiológico transversal randomizado objetivou avaliar condições de saúde bucal nos competidores dos XV Jogos Pan-Americanos (JPA) e III Jogos Parapan-Americanos (JPPA), 2007. Foram enviados convites para 5.662 atletas (JPA) e 1.300 (JPPA). Radiografias panorâmicas digitais (RPD) foram utilizadas para o exame de triagem nos 2 eventos, e nos JPPA, os atletas também foram submetidos à avaliação do sangramento gengival interdental (SI) através de uma versão modificada do Índice de Sangramento Interdental de Eastman (EIBI). Foram obtidas RPDs de 410 atletas dos JPA, média de idade 24,38 (dp5,35), 55% homens; e de 118 dos atletas dos JPPA, média de idade de 32,3 (dp9,53), 77,97% homens. 121 competidores (JPPA) foram avaliados para SI: 78,51% homens, média de idade 32,6(dp9,6), e foram separados em grupos (G), conforme sua deficiência física: GI c/ deficiência visual (DV), com 2 subgrupos: GI-a: DV tardia e GI-c-: DV congênita/precoce; GII- deficiência de membro superior; com 1 subgrupo: GII-t: deficiência/ausência bilateral; GIII- deficiência de membro inferior (grupo controle). As RPDs foram examinadas por 1 examinador com o Kodak Dental Imaging(v6.7). A frequência e a distribuição do SI foram calculadas, e os grupos foram comparados. Resultados da triagem com RPDs, representados por número de observações(média por atleta) JPA//número de observações(média por atleta JPPA: Dentes erupcionados/ hígidos: 9097(22,19)//2451(20,77); Ausentes: 803(1,96 //405(3,43); Não erupcionados ou impactados: 330(0,80)//52(0,44); Parcialmente erupcionados e/ou hígidos: 109(0,27)//20(0,17); Cárie extensa: 261(0,64)//62(0,53); Cárie extensa e lesão periapical: 96(0,23)//50(0,42); Tratamento endodôntico e lesão periapical: 24(0,06)//13(0,11); Restaurados: 2298(5,60)//670(5,68); Imagens radiolúcidas patológicas circunscritas: 23(0,06)//0; Raízes-residuais: 27(0,07)//22(0,19); Implantes:6(0,01)//5(0,04); Dentes anteriores fraturados: 13 (0,03)//3(0,03); Molares bandados: 26(0,06)//11(0,09); Dentes anômalos: 7(0,02)//12(0,10). Resultados para SI: G-I>G-III (p=0.0002);GI-c>GI-a (p=0,042). Homens exibiram > freqüência de SI (3,6%+1,7) que mulheres (0,8%+0,5), p<0,01. Conclusões: Os dados das 2 populações de atletas mostraram que há uma grande variação na saúde bucal entre os indivíduos avaliados. Diversas condições com potencial de influenciar o desempenho esportivo dos atletas foram detectadas através de radiografias panorâmicas digitais, sugerindo que um programa de saúde bucal deve ser incluído como parte da preparação destes indivíduos.A avaliação da frequência e distribuição de sangramento gengival interdental em uma população de atletas que competiu nos III Jogos Parapan-Americanos, revelou que o tipo de deficiência ou limitação física dos competidores é um fator que influencia na saúde gengival desses indivíduos. O planejamento de um programa de saúde bucal para esta população deve ser adaptado às diferentes limitações de cada atleta.<br>This randomized cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to assess oral health status of athletes competing at the XV-Pan-American-Games (PAG) and III-Parapan-American-Games (PPAG), 2007). Invitations were sent to 5,662 athletes (PAG), and 1,300 (PPAG). Digital panoramic radiographs (DPRs) were used for screening recruited contestants in both events, and a modified version of Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index (EIBI), for screening interdental gingival bleeding (IB) among athletes at PPAG. DPR were taken from 410 athletes (PAG), mean age 24.38(sd5.35), 55% males; and from 118 contestants (PPAG), mean age 32.3(sd9.53), 77.97% males. At PPAG, 121 contestants were also screened for IB: 78.51% males, mean age 32.6(sd9.6) and were separated in groups according to their physical impairment: GI visually impaired (VI), with 2 subgroups: GI-a- w/ late acquired VI, and GI-c- w/ either congenital or early acquired VI; GII- w/ impaired upper limb; with 1 subgroup: GII-t- with bilateral impairment or absent limbs; GIII, with lower limb impairment (control group). DPR were examined, by a single examiner, with Kodak Dental Imaging Software(v6.7). Groups were compared for frequency and distribution of IB. Results for DPR screenings are presented as: number of observations (average per athlete)for PAG//number of observations (average per athlete) for PPAG.Totally erupted/sound teeth: 9097 (22.19)// 2451(20.77); Absent: 803(1.96)//405(3.43); Nonerupted/ Impacted: 330(0.80)//52(0.44); Partly erupted/sound: 109(0.27)//20 (0.17); Extensive carious lesion: 261(0.64)//62 (0.53); Extensive carious lesion+periapical lesion: 96(0.23)//50 (0.42); Endodontic Treatment+PeriapicalLesion: 24(0.06)//13 (0.11); Restored: 2298 (5.60)//670(5.68); Circunscribed pathological radiolucencies: 23(0.06)//0; Residual roots: 27(0.07)//22 (0.19); Dental Implants: 6(0.01)//5(0.04); Fractures: 13(0.03)//3(0.03); Molars with orthodontic band: 26 (0.06)//11(0.09); Anomalous teeth: 7(0.02)//12(0.1). Results for IB showed statistically significant differences as: GI>GIII (p=0.0002); GI-c>GI-a (p=0.042). Males showed higher frequency of IB (3.6%+1.7) than females (0.8%+0,5), p<0.01. In conclusion: Data of the 2 populations of athletes showed that there is a great variance on the oral health among the evaluated individuals. Several conditions that might have a potencial influence on the performance of the athletes were detected with the aid of digital panoramic radiographs, and this suggests that an oral health program should be included as part of the preparation of those individuals. The evaluation of the frequency and distribution of interdental gingival bleeding in a population of athletes that participated in the III Parapan-American Games, revealed that the kind of physical impairment is a factor that influences the gingival health of these individuals. The planning of an oral health program for this population should be adapted to the different limitations of each athlete.
Books on the topic "Radiographic Indexes"
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Cruz, Andrea T., and Jeffrey R. Starke. Central Nervous System Tuberculosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0154.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a common cause of bacterial meningitis in areas with high HIV prevalence and its diagnosis often is delayed in industrialized nations. Children (particularly infants) and immunocompromised persons are at higher risk of developing TB meningitis. Lymphocytic meningitis, high CSF protein, and (in children) frequently an abnormal chest radiograph should raise clinician index of suspicion for TB meningitis. Neuroimaging may show hydrocephalus, basilar leptomeningeal enhancement, ischemia, and/or tuberculomas. Prompt recognition and initiation of antituberculous antibiotics and corticosteroids can decrease morbidity and mortality.
Book chapters on the topic "Radiographic Indexes"
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Pettersson, Holger, and Hans Ringertz. "EX3 Metacarpal index/age [radiography]." In Measurements in Pediatric Radiology. Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1844-2_29.
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Pettersson, Holger, and Hans Ringertz. "PH1 Iliac angle and iliac index/age [radiography]." In Measurements in Pediatric Radiology. Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1844-2_20.
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Irrera, Paolo, Isabelle Bloch, and Maurice Delplanque. "A Landmark-Based Approach for Robust Estimation of Exposure Index Values in Digital Radiography." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24571-3_75.
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Christopher Aranha Watanabe, Plauto, Giovani Antonio Rodrigues, Marcelo Rodrigues Azenha, et al. "Bone Quality of the Dento-Maxillofacial Complex and Osteoporosis. Opportunistic Radiographic Interpretation." In Osteoporosis - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96487.
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Research suggests the use of different indexes on panoramic radiography as a way to assess BMD and to be able to detect changes in bone metabolism before fractures occur. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to describe the use of these parameters as an auxiliary mechanism in the detection of low bone mineral density, as well as to characterize the radiographic findings of patients with osteoporosis.
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"Digital Radiography Considerations." In Index of Medical Imaging. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444340990.ch2.
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"Plain Radiography Projections." In Index of Medical Imaging. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444340990.ch3.
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"Named Radiography Projections." In Index of Medical Imaging. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444340990.ch4.
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"Mobile Radiography and Fluoroscopy." In Index of Medical Imaging. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444340990.ch6.
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"Index." In La Radiographie Thoracique Facile. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-71101-5.50018-x.
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"Index." In Radiographie et Radiologie Dentaires. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-74352-8.09988-3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Radiographic Indexes"
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Abbruzzese, Kevin, Richard O’Laughlin, Daniel Lee, D. Gordon Allan, and Manish Paliwal. "The Effect of Cement Viscosity in Total Knee Arthroplasty." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89094.
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Aseptic loosening of the tibial implant remains one of the major reasons of failure in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Currently, there is no consensus on the role that cement viscosity at the time of application to the bone plays in ensuring the long-term success of the arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cement viscosity and aseptic loosening of tibial implants. Three cements (Depuy 2, Palacos R (high viscosity cements) and Simplex-P, a medium viscosity cement) were compared during TKA through radiographic analysis and mechanical loading tests using surrogate tibia. Cement penetration was measured from radiographs of the constructs and analyzed according to the Knee Society Total Knee Arthroplasty Roentgenographic Evaluation System. Simplex-P had the maximum cumulative penetration in seven zones in the mediolateral view, and three zones in antero-posterior view. Simplex exhibited maximum penetration in zone 7 in the antero-posterior view, and in zone 3 in the lateral view. For the mechanical tests the TKA constructs were subjected to cyclic compressive loading in the sagittal plane. Simplex-P had the smallest micro-motion in sagittal plane, the results were significant when compared to Palacos R. The consistently superior performance of Simplex-P suggests that cement viscosity does indeed play a role in arthroplasty success. These results have direct clinical relevance for TKA patients suffering from aseptic loosening.
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Ogawa, Eiji, and Kazuo Shimura. "Appearance matching of radiographic images using lightness index." In Medical Imaging '99, edited by Elizabeth A. Krupinski. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.349656.
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Candemir, Sema, Stefan Jaeger, Wilson Lin, Zhiyun Xue, Sameer Antani, and George Thoma. "Automatic heart localization and radiographic index computation in chest x-rays." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Georgia D. Tourassi and Samuel G. Armato. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2217209.
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Kundel, Harold L. "Disease prevalence and the index of detectability: a survey of studies of lung cancer detection by chest radiography." In Medical Imaging 2000, edited by Elizabeth A. Krupinski. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.383100.
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Larson, Theodore, Alfred Franzblau, Vinicius Antao, and Alyson Goodman. "Impact Of Body Mass Index On The Performance Of Film And Digital Chest Radiographs For Detection Of Localized Pleural Thickening." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3230.
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Rodríguez Pérez, Sunay, Nicholas W. Marshall, Lara Struelens, Hilde Bosmans, and Philippe Moussalli. "System detective quantum efficiency (DQESYS) as an index of performance for chest radiography system (bucky and bedside) at four patient equivalent thicknesses." In Physics of Medical Imaging, edited by Hilde Bosmans, Guang-Hong Chen, and Taly Gilat Schmidt. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2512167.
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Kiltz, Uta, Désirée van der Heijde, Annelies Boonen, et al. "AB1321 PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE ASAS HEALTH INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE AS/RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPA WHO HAVE PRIOR INADEQUATE RESPONSE/INTOLERANCE TO TNF INHIBITORS IN A PHASE 3 TRIAL." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.1615.
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Macdonald, Kenneth A., and Craig Russell. "Design and Welding Challenges in the Infield Flowlines of the Encana Deep Panuke Development." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31626.
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Designing and constructing subsea flowlines to address the implications of aggressive hydrocarbon well fluids — and selecting suitably corrosion-resistant materials for such applications — typically proves challenging and often leads to the specification of clad, lined, or solid corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) linepipe materials. Design and construction guidance for such flowline systems is presently not comprehensive in offshore pipeline standards, even for cases where the thickness of the CRA layer is ignored in the structural design. Acergy are designing, procuring and installing a series of technically challenging infield flowlines within the Encana Deep Panuke gas prospect located off the coast of Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Presently being developed, first gas from the Deep Panuke field is scheduled for the third quarter of 2010 following the tie-in of the infield flowlines to their respective subsea production wellheads. These flowlines are to be installed using the Acergy Falcon, a vessel which has an installation system based on a variable angle J-lay principle and plastic deformation of the pipe. The four 8in production flowlines are clad linepipe comprising a 12.5 mm WT grade 415 (X60) carbon steel substrate with an internal 2.5mm Incoloy Alloy 825 clad layer that is metallurgically bonded to the mother pipe. The single 3in acid gas flowline is solid Inconel Alloy 625. The nominal level of installation plastic strain for the project ranges up to 1.675% in the case of the 8in line. Both lines will be welded by manual GTAW using Inconel 686 filler material. The pipelines are designed and fabricated in accordance with DNV OS-F101 supplemented by new guidance emerging from a DNV joint industry project on clad and lined materials. Metallurgically clad and mechanically bonded (lined) products present a mixture of common and unique challenges when designing and welding flowlines. The existing production limits for pipe dimensions in clad material have for some time now existed on the very cusp of design requirements, especially when using only the thickness of the steel substrate to resist the design loads. Indeed, recently the design demands of some projects have clashed with the available linepipe geometry and the mechanical properties of the clad layer material have of necessity been taken account of in the structural design. The dominant offshore design code, DNV OS-F101, is presently unable to offer specific guidance for including the clad layer and it is only in 2009 that joint industry research has established a viable design methodology for pressure containment wall thickness design which includes the strength effect of the clad layer. In addition to discussing the Deep Panuke design challenges and the welding philosophy for clad pipe, this paper also draws on approaches to welding and NDT successfully taken for the Statoil Tyrihans project in Norway, which used lined pipe material. The general welding philosophy adopted accommodates the continued inability of AUT systems to reliably inspect CRA weldments without false indications from normal metallurgical weld features. A proven approach is taken using intermediate inspection of the root and hot pass using real-time radiography (RTR); effecting any repairs needed; and then re-inspecting the weld upon fill and completion using RTR again. The importance of — and difficulty in — achieving adequate weld metal yield strength in CRA weldments is also discussed.