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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiographic pattern'
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Lacava, Giuseppe, Eric Zini, Federica Marchesotti, et al. "Computed tomography, radiology and echocardiography in cats naturally infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, no. 4 (2016): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x16636419.
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Objectives The aims of the study were to describe the radiographic and computed tomographic features in cats naturally infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, and to identify signs of pulmonary hypertension with echocardiography. Methods Fourteen cats positive on Baermann test for A abstrusus were included in the study. All cats underwent thoracic radiography, CT and echocardiography. Results The most common clinical signs were coughing (10/14) and dyspnoea (5/14). Radiographic findings included a generalised unstructured interstitial pulmonary pattern (8/14), mixed bronchointerstitioalveolar pattern (3/14) and bronchointerstitial pattern with bronchial wall thickening (3/14). Sternal lymphadenopathy was detected on thoracic radiographs in six cats. On CT, features were mixed bronchointerstitioalveolar pattern with ground-glass appearance in six cats, interstitioalveolar with multiple pulmonary nodules in five, interstitial ground-glass infiltrates in three, regional lymph node enlargement in 11 (10 sternal, three cranial mediastinal and three tracheobronchial lymph nodes) and subpleural thickening in four. None of the thoracic radiographs revealed subpleural thickening. In all cases, pulmonary vessels were normal in terms of size, shape and attenuation on both radiography and CT. Pulmonary hypertension and cardiac abnormalities were not observed in any cat during echocardiography. Conclusions and relevance CT provided a more thorough characterisation of pulmonary and mediastinal lesions compared with thoracic radiographs in cats naturally infected with A abstrusus. Although feline aelurostrongylosis has been previously associated with histopathological lesions in lung arteries, in this cohort clinical evidence of pulmonary hypertension was not documented.
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Traslaviña, Julián A., Manuel M. Martínez, Maria J. Olivera, and Ramón M. Balsalobre. "Comparative study of transthoracic ultrasound and chest X-ray in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 9 (2017): 2925. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20173872.
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Background: Chest radiography is currently the reference technique in postoperative follow-up of thoracic surgery. However, routine use (almost daily) has been repeatedly questioned. Moreover, transthoracic ultrasound, besides being a useful technique in pleuropulmonary pathology offers additional advantages over the radiograph. The aim of this study is to analyse the diagnostic agreement between radiographic and ultrasound techniques in the postoperative follow-up of thoracic surgery.Methods: Observational, prospective study, in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery, to study the concordance between the ultrasound and radiographic findings. Sixty patients were evaluated during the postoperative period with the two diagnostic tests, first the lung ultrasound of the 2 hemithorax and then the chest radiograph. Each patient had an ultrasound and an X-ray. The sonographer and radiologist have independently assessed the occurrences of pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation, and interstitial pattern.Results: The Cohen kappa index for pneumothorax was 0.706 (p <0.001), for pleural effusion 0.588 (p <0.001), for interstitial pattern 0.471 (p <0.001) and for pulmonary consolidation 0.282 (p 0.002).Conclusions: The diagnostic concordance between radiographic and ultrasound techniques in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery is substantial for pneumothorax, pleural effusion and interstitial pattern, and fair for pulmonary consolidation.
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Korstjens, C. M., L. Mosekilde, R. J. Spruijt, W. G. M. Geraets, and P. F. van der Stelt. "Relations between Radiographic Trabecular Pattern and Biomechanical Characteristics of Human Vertebrae." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 3P2 (1996): 618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960373p240.
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Purpose: Relations between the radiographic trabecular pattern and the biomechanical characteristics of bone were studied. Material and Methods: The material comprised L2 and L3 vertebral bodies of 14 individuals (aged 22–76 years; 6 women and 8 men). Compressive strength and ash density of the complete L2 vertebral body were determined. Of the L3 vertebral body, ash density and compressive strength in both horizontal and vertical directions were measured on cylinders of merely trabecular bone. Radiographs were taken of a midsagittal slice of L3 vertebrae. They were digitized to measure trabecular bone geometry and orientation. The procedure was repeated several times to obtain reliable measures. Results: The radiographic trabecular pattern was significantly related to compressive strength, ash density and age. One of the radiographic geometric features in particular seems to offer information concerning the structural integrity of the trabecular architecture. Conclusion: Analysis of the radiographic trabecular pattern appears to be a promising technique for prediction of trabecular bone strength.
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Shah, Shreyas Predeepkumar, NB Praveen, Vaseemuddin Syed, and AR Subhashini. "Elongated Styloid Process: A Retrospective Panoramic Radiographic Study." World Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 4 (2012): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1181.
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ABSTRACT The styloid process is a cylindrical, long cartilaginous bone which arises from the temporal bone in front of the stylomastoid foramen. In the present study, our aim is to investigate the number of asymptomatic styloid process elongation (SPE) in relation to gender, type of elongation and calcification pattern in patients visited to maxillofacial radiology department. We have investigated styloid process using panoramic radiographs taken of 517 patients referred to our hospital. A total of 80 patients (15.47%) had elongated styloid processes (ESPs); 31 patients were female (38.75%) and 49 were male (61.25%). Among the ESPs Type I was the most frequent pattern of SPE (65.85%), then Type II (18.29%) and Type III (15.85%) pattern of elongation. The most frequent pattern of calcification was calcified outline (40.64%) then partially calcified (29.14%), nodular calcification (17.11%) and completely calcified (13.10%). From this study it was concluded that the panoramic radiography can be used for diagnosis of ESP but the norms which explain ESP are needed to be re-evaluated. How to cite this article Shah SP, Praveen NB, Syed V, Subhashini AR. Elongated Styloid Process: A Retrospective Panoramic Radiographic Study. World J Dent 2012;3(4):316-319.
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Sides, D., A. Laorr, and A. Greenspan. "Carpal scaphoid: radiographic pattern of dislocation." Radiology 195, no. 1 (1995): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.195.1.7892472.
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Geraets, Wil G. M., and Paul F. Van der Stelt. "Analysis of the radiographic trabecular pattern." Pattern Recognition Letters 12, no. 9 (1991): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(91)90168-l.
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Inagaki, H., R. Nakamura, E. Horii, E. Nakao, and M. Tatebe. "DIFFERENCES IN RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS BETWEEN SCAPHOID FRACTURE PATTERNS." Hand Surgery 09, no. 02 (2004): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810404002364.
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Scaphoid fracture patterns can be divided into volar and dorsal type using three-dimensional computed tomography. Ninety-nine patients underwent this examination plus radiography to determine how often fracture pattern was identifiable by radiography including proximal fragment ratio (PFR) measurement. Oblique radiographs obtained at 45° of pronation demonstrated a volar displacement in 28 of 37 volar type fractures in three-dimensional computed tomography (76%), while as oblique view with 45° of supination could identify the dorsal type in ten of 18 (56%). PFR showed a significant difference, with means of 0.59 for volar type and 0.43 for dorsal type. Using oblique views in the two rotational directions together with the PFR, the two fracture patterns could be differentiated in 35 of 43 fractures (81%). No differences were evident between the two fracture patterns with respect to prevalence of dorsal intercalated segment instability deformity.
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Tan, Victoria, Nathan Evaniew, Karen Finlay, et al. "Chronology of the Radiographic Appearances of the Calcium Sulfate-Calcium Phosphate Synthetic Bone Graft Composite following Resection of Bone Tumors: A Follow-up Study of Postoperative Appearances." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 67, no. 1 (2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2014.11.004.
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Purpose The objective of the study was to characterize the radiographic appearance of graft resorption and new bone incorporation into a postresection defect of the calcium-sulfate calcium-phosphate synthetic bone graft composite following resection of benign bone tumours. Methods Twenty-five patients who underwent treatment with the CaSO4/CaPO4 synthetic graft following bone tumour resection were retrospectively identified from our oncology database. Postoperative radiographs were assessed for: 1) combined partial graft resorption and ingrowth at the graft site; 2) complete graft resorption with complete incorporation of new bone into the defect. After chronologically grouping radiographs, the volume of graft material used to fill bony defects, radiographic evidence of complications, and patterns of resorption were recorded. Results Partial resorption of graft material/partial ingrowth of new bone was seen in 21 patients at 2.5 months postoperatively. Complete resorption of graft with complete new bone incorporation at the graft site was seen in 94% of cases (15 of 16) by 10 months after surgery. Mean time to complete incorporation of new bone was 6.7 months. Time to resorption of the graft with new bone ingrowth was found to be related to the volume of graft used with smaller volumes showing earlier resorption. For all cases demonstrating resorption (21 of 21), the pattern observed was peripheral to central. Five patients developed complications, including tumour recurrence, cyst formation, and graft site infection. Conclusion Our study suggests a characteristic time and volume related radiographic pattern of resorption and new bone ingrowth with the CaSO4/CaPO4 synthetic graft. Findings that deviate from this pattern may represent complication and warrant additional follow-up.
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Ruttimann, U. E. "Computer-Based Reconstruction and Temporal Subtraction of Radiographs." Advances in Dental Research 1, no. 1 (1987): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374870010011601.
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The most important physical parameter limiting the diagnostic performance achieved with radiographic images is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In most dental applications, the normal anatomical structures contribute to a background pattern in the image that is limiting the SNR attainable. Hence, the projection direction of radiographs is a fundamental determinant of the SNR. The acquisition of a basis set of projection images obtained from a plurality of spatially registered sampling directions permits the reconstruction of any desired slice lying within a limited volume by tomosynthesis. Alternatively, the multi-projection strategy permits synthesis of any arbitrary radiographic image whose projection direction lies within the cone spanned by the basis projection directions. This feature can be used to synthesize a desired image at the proper projection angle required for meaningful subtraction from a previously obtained radiograph, and thus to suppress anatomy-related background variations.
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Prodhan, Md Rubayet Alam, Md Shahidul Islam, Rifat Rezwana, and Md Moynul Hasan. "Pattern of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Teeth in Rangpur Region, Bangladesh: A Radiological Evaluation." KYAMC Journal 12, no. 1 (2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v12i1.53360.
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Background: Third molar is the most commonly impacted tooth in the oral cavity and accounts for large of all impactions. The most common complication in the extraction of the third mandibular molars is nerve and vessels damage. Therefore, thorough radiographic assessment is a necessary to avoid these surgical complications.
 Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency, angulation, depth of the impacted mandibular third molars and its relationship with ramus on radiographs.
 Materials and Methods: This study comprised 800 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients attending different dental clinics and hospitals in Rangpur region, Bangladesh between June 2014 to May 2015. Panoromic Radiographic assessment was carried out to evaluate the pattern of third molar impaction in terms of age, gender, angulation of impaction, level of eruption and available retromolar space using panoramic radiographs and Pell & Gregory classification.
 Results: A total of 314 radiographic third molar areas were found in this study, out of them 137 belong to male patients and 177 belong to the female patients. The mesio angular types of angulation was most prevalent (46%) whereas distoangular was rare (5%) in our study. In relation to anterior border of the ramus of mandible Level B 52% and Class II 59% were the most common pattern of impaction. The female tends to be dominant as compared to male & the maximum number (35%) of impacted third molars are found in an age group of 38 years and above.
 Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs can be used as reliable investigation for evaluation of impacted mandibular third molar.
 KYAMC Journal.2021;12(01): 08-13
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Fahim, A., and M. N. Khan. "An unusual cause of miliary radiographic pattern." Case Reports 2011, dec05 1 (2011): bcr1020115060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr.10.2011.5060.
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Geraets, W. G. M., P. F. Van der Stelt, and P. J. M. Elders. "The radiographic trabecular bone pattern during menopause." Bone 14, no. 6 (1993): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(93)90315-2.
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Mortazavi, Hamed, Yaser Safi, Somayeh Rahmani, and Kosar Rezaeifar. "Oral Hard Tissue Lesions: A Radiographic Diagnostic Decision Tree." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, F (2020): 180–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4722.
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BACKGROUND: Focusing on history taking and an analytical approach to patient’s radiographs, help to narrow the differential diagnoses.
 AIM: This narrative review article aimed to introduce an updated radiographical diagnostic decision tree for oral hard tissue lesions according to their radiographic features.
 METHODS: General search engines and specialized databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and authenticated textbooks were used to find relevant topics by means of MeSH keywords such as “jaw diseases,” “maxilla,” “mandible,” “radiolucent,” “radiopaque,” “odontogenic,” “nonodontogenic,” “cysts,” and “tumors.” Related English-language articles published from 1973 to 2020, including reviews, meta-analyses, and original papers (randomized or non-randomized clinical trials; prospective; or retrospective cohort studies), case reports, and case series about oral hard tissue lesions were appraised.
 RESULTS: In this regard, bony lesions have been classified according to their radiographic pattern (radiolucent, mixed, radiopaque, and rarified), position (periapical, pericoronal and interradicular), margins (well and ill-defined), relation to dentition (with and without dental association), and number (solitary and multiple). In total, 50 entities were organized in the form of a decision tree.
 CONCLUSION: In this paper, an updated decision tree was proposed to help dental practitioners to make more accurate diagnoses and better treatment plans on the basis of radiographic characteristics.
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Sulaiman, Stephanie Christina, Lulus Handayani, M. Yamin S.S., and Soedarsono Soedarsono. "Gambaran Radiografi Tuberkulosis Paru Multidrug-Resistant: Studi Retrospektif di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Soetomo Surabaya." Jurnal Respirasi 4, no. 3 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jr.v4-i.3.2018.71-75.
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Background: Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major health problem worldwide. Prompt diagnosis is necessary for insuring appropriate therapy to lower morbidity and mortality, as well as to prevent disease transmission. Determination of drug-resistance patterns through microbiological examination is sometimes challenging, especially when the sputum acid-fast bacilli smear is negative. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate whether there may be radiographic patterns suggesting MDR-TB infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the radiographic features of MDR-TB. Methods: From September 2015 to March 2018, 167 patients with microbiologically proven MDR-TB were enrolled in the study. All radiographs were obtained before the patients received MDR-TB chemotherapy regimen. Posterior-anterior chest radiography was performed using digital radiography system (Hitachi Radnext50 500mAs) and retrospectively reviewed as digital raw data. Results: Based on severity category, 60% had severe lesion, 31% had moderate lesion, and only 9% had mild lesion. The most frequently observed findings were ground glass opacity or consolidation, noted in 96% patients, with bilateral lung involvement in 81% patients; fibrosis (95%), cavity (78%; 87% of which were multiple), interstitial opacities (53%), pleural thickening and mediastinal shift (59%). Other radiological findings were calcification (16%), emphysema (13%), lung destruction (12%), atelectasis (10%), nodule (8%), bullae (8%), bronchiectasis (5%), miliary pattern (1%), pleural effusion (25%), pneumothorax (1%), and hilar lymphadenopathy (14%) which predominantly unilateral. Conclusion: The presence of severe pulmonary lesion, ground glass opacity or consolidation with bilateral lung involvement, fibrosis, multiple cavities, interstitial opacities, pleural thickening, and mediastinal shift are the main features of MDR-TB.
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Mallol, Claudia, Yvonne Espada, Albert Lloret, Raúl Altuzarra, Carlo Anselmi, and Rosa Novellas. "Dystrophic mineralisation in chronic exogenous lipid pneumonia in cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 5, no. 1 (2019): 205511691985025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116919850255.
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Case series summary Exogenous lipid pneumonia with mineralisation of the lung parenchyma was diagnosed in three cats with radiographs, CT and/or bronchoalveolar lavage cytological findings. All three cats had a common clinical history of chronic constipation and long-term forced oral administration of mineral oil. All three cases showed radiographic findings compatible with aspiration pneumonia, with an alveolar pattern in the ventral part of the middle and/or cranial lung lobes. Minor improvement of the radiographic lung pattern in the follow-up studies was seen in two cats, and a miliary ‘sponge-like’ mineralised pattern appeared in the previously affected lung lobes months to years after the diagnosis. In one cat, patchy fat-attenuating areas in the consolidated lung lobes were present on thoracic CT. Cases 1 and 2 showed respiratory signs at the initial presentation, while in case 3 the radiographic findings were incidental and the cat had never exhibited respiratory signs. Relevance and novel information This is the first report to describe dystrophic mineralisation of the lung in exogenous lipid pneumonia and also the first to describe the CT features in cats. Exogenous lipid pneumonia should be included in the differential diagnosis in cases of miliary ‘sponge-like’ mineral opacities in the dependent part of the lung lobes on thoracic radiographs or CT in cats, especially in cases of chronic constipation, previously exposed to mineral oil.
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Bryant, Vera, Jean Phang, and Kevin Abrams. "Verifying Placement of Small-Bore Feeding Tubes: Electromagnetic Device Images Versus Abdominal Radiographs." American Journal of Critical Care 24, no. 6 (2015): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2015493.
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Background Clinicians are unsure if radiography is needed to confirm correct positioning of feeding tubes inserted with assistance from an electromagnetic system. Objectives To compare radiographic reports of feeding tube placement with images generated by an electromagnetic feeding tube placement device. Methods The medical records of 200 consecutive patients who had feeding tubes inserted with assistance from an electromagnetic feeding tube placement device were reviewed retrospectively. Radiographic reports of tube site were compared with images generated by the device. Results Radiographic evidence of tube sites was available in 188 cases: 184 tubes were located in portions of the gastrointestinal tract. Ninety of the 188 tubes were situated in the optimal site (distal duodenum or jejunum) radiographically. Images generated by the electromagnetic device were available in 176 cases; of these, 52 tubes appeared to end in the expected left lower quadrant. Tubes shown on radiographs to be in other sites also occasionally appeared to end in the left lower quadrant. Nurses using the device did not recognize 4 of the 188 tubes (2.1%) that were inadvertently placed in the lung. No consistent pattern of quadrant distribution was found for tubes positioned in the stomach or proximal duodenum. Conclusions Images generated by the electromagnetic tube placement device provided inconsistent results regarding tube location. A small percentage of seriously malpositioned tubes were not detected by using the electromagnetic device. These findings do not support eliminating radiographs to confirm correct tube placement following use of an electromagnetic tube placement device.
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Qiao, Shuang, Jia Ning Sun, Jian Li, and Ji Peng Huang. "A Novel Texture Extraction Method for Digital Radiography." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 1148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.1148.
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As known, there always exist severely degradation problems in digital radiography. How we can extract necessary textures from degraded radiographic images is the post-processing key. Local binary pattern (LBP) is a well-known method, which is widely used in fast image texture extraction. However, for noisy images, LBP can’t work well due to its sensitivity to details. On the other hand, as one of the important shock filters developed in recent years, complex shock filter possesses excellent capabilities in textural image processing. Here, by combining complex shock filter with LBP, a novel fast and efficient method, C-LBP is presented for texture extraction of degraded radiographic images. Experimental results show that comparing with traditional LBP, C-LBP not only distinguishes between noise and details in radiographic images, but also extracts image textures efficiently and rapidly, which plays an important role in developing nondestructive detection technique by low-dose ray radiography.
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Garcia, Guilherme Freire, Alexandre Sampaio Moura, Cid Sérgio Ferreira, and Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha. "Clinical and radiographic features of HIV-related pulmonary tuberculosis according to the level of immunosuppression." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 40, no. 6 (2007): 622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822007000600004.
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Medical charts and radiographs from 38 HIV-infected patients with positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage were reviewed in order to compare the clinical, radiographic, and sputum bacilloscopy characteristics of HIV-infected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis according to CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4). The mean age of the patients was 32 years and 76% were male. The median CD4 was 106 cells/mm³ and 71% had CD4 < 200 cells/mm³. Sputum bacilloscopy was positive in 45% of the patients. Patients with CD4 < 200 cells/mm³ showed significantly less post-primary pattern (7% vs. 63%; p = 0.02) and more frequently reported weight loss (p = 0.04). Although not statistically significant, patients with lower CD4 showed lower positivity of sputum bacilloscopy (37% vs. 64%; p = 0.18). HIV-infected patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis had a high proportion of non-post-primary pattern in thoracic radiographs. Patients with CD4 lower than 200 cells/mm³ showed post-primary patterns less frequently and reported weight loss more frequently.
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Ajmal, Muhammed. "Evaluation of Mental Foramen Position from Panoramic Dental Radiographs." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 15, no. 4 (2014): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1551.
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ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the position of mental foramen by measuring the vertical bone height from digital panoramic radiograph and also the variation of resorption pattern by gender and extraction time frame. Materials and methods/study design Digital panoramic radiographs of 500 patients were reviewed. The study population was divided into four age groups aged 30 to 70 years as (30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-70 years of age). Radiographic Position of mental foramen was evaluated in each panoramic radiograph by measuring the distance from the marginal bone to the mental foramen was being measured. Measurements were taken in each radiograph using Cliniview software. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using paired students t-test and chi-square tests. Results and conclusion In our study it was noted that the vertical measurements calculated from the superior margin of mental foramen to the crest of alveolar ridge were greater in edentulous men than in women. This measurement decreased significantly with age. We have noted here that resorption pattern between males and females can be used as an early diagnostic tool and for implant analysis. Studies comparing right and left side edentulous mandibular region are needed for further confirmation. How to cite this article Ajmal M. Evaluation of Mental Foramen Position from Panoramic Dental Radiographs. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):399-402.
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Rhine, Stanley, and Kris Sperry. "Radiographic Identification by Mastoid Sinus and Arterial Pattern." Journal of Forensic Sciences 36, no. 1 (1991): 13029J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs13029j.
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Cook, J. D., G. G. Gascon, A. Haider, et al. "Congenital Muscular Dystrophy With Abnormal Radiographic Myelin Pattern." Journal of Child Neurology 7, no. 1_suppl (1992): S51—S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08830738920070010811.
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We report 11 children with a homogeneous clinical syndrome affecting both sexes, characterized by weakness at birth, slowly improving course, weakness of all muscle groups, arreflexia, elevated blood creatine kinase, normal nerve conduction velocity, dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy, and diffuse periventricular cortical white-matter abnormalities with sparing of corpus callosum, internal capsule, and brain stem. We compare them to 48 other previously reported similar cases and designate them as altered myelin radiographic pattern congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), which is the same as occidental CMD. We compare them to the other presently accepted phenotypes: progressive Fukuyama CMD, Walker-Warburg or cerebral-ocular CMD, and Santavuori or muscle-eye-brain CMD. We suggest that the different phenotypes are alleles of the same gene, which regulates or expresses a structural protein required for muscle integrity, myelination, and formation of the cortex. Such phenotypic diversity has been established for mutations of Xp21 in X-linked muscular dystrophies. (J Child Neurol 1992;7(Suppl):S51-S63.)
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Gunalp, Bengul, Ali Ozan Oner, Semra Ince, Engin Alagoz, Aslı Ayan, and Nuri Arslan. "Evaluation of radiographic and metabolic changes in bone metastases in response to systemic therapy with 18FDG-PET/CT." Radiology and Oncology 49, no. 2 (2015): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/raon-2015-0012.
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Abstract Background. The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate radiographic and metabolic changes in bone metastases in response to systemic therapy with 18FDG-PET/CT and determine their roles on the evaluation of therapy response. Patients and methods. We retrospectively evaluated radiographic and metabolic characteristics of bone metastases in 30 patients who were referred for the evaluation of response to systemic therapy with 18FDG-PET/CT. All patients underwent integrated 18FDG-PET/CT before and after treatment. Results. The baseline radiographic patterns of the target lesions in responders group were lytic, sclerotic, mixed and CT negative; after treatment the radiographic patterns of all target lesions changed to a sclerotic pattern and attenuation increased (p = 0.012) and metabolic activity decreased (p = 0.012). A correlation was found between decreasing metabolic activity and increasing attenuation of the target lesions (r = -0.55) (p = 0.026). Ho wever, in nonresponders group, the baseline radiologic patterns of the target lesions were lytic, blastic, mixed and CT negative; after treatment all lytic target lesions remained the same and one CT negative lesion turned to lytic pattern and the attenuation of the target lesions decreased (p ± 0.12) and metabolic activity increased (p = 0.012). A correlation was found between increasing metabolic activity and decreasing attenuation (r = -0.65) (p = 0.032). An exception of this rule was seen in baseline blastic metastases which progressed with increasing in size, metabolic activity and attenuation. Conclusions. This study shows that the metabolic activity of lesions is a more reliable parameter than the radiographic patterns for the evaluation of therapy response.
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Alves, Flávio R., Francisco B. Costa, Pedro P. Machado, et al. "Anatomical and radiographic appearance of the capuchin monkey thoracic cavity (Cebus apella)." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32, no. 12 (2012): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2012001200021.
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The capuchin monkey is widespread both north and south of the Legal Amazon and in the Brazilian cerrado. Ten clinically healthy capuchin monkeys were submitted to an anatomical and radiographic study of their thoracic cavities. The radiographic evaluation allowed the description of biometric values associated with the cardiac silhouette and thoracic structures. Application of the VHS (vertebral heart size) method showed positive correlation (P<0.05) with depth of the thoracic cavity, as well as between the body length of vertebrae T3, T4, T5 and T6 and the cardiac length and width. The lung fields showed a diffuse interstitial pattern, more visible in the caudal lung lobes and a bronchial pattern in the middle and cranial lung lobes. The radiographic examination allowed preliminary inferences to be made concerning the syntopy of the thoracic structures and modification of the pulmonary patterns and cardiac anatomy for the capuchin monkey.
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Carvalho, Joana Christina, Heliana D. Mestrinho, Alain Guillet, and Marisa Maltz. "Radiographic Yield for Clinical Caries Diagnosis in Young Adults: Indicators for Radiographic Examination." Caries Research 54, no. 2 (2020): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505905.
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This prospective cohort study investigated the distribution pattern of carious lesions diagnosed by visual tactile and radiographic examinations, assessed the radiographic yield for clinical caries diagnosis, and estimated how accurately commonly used indicators for caries identified young adults who would benefit from radiographs at different thresholds. Overall, 576 patients aged 16–32 years seeking a first consultation were included. Patients were examined for caries and answered a validated questionnaire on sociodemographics and oral health behavior. Almost 10% of clinically sound approximal surfaces presented radiolucency in enamel/dentine. Of the clinically diagnosed noncavitated approximal and occlusal lesions, 22.5 and 17.7%, respectively, presented radiolucency reaching dentine at the radiographic examination. Noncavitated/enamel lesions detected radiographically were mainly at approximal surfaces (73.2%), while at occlusal surfaces these were negligible (0.7%). More than half of approximal dentine lesions were only detected radiographically (61.3%), while more than half of occlusal dentine lesions were only clinically diagnosed (57.1%). The hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that patient’s caries activity, D1MFS scores ≥17, and frequent consumption of soft drinks were significantly associated with detection of approximal enamel/dentine lesions. Also, patient’s caries activity and frequent consumption of soft drinks were significantly associated with occlusal dentine caries (p ≤ 0.05). The indicator power of grouping these indicators as a predictor for the presence of radiographically detected lesions showed high sensitivity (0.84–0.91) and moderate specificity (0.64–0.73) for all surfaces and thresholds tested. In conclusion, radiographs increased significantly the number of approximal enamel/dentine and occlusal dentine lesions diagnosed. The ability to identify young adults with approximal lesions from the predictor was satisfactory. Bearing in mind that an essential contribution of bitewing radiographs to clinical examination is the detection of approximal noncavitated/enamel lesions that can be inactivated by nonoperative interventions, our results support the prescription of radiographs in young adults seeking a first consultation. Updating of current guidelines’ recommendation of radiographs is warranted.
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Pires, Sâmara Turbay, Maria Cristina Ferrarini Nunes Soares Hage, Ana Carolina Brandão de Campos Fonseca Pinto, and Stefano Carlo Filippo Hagen. "Comparative study between radiology and ultrasound in the evaluation of extracardiac thoracic diseases in dogs and cats." Ciência Rural 45, no. 12 (2015): 2207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140192.
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ABSTRACT: This study compared radiographic and B-mode and Doppler ultrasound exams of the thoracic cavity, excluding the heart, in canine and feline species, in which the radiographs revealed the formation of a potential acoustic window. The objectives were to demonstrate the advantages and limitations of each technique and to determine whether the additional information influenced the differential diagnosis as well as the outcome of each case. The advantages of B-mode ultrasonography included: better qualitative and quantitative evaluation of pleural effusions, an improved ability to determine whether a nodule was solid or cystic and easier determination of the location in the pulmonary parenchyma. The Power Doppler ultrasound evaluated the blood supply pattern of the nodules and masses and differentiated between vessels and fluid bronchogram. A limitation of the ultrasound examination was the need to be guided by the previous radiography. The advantages of the radiographic examination included the possibility of localizing pulmonary lesions at any depth in the absence of a pleural effusion and providing a panoramic view of the extent of the thoracic disease. The ultrasound examination influenced the differential diagnosis in 18 (62.06%) cases and influenced the outcome of 8 (27.58%) cases.
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Peralta, Santiago, Nadine Fiani, and Peter V. Scrivani. "Prevalence, Radiographic, and Demographic Features of Buccal Bone Expansion in Cats: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Referral Institution." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 37, no. 2 (2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898756420953581.
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Buccal bone expansion (BBE) refers to bulbous enlargement of the periodontium in domestic cats. The origin of BBE is unknown, and some of its epidemiological, clinical, and radiographic features have not been fully characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific demographic characteristics are associated with BBE in cats; and whether BBE is associated with other relevant radiographic findings. Pertinent data were collected from archived dental radiographs and electronic medical records of 97 client-owned cats. Results showed that BBE is common in cats presented for evaluation and treatment of dental disease; that breed, sex, and age are not associated with BBE; that BBE is not associated with a pattern of horizontal alveolar bone loss/extrusion or tooth resorption; that a pattern of vertical alveolar bone loss is a typical feature of BBE; and that BBE represents a common cause of canine tooth loss in cats.
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Durrant, Michael, and Tucker McElroy. "Radiographic Image Distortion Between the Distal Edge of the First Metatarsal and the Tibial Sesamoid." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 100, no. 1 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/1000001.
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Background: After failing to statistically confirm a perceived pattern noted on radiographs that the sesamoids were proximally positioned in patients with hallux limitus compared with a control population without evidence of the deformity, the probable causes of this failure were examined. Measurement error was briefly considered but rejected owing to the careful manner in which the measurements were taken. The most plausible explanations were that the observations were incorrect and that the radiographs, which were retrospectively analyzed, were taken in a manner that distorted the spatial relationships between the metatarsal and the tibial sesamoid to a point that the results did not reflect reality. Methods: This study examines potential difficulties in obtaining consistently reliable radiographic data regarding the spatial relationships of the metatarsal and the tibial sesamoid and establishes guidelines to minimize experimental error. Criteria for measuring metatarsal sesamoidal distances to the radiographic plate are established, along with application of the criteria to a control population. The principle of radiographic image distortion as it relates to these objects is presented, and, based on a predetermined range of radiographic angles, radiographic image distortion is calculated for the metatarsal head and the tibial sesamoid separately. Results: By using accepted trigonometric principles, a mathematical model is developed that makes it possible to collectively quantify image shift between the two objects. Conclusions: Criteria are established that, if followed, should minimize image distortion when it is important to measure metatarsal sesamoidal distances. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 100(1): 1–9, 2010)
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Huish, Eric G., John G. Coury, Mohamed A. Ibrahim, and Marc A. Trzeciak. "Radiographic Outcomes of Dorsal Distraction Distal Radius Plating for Fractures With Dorsal Marginal Impaction." HAND 13, no. 3 (2017): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944717704514.
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Background: The purpose of this study is to compare radiographic outcomes of patients treated with dorsal spanning plates with previously reported normal values of radiographic distal radius anatomy and compare the results with prior publications for both external fixation and internal fixation with volar locked plates. Methods: Patients with complex distal radius fractures including dorsal marginal impaction pattern necessitating dorsal distraction plating at the discretion of the senior authors (M.A.T. and M.A.I.) from May 30, 2013, to December 29, 2015, were identified and included in the study. Retrospective chart and radiograph review was performed on 19 patients, 11 male and 8 female, with mean age of 47.83 years (22-82). No patients were excluded from the study. Results: All fractures united prior to plate removal. The average time the plate was in place was 80.5 days (49-129). Follow-up radiographs showed average radial inclination of 20.5° (13.2°-25.5°), radial height of 10.7 mm (7.5-14 mm), ulnar variance of −0.3 mm (−2.1 to 3.1 mm), and volar tilt of 7.9° (−3° to 15°). One patient had intra-articular step-off greater than 2 mm. Conclusions: Dorsal distraction plating of complex distal radius fractures yields good radiographic results with minimal complications. In cases of complex distal radius fractures including dorsal marginal impaction where volar plating is not considered adequate, a dorsal distraction plate should be considered as an alternative to external fixation due to reduced risk for infection and better control of volar tilt.
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Hivarkar, MinakshiR, HemantR Umarji, SonaliG Kadam, and Keshav Kumar. "Radiographic pattern of extra-nodal non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma." International Journal of Students� Research 5, no. 1 (2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-7095.180082.
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da Silva, Romeu R., Luiz P. Calôba, Marcio H. S. Siqueira, and João M. A. Rebello. "Pattern recognition of weld defects detected by radiographic test." NDT & E International 37, no. 6 (2004): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2003.12.004.
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Braga, Flávia Silva, Gabriel Antônio de Oliviera, Adriana Maria Fonseca de Melo, Lívia Guidoni de Assis Barbosa, and João Vinícius Cremasco Fraga. "Indolent systemic mastocytosis: is there a reliable radiographic pattern?" Pediatric Radiology 42, no. 8 (2012): 1017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-011-2324-8.
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Korstjens, C. M., W. G. M. Geraets, F. C. Van Ginkel, B. Prahl-Andersen, P. F. Van Der Stelt, and E. H. Burger. "Longitudinal analysis of radiographic trabecular pattern by image processing." Bone 17, no. 6 (1995): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(95)00403-3.
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Fagade, O. O., Gillian V. Gillbe, and D. G. Wastell. "Radiographic pattern of root resorption in autotransplanted maxillary canines." Journal of Dentistry 16, no. 2 (1988): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(88)90056-5.
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Xu, Chang, Nathalie E. Marchand, Jeffrey B. Driban, Timothy McAlindon, Charles B. Eaton, and Bing Lu. "Dietary Patterns and Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 111, no. 3 (2020): 667–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz333.
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ABSTRACT Background While some individual foods and nutrients have been associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) progression, the association between dietary patterns and KOA progression has received little research attention. Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary patterns, derived by principal components analysis (PCA), are associated with KOA progression. Methods In the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a prospective cohort with clinical centers in Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island, 2757 participants with existing KOA (mean age 62 y) and diet assessed at baseline were followed for ≤72 mo. Using PCA, Western and prudent dietary patterns were derived. Radiographic KOA progression was assessed using 2 separate measures, 1 full Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade increase and loss in joint space width (JSW). Symptomatic KOA progression was defined as an increase in or remaining in 1 of the 2 highest classification categories of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Results Adherence to Western and prudent dietary patterns was significantly associated with radiographic and symptomatic progression of KOA. With increasing Western pattern score, there was increased KL-worsening risk (compared with quartile 1, HR for quartile 4: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.61; P-trend &lt; 0.01) and increased odds of progression to higher WOMAC score (compared with quartile 1, OR for quartile 4: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.63; P-trend &lt; 0.01) but no significant change in JSW loss. With increasing prudent pattern score there was decreased KL-worsening risk (compared with quartile 1, HR for quartile 4: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.98; P-trend = 0.02), decreased JSW loss (quartile 1: 0.46 mm; quartile 4: 0.38 mm; P-trend &lt; 0.01), and decreased odds of higher WOMAC progression (compared with quartile 1, OR for quartile 4 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.86; P-trend &lt; 0.01) in multivariable adjusted models. Conclusions Adherence to a Western dietary pattern was associated with increased radiographic and symptomatic KOA progression, while following a prudent pattern was associated with reduced progression. In general, for people already diagnosed with KOA, eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, whole grains, and legumes may be related to decreased radiographic and symptomatic disease progression.
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Shaik, Mohammed Asif, Sultan Mohammed Kaleem, Abdul Wahab, and Shahul Hameed. "Prevalence of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer region." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 04 (2013): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.120687.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The study was performed to investigate the prevalence, morphology and calcification pattern of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer (Southern) region and its relation to gender and sub-age groups. Materials and Methods: This study was analyzed digital panoramic radiographs of 1,162 adults. Any radiograph with questionable styloid process was excluded from the study. The apparent length of the styloid process was measured by a single experienced dental and maxillofacial Radiologist. The elongated styloid process was classified with the radiographic appearance based on the morphology and calcification pattern. The data were analyzed by using Student′s t-test and Chi-square test with P value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 1,085 Digital panoramic radiographs showed elongated styloid process of which 686 (63.2%) were noticed in males and 399 (36.8%) were noticed in female patients. There was a statistical significant difference noticed in the mean difference of elongated styloid process between 20-29, 50-59 and 60 years and above sub-age groups. The elongated styloid process was more prevalent in elderly aged male patients (P < 0.05). Type I morphology with calcified out line (a) was the most frequent pattern of calcification noticed in the present study.Conclusion: The panoramic radiographs are economical, easily accessible and useful diagnostic tool for early detection of elongated styloid process with or without symptoms. However, studies with larger sample size would further help to assess the prevalence of this elongated styloid process in Saudi population of various other regions.
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Gonçalves, N., L. Domingues, A. Mashayekhi Sardoo, et al. "AB0688 GAIT PATTERN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH RADIOGRAPHIC AND NON-RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, THE MyoSpA STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1639.2–1640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5632.
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Background:Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease classified as radiographic (r-axSpA) or non-radiographic (nr-axSpA). Defining the gait patterns associated with these two groups can improve its detection and promote early intervention. In normal walking, body segments move around the joints as struts of an inverted pendulum. The resultant cyclic rotations contribute to the forward translation of the body, while minimizing muscle work and maintaining stability. Recent literature describes a decline in this pendulum-like mechanism associated with aging and some neurological diseases (Parkinson and multiple sclerosis).Objectives:The aim was to compare the 3D gait kinematics of patients with r-axSpA and nr-axSpA.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 participants (18-50 years old), 27 patients with axSpA (according to ASAS criteria, with less than 10 years since symptoms onset) and 27 healthy controls, matched by gender, age and level of physical activity. A sub-analysis was performed involving the whole group of patients classified as r-axSpA (n=14) and nr-axSpA (n=6). Subjects movement was reconstructed using a 3D full-body kinematic model (Kinetikos, Coimbra, Portugal) fed by 15 inertial sensors placed in the head, arms, trunk, pelvis, thighs, shanks and feet. 3D gait kinematics was characterised based on variables that analyse the body movement as a whole (e.g. center of mass displacement, speed), conventional spatiotemporal parameters (e.g. stance/swing time, step length) and joints kinematics time-normalized to 101 points, comprising the gait cycle from 0 to 100%. Nonparametric statistical tests were used.Results:In the r-axSpA group, 71,4% were male, with a mean age of 34.43±7.84 years and a BASDAI of 2.84±2.39, whereas in the nr-axSpA, 50% were male, with a mean age of 41.83±6.27 years and a BASDAI of 2.99±0.58. A statistically significant difference was observed in the displacement of the center of mass (with respect to the pelvis local coordinate system) along the anteroposterior axis between the two studied groups (H = 4.96, p = 0.03), with a mean rank displacement of 8.6 for r-axSpA and 15.00 for nr-axSpa, corresponding to a reduction in displacement of 38% (mean 0.00986 vs 0.01579m), in the r-axSpa group.Conclusion:Our preliminary results in r-axSpA subjects show a reduction of the pendulum mechanism. Although no significant segmental (kinematics) changes were observed, the sum of all studied variables result in a clear different gait pattern between the two groups. The observed decline can be an early sign of the inefficiency of the r-axSpA group to minimise the cost of transport of the center of mass during walking (i.e. increased instability). This study shows the potential of gait analysis to identify subjects who may benefit from early physiotherapy intervention.Disclosure of Interests:Nuno Gonçalves: None declared, Lúcia Domingues: None declared, Atlas Mashayekhi Sardoo: None declared, Lucian Radu: None declared, Santiago Rodrigues-Manica Speakers bureau: Jansse, MSD, Novartis, Agna Neto: None declared, Rita Torres: None declared, José Marona: None declared, Jaime Branco Speakers bureau: Vitoria, César Mendes: None declared, Ricardo Matias: None declared, Fernando Pimentel dos Santos Speakers bureau: Novartis, Pfizer, Biogen, Vitoria,
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Anjani, Pramanindyah Bekti, and Soedarsono Soedarsono. "Hubungan antara Pola Resistensi OAT Lini Pertama dan Gradasi Gambaran Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru MDR." Jurnal Respirasi 2, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jr.v2-i.1.2016.1-5.
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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which has long been known and is still a cause of death in the world. The emergece of the drug resistance in TB treatment, particularly Multi drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) become a significant public health problem in many countries. The diagnosis of MDR TB based on culture results. In some cases radiographic feature with severe abnormalities consideres as MDR TB. From this phenomenon, there is no research that connects the resistance pattern of first line ATD with chest x-ray feature in patients with MDR TB. Methods: The research design are analytical observational with cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital. Subjects were patients who are following a theraphy program in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital from 2012 to 2014 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 65 patients. Result: the result of this study showed that of all patterns of resistance, most of the MDR TB patients were classified as having severe chest radiograph. 27 patients with RH resistance patterns, there were 14(51.9%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 5 patients with RHS resistance patterns, 2(60%) vwho had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 13 patients RHES resistance patterns, 8(61.5%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 20 patients with RHE resistance patterns, 14(70%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. Conclusion: There were no significant association between resistance pattern of first line ATD and chest x-ray feature in patient with MDR TB.
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Özkan, Sezai, Chaitanya S. Mudgal, Jesse B. Jupiter, Frank W. Bloemers, and Neal C. Chen. "Scapholunate Diastasis in Distal Radius Fractures: Fracture Pattern Analysis on CT Scans." Journal of Wrist Surgery 09, no. 04 (2020): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712505.
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Abstract Objectives Our understanding of distal radius fractures with concomitant scapholunate (SL) diastasis primarily comes from plain radiographs and arthroscopy. The clinical implications of SL diastasis are not clear. The aim of this study is to describe fracture characteristics of distal radius fractures on computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with distal radius fractures and static SL diastasis. Methods We queried our institutional databases to identify patients who were treated for a distal radius fracture, had a CT scan with a wrist-protocol, and static SL diastasis on their CT scan. Our final cohort consisted of 26 patients. We then collected data on their demographics, injury, treatment, evaluated injury patterns, and measured radiographic SL characteristics. Our study cohort consisted of 11 men (42%) and almost half of our cohort (n = 12; 46%) had a high-energy mechanism of injury. The majority of the patients (n = 20; 77%) had operative treatment for their distal radius fracture and two patients (7.7%) had operative treatment of their SL injury. Results The mean SL distance was 3.5 ± 1.1 mm. Twenty patients (77%) had an intra-articular fracture. In these patients, we observed three patterns: (1) scaphoid facet impaction; (2) lunate facet impaction; and (3) no relative impaction. We observed other injury elements including rotation of the radial styloid relative to the lunate facet and partial carpal subluxations. Conclusion Static SL dissociation in the setting of distal radius fractures may be an indication of a complex injury of the distal radius, which may not be directly apparent on plain radiography. If these radiographs do not demonstrate impaction of the lunate or scaphoid facet, a CT scan may be warranted to have a more detailed view of the articular surface. Level of Evidence This is a Level III, diagnostic study.
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Ferian, Paulo Eduardo, Marilia Gabriela Luciani, Fabiano Zanini Salbego, et al. "Eosinophilic Bronchopneumopathy in Dogs." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (June 13, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.86856.
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Background: The eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP) is characterized by pulmonary infiltration with eosinophils. The etiology of canine EBP remains unclear, although hypersensitivity to aeroallergens is suspected. Dogs affected are usually young. The persistent cough is the most common clinical sign, often associated with respiratory difficulty and exercise intolerance. The diagnosis is based on signalment, radiographic and bronchoscopic findings, and the tissue eosiphilic infiltration demonstrated by cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). No reports were found in Brazil. The aim of this paper is report four cases of canine BPE, with emphasis on clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy.Cases: Case 1. A 18-month-old female dog with 12 kg of body weight was presented for consultation with a 60-day history of cough, inappetence and weariness. It presented cough and tachypnea. The complementary exams demonstrated peripheral eosinophilia, bronchointersticial pulmonary pattern on radiography, moderate amount of mucus on bronchoscopy andtissue eosinophilis infiltration on the BAL. The treatment was based on steroids, with improvement of clinical signs. Case 2. A 24-month-old female dog with 16 kg of body weight was presented for consultation with one-year history of cough, inappetence and lethargy. It presented only cough, and in complementary exams showed transitory peripheral eosinophilia, bronchointersticial pattern on radiography and predominantly eosinophilic inflammation on citology of BAL. The therapy was based on steroids, with improvement followed by worsening of signs, with need of readjustment of doses. Case 3. A 8-year-old male dog with 6.2 kg of body weight was presented for consultation with 3-weeks history of productive cough,vomiting and weight loss. The complementary exams showed peripheral eosinophilia, bronchointersticial pulmonary patternon radiography and eosinophils infiltration on cytology of BAL. It was used steroids as therapy, with improvement of signs. Case 4. A 2-month-old female dog with 2.8 kg of body weight was presented for consultation with 3-days history of cough, nasal discharge and inappetence. It presented severe expiratory dyspnoea, tachypnea, harsh cough, lung crackles on auscultation and lethargy. The complementary exams demonstrated leukocytosis by peripheral eosinophilia and neutrophilia, bronchointersticial and alveolar pulmonar radiographic pattern. The therapy was started with steroids, febendazole and antibiotics. Tracheal swab was obtained and it showed eosinophilic inflammation on cytology. After 20-days treatment, the signs improved. Maintenance therapy was performed with steroids.Discussion: The EBP is usually reported in young patients, as described in three cases. The cough showed predominant clinically, associated with lethargy and inappetence in half of cases, as well as with dyspnea and weariness. The peripheral eosinophilia was observed in all patients, although transient in one of them, not being mandatory for the diagnosis.Despite there are not a specific radiographic pattern to the diagnosis, the bronchointersticial pattern was common to the four animals, with worsening of the radiographic findings possibly related to worsening clinical findings. The definitive diagnosis made through identification of eosinophilic inflammatory infiltration by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Steroidtherapy proved to be effective in the four cases.Keywords: eosinophils, bronchus, lung parenchyma, dog.
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Baraka, Balowa M., Mboka Jacob, Ramadhani Kazema, et al. "Comparison of chest radiographic findings among HIV positive and negative adults with smear positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Dar-es-salaam." Tanzania Medical Journal 31, no. 1 (2020): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tmj.v31i1.336.
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Background: Chest X-ray radiography is a widely available and cheap imaging modality used for identification of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in suspected patients. Knowledge of discriminatory features of PTB among HIV infected patient is of utmost importance to improve tuberculosis case detection and consequently reduce morbidity and mortality associated with TB among HIV infected individuals. We aimed to describe chest radiographic findings among PTB patients and their association with HIV co-infection and CD4 levels among HIV positive patients.Methodology: A total of 170 newly diagnosed consented smear positive PTB patients underwent postero-anterior Chest radiographs (PA - CXR) and HIV testing. Determination of CD4 count was performed among HIV positive patients. The radiographs were interpreted using glossary of terms for thoracic radiology by two independent radiologists who were blinded to HIV diagnosis.Results: Study participants included 100 (58.9%) males and 70 (41.1%) females. Among these 54 (31.8%) had HIV/PTB co-infection. The pattern of radiographic findings among patients with PTB/HIV compared to PTB only were: pulmonary cavities 44.4% vs 61.2%, (p=0.04), alveolar consolidation 64.9% vs 81.7%, (p=0.04), upper zone consolidation 40.7% vs 57.8%, (p=0.039), middle zone consolidation 25.9% vs 44.8%, (p=0.019) and typical PTB 40.7% vs 57.8%, (p=0.039), respectively. Therefore, lesions were less likely to be observed among PTB/HIV compared to PTB only and the differences were statistically significant. When compared to PTB patients only HIV/PTB co-infected patients had more nodules on the left lung field 85.2% vs 60.9% (p=0.023); on each left lung zone upper 59.3% vs 34.4% (p=0.028); mid 77.8% vs 54.7% (p-value=0.039); lower 66.7% vs 34.4% (p=0.005) and miliary nodules 44.4% vs 15.6% (p=0.003), respectively. HIV/PTB co-infected patients with CD4 > 200 cells/μL had more mid zone consolidation (42.9% vs 15.2%, p=0.024).Conclusion: The commonest chest radiographic findings in HIV/PTB co-infected patients were pulmonary cavities and alveolar consolidation are associated with HIV negative status. HIV/PTB co-infected patients with severe immunosuppression had mid zone consolidation. Patients with severe immunosuppression showed less chest radiographic findings. HIV/PTB co-infection was highly associated with mid and lower zone pulmonary nodules and miliary nodules.
 Key words: PTB, HIV, CXR
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Walter, Patricia, L. J. Wallace, and Dominique Griffon. "Thoracic Injuries in Cats with Traumatic Fractures." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 07, no. 03 (1994): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633128.
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SummaryThe medical records of 93 cats with traumatic fractures were examined to study the pattern of thoracic trauma and establish a possible relationship between specific patterns of skeletal trauma and the prevalence of thoracic wall and pulmonary injury. Radiographic evidence of thoracic trauma was identified in 38.7% of these cats. Cats with fractures cranial to T13 were significantly more likely to sustain thoracic trauma (58%) compared to those suffering a fracture caudal to LI (25%). Cats involved in motor vehicle accident were more likely to have radiographic evidence of thoracic trauma (52%) compared to those injured by other means (22%). Forty percent of cats with radio-graphic evidence of thoracic injury did not show any clinical sign.In a retrospective survey of 93 cats admitted for evaluation of traumatic fractures, 36 cats (38.7%) had radiographic evidence of thoracic trauma. The most common thoracic injuries were lung contusion (66.6%) and pneumothorax (36%). Forty percent of the cats, with radiographic abnormalities, did not show clinical signs suggestive of thoracic injury.
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Gonçalves, Américo, Gustavo Rocha, Hercília Guimarães, et al. "Value of Chest Radiographic Pattern in RSV Disease of the Newborn: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study." Critical Care Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/861867.
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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral respiratory infection in infants. Several authors have sought to determine which risk factors are the best predictors for severe RSV disease. Our aim was to evaluate if a specific chest radiographic pattern in RSV disease can predict the disease severity. We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study in term and preterm neonates with confirmed lower respiratory tract RSV infection, admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) from 2000 to 2010. To determine which factors independently predicted the outcomes, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. A total of 259 term and preterm neonates were enrolled. Patients with a consolidation pattern on the chest radiograph at admission (n=101) had greater need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR: 2.5;P=.015), respiratory support (OR: 2.3;P=.005), supplemental oxygen (OR: 3.0;P=.008), and prolonged stay in the NICU (>7 days) (OR: 1.8;P=.025). Newborns with a consolidation pattern on admission chest radiograph had a more severe disease course, with greater risk of invasive mechanical ventilation, respiratory support, supplemental oxygen, and prolonged hospitalization.
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Di Serafino, Marco, Matilde Gioioso, Rosa Severino, et al. "The idiopathic localized tumoral calcinosis: the “chicken wire” radiographic pattern." Radiology Case Reports 12, no. 3 (2017): 560–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radcr.2017.03.023.
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Paulsen, H. U., X.-Q. Shi, U. Welander, J. Huggare, and F. Scheutz. "Eruption pattern of autotransplanted premolars visualized by radiographic color-coding." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 119, no. 4 (2001): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mod.2001.114686.
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Valentini, Anna Lia, Ludovico Muzii, Riccardo Marana, et al. "Fallopian Tube Disease: The Cobblestone Pattern as a Radiographic Sign." Radiology 217, no. 2 (2000): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.217.2.r00nv04521.
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Gehlert, Rick J., Zhiqing Xing, and Thomas A. DeCoster. "Pelvic Crescent Fractures: Variations in Injury Mechanism and Radiographic Pattern." Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 23, no. 02 (2014): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/jsoa.2014.0075.
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Oba, Marina K., Guido A. Marañón-Vásquez, Fábio L. Romano, and Christiano Oliveira-Santos. "Additional intraoral radiographs may change the judgment regarding the final position of orthodontic mini-implants." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 23, no. 2 (2018): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.23.2.054-061.oar.
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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess if additional vertical bitewing (VBW) and/or occlusal (OC) radiographs may change initial judgment based only on periapical radiograph (PAR) about the final position of orthodontic mini-implants (OMI). Methods: Subjective and objective analyses were performed. Radiographic images of 26 OMI were divided into four groups: PAR, PAR+VBW, PAR+OC and ALL (PAR+VBW+OC). For subjective analysis, five observers were asked to assess if the position of OMI was favorable to its success, using questionnaires with a four-point scale for responses: 1= definitely not favorable, 2= probably not favorable, 3= probably favorable, or 4= definitely favorable. Each group containing sets of images was presented to them in four different viewing sessions. Objective evaluation compared horizontal distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Results: Most of observers (3 out of 5) changed their initial judgment based on PAR about OMI position when additional radiographs were analyzed. Differences between groups (i.e. PAR vs. PAR+VBW; PAR vs. PAR+OC; and, PARvs.ALL) were statistically significant for these observers. For those that changed their judgment about OMI position, confidence level could significantly increase, decrease or even be maintained, not indicating a pattern. There was no agreement for distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Conclusion: Considering the limitations of the study, it is concluded that additional radiographic images may change the judgement about OMI final position without necessarily increasing the degree of certainty of such judgment.
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Bedenice, D., W. Heuwieser, R. Brawer, M. Solano, W. Rand, and M. R. Paradis. "Clinical and Prognostic Significance of Radiographic Pattern, Distribution, and Severity of Thoracic Radiographic Changes in Neonatal Foals." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 17, no. 6 (2003): 876–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02528.x.
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Gause, T. M., T. E. Moran, J. B. Carr, and D. N. Deal. "Scaphoid Waist Nonunion in an 8-Year-Old: A Rare Occurrence." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2019 (October 14, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4701585.
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Case. Historically, the most common pattern of pediatric scaphoid injury described is at the distal pole, which has a high rate of success with nonoperative management. Injury patterns have evolved as children are more commonly presenting with adult-type fracture patterns. We present the case of a scaphoid waist fracture in an 8-year-old male that resulted in nonunion and required surgical fixation. Conclusion. This case highlights the trend of adult pattern scaphoid fractures in the pediatric population and the utility of magnetic resonance imaging in patients who do not have complete carpal bone ossification at the time of initial radiographic evaluation.
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Ramski, David E., Theodore J. Ganley, and James L. Carey. "A Radiographic Healing Classification for Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee Provides Good Interobserver Reliability." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 12 (2017): 232596711774084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117740846.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Recent studies have examined radiographic factors associated with healing of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the knee. However, there is still no gold standard in determining the healing status of an OCD lesion. Purpose: We examined temporally associated patterns of healing to (1) evaluate the practicality of a classification system and (2) elucidate any associations between healing pattern and patient age, sex, lesion location, treatment type, and physeal patency. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively screened 489 patients from 2006 to 2010 for a total of 41 consecutive knee OCD lesions that met inclusion criteria, including at least 3 consecutive radiographic series (mean patient age, 12.8 years; range, 7.8-17.1 years; mean follow-up, 75.1 weeks). Radiographs were arranged in sequential order for ratings by 2 orthopaedic sports medicine specialists. Healing patterns were rated as boundary resolution, increasing radiodensity of progeny fragment, combined, or not applicable. Repeat ratings were conducted 3 weeks later. Results: Patients were most commonly adolescent males aged 13 to 17 years, with a medial femoral condyle lesion that was treated operatively. Interobserver reliability of the healing classification was good (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55-0.79). Boundary and radiodensity healing was observed for all ages, sexes, lesion locations, treatment types, and physeal patency states. Conclusion: This study evaluated a valuable radiographic paradigm—boundary resolution, increasing radiodensity of progeny fragment, or combined—for assessment of OCD lesion healing. The proposed system of healing classification demonstrated good inter- and intraobserver reliability. Healing patterns were not significantly associated with any particular age, sex, lesion location, treatment type, or physeal patency status. The development of a classification system for knee OCD may eventually improve clinical assessment and management of OCD lesions.