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Academic literature on the topic 'Radiographic sciences'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Radiographic sciences"

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Decusară, Mioara, Cerasella-Dorina Şincar, Alexandru Nicolau, and Teodora Denisa Gheorghi. "The importance of 3D imaging for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 62, no. 4 (2016): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2016.4.3.

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Within a century, dental radiology “suffered” transformation, beginning with periapical radiographs, cephalograms and panoramic radiography and continuing with digital imaging and cone beam computed tomography. In contemporary dental practice is importantant to choose the type of radiographic investigation in order to achieve a complete and accurate diagnosis, so necessary for determining the treatment plan for patients with dental-maxillary abnormalities. We conducted a comparative study between conventional radiographic investigation (periapical radiographs, panoramic radiography) and cone beam computed tomography in patients with malocclusions. The costs and radiation doses are low to the classic X-rays, but the diagnosis is given by the two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional dental-maxillary pathologies. Cone Beam CT scans were relatively high in cost and in radiation doses, but provided three-dimensional images and anatomic and radiological data of superior quality to the classics.

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Pavelski, Mariana, Daniele Von Kruger Amaral, Giovana Paladino Vieira, et al. "Comparative analyses of thoracic radiographs and bronchoalveolar lavage of dogs and cats with chronic bronchial diseases." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 3 (2017): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n3p1403.

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There is a high incidence of bronchitis and asthma cases in veterinary medicine. Thoracic radiographs and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are commonly performed for definitive diagnosis in dogs and cats with suspected bronchitis and asthma. It is believed that a combination of diagnostic tools is the best choice to achieve a diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of thoracic radiographs and BAL in the diagnosis of chronic bronchial disease (CBD) in dogs and cats and whether there is any specific radiographic finding that could influence the indication for bronchoalveolar lavage. It was performed a cross-sectional, prospective, observational study including forty client-owned dogs and cats with lower respiratory tract signs and positive radiographic opacities that were evaluated with BAL followed by cytology and culture. The radiographic results compared with BAL culture showed a sensitivity of 38%, specificity of 95% and accuracy of 65% in detecting patients with pneumonia associated with chronic bronchial disease. Thoracic radiographs were effective in diagnosing 65% of the patients, radiographs plus BAL cytology diagnosed 75% of patients and the combination of radiographs, BAL cytology and culture diagnosed 95% of the patients with chronic bronchial disease. In conclusion, the combination of radiographic examination with BAL followed by cytological and microbiological analyses increases diagnostic success in CBD.

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Jojima, Flavio Shigueru, Stephany Buba Lucina, Alexandre Leseur Santos, Marlos Gonçalves Sousa, and Tilde Rodrigues Froes. "Use of measurements from thoracic radiographs to identify high mean left atrium pressure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 1 (2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n1p191.

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The aim of this study was to estimate echocardiographic elevated mean left atrium pressure (MLAP) based on measurements from thoracic radiographs and to determine a cut-off value for each radiographic measurement that suggests a high MLAP. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to include cases admitted from January 2015 to December 2016. Thoracic radiographic examinations from 93 dogs with and without a high MLAP were included. Specific measurements were made from thoracic radiographs and compared with echocardiographic variables known to indicate high MLAP. This comparison was used to generate equations that allowed the estimation of echocardiographic surrogates from the radiographic measurements. The values indicative of high MLAP were obtained using a regression curve. Formulas that indicated high MLAP were generated using a number of radiographic measurements. Positive echocardiographic findings of high MLAP were used as the gold standard. These formulas helped to predict high MLAP in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) without the need for echocardiographic examination. The best formula was left atrium (LA):aorta (Ao)echo = 0.03×(vertebral heart score,VHS) + 0.14×(LA) + 0.27×(LA:caudal vena cava (CVC)rad). Values ? 12.2v for VHS, ? 4.5cm for LA, ? 3.3 for LA:Aorad and ? 3.2 for LA:CVCrad suggested high MLAP. Thus, we propose equations, based on measurements from thoracic radiographs, to identify high MLAP. Simple radiographic thoracic measurements, such as LA:CVCrad, can be used to define overload and a high MLAP in dogs with MMVD.

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Pai, Keerthilatha M., Anuna Laila Mathew, and Amar A. Sholapurkar. "Maxillary Sinus Findings in the Elderly: A Panoramic Radiographic Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 10, no. 6 (2009): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-10-6-41.

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Abstract Aim The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of maxillary sinus findings in elderly subjects above the age of 50 through the use of panoramic radiography and to test the hypothesis that such findings are more prevalent in dentate subjects. Methods and Materials A total of 105 subjects over the age of 50 years were examined both clinically and radiographically in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the Manipal College of Dental Sciences in Manipal, India, over a period of three months for various reasons. Eight were excluded due to the lack of diagnostic quality of their radiographs. The manually calculated kappa test was used to determine the statistical significance of intra-examiner reliability. The other data were analyzed using a manually calculated z-test for proportions where z ≥ 1.96 or p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of radiographic maxillary sinus findings in 97 elderly subjects (aged above 50 years) were investigated with the use of panoramic radiography. Fifty subjects had at least one natural tooth radiographically in the upper jaw and 39 subjects were radiographically edentulous in the upper jaw. Mucous cysts or diffused mucosal thickenings were found in 42.26% of the subjects. Of the mucosal thickenings, 74.35% were found in subjects with a dentate upper jaw (p<0.05). The prevalence of a mucous cyst was 2.06% in subjects with a dentate upper jaw and a finding of no mucous cysts in edentulous subjects suggests an odontogenic cause. Conclusions According to the findings of the present study, the presence of mucosal thickening or mucosal cysts may be due to the presence of irritative stimuli, often an infection of dental origin, as these findings are more prevalent in dentulous subjects. Clinical Significance The panoramic radiograph is an excellent diagnostic tool for the identification of mucosal thickening and mucosal cysts. The accurate diagnosis of infective foci (chronic apical periodontitis, deep pockets caused by periodontitis) is necessary, because in conditions of decreased host resistance it may lead to acute sinusitis. Citation Mathew AL, Sholapurkar AA, Pai KM. Maxillary Sinus Findings in the Elderly: A Panoramic Radiographic Study. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):041-048. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume10-issue6-mathew.

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Bhardwaj, Atul, Puneeta D. Ahuja, Sheetal P. Mhaske, Gaurav Mishra, and Ruby Dwivedi. "Assessment of Root Resorption and Root Shape by Periapical and Panoramic Radiographs: A Comparative Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 6 (2017): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2069.

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ABSTRACT Introduction One of the common findings encountered by the clinician at the end of orthodontic treatment is the apical root resorption. Root resorption occurs to various degrees. A severe form of root resorption is characterized by shortening of root for more than 4 mm or more than one-third of the total tooth length. A low incidence rate of resorption is observed based on radiographic findings for the diagnosis of root resorption, panoramic radiography, and periapical radiography. Hence, we evaluated the accuracy of panoramic radiographic films for assessing the root resorption in comparison with the periapical films. Materials and methods This study included the assessment of all the cases in which pre- and post-treatment radiographs were available for analysis of the assessment of the amount of root resorption. Complete records of 80 patients were analyzed. Examination of a total of 900 teeth was done. Mean age of the patients in this study was 21 years ranging from 11 to 38 years. The majority of the patients in the present study were females. All the treatments were carried out by registered orthodontists having minimum experience of more than 10 years. All the cases were divided into two study groups. Group I comprised panoramic radiographic findings, while group II consisted of periapical radiographic findings. For the measurement of crown portion, root portion, and the complete root length, magnification loops of over 100 powers with parallax correction with inbuilt grids were used. Assessment of the tooth length and the crown length was done by the same observers. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 6.0. Results Maximum amount of root resorption was observed in case of maxillary central incisors and canines among group I and II cases respectively. However, nonsignificant difference was obtained while comparing the mean root resorption in relation to maxillary incisors and canines among the two study groups. While comparing the overall value of root resorption among the two study groups, a significant difference was obtained. The maximum value of tooth length in both the groups was observed in cases of maxillary canines. Significant differences were observed while comparing the tooth length of various teeth among the two study groups. Among the deviated forms of root shape, dilaceration was the most common form of root shape detected in both the study groups. Conclusion Periapical radiographs are more efficient in the assessment of the shape and resorption of the root. Clinical significance Thorough evaluation of periapical radiographs is necessary for detection of even minute levels of root resorption. How to cite this article Ahuja PD, Mhaske SP, Mishra G, Bhardwaj A, Dwivedi R, Mangalekar SB. Assessment of Root Resorption and Root Shape by Periapical and Panoramic Radiographs: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(6):479-483.

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Alhamdu, Moi, Ukeme Pius, and Joseph Dlama. "Assessment of the rationale behind the concurrent practice of conventional and computed radiography in two federal hospitals in Maiduguri, Borno state." Journal of applied health sciences 5, no. 1 (2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/1/5/1/12.

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Objectives: To determine the rationale behind the concurrent practice of conventional and computed radiography systems in two federal hospitals and to determine the advantages and disadvantages Methodology: Fifty-one questionnaires comprising 22 items and divided into four sections were distributed to radiologists, radiographers and intern radiographers. Analysis was carried out using the Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis with the significance level of p&lt;0.05. Results: Most respondents (68.6%, n=35) agreed that the incidence of preference of one radiographic system over the other by referring physicians was the main rationale for the concurrent practice of both radiographic systems in their departments. Majority (88.2%, n=45) agreed that the main advantage of the concurrent practice of both radiographic systems was that each radiographic system could serve as backup in the event of breakdown of one system. Majority (66.7%, n=34) agreed that the main disadvantage of the concurrent practice of both radiographic systems was that it was expensive to practice and maintain both systems concurrently. Chi square value was statistically significant p&lt;0.005. Conclusion: The major rationale was preference by referring physicians. The study revealed the advantages of the concurrent practice of both radiographic systems and the provision of a backup system in the event of break down. The disadvantage of the concurrent practice of both radiographic systems is the cost of maintenance and the incidence of undue preference of one radiographic system over another. Acknowledgement: we acknowledge the management and staff of Radiology departments of the two hospitals where the study took place.

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Kerrigan, Alicia, and Waleed Kishta. "Radiographic Analysis of Surgically Treated Flatfoot Deformity in Children with Cerebral Palsy." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (2018): 2473011418S0028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00285.

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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Pes planovalgus is the most common foot deformity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Many of these patients become functionally limited and require surgical intervention. The objectives of this study are to apply previously validated radiographic parameters to radiographs of children with CP who have undergone surgical intervention for pes planovalgus deformity and to assess if these radiographic parameters show improvements post-operatively. Furthermore, this study aims to determine which of these parameters can most accurately be used to quantify correction post-surgery. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to identify patients aged five to 17 with a diagnosis of CP who underwent lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomy for pes planovalgus between 2006 and 2015 at London Health Sciences Center. The previously validated radiographic measurements were applied to pre-operative and post-operative radiographs. A normality test was performed to observe whether participants were normally distributed with regard to the severity of their deformity. Paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare changes in radiographic measurements from before and after surgery. Results: Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria. The average age of selected patients was 13.06 years (range 9.42-16.75 years). This included 11 males and six females, all with spastic CP (12 diplegic, five hemiplegic). Of these patients, 11 underwent bilateral surgery and six underwent unilateral surgery (28 feet). These patients were followed post-operatively for a mean of 7.97 months (range 1.5-20 months). In comparing the radiographs from before and after surgery, statistically significant changes were seen in five out of the seven measurements. Talonavicular coverage angle was found to have the most significant change post-correction. Conclusion: The previously validated radiographic parameters used to assess foot and ankle deformity can be applied to the surgically treated pes planovalgus foot in patients with CP. It was found that five out of the seven measurements used to assess foot deformity changed significantly with surgical intervention. Talonavicular coverage angle was found to be the most accurate measure for post-surgical correction. This is the first study to apply these parameters to CP patients with surgically treated flatfoot deformity. Lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomy significantly improves these radiographic measures.

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Najefi, Ali-Asgar, Olatunbosun Buraimoh, and Andrew Goldberg. "Should the Tibiotalar Angle Be Measured Using an AP or Mortise X-ray?" Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (2018): 2473011418S0036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00364.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: The tibiotalar angle(TTA) is an important radiographic tool to determine alignment or malalignment of the ankle and hindfoot.Two methods of measuring the TTA have been described. The midline TTA(MTTA) is when the first line is along the anatomical axis of the tibia, and the second line is along the superior articular surface of the talus. Another method measures a line along the lateral border of the tibia, and a line along the superior articular surface of the talus (the lateral TTA, LTTA). The aims of the study were to compare the two angles as measured on mortise and AP radiographs in normal and pathological cases.We also compared the MTTA and LTTA, to see if they are comparable and if both methods are reliable and reproducible. Methods: A retrospective radiograph review was performed of sequential ankle radiographs taken between 2016 and 2017 across 4 specialist orthopaedic centres in the United Kingdom. Patients were categorised into two distinct groups. In the Normal Group (NG), patients had no evidence of injury and normal radiological appearances. In the Arthritis Group (AG), patients had radiographic changes as per the Kellgren-Lawrence scale 2 to 4. All radiographs were weightbearing and classified as either AP or mortise views based on the position of the talus and overlap of the tibia and fibula. The MTTA and the LTTA were measured on each radiograph. Results: There were 320 radiographs for review;158 normal radiographs and 162 radiographs had arthritis.There were 117 AP and 203 mortise radiographs. The overall mean MTTA was 88.7±5.1 degrees(range 77-104), and the mean LTTA was 87.5±5.2 degrees(range 73-104);p<0.01.There was no significant difference between the MTTA and LTTA in the normal group. There was a significant difference(p<0.01) when comparing the MTTA and LTTA in the arthritis group(Table 1). There was no significant difference when the MTTA was measured between the AP and Mortise radiographs. There was a significant difference in the LTTA between AP and mortise radiographs(p=0.04). There was no significant difference between the MTTA or LTTA when measuring the angles on AP radiographs(p=0.09).However, there was a significant difference when measuring these angles in the mortise radiographs(p=0.02). Conclusion: Understanding the tibiotalar angle is key to planning for deformity correction. It is important that consistency of methods for measurement are used for reporting. In this paper we have shown the MTTA to be a reliable and reproducible tool for measuring the TTA, in both normal ankle radiographs and in patients with ankle arthritis. There is no significant difference when the MTTA is measured using an AP or a mortise radiograph. In contrast, we have shown that the LTTA to be unreliable and statistically different when measured on both AP and mortise radiographs.

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Ghorbanhoseini, Mohammad, Christopher Miller, John Y. Kwon, Kempland Walley, and Azadeh Ghaheri. "High Variability of Observed Weight Bearing During Standing Foot and Ankle Radiographs." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (2017): 2473011417S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000178.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics, Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Weight bearing radiographs are a critical component of evaluating foot and ankle pathology. An underlying assumption is that patients are placing 50% of their body weight on the affected foot during image acquisition. The accuracy of weight bearing during radiographs is unknown and, presumably, variable, which may result in uncertain ability of the resultant radiographs to accurately portray the pathology of interest. Methods: 50 subjects were tested. The percent body weight through the foot of interest was measured at the moment of radiographic image acquisition. The subject was then instructed to “bear ½ body weight” prior to the next radiograph. The percent body weight was calculated and compared to ideal 50% weight bearing. Results: The mean percent body weight in trial 1 and 2 was 45.7% ± 3.2% (p=0.012 compared to 50% mark) and 49.2% ± 2.4%, respectively (p=0.428 compared to 50%). The mean absolute difference in percent weight bearing compared to 50% in trials 1 and 2 was 9.3% ± 2.25% and 5.75% ± 1.8%, respectively (p=0.005). For trial 1, 18/50 subjects were within the “ideal” (45-55%) range for weight bearing compared to 32/50 on trial 2 (p=0.005). In trial 1 24/50 subjects had “appropriate” (>45%) weight bearing compared to 39/50 on trial 2 (p=0.002). Conclusion: There is substantial variability in the weight applied during radiograph acquisition. This study raises significant questions about assumptions we, as orthopaedic surgeons, have made regarding weight bearing radiographs, their reliability and how we should proceed when evaluating them.

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Franklin, Daniel, Lauren Swift, and Ambika Flavel. "‘Virtual anthropology’ and radiographic imaging in the Forensic Medical Sciences." Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences 6, no. 2 (2016): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2016.05.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiographic sciences"

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Cherry, Shirley J. "Radiographic Pathology of the Skeletal System." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2481.

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Verhovsek, Ester L. "Radiography Curriculum Change Update: American Society of Radiologic Technologists." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2591.

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Evanoff, Michael Geoffrey 1964. "Automatic identification of chest orientation in digital radiographic images." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282811.

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Radiology departments are implementing conversion from the use of hard copy film in favor of digital imaging. New digital acquisitions are increasing the efficacy of radiological imaging. The outputs of new modalities such as magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) are digital. They both involve gathering information that allows reconstructing cross sectional projections of internal structures and displaying them as digital images. Other technologies, e.g., computed radiography (CR), can provide digital radiographic data that replaces analog projection radiography. To date, the processed digital data is still transferred to film to provide a typical radiographic film in appearance. The film is presented to the doctor for diagnostic review. The research in this dissertation is concerned with making a film-less department. It specifically addresses problems in presenting CR images to the physician. The goal of this research is to create a computer recognition algorithm that will automatically recognize the orientation and discriminate between the lateral and posteroanterior view of digital chest radiographs image. The algorithm maintains 91.9% accuracy rate. The recognition takes .15 second per image.

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Colorado, Claudia. "Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of MTA Pulpotomies: A Retrospective Study." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3438.

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Vital pulp therapy is the group of procedures indicated to maintain pulp vitality allowing for continued root development and apical closure in the presence of pulp exposure due to caries or trauma. Complete maturation results in stronger tooth structure that is more able to withstand occlusal forces. Historically, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) was the material of choice for a vital pulpotomy. Recently mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used as a pulp sealing material because of its biocompatibility and its ability to induce hard tissue barrier formation. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy procedures performed with MTA. All patients receiving MTA pulpotomies and MTA pulp caps at Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry Graduate Endodontic Practice between November 30, 2009 and August 15, 2013 were recalled and evaluated for presence or absence of clinical symptoms, pulp vitality, radiographic evaluation of continued root development, dentin bridge formation or pulp canal obliteration. Results were analyzed descriptively. At time of treatment caries was found to be the most common etiologic factor. Fifty-seven percent of cases were symptomatic at time of treatment (43% asymptomatic). Forty-seven percent of the teeth presented with immature apices (53% with radiographically closed apices). Overall recall rate was 50%. At recall all teeth were clinically asymptomatic. Forty seven percent of teeth tested normally to cold (33% were non-responsive to cold) at recall. Pulp canal obliteration was seen in 6 cases, 4 molars and 2 anterior teeth. In conclusion, MTA pulpotomy and MTA direct pulp caps are a predictable treatment modality for young vital permanent teeth affected by caries or trauma.

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Saunders, Andrea J. "An evaluation of radiographic screening for tuberculosis in immigrants to Canada /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79120.

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Introduction. Foreign-born persons applying for permanent residence in Canada must undergo radiographic screening for tuberculosis (TB). As a screening tool for TB, however, the chest x-ray has a number of limitations.<br>Objectives. To evaluate the reliability of chest radiographic screening as well as its ability to detect prevalent active TB and predict future incident disease in immigrants to Canada.<br>Methods. Immigration screening x-rays were categorized by 12 physicians experienced in TB; observer agreement was calculated using the kappa coefficient. The prevalence and incidence of active TB diagnosed among applications screened at the Montreal Chest Institute between 1995 and 1998 was measured.<br>Results. Intra- and inter-observer agreement was fair to moderate. Among 36,433 applicants screened, 53 prevalent cases were detected (0.145%) and 19 incident cases were reported post-screening (25.7 per 100,000 person-years).<br>Conclusion. Radiographic screening successfully detects immigrants with active TB but is limited in preventing future incident cases. Observer agreement needs to be improved.

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Hall, Nathan E. "A Radiographic Analysis of Variance in Lower Incisor Enamel Thickness." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/887.

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The purpose of this study was to help predict the enamel thickness of mandibular incisors. At least two direct digital periapical radiographs were made for each of the 80 subjects. Radiographs were scaled to control for magnification errors using dental study models and computer software. Mesiodistal incisor width and mesial and distal enamel thicknesses were measured. Lateral incisors were determined to be wider than central incisors and distal enamel thicknesses were larger than mesial enamel thicknesses on average. The African American group demonstrated wider incisors and enamel thicknesses than the Caucasian group on average. Enamel thickness positively correlated with tooth width for all incisors. No statistically significant differences were detected between male and female groups. Some conclusions relating to enamel thickness can be made based on race, incisor position, and incisor width, but correlations were not considered strong enough to accurately determine enamel width, without the aid of radiographs.

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AlAli, Tareq. "A Comparison of Rectangular vs. Circular Radiographic Collimation During Simulated Endodontic Therapy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3012.

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Rectangular collimation is used in dentistry to reduce radiation by restricting the x-ray beam to approximately the size of a number 2 intraoral film (3.2X4.1 cm). However, this restricted beam size can lead to exposure errors. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the number of radiographs exposed and the presence of technical errors by the use of traditional circular or rectangular collimators during endodontic therapy on simulated teeth in manikins. A total of 1475 digital radiographs of 84 teeth exposed by 60 dental students were evaluated. Evaluation was done by a board certified endodontist, an endodontic resident, and a dental student. Analysis of the different raters showed no significant differences among the three. Radiographs were randomized and blindly renamed. Repeated-measures mixed-model ANOVA was used to compare the number of radiographs exposed using the different collimators. Although not statistically significant (P<.05), there were 15% more radiographs taken with the rectangular collimator when compared to the circular collimator. Using a repeated-measures logistic regression, there was a significant difference of the proportion of radiographs with cone cuts (P = .0003) taken with a rectangular collimator (59%) compared to radiographs taken with a circular collimator (19%). There was no significant evidence for a collimator difference when considering missed apex (P = .0986) or missed apex due to a cone cut (P = .0631). In order to expose high quality radiographs avoiding cone cuts, a traditional circular collimator may be indicated for use during endodontic therapy.

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Labib, Sameh A. "The determination of the mechanical axis of the knee on a short X-ray : a new radiographic technique." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56999.

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Most authors recommend drawing the mechanical axis on a three-foot (90 cm) full leg length x-ray for accurate assessment of knee alignment. Three foot x-rays are difficult to perform and reproduce and involve undue radiation to the gonads. The purpose of this project is to propose a new radiographic technique whereby the mechanical axis of the knee can be assessed on a short A/P x-ray of the entire tibia.<br>Methodology. 21 normal adults and 25 patients with malaligned knees were investigated in the following manner--the patient was x-rayed in standing position with the legs positioned exactly parallel to one another and vertical to the floor. Under these circumstances, the ankles were apart by a distance (distance F$ sb1$) equal to the distance between the femoral heads (distance F). The mechanical axes were hence parallel to one another and parallel to the long axis of the x-ray cassette and vertical to the floor. Two separate x-rays were taken, a three-foot (90cm) long x-ray and a short x- ray of the entire tibia. The mechanical axis was determined on the 90 cm, three-foot long x-ray.<br>A vertical line drawn on the short x-ray starting from the centre of the ankle and extended upwards and parallel to the long axis of the x-ray cassette could accurately identify the mechanical axis of the knee using either technique. (Fig. 1)<br>The technique has been called the "Parallel Mechanical Axes X-ray Technique". It has been validated and it will be demonstrated that such an x-ray technique: (1) Standardizes positioning of the lower extremities. (2) Is a precise, easily controllable method to assess knee alignment. (3) A short x-ray of the entire tibia is sufficient, thus reducing the cost of x-rays by 50%. (4) Obviates the need to visualize the pelvis thus minimizing net radiation exposure. (5) May be used in clinics and smaller hospitals, since it requires simple and inexpensive x-ray facilities.

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Kased, Azad, and Peter Quach. "A Questionnaire Study on Patient Knowledge on X-ray Radiation Effects on Human Health from Dental Radiographic Examination." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-143417.

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Swedish Radiation Safety Authority has suggested guide-lines regarding information to individuals who undergo radiographic examinations. The guide-lines concerns medical care but patients in dental care can also be expected to have a wish to be informed about ionizing radiation. The main objective was to find out the patient’s perception of their knowledge about x-ray radiation and if they have a need to know more about x-rays. A questionnaire study was performed at two public dental clinics in Sweden during a twomonth period in the summer 2016. Patients ≥ 18 years old who gave their consent to participate were included in the study. Of all 429 participants 44 % declared an average knowledge about x-ray radiation and 37 % of all participants declared an inadequate knowledge. A total of 54 % had been informed about x-ray and its effects. School was the most common information source. Approximately 76 % had the perception that dental x-ray radiation is not harmful. 51 % declared the need to know more about x-ray. Approximately 52 % declared no knowledge about natural background radiation and 59 % declared it valuable to know more about dental x-ray in relation to natural background radiation. The participants showed mixed opinion and perception about x-ray radiation. A majority of patients want to know more about x-ray radiation. The study did not identify any particular group(s) needing more information about x-ray radiation than what is included in the justification of the radiographic examination.

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Hadley, David Lloyd. "A Comparison of five radiographic systems to D-speed film in the detection of artificial bone lesions." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1273.

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The purpose of this study was to compare three direct digital sensors (Kodak 6100, Schick CDR, and Dexis PerfectSize), a phosphor plate system (OpTime), and F-speed film to standard D-speed film in the detection of artificial bone lesions prepared in mandible bone sections. Multiple artificial bone lesions were prepared at varying depths in the cortical bone. Specimens were imaged with six different radiographic systems. Radiographs were randomly presented to nine different observers. A logistic regression analysis indicated that the ability of the different radiographic systems to detect the bone lesions was significantly different at the mean percentage of cortical bone remaining. The Kodak filtered, Schick filtered, OpTime unfiltered, Schick unfiltered, and Dexis filtered images were significantly better at lesion detection compared to D-speed film. Also, all filtered digital images were significantly better at lesion detection than D-speed film.

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Books on the topic "Radiographic sciences"

1

Emil, Reif, ed. Pocket atlas of radiographic anatomy. 2nd ed. Thieme, 2000.

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Schebitz, Horst. Atlas of radiographic anatomy of the dog and cat. 4th ed. Parey, 1986.

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Schebitz, Horst. Atlas of radiographic anatomy of the dog and cat =: Atlas der Röntgenanatomie von Hund und Katze. 4th ed. P. Parey Scientific Pub., 1986.

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H, Wilkens, ed. Atlas of radiographic anatomy of the dog and cat =: Atlas der rontgenanatomie von hund und katze. 4th ed. Paul Parey, 1987.

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Malott, Jack C. The art and science ofmedical radiography. 7th ed. Mosby Year Book, 1993.

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Mckenna, Adler Arlene, ed. Principles of radiographic imaging: An art and a science. 2nd ed. Delmar Publishers, 1996.

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Carlton, Richard R. Principles of radiographic imaging: An art and a science. Delmar Publishers, 1992.

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Carlton, Richard R. Principles of radiographic imaging: An art and a science. 3rd ed. Delmar Thomson Learning, 2000.

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Krinitzsky, E. L. Radiography in the Earth Sciences and Soil Mechanics. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1803-3.

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C, Malott Jack, and Morgan James A, eds. The art and science of medical radiography. 6th ed. Catholic Health Association of the United States, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Radiographic sciences"

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Abella, Alicia, and John R. Kender. "Automatic summarization of radiographic imagery." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63623-4_70.

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Sumita, Mitsugu, Suguru Ueda, Kazuro Iwata, and Nobuo Hamada. "Application of Fractal Theory to Radiographic Screen-film Graininess." In Science on Form. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3757-4_7.

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Szeptycka, M., and P. Szymański. "Remarks on Muon Radiography." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2287-5_31.

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Koca, Kenan, and Samet Verim. "The Radiographic Evaluation of the Musculoskeletal System and Spine." In Musculoskeletal Research and Basic Science. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20777-3_7.

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Winkler, Bjoern. "17. Applications of Neutron Radiography and Neutron Tomography." In Neutron Scattering in Earth Sciences, edited by Hans Rudolf Wenk. De Gruyter, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509445-022.

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Jain, Anil K., Hong Chen, and Silviu Minut. "Dental Biometrics: Human Identification Using Dental Radiographs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44887-x_51.

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Pansiot, Julien, and Edmond Boyer. "3D Imaging from Video and Planar Radiography." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46726-9_52.

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Schilham, Arnold M. R., Bram van Ginneken, and Marco Loog. "Multi-scale Nodule Detection in Chest Radiographs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39899-8_74.

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Gornale, Shivanand S., Pooja U. Patravali, and Prakash S. Hiremath. "Osteoarthritis Detection in Knee Radiographic Images Using Multiresolution Wavelet Filters." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0493-5_4.

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Analoui, M., and G. K. Stookey. "Direct Digital Radiography for Caries Detection and Analysis." In Monographs in Oral Science. KARGER, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000061634.

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Conference papers on the topic "Radiographic sciences"

1

Halls, Benjamin R., Timothy B. Morgan, Theodore Heindel, Terrence R. Meyer, and Alan Kastengren. "High-speed radiographic spray imaging with a broadband tube source." In 52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-0736.

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Cassany, Bruno, Baptiste Cadilhon, Patrick Modin, and Romain Pecquois. "Investigations on a double pulses generator for radiographic applications." In 2013 IEEE 40th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2013.6635191.

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Halim, Suhaila Abd, Rohayu Abdul Razak, Arsmah Ibrahim, and Yupiter HP Manurung. "Application of Perona Malik anisotropic diffusion on digital radiographic image." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (SKSM21): Germination of Mathematical Sciences Education and Research towards Global Sustainability. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4887563.

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Halim, Suhaila Abd, Bertha Trissan Petrus, Arsmah Ibrahim, Yupiter HP Manurung, and Mohd Idris Jayes. "Weld defect detection on digital radiographic image using level set method." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND STATISTICS 2013 (ICMSS2013): Proceedings of the International Conference on Mathematical Sciences and Statistics 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4823902.

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Leckbee, Joshua J., Steve Cordova, Bryan V. Oliver, et al. "Expansion of the radiographic linear transformer driver (LTD) TO 2.5 MV." In 2010 IEEE 37th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2010.5534187.

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Hammel, B. A., T. S. Perry, B. A. Remington, and J. D. Kilkenny. "X-ray radiographic measurements of hydrodynamic phenomena in radiation driven solid density material." In International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1993.593608.

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Abd Halim, Suhaila, Akhma Zahid, Nurul Syafinaz Abdul Razak, Arsmah Ibrahim, Yupiter HP Manurung, and Mohd Idris Jayes. "Foreground marker controlled watershed on digital radiographic image for weld discontinuity detection." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES: Research in Mathematical Sciences: A Catalyst for Creativity and Innovation. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801176.

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Martin, P., and J. Threadgold. "Critical current dependence on geometry in the self-magnetic-pinch radiographic diode." In 2012 IEEE 39th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2012.6383602.

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Yuksel, Ayhan, Zumray Dokur, Mehmet Korurek, and Tamer Olmez. "Modeling of inhomogeneous intensityd istribution of X-ray source in radiographic images." In 2008 23rd International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (ISCIS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscis.2008.4717952.

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Halim, Suhaila Abd, Arsmah Ibrahim, and Yupiter H. P. Manurung. "The performance of PDE-based image denoising on radiographic images." In ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS: Proceedings of 23rd Malaysian National Symposium of Mathematical Sciences (SKSM23). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4954525.

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