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Ekayultania, Vivin Nadine, Ryna Dwi Yanuaryska, and Silviana Farrah Diba. "Panoramic and periapical radiographs utilization in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI): narrative review." Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia (JRDI) 5, no. 3 (2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v5i3.714.
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Objectives: The purpose of this narrative review is to discover radiographic images in panoramic and periapical radiographs that are used as identifiers and to compare the use of panoramic and periapical radiographs in identification based on DVI.
 Review: The databases used in this narrative review are Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. A total of 1258 search results appeared based on keywords. The search results were selected by title and abstract according to their relevance to the review topic, then results are selected again based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Total of 38 literatures were reviewed. This review shows radiographic identifiers used in panoramic radiographs are tooth restorations, crown, Root Canal Treatment (RCT), dental bridge, dental implants, maxillary sinus, rectilinear metal plate, orthodontic brackets, tooth anomaly, and root morphology. The radiographic identifiers used in periapical radiograph are tooth restorations, PSA, tooth anomaly, and root morphology. In this review, 53.8% of the literatures used panoramic radiograph for identification, whereas 46.2% used periapical radiograph.
 Conclusion: This review concluded that the most used radiographic identifier in panoramic radiograph is tooth restoration (57,1%) whereas in periapical radiograph is RCT (83,3%). Panoramic radiography were used in 53,8% of the literatures in this review, it was used more than periapical radiography.
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Gegler, Aderson, and Vania Fontanella. "Metodização da técnica triangular de rastreamento de curvaturas e perfurações radiculares." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 40, no. 1 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.111047.
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In the diagnosis and exact localization of root curvatures and perforations the "three-angled technique of radiographic tracing" is employed and consists in three periapical radiographs . The aim of this study was to veriry if with technique's methodization it is possible to reduce the number of radiographic exposures in these diagnoses. Eight-four exlrated teeth were pelforated and radiographed. Two of three radiographs were given to three observers and, later, the third radiograph was supplied. The results have shown that the diagnosis given with two radiographs does not differ statistically from that with three.
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Foss, O. A., J. Klaksvik, P. Benum, and S. Anda. "Pelvic rotations: a pelvic phantom study." Acta Radiologica 48, no. 6 (2007): 650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850701326941.
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Background: Radiographic measurements made on standard pelvic radiographs are commonly used in studying conditions related to the hip joints. Effects caused by variations in pelvic orientation may be a source of error in comparing measurements between sequential radiographs. Purpose: To define and characterize parameters able to measure rotational differences separately around two axes and altered radiographic focusing along two axes when sequential standard anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiographs are compared. Material and Methods: A pelvic phantom was constructed based on direct three-dimensional measurements of five defined landmarks in a pelvic model. Two ratios, the vertical and transversal rotation ratios, were defined using radiographs of the phantom. The phantom was radiographed in 33 different orientations and with 16 different radiographic focuses using a specially constructed tilt table. On each radiograph, measurements were made and the two rotation ratios were calculated using a measurement program. Results: Linear correlations between pelvic rotations around one axis and the corresponding rotation ratio were found with almost no influence of simultaneous rotation around the other axis. Also, linear correlations were found between altered radiographic focusing along one axis and the non-corresponding rotation ratio. Conclusion: Rotational differences around two axes or altered radiographic focusing along two axes can be measured independently. Effects caused by rotations cannot be distinguished from effects caused by altered radiographic focusing.
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Rini Hatma Rusli, Ira Sandi Tunny, Maritje S. J. Malisngorar, Akhmadi Akhmadi, and Yohannes Hursepunny. "Perbandingan Kualitas Citra Radiograf Kepala Menggunakan Grid dan Tanpa Grid pada Computed Radiografi." Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2022): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jikki.v2i2.4176.
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One factor that plays an important role in the quality of radiodiagnostic examination results is radiographic contrast. When examining thick objects, radiographic contrast will decrease as a result of the large amount of scattered radiation originating from the object and reaching the film. To obtain optimal radiographic contrast on thick objects such as the head, it can be done in various ways, including using a grid. The grid is a tool that functions to absorb scattered radiation but can still transmit primary radiation. Examination of the head is done to get the head radiograph and to determine any abnormalities or diseases of the head. This examination was performed using the grid and without grid to compare the better results of radiographs. Radiographs results were obtained using processing film, Computed Radiography (CR). This research used descriptive study conducted at Hospital Tk. II Pelamonia Makassar on January 2020. Based on the results of the research which conducted for examination of the head using grid and without grid on CR cassette obtained that the result of radiograph examination of the head using a grid was better.
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Rini Hatma Rusli, Ira Sandi Tunny, Maritje S. J. Malisngorar, Akhmadi Akhmadi, and Yohannes Hursepunny. "Perbandingan Kualitas Citra Radiograf Kepala Menggunakan Grid dan Tanpa Grid pada Computed Radiografi." Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 6, no. 1 (2022): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.57214/jusika.v6i1.524.
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One factor that plays an important role in the quality of radiodiagnostic examination results is radiographic contrast. When examining thick objects, radiographic contrast will decrease as a result of the large amount of scattered radiation originating from the object and reaching the film. To obtain optimal radiographic contrast on thick objects such as the head, it can be done in various ways, including using a grid. The grid is a tool that functions to absorb scattered radiation but can still transmit primary radiation. Examination of the head is done to get the head radiograph and to determine any abnormalities or diseases of the head. This examination was performed using the grid and without grid to compare the better results of radiographs. Radiographs results were obtained using processing film, Computed Radiography (CR). This research used descriptive study conducted at Hospital Tk. II Pelamonia Makassar on January 2020. Based on the results of the research which conducted for examination of the head using grid and without grid on CR cassette obtained that the result of radiograph examination of the head using a grid was better.
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Suh, Jae Wan, Sunghyun Kim, and Hyun-woo Park. "Clinical Significance of Lateral Ankle Radiograph after the Reduction of a Syndesmosis Injury." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (2018): 2473011418S0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00470.
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Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: To introduce reliable and newly developed radiographic measures based on a lateral ankle radiograph to assess a syndesmotic reduction after screw fixation and to compare with the radiographic measures based on the anteroposterior (AP) and mortise radiographs. Methods: The postoperative ankle radiographs of 34 ankle fracture cases after screw fixation for concurrent syndesmosis injury were reviewed. Two radiographic parameters were measured on each AP and mortise radiograph; tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) and tibiofibular overlap (TFO). Five radiographic parameters were measured on the true lateral radiographs; the anteroposterior tibiofibular (APTF) ratio, anterior tibiofibular ratio (ATFR), posterior tibiofibular ratio (PTFR), distances of intersection of the anterior fibular border and the tibial plafond to anterior cortex of the tibia (AA’), and the intersection of posterior fibular border and tibial plafond to the tip of the posterior malleolus (BB’). In addition, the distance (XP) between the fibular posterior margin (X) crossing tibial plafond or the posterior malleolus and posterior articular margin (P) of the tibial plafond was measured on the lateral view. Results: Using TFCS and TFO in the AP and mortise radiographs, malreductions of syndesmosis were estimated in 17 of 34 cases (50.0%). Using the introduced and developed radiographic measures in the lateral radiographs, syndesmotic malreductions were estimated in 16 out of 34 cases (47.1%). Seventeen cases (50.0%) showed no evidence of postoperative diastasis using the radiographic criteria on the AP and mortise view, 10 cases (58.8%) of whom showed evidence of a malreduction on the lateral radiograph. The newly developed measurements, XP, were measured 0 in 11 out of 34 cases (32.4%). Conclusion: The reduction of syndemosis after screw fixation can be accurately assessed intraoperatively with a combination of several reliable radiographic measurements of lateral radiograph and traditional radiographic measurements of AP and mortise radiograph. Using various radiographic parameters selectively, malreduction could be prevented even when some parameters are difficult to measure because of implants or when posterior malleolar fracture is accompanied.
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Prastanti, Agustina Dwi, Darmini Darmini, Siti Daryati, Gatot Murti Wibowo, and Kesita Grace Natalia Suan. "Rancang Bangun Alat Pelapis Kaset Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi pada Pemeriksaan Radiografi." Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) 1, no. 1 (2025): 56–61. https://doi.org/10.31983/jimed.v1i1.12567.
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Background: Infection control in radiography is carried out by wrapping tapes and radiograph equipment using polyethylene plastic bags. Existing conditions in the hospital require at least 1 to 2 layers of plastic for each radiography in patients with a history of infectious diseases. The use of plastic causes the amount of infectious plastic waste to be increased. Therefore, an alternative is needed to use acrylic mica material that can be used repeatedly and is environmentally friendly as a replacement for plastic bags.Methods: This research design is a Research and Development (RnD) study with the ADDIE model which is carried out with five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data collection method is carried out by observation, testing the function of the tool, and then the data is processed and analyzed by criticizing the results of radiographic image quality using ImageJ software.Results: Four sizes of precision radiographic cassette coating have been produced with four radiographic cassette sizes. The average decrease in the mean number is 1.07%.Conclusion: The radiograph quality from using acrylic mica cassette coatings in radiograph examinations can still produce good quality radiographs based on the results of histogram graph analysis which produces graphs that have a similar shape between those without using cassette coatings and those with cassette coatings.
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Tugnait, A., D. V. Clerehugh, and P. N. Hirschmann. "Survey of radiographic practices for periodontal disease in UK and Irish dental teaching hospitals." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 29, no. 6 (2000): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj/dmfr/4600561.
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OBJECTIVES To assess current radiographic practices in dental teaching hospitals for the management of patients with periodontal diseases. METHODS All 17 dental teaching hospitals in UK and Ireland were sent a questionnaire on radiographic equipment and radiograph selection currently used for assessment of patients with destructive periodontal diseases. Opinions were recorded for advantages and disadvantages of the most frequently used radiographic views. RESULTS A 100% response rate was achieved. All hospitals used panoramic and specific periapical radiographs as one of their radiographic regimes for patients with periodontal disease. Fifty-three per cent of respondents most frequently took panoramic and selected periapical radiographs. Twenty-four per cent took full mouth periapical radiographs (FMPAs) most frequently and 18% took a panoramic radiograph alone. Twenty-four per cent of hospitals operated a protocol for selection of radiographs for periodontal patients. CONCLUSIONS The most commonly used views taken to assess periodontal status are panoramic radiographs with selected periapicals. Few hospitals operate a protocol for prescribing radiographs.
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Basso, Maria D., Fabiano Jeremias, Rita C. L. Cordeiro, and Lourdes Santos-Pinto. "Digital Radiography for Determination of Primary Tooth Length:In VivoandEx VivoStudies." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/939045.
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Background.Methods for determining the root canal length of the primary tooth should yield accurate and reproducible results.In vitrostudies show some limitations, which do not allow their findings to be directly transferred to a clinical situation.Aim.To compare the accuracy of radiographic tooth length obtained fromin vivodigital radiograph with that obtained fromex vivodigital radiograph.Method.Direct digital radiographs of 20 upper primary incisors were performed in teeth (2/3 radicular resorption) that were radiographed by an intraoral sensor, according to the long-cone technique. Teeth were extracted, measured, and mounted in a resin block, and then radiographic template was used to standardise the sensor-target distance (30 cm). The apparent tooth length (APTL) was obtained from the computer screen by means of an electronic ruler accompanying the digital radiography software (CDR 2.0), whereas the actual tooth length (ACTL) was obtained by means of a digital calliper following extraction. Data were compared to the ACTL by variance analysis and Pearson’s correlation test.Results.The values for APTL obtained fromin vivoradiography were slightly underestimated, whereas those values obtained fromex vivowere slightly overestimated. No significance was observed(P≤0.48)between APTL and ACTL.Conclusion.The length of primary teeth estimated byin vivoandex vivocomparisons using digital radiography was found to be similar to the actual tooth length.
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Kumar, K. V. Arun, V. R. Raghul, E. Pradeep, Haemanath Pandian, Aswin Vijay, and Mohideen Sheik. "Single Stance Radiography of the Knee Joint – A Novel Approach to Assess the Degree of Knee Osteoarthritis." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 14, no. 5 (2024): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2024.v14.i05.4476.
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Introduction: Conventional radiography has always been cited as the gold standard for assessing the structural changes associated with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The purpose of the study was to compare the joint space width between both leg-standing and one-leg-standing radiographs in an assessment of the severity of OA of the knee. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with medial compartment OA were deployed for the study. Patients underwent both leg standing radiographs and one-leg standing radiograph on the affected leg. Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) radiographic classification was used to assess the severity of OA using joint space width. Conclusion: The mean medial joint space width decreased from 3.26 mm in both legs of the standing radiograph to 1.98 mm in the one-leg standing radiograph. Patients on both leg standing radiographs appreciated an increase in grade during the single leg radiograph. Nearly 52% of patients with both leg standing radiographs have changed the KL grading to a more severe grade when undergone a single leg standing radiograph. One-leg standing radiograph was found to be a better representation of joint space width than both-leg standing radiographs. Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis, imaging, one-leg standing radiography, both leg standing radiography.
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Maghbuli, Hossein, Tahmine Razi, Elham Banakar, Parya Emamverdizade, and Sedighe Razi. "Positioning Errors in Panoramic Images Based on the Dentition Type of Patients Referring to the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department of Tabriz Dental School During 2017-2018." Avicenna Journal of Dental Research 15, no. 2 (2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajdr.2023.535.
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Background: Panoramic imaging is a technique to create images of facial structures. Various factors affect the preparation of a high quality and proper panoramic image, such as the patient’s proper position. The aim of this study was to investigate positional errors in panoramic images based on the dentition type of patients referring to oral and maxillofacial radiology department of Tabriz Dental School Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Radiology Department of Tabriz Dental School in 2017-18. Dentition of patients (primary, mixed, permanent, complete edentulous) was determined by radiography. 410 radiography per group (1640 samples) were selected from the archives of Radiology Department by simple random sampling method. one radiologist evaluated all the images in the same condition and in a semi-dark room, in a 21-inch DELL monitor, regarding the presence of each of the positioning errors. Radiographs that were repeated due to positioning errors and poor diagnostic quality were classified as unacceptable radiographic images. Results: In primary, mixed, permanent and edentulous dentitions, not attaching the tongue to the palate were the most errors in the radiographies, with 50.4%, 65.6%, 64.3% and 64.8%, respectively. The presence of 2 errors (563 radiographies, 34.3%) had the highest frequency. 123 radiographies (7.5%) were free of errors. Primary dentition with 95 radiographies (23.2%) had the highest unacceptable radiographies, and edentulous dentition with 29 radiographies (7.1%) had the lowest unacceptable radiographies. Chi-square test indicated that this finding was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusions: Positioning error has high prevalence in radiographic images, the most common of which is not attaching the tongue to the palate during radiography. In the primary dentition period, the number of acceptable radiographs was lower than the other periods.
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Peng, Cheng, Haofu Liao, Gina Wong, Jiebo Luo, S. Kevin Zhou, and Rama Chellappa. "XraySyn: Realistic View Synthesis From a Single Radiograph Through CT Priors." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 1 (2021): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i1.16120.
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A radiograph visualizes the internal anatomy of a patient through the use of X-ray, which projects 3D information onto a 2D plane. Hence, radiograph analysis naturally requires physicians to relate their prior knowledge about 3D human anatomy to 2D radiographs. Synthesizing novel radiographic views in a small range can assist physicians in interpreting anatomy more reliably; however, radiograph view synthesis is heavily ill-posed, lacking in paired data, and lacking in differentiable operations to leverage learning-based approaches. To address these problems, we use Computed Tomography (CT) for radiograph simulation and design a differentiable projection algorithm, which enables us to achieve geometrically consistent transformations between the radiography and CT domains. Our method, XraySyn, can synthesize novel views on real radiographs through a combination of realistic simulation and finetuning on real radiographs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on radiograph view synthesis. We show that by gaining an understanding of radiography in 3D space, our method can be applied to radiograph bone extraction and suppression without requiring groundtruth bone labels.
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Shrestha, S., S. Maharhan, U. Khanal, and M. Humagain. "Evaluation of image quality in cervical spine lateral radiographs." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 6, no. 1 (2017): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v6i1.16652.
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In diagnostic radiography, cervical lateral spine x-ray is common radiographic examination among imaging of cervical spine. Thus, it is important to show entire anatomical structure, adequate penetration, soft tissue of neck and bony detail. This study attempts to quantify the quality of cervical spine radiographs by evaluating the quality of depiction of the anatomical and physical details. In this cross-sectional study, about 188 cases of cervical spine lateral radiographs were collected for study over the three months of period. Nine image criteria i.e. anatomical coverage, soft tissue visualization, C7/T1 junction, sharp bony detail, proper chin raise, artifact, density, patient rotation and collimation were followed and tabulated. Obtained data were analyzed using in SPSS v.20 software and shown in frequency, percentages, bar diagrams and graphs. Among 188 patients, about 23.4% cervical radiographs met all image criteria but remaining 76.6% did not meet these criteria due to no anatomical coverage (33.5%), no proper chin raise (46.3%), artifact (13.3%), patient rotation (50%) and no collimation (33.5%). It is difficult to perform good quality cervical radiograph according to European guidelines14. To a great extent the quality of cervical radiographs depends upon skill of radiographer, equipment condition (x-ray machine, CR reader) and co-operation of patients. This is always a challenge for radiographer and technologist.
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Sarifah, Norlaila, Fadhlil Ulum A. Rahman, Aga Satria Nurrachman, Azhari Azhari, and Lusi Epsilawati. "CONSIDERATIONS OF MULTI-IMAGING MODALITIES FOR DIAGNOSING OF SIALOLITHIASIS IN THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND: A CASE REPORT." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 7, no. 2 (2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v7i2.14615.
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Introduction: Sialolithiasis is a condition that occurs due to obstruction in the salivary gland or ductus excretory by calculus or sialolith. Sialolithiasis was the most common disease of salivary glands with a percentage of about 50%, and approximately 80-90% occurs in the submandibular gland. This paper analyzes the sialolithiasis in the submandibular gland being reviewed from the radiograph. Radiography screening becomes one of the most essential supporting examinations to help enforce the diagnosis and treatment plan to be conducted.Case : A 33-year-old patient was seen in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. The chief complaint of swelling in the right side of his lower jaw was under the chin. Multi-imaging and radiography modalities screening were panoramic, occlusal, cervical, CT Scan, USG, and sialography. Case management : On radiographic examination, radiological suspicion was sialolithiasis with a well-defined and irregularly shaped radiopaque lesion in the lower right jaw area. Therefore, radiographic techniques with different modalities were performed to support each other in delivering accurate radiodiagnosis. Conclusion: The considerations of using appropriate multi-imaging and radiographic modalities are necessary to confirm the diagnosis of sialolithiasis in the submandibular salivary glands, especially in hard-recognized cases on plain radiographs. Keywords: Radiography, Sialolithiasis, Submandibular gland
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Verstraete, Frank J. Μ., Philip H. Kass, and Cheryl H. Terpak. "Diagnostic value of full-mouth radiography in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 59, no. 6 (1998): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1998.59.06.686.
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Abstract Objective To determine the diagnostic value of full-mouth radiography in dogs. Sample Population Prospective series of 226 dogs referred for dental treatment without previous full-mouth radiographic views being available. Procedure In a prospective nested case-control analysis of multiple outcomes in a hospital cohort of dogs presented for dental treatment, full-mouth radiographic views were obtained prior to oral examination and charting. After treatment, clinical and radiographic findings were compared, with reference to presenting problems, main clinical findings, additional information obtained from the radiographs, and unexpected radiographic findings. The importance of the radiographic findings in therapeutic decision-making was assessed. Results The main clinical findings were radiographically confirmed in all dogs. Selected presenting problems and main clinical findings yielded significantly increased odds ratios for a variety of other conditions, either expected or unexpected. Radiographs of teeth without clinical lesions yielded incidental or clinically important findings in 41.7 and 27.8% of dogs, respectively, and were considered of no clinical value in 30.5%. Radiographs of teeth with clinical lesions merely confirmed the findings in 24.3% of dogs, yielded additional or clinically essential information in 50.0 and 22.6%, respectively, and were considered of no value in 3.1%. Older dogs derived more benefit from full-mouth radiography than did younger dogs. Incidental findings were more common in larger dogs. Clinical Relevance Diagnostic yield of full-mouth radiography in new canine patients referred for dental treatment is high, and the routine use of such radiographs is justifiable. (Am J Vet Res 1998;59:686-691)
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Mattoon, J. S. "Digital radiography." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 19, no. 03 (2006): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632988.
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SummaryDigital radiography has been used in human medical imaging since the 1980's with recent and rapid acceptance into the veterinary profession. Using advanced image capture and computer technology, radiographic images are viewed on a computer monitor. This is advantageous because radiographic images can be adjusted using dedicated computer software to maximize diagnostic image quality. Digital images can be accessed at computer workstations throughout the hospital, instantly retrieved from computer archives, and transmitted via the internet for consultation or case referral. Digital radiographic data can also be incorporated into a hospital information system, making record keeping an entirely paperless process. Digital image acquisition is faster when compared to conventional screen-film radiography, improving workflow and patient throughput. Digital radiography greatly reduces the need for “retake” radiographs because of wide latitude in exposure factors. Also eliminated are costs associated with radiographic film and x-ray film development. Computed radiography, charged coupled devices, and flat panel detectors are types of digital radiography systems currently available.
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Akbar, Z., O. A. Al-Juhaishi, T. A. O. Olusa, and H. M. S. Davies. "Radiographic method for evaluation of tarsus morphometry." Comparative Exercise Physiology 15, no. 5 (2019): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep190016.
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The equine tarsus is the most common area of the hind limb associated with lameness. Tarsal function is probably directly related to its conformation. Previous conformational measurement methods and radiological data are either limited or too specific to explain the complex tarsus conformation in different loading conditions. This study aimed to develop a consistent method to evaluate equine tarsal conformation from lateromedial radiographs. Twenty cadaveric hind limbs from 15 adult horses of different breeds were cut at the distal one third of the tibia. Hind limbs mounted in a loading rig and positioned with the metatarsus vertical were digitally radiographed. The zero-degree lateromedial (ZLM) was defined by vertical and horizontal landmarks including overlapping of the lateral and medial trochlea of the talus and a contact point between the dorsal edges of lateral and medial borders of the distal central tarsal bone. Radiographs missing these features were retaken to achieve consistent ZLM views. Specific radiographic features were selected as landmarks to develop tarsal parameters based on their clarity and their being consistently identifiable. The intra-rater repeatability of ten measurable morphometric parameters was evaluated with each radiograph measured twice with an interval of at least one month and Bland-Altman plots developed from this data. Repeat measurements did not differ significantly (Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranged from 0.731-0.966). This study provides a base for evaluation of the tarsal conformation by radiography.
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Yunita Yunita and Ayu Mahani. "Studi Kasus Repeat (Pengulangan) Radiograf dengan Modalitas Digital Radiography (DR) di Instalasi Radiologi RSUD Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen." Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 4, no. 2 (2025): 227–41. https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v4i2.3929.
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Repeat analysis is a systematic method for analyzing radiographic images repeatedly to identify and reduce errors in digital processing. This method is part of the quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) program which aims to ensure optimal quality radiographic results. According to the Decree of the Minister of Health Number 129/Menkes/SK/II/2008 concerning the standard for repeat radiographic images <2%. This study aims to determine the factors that cause repeat photos and how to prevent repeat photos at Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen Hospital. This research method uses qualitative with a case study approach to analyze repeat radiographs using Digital Radiography (DR) at the Radiology Installation of Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen Hospital. The study was conducted from September 2024 to March 2025. The population includes all radiographic images with DR modality, while the sample is the result of repeat radiographic images. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews with three radiographers and one radiology specialist, and documentation. The average percentage of repeat X-ray photos on digital radiography modality in October 2024 was 1954 examinations with 122 repeats with a percentage of 6.24%, in November 2024 was 2206 examinations with 70 repeats with a percentage of 3.17%, in December 2024 was 2622 examinations with 16 repeats with a percentage of 0.61%. The percentage of repeats on digital radiography (DR) modality that occurred at Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen Hospital exceeded the standards set by the Minister of Health with repeat results> 2% in October and November 2024. The factors causing repeats are due to positioning, patient movement, exposure factors, artifacts and equipment. The suggestion to minimize repeats that occur is to increase the accuracy of the radiographer in conducting the examination.
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Reina-Bueno, Maria, Guillermo Lafuente-Sotillos, Jose M. Castillo-Lopez, Estela Gomez-Aguilar, and Pedro V. Munuera-Martinez. "Radiographic Assessment of Lower-Limb Discrepancy." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 107, no. 5 (2017): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/15-204.
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Background: This study compares different lower-limb length measurements using tests of lower-limb upright full-length radiography and anteroposterior radiography of load-bearing hips. Methods: Forty-seven consecutive individuals aged 17 to 61 years (mean ± SD, 31.47 ± 11.42 years) voluntarily took part in the study; 23 (48.9%) were women and 24 (51.1%) were men. All individuals presenting a difference of 5 mm or greater between both lower limbs quantified with a tape measure were included. All of the participants signed an informed consent form to take part in the study. Two anteroposterior load-bearing radiographs were taken: one of the hip and an upright full-length radiograph of the lower limbs. Lower-limb–length discrepancy was quantified by taking different reference points. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability was assessed for each radiographic measurement. Any correlation between the different measurements were also verified. Results: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability was high for all of the measurements because the intraclass correlation was greater than 0.75 in all of the cases. There was a strong and positive correlation between the different measurements because when performing bivariate correlations with the Pearson correlation coefficient, positive values close to 1 were found. Conclusions: In this study, the different reference points reported in the upright full-length radiograph in addition to the hip radiographs are useful for assessing lower-limb–length discrepancy. The results showed that there is a correct correlation between the different measurements.
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Carvalho, Kepler, Martim d. Pinto, Victoria Vivtcharenko, et al. "Comparison Between Hallux Rigidus Parameters Assessed by Conventional Radiographs and Weight- Bearing CT." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (2022): 2473011421S0060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00608.
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Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: The etiology of hallux rigidus (HR) is not well understood and its association with first-ray hypermobility, hallux valgus and metatarsus primus elevatus (MPE) has not been clearly proven. Recent studies have supported MPE in HR by measuring on weightbearing radiographs (WBR), but there are limitations of WBR due to variation in X-ray projection and superimposed metatarsals. WBCT represent a reliable tool for radiographic analysis of the first ray and can be important for the study pathologies such as HR, which involve several anatomical points to be evaluated for a correct clinical- radiographic diagnosis Our objective was to evaluate radiographic parameters associated with Hallux Rigidus via WBR and WBCT for convergent validity and to evaluate the use of the classification system used in conventional radiography with WBCT. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study from prospectively collected data. 20 symptomatic hallux rigidus patient with weightbearing radiograph and WBCT were enrolled from October 2014 to December 2020. Measured parameters included hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), 1st TMT joint version, First and second metatarsal lengths, 2nd cuneiform- 2nd metatarsal angle, Talus-1st Metatarsal angle, First and second metatarsal declination angles, and MPE. MPE was measured as the direct distance between 1st and 2nd metatarsals (modified Horton index). All patients were graded according to the radiographic criteria of Coughlin and Shurnas classification on radiographs and WBCT, separately. Paired T-test was performed to compare radiographic measurements with WBCT. Results: Mean age was 55.9. HVA (15.73° in X-ray vs 14.04° in WBCT), AP first TMT version (16.25° vs 16.47°), 2nd cuneiform- 2nd metatarsal angle (24.54° vs 26.60°), Talus-1st Metatarsal Angle (-7.67° vs -7.89°) were not different between radiograph and WBCT. MPE was measured higher in WBCT by 0.86 mm compared to radiograph. First metatarsal declination angle was lower in WBCT by 2.9° indicating increased MPE. When graded with radiographic findings, 5 (25%) patients were grade 1, 5 (25%) patients were grade 2 and 10 (50%) grade 3, when graded with WBCT, 1 (5%) patient had grade 1, 3 (15%) patients were grade 2 and 16 (80%) grade 3. When graded radiologically, subchondral cyst in proximal phalanx and metatarsal head were better delineated resulting in higher radiographic grade with WBCT. Dorsal subluxation/translation of first metatarsal at first TMT joint was observed 3 (15%) in radiograph and 9 (45%) in WBCT. Conclusion: Hallux Valgus Angle, AP first TMT version, 2nd cuneiform-2nd metatarsal angle, Talus-1st Metatarsal Angel demonstrated consistent measurements in radiograph and WBCT. MPE was measured higher in WBCT when measured with direct distance (0.86 mm) between the first and second metatarsals using modified Horton index and first metatarsal declination angle (2.9°). When graded with WBCT, the subchondral cyst in the proximal phalanx and metatarsal head were better delineated leading to higher grade in WBCT which infer WBCT grading system for HR can aid in early detection of advanced HR with high radiographic grades and potentially guide treatment accordingly.
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Joseph, Biju Baby, Meenu Joseph, Theertha Mohan, Thabsheera PP, and M. S. Deepa. "MANAGEMENT OF RADIOGRAPHIC WASTE IN DENTISTRY- A REVIEW." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 2 (2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i2.2020.175.
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Radiographs are imperative part of the complete assessment and treatment in medical and dental fields. The attractiveness and expediency of x ray technology extends way beyond the medical fields. Despite the fact that the advent of medical imaging reached to digital radiography, conventional radiography is still used by the practitioners. Unfortunately conventional radiographic procedures potentially generate hazardous waste products that have an alarming impact on environment. The accumulated waste products from the conventional radiographic methods may risk the environmental systems. Proper waste disposal and management is required to resolve this inevitable problem. The main intention of this article is to deal with the hazardous consequences of radiographic waste produced in dentistry and to enlighten the management methods to settle the impact of harmful effects of radiographic waste generated during dental procedure.
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Meenu, Joseph, Mohan Theertha, PP Thabsheera, Biju Baby Joseph Dr., and M. S. Deepa Dr. "MANAGEMENT OF RADIOGRAPHIC WASTE IN DENTISTRY- A REVIEW." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 8, no. 2 (2020): 8–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3692498.
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Radiographs are imperative part of the complete assessment and treatment in medical and dental fields. The attractiveness and expediency of x ray technology extends way beyond the medical fields. Despite the fact that the advent of medical imaging reached to digital radiography, conventional radiography is still used by the practitioners. Unfortunately conventional radiographic procedures potentially generate hazardous waste products that have an alarming impact on environment. The accumulated waste products from the conventional radiographic methods may risk the environmental systems. Proper waste disposal and management is required to resolve this inevitable problem. The main intention of this article is to deal with the hazardous consequences of radiographic waste produced in dentistry and to enlighten the management methods to settle the impact of harmful effects of radiographic waste generated during dental procedure.
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Byvank, T., D. D. Meyerhofer, P. A. Keiter, et al. "Monte Carlo N-Particle forward modeling for density reconstruction of double shell capsule radiographs." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 12 (2022): 123506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0119329.
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In the Double Shell Inertial Confinement Fusion concept, characterizing the shape asymmetry of imploding metal shells is vital for understanding energy-efficient compression and radiative losses of the thermonuclear fuel. The Monte Carlo N-Particle MCNP® code forward models radiography of Double Shell capsule implosions using the Advanced Radiographic Capability at the National Ignition Facility. A procedure is developed for using MCNP to reconstruct density profiles from the radiograph image intensity. For a given Double Shell imploding target geometry, MCNP radiographs predict image contrast, which can help guide experimental design. In future work, the calculated MCNP synthetic radiographs will be compared with experimental radiographs to determine the radial and azimuthal density profiles of the Double Shell capsules.
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Verstraete, Frank J. Μ., Philip H. Kass, and Cheryl H. Terpak. "Diagnostic value of full-mouth radiography in cats." American Journal of Veterinary Research 59, no. 6 (1998): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1998.59.06.692.
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Abstract Objective To determine the diagnostic value of full-mouth radiography in cats. Sample Population 115 cats referred for dental treatment without a previous full-mouth radiographic series available. Procedure In a prospective nested case-control analysis of multiple outcomes in a hospital cohort of cats referred for dental treatment, full-mouth radiography was done prior to oral examination and charting. After treatment, the clinical and radiographic findings were compared, with reference to presenting problems, main clinical findings, additional information obtained from radiography and unexpected radiographic findings. Importance of the radiographic findings in therapeutic decision making was assessed. Results The main clinical findings were radiographically confirmed in all cats. Odontoclastic resorption lesions, missed on clinical examination, were diagnosed in 8.7% of cats. Analysis of selected presenting problems and main clinical findings yielded significantly increased odds ratios for a variety of other conditions, either expected or unexpected. Radiographs of teeth without clinical lesions yielded incidental or clinically important findings in 4.8 and 41.7% of cats, respectively, and were considered of no clinical value in 53.6%. Radiographs of teeth with clinical lesions merely confirmed the findings in 13.9% of cats, but yielded additional or clinically essential information in 53.9 and 32.2%, respectively. Clinical Relevance The diagnostic yield of full-mouth radiography in new feline patients referred for dental treatment is high, and routine use of full-mouth radiography is justifiable. (Am J Vet Res 1998;59:692-695)
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Ismanto, S., and C. H. Hassan. "A Clinical Audit for Compliance on the Innovated Radiographic Technique at a Radiologic Unit." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 33, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.1.
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This study identifed X-ray laboratory users’ compliance with the innovated radiographic technique and evaluated it’s effectiveness in decreasing risks of repeating unnecessary X-ray exposure. The use of various steps in the standard operating procedures of radiography, proper radiographic technique and critique, practical protection measures, and radiographic positioning practice in X-ray laboratory at a private radiographic academy in Indonesia were audited. Thirty participants were used as the simple random sample. The demographic distribution was divided into, gender, nationality, and practical experience. Generally, out of 30 participants, 20 (67%) complied, and 10 (33%) did not. Radiograph image results showed that proper radiographic technique was effective in decreasing repetitive exposure among X-ray laboratory users.
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Younger, Alastair S., Bonita Sawatzky, and Peter Dryden. "Radiographic Assessment of Adult Flatfoot." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 10 (2005): 820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502601006.
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Background: The accurate measurement of flatfoot on standing radiographs allows correct diagnosis of the condition and evaluation of reconstructive procedures. Method: The standing radiographic measurements of patients with symptomatic, adult flatfoot were compared to controls using blinded observers. Results: On the lateral radiograph, the talar-to-first metatarsal angle, the calcaneal pitch angle, and the medial cuneiform-fifth metatarsal height differed significantly between the patient group and the controls. The difference in the talar-to-first metatarsal angles on lateral radiographs was the most statistically significant (patient group 21.1 ±10.8 degrees and control 7.1 ± 10.7 degrees, p < 0.0001) with good correlation between readings (intraobserver 0.75, interobserver 0.83). On the anteroposterior (AP) radiograph, the talar head uncoverage distance was the most significantly different measurement between these groups. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that the talar-first metatarsal angle is an accurate radiographic identifier of patients with symptomatic, adult flatfoot.
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Joshi, BR, and D. Bhusal. "Evaluation of image quality of pelvis antero-posterior view radiographs." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 39, no. 2 (2017): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.811.
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Introduction: Pelvic radiography is a common radiographic examination. Thus it is important to depict entire anatomical structure with an acceptable image quality. This study was done for quantitative evaluation of pelvis radiographs by depiction of the anatomical and physical details. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, about 11.5 pelvis radiographs were selected over two months period. Eight image quality criteria i.e. anatomical coverage, sharp bony detail, rotation, collimation, artifact, beam centering, SI joint visibility and gonad protection were included. Results: Out of the 115 radiographs, only about 13 fulfilled all the image quality criteria, the rest 87 lacked either one or more of the criteria. Conclusions: To a great extent the quality of the pelvic radiographs depends on the skill of radiographer, equipment condition Ex-ray machine CR reader) and also co-operation of patients.
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Yunus, Barunawaty, Muthia Mutmainnah Bachtiar, Astri Al-hutami Aziz, and Muhammad Iswanto Sabirin. "The application of intraoral radiography to assess the success of prosthodontic treatment." Makassar Dental Journal 10, no. 3 (2021): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35856/mdj.v10i3.450.
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Background: Intraoral radiography is a radiographic technique that is often used in dentistry. Almost all dental and oral care re-quires radiographic examination data to support optimal results. Intraoral periapical radiographs can be helpful and very import-ant in estimating the mesiodistal dimensions of the potential area for implant placement and for obtaining an initial estimate of the vertical dimension. Objective: to understand the use of intraoral radiography in prosthodontics. Conclusion: the use of in-traoral radiography has enormous benefits for rehabilitation treatment, especially in prosthodontics, be it the use of periapical, bitewing and occlusal techniques.
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Jacobs, Stanley G. "Localisation of the unerupted maxillary canine." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 9, no. 4 (1986): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoj-1986-0008.
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Abstract The need to localise unerupted teeth is a common clinical problem. lnspection, palpation and radiographic views are discussed. This paper concentrates on the radiographic localisation of the unerupted maxillary canine. Emphasis is given to the reduction of exposure of the patient to ionising radiation by (i) using a minimal number of radiographs and (ii) offering alternatives to the vertex occlusal radiograph.
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Krencnik, Tomaz, Tadej Jalsovec, Martina Klemenak, Petra Riznik, and Jernej Dolinsek. "Safety beyond Sight: Handheld Metal Detectors as Diagnostic Allies in the Management of Children Suspected to have Ingested Foreign Bodies." Diagnostics 14, no. 4 (2024): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14040356.
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Background. Foreign body (FB) ingestion remains a common cause of pediatric emergency department referrals, and the gold standard for detection is whole-digestive-tract radiographic examination. Our study explores whether handheld metal detectors (HHMD) can effectively identify the presence and location of ingested metal objects, potentially reducing the need for additional radiographic examination. Methods. We collected medical data from children with suspected metal FB ingestion who were referred to our emergency department (October 2017–March 2023), focusing on object type and correlating metal detector findings with radiographic images. Results. Data from 43 children (39.5% female; mean age: 4 y) referred to our emergency department were analyzed. Coins (32.6%), button batteries (18.6%), and hairpins (11.6%) were the most common ingested objects. Metal detectors detected the presence of FBs in 81.4% of cases (sensitivity: 89.7%; specificity: 100%). Radiographs, taken for 40 children, showed that the most common locations were the stomach (37%) and intestine (33%). The metal detector signals matched the radiography results in 69.8% of cases. According to HHMD, 34.9% of objects were accessible via endoscopy, contrasting with 51.2% via radiography (p < 0.05). Conclusion. While the findings obtained using handheld metal detectors often correlate well with radiograph findings in detecting metal FBs, for an important number of children, this confirmation is lacking, especially when determining the exact location of an object.
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Khummoon, Piyanut, Sirilawan Tohnak, Chutamas Deepho, Saran Worasakwutiphong, and Supanya Naivikul. "Accuracy of Extraoral Bitewing Compared with Histopathology in Proximal Caries Detection of Primary Molar Teeth." Asian Health, Science and Technology Reports 32, no. 1 (2024): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.69650/ahstr.2024.985.
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An accurate diagnosis of dental caries leads to a suitable treatment plan and prevents premature loss of primary teeth. Intraoral bitewing radiography helps caries determination but has limitations in pediatric patients with severe gag reflexes while the extraoral bitewing radiograph resolved the patients who refused to undergo intraoral radiographs. The research objective was to compare the accuracy of extraoral bitewing radiography and the gold standard histopathological examination for proximal caries detection in the primary molars. Twenty-four extracted primary molars with and without proximal caries were divided into three groups and arranged in the mimetic alveolar sockets of a 3D-printed skull and mandible. Two observers evaluated extraoral bitewing images separately twice at one-week intervals. The weighted kappa coefficients showed excellent intra-observer and inter-observer agreements between each session of the extraoral bitewing radiographic assessments. The Mann-Whitney U test showed no difference between the radiographic grading scores of extraoral bitewing images and the gold standard. The sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in cavitated carious lesions were higher than in non-cavitated carious lesions. In conclusion, extraoral bitewing is an alternative radiography for pediatric patients who are either uncooperative or intolerant to intraoral radiography.
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Lee, H., J. Kim, Y. Cho, M. Kim, N. Kim, and K. Lee. "Three-dimensional computed tomographic volume rendering imaging as a teaching tool in veterinary radiology instruction." Veterinární Medicína 55, No. 12 (2010): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2950-vetmed.
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The educational value of three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) volume rendering imaging was compared to conventional plain radiographic instruction in a veterinary radiology class. Veterinary radiology is an important subject in veterinary medicine and has been well-recognized as a primary diagnostic method. Many junior and senior students have difficulty interpreting two dimensional radiographs that depict three-dimensional organs. A total of 158 junior veterinary students with knowledge of anatomy, pathology, physiology, and other basic subjects were divided into two groups; Group 1 (n = 45) received conventional radiographic instruction using normal and representative abnormal canine thoracic and abdominal radiographs followed by repetition of the same one week later, while Group 2 (n = 113) received plain radiograph instruction as in Group 1 followed by volume-rendered 3D CT images from the same canine patient one week later. The evaluations were performed at the end of each instruction. In Group 1, the majority did not understand the radiographic signs and no significant improvement was observed. In Group 2, 13% and 20% of the students learned only from radiographs, and understood the thoracic and abdominal radiographic alterations, respectively. After studying the 3D CT images, more than 94% of the students deduced the reasons for the radiographic alterations on the radiographs (P &lt; 0.001). These results strongly suggest that 3D CT imaging is an effective tool for teaching radiographic anatomy to veterinary medical students.
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Andrade, C. R., B. W. Minto, R. M. Dreibi, et al. "Comparison of radiographic and tomographic evaluations for measurement of the Canal Flare Index in dogs." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 73, no. 3 (2021): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11987.
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ABSTRACT The outcome of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in dogs is directly related to surgical planning. Templating of radiographs prior to THA should help the surgeon anticipate prosthesis size and femoral shape allowing canal fill of the proximal metaphysis by the implant ensuring primary stable fixation. The canal flare index (CFI) obtained from radiograph has been used as a measure of risk of complications for the technique in human beings and dogs. However, standard radiographs only provide limited data for the selection of cementless prostheses and the assessment of their fit within the femoral canal, due to factors like radiographic magnification and femoral rotation. Therefore, three-dimensional evaluation based on computed tomography (CT) may be a better tool for CFI measurement. The aim of this study was to compare anatomical measurement with CFI values obtained from craniocaudal radiography and CT. Craniocaudal radiographs using a horizontal radiographic beam (CR), CT, and anatomical macroscopic measurements (A) were obtained from 45 femurs from 23 canine cadavers. The differences between the values of CFI obtained from radiograph (CFI-R), computed tomography on transverse (CFI- TT) and longitudinal axis (CFI-TL) compared to the CFI obtained from macroscopic measurements - gold standard - (CFI-A), and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) between the values, were evaluated by the Bland-Altman method. Dimensions obtained from CT techniques had a greatest mean difference from anatomical and CFI values were also different (P=0.032). Under the experimental conditions, the craniocaudal radiograph, provided the most accurate measurement of the CFI (mean difference: 0.087 ± 0.42).
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Liu, Kuan-Lin, Chen-Chie Wang, Ing-Ho Chen, Chia-Ming Chang, Wen-Tien Wu, and Kuang-Ting Yeh. "Radiographic Morphology and Method for Localization of the Adductor Tubercle on Anterior–Posterior Knee Radiographs." Journal of Knee Surgery 31, no. 08 (2017): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608872.
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AbstractThe adductor tubercle (AT) is a landmark for joint line identification in knee arthroplasty. Up to now, there has not been a dedicated study to define its morphology on an anterior–posterior (AP) radiograph. As a result, radiographic localization of the AT has been inconsistent and confusing. Ten bone specimens, each with the AT labeled with a metal marker, were radiographed to demonstrate the AT appearance on AP radiographs. Based on this knowledge, a method to locate the AT was developed. A total of 200 clinical radiographs were examined to further confirm the observed radiographic morphology with emphasis on the visibility of the AT and its association with the rotational status of the knee on radiographs. One hundred of them were used to test the reliability of this method of AT identification. Of the 200 ATs, 153 (76%) were clearly visible on radiographs as a faint pyramid-shaped shadow protruding outward from the inflexion point of the concave–convex silhouette over the femoral shaft-condylar junction, allowing direct identification. For invisible ATs (24%), this inflexion point was found to be a useful surrogate landmark for their identification. Locating the AT using this technique showed a good intra- and interobserver reliabilities. The proposed method may be valuable for the consistent use of this landmark in joint line identification on radiographs.
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Cook, J., M. Helphrey, D. Crouch, et al. "A novel radiographic method to facilitate measurement of the tibial plateau angle in dogs." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 20, no. 01 (2007): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1616583.
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SummaryThe tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) is commonly performed for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs. In order to be performed as described, this procedure relies on consistent measurement of the tibial plateau angle (TPA) on radiographs. This prospective study compared two radiographic methods for subsequent TPA measurement with respect to measured angle and ease of determining landmarks for measurement as determined by four observers. One method was the accepted standard radiographic protocol outlined in the TPLO training seminars. The other method involved a novel split image radiographic protocol not yet described in the literature. Participants' subjective scores as to ease of identifying landmarks and determining TPA on radiographs for each method were evaluated. Inter-observer TPA measurement variability was also assessed for each method. The novel radiographic method was judged to be significantly better in terms of ease of measuring TPA. Inter-observer measurement variability was considered appropriate for recommending use of this novel method for radiographing patients for TPA measurements.
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Orgill, Richard D., Thomas R. Pasic, Walter W. Peppler, and Mark D. Hoffman. "Radiographic Evaluation of Aspirated Metallic Foil Foreign Bodies." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 6 (2005): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511400601.
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Objectives: Aspirated objects generally represent items accessible to children. When metallic candy wrapper aspiration is questioned, radiographic studies may aid diagnosis. An infant with repeated chest radiographs negative for a metallic foreign body was found to have a multi-layer metallic candy wrapper in the left main bronchus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether conventional and dual-energy radiographic techniques exclude the presence of aspirated metallic foil wrappers. Methods: Single-layer and multi-layer metallic candy wrappers were radiographically studied with conventional and dual-energy radiographic techniques in 3 tissue models. Results: No single-layer metallic samples were detectable with conventional or dual-energy radiography. The multi-layer samples were not detectable at less than 8 layers (pulmonary tissue model) or 16 layers (mediastinal model) by either conventional or dual-energy radiography. Conclusions: Conventional and dual-energy chest radiographic techniques do not reliably exclude the presence of aspirated metallic foil wrappers.
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Gupta, Ishita, Astha Chaudhry, Solanki Savita, and Arvind Shetti. "Radiographic Assessment of Peri-implant Bone Level – A Comparative Study of Digital Intraoral and Digital Panoramic Radiography." Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije 62, no. 3 (2015): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sdj-2015-0012.
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Abstract Introduction The objective of this study was to compare two radiographic methods - digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiography in assessing marginal bone level around dental implants. The study also evaluated inter-observer and intra-observer reliability during repeated assessments. Material and Methods Marginal bone around 29 implants in 17 patients was assessed using standardized digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiographs. Two observers evaluated bone level by noting the thread at which marginal bone seemed to be attached at distal and mesial surfaces of the implants. The assessments were repeated after one week. Kappa statistics was used to evaluate agreement between assessments, observers, and radiographical methods. Results The agreement rate between digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiography was fair. Intra-observer agreement was very good, while inter-observer agreement was moderate. Conclusion Digital panoramic radiographs can be used to evaluate marginal bone level in patients with multiple implants and also to supplement intraoral radiographs. However, observer variability should be considered when comparing values from follow up studies for implant maintenance.
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Faradina Pratiwi, Raditya, Elitha Sundari Pulungan, and Dewi Andini. "PENGARUH FAKTOR EKSPOSI TERHADAP KUALITAS CITRA RADIOGRAFI PADA PEMERIKSAAN THORAX." JRI (Jurnal Radiografer Indonesia) 6, no. 1 (2023): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.55451/jri.v6i1.173.
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Background: The exposure factor is one of the factors that influence and determine the quality and quantity of X-ray radiation required in making radiographic images. Every radiographic examination requires precision in the use of exposure factors in both conventional radiographic modalities and in the use of CR. Selection of the right exposure factor using both conventional radiography and Computed Radiography (CR) can produce radiographs with optimal results.
 Methods: This type of research is a library research or literature review by reviewing as many as 50 journals related to image quality on radiograph of thorax during the last 10 years. Then the researchers screened the journals related to the the effect of exposure factors on image quality radiograph of thorax in as many as 4 journals .
 Results: Image quality analysis is carried out based on image visualization (observation) parameters which include contrast and image sharpness. The exposure factors of 60 kV and 25 mAs in the image shows good gradations, namely the difference from bright white to perfect grayish black and the difference between the phantom object and the area around the object. When using a 60 kV tube voltage, you can see abnormalities in the ribs. Using exposure factors of 75 kV and 3.2 mAs and 65 kV and 8 mAs the resulting images have the highest contrast.
 Conclusions: Based on the review results, there are several exposure factors that can be used in thorax examination, including 55 kV and 8 mAs due to factor regulation. This exposure is the optimization of the PA thorax examination, the use of the 60 kV and 25 mAs exposure factors, radiographic images can be read and have met good image quality on the object and 60 kV produces maximum contrast, this is in accordance with the theory of using tube voltage to see abnormalities that occurs in the ribs. The highest contrast on the chest X-ray image was obtained using the exposure factors of 75 kV and 3.2 mAs and 65 kV and 8 mAs.
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Dasegowda, Giridhar, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Alain S. Abi-Ghanem, et al. "Suboptimal Chest Radiography and Artificial Intelligence: The Problem and the Solution." Diagnostics 13, no. 3 (2023): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030412.
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Chest radiographs (CXR) are the most performed imaging tests and rank high among the radiographic exams with suboptimal quality and high rejection rates. Suboptimal CXRs can cause delays in patient care and pitfalls in radiographic interpretation, given their ubiquitous use in the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic ailments. Suboptimal CXRs can also compound and lead to high inter-radiologist variations in CXR interpretation. While advances in radiography with transitions to computerized and digital radiography have reduced the prevalence of suboptimal exams, the problem persists. Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the radiographic acquisition, triage, and interpretation of CXRs, could offer a plausible solution for suboptimal CXRs. We review the literature on suboptimal CXRs and the potential use of AI to help reduce the prevalence of suboptimal CXRs.
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Wiegel, Pia Saskia, Rebekka Mach, Ingo Nolte, et al. "Breed-specific values for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs without cardiac disease, and their relationship to Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS)." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0274085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274085.
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This prospective study aims to establish reference ranges for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs. The impact of clinical severity of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), gender, body condition score, and body weight on VHS, VLAS, and RLAD were investigated. Intra- and interobserver correlation was determined. Correlation of radiographic scores to echocardiographic left atrial dimension was inspected. Additionally, for VLAS and RLAD, correlation to VHS was examined. Additionally, an assessment of thoracic and vertebral malformations was performed. Forty-seven privately owned pugs underwent physical examination, echocardiography, and thoracic radiography to determine cardiac health. Thirty-two pugs were eligible for establishing reference ranges for VHS in right lateral radiographs, which was 11.25 ± 0.62 (95% range, 10.1–12.8). Reference ranges for VHS in left lateral, and for VLAS and RLAD in right lateral radiograph were determined in 30 pugs. The VHS in left lateral radiograph was 11.01 ± 0.70 (95% range, 9.4–12.6), VLAS was 1.96 ± 0.38 (95% range, 1.1–2.8), and RLAD was 1.59 ± 0.34 (95% range, 0.7–2.4). Clinical severity of BOAS did not show any impact on radiographic measurements. For VLAS, a significant correlation to VHS was detected by all observers. No other variables had a consistent influence on the radiographic scores given by all observers. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS (0.89 on right lateral and 0.91 on left lateral image), moderate for VLAS (0.49), and fair for RLAD (0.22). More than one third of the entire study population (18 of 47 pugs) showed at least one thoracic cavity or spine abnormality, often leading to considerable changes in vertebral body shape and size.
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Okşayan, Rıdvan, Ali Murat Aktan, Oral Sökücü, Esin Haştar, and Mehmet Ertuğrul Ciftci. "Does the Panoramic Radiography Have the Power to Identify the Gonial Angle in Orthodontics?" Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/219708.
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Purpose. The objective of this study was to assess gonial angle under the angle classification by comparing panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalometric radiograph.Materials and Methods. 49 patients (25 males, 24 females) with an age range of 12–29 years participated in the present study. Subjects were retrospectively selected among those categorised as skeletal and dental Class I, II, and III malocclusion group. Using lateral cephalometric radiograph, mandibular and ramal planes were drawn and based on these planes. Gonial angle was determined from two tangents which were drawn from the inferior border of the mandible and posterior borders of the condyle and ramus of both sides in the panoramic radiographs. Multiple comparison tests (ANOVA) were used to determine differences between the three angle groups.Results. There were no significant differences between Class I, II, and III malocclusion group values of gonial angles determined by lateral cephalometric radiograph and panoramic radiographs ().Conclusion. Panoramic radiograph results were shown to be as reliable as lateral cephalometric radiograph in all angle classifications. Panoramic radiography can be used as an alternative radiographic technique to detect gonial angle in orthodontic patients.
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Mestriner, Soraya Fernandes, Dionísio Vinha, and Wilson Mestriner Junior. "Comparison of different methods for the occlusal dentine caries diagnosis." Journal of Applied Oral Science 13, no. 1 (2005): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572005000100007.
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The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of in-vitro methods for the occlusal dentine caries diagnosis. Thirty-eight sites were evaluated on third molars without macroscopic carious cavitation in adult individuals from the city of Barretos (SP), Brazil. Visual inspection (VI), endoscopic evaluation (AcuCam), visual inspection and blunt-tipped exploratory probes (Tactile), conventional bite-wing radiographs (CR), direct bite-wing digital radiograph (DR), and direct digital radiograph with contrast and brightness controled (DRbc) were used by five observers. In order to validate the data, the teeth were sectioned and histologically evaluated. The average sensitivity and specificity values of the methods were respectively:0,25 , 0,96 (VI); 0,15 , 0,92 (AcuCam); 0,17 , 0,95 (Tactile); 0,45 , 0,73 (CR); 0,33 , 0,80 (DR) and 0,35 , 0,84 (DRbc) , the effectiveness of clinical methods (VI, AcuCam and Tactile) as well as that of radiographic methods (CR, DR and DRbc) were comparatively similar. The clinical methods presented a smaller number of false-positive diagnosis than the radiographic methods. It was concluded that visual inspection is an important diagnostic method; conventional bite-wing and digital radiography aid the diagnosis and are equally efficient to diagnose carious lesions in the dentine of teeth without visible cavitation.
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Lohe, Vidya K., Supriya V. Gupta, Ravindra P. Kadu, Ravikant V. Sune, Swapnil C. Mohod, and Mrunal G. Meshram. "Comparing the Accuracy of Conventional with Direct Digital Radiographic Method in Diagnosing the Periapical Lesions." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 19, no. 4 (2024): 666–70. https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_13_24.
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Background: Traditionally, the conventional radiograph forms the primary imaging modality in diagnosing, treating, and carrying out the follow-up of periapical lesions. Early lesions are hard to identify precisely due to the diffused and infiltrative characteristics of the inflammatory course in bone. There is much controversy concerning the precision of imaging technique in identifying radicular lesions. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty dentate patients with the age range of 16 years and above were recruited. After clinical examination of the subjects, conventional films and digital images were obtained separately on the same case by employing the bisecting angle technique for acquiring direct digital and conventional radiographic images. The digital images viewed by the observers and results were tabulated for statistical analysis. Results: Radiographic diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing the periapical processes was more by digital radiography than the conventional one. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the conventional radiograph being the gold standard has more diagnostic accuracy in measuring periapical lesions. Digital radiographs can be used as an alternative with the advantages being that there is no use of processing solution and the ability to enhance image, data storage, and diagnostic value also can be changed by the operator.
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Harper, T. A. M., O. I. Lanz, G. B. Daniel, S. R. Werre, and K. S. Aulakh. "Effect of stifle angle on the magnitude of the tibial plateau angle measurement in dogs with intact and transected cranial cruciate ligament." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 24, no. 04 (2011): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-10-09-0131.
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SummaryObjective: To determine the effect of stifle angle on the magnitude of the radiographic tibial plateau angle (TPA) in normal and cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) -deficient stifles.Methods: Three pairs of canine cadaver hind-limbs from three skeletally mature dogs were positioned in a custom-made positioning device. A lateral radiograph of each specimen was obtained before and after transection of the CCL at four stifle angles (90°, 110°, 135° and 140–150° [i.e. maximum extension]), based on goniometric measurements. Four observers determined the radiographic TPA twice for each radiograph with a minimum of two days between each measurement. The radiographic TPA measurements in all specimens at different stifle angles with intact CCL and transected CCL were compared with mixed-model ANOVA. The effect of stifle angle, CCL transection, and interaction between the two on observer TPA measurement variability was also determined using the coefficient of variation.Results: Tibial plateau angle was not statistically different in the stifle angles for either the intact or transected CCL. There was also no statistical difference for TPA between intact and transected CCL groups at each of the stifle angles. Stifle angle, CCL transection and interaction between the two did not have any significant effect for intra-observer and inter-observer variation.Clinical significance: The angle of the stifle during radiography does not influence the magnitude of the TPA measurement as determined on true lateral radiographs of the stifle and tibia in cadaveric canine limbs.
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Sivaneri, Mona, R. Constance Wiener, Alcinda K. Trickett Shockey, and Christopher Waters. "Dental Student Skills in Matching Radiographs for Forensic Identification and in Forensic Knowledge." Journal of Biomedical Education 2018 (April 2, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4389259.
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Purpose and Objectives. Dental and dental hygiene curricula must meet the core competencies established by the American Dental Association Commission on Dental Accreditation. As a result, there is limited time to expose students to the research and knowledge associated with additional important topics, such as dental forensics. The purpose of this research is to assess dental forensic knowledge and dental forensic radiographic skills of dental students. Methods. Ten radiographs of extracted permanent maxillary molars were exposed. One of the teeth was heat-altered to 600°F (315.6°C) for 15 minutes and then was radiographed. The 11 radiographs were presented to 152 dental students who were asked to match the radiograph of the heat-altered tooth to the original radiograph of that tooth. Students were also asked to respond to a 10-question survey about dental forensic knowledge. Results. Most (92.1%) students matched the heat-altered tooth’s radiograph with the original radiograph. Five survey questions had at least 70% of the respondents with correct responses. There were no statistically significant differences by dental class status or sex. Conclusion. Although dental students were competent in matching radiographs, there remains a need for more knowledge about dental forensics.
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Talib Jiboon, Atheer, Faaiz Y. Alhamdani, and Nagham Hussein Ali. "Radiographic Examination before Dental Extraction from Dentists’ Perspective." International Journal of Dentistry 2023 (March 22, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4970981.
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Background. It is generally agreed that radiographic examination is important before dental extraction. It provides information about the roots and the surrounding tissues. In terms of practice, it does not seem to be a universally implemented protocol regarding the use of dental radiology before dental extraction. Besides, the type of radiographic technique is not specified. Some references prefer periapical dental radiographs. Others prefer orthopantomography), or even cone beam computed tomography Delpachitra et al. (2021) [1]. In terms of the dental practice, it is not clear whether there is a universally adopted protocol regarding the use of dental radiographs before dental extraction. Aim of the study. To assess dental professionals’ perspective toward radiographic examination before conventional dental extraction. Materials and Methods. A Google form questionnaire was circulated to different dental professionals using mainly ResearchGate, in addition to different social media platforms. Results. One hundred and forty-five dentists participated in the questionnaire. The respondents were divided according to the country of current practice: national (Iraqi), regional (Middle Eastern), and international participants. Out of 144 respondents, 51.4% percent of the participants were international, while 40.3% were Iraqis, and 8.3% were from the Middle East. The need for dental radiography in all dental extraction procedures was reported in the majority of responses (n = 86). Only 11 dentists think there is no necessity for radiographic examination before conventional extraction. The chi-square test showed a highly significant relationship between the country of current practice and the need for X-ray examination for conventional dental extraction ( P < 0.01). Seventy-six dentists prefer periapical radiographs. Thirty-five preferred orthopantomography. A highly significant relationship was found between the country of practice and the X-ray technique ( P < 0.01). Conclusion. The study showed that there is no universally adopted protocol regarding the use of dental radiography before dental extraction. The country of practice appears to govern the dentists’ decisions regarding the need for an X-ray and the type of radiography prior to dental extraction. Periapical radiographs for posterior teeth seem to be the preferable choice before dental extraction.
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Bwanga, Osward, and Bornface Chinene. "Involvement of radiographers in the interpretation and reporting of general radiographic images." Medical Journal of Zambia 50, no. 4 (2024): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.50.4.440.
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Globally, radiographers play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of injuries and diseases. Radiographers have ample opportunities to encounter a wide variety of radiographic images throughout their training and careers. For this reason, radiographers are in a better position to communicate their radiographic observations to the referring clinician. However, there is a lack of clarity on the level of radiographers’ involvement in the interpretation and reporting of general radiographic images. Therefore, this educational article has identified and reviewed the three levels of involvement: abnormality detection system (red dot system), preliminary clinical evaluation (commentary reporting), and clinical reporting as identified from the literature. This information is important to the radiography profession and stakeholders in African countries planning to extend the role of a radiographer in image interpretation and reporting on general radiographic images.
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Chakraborty, Sankha S., S. Bhuvaneshwari, Balaji Manohar, Lipsa Bhuyan, CH Anupriya, and Awneet Kaur. "Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Direct Digital and Conventional Intraoral Peri-apical Radiographs in Identifying Interdental Bone Loss: An Observational Study." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 2 (2024): S1390—S1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_622_23.
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ABSTRACT The evaluation of conventional two-dimensional radiography is crucial in making the diagnosis of periodontitis. Radio-visiography (RVG) is one of the digital imaging modalities that have received significant recognition as a replacement for film-based radiography due to its improved image quality, quick turnaround time, and minimal radiation dose. In order to compare the diagnostic efficacy of Direct Digital and Conventional Intraoral Peri-apical Radiographs in identifying Interdental Bone Loss, the present investigation was carried out. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 96 patients prospectively. Radiographs were exposed using a Gendex Oralix AC machine. Statistical data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software using appropriate statistical tests. For both age categories, the radiographic method yielded a higher mean score than the periodontal probe method. The mean scores were noted to be higher following surgery. The radiographic approach recorded a greater mean score when gender groups were compared than the periodontal probe, which had a lower mean score. The mean scores after surgery were noted to be lower than the radiography approach and higher than the periodontal probe. The results demonstrate the radiographic technique’s significant advantage over clinical tests in determining furcation regions as well as its superior accuracy in spotting periodontal disintegration over clinical probing.
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Levicar, Charanthorn, Ingo Nolte, José Luis Granados-Soler, Fritjof Freise, Jonathan Friedemann Raue, and Jan-Peter Bach. "Methods of Radiographic Measurements of Heart and Left Atrial Size in Dogs with and without Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease: Intra- and Interobserver Agreement and Practicability of Different Methods." Animals 12, no. 19 (2022): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192531.
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Dogs suffering from Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD) show a potential heart enlargement, especially in the left atrium, detectable by radiography. Due to digital radiography, different radiographic measurements estimate cardiac size quite uncomplicatedly. The Vertebral Heart Size (VHS), Radiographic Left Atrial Dimension (RLAD), Left Atrial Width (LAWidth), and the Vertebral Left Atrial Size (VLAS) used anatomical landmarks for measuring cardiac size in relation to the vertebral column. This study aimed to compare VHS, RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS measured in conventional and inverted radiographs by veterinarians with different levels of experience in healthy dogs and dogs with MMVD. The reliability and user-friendliness of these measurements were evaluated, and the staging was compared to the echocardiography staging. A total of 50 unaffected dogs and 150 dogs with MMVD in stages B1, B2, and C were assessed. Three veterinarians with different levels of experience examined 200 conventional radiographs and their corresponding inverted radiographs blinded to the echocardiographic and clinical examination results. Analyses were performed to compare the measurements’ grading and determine anatomical landmarks with measurement difficulties. Additionally, inter- and intraobserver agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient, and the agreement between radiographic and echocardiographic staging was compared using the kappa coefficient. The VHS, LAWidth, and VLAS were easier to define than the RLAD. The interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS (0.962) and good for the other radiographic measurements (RLAD: 0.778, LAWidth: 0.772, VLAS: 0.858). The VHS assigned the most dogs to the correct stage. However, VHS, RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS presented an almost perfect intraobserver agreement. The dorsal left atrial margin of the RLAD was the most difficult measurement point to identify. The VHS is the most reproducible radiographic method for measuring the canine heart size and shows the highest agreement with echocardiography. An observer-related influence could be detected for RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS.
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Wenzig, Albert. "Assessing Mottled Indications when Digitally Radiographing Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds." Materials Evaluation 80, no. 1 (2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32548/10.32548/2022.me-800122_2.
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When radiographing an austenitic stainless steel weld with an appreciable weld deposit size, selecting a low radiographic kilovoltage (keV) can contribute to producing a radiographic indication that is not an imperfection. The contributors to this mottled condition are both radiographical and metallurgical. Electrons from low keV can diffract or absorb when penetrating through the dendritic grain structure of a weld. The increase in keV, or using gamma ray–equivalent isotopes, produces a marked change in electron output and penetration in material.