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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Radiotherapy and oncology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Short, Wesley A. "Evaluating the Dosimetric Accuracy of Small Gating Windows in Radiotherapy." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco152538625156708.

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2

Rojas, Callejas Ana Maria. "ARCON in experimental and clinical radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-207.

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3

Land, Imke. "The delivery limitations of adaptive radiotherapy systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2276/.

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Organ motion - whether due to respiration, cardiac motion or digestive processes - is one of the major problems in external beam radiotherapy as it limits the achievable precision in dose delivery. Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is a novel approach for a more precise dose delivery where measured patient-specific variations are used to change the delivery pattern throughout the treatment course. The aim of the work described in this thesis has been to contribute to the progress of ART by developing dynamic phantoms for the simulation of target motion, evaluating adaptive treatment strategies, and
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4

Abdelhamid, S. "Respiratory motion modelling and predictive tracking for adaptive radiotherapy." Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/f135cb12-e9f9-1e4f-9c57-6de2fc378069/1.

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External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is the most common form of radiation therapy (RT) that uses controlled energy sources to eradicate a predefined tumour volume, known as the planning target volume (PTV), whilst at the same time attempting to minimise the dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissues. Tumours in the thoracic and abdomen regions are susceptible to motion caused mainly by the patient respiration and movement that may occur during the treatment preparation and delivery. Usually, an adaptive approach termed adaptive radiation therapy (ART), which involves feedback from ima
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5

Curtin-Savard, Arthur. "Dose delivery uncertainty in photon beam radiotherapy." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22856.

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It is known that slight variations in total dose delivered to the patient in external beam photon radiotherapy can significantly alter the probability of tumour control. For this reason, ICRU has recommended a goal of $ pm$5% precision in the dose delivery to the target volume. Several investigators have analyzed the degree of precision routinely achieved and have come to the conclusion that ICRU's goal can be attained, but in practice this is just barely so.<br>We have measured the degree of precision which exists in our institution by examining each step of the radiotherapy process on a coba
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6

Rhodes, Charles Ray III. "Development of an Automated Program for Calculating Radiation Shielding in a Radiotherapy Vault." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1331557547.

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7

Muirhead, Rebecca. "The optimization of image guided radiotherapy in lung cancer." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2711/.

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The hypothesis of this work was whether IGRT could be safely implemented for clinical use in a busy oncology centre. I aimed to study a number of questions that remain unresolved in the current literature regarding safe and optimised implementation of IGRT techniques. The first study undertaken was the calculation of a local set up margin using two widely recognised margin recipes. This involved the assessment and analysis of multiple images belonging to 100 patients. This allowed progression onto the next project which was assessment of the optimal safe method of delineation of 4DCT. The most
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8

Vos, Andre. "Determination of an optimal treatment margin for intracranial tumours treated with radiotherapy at Groote Schuur Hospital." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33076.

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Background Accurate delivery of radiotherapy is a paramount component of providing safe oncological care. Margins are applied when planning radiotherapy to account for subclinical tumour spread, physiological movement and set-up error. Set-up error is unique to each radiotherapy institution and should be calculated for each organ site to ensure safe delivery of treatment. Aim and setting The aim of this study is to calculate the random and systematic set-up error for a cohort of patients with intracranial tumours treated with 3D Conformal Radiotherapy at the Department of Radiation Oncology, G
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9

Vedam, Subrahmanya. "Management of Respiratory Motion in Radiation Oncology." VCU Scholars Compass, 2002. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/162.

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Respiratory motion poses significant problems in the radiotherapy of tumors located at sites (lung, liver, pancreas, breast) that are affected by such motion. Effects of respiratory motion on the different stages of the radiotherapy process (imaging, treatment planning and treatment delivery), has formed the focus of significant research over the last decade. Results from such research have revealed that respiratory motion affects the instantaneous position of almost all structures in the thorax and abdomen to different degrees based on their corresponding anatomic location and muscular attach
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10

Sansourekidou, Patricia. "Accessibility of Innovative Services in Radiation Oncology." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7738.

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The field of radiation oncology (RO) involves the use of highly advanced techniques to treat cancer and safely spare healthy organs. The discipline has experienced rapid growth in the past 25 years, with technological advancement as the driving force. Available data and an instrument to effectively measure the accessibility of innovation in the field were lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accessibility of innovative services in RO in the United States and assess possible diffusion patterns. Two hundred and forty medical physicists practicing in RO in the United States c
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11

Tesson, Mathias Christian Stephane. "Copper-dependent enhancement of targeted radiotherapy by combination with the radiosensitiser disulfiram." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4760/.

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The purpose of this research was to enhance the targeted radiotherapy of two metastatic malignant diseases: neuroblastoma and prostatic carcinoma. By virtue of its high affinity for the norepinephrine transporter (NET), [131I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) has been used for the therapy of tumours of neuroectodermal origin for more than 25 years. Although not yet universally adopted, [131I]MIBG targeted radiotherapy remains a highly promising means of management of neuroblastoma. MIP-1095, a glutamate-urea-lysine dipeptide has high affinity for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) a
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12

Taylor, Carolyn W. "Breast cancer radiotherapy and heart disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c9dda3ca-8cb3-4a38-938d-0b75b4f6471d.

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Introduction: Some past breast cancer radiotherapy regimens led to an increased risk of death from heart disease. Although heart dose from breast cancer radiotherapy has generally reduced over the past few decades, there may still be some cardiac risk. Estimation of future risk for women irradiated today requires both measurement of their cardiac dose and dose-response relationships, which depend on cardiac dosimetry of past regimens, in conjunction with long-term follow-up data. Methods: Virtual simulation and computed tomography 3-dimensional treatment planning on a representative patient we
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13

Holmqvist, Annica. "Biological and histological factors as predictors in rectal cancer patients : A study in a clinical trial of preoperative radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Östergötlands Läns Landsting, Onkologiska kliniken US, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-66207.

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With improved surgical techniques and preoperative radiotherapy (RT) the local recurrence rate in rectal cancer patients has been reduced, however the mortality rate is still high and there is a huge variation in the response to preoperative RT in patients with the same tumour stage. To improve patient’s survival, it is of great importance to identify good prognostic and predictive factors that help us to select the best suited patients for preoperative RT in the future. For many years, studies of neoplastic transformation have mainly focused on tumour cells. In recent years, researchers have
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14

Jadon, Rashmi. "Adaptive image-guided radiotherapy strategies for implementation of IMRT in gynaecological malignancies." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/98750/.

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Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for gynaecological malignancies aims to reduce toxicity and improve tumour control. However, there are several barriers to its uptake in clinical practice. Amongst these are that of pelvic organ motion, whereby due to motion of the target organs on treatment there is a risk of geographical miss with IMRT. Secondly, although new IMRT techniques may improve bowel toxicity there is limited knowledge about dose-volume constraints for bowel, making it difficult to assess whether new techniques are likely to translate into clinical improvements. The purpose of
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15

Fakie, Nazia. "Advanced breast cancer: A retrospective review comparing two palliative radiotherapy protocols used at Groote Schuur Hospital between 2010 and 2013." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24483.

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Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate and compare the loco-regional progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and acute effects of the two breast palliative regimes used in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer between 2010 and 2013 in a single institution. Methods: Compliance to treatment, acute skin reactions, progression free and overall survival were retrospectively evaluated in patients who received palliative breast radiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer between 2010 and 2013. The radiotherapy regimes were either 4Gy per fraction for 5 fractions
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16

Ostyn, Mark R. "Reducing Uncertainty in Head and Neck Radiotherapy with Plastic Robotics." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5558.

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One of the greatest challenges in achieving accurate positioning in head and neck radiotherapy is that the anatomy at and above the cervical spine does not act as a single, mechanically rigid body. Current immobilization techniques contain residual uncertainties that are especially present in the lower neck that cannot be reduced by setting up to any single landmark. The work presented describes the development of a radiotherapy friendly mostly-plastic 6D robotic platform for positioning independent landmarks, (i.e., allowing remote, independent positioning of the skull relative to landmarks i
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17

Henson, Katherine Elizabeth. "Heart disease and lung cancer risks after radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:119bdbd9-00a7-484d-96f0-6b1e59dab696.

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Radiotherapy has been shown to increase the subsequent risk of heart disease among survivors of breast cancer, but little is known about factors, other than the dose of radiation delivered to the heart, which determine the magnitude of the risk. In addition, survivors of teenage and young adult cancer are internationally acknowledged as an understudied population, and limited information is available on their late health risks. This thesis sought to utilise the largest observational datasets available to date for these populations: the Collaborative Group on Observational Studies of Breast Can
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18

Royle, Georgina. "Towards quantitative intra-nuclear dose mapping of auger emitting radionuclides used for targeted radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:83c94d40-91a2-4175-b208-b5ea1bd5a207.

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Targeted radiotherapy (TRT) is a technique which allows for individual cancer cells to be targeted by radiation. However, there is variation in uptake at the whole body, organ, cellular and subcellular levels. This distribution affects the biological efficacy of the TRT agents. To address this problem, novel techniques have been developed and demonstrated. These aim to provide quantitative information about the spatial distribution of Auger electron (AE) emitting radiopharmaceuticals at the subcellular level. Two methods have been developed. The first, photoresist autoradiography (PAR), uses p
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19

Berthon, Beatrice. "Optimisation of Positron Emission Tomography based target volume delineation in head and neck radiotherapy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/69184/.

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Automatic segmentation of tumours using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was recommended for radiotherapy treatment (RT) planning of head and neck (H&N) cancer patients, and investigated in the scientific literature without reaching a consensus on the optimal process. This project aimed at evaluating the performance of PETCbased automatic segmentation (PETCAS) methods and developing an optimal PETC AS process to be used at Velindre Cancer Centre (VCC). For this purpose, ten algorithms were implemented to represent the most promising PETCAS approaches from a systematic review of the literatur
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20

Delaney, Geoffrey Paul SWSAHS Clinical School UNSW. "The Development of a New Measure of Linear Accelerator Throughput in Radiation Oncology Treatment Delivery - The Basic Treatment Equivalent (B.T.E.)." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. SWSAHS Clinical School, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/33381.

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The measurement of productivity in health care is difficult. Studies in various specialty disciplines of medicine have identified that the variation in complexities (casemix) between departments or hospitals will vary and therefore will affect any basic productivity statistics that are produced. Radiation oncology is a discipline of medicine where no such studies into radiotherapy casemix variations and the effect that these may have on productivity measures have been performed, despite the high capital expenditure involved in the delivery of radiotherapy. Radiation oncology productivity on l
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21

Johansson, Jonas. "Comparative Treatment Planning in Radiotherapy and Clinical Impact of Proton Relative Biological Effectiveness." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6593.

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22

Reilly, Andrew James. "Uniform framework for the objective assessment and optimisation of radiotherapy image quality." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5589.

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Image guidance has rapidly become central to current radiotherapy practice. A uniform framework is developed for evaluating image quality across all imaging modalities by modelling the ‘universal phantom’: breaking any phantom down into its constituent fundamental test objects and applying appropriate analysis techniques to these through the construction of an automated analysis tree. This is implemented practically through the new software package ‘IQWorks’ and is applicable to both radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging. For electronic portal imaging (EPI), excellent agreement was observed with
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23

Van, Jaarsveld Albert. "The role of adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer patients with axillary node negative or limited nodal disease after total mastectomy, axillary nodal clearance and systemic therapy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5931.

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24

Riddick, Alison. "Clinical symptoms and volumetric radiological responses of acoustic neuroma patients, treated with hypo-fractionated image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) at Groote Schuur hospital between 2013 and 2016." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30174.

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Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is the gold standard for treatment of small and medium sized tumours, although fractionated regimens are well described. Access is limited in resource-constrained settings. There are no South African data describing outcomes of AN patients treated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) using photons. We describe clinical and radiological outcomes of AN patients treated with SRT at an academic centre in Cape Town, South Africa. Objectives: To describe patient demographics, tumour characteristics and patients’ symptoms and changes i
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25

Benk, Véronique. "Effect of delay in initiating radiotherapy in patients with early-stage breast cancer : results of a natural experiment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/MQ55038.pdf.

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26

Mu, Xiangkui. "Clinical application of intensity and energy modulated radiotherapy with photon and electron beams." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Strålningsvetenskaper, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-443.

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27

Gyenes, Gábor. "Cardiac side-effects of adjuvant radiotherapy for early breast cancer /." [Budapest] ; Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/963-9106-04-6.

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28

Reddy, Bhiskar. "Dosimetric comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy and three dimensional conformal radiotherapy in the adjuvant setting for the management of gastric cancer : target volume coverage and normal tissue sparing." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12943.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>Whilst the benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in gastric cancer is known, the optimal means of delivery, including two dimensional conventional, three dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy is less certain. The purpose of this study is to assess and compare volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) plans in adjuvant radiation of gastric cancer.
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29

Chandrasekaran, Mekala. "The effect of photon dose calculation algorithms on the clinical outcome of radiotherapy as assessed by radiobiological models." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2012. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/9373/.

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The accuracy of dose calculation algorithms used for radiotherapy treatment planning play a significant role in the clinical outcome of various treatment regimens. Heterogeneities in human anatomy such as lung, air cavities, bone, soft tissue and fat present challenges to the dose calculation algorithms as they are prone to disrupt the charged-particle equilibrium. Monte Carlo (MC) based dose calculation algorithms are proven to be superior to all the current analytical algorithms owing to their ability to account for all the physical interactions that are involved in radiation transport. Nume
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30

Dahrouge, Simone. "Prediction of recurrence in prostate cancer following radiotherapy: Value of biomarkers microvessel density, MIB-1, P-53, BCL2, and Bax." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26367.

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Background. Standard traditional parameters relied on for estimating the risk of disease recurrence after curative radiotherapy in prostate cancer are stage, Gleason score and PSA. Objectives. To elucidate the prognostic role of biomarkers: P-53, MIB-1, MVD, Bax and BCL2 in prostate cancer. Method. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the risk of disease progression associated with these biomarkers and develop models based on traditional parameters only or incorporating biomarkers. Models were compared for their predictive potential using Akaike information criteria and concordan
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31

Nutting, Christopher. "Can intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) be used to reduce toxicity and improve tumour control in patients with head and neck cancer?" Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1128/.

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Radiotherapy is commonly used in the treatment of head and neck cancer. For early stage tumours, conventional radiotherapy techniques have a high cure rate and low levels of long-term complications. Patients with more advanced cancers have much lower cure rates and high levels of treatment-related complications. Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is a new form of focussed radiation therapy. It has been used to reduce the radiation dose to normal tissue structures and increase the dose delivered to tumour bearing tissues. This potentially allows reduced side effects and increased tumour co
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32

Cashmore, Jason. "Operation, characterisation & physical modelling of unflattened medical linear accelerator beams and their application to radiotherapy treatment planning." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4616/.

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The flattening filter is a conical shaped piece of metal sitting within the treatment head of a linear accelerator, used to produce a flat, uniform beam of X-rays from the forward-peaked distribution exiting the target. Despite their routine use since the introduction of the linac in the 1950’s, however, there are still several unresolved issues surrounding their use. The photon scatter and electron contamination introduced by modifying the fluence are difficult to model, as is the variation in energy spectrum caused by differential absorption across the field. Leakage radiation also causes in
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33

Belenkov, Alexandre I. "Ku86 antisense oligonucleotides and their delivery : increasing the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents in tumor treatment." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85125.

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One strategy to overcome intrinsic or acquired resistance of cancer cells to ionizing radiation (IR) and genotoxic chemotherapeutic agents is to modulate DNA repair. IR and some of these agents induce DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) that are primarily repaired in mammalian cell via the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. NHEJ is a crucial process that has been conserved highly throughout eukaryotic evolution. A DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) multi-protein complex plays an important role in NHEJ, and its increased level or activity is associated with acquired drug resistance
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34

Chilà, Deborah. "Dose tracking in radiation oncology using daily CBCT: effects of physical parameters on dose calculation accuracy." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20587/.

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The availability of cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images at the time of treatment has opened possibilities for recalculations and tracking of the delivered dose, becoming an effective tool for adaptive radiotherapy. A significant component in the accuracy of dose recalculation on CBCT images is the calibration of the Hounsfield units (HU) to density. The aim of this thesis, developed at the Policlinic of Modena, is to assert a methodology for the characterization of the HU-to-density calibration curve, and to evaluate the impact of the calibration phantom inserts composition and ph
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35

Orvehed, Hiltunen Erik. "Robust optimization of radiotherapy treatment plans considering time structures of the delivery." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datalogi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355628.

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Cancer is the second largest mortal disease in Sweden, and high efforts are made to develop the treatment of cancer. One of the main treatment methods is radiotherapy, which uses ionizing radiation to damage the cancerous cells. This has the chance of stopping the cell reproduction, and the goal is to reduce the tumor and stop the tumor growth. The most common forms of radiotherapy uses external beams to irradiate the tumor. In intensity modulated radiotherapy, IMRT, the beam fluences are optimized to give a highly conformal dose, i.e. a dose distribution which is restricted to the tumor and h
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Jackson, Mark Richard. "The identification and validation of Auger electron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals targeting telomerase for cancer therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:040d10f6-c69b-41d3-b73f-7c47c4053db2.

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Telomerase is expressed in the majority (>85%) of tumours but not in differentiated normal tissue. This enzyme catalyses the elongation of telomeres – a process critical for continued cell proliferation. Telomerase is a potential novel target for molecularly-targeted radiotherapy (mRT), due to its nuclear localization and expression profile. The radiolabelling of telomerase inhibitors may accelerate and enhance the cytotoxicity of such molecules, as a result of irradiation of the DNA. An oligonucleotide targeting telomerase RNA (hTR), shown to inhibit enzyme activity in vitro, was selected for
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Somaiah, Navita. "Investigating the role of DNA double strand break repair in determining sensitivity to radiotherapy fraction size." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8f941f8c-fa0d-4936-aac9-11549aaecb94.

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The dose of curative radiotherapy (RT) for cancer is commonly limited by adverse effects presenting years later. Late reacting normal tissues are, on average, more sensitive to the size of daily doses (fractions) than early reacting normal tissues and cancers. Clinical trials have shown breast cancers to be one exception to this rule, in that they are as sensitive to fraction size as the late reacting normal tissues. This has led to the adoption of hypofractionation (use of fractions >2.0 Gy) in the UK for the adjuvant therapy of women with early breast cancer. An understanding of the molecula
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38

Wryobeck, John M. "The role of fatigue, positive affect and negative affect in the reporting of quality of life in a group of radiation oncology patients." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074539.

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The use of quality of life instruments to evaluate the effect of cancer and its treatment on individuals has increased but the process by which the patient comes to make these quality of life evaluations has not been addressed. Earlier studies have shown the reporting of physical symptoms and the evaluation of one's health to be related to negative affect. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the relationship between negative affect and the evaluation of ones health would remain the same in a group of cancer patients, when a major disease and treatment symptom, fatigue was cont
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Ovtcharov, Slav. "Impact of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene on prostate cancer cell response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f30bf48d-fff5-49e7-8258-107a500c8752.

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Many aspects of the mechanisms by which prostate cancer (PCa) progresses from being a confined tumour to advanced metastatic and castration-resistant disease remain unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro the potential role of the fusion gene TMPRSS2-ERG in the response of PCa cells to ionising radiation (IR) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This research focused on assessing the presence of the TMPRSS2-ERG transcript across various PCa cell lines and identifying any correlation between the TMPRSS2-ERG transcript and other genes, particularly genes related to DNA damage r
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Bham, Saif Ahmed Shahab. "Role of delta-like 4 in solid tumours and response to radiation therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f977581c-a460-4876-9ce4-dcbe9494aa1e.

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Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is a ligand for the Notch family of receptors. DLL4 is an important regulator of angiogenesis and DLL4 blockade promotes non-productive angiogenesis and delays tumour growth. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of anti-DLL4 therapy in solid tumours in combination with a clinically relevant dose of ionising radiation (5 Gy; IR) and to analyse alterations in the Notch pathway induced by the treatments. Combining both treatments resulted in a greater than additive tumour growth delay in LS174T tumours, compared to either treatment alone. DLL4 blockade
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Thomas, Eloïse. "Développement d’une seconde génération de nanoparticules AGuIX pour des applications théranostiques en oncologie." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1121/document.

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Avec 8,8 millions de morts en 2015, le cancer est la deuxième cause de mortalité dans le monde et le nombre de nouveaux cas ne devrait cesser d'augmenter dans les décennies à venir. Il est donc primordial de développer de nouveaux outils pour le diagnostic et la thérapie de ces maladies. Dans ce contexte, l'Institut Lumière Matière a développé une nanoparticule appelée AGuIX® (Activation et Guidage de l'Irradiation X). De taille inférieure à 5 nm, elle est constituée d'une matrice de polysiloxane, à la surface de laquelle sont greffés de manière covalente des complexes de gadolinium. La présen
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Qvarnström, Fredrik. "DNA Damage Response of Normal Epidermis in the Clinical Setting of Fractionated Radiotherapy : Evidence of a preserved low-dose hypersensitivity response." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för onkologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101075.

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Investigations of DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms in normal tissues have implications for both cancer prevention and treatments. The accumulating knowledge about protein function and molecular markers makes it possible to directly trace and interpret cellular DDR in a tissue context. Using immunohistochemical techniques and digital image analysis, we have examined several principal DDR events in epidermis from patients undergoing fractionated radiotherapy. Acquiring biopsies from different regions of the skin provides the possibility to determine in vivo dose response at clinically releva
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Pirovano, Giacomo Maria. "TOPK as a novel determinant of radiosensitivity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a2b05e51-7f21-433f-8d28-51ac1a72a503.

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Radiotherapy is the use of ionising radiation to induce localised DNA damage to cancerous tissues, leading to cell death and disease control. In order to maximise tumour growth control and to limit damage of the healthy surrounding tissues and the consequent side effects for the patient, molecular determinants of tumour radioresistance are investigated as potential clinical targets. A high-throughput siRNA colony formation assay screen in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells previously published by our laboratory identified modulators of radiosensitivity. From the list CSF1R, EPHB2, GAK and TOPK, wer
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Montay, gruel Pierre-Gabriel. "Réponse du cerveau sain, des cellules souches neuronales et du glioblastome à une nouvelle technique de radiothérapie Flash." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS147.

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De nos jours, plus de 50% des patients porteurs de tumeur bénéficient d’un traitement de radiothérapie. Malgré de récentes avancées technologiques augmentant de la précision des traitements, la radiothérapie encéphalique induit toujours des effets secondaires invalidants et irréversibles. Ce constat justifie le développement de nouvelles techniques de radiothérapie. Des études précliniques réalisées sur l’irradiation FLASH ont montré la possibilité de maintenir un effet anti-tumoral tout en réduisant drastiquement les effets secondaires sur le tissu sain. Cet effet a été appelé « l’effet FLASH
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Cutter, David J. "Radiation-related cardiovascular disease following cancer therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3f02ca87-530d-4ee7-9382-4b457bec62b5.

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<b><u>Introduction:</b></u> Some cancer survivors are known to have an elevated risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. An important cause of this elevated risk is recognised to be irradiation of normal tissues during radiotherapy received as part of cancer therapy. There are substantial difficulties in studying radiation-related cardiovascular disease (RRCD). The reasons for this include the complexities of measuring radiation normal tissue doses retrospectively and the prolonged latencies of many of the cardiovascular endpoints. A variety of complimentary research method
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46

Sun, Aijun. "Radiolabeled acetate PET in oncology imaging studies on head and neck cancer, prostate cancer and normal distribution /." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå university, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-32980.

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Khan, Nadeem. "Dosimetric Calculation of a Thermo Brachytherapy Seed: A Monte Carlo Study." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1228860927.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2008.<br>"In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences." Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 153-155.
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Brada, Michael. "Contribution to the evolution of treatment and care of oncology patients : technical advances in radiotherapy, introduction of novel systemic therapies and innovative care, their implementation and evaluation with a particular focus on the central nervous system, thoracic, lymphoid and testicular tumours." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.682348.

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The last three decades have seen major advances in oncology. As an active researcher I have been at the forefront of the development and implementation of the changes which included new laboratory tests, the development and implementation of novel radiotherapy technology, technical and clinical evaluation of new techniques of radiotherapy including an interest in late side effects of treatment, systematic reviews of radiotherapy technologies, testing new systemic therapies and developing new methods of care. The dissertation includes the principal work published in peer reviewed literature. Wh
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Baro, Serrano Marta. "Estudio del efecto de dasatinib en combinación con cetuximab en un modelo animal de radioterapia experimental." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/125003.

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La hiperactividad del EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) confiere mal pronóstico. El EGFR se encuentra sobreexpresado en distintos tipos de tumores, entre ellos el cáncer de colon, pulmón, páncreas y cabeza y cuello (HNSCC). Además la cooperación con otros miembros de la familia del EGFR podría ampliar esta lista a otras neoplasias. La inhibición del EGFR es una de las vías de investigación más activa contra el cáncer. La radioterapia consigue, en un elevado porcentaje de casos, una buena respuesta. Sin embargo, la existencia de células resistentes a la radiación reduce el control tumo
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Vouche, Michael. "Radiation Segmentectomy, Radiation Lobectomy and Response Assessment after 90Yttrium Radioembolization for Hepatocellular carcinoma: Imaging and Clinical Implications." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/241979.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary liver cancer.Among treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma, Yttrium-90 radioembolization is a promising transarterial therapy.This thesis investigates potential clinical applications of radioembolization in the treatment of the hepatocellular carcinoma (techniques of radiation segmentectomy and radiation lobectomy), and adress the problematic of the response Assessment after radioembolization.<br>Doctorat en Sciences médicales (Médecine)<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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