Journal articles: 'Railroads and state – Zambia'

1

Nice, David C. "State regulation of railroads." Transportation Research Part A: General 21, no. 6 (November 1987): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-2607(87)90030-6.

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Poinsot, Philippe. "JULES DUPUIT AND THE RAILROADS: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE STATE?" Journal of the History of Economic Thought 38, no. 2 (May 11, 2016): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837216000080.

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The emergence of railroads in France in the nineteenth century raised new debates on analytical issues. The issue lies in the fact that they are natural monopolies. In this paper, I focus on Jules Dupuit’s work on the operations of the railroads. Curiously, he seemed to have defended two contrasting positions: on the one hand, he claimed that unlimited competition is the most efficient way to operate in the railroads; on the other, he stated that State management was the best way to run them. I aim to restore the consistency of Dupuit’s positions. I show that, for him, unlimited competition is not possible in the railroads and that it is not necessarily good for the welfare of society. Therefore, the State should regulate this sector. Then, I specify the conditions under which Dupuit believed the State should manage the railroads instead of offering concessions to private companies.

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Callen, Zachary. "Congress and the Railroads." American Politics Research 40, no. 2 (November 23, 2011): 293–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x11427072.

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This article argues that American federalism led both to a greater national role in rail promotion and more centralized railroads in the antebellum period. Local competition among states led Congressional representatives from state unable to build local railroads to turn to federal assistance. Early support for railroads came from representatives in the South and frontier, who were primarily drawn into rail coalitions because of their own inability to build local rail networks. However, over time, competition among states within the coalition as well as concerns about federal power led many initial members of the coalition to drop out. In their place, states that favored a stronger federal state stepped into the coalition and subsequently built a more nationally oriented rail system. This analysis argues that the shifting of policies from local control to national oversight due to local resource shortages is an important aspect of American states building.

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Mphaisha, Chisepo J. J. "The state of democratisation in Zambia." Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 38, no. 3 (November 2000): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14662040008447829.

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van Binsbergen, Wim. "Chiefs and the State in Independent Zambia." Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 19, no. 25-26 (January 1987): 139–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07329113.1987.10756397.

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Keefer, Philip. "Protection Against a Capricious State: French Investment and Spanish Railroads, 1845–1875." Journal of Economic History 56, no. 1 (March 1996): 170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700016065.

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Infrastructure construction is often associated with excessive, even corrupt, profits. This article argues that construction profits earned in Spanish railroads in the mid-nineteenth century were a response to the lack of credibility of the Spanish state. It also makes the first attempt to document excess construction profits in Spanish railroads by demonstrating, for example, financial links between railroad stockholders and the providers of construction goods and services and by directly estimating construction profits. The estimated excess construction profits only provided railroad entrepreneurs with a normal rate of return to their entire railroad-related investments.

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Schweitzer, Peter, and Olga Povoroznyuk. "Introduction." Transfers 10, no. 2-3 (December 1, 2020): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2020.10020311.

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This introduction attempts to situate railroads, which have rarely been the object of ethnographic attention, within current debates of anthropology and related disciplines. While mobility is certainly one dimension of human-railroad entanglements, the introduction calls to explore political, social, material, and affective lives of railroads in Europe and Asia as well. Often, connections provided by railroads are precarious at best: enveloped in state and local politics, they appear to some as promise and to others as menace. Planning, construction, decay, and reconstruction constitute the temporal and material life cycle of these infrastructures. Attending to particular ethnographic and historical contexts, the introduction aims to demonstrate how railroads, these potent symbols of modernity, continue to be good to think with.

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Pilkey-Jarvis, Linda, and Nhi Irwin. "Complexities of Oil Spill Contingency Planning for Railroads – Lessons Learned In Washington State." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 2096–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.2096.

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Abstract 2017-405 With the energy renaissance in the United States and the lack of inland pipeline distribution systems, increasingly railroads are transporting crude oil to coastal ports for refining and for further distribution over the water. In Washington State, rapidly changing modes of crude oil transportation, shifting away from vessel and towards rail delivery, resulted in a regulatory requirement for rail operators to develop state approved oil spill contingency plans. Oil spill planning for railroads can be complex, for instance, planning for spills in all types of terrains, environments and habitats, as railroads cross both inland and marine waters. Washington State regulations for railroad contingency plans have been developed in response to changes in oil movement and this paper presents lessons learned from that endeavor. During the rule process, a unit train carrying Bakken crude oil derailed in the Columbia River Gorge, providing an opportunity to draw those lessons into the final rules as adopted. This paper describes the State’s approach to working with large and small rail operators and concerned citizens, and shares the lessons that address the obstacles and opportunities unique to complex railroad oil spill planning.

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Gould, Jeremy. "Strong Bar, Weak State? Lawyers, Liberalism and State Formation in Zambia." Development and Change 37, no. 4 (July 2006): 921–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2006.00507.x.

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10

Berk, Gerald. "Adversaries by Design: Railroads and the American State, 1887–1916." Journal of Policy History 5, no. 3 (July 1993): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600007259.

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It has become commonplace to acknowledge the exceptionally adversarial nature of business-government relations in the United States. When compared to their counterparts in Germany, France, Japan, and the Nordic countries, American business executives have much more autonomy from the state; and yet, there is also greater distrust between business and government. Such adversarial relations, many students of comparative political economy argue, puts the United States in the late twentieth century at a disadvantage. Faced with competitors in the world market who cooperate with their respective governments on investment, training, and long-term sectoral development, American corporations compete in global markets under a considerable handicap.

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Angevine, Robert G. "Railroads and American Political Development: Infrastructure, Federalism, and State Building." Journal of American History 104, no. 4 (March 1, 2018): 1029–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jax477.

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12

Good, Kenneth. "Debt and the One-Party State in Zambia." Journal of Modern African Studies 27, no. 2 (June 1989): 297–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000495.

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In the debate over relief for Africa and the Third World, the situation of dictatorial, corrupt, and mismanaged régimes is often subsumed with the rest. It is rather uncritically accepted that indebtedness chiefly results from the impact of international factors, such as falling commodity prices, International Monetary Fund conditionalities, and rising metropolitan interest rates. The independent national state, whatever its policies and form, is seen as simply the passive victim of such forces, and little or no differentiation is made between the régime and the groups and classes of the domestic society.

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Resnick, Danielle. "Citizenship, political participation and the state in Zambia." Journal of Southern African Studies 47, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2021.1886527.

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14

Oldfield, John. "State politics, railroads, and Civil Rights in South Carolina, 1883–89." American Nineteenth Century History 5, no. 2 (January 2004): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1466465042000257864.

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Uchida, Jun. "“A Scramble for Freight”: The Politics of Collaboration along and across the Railway Tracks of Korea under Japanese Rule." Comparative Studies in Society and History 51, no. 1 (December 16, 2008): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417509000061.

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New interpretations constantly grow around a familiar story, like life along colonial railways. From the vast plains of America to the subcontinent of India, scholars have noted, railroads played a pivotal role in inscribing power on uncharted terrain. They facilitated conquest, opened lands for settlement, and fueled the colonial extractive economy. And railroads were more than mere “tools of empire.” From missionaries and administrators in the field to interlocutors in the distant metropole, Europeans celebrated railroads and their locomotives as vehicles of their “civilizing mission” on the benighted colonial frontier. Not only did railroads reshape local lands into well-ordered spaces of production, they also remade their non-European dwellers by uplifting them from their alleged state of cultural decline. An instrument of progress, industry, and rationality, the railroad was the personification of the model colonizer: it captured lands as well as the minds of their inhabitants, not by brute force but by the sheer power of modernity (see figure 1).

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Randall, Robert W. "Mexico's Pre-Revolutionary Reckoning with Railroads." Americas 42, no. 1 (July 1985): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006705.

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Economic considerations all but dominate recent historical writing in this country about the railroads of Mexico. Technical matters of construction and operation, as well as the role of the state in both, are touched upon, but economic interpretation, whether of the development of a railway system or of its impact on the nation, is the watchword if not catchword of most writing. Probably the leading example of the dominant approach is Growth against Development: The Economic Impact of Railroads in Porfirian Mexico (Northern Illinois University Press, 1981), by John H. Coatsworth, in which the author concludes that, while “the short run contribution of railroads to economic growth was large,” their longrun impact helped “to create the underdeveloped country Mexico has become.” Applying economic theory and measuring, Coatsworth in essence proves with numbers a case argued more elegantly in straight prose early in this century: that the application of a modern transportation network to a staple producing economy will do little more than extend and intensify the production system so as to increase the staple output.

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Parpart, Jane L., Cherry Gertzel, Carolyn Baylies, and Morris Szeftel. "The Dynamics of the One-Party State in Zambia." International Journal of African Historical Studies 18, no. 4 (1985): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/218823.

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18

Mphaisha, Chisepo J. J. "Retreat from democracy in post one‐party state Zambia." Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 34, no. 2 (July 1996): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14662049608447725.

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19

Rakodi, Carole. "The local state and urban local government in Zambia." Public Administration and Development 8, no. 1 (January 1988): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230080104.

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Gleisner, John. "What Causes More Destruction, AIDS or AID? Psychiatry in Zambia." Australasian Psychiatry 10, no. 2 (June 2002): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1665.2002.00426.x.

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Objective: To describe the state of mental health services in Zambia. Conclusions: Mental health services in Zambia are in a dreadful state, partly brought about by being afforded a low priority rating, in turn through a miscalculation. Richer countries may be in a position to help remedy Zambia's problems in this area.

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Noguchi, Paul H., and Steven J. Ericson. "The Sound of the Whistle: Railroads and the State in Meiji Japan." Monumenta Nipponica 51, no. 4 (1996): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2385436.

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22

Kinzley, W. Dean, and Steven J. Ericson. "The Sound of the Whistle: Railroads and the State in Meiji Japan." Journal of Japanese Studies 23, no. 2 (1997): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/133168.

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23

Howes, John F., and Steven J. Ericson. "The Sound of the Whistle: Railroads and the State in Meiji Japan." Pacific Affairs 71, no. 1 (1998): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2760845.

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Ramseyer, J. Mark, and Steven J. Ericson. "The Sound of the Whistle: Railroads and the State in Meiji Japan." American Historical Review 103, no. 2 (April 1998): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649881.

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25

Connolly, Michael J. "Zachary Callen, Railroads and American Political Development: Infrastructure, Federalism, and State Building." Journal of Transport History 40, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526619833890.

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26

Bean, Jonathan. "Zachary Callen. Railroads and American Political Development: Infrastructure, Federalism, and State Building." American Historical Review 123, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/123.1.224.

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Carmody, Pádraig, Godfrey Hampwaye, and Enock Sakala. "Globalisation and the Rise of the State? Chinese Geogovernance in Zambia." New Political Economy 17, no. 2 (April 2012): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2011.552107.

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Musambachime, M. C. "The Archives of Zambia's United National Independence Party." History in Africa 18 (1991): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172067.

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In an introduction to a University of Zambia publication entitled A Catalogue of Unpublished Materials in Zambia, published in 1978, J. K. Rennie observed that in Zambia there were “many depositories or collections of private and official papers, the extent of whose holdings are imperfectly known and the state of whose preservation was uncertain.” The Catalogue, which was supposed to be the first in a series and was intended to be a “guide to unpublished primary materials … and an aid to research in history and social sciences,” identified thirty government and non-government depositories located in various parts of Zambia. The wealth and diversity of materials held in these depositories were of immense value and benefit to researchers— academics and students interested in historical studies requiring archival research. Rennie, and others who assisted him in locating and documenting these depositories, made what they called a “humble minor beginning in a much larger enterprise. This paper is intended as a further contribution to this enterprise.In Zambia, one depository that is little known by social science researchers is the archives held by the ruling United National Independence Party (UNIP), located in Freedom House, the party headquarters at the southern end of Cairo Road, which forms part of the Research Bureau of the party. This archives holds important files formerly held by the African National Congress (ANC) formed in 1948 and disbanded in 1973 after the Chôma declaration which ushered in the one-party state and of UNIP, formed in 1960, which today is the only political party in Zambia.

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Mukuka, Dominic Mulenga. "The Impact of Land Act of 1995 on Customary, State and Church Lands." Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS) 3, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35544/jjeoshs.v3i1.26.

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The article sets out to examine the concept of customary or traditional land within the context of Zambia’s dual land system that is categorized as: customary/traditional land. In turn, the traditional land is controlled, allocated, and regulated through the Chiefs. Then there is formal land that is owned and controlled by the State through the Commissioner of Lands who works in consultation with the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, in conjunction with the Ministry of Local Government and its District Councils. The article will thus examine the history of dual land system in Zambia; and will further evaluate the Land Act of 1995, whose purpose was to propose a wave of new land system reforms. The latter was intended to establish a more efficient system of land tenure conversion in Zambia. The article also examines the administration of conversion process of traditional/customary and State land. The article sets out on the premise that without effective tenure conversion policies in administering land, sustainable development in both traditional or customary and State areas will be hampered. To this effect, the issue of boundaries in customary or traditional communities will be discussed as a way of building territorial integrity and land management in customary land, through cadastral surveys that is apparent with the rise in population and demand for market-based activities in rural areas. The article will argue that without clearly defined systems of administration and demarcation of boundaries, between customary/traditional and State/formal lands in Zambia, this process will be prone to more land conflicts hindering socio-economic progress. Hence, the aim of the article is to investigate how the United Church of Zambia’s land has been administered and managed, considering the fact that most of its land is based both in customary/traditional areas that are controlled by the Chiefs and formal or State lands that are largely controlled by the government institutions. The methodology that will be used in or der to examine how the United Church of Zambia manages and administer its land will be qualitative methodology. The article will conclude that there is need for the United Church of Zambia to develop a land management policy that will assist the Church to manage and administer its lands that is both located in the traditional and government areas. Above all, the Church needs to ensure that leasehold conversion that is both customary and traditional authorities through the local Chiefs and the government through its Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, Commissioner of Lands, together with the Ministry of Local Government are legitimately acquired.

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Xiong, Zai Bao, Wei Lu, Xiao Hui Long, and Xiao Chen. "Study on Switch Mode of Bus Coupler Protection in 330kV Substation of Zambia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.774.

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In order to switch line protection to bus coupler protection when bus coupler circuit breaker is in place of by pass state for line bay efficially and reliable, according to experience of Chinese substation building. this paper presents 3 switch modes. At last, reference with the habits of Zambia , this paper presentsone better mode for Zambia substation through comparing the effectiveness and reliability of the 3 switchmodes.

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Pletcher, James R. "The Political Uses of Agricultural Markets in Zambia." Journal of Modern African Studies 24, no. 4 (December 1986): 603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00007229.

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IT is widely acknowledged that the origins of Africa's hunger crisis lie only partly in weather patterns. A growing number of studies have emphasised the rôle which the state plays in creating a policy environment which either undermines or promotes commercial agriculture.1 Much of the fault for the latter's poor performance in many areas of the continent is assigned to short-sighted government policies of excessive intervention in agricultural markets. The cardinal sins are considered to be price controls, food subsidies, and state-run marketing boards. As the external debt of African states grows, foreign lenders and aid donors impose economic reforms deemed necessary to address the long-run structural problems. The austerity packages of the International Monetary Fund, for example, aim to reduce demand in the borrowing country by cutting government spending on subsidies, while the World Bank focuses on stimulating agricultural production through a mixture of targeted investments and advice on how to change the pricing and tax structure so as to improve incentives for farmers.2

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Good, Kenneth. "Systemic Agricultural Mismanagement: the 1985 ‘Bumper’ Harvest in Zambia." Journal of Modern African Studies 24, no. 2 (June 1986): 257–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0000687x.

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After years of agricultural production significantly below domestic consumption needs for key commodities, in 1985 Zambia looked forward to a good harvest of maize, the nation's staple. The Minister of Co-operatives, Justin Mukando, said in February that more than eight million bags were anticipated, and the Prime Minister, Kebby S. K. Musokotwane, declared in May that ‘we expect about ten million bags of maize’.1 In the Zambian system of presidentialism and state capitalism, the purchasing, transportation, and storage of crops, as with many other agricultural functions, was in the hands of the state. This was so in terms of the close involvement of political figures at the highest level, and through the continued reliance upon the National Agricultural Marketing Board (Namboard) and the quasi-parastatal provincial co-operative marketing unions. President Kenneth Kaunda committed himself and his Government to success in the forthcoming harvest when he told Parliament in January: ‘I am not prepared to see a recurrence of what happened last year when thousands of bags of maize remained uncollected in various depots’; the state would ensure that the agencies involved in the collection of produce improved their performance.

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Kragelund, Peter, and Godfrey Hampwaye. "Seeking markets and resources: state-driven Chinese and Indian investments in Zambia." International Journal of Technology and Globalisation 6, no. 4 (2012): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtg.2012.050964.

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Soest, Christian von. "How does neopatrimonialism affect the African state's revenues? The case of tax collection in Zambia." Journal of Modern African Studies 45, no. 4 (November 12, 2007): 621–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0700290x.

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ABSTRACTFollowing the neopatrimonialism paradigm, it can be hypothesised that in African states informal politics of the rulers infringe on the collection of taxes and in turn reduce state revenue. This article tests this proposition for the case of Zambia. Neopatrimonial continuity in the country is evidenced by three factors: the concentration of political power, the award of personal favours, and the misuse of state resources. Despite this continuity, the revenue performance increased considerably with the creation of the semi-autonomous Zambia Revenue Authority. Donor pressure has been the most important intervening variable accounting for this improvement. Yet, strengthening the collection of central state revenue has been consistent with a neopatrimonial rationale, and may even have fed neopatrimonialism overall, by providing increased resources for particularistic expenditure.

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Ndulo, Muna B., and Robert B. Kent. "Constitutionalism in Zambia: Past, Present and Future." Journal of African Law 40, no. 2 (1996): 256–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300007816.

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Writing about any constitution is tricky business and that of Zambia is no exception. Four constitutions in 32 years hardly represents a settled state of affairs, and an end, or even a stopping place of long duration, does not appear in sight. This is, however, an interesting, even exciting period in Zambia’s brief constitutional history. The subject cries out for an examination of where the country has been, where it is, and where, at least in the opinion of these observers, it ought to be heading.We are happy to undertake this brief assessment in the context of recognition of the career of Professor J.S. Read. This able, patient, effective, and thoughtful scholar has been a mentor to generations of African lawyers, including Zambians. To both of us Jim Read has been a warm and generous friend, from time to time a wise counsellor who has contributed much to our own efforts.

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Childs, William R. "State Regulators and Pragmatic Federalism in the United States, 1889–1945." Business History Review 75, no. 4 (2001): 701–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116509.

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State regulators played a large part in constructing the American regulatory system from the late nineteenth century to the midtwentieth. They faced an adversary relationship not only with businesses but also, beginning with passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887, with national regulators. Shaping a process of “pragmatic federalism,” the state regulators forged a cooperative regulatory regime in which they and national regulators controlled the nations's railroads. In the 1930s and 1940s, state regulators extended the cooperative approach to numerous other regulated industries. These findings challenge the argument that the Shreveport case ended meaningful state regulation and suggest that the rise of big government included a continued commitment to the federalist framework of the U.S. Constitution, at least to the mid-twentieth century.

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Smith, R. D. "Missionaries, Church Movements, and the Shifting Religious Significance of the State in Zambia." Journal of Church and State 41, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 525–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcs/41.3.525.

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Saunders, Richard, and Alexander Caramento. "An extractive developmental state in Southern Africa? The cases of Zambia and Zimbabwe." Third World Quarterly 39, no. 6 (December 12, 2017): 1166–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2017.1409072.

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Becker, Willyan Ronaldo, Elizabeth Giron Cima, Elder Elisandro Schemberger, Erivelto Mercante, Miguel Angel Uribe-Opazo, Jerry Adriani Johann, and Eduardo Godoy de Souza. "Proposal of Railroad Expansion in the Paraná State Using Geotechnologies." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 2 (May 12, 2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i2.16843.

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Railroad transportation system is considered a viable model in several aspects; however, its implementation is dependent on several decision factors, which include regional production viabilities, specific locations for railroad station construction, land slope, among others. This work aims to indicate the optimal location for new railroad stations and the best interconnection path among them in order to expand the railroad network of the Paraná State (Brazil) to regions that are not contemplated by this type of transportation. The layers used as information plans contemplated the geographic location of the regions with the highest representativeness in the agroindustrial production, associated with the demands and transportation of production and topographic relief. Was defined 1,390.802 km of new railroads, mainly in the Western and Southern Center regions of Paraná. This implantation generates a very significant importance for the municipalities since it increases the demand of revenues and generation of new currencies.

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Baker, Astrid. "Governments, Firms, and National Wealth: A New Pulp and Paper Industry in Postwar New Zealand." Enterprise & Society 5, no. 4 (December 2004): 669–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700014026.

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The state played an important role as political and economic manager in postwar New Zealand. By fostering manufacturing, governments aimed to provide paid, productive employment, conserve foreign exchange, and support a welfare state. The history of pulp and papermaking using state-planted pine forests is a good example of a government-business joint venture to create a new export industry and new national wealth. Governments of both major political parties cooperated in capital formation, land use, hydroelectricity, roads, railroads, a modern port, and town construction. This longterm state commitment helped propel the industry toward largescale vertical integration so that it could achieve economies of scale and scope and compete in world markets.

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Banzawa, Ayumu. "Internal Labor Markets in the Prussian State Railroads and the Priority of Retired Soldiers in Employment." Keiei Shigaku (Japan Business History Review) 40, no. 2 (2005): 26–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5029/bhsj.40.2_26.

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Callen, Zachary. "Response to Samuel DeCanio’s review of Railroads and American Political Development: Infrastructure, Federalism, and State Building." Perspectives on Politics 15, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592717002936.

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Sage, Jeremy, J. Bradley Eustice, Ken Casavant, and Chris Herman. "Washington State Short-Line Railroads: Case Study in Meeting 21st-Century Demands with 19th-Century Infrastructure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2546, no. 1 (January 2016): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2546-03.

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Sugishita, Kaori. "Traditional Medicine, Biomedicine and Christianity in Modern Zambia." Africa 79, no. 3 (August 2009): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0001972009000904.

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The World Health Organization has recognized ‘traditional medicine’ as ade factoand economical substitute for biomedicine in the developing world. Accordingly, the Zambian government aims to integrate ‘traditional healers’, locally known asng'anga, with their biomedical counterparts in a national health care system. Hence, on the one hand,ng'angaelaborate their practice into ‘herbalism’, which could meet scientific standards and fit into the scope of biomedicine. On the other hand, they continue to deal with affliction by positing the existence of occult agents, such as witchcraft and spirits, at the risk of being criticized for exploiting indigenous beliefs. As a result, manyng'angaassociate themselves with Christianity, the national religion of Zambia, which serves as an official domain of the occult where they take refuge from biomedical rationalization. However, conventional churches, the government and health authorities do not approve of the link between Christianity and traditional medicine; henceng'angaas traditional healers are marginalized in modern, Christian Zambia. Being thus dissociated from the national religion,ng'angaare officially confined to the periphery of national health care, where they submit to the primacy of biomedicine and the workings of state power.

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Mfune, Orleans. "Managing common pool resources without state support: insights from Shisholeka community in Central Zambia." Environment, Development and Sustainability 16, no. 6 (March 20, 2014): 1263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-014-9526-9.

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Owens, Lauren, Katherine Semrau, Reuben Mbewe, Kebby Musokotwane, Caroline Grogan, Deborah Maine, and Davidson H. Hamer. "The state of routine and emergency obstetric and neonatal care in Southern Province, Zambia." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 128, no. 1 (September 16, 2014): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.07.028.

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Li, Hangwei, and Xuefei Shi. "Home Away From Home: The Social and Political Roles of Contemporary Chinese Associations in Zambia." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 48, no. 2 (August 2019): 148–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1868102620907224.

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This article examines the social and political roles of contemporary Chinese associations in Africa with case studies from Zambia. These associations help Chinese migrants better integrate and promote China’s image in Zambian society. More importantly, they proactively engage in bilateral political relations, working with the embassy and state apparatus, defending China’s overseas interests, and providing public goods to the Chinese community. We argue that, because of the associations, Chinese migrants in Zambia are politicised beyond the fact of their living in economic enclaves. Contemporary Chinese associations should thus be recognised as a significant actor and an indispensable intermediary in the rapid evolution of China–Africa relations.

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Phiri, Isabel Apawo. "PRESIDENT FREDERICK J.T. CHILUBA OF ZAMBIA: THE CHRISTIAN NATION AND DEMOCRACY." Journal of Religion in Africa 33, no. 4 (2003): 401–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006603322665332.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on the career of Frederick Chiluba from his election as President of Zambia in October 1991 to his renunciation of standing for a third term in April 2001. The paper argues first that, in his book on democracy and in his declaration of Zambia as a Christian nation, Chiluba set up the criteria by which his presidency would be judged and ultimately found wanting. Second, it argues that the Christian nation concept has had the inadvertent consequence of giving evangelicals a clear basis on which to judge Chiluba and the Zambian state, and hence has served as a catalyst for more energetic and extensive evangelical political engagement.

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Mumba, Bryson, and Eustarckio Kazonga. "Corporate Governance and Firm Performance in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zambia: A Systematic Review." Journal of Corporate Governance Research 5, no. 1 (September 9, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jcgr.v5i1.18641.

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The research systematically documented and described the corporate governance practices and financial performance in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zambia from 2006 to 2017. The research design that was adopted was the descriptive research design to systematically describe the corporate governance practices and financial performance of SOEs in Zambia. The corporate governance attributes for SOEs such as board size, board appointing authorities and board membership have been found to be prescribed by a diversity of Acts of Parliament for different SOEs. This finding suggests that the governance of these entities could be a challenge insofar as the uniformity of the legal framework for the governance of the entities was concerned. In addition to this, board membership which are designated by specific government positions rather than merit based, compromises board effectiveness. The study has further shown that failure to produce and publish, for public scrutiny, audited financial statements on a timely basis leads to lack of transparency and accountability. The financial performance has been found to have been poor as the SOEs on average produced negative returns on total assets and the SOEs were highly geared based on operating gearing and financing gearing. Lastly, financial performance of SOEs and the corporate governance practices differed significantly across different industries under which the SOEs operated.

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Tordoff, William, and Ralph Young. "Electoral Politics in Africa: The Experience of Zambia and Zimbabwe." Government and Opposition 40, no. 3 (2005): 403–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2005.00157.x.

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AbstractThe neighbouring African states of Zambia and Zimbabwe have seen major changes to their systems of power following a series of elections between February 2000 and March 2002. These elections produced dramatic shifts in the balance between ruling parties and opposition forces, and challenged the continuance of powerful executive presidencies and one-party dominant political systems. The article explores the setting in which these electoral shifts occurred and attempts to mark out the domestic and international factors that have conditioned their impact. It concludes that profound structural changes are needed if either state is to move towards liberal democracy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Railroads and state – Zambia'

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