Academic literature on the topic 'Railway architecture. eng'

On-Board ERTMS/ETCS equipment performs safety related functions where the tolerable hazard rate is kept below 10-9 f/h. Safety standards such as EN50129 or IEC61508 impose requirements on the architecture used to fulfill this safety figure and the associated Safety Integrity Level (SIL). From these standards, the mandatory use of redundancy and physical independence can be derived. Due to the introduction of these requirements, a new functionality is added at the system level (e.g. majority voting processes among redundant lines). Unfortunately, neither the safety nor the interoperability standards provide technical specification that defines how to test the performance of the complete system when internal malfunction has occurred in safety related components. This chapter proposes the use of fault injection techniques to facilitate safety assessment. By means of communication saboteurs, it is possible to excite and test the associated internal functionality in systems performing safety related functions. The chapter also contributes to the definition of the test setup and test procedure of the architecture-associated safety-related internal functionality of the SIL4 odometer and Balise Transmission Module (BTM) subsystems within the on-board European Railway Traffic Management System/ European Train Control System (ERTMS/ETCS).

The vast majority of railway construction and maintenance machines is powered by compression-ignition combustion engines. The tendency of introducing stringent standard emission regulations for these prime movers, e.g. TIER 4, forces the migration toward downsized units. Additionally, the high price reached by diesel fuel in the last decades demands reductions of the machines’ energy consumption in order to maintain the customers’ operating costs competitive. Both targets can be achieved by implementing efficient hybrid hydraulic displacement-controlled architectures that reduce pollutants emi

Abstract Regular monitoring of railway systems is imperative for improving safety and ride quality. To this end, data collection is carried out regularly in the rail industry to document performance and maintenance. The use of machine learning methods in the past recent years has provided opportunities for improved data processing and defect detection and monitoring. Such methods rely on installing instrumentation wayside or collecting data from onboard rolling stock. Using the former approach, only specific locations can be monitored, which could hinder covering a large territory. The latter,

Castle Garth is the name of the fortified area once enclosed within the castle walls. In the fifteenth century Newcastle became a county in its own right, however, the Garth, being within the castle walls, remained part of the County of Northumberland. The Great Hall, a building separate from the Castle Fortress (the “Keep”), which in later years became known as the “Old Moot Hall”, was used by courts that sat at regular intervals in every county of England and Wales. The Fortress then became a prison for the County and was used as such until the early nineteenth century. Beginning in the fift

Real-time monitoring of various components of a railcar such as wheel bearing temperature, brake line status, integrity of transported goods and many more has become a key focus area of research for the North American freight railroad industry. The ability for timely detection of abnormalities and impending failures prevents costly accidents, the potential loss of life and damage to the environment. Monitoring also increases overall operational efficiency, reliability and safety of freight railroads. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are an obvious choice for implementing such a monitoring scheme