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Dina, Adeolu O., Cornelius O. Akanni, and Bamidele A. Badejo. "Evaluation of Railway Level Crossing Attributes on Accident Causation in Lagos, Nigeria." Indonesian Journal of Geography 48, no. 2 (January 5, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.17520.
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Abstract The study examines the contribution of Railway Level Crossing (RLC)physical attributes to accident occurrence using the12 major level crossings within the Lagos metropolis. The 48km single track mainline section under consideration which barely make up 1.1% of the entire narrow gauge track network of the country within a 5 year period contributed about 45% of the total National crossing accidents recorded in Nigeria. The method of investigation involved recording the individual attributes of each RLC such asgates, pedestrian traffic, car traffic light, proximity of signage to crossing, vehicular traffic as dummy variables.The regression analysis was used to measure their effect on accidents.The result indicates gates, pedestrians and the location of signage had significant impact on accidents occurrence at level crossings within Lagos metropolis. Based on the findings, enhancement of active warning systems among other recommendations was suggested as potent counter measures for RLC accident reduction.Abstrak Penelitian menguji tingkat kontribusi atribut fisik dari perlintasan jalan kereta api terhadap kejadian kecelakaan menggunakan 12 perlintasan utama dalam kota metropolis Lagos. 48 km jalan utama tunggal menjadi pertimbangan yang hampir meningkat 1.1% dari seluruh trek sempit jaringan negara dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun menyumbang sekitar 45% dari total kecelakaan perlintasan secara Nasional di Nigeria. Metode penelitian melibatkan catatan dari masing-masing atribut RLC seperti pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, lampu lalu lintas mobil, kedekatan tanda penyebarangan, lalu lintas kendaraan sebagai variabel dumi. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dari atribut terhadap kecelakaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, dan lokasi tanda perlintasan mempunyai dampak signifikan pada kecelakaan dalam kota metropolis Lagos.Berdasarkan penemuan tersebut, perbaikan dari sistem peringatan aktif disarankan sebagai upaya mengurangi kecelakaan RLC.
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Jonsson, Lina, Gunilla Björklund, and Gunnar Isacsson. "Marginal costs for railway level crossing accidents in Sweden." Transport Policy 83 (November 2019): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.09.004.
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Iftekharuzzaman, Iftekharuzzaman, Susmita Ghosh, Mohammad Khairul Basher, Mohammad Aminul Islam, Narottam Das, and Mohammad Nur-E-Alam. "Design and Concept of Renewable Energy Driven Auto-Detectable Railway Level Crossing Systems in Bangladesh." Future Transportation 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp3010005.
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Bangladesh’s railway system mostly uses typical manual railway crossing techniques or boom gates through its 2955.53 km rail route all over the country. Accidents frequently happen at railway crossings due to the lack of quickly operating gate systems, and to fewer safety measures at the railway crossing as well. Currently, there are very few automatic railway crossing systems available (without obstacle detectors). Additionally, all of them are dependent on the national power grid, without a backup plan for any emergency cases. Bangladesh is still running a bit behind in generating enough power for its consumption; hence, it is not possible to have a continuous power supply at all times all over the countryside. We aim to design and develop a smart railway crossing system with an obstacle detector to prevent common types of accidents at railway crossing points. We use two infrared (IR) sensors to operate the railway crossing systems, which are controlled by an Arduino Uno. This newly designed level crossing system is run with the help of sustainable renewable energy, which is cost-effective and eco-friendly, and applied under the national green energy policy towards achieving sustainable development in Bangladesh as a part of the global sustainable goal to face climate change challenges. We have summarized the simulated the results of several renewable energy sources, including a hybrid system, and optimized the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and the payback periods.
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Haga, Shigeru. "Prevention of Accidents at Road-Rail Level Crossings Protected with Automatic Barriers." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 15 (October 1988): 933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786761866.
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A recent study on level crossing safety is reported. The study employed three different approaches: a survey of drivers' attitude to the level crossing, quantitative estimation of accident risk from characteristics of level crossings, and improvement of crossing design from the human factors point of view. The results have been utilized by railway companies and police authorities in safety campaigns, driver education, safety investment, and improvement of warning systems for level crossings.
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Utami, Adita, and Hera Widyastuti. "STUDY OF SOCIETY BEHAVIOR TO EARLY WARNING IN THE RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING WITHOUT BARRIER IN GAYUNG KEBONSARI, SURABAYA." Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v14i1.4040.
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Railway level crossing safety is one of the most critical issues for railways. Collisions between trains and motorized vehicles contribute most to LX accidents. Population growth and the development of economic in Indonesia affect the increase in vehicle volume, especially in the city of Surabaya. Furthermore, the increasing of vehicles volume, causing congestion at some points in Surabaya including Gayung Kebonsari railway level crossing. One of the congestion factors at the railway level crossings is the duration of closing time as the train passes through the crossing. The uncertain duration of gate closing time cause road users to be undisciplined by break through the crossing gates while the train pass through the crossings. Considering of those problems, respondents’ opinion is being evaluated to see the society behavior to early warning on reducing the number of traffic violation. A comprehensive discussion of the existing problems, lessons learned and the possible future implications that can be applied in Indonesia are presented. Key Words: Railway Level Crossing, Accident, Society Behavior, Regression, Binary logit
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Galinurov, Rishat Zinfirovich, and Anton Nikolaevich Popov. "Study of level crossing safety installation operation parameters on the basis of stochastic modeling." Transport of the Urals, no. 2 (2022): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2022-2-42-49.
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Reasons that lead to delay of motor transport at a closed railway crossing and to increase of a number of transport accidents at road level intersections are caused by the imperfection of the currently used method for calculation of parameters of level crossing safety installations. The paper proposes a probabilistic method for studying level crossing safety installations that considers parameters of railway transport traffic. For the creation of a stochastic model the authors have applied the Petri nets theory. Besides they have considered issues of analytical studying of the model on the basis of the graph theory and the theory of semi-Markovian processes. As a result, on the basis of stochastic modeling the authors have calculated parameters of devices for a level crossing safety installation.
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Li, Lin Lin, Xiao Yi Zhang, Xia Zhang, and Qing Li. "Semi-Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Classifying the Imbalanced Protocol Flows." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.809.
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The collision that between a car and a train is the main type of accidents in the case railway level-crossing, which is proved by the arrangement diagram analysing. The fault tree analysis and the event tree analysis are used to assess the level of the risk of the level-crossing quantificationally. Some conclusions can be drawn: the collision of the railway level-crossing that between a car and a train will happen 2.552 in a year, which can bring 0.061 equivalent fatalities. This paper puts forward some precautionary measures that based on the minimal cut set of the collision of the accident and the most probable or the highest risk event.
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Szabłowska, Paulina. "Level crossings – legal situation, design conditions, accidents and it’s causes." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (June 30, 2018): 1260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.263.
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Level crossing is the most dangerous place at which most accidents take place in connection with railway vehicles. While going by train in Poland we pass a level crossing almost every 1.5 km. Many of them do not have any safety devices like light or sound signal or car stops. In Poland there are almost 15 000 level crossings at which around 200 accidents happen with 50 fatalities in a year. These numbers are rising although PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. (the main rail infrastructure manager) implements many projects for infrastructure revitalisations and modernisations.In this report the basic types of level crossings and current legal situation are described. Also, basic guidelines and troubles with the subject in question are shown. The author discusses statistical data about accidents and shows its most frequent causes. At the end, the author tries to analyze if it is
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Starčević, Martin, Danijela Barić, and Hrvoje Pilko. "Survey-based Impact of Influencing Parameters on Level Crossings Safety." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 28, no. 6 (December 19, 2016): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v28i6.2208.
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Level crossing (LC) accidents are a significant safety challenge worldwide and for that reason they have been subject of numerous research activities. Joint conclusion is that human behaviour is the main cause of accidents. This study examines how and to which extent certain influential parameters cause accident mechanisms on level crossings. To gain the necessary data we used an on-line survey questionnaire that was sent internationally to key experts in the field of road and railway safety. A total of 185 experts were asked to rank how much certain parameters influence level crossings accident mechanisms and what are the best countermeasures for diminishing accidents at level crossings. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an international survey among key experts was used to gain necessary data about influential parameters regarding level crossings safety. The results of this study could be used by road and railway traffic engineers and policy makers for further enhancement of LC’s safety.
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Zhu, Shilin, and Xiangzhong Meng. "Design of Intelligent Security Early warning system for unguarded railway crossing in mining area." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2029, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2029/1/012076.
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Abstract There are many railway crossings in the mine, but there are not enough people to keep every crossing manned. For the traditional unguarded railway crossing, we set up a warning sign at a certain distance from the crossing to remind pedestrians and drivers. For some crossings with poor vision, both pedestrians and locomotive drivers at the crossings can’t make timely and accurate judgment on the surrounding real-time road conditions, which is easy to cause safety accidents. In order to solve this technical problem and demand, an intelligent security and early warning robot with image recognition module and intelligent control board was developed by combining advanced theories and technologies such as Internet +, image recognition, beidou+ GPS dual-mode positioning, wind and solar complementary power generation and multi-sensor fusion. The system can improve the intelligent level of the unguarded crossing in the mining area, realize the unmanned or less unmanned crossing work, and ensure the safety of railway transportation in the coal mine.
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Sudarmanto, Bambang. "KAJIAN KEBUTUHAN PERLINTASAN TIDAK SEBIDANG JALUR KERETA API DENGAN JALAN RAYA DI TITIK PERLINTASAN GANEFO KECAMATAN MRANGGEN." Teknika 13, no. 2 (October 23, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/teknika.v13i2.1303.
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<em>The crossing railway line with the highway is quite a lot in several places in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java. This is a problem in itself because it considers this crossing to have a negative impact on users of land transportation. Moreover, the government does not yet have a policy relating to planning, regulation, supervision and supervision at a level crossing and is discussed with traffic accidents at the intersection of a basic plot to develop systems and procedures at level crossings.The crossing between the Semarang-Purwodadi highway and the Semarang-Surabaya / Solo railway line across the crossing lane on Ganefo still uses a level crossing. In the end, it caused a quite serious problem, namely severe congestion at the time of leaving and returning to work and even frequent traffic accidents. The existence of level crossings at this point is the focus of research by using proposals issued by the Ministry of Attention regarding railway crossings with highways can be made without a door, or can be in a plot with doors equipped, or can be made a plot, according to the research objectives. this is knowing the type of crossing that is right at the crossing of Ganefo. The results of the calculation of the Daily Average Daily Traffic of the Purwodadi-Semarang Directions traffic on the Ganefo pathway found numbers of 15928.2 pcu with the percentage of motorcycle transportation modes (motor cycle) amounting to 87.47%. Whereas the opposite direction, namely Semarang-Purwodadi, is 12784.8 pcu and the percentage of motorbikes is 78.85% of the total traffic volume. The direct observation of the train journey at the Ganefo crossing point shows the number of train trips that cross the Ganefo as many as 18 trains / day. The average length of the vehicle is at 191,429 meters during peak hours. Charting the criteria for selecting the crossing type of the Ministry of Transportation shows that the crossing point of Ganefo still depends on the position of the point where it is still permitted to use level crossings with safety doors. However, taking into account the increasing number of train trips and considerations of inconvenience and security of road users, this is at risk because depending on the position of the point required the type of crossing is not as large.</em>
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Addabbo, Tommaso, Ada Fort, Cristian Della Giovampaola, Marco Mugnaini, Alberto Toccafondi, and Valerio Vignoli. "On the safety design of radar based railway level crossing surveillance systems." ACTA IMEKO 5, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v5i4.419.
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<p>Recent accidents experienced at railway level crossings are pushing researchers to design surveillance systems able to grant safety of passengers and structural integrity of trains at level crossings. The challenge is represented by granting at the same time an appropriate reliability, availability and maintainability degree despite the high safety requirements imposed by the application. The approach proposed in this paper takes into consideration the most common suggested standards used in designing this kind of systems and introduces new general concepts which demystify the use of such standards in actual applications. This paper illustrates the roadmap to be followed in general when designing level crossing monitoring systems, to minimize the risk due to object misdetection occurring on barrier closure when exploiting radar technology.</p><p>A specific surveillance system based on FMCW radar technology was used as a case study, but the approach presented in this paper has a general validity.</p>
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Enokela, JA, and KL Oladejo. "AN AUTOMATED RAILWAY STATION TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.18.
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Majority of accidents experienced with railway transportation involve collision with automobiles or other vehicles and collision with other trains. These collisions can be averted by putting safety measures in place. Part of the measures can be achieved by using computerized railway station traffic control systems that use microcontrollers and electromechanical devices to shift traffic from one rail lane to another and also to operate the level crossing gate. The two major stages of the system being described here are thus the track switching stage and the level crossing gate stage. The system makes use of microcontrollers for decision making. The microcontrollers are programmed to detect signals from sensors and to output the processed signals to control electromagnetic devices through motor drivers. The codes for the microcontrollers were written in PIC Basic programming language and were debugged and compiled using Micro Code Studio Integrated Development Environment. The resultant Hex files were programmed into the memory of the microcontrollers with the aid of a universal programmer. Software simulation was carried out using the Proteus virtual system modeling software. A scaled down prototype of the system was built and tested. The prototype was able to execute all the decisions required to control the given railway station. A practical real life system would require the scaling up of the power required to drive the various motors; the logic of the system would however remain unchanged. The inclusion of the automated traffic control lighting system at the level crossing gate in the system eliminates the fatigue and tedium associated with a manually controlled traffic system. The computerized railway station traffic control system which helps in track switching and level crossing gate traffic control is capable of improving reliability, speed, operational safety and efficiency of the railway transportation system.
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Ercegovac, Pamela, Gordan Stojić, Miloš Kopić, Željko Stević, Feta Sinani, and Ilija Tanackov. "Model for Risk Calculation and Reliability Comparison of Level Crossings." Entropy 23, no. 9 (September 19, 2021): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091230.
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There is not a single country in the world that is so rich that it can remove all level crossings or provide their denivelation in order to absolutely avoid the possibility of accidents at the intersections of railways and road traffic. In the Republic of Serbia alone, the largest number of accidents occur at passive crossings, which make up three-quarters of the total number of crossings. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly find solutions to the problem of priorities when choosing level crossings where it is necessary to raise the level of security, primarily by analyzing the risk and reliability at all level crossings. This paper presents a model that enables this. The calculation of the maximal risk of a level crossing is achieved under the conditions of generating the maximum entropy in the virtual operating mode. The basis of the model is a heterogeneous queuing system. Maximum entropy is based on the mandatory application of an exponential distribution. The system is Markovian and is solved by a standard analytical concept. The basic input parameters for the calculation of the maximal risk are the geometric characteristics of the level crossing and the intensities and structure of the flows of road and railway vehicles. The real risk is based on statistical records of accidents and flow intensities. The exact reliability of the level crossing is calculated from the ratio of real and maximal risk, which enables their further comparison in order to raise the level of safety, and that is the basic idea of this paper.
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Handoko, Handoko, Natriya Faisal Rachman, and Firdaus Ade Kurniawan. "Investigating Public Perception Toward The Level Crossing Without Railway Gate Crossing (Case Study: At JPL 297 and 294 Lamongan)." Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.7.
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According to the Minister of Transportation regulation No. 36 article 4, year 2011 concerning the intersection of level crossings, the minimum distance between crossings is 800 meters. However, this regulation has not been well implemented at the level crossings of JPL 297, 295, and 294 at Sukodadi Village, Lamongan Regency. Since the regulations are not implemented yet, hence the accidents frequently occur. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out public perceptions of the planned closure of JPL 297 and 294. This study applied descriptive quantitative method by calculating LHR and vehicle queue lengths. Among the three JPLs, the JPL with the highest LHR was JPL 295 with the total of 249 vehicles per hour. Meanwhile, the longest queue of vehicles occurred at JPL 295 reaching 23 meters. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression. The findings claimed that the indicators of benefits involved convenience and safety in 180, 11,506 and 7,781, while the result of the public perception obtained 66.8%.
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B.A. Sarymsakov. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VIDEO-FIXATION SYSTEM OF VIOLATIONS OF THE DRIVE AT THE RAILWAY MOVEMENTS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROJECT "SAFETY CITY"." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 3 (September 23, 2019): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2019.3.375-380.
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This article is devoted to the decision to ensure traffic safety at railway crossings as part of the Safe City project in the Kyrgyz Republic. Railway crossings are objects of increased danger. Unfortunately, the rules for crossing crossings are not always followed, which leads to injury and death in traffic accidents. In order to completely eliminate the possibility of deaths at crossings, a program is being carried out in Western Europe to reduce the number of crossings and replace them with non-level intersections (using overpasses and tunnels). In the Netherlands, the construction of new crossings is completely prohibited. In Kyrgyzstan, the problem of loss of life on railways is not very acute due to the underdevelopment of railway networks, but nonetheless, propaganda of road safety while passing through level crossings, as well as working with the vulnerable part of road users, should be carried out regularly.
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Banaś, Damian. "Bezpieczeństwo ruchu kolejowego w Polsce na tle europejskim w latach 2010-2017 według wspólnych wskaźników bezpieczeństwa (CSI)." Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG 25, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543859xpkg.22.005.15965.
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W artykule przedstawiono zróżnicowanie przestrzenne oraz zmienność liczby znaczących wypadków (z podziałem na kolizje, wykolejenia, wypadki na przejazdach kolejowo-drogowych i przejściach, wypadki z udziałem osób i poruszających się pojazdów kolejowych oraz pożary) w odniesieniu do pracy eksploatacyjnej w wybranych krajach Europy w latach 2010-2017, przy wykorzystaniu wskaźników CSI. Wskaźniki CSI (Common Safety Indicators, wspólne wskaźniki bezpieczeństwa) to informacje statystyczne odnoszące się do bezpieczeństwa kolei, gromadzone i udostępniane przez Agencję Kolejową Unii Europejskiej (European Union Agency for Railways, EUAR), która pozyskuje je od państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, jak również od Norwegii i Szwajcarii. Analiza wykazała obecność dużej dysproporcji w liczbie wypadków pomiędzy krajami Europy Zachodniej i Wschodniej, przy generalnym spadku ich liczby pomiędzy 2010 a 2017 r. w obu grupach. Zbadano także strukturę znaczących wypadków – większość stanowiły wypadki z udziałem osób i poruszających się pojazdów kolejowych, a dużym udziałem charakteryzowały się także wypadki na przejazdach kolejowo-drogowych i przejściach, co sugeruje, że na wypadkowość kolei w badanym okresie w dużej mierze oddziaływały czynniki zewnętrzne (znajdujące się poza systemem kolejowym). Szczególną uwagę poświęcono w artykule Polsce, która na początku badanego okresu negatywnie wyróżniała się pod względem liczby znaczących wypadków, liczby wykolejeń oraz liczby wypadków z udziałem osób i poruszających się pojazdów kolejowych nie tylko na tle krajów Europy Zachodniej, ale także krajów Europy Wschodniej, by pod koniec okresu w każdej z kategorii osiągnąć niższe wartości wskaźnika niż ta druga grupa krajów. Abstract: This paper presents the spatial differentiation and the variation in the number of significant accidents (divided into: collisions, derailments, level-crossing accidents, accidents to persons caused by rolling stock in motion and fires) in relation to operation work in selected European countries from 2010 to 2017, using CSIs. CSIs (Common Safety Indicators) are statistical information relating to rail safety collected and made available by the European Union Agency for Railways (EUAR), which obtains them from European Union member states as well as from Norway and Switzerland. The analysis revealed the presence of a large disproportion in the number of accidents between Western and Eastern European countries, with a general decrease between 2010 and 2017 in both groups. The structure of significant accidents was also examined – accidents to persons caused by rolling stock in motion accounted for the majority, while level-crossing accidents also had a high proportion, suggesting that external factors (outside the railway system) largely influenced railway accident rates during the studied period. Particular attention was paid in the article to Poland, which at the beginning of the period under study was negatively distinguished in terms of the number of significant accidents, the number of derailments and the number of accidents to persons caused by rolling stock in motion not only in comparison with Western European countries, but also Eastern European countries, and at the end of the period in each category reached lower values than the latter group of countries.
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Fayyaz, Muhammad Asad Bilal, and Christopher Johnson. "Object Detection at Level Crossing Using Deep Learning." Micromachines 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11121055.
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Multiple projects within the rail industry across different regions have been initiated to address the issue of over-population. These expansion plans and upgrade of technologies increases the number of intersections, junctions, and level crossings. A level crossing is where a railway line is crossed by a road or right of way on the level without the use of a tunnel or bridge. Level crossings still pose a significant risk to the public, which often leads to serious accidents between rail, road, and footpath users and the risk is dependent on their unpredictable behavior. For Great Britain, there were three fatalities and 385 near misses at level crossings in 2015–2016. Furthermore, in its annual safety report, the Rail Safety and Standards Board (RSSB) highlighted the risk of incidents at level crossings during 2016/17 with a further six fatalities at level crossings including four pedestrians and two road vehicles. The relevant authorities have suggested an upgrade of the existing sensing system and the integration of new novel technology at level crossings. The present work addresses this key issue and discusses the current sensing systems along with the relevant algorithms used for post-processing the information. The given information is adequate for a manual operator to make a decision or start an automated operational cycle. Traditional sensors have certain limitations and are often installed as a “single sensor”. The single sensor does not provide sufficient information; hence another sensor is required. The algorithms integrated with these sensing systems rely on the traditional approach, where background pixels are compared with new pixels. Such an approach is not effective in a dynamic and complex environment. The proposed model integrates deep learning technology with the current Vision system (e.g., CCTV to detect and localize an object at a level crossing). The proposed sensing system should be able to detect and localize particular objects (e.g., pedestrians, bicycles, and vehicles at level crossing areas.) The radar system is also discussed for a “two out of two” logic interlocking system in case of fail-mechanism. Different techniques to train a deep learning model are discussed along with their respective results. The model achieved an accuracy of about 88% from the MobileNet model for classification and a loss metric of 0.092 for object detection. Some related future work is also discussed.
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Churniawan, Erifendi, Titiek Masdini Agustriana, and Sapto Priyanto. "Railroad Crossings Seen from Indonesia's Positive Law." Journal of World Science 1, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 1031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.58344/jws.v1i11.110.
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Introduction: Rail transportation is part of land transportation in Indonesia. The extended rail network has level crossings, namely the crossing of railroads and highways. Judging from the existing laws in Indonesia, the law mentions avoiding accidents at level crossings. Several factors influence law enforcement at railroad crossings, including legal, law enforcement, facilities, community, and cultural factors. There needs to be legal awareness from the side of law violators themselves, law enforcement officers themselves, and the government side. It is also necessary to increase cooperation between networks of law enforcement officers in crossing railroad crossings. Method: The research method used in this study is comparative descriptive. Result: The public is stated to have not understood the regulations that discuss railroad crossings listed in Law Number 23 of 2007, which discusses railways. In Law Number 22 of 2009, which discusses Traffic and Road Transportation, it is stated that Government Regulation 56 of 2009 discusses the Implementation of Railways and Government Regulation Number 72 of 2009 concerning Railway Traffic and Transportation. Conclusion: The law of crossing a railroad plot according to positive law in Indonesia has a position as a reference for travelling a railroad plot as has been written based on: Article 124 of Law Number 23 of 2007, Article 78 of Government Regulation Number 56 of 2009, Article 110 paragraph (1) Government Regulation Number 72 of 2009 & Article 114 of Law Number 22 of 2009.
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Sekasi, Jackson, and Habeeb Solihu. "Safety and risk analysis at railway crossings of north-south Addis Ababa light rail." Smart and Resilient Transport 3, no. 3 (November 16, 2021): 266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srt-08-2021-0007.
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Purpose Railway-level crossings (RLCs) are the point of intersection between rail and road users and are therefore hotpots of road-rail user conflict and catastrophic collisions. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks associated with RLCs and suggest probable reduction measures. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of Addis Ababa light rail transit (AA-LRT) north-south (N-S) route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) principle and generic risk ranking matrix. The authors then examine existing safety management measures at railway crossing and assess the need for additional safety management. Five major crossings on the 16.9 km (10.5 mi) N-S line, starting from Menelik II Square to Kality, were considered for the study. This study is carried out by data collection from about 145 stakeholders and the application of statistical data and risk analysis methods. The major findings of this study and the recommendations for improvement are suggested. Design/methodology/approach The research followed a case study approach. Through questionnaires and visual inspection, the authors identify the safety risks, hazards and hazardous events at some railway crossing of AA-LRT N-S route. The identified risky events are then categorized based on ALARP principle and generic risk ranking matrix. Collected data was then analyzed using SPSS to deduce relationships. Findings The study findings reveal human factors as the greatest cause of accidents, injury or death. About 22% of hazards identified by category are human factors, whereas 20% are because of technical problems. Intolerable risks stand at 42%, whereas the tolerable risks are at 36% according to risk classification results as per the ALARP model. Because the process of risk management is a long-term cycle, its importance should not be missed at any time. Research limitations/implications Because of design considerations of RLCs and the difference in generalized human behaviors for people of a given region, the results are limited to AA-LRT RLCs. This study opens a discourse for detailed evaluations, qualitative and quantitative analysis into the categorized identified hazards. There is also room for additional research into the performance of RLCs aimed at formulating standard necessary features that should be included on RLCs for proper risk control especially in emerging economies. Originality/value The research paper is original and has not been submitted for consideration to other journals.
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Obradović, Marijana, Sreten Jevremović, Ana Trpković, and Miloš Milosavljević. "Traffic-spatial analysis of road-rail crossings on state roads in the Republic of Serbia." Put i saobraćaj 66, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31075/pis.66.04.04.
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The crossings of railway and road can represent a great danger, especially in the case of poor design of these crossings, lack of management measures and inadequate provision of road crossing. Such situations are common on the road network of the Republic of Serbia. Namely, more than 50% of all road crossings on state roads in the Republic of Serbia are not adequately equipped and provided with traffic signalization and road equipment. It is evident that this problem requires timely measures and finding an adequate solution in order to efficiently implement road and rail traffic and reduce the risk of negative effects. This situation also results in the occurrence of traffic accidents at road-level crossings, the number of which has not decreased over the years. In this paper, the traffic-spatial analysis of road-rail crossings on state roads in the Republic of Serbia is performed, which includes a total of 245 road-rail crossings. The analysis was conducted in order to determine the existing situation and identify deficiencies in the network, on the basis of which adequate design and management measures will be proposed to improve the existing condition.
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Siva, Mr T., T. Adlin Jenifer, and S. Deva Priya. "Smart Railway Gate Assistance System Using AI." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, April 30, 2021, 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-958.
Full textAbstract:
Railway level crossing accidents saw a 20% jump in 2019 even as the number of accidental deaths remained largely constant compared to the previous year the latest government show that there are 1,788 level crossing accidents in 2019 alone, up from 1408 in 2018 according to the latest NCRB data. In the 2016, the NCRB data showed that 1,652 deaths had occurred due to careless level crossing, out of which there where instances of vehicle collision In this project is focused on preventing rail level crossing accidents that occur due to careless manual opening of the rail gate at a time when the train is near the gate location. This project makes use of a processing module with a camera to look and detect for train nearby the gate to prevent the opening of the gate. The hardware module is kept a minimum of 100 meters from the track to detect for a running train. The processing module signals the microcontroller which will be connected to the gate through a wi-fi module to close the gate on detecting a running train. When no train is detected the gate is kept open. A web application using react JS is developed to effectively notify the user of the list of trains fast approaching near the railway gate. Thus, this project prevents any accidents from occurring due to careless opening of a rail gate saving lives from being lost.
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Dayana, M. Florence, and R. Bhuvaneshwari. "Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using RFID with High Speed Alerting System." International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, February 5, 2019, 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/cseit195147.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this paper is to avoid the railway accidents happening at the level crossings. In India railway is the major mode of the transportations and it is the cheapest way for travelling. So there are more numbers of rail users. And it is not easy to stop railway anywhere to prevent accident or for any other reason. Due to that there are major drawbacks of that. At present manned system is available at level crossings. Hence, many accidents occur at such crossings, since there is no one to take care of the functioning of the railway gate when a train approaches the crossing. The objective of this paper is to manage the control system of railway gate using the microcontroller. This model includes IR sensors, RFID, LCD, buzzer, light led, motor driver and microcontroller PIC16F877A. In the automatic railway gate control system, at the level crossing the arrival of the train is detected by the IR sensor and RFID placed near to the gate. In case of RFID it detects only arrival of train. Hence, the time for which it is closed is less compared to the manually operated gates and reduces the human labour. As the entire system is automated errors occurring due to manual operation are prevented because the accuracy of automated operation is more than the manned operation.
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Fayyaz, Muhammad Asad Bilal, Aris C. Alexoulis-Chrysovergis, Matthew J. Southgate, and Christopher Johnson. "A review of the technological developments for interlocking at level crossing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, July 9, 2020, 095440972094172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409720941726.
Full textAbstract:
A Level Crossing remains as one of the highest risk assets within the railway system often depending on the unpredictable behaviour of road and footpath users. For this purpose, interlocking through automated safety systems remains a key area for investigation. Within Europe, 2015–2016, 469 accidents at crossings were recorded of which 288 lead to fatalities and 264 lead to injuries. The European Union’s Agency for Railways has reported that Level Crossing fatalities account for just under 28% of all railway fatalities. This paper identifies suitable obstacle detection technologies and their associated algorithms that can be used to support risk reduction and management of Level Crossings. Furthermore, assessment and decision methods are presented to support their application. Finally state of the art and synergistic opportunity of which a combination of obstacle detection sensors with intelligent decisions layers such as Deep Learning are discussed which can provide robust interlocking decisions for rail applications. The sensor fusion of video camera and RADAR is a promising solution for Level Crossings. By applying additional sensing techniques such as RADAR imaging, further capabilities are added to the system, which can lead to a more robust approach.
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Ugochukwu, Adoh Lucky, Mutswatiwa Lovejoy, and Akello fiona Mercy. "Safety Demonstration and Risk Management at Rail-Road Level Crossing at Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit Network." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, September 15, 2019, 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset196518.
Full textAbstract:
Safety and security are among the major basic needs for the public in daily life and transportation plays a crucial role in satisfying this need. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data, estimates of 1.2 million people worldwide died as a result of road traffic injuries in 2013 and it is estimated that road traffic injuries will be the 6th leading cause of death by 2030. Among the various types of road traffic injuries, accidents between trains and road vehicles are the deadliest and are associated with high cost of accidents. As Railway transportation continues to be an important piece to the overall national transportation puzzle in Ethiopia and as congestion continues to increase on the nation’s roadways, commuters continue to flock to public transit as an alternative transportation mode. In Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit, there are over 20 level crossings, this represent a significant safety hazard to both road and rail users. In this paper, we used safety demonstration by complete system analysis to carry out safety demonstration for level crossing at Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit, and Failure mode effect analysis was used for identifying the potential hazards associated with the system and their root causes. Hazards associated with Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit level crossing are identified and classified, and results showed that 41% of the hazards are caused by Human errors, technical problems has 32%, non-compliance with standard operating procedures takes 18% and 9% are caused by other factors. Our Failure mode effect analysis result shows that safe redesign of the level crossing, management and operation of level crossings can reduce risks, and frequent orientation of road vehicle users to always give attention to traffic signal in level crossing can reduce the number of fatal and serious incidents and collisions.