Journal articles: 'Ram pump'

1

Young, B. W. "Sizing Ram Pumps." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 210, no. 3 (June 1996): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_038_02.

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Although a method for the optimal design of ram pump systems using a pump of given size now exists, there is no simple procedure for selecting the proper size of pump to provide a specific duty. This Technical Note shows how pump size may be determined from the required output power. The finding is supported by existing results and further tests on a 53 mm Wilcox pump. Examples are given to illustrate the sizing of small to medium pumps. A cost analysis indicates that economy of scale applies to ram pumps and that the use of multiple pumps is not cost effective unless low drive heads have to be utilized.

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Young, B. W. "Design of Hydraulic Ram Pump Systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 209, no. 4 (November 1995): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_010_01.

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Automatic hydraulic ram pumps are environmentally friendly devices using a renewable energy resource to pump water for domestic or agricultural use. Since being superseded by pumps using electrical or fossil fuel energy nearly a century ago, they are now coming back into favour in many parts of the developing world. In the past, hydraulic ram pumps have been designed by rules-of-thumb having limited scientific basis. On-site adjustment has been used in the hope of rectifying the inevitable shortcomings of this process and ideal performance is rarely achieved. The present proposal for optimum design allows relevant system parameters (including the beat frequency) to be selected prior to installation. The paper shows how a ram pump system may be designed using two simple equations containing empirical factors dependent upon ram size, delivery head, material and wall thickness of the drive pipe and the configuration of the impulse valve. The design method is illustrated with reference to a number of existing tests. New experimental results for a 53 mm ram with five different impulse valve strokes are also presented.

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Young, Brian. "Design of Homologous Ram Pumps." Journal of Fluids Engineering 119, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2819142.

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The hydraulic ram pump was invented over 200 years ago but became obsolete with the availability of mains water. Ram pumps make use of a renewable energy resource and are environmentally friendly. They are particularly appropriate for use in the developing world as their construction is basic and robust and they are inexpensive and easy to install and maintain. Unfortunately, simple rational design procedures applicable to any size of pump are not available. The paper analyses the behavior of ram pumps under zero recoil conditions from which three nondimensional design relationships, applicable at any delivery head, are derived for beat frequency, quantity delivered, and source capacity in terms of the independent variables. These relationships incorporate constants consistent with existing experimental results. Recommendations are given for the maximum length of drive pipe which supersede traditional rules-of-thumb for the ratios L/D and L/H. The procedure allows selection of all system parameters, including the drive pipe length, for a set of homologous ram pumps.

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Young, B. W. "Generic design of ram pumps." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 212, no. 2 (March 1, 1998): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650981536646.

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The hydraulic ram pump was invented over 200 years ago but became obsolete with the general availability of mains water. It is used for pumping surface water and is powered by the potential energy of the supply. Ram pumps are particularly appropriate for use in remote regions of the developing world as their construction is basic and robust and they are inexpensive and easy to install and maintain. A rational design procedure applicable to any ram pump is described in this paper. The method is based on the three non-dimensional relationships that have been found to govern ram pump behaviour. The relationships express beat frequency, quantity delivered and source capacity in terms of the independent variables. By assigning upper and lower bounds to the critical velocity in the drive pipe, it is possible to derive three characteristic pump parameters from which the dependent variables may be determined directly. These parameters all take the same numerical values within a feasible design space. The design method has been confirmed using the results of existing experiments. A number of examples are given which illustrate the ease and rapidity of the procedure.

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Young, B. W. "Simplified Analysis and Design of the Hydraulic Ram Pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 210, no. 4 (August 1996): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_048_02.

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Hydraulic ram pumps are currently of interest because they make use of a renewable energy resource and are environmentally friendly. Ram pumps are particularly appropriate for use in the developing world as their construction is basic and robust and they are inexpensive and easy to install and maintain. Numerous attempts to analyse the complex behaviour of a ram pump system have been made in the past, but few have been successfully translated into simple design procedures and none have resulted in a general method for a ram pump of any size. The analytical approach adopted in the present paper assumes constant friction loss in the drive pipe during acceleration and concentrates on zero recoil conditions at which optimum pump performance occurs. Four simple and general design equations are derived which incorporate conservative assumptions for the critical velocity in the drive pipe and the effect of system losses. Design examples are given and design predictions compared with new and existing test results. Conclusions are drawn regarding the relevance of traditional drive pipe length–drive pipe diameter (L/D) and drive pipe length–supply head (L/H) ratios.

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Sucipta, Made, Made Suarda, and I. Nengah Suweden. "Pengaruh Diameter Lubang Snifter-Valve Terhadap Peningkatan Tekanan Dalam Tabung Udara Pompa Hydram." Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur 12, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jem.2019.v12.i01.p08.

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Pompa hydram telah banyak diaplikasikan terutama di daerah pedesaan atau perbukitan dimana ketersediaan suplai energy listrik menjadi kendala. Pompa hydram adalah pompa mekanis yang memanfaatkan peningkatan tekanan (water hammer) yang terjadi akibat mekanisme penutupan katup limbah secara tiba-tiba. Untuk itu pada badan pompa hydram dipasang tabung udara untuk mengurangi denyutan aliran air hasil pemompaan. Dalam kurun waktu tertentu operasi pompa hydram, jumlah udara yang ada dalam tabung udara akan terus berkurang. Untuk menggantikan volume udara dalam tabung udara tersebut maka pompa hydram dilengkapi dengan katup penghirup udara (snifter-valve). Namun dalam implementasinya, katup ini hanya berupa lubang berdiameter 1 ÷ 2 mm pada jarak sekitar 2 cm di bawah katup tekan pada badan pompa hydram. Namun sampai saat ini belum ada acuan diameter lubang snifter-valve tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, pada penelitian ini diinvestigasi besarnya peningkatan tekanan yang terjadi dalam tabung udara pompa hydram. Pada penelitian ini pompa hydram dilengkapi dengan katup hirup dengan variasi diameter lubangnya yaitu 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0 dan 2,5 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada model pompa hydram dengan pipa penggerak berdiameter 1¼ inchi yang diuji, peningkatan tekanan yang terjadi dalam tabung udara berkisar antara 0,4 sampai dengan 0,5 bar. Snifter-valve dengan lubang berdiameter 1,5 mm menghasilkan peningkatan tekanan water hammer tertinggi dalam tabung udara sehingga memberikan kerja tertinggi yang terjadi dalam pompa hydram. Hydraulic ram pumps have been implemented and installed mainly in hilly or remote area where they are facing public electrical supply problem. Hydraulic ram pumps are mechanical pumps that utilize the increased water hammer due to the sudden shutdown mechanism of the waste valve. Therefore, the hydraulic ram pump is equipped with air vessel to reduce the pulsation of the pumping water flow. Within a certain period of hydraulic ram pump operation, the amount of air present in the air vessel will continue to decrease. In order to replace the air volume in the air vessel, the hydraulic ram pump is equipped with a snifter-valve. However, in its implementation, this valve is only a hole with a diameter of 1 ÷ 2 mm at a distance of about 2 cm below the delivery valve on the body of the hydraulic ram pump. However, there has not been any reference for determining the diameter of the snifter-valve hole yet. Therefore, in this study, works carried out for investigating the magnitude of the increased pressure that occurs in the air vessel of hydram pump. In this study, a hydraulic ram pump equipped with a snifter-valve with various orifice diameters of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm. The results show that for the hydraulic ram pump model with 1¼ inch diameter of the drive pipe that tested, the incrising pressure in the air vessel is about 0.4 up to 0.5 bar. The snifter-valve with 1.5 mm orifice diameter generates the highest incrising pressure of water hammer pressure in the air vessel, therefore, it gives the maximum work in the hydraulic ram pump.

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Wen, De Sheng, Yue Zhong Zhang, Jiang Bo Sun, Li Bin Du, Yong An Li, Shi Jun Lv, Peng Yang, and Yi Shan Liu. "The Principle Studies of Series Multistage Axial Ram Pumps and the Fluctuation Analyses." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 4437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.4437.

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Through the research of closed-circuit type, semi-open type, all open-circuit type multistage series axial ram pump , we analysis flow volatility of series pump, and have carried out the two-stage all open-circuit type series axial ram pump experiment. Through the experiment, we have proven the open-circuit type series multistage pump is feasible. We have find a new way to realize the ultra-high pressure,high flow axial ram pump.

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Credo, Marvin Canoneo, and Danilo P. Metra. "Design Analysis, Installation and Performance Evaluation of a Hydraulic Ram Pump System with a Modified Waste Valve." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/1/13734.

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Hydraulic ram pump is one of the oldest mechanical devices used for water lifting. A hydraulic ram pump has two moving parts which are the waste valve and delivery valve. As a lot of studies had been carried out investigating parameters possibly affecting the performance of a hydraulic ram pump, this study aimed to design and fabricate a modified waste valve for a hydraulic ram pump with parts made from locally available off-the-shelf materials. Results revealed that varying the height of the waste valve’s stroke significantly affected the relivery flow rate thus affecting its overall all efficiency.

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Wei, Xiu Ye, Zi Rong Lu, Hai Yan Wang, and Lu Rong Si. "The Discharge Characteristic Analysis and the Simulation of Axial Piston Pumps." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 3018–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.3018.

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This paper analyses the influence of geometric parameter on the flow pulsation, calculates its flow pulsation coefficient theoretically,then takes account of the influence of leakage rate on flow pulsation of the plunger pumps, and simulates 5-ram pump to nine-ram pump with its actual parameters to calculate its instantaneous delivery and autual flow pulsation coefficient . The conclusion can be drawn that its actual flow pulse coefficient considering leakage flow is obviously larger than theoretical instantaneous delivery, so we should minimize the leakage.

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Innajie, Dewn, Coolen Laure, and Mecandily Gercia. "Hydroelectric Power Plant Design with Hydraulic Pump System." Journal La Multiapp 2, no. 3 (August 12, 2021): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamultiapp.v2i3.392.

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The goal of this research is to develop a small-capacity power generator that may be used as an alternative energy source for home use, particularly in rural regions. The hydraulic ram pump was included in the design as a critical component for extending the duration of power production by turbines and generators, which was achieved via innovative engineering. During the manufacturing of hydraulic ram pumps, there are three test variants, which are comprised of the intake pipe length (2.6m), the output pipe height (2.5m, 3.2m, and 3.7m), and the outlet pipe diameter (3/4") of each pump. As a consequence of these findings, the average maximum performance of the hydroelectric power plant with the hydraulic ram pump system in this research was achieved at a reservoir height of 2.7 (m), with a voltage resulting in 7.3 (volts) (volts). With a turbine diameter of 46 cm, an intake pipe diameter of 3/4 cm, and a turbine inlet discharge of 7.2 liters per minute, the generator can produce electrical energy to the tune of 7.3 kilowatt hours (volts).

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11

Kothale, Sammed. "Design and Development of Ram Pump." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 20, 2021): 1640–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36698.

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Due to A hydraulic ram (or water ram) pump is a simple, motorless device for pumping water at low flow rates. It uses the energy of flowing water to lift water from a stream, pond, or spring to an elevated storage tank or to a discharge point. It is suitable for use where small quantities of water are required and power supplies are limited, such as for household, garden, or livestock water supply. A hydraulic ram pump is useful where the water source flows constantly and the usable fall from the water source to the pump location is at least 3 feet.

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12

Mardikus, Stefan, Dwiseno Wihadi, and Maryanto. "Investigation of Flow Characteristic on Ram Pump in Different of Pipe Junction Geometry." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186701007.

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Ram Pump is a mechanical device that uses phenomenon of difference pressure to distribute the water toward high state level. The advantages of ram pump are low cost, construction of reliable and without electrical energy. Kinetic and potential energy are main factor to flow the water in driver pipe. This research purposed to determine flow characteristic in different geometries of ram pump based on experiment data. Ram pump operated on different pressure of inlet area which was get from water level. To get the flow characteristic of rum pump, it was simulated using computational fluid dynamic. The result of simulation was found that junction type of U shape appeared wake in driver pipe area; thus, this phenomenon indicated any turbulent flow because decreasing of pressure. In other junction pipe, wake phenomenon appeared in driver and delivery pipe area.

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Mills, Allan. "The hydraulic ram (or impulse) pump." Physics Education 49, no. 2 (March 2014): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/49/2/211.

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Dettmer, R. "The amazing eco-friendly ram pump." Engineering & Technology 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2013.1209.

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Sarip, S., A. Q. Mohd Radzi, T. S. Hong, R. Mohammad, M. F. Yakub, M. A. Suhot, and H. M. Kaidi. "Design, analysis and fabrication of utm hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i1.pp213-221.

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<span>This paper focuses on design, analysis and fabrication of hydraulic ram pump, which uses the force of gravity to deliver water to higher altitudes. It does not depend on electrical and fossil energy and robust, inexpensive, easy to install and maintain. All these qualities make it suitable for use in remote areas where water and electricity supply, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study is to construct a low cost UTM hydraulic ram pump for water supply in remote areas, provided that it must have a reliable design and made of materials available locally in Malaysia. The design must also be easy to assemble and dismantle, easy to maintain and durable with a long service life. In order to achieve these objectives, existing ram pump designs by other researchers were studied to provide the basics in designing the UTM hydraulic ram pump. The ram pump efficiency is 62%, based on drive pipe diameter of 3” and air chamber volume of 33.3 L. Referring to the guidelines and experimental data these design specifications allow a total of 7000 L/day (4.86 L/min) of water to be delivered to the storage tank. The power required is about 23.9 kW which is enough to overcome head losses of about 54.52 m. Through a test stand, the value of circulations is 49 cycle/minute and thus the overall performance of the ram pump can be calculated before installation in remote areas. Other factors such as the proper material selection and safety considerations were also prioritized.</span>

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Cech, S., and A. Cheer. "PADDLEFISH BUCCAL FLOW VELOCITY DURING RAM SUSPENSION FEEDING AND RAM VENTILATION." Journal of Experimental Biology 186, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.186.1.145.

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A micro-thermistor probe was inserted into the buccal cavity of freely swimming paddlefish to measure flow velocity during ram ventilation, ram suspension feeding and prey processing. Swimming speed was measured from videotapes recorded simultaneously with the buccal flow velocity measurements. Both swimming velocity and buccal flow velocity were significantly higher during suspension feeding than during ram ventilation. As the paddlefish shifted from ventilation to feeding, buccal flow velocity increased to approximately 60 % of the swimming velocity. During prey processing, buccal flow velocity was significantly higher than the swimming velocity, indicating that prey processing involves the generation of suction. The Reynolds number (Re) for flow at the level of the paddlefish gill rakers during feeding is about 30, an order of magnitude lower than the Re calculated previously for pump suspension-feeding blackfish. These data, combined with data available from the literature, indicate that the gill rakers of ram suspension-feeding teleost fishes may operate at a substantially lower Re than the rakers of pump suspension feeders.

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Mathewson, Lain. "The rebirth of the hydraulic ram pump." Waterlines 12, no. 2 (October 1993): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1993.037.

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Mahajan, Ajay B. "Use of CFD for Analysis of HYDRAM- An Approach." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 10, 2021): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36430.

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This paper presents the analysis of the existing hydraulic ram pump performance using computational fluid dynamic (CFD). The study specifies that mass flow rate at inlet and outlet on CFD. These are based on a systematic study of hydraulic ram pump and testing of on hydraulic ramp pump model. For which we consider literatures reviews & some of them are used for the analysis. CFD approach is used in this paper for estimating the water discharge.

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Suarda, Made, I. Gusti Bagus wijaya Kusuma, Made Sucipta, and Ainul Ghurri. "Preliminary Study on Various Shaped Models of Delivery valve in Hydraulic Ram Pump – Experimental Results." International Journal of Engineering and Emerging Technology 5, no. 1 (August 3, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ijeet.2020.v05.i01.p09.

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Four shaped models of delivery valve had been investigated and compared to improve performance of a hydraulic ram. Hydraulic ram pumps have been constructed and operated. Most of them built locally using steel pipe fittings that commercially accessible in the market rather than factory-made one. These have assisted inhabitants in rural or hilly area where water sources available for water supply services or irrigations. However, the major problem challenged by the public was on designing and repairing of the impulse and delivery valves of the pumps. Performance of the pumps are affected predominantly by the both valves. One characteristic of the valves is their shape. Considered on the characteristics of the fluid flow through surface of plate and sphere object are different on the pattern and losses. Therefore, investigation is necessitated to find a proper shape of the delivery valve for enhancing the performance of the pump. In this research four valve models were experimented to assess the hydraulic ram pump performance on varies delivery heads. The results show that the sphere model of the delivery valve offered the best efficiency, then followed by the membrane, the half-sphere and the flat delivery valve models. However, the rounded model: sphere and half-sphere delivery valve model were facing obstructions in implementation for a high delivery head.

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Asvapoositkul, Wanchai, Jedsada Juruta, Nattapong Tabtimhin, and Yosawat Limpongsa. "Determination of Hydraulic Ram Pump Performance: Experimental Results." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9702183.

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The possibility of using a hydraulic ram pump (HRP) as a means of utilizing its energy to produce high head for pump has been investigated. To make such a system economically competitive, it is necessary to improve the performance of HRPs. To achieve this improvement, it is also necessary to understand the parameters that marked out the design of conventional HRPs. The performance is presented in dimensionless terms as the head ratio H∗ or discharge head to drive head and flow-rate ratio Q∗ or discharge flow rate to drive flow rate. The experiments on HRPs were conducted by which each of the following factors could be varied independently: (a) supply head, (b) air chamber pressure, and (c) waste valve beats per minute. An increase in the supply head tends to increase the supply flow rate, delivery flow rate, delivery head, and the overall efficiency of the pump. An increase in air chamber pressure tends to decrease the overall efficiency of the pump. However, there was no significant difference on the HRP performance over a wide range of flow conditions when air chamber pressure was varied. An increase in waste valve beats per minute tends to decrease the supply flow rate, delivery flow rate, and delivery head. But it tends to increase the head ratio, the flow-rate ratio, and the overall efficiency of the pump. The experimental data reveal that the HRP characteristics are functions of the waste valve beats per minute and the supply head.

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Ninawe, Abhinav P. "Design of Experimentation for Developed Hydraulic Ram pump." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 6 (June 30, 2018): 1798–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.6267.

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Dhaiban, Hussein T. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF RAM WATER PUMP." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 1 (January 31, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2019.00836.

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Ram water pump is one types of renewable energy that work without any source when used to provide energy from water power for changing the potential energy to kinetic energy to use for agriculture fields. The device must find near the rivers to useful from water to work and the waste water return to the river again. The performance of the ram pump is studied experimentally. The device is simple contain from fittings, tank, pipes, pressure vessel and valves. Three inlet diameter (1/2, 3/4 and 1 in) at inlet pipe is used, and three level of tank water supply (1.9, 1.8 and 1.65 m) is studied. Also, three ways is used to change the pressure in the vessel. The aim of this paper is studying the effect of change the inlet diameter and water level at the height and flow rate at the exit. Also, study the efficiency of the test device. The results show inversely relationship between the head and flow rate at the exit and the pressure in the vessel is not effected to the head and exit flow rate. Additionally, the maximum efficiency is 29 % at 1.9 m tank height and 0.5 in diameter.

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Nuraeni, Ayuni, Silvia Wulandari, Ulfa Hanifa Azzahra, Anisah RM, Resti Ardianti, and Rifa'atul Maulidah. "Uji Eksperimen Efisiensi Kerja pada Rancangan Hydraulic Ram Pump dengan Water Hammer." DIFFRACTION 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37058/diffraction.v2i1.1800.

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Sinaga, Jorfri Boike, Azhar Azhar, Novri Tanti, and Sugiman Sugiman. "Perancangan Model Pembangkit Listrik Dengan Menggunakan Teknologi Pompa Tanpa Motor (Hydraulic Ram Pump)." MECHANICAL 8, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/mech.v8.i2.201709.

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This paper presents the design of parameters of hydraulic ram pump and hydraulic turbine to use the energy of flowing water for water supply to generate electrical power and irrigation. Design of parameters of hydraulic ram pump with head of water supply of 1,5 m was obtained: 1,25 in. diameter and 8 m length of drive pipe, 200 gr and 4,6 cm of weight and diameter of impulse valve, 4.200 cm3 of air chamber volume. The testing results of the hydraulic ram pump model shown that water could be pumped as far as the height of 7 m and 8 m, with the volume flow rate of 2,755 lit/men and 1,73 lit/men. Design of geometric parameters of cross flow hydraulic turbine with head of water supply of 1,75 m was obtained: 12 cm and 8 cm of external and internal diameter, 25 cm of runner width, and 18 of runner number. The testing results of the cross flow hydraulic turbine shown that power could be generated 83,47 W with the volume flow rate of 0,01 lit/s and the efficiency of 71,05 % at 799 rpm. The testing result also shown that with using volume flow rate of 0,003 lit/s, this turbine could be generated 23,39 W with the efficiency of 46,64 %. Technically the technology of hydraulic ram pump can be developped and used to supply of water for irrigation and generating of electrical power.

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Guo, Xinlei, Jiazhen Li, Kailin Yang, Hui Fu, Tao Wang, Yongxin Guo, Qingfu Xia, and Wei Huang. "Optimal design and performance analysis of hydraulic ram pump system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 232, no. 7 (February 1, 2018): 841–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650918756761.

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Hydraulic ram pump is an automatic water-pumping equipment generally used to pump drinking and irrigation water in mountainous and rural areas having short of power. In the past, it has been analyzed and optimized by fabricating various prototypes and conducting experiments and comparisons. This process is time and labor consuming and detailed flow features cannot be determined except efficiency, discharge, and period. In this paper, a method for the optimal design and performance analysis of hydraulic ram pump system with numerical simulation and physical experiment is presented to shorten the number of prototypes and develop high-performance product. The proposed evaluation indexes include head loss coefficient, drag coefficient, eccentric distance of pressure, and velocity distribution uniformity. Two types of structures, named front-enlargement and back-enlargement, were initially designed. According to the numerical simulation, the latter one has lower head loss coefficient and drag coefficient, larger eccentric distance of pressure and higher velocity distribution uniformity and was adopted in the novel hydraulic ram pump. Then, the design theory and method on adjustable and high-head experimental platform have been developed, so that the delivery head can be easily controlled and regulated in laboratory. Experiments were carried out for the delivery heads of 2.0 m and 2.7 m and comparisons were conducted with other products. The results show that, when the delivery head is less than 50 m, the efficiency of the new product ranges from 50% to 70% while the delivery flow is the largest. Its application in Liangshui River, Beijing, indicates that the novel hydraulic ram pump is a practical tool in fountain sight and for irrigation purpose without external power input.

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Viccione, Giacomo, Nicola Immediata, Roberto Cava, and Marco Piantedosi. "A Preliminary Laboratory Investigation of a Hydraulic Ram Pump." Proceedings 2, no. 11 (July 30, 2018): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2110687.

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The nexus of food, energy, and water is one of the most complex issues that face society. By 2050 the Earth’s population is expected to exceed 9 billion and most of the population increase will occur in developing countries. In addition, water scarcity will be particularly pronounced in the Middle East/North Africa and the South Asia regions and is likely to worsen as a result of the climate change. Within this framework, we revised the use of the hydraulic ram as a possible solution to supply water in remote areas. Experimental results of a preliminary investigation carried on a hydraulic ram pump assembled at the Laboratory of Environmental and Maritime Hydraulics of the Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Italy showed that geometric parameters as well as material properties affect its operating efficiency. The effect of the impulse valve on the pressure temporal trend is assessed by processing video recordings taken with high-speed digital cameras with a sampling rate of 1 KHz. Most of its effect is produced when the percentage of valve opening is in the range 0–20%, where correspondingly the valve coefficient Kv varies of about 80%. Unsteady pressure profiles were detected by means of pressure transducers with an acquisition of up to 1 kHz. The system of acquisition revealed the existence of a family of transient shock waves which intensity depends on the system’s features.

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Sutanto, R., K. Wardani, M. Wirawan, and S. Salman. "Pengaruh variasi sudut terjunan terhadap unjuk kerja pompa hydram (hydraulic ram pump)." Dinamika Teknik Mesin 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v0i0.250.

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Water is one of the factors which very important and necessary in the life of living creatures. Therefore, water must be available whenever and wherever in the quantity, timing, and sufficient quality. Hydraulic Ram Pump (Hydram) is a pump does not require external energy as the power source. The purposes of this research are understanding the influence of falling angle from the hydrant pump toward generated debit and finding the influence of the falling angle of the hydrant pump to generated efficiency. This research uses hydrant pump by the specification of tube compressor its’ diameter 3 inches and a height 60 cm. the falling angle of pump are 35°, 40°, 45°, 50° and 55°. The falling-height is 1 meter with five variations of weight-lift 3, 3½, 4, 4½, and 5 meters. The method of analysis is conducted by analyzing data obtained during the experiment, where the results in the form of quantitative data which is presented in type of tables and displayed in graphical form. The results of the research shows that the best output debit on falling 35 ° namely 0.079 L / s with 3 meters’ water weight-lift, while the lowest output debit on falling 55 ° namely 0.010 L / s 5 meters’ water weight-lift. The best efficiency is 6.103% in the falling angle of 35 ° with 3 meters’ of water weight-lift, while the lowest efficiency is 1.239% in the falling angle of 55 ° with 5 meters’ of water weight-lift.

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Kesharwani, Siddhi, Kupulwng Tripura, and Punit Singh. "Classical hydraulic ram pump performance in comparison with modern hydro-turbine pumps for low drive heads." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 235, no. 6 (February 25, 2021): 1463–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650921997202.

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We present a unique comparison of two types of renewable hydro pumping devices, namely the ram and turbine pump having different working principles. This comparison is based on experiments with these pumping devices at a field station in a village in central-east India. Our work identifies the major gaps in the study of large ram pumps, covering the hydraulic scaling conformance to creation of a unified platform for the investigation of such pumping devices with respect to operating parameters like head, flow, efficiency and, most importantly, size. The field tests of ram revealed that its non-dimensional performance parameters fit perfectly on the theoretical scaling curves. The investigations further showed that while rams had more efficiency (53–62%), they could not handle more than 40–50 l/s of discharge. In comparison, the turbine pumps, tested in laboratory conditions, were more compact for flows beyond 100 l/s, but they settled for overall efficiencies between 49% and 55%. The study recommends a limiting design flow line for rams to be 50 l/s because of the size-factor. It further finds that for absolute flows between 50 and 100 l/s within the low-head range of 3–5 meters, the design of geometrical shapes for turbine pumps could be a challenge for optimized efficiencies. The head-discharge-diameter (H-Q-D) chart developed here is a useful way of interpreting the technology with respect to boundary conditions and it creates a roadmap for future inventions in such renewable hydro-pumping devices. The paper makes a case for axial flow pumps as turbines. It concludes with a call for the propagation of research on such nature-friendly pumping technologies, where most (90–95%) of the water is returned to the stream, paving the way for a new era of sustainability.

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Lee, Soo-Hyoung, Heesung Yoon, Dong-Hun Kim, Esther Shin, YongCheol Kim, Kyung-Seok Ko, and Kyoochul Ha. "Evaluation of Field Feasibility and Efficiency of Hydraulic Ram Pump." Economic and Environmental Geology 49, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9719/eeg.2016.49.3.243.

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30

Sobieski, W., D. Grygo, and S. Lipiński. "Measurement and analysis of the water hammer in ram pump." Sādhanā 41, no. 11 (November 2016): 1333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12046-016-0560-1.

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Januddi, Fatihhi Szali, Mohd Munsyi Huzni, Mohamad Shahrul Effendy, Adnan Bakri, Zulhaimi Mohammad, and Zuhaila Ismail. "Development and Testing of Hydraulic Ram Pump (Hydram): Experiments and Simulations." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 440 (October 31, 2018): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/440/1/012032.

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Radiyan, M. Fikri, B. S. Wibowo, and F. T. Sakti. "THE PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY RATING EVALUATION OF A HYDRAULIC RAM PUMP PROTOTYPE WITH HEIGHT VARIATIONS." FROPIL (Forum Profesional Teknik Sipil) 7, no. 1 (October 6, 2019): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/fropil.v7i1.1403.

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Initially, the prototype of a hydraulic ram pump was built using affordable tools and materials. Next, the experiment is divided into two stages. First, the experiment will evaluate the effect of different elevations of output pipe using three height variations (2, 3, 4 meters respectively) and two input discharge variations (7 and 8 liters/min respectively). The data collected from the experiment will yield six combinations of output discharge data which then be analyzed and discussed later in this paper. Second, the efficiency of this hydraulic ram pump will be calculated using a simple efficiency formula using the data output of the previous experiment. After that, the correlations between the height of the output pipe, input discharge, and efficiency will be concluded. Finally, the results showed that the highest efficiency (7.7%) was achieved using 8 L/min input discharge combined with 2 meters elevated output pipe. While the lowest efficiency (1.4%) was achieved using 7 L/min input discharge combined with 4 meters elevated output pipe.

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33

Zlatkovic, Bojana M., and Biljana Samardzic. "Vibrations Modeling and Simulation Using Stochastic Bondsim Elements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 430 (September 2013): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.430.158.

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The application of Bondsim library for the stochastic vibrations modelling andsimulation is given in this paper. For that purpose the stochastic Bondsim elementsare used. The efficiency of the proposed approach for modeling and simulation ofstochastic dynamic systems vibrations is illustrated using an example ofhydraulic ram pump.

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34

Young, B. "The gravity pump: A new approach to a natural energy water pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 217, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765003321148682.

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The double-acting gravity pump is an environmentally friendly, positive-displacement device for pumping surface water using the natural energy resource of falling water as its motive power. The genesis of this design of pump derived from a need to generate high delivery pressures for rural water supply projects in the developing world; pressures that were beyond the capacity of the conventional ram pump. The paper outlines the theory behind the operation of the gravity pump and goes on to describe an experimental programme carried out on a prototype in order to prove the concept. The results of the experiments confirm the theoretical analysis in all respects and the performance of any configuration of gravity pump may now be forecast with confidence. The paper describes a second prototype pump destined for field trials, which is currently in the course of a construction. This version incorporates a number of design improvements following from the experience gained in building and testing the first pump. Research and development of the gravity pump is supported by an Invention and Innovation Award from the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts (NESTA).

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35

Breitbart, H., and S. Rubinstein. "Effect of Calmodulin Antagonists on Calcium Pump of Ram Spermatozoa Plasma Membrane." Archives of Andrology 20, no. 3 (January 1988): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01485018808987077.

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36

Huda, Feblil, Iswadi Hasyim Rosma, and Ahmad Jamaan. "PENERAPAN HYDRAULIC RAM PUMP (HYDRAM) UNTUK PERTANIAN DAN PERIKANAN DI BATU BERSURAT." Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/dinamisia.v2i2.1702.

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Ketersediaan air yang cukup dan terus menerus merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usaha di bidang pertanian dan perikanan. Selama ini usaha pertanian dan perikanan masih bergantung terhadap air hujang yang terjadi pada musin tertentu. Karena musim hujan tidak terjadi sepanjang tahun, maka usaha pertanian dan perikan di lokasi studi kasus (Desa Batu Bersurat Kabupaten Kampar) tidak dapat berlangsung secara berkesinambungan dalam satu tahun penuh. Oleh karena itu, tujuan utama artikel ini adalah membahas tentang penerapan pompa hydraulic ram pump (hydram) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air di lokasi studi kasus mitra pertanian dan mitra perikanan tersebut. Pemilihan pompa hydram untuk menjamin ketersediaan air adalah bahwa teknik ini tidak membutuhkan sumber tenaga listrik sehingga dalam pengoperasiannya akan memberikan penghematan biaya operasional dan ramah terhadap lingkungan. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menganalisis tahapan demi tahapan pembangunan poma hydram hingga dapat beroperasi sesuai dengan rancangan yang telah dibuat. Dari hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh didapatkan kinerja pompa hydram adalah 0,5 L/menit sehingga untuk mengisi 2 buah tanki air dengan kapasitas total 2.100 L dibutuhkan waktu pengisian selama 35 jam.

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Sarma, Dhrupad, Monotosh Das, Bipul Brahma, Deepak Pandwar, Sermirlong Rongphar, and Mafidur Rahman. "Investigation and Parameter Optimization of a Hydraulic Ram Pump Using Taguchi Method." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 97, no. 4 (June 15, 2016): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40032-016-0295-0.

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38

Sampath, S. S., Sawan Shetty, Allan Mathew Pendanathu, Waleed Javaid, and M. Chithirai Pon Selvan. "Estimation of Power and Efficiency of Hydraulic Ram Pump with Re-circulation System." International Journal of Computer-aided Mechanical Design and Implementation 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2015): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ijcmdi.2015.1.1.02.

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39

Wahyudi, Bagus, Akhmad Faizin, and Sudjito Soeparman. "Increasing Efficiency of Overshot Waterwheel with Overflow Keeper Double Nozzle (OKDN) by Using Hydraulic Ram System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 330 (June 2013): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.330.209.

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Waterwheel has been developed over two millennia to be efficient hydraulic machine but have weaknesses due to his inability to increase the torque although the flow of water has been increased - because the efficiency of this water wheel is only dependent on the volume of buckets and gravitational those are always constant. In this study demonstrated a new method to improve the torque of overshot waterwheel (OWW) by recapturing overflow of water from the buckets and the excess flow from the channel to be converted into kinetic energy through the nozzle and then squirt against to the curve vane in the buckets by using hydraulic ram pump system. The result of performance test proved that OKDN using hydraulics ram able to improve their efficiency more than conventional overshot wheel.

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40

Wardani, K. "Analisa unjuk kerja alat pembagi tekan pada pompa hydram." Dinamika Teknik Mesin 9, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v9i2.287.

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Water is source of life for human being, plant and animal. One of effort to complete of water required is by using hydram pump. Hydram pump (Hydraulic ram pump) is a pump that work without required energy from outside for its activated, but work done by exploiting force from source of water. This research purposes to know influence of pressure divisor to water hammer effect and to know influence of pressure divisor to efficiency of hydram pump. This research used hydram pump by the specification of air tube it’s 60 cm height and 3 inches diameter. Elevation of plunge from pump body is 2 meters and elevation of output is 4 meters. Height of air tube at pressure divisor that is 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm and elevation of variaty pressure divisor from body pump is 2 meters, 2,5 meters and 3 meters. The method used in this research is experiment method. The quantitative data made in table and displayed graphically. The results show that the highest of maximum head at 2 meters elevation of pressure divisor from pump body and 20 cm high of tube, while lowest of maximum head at 3 meters elevation of pressure divisor from pump body and 50 cm high of tube. The best efficiency at 2 meters elevation of pressure divisor from pump body and 20 cm high of tube that is 31,62%, while the lowest efficiency at hydram pump installation without of pressure divisor that is only 26,62%.

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41

Mishra, Nikita, Yogendra Kumar Jyoti, and Indu Bhusan Bhagat. "A study on the impact of water hammering on operating characteristics of hydraulic ram pump." International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 2827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i4ah.10073.

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42

Fatahi-Alkouhi, Reza, Babak Lashkar-Ara, and Alireza Keramat. "On the measurement of ram-pump power by changing in water hammer pressure wave energy." Ain Shams Engineering Journal 10, no. 4 (December 2019): 681–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.05.001.

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43

Sucipta, M., and M. Suarda. "Investigation and analysis on the performance of hydraulic ram pump at various design its snifter valve." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 539 (June 19, 2019): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/539/1/012007.

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44

Dienullah, R. M. A., F. K. Aini, F. Febriana, and F. Rosariawari. "PH (piezoelectric on hydraulic ram pump) media supplier of water and producing electrical energy environment-friendly." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 259 (May 13, 2019): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/259/1/012009.

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45

Oliveira Junior, Marcos Vinícius de, Raimundo Thiago Lima da Silva, Wendel Kaian Oliveira Moreira, Juciley Lima de Souza, Cledson Silva Sarmento, and João Lázaro dos Santos Rodrigues. "PERFORMANCE OF HYDRAULIC RAM BUILT WITH DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF PVC AIR CHAMBERS." Revista Engenharia na Agricultura - Reveng 29 (March 22, 2021): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.10900.

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To capture surface water and groundwater, in most cases, electrical or fuel energy is required to drive a motor pump. This work aims to evaluate and compare the hydraulic characteristics of a hydraulic ram built with different volumes of PVC air chambers, according to its efficiency and economy. The study was developed at the Federal Rural University of the Amazon. Calibrated tanks and a stopwatch were used to obtain the supply flow, wasted water and repression volume. Four treatments were performed with 25% (125 L), 50% (250 L), 75% (375 L) and 100% (500 L) of raw material. For treatments with different volumes of air chambers, PVC tubes of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm in length were used. The experiment was a completely randomized design, carrying out the analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient and the Tukey test for comparison among averages. There is a strong tendency to increase the repression volume and wasted when the volume of the air chamber is increased. The 0.250 L air chamber presented relevant results. In addition, it was demonstrated that with the increase in the volume of the air chamber, there was an increase in performance.

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46

Francis, S. M., N. B. Jopson, R. P. Littlejohn, S. K. Stuart, B. A. Veenvliet, M. J. Young, and J. M. Suttie. "Effects of growth hormone administration on the body composition and hormone levels of genetically fat sheep." Animal Science 67, no. 3 (December 1998): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800032987.

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AbstractCoopworth sheep selected for low (lean) or high (fat) backfat have large differences in plasma GH profiles. Fat genotype ram lambs (5 months old) were treated with growth hormone (GH) to simulate the plasma GH profiles of lean sheep and investigate whether exogenous GH could modify carcass fatness. For 77 days, bovine GH was administered at 25 Uglkg live weight per day either as a single, daily subcutaneous bolus (fat bolus) or via portable pulsatile infusion pumps (fat pump) which delivered GH solution at 90-min intervals into a jugular catheter. Measurements of body composition were made by computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonic scanning during the trial, with linear carcass measurements and proximate analysis undertaken at the end of the experiment.Before treatments began, mean plasma GH levels were lower (P < 0·01) in fat control (0·34 ugll) than in lean lambs (1·1 μg/l). Several weeks after the start of the trial, mean plasma GH had increased in both fat bolus (1·2 μg/l) and fat pump (0·45 μg/l) treatment lambs with major changes in the pulsatility relative to the fat control lambs. Although these changes were maintained in the fat bolus lambs, by the end of the trial there was no significant difference in mean plasma GH between fat pump and fat control sheep. Throughout the trial, plasma 1GF-1 levels were higher in fat bolus, fat pump and lean lambs than in fat control lambs. Analysis of body composition data over the GH treatment period revealed that the slope of the allometric equation for total fat relative to empty body weight was lower in the fat bolus lambs (1·07) than in the lean lambs (1·50) with fat control and fat pump treatment lambs intermediate (1·30 and 1·36, respectively). Subcutaneous fat was later maturing in lean lambs than in fat control and bolus treatment lambs when regressed against total fat, with the fat pump treatment lambs being intermediate. Linear carcass measurements revealed changes due to GH administration in the distribution of subcutaneous fat and eye muscle dimensions.It is concluded that sheep from the fat genotype show physiological responses to exogenous GH. Increasing plasma GH levels of fat sheep increased plasma IGF-1 and had variable effects on carcass fatness. The change in body composition may be affected by the mode of administration of exogenous GH.

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47

Kelly, Michael L., Errol R. P. Murray, Caroline C. Kerr, Craig A. Radford, Shaun P. Collin, John A. Lesku, and Jan M. Hemmi. "Diverse Activity Rhythms in Sharks (Elasmobranchii)." Journal of Biological Rhythms 35, no. 5 (June 11, 2020): 476–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730420932066.

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Sharks are an interesting group of vertebrates, as many species swim continuously to “ram” oxygen-rich seawater over their gills (ram ventilators), whereas other species “pump” seawater over their gills by manipulating buccal cavity volume while remaining motionless (buccal pumpers). This difference in respiratory physiology raises the question: What are the implications of these differences in lifestyle for circadian rhythms? We investigated the diel activity patterns of 5 species of sharks, including 3 ram ventilating species: the school shark ( Galeorhinus galeus), the spotted estuary smooth-hound ( Mustelus lenticulatus), and the spiny dogfish ( Squalus acanthias); and 2 buccal pumping species: the Port Jackson ( Heterodontus portusjacksoni) and draughtsboard ( Cephaloscyllium isabellum) sharks. We measured the amount, duration, and distance traveled while swimming over multiple days under a 12:12 light:dark light regime for all species and used modified light regimes for species with a clear diel rhythm in activity. We identified a surprising diversity of activity rhythms. The school shark and smooth-hound swam continuously; however, whereas the school shark swam at the same speed and covered the same distance during the day and night, the smooth-hound swam slower at night and traversed a shorter distance. A similar pattern was observed in the spiny dogfish, although this shark swam less overall. Both the Port Jackson and draughtsboard sharks showed a marked nocturnal preference for swimming. This pattern was muted and disrupted during constant light and constant dark regimes, although circadian organization of this pattern was maintained under certain conditions. The consequences of these patterns for other biological processes, such as sleep, remain unclear. Nonetheless, these 5 species demonstrate remarkable diversity within the activity rhythms of sharks.

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Summers, A. P., and L. A. Ferry-Graham. "Ventilatory modes and mechanics of the hedgehog skate (Leucoraja erinacea): testing the continuous flow model." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 1577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.9.1577.

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The movement of water across the gills of non-ram-ventilating fishes involves the action of two pumps: a pressure pump that pushes water across the gills from the oropharyngeal to the parabranchial cavity, and a suction pump that draws water across the gills from the oropharyngeal into the parabranchial cavity. Together, the two are thought to keep water flowing continuously anteroposteriorly through the head of the respiring animal. However, there is evidence that the pressure and suction pumps do not always work in perfect phase in elasmobranch fishes, leading to periods of higher pressure in the parabranchial than in the oropharyngeal cavity. We investigated the existence and consequence of such pressure reversals in the hedgehog skate Leucoraja erinacea using pressure transducers, sonomicrometry and flow visualization including internal visualization using endoscopy. We noted four patterns of respiration in the experimental skates distinguished by the flow pattern at the three openings into the respiratory system: (1) in through the spiracle only, (2) in through the mouth + spiracle, (3) in through the mouth only, and (4) the mouth held open throughout the respiratory cycle. The first two were by far the dominant modes recorded from experimental animals. We determined that pressure reversals exist in the hedgehog skate, and that the gill bars adducted during such pressure reversals. Direct observation confirmed that these pressure reversals do correspond to pulsatile flow across the gills. During mouth+spiracle ventilation the flow completely reversed direction, flowing from the parabranchial chambers back across the gills and into the oropharyngeal cavity. Finally, we addressed the utility of sonomicrometry as a technique for determining kinematics in aquatic animals. Despite some problems involving errors inherent to the system design, we found the technique useful for complementing such techniques as pressure measurements and endoscopy.

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Putera, Muh Ikbal, Arman, and Irmayani. "POTENSI POMPA HYDRAM (HYDRAULIC RAM PUMP) BERTEKNOLOGI HYDRO POWER TANPA LISTRIK DAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI DESA NEPO KABUPATEN BARRU." Jurnal Dinamika Pengabdian (JDP) 6, no. 1 (October 18, 2020): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jdp.v6i1.11517.

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Water problems include problems that are not easily obtained, especially during conditions or dry seasons. Indeed water is a vital requirement for human, plant and animal life. Water for human needs is used for drinking, cooking, washing and bathing water. Areas with relatively flat topography, water is relatively easy to obtain from well water sources and rivers that flow relatively not deep, so to obtain water sources is relatively easy. In the service area with flat topography and slightly hilly, so farmers to obtain water in agricultural activities and for daily needs, water is obtained from rivers and dug wells, springs and deep wells (ground water). When it rains, water sources are easily obtained from abundant river water and from dug wells that have sufficient water level. The problem of water needs for rural communities who live in hilly and mountainous areas is the need for appropriate technology Hydram Pumps which are relatively inexpensive and affordable by the community because they have the power of hydropower, are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Community service activities, using the survey method of installation activities and field observations, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), which involves the community. This activity is carried out through: counseling, training and demonstrations. The results and benefits obtained by the application of appropriate technology, with the potential for hydram pumps come from water power sources that have speed, potential energy and kinetic energy that gives water hammer to the inlet pipe and compressed tube, so that it causes a great pressure to lift water to a higher place. Keywords: Hydram Pump, Hydro Power, Environment Friendly, Springs, Water hammer. ABSTRAK Masalah air termasuk masalah yang tidak mudah diperoleh terutama pada saat kondisi musim kemarau. Sejatinya air merupakan kebutuhan vital bagi kehidupan manusia, tumbuhan dan hewan. Air untuk kebutuhan manusia digunakan untuk komsumsi air minum, masak, mencuci dan mandi. Daerah dengan topografi relatif datar, air relatif mudah diperoleh dari sumber air sumur dan sungai-sungai yang mengalir yang relatif tidak dalam, sehingga untuk memperoleh sumber air relatif mudah. Pada areal pengabdian dengan kondisi topografi datar dan sedikit berbukit-bukit, sehingga petani untuk memperoleh air dalam aktifitas pertanian dan untuk kebutuhan hidup, air diperoleh dari sungai dan sumur galian, mata air dan sumur dalam (air tanah). Saat hujan, sumber air mudah diperoleh dari air sungai yang melimpah dan dari sumur galian yang memiliki tinggi air yang cukup. Permasalahan kebutuhan air bagi masyarakat desa yang tinggal di daerah berbukit dan bergunung adalah membutuhkan teknologi tepat guna Pompa Hydram yang relatif murah dan terjangkau oleh masyarakat karena memiliki daya penggerak tenaga air (Hydro Power), hemat energi dan ramah lingkungan. Kegiatan pengabdian, mengggunakan metode survei kegiatan aktifitas pemasangan dan pengamatan lapangan, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) yaitu melibatkan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan melalui: penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan demonstrasi. Manfaat yang diperoleh bahwa dengan penerapan teknologi tepat guna, dengan potensi pompa hydram berasal dari sumber tenaga air yang memiliki kecepatan, energi potensial dan energi kinetik yang memberi hantaman air (water hammer) pada pipa pemasukan dan tabung kompressi, sehingga menimbulkan tekanan yang besar untuk mengangkat air ketempat yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: Pompa Hydram, Hydro Power, Ramah Lingkungan, Mata air, Water hammer

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Rajaonison, Andriamahefasoa, and Hery Tiana Rakotondramiarana. "Experimental Validation of a Mathematical Model of the Operation of a Hydraulic Ram Pump with a Springs System." American Journal of Applied Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2020.135.140.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ram pump'

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