Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ram Semen

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ram Semen'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ram Semen"

1

Salamon, S., and W. M. C. Maxwell. "Storage of ram semen." Animal Reproduction Science 62, no. 1-3 (August 2000): 77–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4320(00)00155-x.

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Oláh, János, Tamás Pécsi, András Kovács, Anna Pécsi, and András Jávor. "Tenability of ram semen." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 31 (November 24, 2008): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/31/3008.

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It could be stated that the diluted semen of Awassi rams taken in the breeding season preserved its fertilizing abilityat different temperatures for different periods of time. The motility of spermatozoa kept at 23 vs. 8oC was checked daily. The largest spread of data was observed 24 hours after taking the semen, then the motility rate of cells showed a linear decrease. Motility results of fresh and frozen-thawed samples were compared also after heat resistance test and significant differences were found between these groups. Significant individual differences were observedin the sperm motility after heat resistance test.
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Budai, Csilla, István Egerszegi, József Rátky, and András Kovács. "Storage of ram semen in gelatin supplemented extender." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 48 (July 31, 2012): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/48/2444.

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The aim of our study was to examine how different gelatin concentrations affect ram semens viability in liquid storage at 5 oC for five days. Our hypothesis was if we add gelatin to the semen extender, than the viability of ram semen will be better in the extenders containing gelatin, than the control. We used two different semen extenders:1.5% UHT milk and 1.5% UHT milk + 5% egg yolk. We added 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0% Dr. Oetker gelatin to the semen extenders. We stored the semen for five days at 5 oC and in every 24 hour we made sampling.We stained the smears with Kovács-Foote staining and evaluated them with light-microscope. We categorized the cells in five groups like: live and intact cells, live cells with injured acrosome, dead cells, live head with dead tail and live tail with dead head. We used one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assign how gelatin concentration affects the number of the categorized cells. On the fifth day, the viability was the best in the following semen extenders: 1.5% fat UHT milk + 1.0% gelatin and 1.5% fat UHT milk + 1.5% gelatin, but it was not significant (p>0.05).
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Ptáček, M., M. Stádníková, F. Savvulidi, and L. Stádník. "Ram Semen Cryopreservation Using Egg Yolk or Egg Yolk-free Extenders: Preliminary Results." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0014.

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Abstract Kinematic parameters of thawed ram semen frozen under field conditions were analysed with the use of two commercial (egg yolk vs egg yolk free) semen extenders in different year-seasonal periods. The semen was collected from Suffolk (n = 2) and Charollais (n = 1) rams kept in private breeding farm on 3 test days (pre-mating, at mating, post mating) during year 2016. Two commercial semen extenders (egg yolk-based BullXcell® or egg yolk-free AndroMed®) were used for semen processing. Processed semen was frozen in 0.25 ml plastic cryostraws using the custom-made portable freezing box for ram semen cryopreservation under field conditions. Thawed semen characteristics were evaluated using computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system immediately after thawing and after 2 h of heat incubation (±38°C). Significantly higher total motility (+12.3%), straight line velocity (+5.6 μm s−1), and average-path velocity (+6.9 μm s−1) were detected for the semen processed and cryopreserved using egg yolk-based semen extender. Year-seasonal variation and introducing the ram to service had shown to have a significant effect on the cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. These preliminary results confirmed the feasibility of ram semen processing and cryopreservation under field conditions.
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Swelum, A. A., I. M. Saadeldin, M. Bahadi, M. Afifi, M. Al-Mutary, and A. N. Alowaimer. "The effect of heterologous seminal plasma from ram, buck or camel on the freezability of ram semen." Veterinární Medicína 63, No. 11 (November 19, 2018): 500–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/52/2018-vetmed.

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Here, we compared the effects of ram, buck and dromedary camel seminal plasma mixed with TRIS-egg yolk glycerol extender on the freezing preservation of ram semen. Awassi ram semen samples underwent primary evaluation and were then pooled and diluted with the following diluents: TRIS-egg yolk glycerol mixed with (1) whole ram semen as a control (T); (2) ram sperm after seminal plasma removal (W); or (3) ram, (4) buck or (5) camel seminal plasma (R, B and C, respectively). The diluted semen was frozen using liquid nitrogen vapor. Various sperm parameters were evaluated in the frozen semen. Total motility before and after freezing was significantly higher in R, B and C diluents than in T and W diluents. Progressive motility after freezing was significantly higher in R, B, C and T diluents than in W diluent. Vitality after freezing was significantly higher in B than in W diluent. DNA fragmentation before and after freezing was significantly lower in R, B, C and T diluents than in W diluent. Plasma membrane integrity before and after freezing was significantly higher in R, B and C diluents than in W diluent. Sperm abnormalities before freezing were significantly lower in R, B and C diluents than in W diluent. Malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher in T and W diluents than other diluents. Reduced glutathione concentration was significantly higher in B diluent than other diluents. Moreover, reduced glutathione concentration was significantly higher in C, R and W diluents than in T diluent. Thus, the addition of ram, buck or camel seminal plasma to TRIS-egg yolk glycerol extender improved the quality of frozen ram semen, while seminal plasma removal adversely affected it. Ram, buck and camel seminal plasma had similar effects, with no significant differences between them on the evaluated parameters of frozen ram semen.
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Zegeye, Zemenu Birhan, Nóra Vass, and Andualem Tomano. "Application of laparoscopic artificial insemination in conventional Lacaune sheep farm using frozen-thawed semen." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/2/7113.

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The complex anatomical structure of the ewe reproductive tract accompanied with low quality of frozen ram semen for artificial insemination, resulted in a challenge with regard to using superior genotypes for reproductive ovine performance. Hence, improved genetics in ovine management has not been efficiently and widely used especially in undeveloped countries. Therefore, intrauterine semen deposition by laparoscopic insemination should be adopted in the current sheep production systems. Thus, this study aimed to assess the pregnancy rate and lambing rate of ewe inseminated by laparoscopic insemination techniques using frozen-thawed semen. The research used imported frozen semen from two rams of the Lacaune breed. Ewes were grouped according to age in years (1, 2 and 4). Before insemination, the semen was examined microscopically for its motility and viability and thereafter the laparoscopic artificial insemination technique was performed to 19 Lacaune breed ewes using frozen-thawed semen. The overall pregnancy and prolificacy rates were 31.57% and 42.10% respectively. Out of 2 ewes in the 1-year age group that were inseminated, only 1 ewe lambed representing 50%. However, from 16 ewes inseminated of four-year age group, 5 ewes lambed representing 31.25%. Significant difference based on age group was not evaluated due disproportionate of the data, (such that the data included 2 ewes in one-year-old age, 1 ewe in 2-year-old age and 16 ewes in 4-year-old age). Based on the ram semen, 33.33% and 30% of the inseminated ewes were pregnant from ram A and ram B semen respectively. However, in the case of prolificacy rate, 44.44% and 40 % of the ewes lambed from using semen of ram A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in pregnancy and prolificacy rates based on semen from the two rams. In conclusion, in this research study, ram semen had no significant effect on pregnancy and prolificacy rates using laparoscopic AI on Lacaune sheep. This could be due to the fact that the rams had very good quality semen. Evaluation of ram semen, accompanied with appropriate ewe selection based on age and rightful deposition of semen could lead to better and more consistent results. Overall this could contribute to the successful application of laparoscopic artificial insemination in Lacaune sheep production systems for enhanced productivity.
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Amiridis, G. S., A. Lymberopoulos, Sophia Varsakeli, Theodora Kouskoura, and Sophia Belibasaki. "Ram seminal plasma and fertility: Results from an ongoing field study." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 48, no. 3 (July 1, 2000): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.48.2000.3.10.

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The effects of partial replacement of ram semen diluent with ram seminal plasma on the fertility of ewes were studied. Crossbred Chios ewes (n = 152) were assigned to six groups. The oestrous cycles of the ewes were synchronised at the peak (Groups A, B, C and D) and at the end (Groups E and F) of the breeding season by means of intravaginal sponges impregnated with fluorogestone acetate (FGA) for 14 days. Four hundred IU of PMSG were injected intramuscularly at the time of sponge removal. Ewes of Groups A, C and E were artificially inseminated with ram semen diluted with skim milk extender, while those of Groups B, D and F with ram semen diluted with 50% skim milk and 50% ram seminal plasma. The addition of ram seminal plasma induced a significant increase (P < 0.05) in litter size in Groups B and D when compared with that of Groups A and C (1.85 and 1.88 vs. 1.39 and 1.52, respectively). This increase was not significant when insemination was performed at the end of the breeding season (2.0 vs. 1.4). These results indicate that the addition of seminal plasma can influence the fertility of ewes or the fertilising capacity of extended ram semen to some extent.
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Ahangari, Y. J., M. Nowrozi, and A. Soleimani. "The effect of dilution rates and freezing methods on post-thawing motility of Baluchi ram spermatozoa." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200007869.

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For the effective use of Artificial insemination technique in sheep industry, investigation on the methods of ram semen dilution and freezing is necessary. Ahangari (1992) showed that various rates of dilution from 1:1 to 1:4 did not affect p>0.05 post thawing survival of Cambridge ram spermatozoa. Fiser et al (1987) achieved a 73% c.f. 67% pregnancy rate using thawed semen, previously frozen to -100 and -79 respectively. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of two rates of dilution of semen and two methods of freezing on post-thawing motility of ram spermatozoa.
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Widiantoro, Krisna, Sri Pantja Madyawati, Trilas Sardjito, Tatik Hernawati, Indah Norma Triana, and Sunaryo Hadi Warsito. "Kualitas post-thawing semen domba Merino dalam bahan pengencer berbasis susu skim-kuning telur yang ditambah isolat crude protein Tirosine Kinase." Ovozoa : Journal of Animal Reproduction 10, no. 2 (August 17, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ovz.v10i2.2021.39-45.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of crude protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) isolates supplementation into skim milk-egg yolk based diluent to maintain the quality of Merino ram spermatozoa. Four ejaculates of two Merino rams were divided into two groups for the control group (P0): Merino ram semen was diluted in skimmed milk-egg yolk based diluent, and the treatment group (P1): Merino ram semen was diluted in skim milk-egg yolk based diluent contained crude PTK 1,597 mg/ml diluent. All diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 hours at 5 °C and filled into 0.25 mL French straws. The filled straws were placed on steel racks (Cooltop, Minitube) held in liquid nitrogen vapour for 10 minutes at –140 °C, immersed immediately in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C, and stored for 48 hours for later assessment. Post-thawed semen samples were evaluated for spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormality. The results showed that the spermatozoa motility of fresh semen of Merino ram was 82.5 ± 2.89, which was qualified for freezing. The post-thawing spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormalities of Merino ram in the P1 group were 34.11 ± 3.26%, 38.00 ± 3.00%, and 12.89 ± 4.54%, respectively. It were higher (p <0.05) than the control group of 24.44 ± 2.9%, 26.67 ± 3.32%, and 21.11 ± 3.02%. It was concluded that the addition of crude PTK isolates of 1.597 mg/ml skim milk-egg yolk diluent improved the quality of post-thawed spermatozoa of Merino ram.
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Windsor, D. P. "Mitochondrial function and ram sperm fertility." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 9, no. 3 (1997): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/r96109.

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These experiments investigated the effect of freezing on mitochondrial function in ram sperm, the effectiveness of current freezing procedures in protecting mitochondria, and the role of mitochondrial respiration in cervical penetration and transit by ram sperm. Only sperm with functioning mitochondria (assessed by rhodamine 123 staining) after freezing and thawing were motile in a viscous medium (P < 0· 05). A simplified rhodamine 123 uptake assay was developed to monitor sperm mitochondrial function. The results of this procedure were highly correlated (r2 = 0 · 98) with the proportion of damaged sperm in the semen sample. A semen freezing procedure commonly used by industry was compared with newer methods, and with freezing without cryoprotectants. None of the freezing protocols produced sperm with higher post-thaw levels of mitochondrial integrity than unprotected sperm. Merino ewes were inseminated with semen treated with metabolic inhibitors. Glycolytic inhibition did not affect fertility. Mitochondrial inhibition reduced fertility in cervically (P < 0 · 05), but not laparoscopically inseminated ewes. It is concluded that mitochondrial respiration plays an important part in penetration of the cervix by ram sperm. Mitochondrial injury during freezing is likely to be implicated in the poor fertility of frozen ram semen used for cervical insemination.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ram Semen"

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Samo, Mohammed Uris. "Studies on the preservation of ram semen." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389688.

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Ahangari, Yousef Jarari. "Cryopreservation of ram semen for artificial insemination." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cryopreservation-of-ram-semen-for-artificial-insemination(25836205-fd80-43ad-a725-ac602fb33b87).html.

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A theoretical study showed that Al can greatly affect the efficiency of sheep breeding schemes provided fertility is maintained at the highest levels. Factors that affect the survival of ram spermatozoa during preservation were studied. A pH range between 6 and 7 was well tolerated. The addition of 4% (v/v) glycerol to the diluted ram semen in Tris buffer lowered the motility and survival of spermatozoa during 5 hours of storage at 30'C. Following insemination of chilled ram semen, with and without glycerol in the diluent, lambing percentages of 59% and 73% respectively were obtained. Ram semen was frozen in 0.25 ml straws using various cooling combinations. The optimal procedure was found to be to cool rapidly from 5'C to -120'C at -20'C/min. When semen so treated was compared in a fertility trial with semen frozen by the pellet method of Evans and Maxwell (1987), lambing percentages of 14% and 18% respectively were obtained. Attempts were made to formulate a vitrifying diluent for ram semen. A method was developed for the assessment of semen in highly concentrated cryoprotective solutions. Semen tolerated 10% concentrations of each of glycerol, acetamide and propylene glycol applied together, but when concentrations were raised above this level sperm mortality was very high. A simple spectrophotometric procedure for the objective assessment of vigour of ram semen was developed and tested. Raffinose 66 mM in the freezing diluent improved the post-thawing revival rate of spermatozoa from 46% to 71%, and increased the post-thawing recovery of the swimmingup vigour (P< 0.01). Raffinose treatment reduced the ATP content of semen but did not reduce the rate of glucose oxidation by diluted spermatozoa at either the pre-freezing or post-thawing stages. Frozen storage of ram spermatozoa as pellets was best achieved using two volumes of Tris buffer diluent containing 18% (v/v) egg-yolk, 6% (v/v) glycerol and 66 mM raffinose to one volume of semen. The diluted semen was chilled to 5'C and frozen as 0.10 ml pellets on dry ice. For frozen storage of ram semen in 0.25 ml straws, best results were obtained when the Tris buffer diluent contained 18% (v/v) egg-yolk, 9% (v/v) glycerol and 66 mM raffmose, and cooling was at a rate of -30'C/min from 5'C to -120'C. Non-return rates were 21%, 20% and 31% for ewes inseminated with semen samples frozen as standard 0.20 ml pellets, as raffinose containing 0.10 ml pellets, and as raffinose containing 0.25 ml straws respectively. Of the in vitro tests, only the swim-up test was correlated with non-return rates (r=0.904, P< 0.1). Post-thawing survival of the spermatozoa was improved by the addition of raffinose which had no deleterious effect on fertility.
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Arman, Chairussyuhur. "Use of compounds of epididymal and plant origin in maintaining viability of ram spermatozoa." Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha727.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 267-292. This study aimed at finding better ways of storing ram semen at refrigerator or room temperature with particular reference to ingredients readily available in Indonesia, namely coconut extract and quail egg yolk. Coconut extract showed consistent advantages with regard to sperm motility and quail egg yolk was as effective as hen egg yolk. Investigations were extended to examine storage for subnormal semen such as would be produced during periods of heat stress. Motility was assessed visually and using a Hamilton Thorn semen evaluation apparatus.
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Mataveia, Gracinda Andre. "Effect of heterologous seminal plasma and semen extenders on motility of frozen-thawed ram sperm." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05142008-123139/.

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Quintana, Casares Pablo Ignacio. "Studies on the relationship between characteristics of ram semen and fertility." Title page, contents and summary only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phq7.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 274-316) Examines several aspects of male reproduction in the sheep, and how these are related to fertility in the female when semen is introduced by natural mating or artificial insemination.
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Gil, Laureiro Jorge. "Fertility of frozen ram semen under field conditions : with special reference to influence of extenders and freezing procedures /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-5941-9_1+2.pdf.

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Baggio, Melchiani. "Avaliação de duas curvas de congelação e dois sistemas de refrigeração para a preservação de sêmen ovino combinados com três diluentes comerciais e suas interferências na motilidade viabilidade, potencial de membrana mitocondrial e defeitos acrossomais espermáticos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142546.

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Com os processos de preservação do sêmen, os espermatozoides sofrem danos devido à indução de alterações estruturais e funcionais na membrana e, aliada a estrutura anatômica do cérvix da ovelha, repercute na redução de fertilidade após a inseminação artificial. Muitos protocolos de congelação e de refrigeração aliados a inúmeros diluentes, vêm sendo estudados, a fim de diminuir os danos causados a essas células e aumentar sua capacidade fertilizante. Para otimizar os processos de congelação e de refrigeração, os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar (1) a influência do método de congelação na motilidade, viabilidade, potencial de membrana mitocondrial e nos defeitos acrossomais do semen ovino criopreservado e (2) a influência de três diluentes comerciais na motilidade, viabilidade, potencial de membrana mitocondrial e nos defeitos acrossomais do sêmen ovino refrigerado. Doze ejaculados foram coletados, diluídos e congelados utilizando (A) uma curva manual de congelação (em vapor de nitrogênio liquido) e (B) um congelador programável (CL-8800, Cryologic Freeze Control®). Na curva A, as amostras foram refrigeradas e congeladas à 30°C/min. Na curva B, houve uma redução de temperatura de 20°C até -50°C durante 37min. Imediatamente após as curvas de criopreservação, as amostras foram submersas em nitrogênio líquido (-196ºC). Para o descongelamento, as palhetas foram submetidas à 37°C por 20seg e analisadas. Para os protocolos de refrigeração, o sêmen diluído em Botubov®, Bovimix® e TYB® foi armazenado à 5°C e à 15°C, e avaliado em 0, 24, 48 e 72h pós coleta. As análises de viabilidade e potencial de membrana mitocondrial (MMP) foram realizadas por citometria de fluxo, e a motilidade e os defeitos acrossomais foram avaliados microscopicamente. Motilidade (29%), viabilidade (18%) e MMP (26%) dos espermatozoides criopreservados com o diluente Bovimix® e a curva B foram significativamente (P<0,05) superiores do que todos os outros tratamentos. As amostras refrigeradas e diluídas com o diluente Bovimix® apresentaram resultados superiores, tanto à 5°C quanto à 15°C, para MMP (44% e 51%, respectivamente) e viabilidade (60% e 53%, respectivamente) 72h pós coleta, quando comparado com as amostras diluídas com Botubov® e TYB®. Em conclusão, os protocolos de congelação/descongelação e de refrigeração utilizados nestes experimentos, reduziram a motilidade, viabilidade, MMP e aumentaram os defeitos acrossomais quando comparados com o sêmen fresco. Os protocolos de congelação/descongelação prejudicaram mais a função espermática quando comparado com os protocolos de refrigeração. Por fim, os resultados sugerem que as amostras espermáticas diluídas com o diluente Bovimix® causou menos danos às células espermáticas do que as amostras diluídas com os diluentes Botubov® e TYB®, tanto nos protocolos de congelação, quanto nos protocolos de refrigeração.
The process of sperm preservation damages spermatozoa due to induction of structural and functional changes in the membrane, and allied to the ewe cervix anatomy, reflects the reduction in fertility after artificial insemination. Many semen preservation protocols including freezing and cooling rates coupled with different extenders have been studied in order to reduce sperm cryo-damage, increase the fertilizing capacity and increase the time of storage. To improve freezing and cooling processes, the objectives of this study were to determine (1) the influence of freezing method on sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and defected acrosome of cryopreserved sperm and (2) the influence of three commercial extenders on the motility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and defected acrosome of liquid storaged and frozen-thawed sperm. Twelve semen samples were collected from two mature rams, pooled, and diluted in Botubov®, Bovimix® and TYB®, and frozen using (A) a manual freezing method (liquid nitrogen vapor) and (B) an automated programmable freezer (CL-8800, Cryologic Freeze Control®). For curve A, semen samples were maintained at 37°C and then cooled/frozen at 30°C/min. For curve B, the temperature reduced from 20°C to -50°C during 37min. Immediately, after cryopreservation curves, samples were plunged and stored into liquid nitrogen (-196ºC). Then, the straws were thawed at 37°C for 20sec, and analyzed. For cooling studies, pooled ram semen was diluted in Botubov®, Bovimix® and TYB®, stored at 5°C and at 15°C, and evaluated at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post collection. For viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assessments, semen samples were stained and analyzed by flow cytometry. Motility and defected acrosome assessments were analyzed microscopically. Motility (29%), viability (18%) and MMP (26%) of spermatozoa cryopreserved in Bovimix® coupled to curve B were significantly (P<0.05) higher than all other treated groups. Semen samples diluted with Bovimix® and stored at 5°C and at 15°C yielded better MMP (44% and 51%, respectively) than the samples diluted in Botubov® and in TYB®, and also showed higher viability characteristics at 5°C and at 15°C (60% and 53%, respectively) 72h post collection. In conclusion, freezing/thawing and cooling protocols used in these experiments reduced sperm motility, viability, MMP and increased the defects of acrosomes when compared to fresh semen. Freezing/thawing protocols harmed more spermatozoa function than cooling protocols. Furthermore, our results suggest that the semen samples diluted in the extender Bovimix® caused the least cellular injury than the samples diluted in Botubov® and in TYB® on freezing and on cooling protocols.
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Pinheiro, Carlos Bayard Martins. "Uso do semên ovino congelado em inseminação artificiais cervicais e fatores que afetam a fertilidade dos rebanhos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17455.

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O melhoramento genético ovino carece de uma maior conexão genética entre os rebanhos, o que pode solucionado pelo uso mais intensivo do sêmen congelado. Entretanto, com os níveis tecnológicos atualmente disponíveis o sêmen congelado apenas pode ser empregado com eficácia diretamente no útero, dependendo de sincronização de estros e mão de obra especializada para as inseminações via laparoscopia. Uma outra alternativa é o uso de sêmen congelado com 200 milhões de espermatozóides por dose com inseminações efetuadas cerca de doze horas após a identificação do estro, preconizado para a inseminação artificial dos ovinos na Noruega pelos próprios produtores. O presente ensaio consta de uma adaptação local deste modelo com o objetivo geral de verificar a viabilidade de uso da inseminação cervical superficial com sêmen ovino congelado numa dose de 0,25 ml contendo 200 x 106 de espermatozóides em palhetas de 0,50 ml após cio natural, empregando baixo uso de insumos e mão de obra semi-qualificada. As observações foram procedidas em duas propriedades no Rio Grande do Sul, incluindo 1419 ovelhas das raças Merino, Ideal e Texel. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que as diferenças nas taxas de não retorno entre carneiros poderá ser minimizada através da utilização de outros métodos de análise e seleção de carneiros mais férteis após os procedimentos de congelamento/descongelamento, e, adicionalmente que a constatação de uma taxa de não retorno entre 25-35% nas distintas condições investigadas, permitem inferir que os sistemas investigados podem ser utilizados para interligar geneticamente rebanhos via uso de sêmen congelado.
A sheep improvement program depends on genetic connexion among flocks, which could be done by extensive use of frozen semen. However, nowadays-available technology just recommends the employment of frozen semen directly inside the uterine ambient through laparoscopy. Alternatively, there is a model recommended for Norway producers including frozen semen with 200 millions of sperms used in cervical superficial inseminations up to twelve hours from oestrus detection. The present essay is an local adaption of this system aiming to verify the viability of the employment of frozen semen for sheep reproduction in a volume of 0,25 ml, with 200 x 106 sperms in 0,50 ml straws, after natural oestrus, using low input resource and semi-qualified artificial insemination technicians. The observations were done in the two properties located at Rio Grande do Sul, including 1419 ewes from Merino, Ideal and Texel breeds. The results obtained indicate that the differences in non return rates among rams could be minimized by the employment of other methods of ram selection before the freezing procedures, and additionally the observed 25-35% non return rates in the distinct conditions investigated, permits to infer that the tested system could be useful to connect genetically the flocks using frozen semen.
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Osuagwuh, Uchebuchi Ike. "Further approaches on sperm cryopreservation protocol towards the establishment of the sperm bank from endangered native Catalan ram breeds (Xisqueta and Aranesa)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458670.

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En esta tesis doctoral, el objetivo principal fue proporcionar más información sobre los procesos de crioconservación de espermatozoides de Aranesa y Xisqueta así como explorara estrategias para loa mejora de su calidad tras la descongelación previo a su aplicación. Para ello, se evaluó el efecto estacional y la implantación de melatonina en sus características reproductivas. Además, la calidad del semen conservado a 50C durante 24h en un medio de congelación obtenido de diferentes machos fuera y dentro de la época reproductiva fue analizado. El objetivo fue proporcionar información útil sobre el efecto de la refrigeración en la calidad de los espermatozoides mantenidos durante cierto tiempo antes de su crioconservación o como alternativa al semen congelado para su uso en IA. Este estudio demostró que los implantes de melatonina en los machos fuera de la época reproductiva mejoraron casi todos los parámetros espermáticos estudiados durante su conservación mediante refrigeración. Asimismo, en esta tesis, la eficacia de 2 métodos de recogida de semen, electroeyaculación (EE) vs. Vagina Artificial (AV)) sobre la calidad del semen fresco y descongelado de Aranesa ha sido analizada, con el objetivo de conocer la posibilidad de crear de forma rápida un banco de semen, especialmente a partir de un elevado número de machos no entrenados, aportando información esencial acerca de estos métodos de recogida de semen sobre la calidad de los espermatozoides pre- y post-descongelación. Nuestros resultados demuestran la inclusión del método de EE como alternativa viable y más rápida para la recogida de semen dentro del desarrollo del programa de conservación y establecimiento de criobanco de semen de Aranesa. Otro estudio de la presente tesis evaluó la calidad seminal de los espermatozoides ovinos criopreservados con o sin plasma seminal bajo condiciones controladas y sujetos a un test de evaluación termal durante 4h tras la descongelación, siendo el objetivo de este test resistencia el proporcionar un mayor conocimiento sobre su capacidad de supervivencia en el tracto genital femenino y de fecundar al óvulo. Este estudio demostró que la presencia de plasma seminal plasma previa a la congelación fue beneficiosa para el mantenimiento de la motilidad espermática tras la descongelación y muy útil para la creación del banco de semen. Por último, se evaluó también el efecto del lavado por centrifugación de los espermatozoides descongelados y la subsiguiente suplementación con plasma seminal (20%) recogido por EE fuera y dentro de la época reproductiva y por VA durante la estación reproductiva, seguido de un periodo de incubación de 90 min. El objetivo era conocer si la suplementación de las dosis seminales con plasma seminal de distinto origen tras un test de Resistencia térmica a 37oC podría mejorar la calidad y supervivencia de los espermatozoides descongelados durante su paso a lo largo del tracto genital femenino. Este estudio demostró que la adición de plasma seminal, independientemente de su origen, mantiene las funciones espermáticas y características de motilidad durante el periodo de incubación tras la descongelación. De la misma manera, se observó que el lavado por centrifugación o la eliminación del diluyente tras la descongelación no es necesario. Podemos concluir que la aplicación de implantes de melatonina a los sementales durante la época no reproductiva proporcionó un efecto beneficioso en los espermatozoides de morueco durante la refrigeración, la inclusión de la electoeyaculación como método de recogida de semen de la raza Aranesa para el establecimiento de un banco de semen es recomendable, y finalmente, la presencia de plasma seminal previo a la criopreservación o su adición tras la descongelación de los espermatozoides es importante para el mantenimiento de la motilidad y demás funciones espermáticas.
The new interest towards the characterization and conservation of Aranesa and Xisqueta ram breeds was constituted by ex situ programs using techniques such as semen cryopreservation following its ultimate use for artificial insemination. However, there are still concerns due to issues regarding frozen-thawed sperm quality. Therefore, with the present technological advances made on sperm evaluating techniques, a wealth of information on their sperm characteristics may be achieved, improving the application of refrigerated and frozen-thawed semen technology. In this doctoral thesis, the general aim was to provide some more information on Aranesa and Xisqueta sperm processes for cryopreservation as well as exploring some strategies towards improving their post-thawed sperm quality prior to testing for further application. To this regard, we evaluated the seasonal effect and melatonin implantation on their reproductive characteristics. In addition, the quality of sperm stored at 50C for 24h in a cryopreservation media from the various ram donors during a non-breeding and breeding season was determined. The goal was to provide some useful information on the effect of chilled liquid storage on sperm quality held for a period of time prior to cryopreservation or as an alternative to frozen-thawed semen for AI. This study demonstrated that melatonin implantation to rams during the non-breeding season improved almost all sperm parameters studied during chilled liquid semen storage. Furthermore, in this thesis, the efficacy of two collection methods electroejaculation (EE) vs. artificial vagina (AV)) on fresh and post-thawed sperm quality of Aranesa ram sperm. The objective being that for rapid constitution of the sperm bank especially from a large number of untrained males within a short period of time, information on semen recovery methods on pre- and post-thawed sperm quality is essential. Our finding supports the inclusion of EE method as a viable alternative and quicker method for semen collection towards the ongoing conservation program and establishment of Aranesa sperm cryobank. Another study in this thesis evaluated the sperm motility and qualitative characteristics of ram spermatozoa cryopreserved with or without seminal plasma under a controlled condition and subjected to a 4 h post-thawing thermal evaluation test. The goal being that exposing these frozen-thawed sperm to thermal resistance test will provide some knowledge on their survivability in the female genital tract towards fertilizing the ovum. This study demonstrated that the presence of seminal plasma prior to cryopreservation was beneficial in maintaining post thawed sperm motility, and as such, may be useful for ex situ ram sperm cryopreservation towards its use for artificial insemination. The last study in this thesis evaluated the effect of washing frozen-thawed sperm by centrifugation and subsequently supplementing with whole seminal plasma (20%) collected by EE from a non-breeding and breeding season or by AV from a breeding season, following a 90 min incubation period. The aim being that supplementing these sperm samples with different seminal plasma source following a thermal resistance test at 37oC will provide some insight as regards their quality and survivability in the female genital tract. This study demonstrates that supplementing frozen-thawed sperm with seminal plasma irrespective of its source maintained sperm functions and motility characteristics during a post-thawing incubation period. Furthermore, washing by centrifugation or removal of freezing component after thawing was not necessary. We can therefore conclude that melatonin implants on male during a non-breeding season provided a beneficial effect on ram sperm during chilled liquid storage, the inclusion of EE as method for semen collection towards the establishment of a sperm bank is recommendable, and finally, the presence of seminal plasma prior to cryopreservation or its addition to post-thawed sperm was important in maintaining sperm motility and functions.
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Delgado, Cáceres Belma Exrlalia. "Evaluación espermática de semen de ovino tratado por la técnica de gradiente de densidad." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2013. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/589.

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La finalidad del presente estudio fue evaluar en 2 tiempos la calidad espermática de muestras de semen de ovino tratadas por la técnica de gradiente de densidad con respecto a muestras no tratadas. Se utilizó un total de 102 eyaculados de carnero que presentaron en promedio un volumen de 1.12 ± 0.34 ml, color blanquecino, aspecto cremoso, pH de 6.73 ± 0.25, concentración inicial de 3.54 x 109 ± 5.30 x 108 esp/ml y motilidad masal alrededor del grado 4. Posteriormente, cada eyaculado se dividió en un grupo control y experimental de volúmenes iguales. El semen del grupo control fue diluido con Triladyl® y el experimental, tratado con la técnica de gradiente de densidad. La tasa de recuperación espermática después del tratamiento fue del 31.50 ± 10.89%. Se encontró un aumento significativo (p<0.05) en la motilidad individual progresiva, el porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos y de espermatozoides con membrana intacta en las muestras tratadas con respecto al grupo control (92.07 ± 1.81% vs. 85.74 ± 1.75%, 78.42 ± 5.13% vs. 75.19 ± 4.59%, 78.55 ± 4.34% vs. 73.37 ± 4.48%, respectivamente); así como una disminución significativa (p<0.05) en el porcentaje de espermatozoides anormales en las muestras del grupo experimental con respecto al grupo control (8.41 ± 1.33% vs. 9.94 ± 1.73%). El resto de muestras de ambos grupos fue distribuido en pajillas de 0.25 ml y enfriadas hasta alcanzar los 5°C para su refrigeración por 24 horas. Las muestras tratadas con gradiente de densidad presentaron un aumento significativos (p<0.05), con respecto al grupo control, en motilidad individual progresiva, el porcentaje de espermatozoides vivos y el porcentaje de espermatozoides con membrana intacta (86.94 ± 3.14% vs. 82.44 ± 2.26%, 71.24 ± 4.11% vs. 68.82 ± 4.15%, 70.87 ± 3.11% vs. 67.98 ± 4.42%, respectivamente). En conclusión, la técnica de gradiente favoreció la obtención de un mayor número de espermatozoides vivos, de mejor motilidad y con membrana intacta, así como la disminución del número de espermatozoides anormales tanto en muestras frescas como refrigeradas. The purpose of the present study was to assess at 2 evaluation times the sperm quality from ram semen treated with the density gradient technique and to compare it against non-treated ram semen. A total of 102 ejaculates were evaluated. The mean macroscopic parameters were: volume of 1.12 ± 0.34 ml, creamy white color, creamy-dense appearance, pH of 6.73 ± 0.25, initial concentration of 3.54 x 109 ± 5.30 x 108 spz/ml and mass motility around grade 4. Then, each ejaculate was divided into two equal volume groups: the control and experimental group. For the control group, the sample was diluted in Triladyl®. The experimental group was treated with the density gradient technique. The recovery rate after treatment was 31.50 ± 10.89%.The results showed that, at zero hour, samples treated undergo a significant increase (p <0.05), compared with the control group, in individual progressive motility, percentage of living spermatozoa and the percentage of spermatozoa with intact membrane (92.07 ± 1.81% vs. 85.74 ± 1.75%, 78.42 ± 5.13% vs. 75.19 ± 4.59%, 78.55 ± 4.34% vs. 73.37 ± 4.48%, respectively). There was also a significant decrease (p <0.05) in the percentage of abnormal in samples from the experimental group compared to control group spermatozoa (8.41 ± 1.33% vs. 9.94 ± 1.73%). The remaining samples, from both the control and experimental group, were distributed in 0.25 ml straws and cooled to 5°C for 24 hours refrigeration. Then, the samples were evaluated. After 24 hours at 5°C, the samples treated with the density gradient technique showed significantly greater values (p <0.05), compared with the control group, in individual progressive motility, percentage of living spermatozoa and the percentage of spermatozoa with intact membrane (86.94 ± 3.14% vs. 82.44 ± 2.26%, 71.24 ± 4.11% vs. 68.82 ± 4.15%, 70.87 ± 3.11% vs. 67.98 ± 4.42%, respectively). In conclusion, in the present study, the density gradient technique allowed to obtain better a greater number of living spermatozoa with better motility, intact membrane and with lower abnormalities in fresh and refrigerated samples.
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Books on the topic "Ram Semen"

1

O'Neill, Daniel J. Studies related to the cryopreservation of ram spermatozoa. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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Byrne, Garret P. Effects of freezing rate of ram semen on subsequent fertility in vivo and in vitro. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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Deuber-Mankowsky, Astrid, and Reinhold Görling, eds. Denkweisen des Spiels. Wien: Turia + Kant, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-10.

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Gibt es eine spezifische Medialität des Spiels, die es sinnvoll macht, das Verhältnis jeden Ereignisses zu seiner Umgebung als Spiel zu beschreiben? In welcher Weise können Technik, Spiel und Ästhetik neu gedacht werden? Immer dann, wenn Technik mit mechanischen Bewegungen verbunden wird, sehen wir sie im Gegensatz zum Spiel. Wenn Technik jedoch mit Ästhetik assoziiert wird, taucht das Spiel als Teil der Technik auf. Spiel bringt Dinge in Relation und verändert sie dadurch. Wenn Materie als rhythmische Bewegung gedacht wird und Spiel auf Wiederholung basiert, rückt der Spielbegriff ins Zentrum einer medienwissenschaftlichen Auslegung der relationalen Beschaffenheit von Zeit und Raum. Vor dem Hintergrund der Aktualität, welche die Spieletheorien von Huizinga und Caillois in den Game Studies erlangten, unternimmt der vorliegende Band eine medienphilosophische Befragung des Spielbegriffs. Er behandelt dabei das Spiel unter Bezugnahme auf Fragen der Neuen Materialismen und wirft zugleich einen neuen Blick auf das Spiel in der Psychoanalyse.
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Cohn, Theodore H. Governing global trade: International institutions in conflict and convergence. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 2002.

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Claridge, Andrew, John Seebeck, and Randy Rose. Bettongs, Potoroos and the Musky Rat-kangaroo. CSIRO Publishing, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643095083.

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Rat-kangaroos have not coped well with the impact of European settlement in Australia. Of the 11 species present in 1788, two are extinct, two are either mostly or totally restricted to offshore islands and the range of all other species has been much reduced. Habitat alienation, altered fire regimes, grazing, predation by introduced carnivores, competition from rabbits and timber harvesting have variously taken their toll on these little-seen animals. The rat-kangaroo was one of the first Australian marsupials to be seen alive in Europe. Collected close to the settlement at Sydney Cove, a pair of them were exhibited in London in 1789. These animals were called by the local Aboriginal people 'Pot-o-roo', and by the European settlers, 'Kangooroo rat'. They were the Long-nosed Potoroo, Potorous tridactylus, the first of what we now call 'Rat-kangaroos' to be discovered. Bettongs, Potoroos and the Musky Rat-kangaroo provides an extraordinary glimpse into the secretive lives of these unusual marsupials. It also reveals little-known facts about the critical functional role these creatures play in maintaining the forest and woodland habitats in which they live. Winner of the 2008 Whitley Award for Natural History.
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Johnsen, Bredo. Ludwig Wittgenstein. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190662776.003.0012.

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Over half of Wittgenstein’s raw, unedited remarks in On Certainty were written in seven weeks ending two days before his death, and he often expresses dissatisfaction with his progress. Unsurprisingly, they are rife with tensions. The author focuses on two topics centering on his crucial notion of “the propositions that are beyond doubt”: what it is for a proposition to have that status for someone, and whether Wittgenstein thinks we can defend our beliefs in such propositions. The author argues that his struggles can be seen to be leading him to views much like Quine’s. Three points of agreement stand out: (i) One cannot be faulted either for retaining any particular belief or for taking any particular belief as fundamental if doing so does not violate (iii). (ii) One can be wrong about the truth of any proposition. (iii) One’s world view must be kept squared with experience.
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Burra, Neera, ed. A Memoir of Pre-Partition Punjab. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199474004.001.0001.

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A Memoir of Pre-Partition Punjab is the autobiography of Ruchi Ram Sahni (1863–1948), a social reformer, science educator, and, in later life, an active participant in political affairs. It provides a rich account of the social, political, and intellectual ferment in the Punjab in the mid to late nineteenth century, seen through the eyes of a thoughtful observer who grew up in a business family in Dera Ismail Khan (now in Waziristan, Pakistan), and went on to Lahore, where he settled as a Professor of Chemistry at the Government College, Lahore. Sahni’s energetic life is evident from the range of activities he describes, from social reform in the Brahmo Samaj through science education in the Punjab, to participation in the background of the Congress Enquiry Committee into the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
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Thorne, Sara, and Paul Clift, eds. Anomalies of systemic venous drainage. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199228188.003.0019.

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Introduction 130Superior vena cava (SVC) anomalies 130Inferior vena cava (IVC) anomalies 132Commonly seen as part of complex disorder.Occurs due to failure of the LSVC to obliterate during embryogenesis.• Usually drains into RA via CS.• RSVC usually present too....
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Bagnall, Roger S., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Papyrology. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199843695.001.0001.

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Thousands of texts, written over a period of three thousand years on papyri and potsherds, in Egyptian, Greek, Latin, Aramaic, Hebrew, Persian, and other languages, have transformed our knowledge of many aspects of life in the ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern worlds. This book provides an introduction to the world of these ancient documents and literary texts, ranging from the raw materials of writing to the languages used, from the history of papyrology to its future, and from practical help in reading papyri to frank opinions about the nature of the work of papyrologists. It takes account of the important changes experienced by the discipline, especially within the last thirty years. The book includes work by twenty-seven international experts and more than one hundred illustrations.
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Monforti, Jessica Lavariega. One Hundred Years since Women’s Suffrage. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265144.003.0006.

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One hundred years since women won the right to vote in federal elections, the representation of women in elected office falls far below proportionality. The disparity is even greater for women of color: while significant proportions of the US population are Asian American, Black, and Latina women, few women of color hold elective office. Of the ninety-seven women who were elected in 2012 and are serving in the 113th Congress, only nine are Latina. These women are often marginalized by both their ethnorace and their gender. This chapter examines one hundred years of Latina political candidates, those who successfully ran for federal office, and the multiple, intersecting marginalities they faced and conquered in order to win their congressional elections.
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Book chapters on the topic "Ram Semen"

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Kendall, N. R., A. Green, S. McMullen, and R. G. Rodway. "The Effect of a Zinc, Cobalt, and Selenium Bolus on Ram Semen Quality and Trace Element Status." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 10, 769–71. New York, NY: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47466-2_245.

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Rüßler, Harald, and Janina Stiel. "Partizipation wie Ältere sie sehen – Beteiligung im Quartier aus Sicht älterer Bürger_innen." In Sozialer Raum und Alter(n), 157–83. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-06600-0_9.

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Komiya, Ryutaro. "APEC as Seen Through the Eyes of a Japanese Economist." In International Trade Policy and the Pacific Rim, 289–301. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14543-0_13.

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Hermsen, W. "Cyg X-3 Not Seen at High-Energy Gamma Rays." In X-Ray Astronomy in the Exosat Era, 313–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5448-9_44.

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Espinal, Carlos A., and Daniel Matulić. "Recirculating Aquaculture Technologies." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 35–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_3.

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AbstractRecirculating aquaculture technology, which includes aquaponics, has been under development for the past 40 years from a combination of technologies derived from the wastewater treatment and aquaculture sectors. Until recently, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) farms have been relatively small compared with other types of modern aquaculture production. The last two decades have seen a significant increase in the development of this technology, with increased market acceptance and scale. This chapter provides a brief overview of the history, water quality control processes, new developments and ongoing challenges of RAS.
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Sala, Gloria, Jochen Greiner, Eugenio Bottacini, and Frank Haberl. "The black-hole candidate XTE J1817-330 as seen by XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL." In The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources, 315–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6118-9_49.

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Lorek, Justine, Ralph Panstruga, and Ralph Hückelhoven. "The Role of Seven-Transmembrane Domain MLO Proteins, Heterotrimeric G-Proteins, and Monomeric RAC/ROPs in Plant Defense." In Integrated G Proteins Signaling in Plants, 197–220. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03524-1_11.

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Ivory, Yvonne. "Prussian Discipline and Lesbian Vulnerability: Christa Winsloe’s Children in Uniform at the Gate." In Cultural Convergence, 193–216. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57562-5_8.

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Abstract This chapter examines the Dublin production and critical reception of Christa Winsloe’s Children in Uniform, which ran to full houses at the Gate for three weeks in April 1934. The play, which deals with the love between a Prussian schoolgirl and her female teacher, had premiered in Leipzig (1930), run successfully in Berlin (1931), and been adapted for the screen as Mädchen in Uniform (1931) before it was translated into English for a successful London run in 1932-1933. Edwards and mac Liammóir probably saw the original German play in Berlin in 1931. Using the prompt copy, lighting plots, photographs and reviews, the chapter shows how Edwards used expressionistic lighting and sonic leitmotifs to underscore the authoritarian regime within which the relationship between the women develops. In following the Berlin staging, Edwards produced a more subversive version of the play than that seen by London audiences or cinema goers.
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Anderson, Brian, and Barbara Anderson. "RAM Dump." In Seven Deadliest USB Attacks, 117–51. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-59749-553-0.00005-6.

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Hinton, James. "RAF Wife." In Seven Lives from Mass Observation, 81–92. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198787136.003.0006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ram Semen"

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Solihati, Nurcholidah, Siti Darodjah Rasad, R. Setiawan, and C. Alvionita. "Quality and Viability of Javanese Local Ram Semen at Different Age." In Proceedings of International Seminar on Livestock Production and Veterinary Technology. Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2016-p.265-270.

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Kostunin, Dmitriy, Pavel A. Bezyazeekov, Nikolai Budnev, Oleg Fedorov, Oleg A. Gress, Oleg Grishin, Andreas Haungs, et al. "Seven years of Tunka-Rex operation." In 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.358.0319.

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Jackson, Tyrone, Steven M. Roycroft, and Alejandro Levi. "Seven key principles of Orbital Safety management." In 2009 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rams.2009.4914680.

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Capua, A., A. Shapiro, and S. Shoval. "Motion planning algorithm for a mobile robot suspended by seven cables." In 2010 IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics (RAM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ramech.2010.5513143.

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Li, Yan, Ming Bai, Ting Wang, Dandan Liu, and Mingsan Miao. "Effects of External Application of Ginkgo Semen Paste on Tinea Corporis Model of Rat." In 2015 International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssemse-15.2015.327.

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Basiuk, V., P. Goret, N. Petrou, A. Raviart, A. Tabary, L. Treguer, and R. Bazer-Bachi. "Was the Crab seen by the ASGAT telescope?" In High Energy Gamma−Ray Astronomy. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.40324.

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Herdis, M. Surachman, I. W. A. Darmawan, and Afifah. "The role of sucrose as extracellular cryoprotectant in maintaining the Garut rams’ frozen semen quality." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGY AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICOBAS). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5115757.

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Sonntag, B. "Atomic effects seen in solid phases." In X-RAY AND INNER-SHELL PROCESSES: 18th International Conference. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1302757.

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Cline, T. L. "Seven-year Konus GRB Catalog." In GAMMA-RAY BURST AND AFTERGLOW ASTRONOMY 2001: A Workshop Celebrating the First Year of the HETE Mission. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1579322.

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Mitrofanov, Igor G., Dmitri S. Anfimov, Maxim L. Litvak, Michael S. Briggs, William S. Paciesas, Robert D. Preece, Geoffrey N. Pendleton, and Charles A. Meegan. "The typical emission of cosmological GRBs as seen from co-moving frames." In GAMMA-RAY BURSTS. ASCE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.55323.

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Reports on the topic "Ram Semen"

1

Stead, A. D., T. W. Ford, A. M. Page, J. T. Brown, and W. Meyer-Ilse. X-ray dense cellular inclusions in the cells of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as seen by soft-x-ray microscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/603459.

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Bergman, S. C., and C. J. Stuart. X-ray diffraction analysis of seven core samples from the Phillips Petroleum Company (Cherryville Corp.) North Cook Inlet Unit A-12 (A-15) well. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19242.

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Döring, Thomas. Fiskalföderalismus und gesamtwirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Grundlegender Reformbedarf des österreichischen Finanzausgleichssystems. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627321.

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Abstract:
Aus Sicht der Theorie des Fiskalföderalismus folgt die Ausgestaltung der Finanzausgleichsbeziehungen –verstanden als die Gesamtheit der Regelungen, welche die Zuordnung von Aufgaben, Ausgaben und Einnahmen zwischen den Ebenen (Bund, Länder und Kommunen) eines föderativen Staates betreffen –traditionell sowohl Allokations- als auch Verteilungsüberlegungen. Unter dem Allokationsziel steht dabei die Effizienz des staatlichen Leistungsangebots mittels Dezentralisierung der öffentlichen Aufgabenerfüllung im Vordergrund. Dem liegt die Annahme zugrunde, dass die teilweise Aufgabenwahrnehmung durch dezentrale Staatseinheiten (Länder und Kommunen) in der Summe ebenso wie im Zusammenspiel (dezentraler Wettbewerb) zu einer Wohlfahrtssteigerung innerhalb einer Volkswirtschaft führt. Die partielle Dezentralisierung staatlicher Hoheitsgewalt beeinflusst dabei die gesamtwirtschaftliche Entwicklung insofern, als sie zu einer verbesserten Ressourcenallokation und damit zu einer Begrenzung der Staatsquote beiträgt. Unter dem Verteilungsziel dient das Finanzausgleichssystem demgegenüber der Realisierung räumlicher Ausgleichsziele. Neben der vertikalen Finanzmittelverteilung zwischen den Staatsebenen (Bund, Länder, Kommunen) steht hierbei vor allem der horizontale Finanzausgleich zwischen einzelnen Ländern und Kommunen im Mittelpunkt der Ausgestaltung der föderalen Finanzbeziehungen. Aus gesamtwirtschaftlicher Sicht dient der Fiskalföderalismus hierbei der Realisierung einer gleichmäßigeren Wohlstandsverteilung zwischen den Regionen einer Volkswirtschaft. Zusätzlich zum Allokations-und Verteilungsziel sehen Föderalismus und Finanzausgleich sich aktuell zudem mit neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Dies betrifft beispielsweise die Probleme der zukünftigen demographischen Entwicklung mit ihren Auswirkungen auf die Bereitstellung und Finanzierung öffentlicher (Infrastruktur-)Leistungen insbesondere im ländlichen Raum. Dies betrifft vor allem jedoch die Veränderung ökonomischer Wachstumsprozesse aufgrund einer zunehmenden wirtschaftlichen Integration auf europäischer wie auf globaler Ebene, was eine Umorientierung in Richtung der Schaffung eines föderalen Handlungsrahmens zur Unterstützung einer dynamischen Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Raum erforderlich macht. Dem liegt die Annahme zugrunde, dass die Sicherung gesamtwirtschaftlichen Wachstums vor allem im Wecken und Unterstützen regionaler wie lokaler Entwicklungspotenziale besteht, dem auch die Gestaltung der föderalen Finanzbeziehungen Rechnung zu tragen hat. Mit Blick auf das bestehende Finanzausgleichssystem in Österreich ist dabei festzustellen, dass es in allen drei genannten Zieldimensionen (Allokation, Verteilung, Wachstum) über mehr oder weniger große Defizite verfügt. So gilt die föderale Aufgaben-, Ausgaben-und Einnahmenverteilung aufgrund ihrer ausgeprägten Zentralisierung und Aufgabenverflechtung nicht nur als vergleichsweise ineffizient. Zudem steht zu befürchten, dass die vorrangig am Ziel der „Herstellung gleichwertiger Lebensverhältnisse“ ausgerichtete Gestaltung der Finanzausgleichsbeziehungen dazu geführt hat, dass lokale und regionale Wachstumspotentiale, die für die gesamtwirtschaftliche Entwicklung Österreichs bedeutsam sind, nicht in hinreichendem Maße ausgeschöpft werden.
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