Academic literature on the topic 'Raman shift'

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Journal articles on the topic "Raman shift"

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Yang, XueXian, Yonghui Liu, Xin Juan Liu, Jin Zhang Peng, Heping Zhao, and Chang Qing Sun. "Composition- and Temperature-Resolved Raman Shift of Silicon." Applied Spectroscopy 72, no. 4 (2018): 598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702817744218.

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We formulated the composition and temperature dependence of the Si and Si1– xGe x Raman shift from the perspectives of bond order–length–strength correlation and local bond average approach. It is verified that the Raman shift Δω varies in the form of Δω ∝ zE1/2/ d, with inclusion of bond length d and energy E changing with temperature and composition. Numerical reproduction of the thermally induced Si1– xGe x phonon softening indicates that bond thermal expansion and energy loss dictate the frequency redshift, which resulted in quantitative information on the bond energy and the reference fre
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Gao, Yukun, and PG Yin. "Synthesis of cubic CdSe nanocrystals and their spectral properties." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 7 (January 1, 2017): 184798041770174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980417701747.

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The cadmium selenide nanocrystals are prepared by colloidal chemistry under mild conditions. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements indicate that as-prepared cadmium selenide nanocrystals are zinc blende cubic structure. We carry out an analysis of quantum size effect in the Raman spectra of cadmium selenide nanocrystals performed by utilizing the chemical bond theory of Raman peak shift developed recently. It is revealed that the shifts of Raman peaks in cadmium selenide nanocrystals result from the overlapping of the quantum effect shifts and surf
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Zhou, Minghao, and Rongying Dai. "Study on Characteristic Raman Shift Screening Method Based on MPA for Raman Spectrum of Mine Water Inrush Source." Scientific Programming 2022 (August 23, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5202265.

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In the process of mine water inrush disaster prevention, accurate and rapid identification of water inrush source type is of great significance to coal mine safety production. However, traditional hydrochemical methods have shortcomings such as time-consuming and complex detection. Therefore, a new idea of identifying mine water inrush source by Raman spectroscopy is proposed. Goaf water, roof sandstone fissure water, Ordovician limestone water, Taiyuan limestone water, and surface water as well as their mixed water samples are selected as research objects, and Raman spectral data of different
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Alenichev, M. K., and A. A. Yushina. "A wide-range Raman shift wavenumber measure based on a polymer material." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika 74, no. 1 (2025): 77–82. https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2025-1-77-82.

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The wave number of the Raman shift is one of the most important parameters in Raman spectroscopy. Since the accuracy of determining the wave number of the Raman shift strongly depends on the technical characteristics of the Raman spectrometers and the measurement conditions, physically and chemically stable reference materials that would be convenient for users are required to calibrate such devices on the wave number scale. One of the promising areas of development of such reference materials that meet these requirements are solid-state reference materials developed in our country and abroad.
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Fountain, Augustus W., Charles K. Mann, and Thomas J. Vickers. "Routine Wavenumber Calibration of an FT-Raman Spectrometer." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 7 (1995): 1048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964886.

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A readily automated procedure for testing and calibrating the wavenumber shift scale of an FT-Raman spectrometer is described. The procedure uses atomic lines as wavenumber standards. An apodization procedure is used in accurately determining the line positions to a fraction of the sampling interval. A fiber-optic bundle conveniently couples the output from a hollow cathode lamp to the collection optics of the Raman accessory. Results are reported and compared for both thorium and neon atomic lines. Acetonitrile is suggested as a wavenumber shift standard, and peak shifts have been measured fo
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Izadshenas, Saeid, Piotr Masłowski, Tobias Herr, and Karolina Słowik. "Multiresonant metasurface for Raman spectroscopy beyond single molecule detection level." EPJ Applied Metamaterials 9 (2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjam/2022009.

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A metasurface in the metal-insulator-grating configuration is designed and optimised to support enhancement of coherent Raman signal of selected molecules orders of magnitude above the single-molecule detection threshold. The tunability is demonstrated by adjusting the structure to match selected Raman peaks of rhodamine, however, its spectral response is broad enough to cover a range of Raman shifts. Finally, the grating allows switching between distinct values of Raman shift with a single metasurface illuminated at different angles.
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Gyollai, Ildiko, Sándor Biri, Zoltán Juhász, et al. "Raman–Infrared Spectral Correlation of an Artificially Space-Weathered Carbonaceous Chondrite Meteorite." Minerals 14, no. 3 (2024): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14030288.

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Raman and infrared measurements of the same locations were conducted on a northwest African (NWA) 10580 CO3 meteorite sample, before and after three proton irradiations (1 keV ion energy using 1011, 1014, and 1017 ion/cm2 fluent values), to simulate space weathering effects. In the case of Raman spectroscopy, both FWHM and peak positions of the major olivine and pyroxene bands changed after the irradiation, and the minor bands disappeared. In the FTIR spectra, the minor bands of olivine and pyroxene also disappeared; meanwhile, major IR bands of pyroxene remained visible, demonstrating both po
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Anashkina, Elena A., Maria P. Marisova, Vitaly V. Dorofeev, and Alexey V. Andrianov. "Raman Lasing in a Tellurite Microsphere with Thermo-Optical on/off Switching by an Auxiliary Laser Diode." Micromachines 14, no. 9 (2023): 1796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14091796.

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The generation of coherent light based on inelastic stimulated Raman scattering in photonic microresonators has been attracting great interest in recent years. Tellurite glasses are promising materials for such microdevices since they have large Raman gain and large Raman frequency shift. We experimentally obtained Raman lasing at a wavelength of 1.8 µm with a frequency shift of 27.5 THz from a 1.54 µm narrow-line pump in a 60 µm tellurite glass microsphere with a Q-factor of 2.5 × 107. We demonstrated experimentally a robust, simple, and cheap way of thermo-optically controlled on/off switchi
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Wang, Can, Bo Lin Cheng, S. Y. Wang, S. Y. Dai, and Zhao Hui Chen. "Raman Spectra Study on Multilayered Compositional Graded (Ba0.8Sr0.2)(Ti1-xZrx)O3 Thin Films." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1909.

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Compositional graded thin films of (Ba0.8Sr0.2)(Ti1-xZrx)O3 (BSTZ) are grown on MgO by pulsed laser deposition technique with four BSTZ ceramic targets. Gradients of composition are achieved by artificially tailoring composition in multilayered thin films to form compositional graded layers (CGL). In each CGL four individual layers of BSTZ with x = 0.36, 0.18, 0.08 and 0 are grown^in series with equal thickness. Three kinds of CGL samples comprising one, two or four CGLs have been elaborated with the same total thickness by varying the thickness of each CGL. Raman spectra show existence of tet
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Amaechi, Ifeanyichukwu C., Andreas Ruediger, and Alain Pignolet. "Phonon confinement and particle size effect on the low-frequency Raman mode of aurivillius phase Bi4Ti3O12 powders." RSC Advances 13, no. 8 (2023): 4917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra06297f.

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Both Raman shift, ω ∝ x−0.73, and linewidth, Γ ∝ x−0.38, exhibit a power law dependence on the particle size. The particle size-dependent lattice constant contributed to satisfactory explanation of the Raman shift.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Raman shift"

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Souther, Nathan Jon. "Light Shift Measurements of Cold Rubidium Atoms using Raman Pump-Probe Spectroscopy." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1250622906.

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Derbazi, Maqboula. "Étude des caractéristiques Raman et optique non-linéaire des bronzes de tungstène quadratiques (A6M2M’8O30)." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS041.

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Des recherches très importantes ont été dédiées à l'étude des composés ferroélectriques de type bronze de tungstène quadratique (TTB). Cette thèse concerne la synthèse et la caractérisation de 7 matériaux TTB de formule générale A6M2M'8O30 (A = Sr2+, Ba2+ ou Pb2+, M = Ti4+, Zr4+ ou HF4+; M' = Nb5+ ou Ta5+). Ces composés cristallins de grande taille ∼100 nm ont été synthétisés sous forme de poudre. Les moyennes expérimentales : diffractions des rayons X, spectroscopie Raman, la microscopie électronique MEB et MET, l'optique non linéaire ONL, ont permis d'établir des relations étroites entre str
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Sjöqvist, Jonas. "Light interactions in flexible conjugated dyes." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Beräkningsfysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109011.

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In this thesis methodological developments have been made for the description of flexible conjugated dyes in room temperature spectrum calculations. The methods in question target increased accuracy and efficiency by combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with time-dependent response theory spectrum calculations. For absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies a form of conformational averaging is used, where the final spectrum is obtained as an average of spectra calculated for geometries extracted from ground and excited state MD simulations. For infrared and Raman spectrosco
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Pickartz, Sabrina. "All-optical control of fiber solitons." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19468.

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Das Thema dieser Arbeit ist eine mögliche Steuerung eines optischen Solitons in nichtlinearen optischen Fasern. Es gelang, die interessierenden Solitonparameter wie Intensität, Dauer und Zeitverschiebung durch die Wechselwirkung mit einer dispersiven Welle geringer Intensität kontrollierbar zu modifizieren. Es wird eine neue analytische Theorie vorgestellt für die Wechselwirkung zwischen Solitonen und dispersiven Wellen, die auf der Kreuzphasenmodulation in nichtlinearen Fasern beruht. Das vorgestellte Modell kombiniert quantenmechnische Streutheorie und eine Erweiterung der Störungstheorie f
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Jusserand, Bernard. "Dynamique de réseau des super réseaux semi-conducteurs : étude par diffusion Raman du système GaAs/AlAs." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066054.

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Etude des "modes acoustiques replies" propagatifs et des modes optiques confines, coexistant dans ces structures. Mesure des fréquences et des intensités des raies associées aux modes replies comme fonction de la période, de la supermaille et de la longueur d'onde incidente; description quantitative en termes des modulations des propriétés acoustiques et photoélastiques. Démonstration du caractère essentiellement confine des modes optiques dont les fréquences, quantifiées, sont décrites par un modèle de chaine linéaire alternée; effets de l'épaisseur des couches et des conditions d'interface;
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Maliarik, Mikhail. "Compounds with Non-Buttressed Metal-Metal Bond between Platinum and Thallium. Model Systems for Photoinduced Two-Electron-Transfer." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3174.

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Ayoub, Anas. "Sources laser ultrarapides performantes dans le moyen IR et le Tz." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR044.

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La sonde atomique tomographique est un instrument d’analyse de la matière à trois dimensions avec une résolution atomique. Cet instrument s’appuie sur l’effet de champ électrique généré à l’extrémité d’un échantillon taillé sous la forme d’une aiguille nanométrique pour faire évaporer les atomes de surface qui sont collectés par un détecteur à deux dimensions. La mesure du temps de vol des ions dont l’évaporation est déclenchée par une impulsion électrique ou optique permettent de remonter à la composition chimique en plus de la localisation 3D des atomes. Dans les sondes atomiques actuelles,
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Rannou, Isabelle. "Etudes sous pression de la transition de phase interpolytypique du sulfure de gallium." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066063.

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Etude entre 0 et dollar GPA, permettant de mettre en évidence une transition de basse pression à 1,6 GPA; mesures de l'absorption optique et de l'indice de réfraction, de la diffusion Raman et de la diffusion Brillouin; analyse des variations a la transition. Description satisfaisante des variations des modes de vibration au moyen d'un modèle de dynamique réticulaire a forces centrales.
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Sarkar, Suman. "Probing effect of disorder in the electrical and optical properties on van der Waals heterostructure." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5030.

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In this thesis, we studied the transport properties of single-layer graphene and single-layer to few-layer MoS2. We also studied the optical properties of MoS2 based single-layer, twisted bilayer devices. The main observations of this thesis are summarized below: 1. We have observed that in graphene devices, the impurity number density increases with increasing temperature, irrespective of the quality of the sample. In high mobility devices, the mobility increases with decreasing temperature in contrast to low mobility devices where mobility decreased as we decrease the temperature. We f
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Janda, Kenneth C., Galina Kerenskaya, Ilya U. Goldscheleger, V. Ara Apkarian, and Everly B. Fleischer. "UV-VISIBLE AND RESONANCE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF HALOGEN MOLECULES IN CLATHRATE-HYDRATES." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1476.

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Ultraviolet-visible spectra are presented for a polycrystalline sample of chlorine clathrate hydrate and two single crystal samples of bromine clathrate hydrate. The data shows that the UV-visible spectroscopy is a sensitive probe for studying the interactions between the halogen guest molecule and the host water lattice. The spectrum for chlorine hydrate shows a surprisingly strong temperature dependence. The spectra reported for bromine clathrate hydrate single crystals reinforce our previous conclusion that there is a stable cubic type II structure as well as the tetragonal structure.
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Books on the topic "Raman shift"

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J, Vanderaar Mark, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A planar approximation for the least reliable bit log-likelihood ratio of 8-PSK modulation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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J, Vanderaar Mark, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A planar approximation for the least reliable bit log-likelihood ratio of 8-PSK modulation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Lobato, Ramon. Shadow Economies of Cinema. British Film Institute, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781838710330.

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How do people access movies today? What are the most popular and powerful channels for media distribution on a global scale? How are film industries changing in the face of media convergence and digitisation? To answer questions such as these, argues Ramon Lobato, we must shift our gaze away from the legal film business and toward cinema's shadow economies. All around the world, films are bought from roadside stalls, local markets, and grocery stores; they are illegally downloaded and streamed; they are watched in makeshift video clubs, on street corners, and in restaurants, shops and bars. In
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Williams, James S. Xala. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781839026010.

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Xala (1974) by the pioneering Senegalese director Ousmane Sembene, was acclaimed on its release for its scorching critique of postcolonial African society, and it cemented Sembene’s status as a wholly new kind of politically engaged, pan-African, auteur film-maker. Centring on the story of businessman El Hadji and the impotence that afflicts him on his marriage to a young third wife, Xala vividly captures the cultural and political upheaval of 1970s Senegal, while suggesting the radical potential of dissent, solidarity and collective action, embodied by El Hadji’s student daughter Rama and the
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Book chapters on the topic "Raman shift"

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Kobayashi, T., and S. Halle. "Optical Stark Shift of the Raman-Gain Spectrum in a Polydiacetylene PDA-DFMP Single Crystal." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85060-8_17.

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Tiozzo, Arianna, Matteo Dotoli, Georgia Kastrinaki, et al. "DCFC Strategies for Automotive Li-ion Cells: Non Disruptive Electrochemical Analysis and Post-mortem Raman Characterization." In Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89444-2_79.

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Abstract The shift towards E-mobility transportation represents an important step to guarantee an ecological and energetic transition. To have a good market penetration of electric vehicles, however, we must consider the needs of consumers, who demand short charging times and a long battery life. The study and design of DCFC (direct current fast charging) profiles is fundamental to achieve this goal. In a previous work, new DCFC profiles based on Multi Stage Constant Current (MSCC) charge step were proposed. The new profiles have been designed with the aim of providing a fast charge that avoid
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de Wolf, Ingrid. "Finding the Stress from the Raman Shifts: A Case Study." In Raman Scattering in Materials Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04221-2_4.

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"Raman Spectroscopy." In Organic Spectroscopy Technology and Applications, edited by Manisha C. Kotadiya. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815313239124010008.

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Raman spectroscopy is a type of spectroscopy that is used to detect vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system. It is based on the Raman scattering (inelasticity) of monochromatic light. When laser light interacts with molecular vibrations, the energy of the laser photons is moved up or down. The energy shift reveals information about the system's vibrational modes. This chapter defines Raman spectroscopy, and its various varieties, and explains some of its most important and advanced uses.
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Young, R. J. "Residual Stresses: Measurement by Raman Shift." In Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043152-6/01464-9.

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Munawar Chaudhri, M. "Residual Stresses: Measurement by Raman Shift." In Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.03041-1.

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Compton, Robert N., and Michael A. Duncan. "Raman Shifting and Stimulated Electronic Raman Scattering (SERS)." In Laser Experiments for Chemistry and Physics, Second Edition, 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198900825.003.0027.

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Abstract This chapter shows how Raman scattering in atomic and molecular gases can be employed to both up- and down-shift the frequencies of fixed and tunable laser light to be used in a number of spectroscopic applications. The discussion is divided into two parts: Raman shifting in hydrogen, deuterium, and methane gas, and Stimulated Electronic Raman Scattering (SERS) in alkali vapors. In the second part experiments on infrared absorption spectroscopy of methane and ammonia using SERS are described. The experiments demonstrate the inversion doubling of the vibrational frequencies of the ammo
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Barrio, Rafael A. "Raman scattering from multilayers." In Disorder in Condensed Matter Physics. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198539384.003.0005.

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Abstract The Raman effect is a complicated interaction of light with matter in which photons, electrons, and phonons play an equally important role. The experiment itself is very simple. One illuminates a sample with a beam of monochromatic light of fixed frequency and detects the intensity of light emanating from the sample at a certain angle and with different frequencies. The difference between the frequency of the incident and of the scattered light (Raman shift) is due to the creation or annihilation of phonons in the sample; therefore, a Raman spectrum gives information about the normal
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Bertrand Tabi, Conrad, Karabo Kefilwe Ndebele, Hippolyte Tagwo, Gaston Camus Latchio Tiofack, and Timoléon Crépin Kofane. "Higher-Order Raman Pure-Quartic Wave Trains in Optical Fibers." In Optical Technologies for Advancing Communication, Sensing, and Computing Systems. IntechOpen, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1007571.

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This chapter addresses the effects of higher-order Raman scattering on modulational instability in optical fibers with pure-quartic dispersion. Low- and high-input power regimes are affected by self-frequency shift (SFS) effects and, due to the presence of the quintic nonlinearity and quartic dispersion, this leads to extended zones of instability in the gain spectrum. Here, we demonstrate via numerical simulations that our biharmonic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation exhibits ultrashort pulse trains, including rogue wave (RW)-like patterns, as well as trains of Akhmediev breathers (ABs). T
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Eremets, M. I. "Brillouin Scattering." In High Pressure Experimental Methods. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198562696.003.0012.

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Abstract Brillouin scattering is the inelastic interaction of light with acoustic phonons which results in a shift in the frequency of scattered radiation. This effect is similar to Raman scattering, but information is obtained abont acoustic branches of the phonon spectrum. Velocities of elastic waves, the complete set of elastic constants of materials, and much information in combination with other measurements can be obtained. An important feature of Brillouin scattering is the sensitivity to anisotropy of even cubic crystals where the dielectric constant is scalar and Raman and IR absorpti
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Conference papers on the topic "Raman shift"

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Roy, Protik, and Partha Roy Chaudhuri. "A Numerical Study on the Sensing Characteristics of Raman-Induced Frequency Shift." In JSAP-Optica Joint Symposia. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/jsapo.2024.19p_c43_14.

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We present here an analysis of the sensing properties associated with the Raman-induced frequency shift (RIFS). By employing a conventional step index chalcogenide fiber and utilizing the thermo-optic properties of the material, we investigate the temperature-sensing capabilities facilitated by RIFS.
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Sparapani, A. C., L. N. Gutierrez, S. M. Hernandez, P. I. Fierens, D. F. Grosz, and G. P. Agrawal. "Raman suppression and all-optical switching in media with a zero-nonlinearity wavelength." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2024.jw2a.37.

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We study the interaction of an optical soliton with a weak dispersive pulse in media with a zero-nonlinearity wavelength (ZNW). The soliton Raman shift can be controlled, with direct applications to all-optical switching.
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Zhang, Junchi, William R. Donaldson, and Govind P. Agrawal. "Using Temporal Reflection for Probing the Trajectory of Raman Solitons inside a Photonic Crystal Fiber." In CLEO: Fundamental Science. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_fs.2024.fth1l.2.

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We discuss experiments employing temporal reflection inside a photonic crystal fiber to probe the trajectory of a decelerating short soliton undergoing Raman-induced red shift along the fiber’s length.
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Jia, Weiyi, and W. M. Yen. "Raman scattering from sapphire fibers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.tuu12.

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We introduce an index matching technique which exploits the waveguiding properties of sapphire fibers, reduces the stray light level, and allows for the enhancement of Raman scattering signal- noise ratio. Raman scattering of sapphire fibers was conducted at room temperature using the 476.5 argon laser line. Red shifts were observed under tensile stress for both A1 g and E g phonon modes. The stress-induced Raman shifts for the A1 g modes are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The deformation potential constants used in these calculations were obtained from the literature of
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Wang, Weiran, Yan Zhao, and Xueying Han. "Raman shift of rare earth cobalt oxides." In 5th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies, edited by Yudong Zhang, José Sasián, Libin Xiang, and Sandy To. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.865213.

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Englebert, Nicolas, Corentin Simon, Carlos Mas Arabí, François Leo, and Simon-Pierre Gorza. "Cavity Soliton Raman Self-Frequency Shift Cancellation." In 2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10231987.

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Dianov, E. M., K. K. Konstantinov, A. N. Pilipetskii, and A. N. Starodumov. "The Soliton Frequency Stabilization and Raman Self-Frequency Shift Suppression in Fibers Doped Er And Tm Ions." In Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1991.tua2.

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The possibility of the Raman self-frequency shift [1-3] suppression is of great interest for both the high bit rate communication lines and the lasers with fiber cavities [4]. In the communication lines for picosecond pulses the frequency shifts are small. Frequency drift toward a maximum of the gain profile in an active fibers can compensate to some extent the effect of self-frequency shift. The possibility of frequency stabilization by the effect of frequency pulling under the gain profile was investigated by Blow et al [5]. The frequency pulling to some fixed frequency was predicted instead
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MacPherson, D. C., and J. L. Carlsten. "Generation of solitons in transient stimulated Raman scattering by optical phase shifts." In International Laser Science Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ils.1986.thl9.

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At the present time several groups are studying the use of optical phase shifts to initiate soliton formation in transient stimulated Raman scattering.1 Our experiments use a generator-amplifier Raman laser which is pumped by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. The Raman medium is hydrogen at 1-100 atm. We are studying the use of an electrooptic crystal to place a π phase shift in the Stokes beam between the generator and the amplifier. This shift momentarily causes energy transfer from the Stokes to the pump beam. Surprisingly, numerical calculations indicate that in one configuration
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Piccoli, R., P. A. Carpeggiani, Y. G. Jeong, et al. "Extreme Raman Red-Shift in Nitrogen-Filled Capillary Fibers." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2021.jth3a.68.

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Kormokar, Robi, Md Hosne Mobarok Shamim, and Martin Rochette. "Analytical Expression of Raman Induced Soliton Self- Frequency Shift." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2021.jtu3a.66.

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Reports on the topic "Raman shift"

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Catão, Luis, María Fernanda Rosales, and Carmen Pagés. Financial Dependence, Formal Credit and Informal Jobs: New Evidence from Brazilian Household Data. Inter-American Development Bank, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010726.

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Abstract:
This paper examines a much overlooked link between credit markets and formalization: since access to bank credit typically requires compliance with tax and employment legislation, firms are more likely to incur such formalization costs once bank credit is more widely available at lower cost. The relevance of this credit channel is gauged using the Rajan-Zingales measure of financial dependence and a difference-in-differences approach applied to household survey data from Brazil. It is found that formalization rates increase with financial deepening, especially in sectors where firms are typica
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