Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ramps (Interchanges)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ramps (Interchanges)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Sun, Jian Cheng, Hong Xu Lu, and Chen Feng Chen. "The Land Occupation Analysis of the Loop-Ramp Patterns of Freeway Trumpet Interchanges." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 3388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.3388.

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Interchange is not merely a major way of the intersection of main highways but also one of the important structures of freeway.And trumpet interchange is an important pattern of interchange. The design speed of ramps,the linearity indices of ramps and the patterns of loop ramps are the main influencing factors for the land occupation of freeway trumpet interchange.In this article, their influence on the land occupation have been analyzed in the first.Since then, specific studies between the land occupation and the loop-ramp patterns of trumpet interchanges.Finally, some advices were given to the design of interchanges.
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Jovanović, Goran, and Rafko Atelšek. "Study of a Highly Effective and Affordable Highway Interchange - ITL Interchange." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 820–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091510.

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In this paper we present a new solution for the highway interchange, which represents the best compromise between the traffic capacity, the land area used and construction cost. The difference between the known and the new design solution is in the implementation of the opposite directional ramps which are widely separated in the area of the interchange. In the middle, between the directional ramps, some space is created for the left directional ramps. Interchange should be used for four-way highway interchanges or other heavy traffic roads junction in order to increase the capacity and traffic safety at the crossing point. It has no conflict points. ITL Interchange left directional ramps is much shorter than all other known solutions for interchanges. The interchange is built in two levels. These two facts significantly lower the cost of construction. The study compares different types of interchanges. We made a geometric comparison and performance measures. In geometric comparison, the greatest advantages of the ITL interchange are the shortest overall roadway length and the shortest overpasses length. Therefore, such an interchange is advantageous in terms of construction and maintenance costs. When measuring performance, ITL Interchange achieves the best results regardless of the number of vehicles.
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Torbic, Darren J., and Marcus A. Brewer. "Enhanced Design Guidelines for Interchange Loop Ramps." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 39 (May 22, 2018): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118758394.

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The objective of this research was to develop improved design guidance for interchange loop ramps. Despite their long use, there is little research on the design, safety, and operational characteristics of loop ramps. An observational field study was conducted to investigate the relationship between speed and lane position of vehicles and design elements of the ramp proper, and differences in performance between single-lane and multi-lane loop ramps. An assessment was also undertaken to determine how well crash prediction methods in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) represent the safety performance of two ramp types with distinctly different geometrics: loop and diamond ramps. Based on the research results, recommendations regarding the design of the loop ramp proper, applicable at service interchanges are as follows: (a) for a given radius and design speed, recommended lane and shoulder widths for loop ramps are provided that are expected to induce speeds at or below the ramp design speed, result in similar levels of safety, and encourage drivers to stay within their intended travel lane; (b) regarding multi-lane loop ramps, outside lane widths of 12 ft for entrance ramps and 14 ft for exit ramps are sufficient to accommodate traffic comprised primarily of passenger vehicles, but if the outside lane is expected to accommodate moderate to high volumes of trucks, the outside lane width should be increased; and (c) when implementing the HSM ramp crash prediction methodology, calibration factors should be calculated separately for diamond and loop ramps.
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Ran, Bin, Seth Johnson, Shawn Leight, and Jacob H. S. Tsao. "Traffic Analysis for Highway-to-Highway Interchanges on Automated Highway Systems: Congestion in Absence of Dedicated Ramps." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1588, no. 1 (January 1997): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1588-18.

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Special connector ramps linking the automated lanes at automated highway–to–automated highway interchanges may be needed to enable continuous automated driving between two crossing highways. Although a typical cloverleaf configuration has only two levels and is more amenable for such additions, the sharp curvature of this design usually imposes constraints on traffic speed and flow. Because of these constraints, most highway–to–highway interchanges in urban areas have straighter lanes but tend to involve three or more levels. Building the additional connector ramps to accommodate eight high-speed turning movements at an area where the geometry is already complex could be difficult or costly. Therefore, proponents of automated highway systems (AHS) face a major dilemma. This dilemma is studied, including the impact of not providing automated connector ramps on the manual and AHS traffic on manual lanes at or near a highway-to-highway interchange. It is shown that, with a typical cloverleaf design, in the absence of the additional connector ramps, any moderate to heavy AHS-changing traffic could severely disturb the flow of through traffic, seriously exacerbate congestion, and possibly cause a traffic breakdown at the interchange area. These effects will most likely negate any mainline throughput benefits for which an AHS is designed.
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Farah, Haneen, Aries van Beinum, and Winnie Daamen. "Empirical Speed Behavior on Horizontal Ramp Curves in Interchanges in the Netherlands." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2618, no. 1 (January 2017): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2618-04.

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Several studies in the literature have indicated that interchanges are the most crash-prone areas within the motorway system in number and severity of accidents. The reason is the high level of turbulence as a result of vehicle lane changes and speed variability. To understand the safety consequences of an interchange design (e.g., type of connecting ramps, radii and superelevation of curves, and lane and shoulder widths), an in-depth investigation of driving speed behavior is needed. Such an investigation requires the collection of detailed trajectory data on vehicles on different interchanges. These types of data are rarely available, and as a result, such studies are scarce in the literature. The main objective of this present study was to analyze driver speed behavior on different ramps at interchanges, and to develop an operating speed prediction model as a function of the road design elements. Trajectory data on free-moving vehicles were derived from stabilized video images taken from a camera mounted underneath a helicopter, which hovered over the road areas studied. Data were collected from 29 curves at six freeway–freeway interchanges in the Netherlands. The sample included nine direct connections, 12 semidirect connections, and eight indirect connections. The findings showed that speeds were affected by several road geometric characteristics of the curves, by driver expectancy and design consistency, and by the percentage of trucks in traffic. The operating speed prediction models developed in the study will provide designers with tools to estimate the operating speed during the design process.
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Zwahlen, Helmut T., Andrew Russ, and Thomas Schnell. "Viewing Ground-Mounted Diagrammatic Guide Signs Before Entrance Ramps at Night: Driver Eye Scanning Behavior." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1843, no. 1 (January 2003): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1843-08.

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The driver eye scanning study is part of a larger study conducted for the Ohio Department of Transportation to evaluate the effectiveness of ground-mounted diagrammatic guide signs placed before entrance ramps at highway freeway interchanges. This nighttime study investigated driver eye scanning behavior while approaching ground-mounted diagrammatic guide signs placed before entrance ramps. Six highway-freeway interchanges were selected in the Greater Columbus, Ohio, area for placement of the diagrammatic signs in the field. Subjects were six unfamiliar drivers, between the ages of 22 to 42. Two diagrammatic signs were located at each of the six interchanges, .5 mi (805 m) and .25 mi (402 m) before the last point of the gore, where a driver can still gain access to the correct freeway entrance ramp. Driver eye scanning behavior measurements were recorded at night to determine if the presence of the diagrammatic signs elicited an excessive number of eye fixations or was visually distracting to the drivers or both. The results indicate that the diagrammatic signs are not looked at excessively often or excessively long. The average look numbers and average look duration times indicate a normal and reasonable level of information acquisition processing employed by the drivers. These values agree with those previously obtained for regular traffic signing determined in previous eye scanning studies. Ground-mounted diagrammatic signs on multilane arterials in advance of highway freeway interchanges were not demonstrated to unduly distract drivers and detrimentally affect a driver’s looking behavior.
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Abatan, Akinfolarin, and Peter T. Savolainen. "Safety Analysis of Interchange Functional Areas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 30 (September 28, 2018): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118796000.

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Limited access facilities, such as freeways and expressways, are generally designed to the highest standards among public roads. Consequently, these facilities demonstrate crash, injury, and fatality rates that are significantly lower than other road facility types. However, these rates are generally elevated in the immediate vicinity of interchanges because of increases in traffic conflicts precipitated by weaving, merging, and diverging traffic. Given the extensive costs involved in interchange construction, it is important to discern the expected operational and safety impacts of various design alternatives. To this end, the objective of this study was to analyze safety performance within the functional areas of interchanges. The study involves the integration of traffic crash, volume, and roadway geometric data from 2010 to 2014 in the state of Iowa. Separate analyses were conducted for the freeway mainline and ramp connections. A series of safety performance functions (SPFs) were estimated for both the mainline and ramps. Random effects negative binomial models were estimated, which account for correlation in crash counts at the same location over time. The results show the frequency of crashes to vary based on traffic volume, interchange configuration, speed limit, and traffic control at the ramp terminal. The random effects models are shown to significantly outperform pooled models, which suggest there are several important location-specific factors that are not included in the analysis dataset. The SPFs from this study are also compared with several reference models from the extant research literature.
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Sandt, Adrian, Haitham Al-Deek, Md Imrul Kayes, Patrick Blue, and Valentina Gamero. "Benefit–Cost Analyses of Rectangular Flashing Beacon Wrong-Way Driving Countermeasures on Toll Road Exit Ramps in Florida." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119895237.

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In recent years, rectangular flashing beacons (RFBs) and other technologies have been used as wrong-way driving (WWD) countermeasures on limited access facilities. Studies have shown that these devices effectively reduce WWD, but no research has compared the financial benefits and costs of these countermeasures. Three different methodologies were used to conduct benefit–cost analyses for RFB WWD countermeasures installed on Central Florida toll road exit ramps. The studied benefits included savings from reductions in WWD crashes, non-crash events, and injuries, whereas costs included equipment, installation, and maintenance costs. For the first two methodologies, the reduction in WWD crash risk (WWCR) at the RFB-equipped ramps was determined. This WWCR considered non-crash WWD events, interchange design, and traffic volumes. Different measures of effectiveness (turn-around percentage of detected wrong-way vehicles at the RFB ramps and reduction in WWD 911 calls and citations at the RFB interchanges compared with similar comparison interchanges without RFBs) were used in these two methodologies to estimate the WWCR reduction and associated savings. For the third methodology, the relationship between WWD crashes and non-crash events was used to determine the average savings for WWD 911 calls and citations. Before–after analyses were then conducted to determine the individual reductions in WWD 911 calls and citations. Applying these three methods resulted in life-cycle benefit–cost ratios ranging from 2.49 to 4.10 (crash savings) and from 4.77 to 7.20 (injury savings). Other agencies could use these methodologies to determine the benefits of WWD countermeasures or other technologies with limited crash data.
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Zwahlen, Helmut T., Andrew Russ, James M. Roth, and Thomas Schnell. "Effectiveness of Ground-Mounted Diagrammatic Advance Guide Signs for Freeway Entrance Ramps." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1843, no. 1 (January 2003): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1843-09.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of ground-mounted diagrammatic signs in the context of urban multilane arterials leading to freeways. Six highway-freeway interchanges were selected in the greater Columbus, Ohio, area for installation of the diagrammatic signs in the field. The primary measure of effectiveness was the distance at which unfamiliar drivers driving in the wrong lane changed lanes. A total of 21 and 19 test drivers unfamiliar with Columbus roads were recruited for an evaluation before and after installation of the diagrammatic guide signs. This evaluation with unfamiliar test drivers showed that drivers were able to execute a needed lane change earlier when diagrammatic signs were provided. Combining all six sites and looking at the 50th (377 m before, 819 m after) and 85th percentile (203 m before, 601 m after) lane change distances, an increase by a factor of 2.2 to 3.0 between the after and before condition was observed. In addition, a panel of 13 Ohio Department of Transportation and FHWA evaluators visited the six interchange sites and provided their input and opinions on the use of diagrammatic signs. The majority of the evaluators fully embraced the idea of diagrammatic signs. It is suggested that such signs should be used on multilane arterials in advance of highway–freeway interchanges in addition to preexisting guide signs (trailblazer assemblies), in cases in which the cost of overhead span-type sign bridges cannot be economically justified and additional advance guidance information to motorists is highly desirable.
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Chatterjee, Arun, and Frederick J. Wegmann. "Overnight Truck Parking Along Tennessee’s Interstate Highways and Rest Areas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1734, no. 1 (January 2000): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1734-10.

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Truck parking spaces in the public rest areas and pull-out areas along Tennessee’s Interstate highways are filling up at night, and large trucks are parking along the shoulders of ramps to these areas. Trucks are also parking along regular interchange ramps and in some cases along through lanes. This is a potentially hazardous situation for travelers. A detailed survey was performed at public rest areas in Tennessee at night, covering all 7 days of the week, to learn about the occupancy characteristics of trucks. Availability of space in private truck stops near interchanges also was examined. This research presents the findings of these surveys in quantitative terms. Several truck drivers were interviewed and all neighboring states were contacted to learn more about why some drivers prefer to park along highways and what strategies are being used by other states to alleviate this problem. Findings related to these issues are presented in this research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Tian, Zongzhong. "Development and evaluation of operational strategies for providing an integrated diamond interchange ramp-metering control system." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/113.

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Diamond interchanges and their associated ramps are where the surface street arterial system and the freeway system interface. Historically, these two elements of the system have been operated with little or no coordination between the two. Therefore, there is a lack of both analysis tools and operational strategies for considering them as an integrated system. One drawback of operating the ramp-metering system and the diamond interchange system in isolation is that traffic from the ramp, particularly if it is metered, can spill back into the diamond interchange, causing both congestion and safety concerns at the diamond interchange. While flushing the ramp queues by temporarily suspending ramp metering has been the primary strategy for preventing queue spillback, it can result in freeway system breakdown, which would affect the entire system's efficiency. The aim of this research was to develop operational strategies for managing an integrated diamond interchange ramp-metering system (IDIRMS). Enhanced modeling methodologies were developed for an IDIRMS. A computer model named DRIVE (Diamond Interchange and Ramp Metering Integration Via Evaluation) was developed, which was characterized as a mesoscopic simulation and analysis model. DRIVE incorporated the enhanced modeling methodologies developed in this study and could be used to perform system analysis for an IDIRMS given a set of system input parameters and variables. DRIVE was validated against a VISSIM microscopic simulation model, and general agreement was found between the two models. System operational characteristics were investigated using DRIVE to gain a better understanding of the system features. Integrated control strategies (ICS) were developed based on the two commonly used diamond interchange phasing schemes, basic three-phase and TTI four-phase. The ICS were evaluated using VISSIM microscopic simulation under three general traffic demand scenarios: low, medium, and high, as characterized by the volume-to-capacity ratios at the metered ramps. The results of the evaluation indicate that the integrated operations through an adaptive signal control system were most effective under the medium traffic demand scenario by preventing or delaying the onset of ramp-metering queue flush, thereby minimizing freeway breakdown and system delays.
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Pham, Cao Van. "Signalized fuzzy logic for diamond interchanges incorporating with fuzzy ramp system : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Mechatronics at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1126.

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New dynamic signal control methods such as fuzzy logic and artificial intelligence developed recently mainly focused on isolated intersection. In this study, a Fuzzy Logic Control for a Diamond Interchange incorporating with Fuzzy Ramp System (FLDI) has been developed. The signalization of two closely spaced intersections in a diamond interchange is a complicated problem that includes both increasing the diamond interchange capacity and reduce delays at the same time. The model comprises of three main modules. The Fuzzy Phase Timing module controls the current phase green time extension, the Phase Selection module select the next phase based on the pre-defined phase sequence or phase logics and the Fuzzy Ramp module determines the cycle time of the ramp meter bases on current traffic volumes and conditions of the interchanges and the motorways. The developed FLDI model has been compared with the traffic actuated simulation with respects to flow rates and the average delays of the vehicles. The model of an actual diamond interchange is described and simulated by using AIMSUN (Advanced Interactive Microscopic Simulator for Urban and Non-Urban Network) software. Simulation results show the FLDI model outperformed the traffic actuated models with lower system total travel time, average delay and improvements in downstream average speed and average delay.
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Kozák, Petr. "Napojení JV obchvatu města Jihlavy-křižovatka silnic I/38 a II/523." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225923.

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This diploma work deals with researching study of transport junction of main road I/38 and major road II/523 and than link-up of the proposed Outer ring road (VMO) and Southeastern by-pass (JVO) routes of region capital Jihlava, district of Jihlava, Vysočina region. Road structure will solve designed staged link-up of aboved mentioned roads according to their construction schedule. The design takes into account current roads and completed stages, with respect to minimum costs. Road structure is situated on Czech-Moravian Highlands. Its terrain is hilly, pondy and composed of agricultural parcels. The main purpose of this design is steady link-up of all considered traffic flows in the given locality.
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Lička, Vojtěch. "MÚK na R52 - Moravany." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226942.

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My diploma thesis deals with a connection of Videňská street to the future residential district situated between Přízřenice and Modřice. The level of this thesis is a technical study. The main topic of the thesis is a design of an interchange on the Vídeňská and Moravanská streets. The thesis is focused on a technical verification of variable ramps’ connections from Vídeňská street to Moravanská street. Another important point of the thesis is an improvement of security quality of cycle traffic and a creation of a traffic junction of the city transportation system in this area. The SWOT analysis was applied to evaluation and selection the most advantageous variant of the variants. Depending on SWOT analysis, the thesis is focused on more detailed design of the most advantageous variant.
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Rudjanakanoknad, Jittichai. "Increasing freeway merge capacity through on-ramp metering." 2005. http://repositories.cdlib.org/its/ds/ds2005rudjana/.

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Thesis (Ph. D. in Engineering)--University of California, Berkeley, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-66). Also available online via the University of California web site (http://repositories.cdlib.org/escholarship/).
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Chao, Chi-Chang, and 趙啓昌. "Effects of Geometric Features on Free-flow Speeds and Traffic Flows of Interchange Ramps." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46396368212575097540.

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碩士
義守大學
土木與生態工程學系碩士班
99
There exists considerable difference in design speed between freeway mainline and interchange ramps. Turning movements on ramps involve operations of diverging from a mainline, entering, turning, leaving, and merging into the other mainline. The speed changing along turning process could significantly influence the traffic safety and smoothness. Types of interchange ramps and their geometric features have great effects on vehicle speed and driving operations. This research conducts a field study at Yanchao System Interchange. Free-flow speeds of all freeway mainlines, right-turn ramps, left-turn ramps are measured. Five to seven speed measuring points are set for each ramp according to its geometric characteristic. Free-flow speeds of large vehicles and small vehicles are measrured separately. The free-flow speed profiles along ramps are analyzed to assess the influence of geometric features on free-flow speeds, changing rates, and their variations. The result shows that the ramps of the same type have similar configuration of free-flow speed profiles. The free-flow speeds and their standard deviation are closely related to curvature of horizontal alignments and grade of vertical alignments. The traffic flows and speeds of a left-turn loop at Dingjin System Interchange are also measured. The relationship between traffic flow and mean speed are analyzed and compared to highway capacity manual. According to the observation data, the mean speed can maintain an approximate level when traffic flow less than three forth of maximal flow. When the flow increases beyond this threshold, the mean speed would decrease. The study results of the effects of geometric features on speeds and flows could help in engineering design of interchange ramps, traffic management, determination of speed limits, and analysis of driving operations.
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Wang, Bo. "Investigation of the Implementation of Ramp Reversal at a Diamond Interchange." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151082.

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Diamond interchange design has been commonly utilized in United States to facilitate traffic exchange between freeway and frontage roads. Another less common interchange design is X-ramp interchange, which is the reversed version of diamond. The major benefit of X-ramp interchange is that it can keep travelers on the freeway until the downstream exit ramp to avoid going through the intersection. It also has drawbacks such as travelers with cross street destinations will experience more delay. This study focuses on when the ramp reversal is desirable. To compare the diamond and X-ramp design, an experimental design is conducted using Latin Hypercube Design method. Four varying factors include interchange design type, traffic volume on the frontage road, through movement percentage and saturation rate of the intersection. 40 scenarios are generated for simulation study using Synchro and VISSIM. Based on the simulation study, optimal signal timing strategies are recommended for each type of interchange design under various traffic conditions. Also, ramp reversal is found closely related to the following factors such as interchange frequency, upstream interchange design, traffic volume on frontage road, through movement percentage and intersection saturation rate. Conclusions are made on when X-ramp is better than diamond interchange design. At last, future research directions are recommended.
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Liu, Chia-Yu, and 劉珈妤. "Analysis of the Congestion Diffusion at Off-Ramp Area-A Case Study of Wugu Interchange on National Freeway NO.1." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87428047233216338519.

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碩士
中原大學
土木工程研究所
104
Nowadays, recurrent congestion occurs at some specific freeway segment (e.g. weaving section, upgrade segment, on/off ramp area). One of the main reason that causes traffic congestion is the off-ramp queue spilled over. The probable reason cause of this phenomenon is, a poor design of off-ramp geometric, incorrect signal control or other reasons; resulting in that off ramp queues could not be discharged instantly. Once the storage of deceleration lanes oversaturated, the queue would spill over and occupy the outer lane of the main lane, affect the traffic on the main lane. At the upstream of the off-ramp, the influence level of different locations and different lanes are distinct. Further, it exists a feature of congestion diffusion. The traffic congestion will propagate from downstream to upstream and lane to lane. Therefore, the main objective of this research is applying multiple regression model to explore the impact of aforementioned congestion on the main lane by means of a case study of Wugu Interchange located on 33 km of Freeway No.1. Finally, using the result of model to construct a congestion pattern, and discuss the congestion diffusion.
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Books on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Torbic, Darren J. Design guidance for freeway mainline ramp terminals. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2012.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, eds. Guidelines for ramp and interchange spacing. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2011.

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Rakha, Hesham. Access control design on highway interchanges. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Transportation Research Council, 2008.

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Bauer, K. M. Statistical models of accidents on interchange ramps and speed-change lanes. McLean, VA: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research and Development, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1998.

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Bauer, K. M. Statistical models of accidents on interchange ramps and speed-change lanes. McLean, VA: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research and Development, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1998.

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Hallenbeck, Mark E. Evaluation of the effects of closing Interstate 5 lanes and ramps. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Planning, Research and Public Transportation Division, in cooperation with United States Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1986.

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Torbic, Darren J., Lindsay M. Lucas, Douglas W. Harwood, Marcus A. Brewer, Eun Sug Park, Raul Avelar, Michael P. Pratt, Akram Abu-Odeh, Elizabeth Depwe, and Kimberly Rau. Design of Interchange Loop Ramps and Pavement/Shoulder Cross-Slope Breaks. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/24683.

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Taylor, Cynthia E. Simulation testing of a fuzzy neural ramp metering algorithm. [Olympia]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1995.

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Nihan, N. L. Predictive algorithm improvements for a real-time ramp control system: Final report, Research Project GC 8286, Task 16, Ramp Control Volume Forecast. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Planning, Research and Public Transportation Division, in cooperation with the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1991.

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Arnold, E. D. Ramp metering: A review of the literature. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Transportation Research Council, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Yang, He-Ping, Xiao Ni, and Jie Xiao. "A Construction Case of Ramps Located on the Expansive Soil for Highway Interchange." In Advances in Environmental Geotechnics, 930–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04460-1_123.

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Shaikh, M., H. Ho, and T. Bashir. "Rehabilitation of the Alexander Hamilton Bridge and Highbridge Interchange Ramps." In Durability of Bridge Structures, 147–60. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15790-18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Srinivas, P. R. K. S., and Tham Beng Choy. "Design & Construction of Duta – Ulu Kelang Expressway (DUKE Ph2) – Tun Razak Link (TRL) in Kuala Lumpur." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0677.

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<p>The Duta – Ulu Kelang Expressway (DUKE) Phase 2 is an infrastructure development under transformation programmes undertaken by the Government of Malaysia through Concessionaire Konsortium Lebuhraya Utara – Timur (KL) Sdn. Bhd (KESTURI). The proposed Tun Razak Link (TRL) is a part of DUKE Phase 2 project that involves design, construction, operation and maintenance of 9km long elevated dual 2-Lane highway with 24.9m wide mainline deck including directional ramps, interchanges and ramp toll plaza in Kuala Lumpur [1]. The project alignment is in densely developed urban environment and traverses over existing arterial roads, crosses urban arterials, expressway, river and acts as an effective traffic dispersal system between existing road network to alleviate traffic congestion on at-grade local roads. The majority length of the project is an elevated structure to minimise the land acquisition, least disturbance to road users, adjoining developments and utilities. Various types of super structure viz., precast T-beams, U-Beams, crossheads, cast in-situ box girders were adopted besides various types of foundation &amp; substructure with longest span being 51m. This paper aims at presenting an insight of various types of designs, innovative methods adopted to suit the site constraints and interfacing issues to meet project timeline, cost effective design approach during construction of TRL.</p>
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Shin, Jaekwan, and Ikjin Lee. "First-Order Reliability Analysis of Vehicle Safety in Highway Horizontal Curves." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13139.

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This study presents a reliability analysis of vehicle sideslip and rollover in highway horizontal curves, mainly focusing on exit ramps and interchanges. To accurately describe failure modes of a ground vehicle, analytic models for sideslip and rollover are derived considering nonlinear characteristics of vehicle behavior using the commercial software, TruckSim®, with high fidelity. Then, the probability of accident is evaluated using the First-Order Reliability Method (FORM). Furthermore, sensitivity functions of each failure mode are analytically derived to apply FORM. Numerical studies are conducted using a single-unit truck model. The results show that a truck is more likely to rollover than to slip at dry load. To propose practical application of the study, the reliability analysis for the minimum radius recommended by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) at various speeds and bank angles is conducted. The reliability analysis of current design method shows that the method cannot provide the sufficient margin of safety against both of rollover and sideslip when there are deviations from assumed conditions, especially at low speed of vehicles.
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Li, Rui, and Jing Zhao. "Seismic conceptual design of interchange ramp-bridge." In 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmt.2011.6002847.

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Srinivas, P. R. K. S., and Tham Beng Choy. "Design & Construction of Setiawangsa – Pantai Expressway (SPE - DUKE Ph3) – Section 3 from Pandan to Setiawangsa in Kuala Lumpur." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0644.

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<p>The Setiawangsa – Pantai Expressway (SPE - DUKE Phase 3) is an infrastructure development under transformation programmes undertaken by the Government of Malaysia through Concessionaire Lebuhraya DUKE Fasa 3 (LDF3) Sdn. Bhd. The total length of SPE mainline is 32Km besides 7 interchanges, 2 mainline toll plazas, 3 ramp toll plazas and is divided in to 4 sections [1]. The proposed Section 3 from Pandan to Setiawangsa of SPE project involves design, construction, operation and maintenance of 5km long elevated dual 2-Lane highway with 24.9m wide mainline deck besides an interchange and ramp toll plaza at AKLEH interface in Kuala Lumpur. The project alignment is located in densely developed urban environment and mainly traverses over existing arterial roads, storm water tunnel (SMART) underneath, crosses urban arterials, expressway, LRT line, river and acts as a city bypass for effective traffic dispersal system in order to alleviate traffic congestion on local at-grade roads. The project is completely on an elevated structure in the form of double deck and single deck arrangement in order to minimise the land acquisition, least disturbance to road users, adjoining developments and utilities. Various types of super structure viz., precast T-beams, U-Beams, cast in-situ / precast box girders are adopted besides different types of foundation &amp; substructure with longest span being 62m. This paper aims at presenting an insight of various types of designs, innovative methods adopted to suit the site constraints and interfacing issues to meet project timeline, cost effective design approach during the construction of Section 3 of Setiawangsa – Pantai Expressway.</p>
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Jin, Yuan-Yuan, Jin-Sheng Gao, Zuo Wang, and Wei-Wei Liu. "An Operating Speed Model for the Uniform-Speed Section of Interchange Ramps." In 19th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482292.276.

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Huang, Guangyao, Hong Wang, Shunying Zhu, Bing Liu, and Jiajun Ding. "Traffic Organization of Freeway Trumpet Interchange Reconstruction and Expansion with All Ramps Unimpeded." In First International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41177(415)174.

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Wen, X., F. Chen, L. J. Yu, and X. D. Pan. "Research on Driving Safety of Urban Interchange Ramp under Crosswind." In Access Management Theories and Practices. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413869.018.

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Lewis, Myles. "Northeast Anthony Henday Drive / Yellowhead Trail Interchange Flyover Ramp Bridges." In IABSE Symposium, Vancouver 2017: Engineering the Future. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/vancouver.2017.1644.

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Ernst, Christian, and Magnús Arason. "Ullevaal Stadium Bridge - a cycling network over a freeway interchange." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2001.

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<p>The new Ullevaal Footbidge is situated in Oslo, Norway. It is prominently placed next to Ullevaal Stadium, one of the largest venues for concerts and sports events in the country. The bridge is pivotal in the manifestation of Oslo municipality’s strategic plan to promote cycling as an alternative means of transportation: it is conceived to minimize travel times for cyclists, improve safety for pedestrians and cyclists and thus to promote sustainable transport in central Oslo. It is replacing a 30-year-old “intermediate” structure. The horizontal alignment of the bridge follows a broad arc across Oslo’s Ring 3 urban motorway. Approach ramps blend seamlessly with existing routes at grade to ensure non-stop connections for all users and stairs in strategic locations provide “short-cuts” to bus stops and to the main entry into the Ullevaal Stadium.</p>
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Wang, Heng, Xiao Qin, and David Noyce. "Development of a Safety Performance Function for Signalized Diamond Interchange Ramp Terminals." In Tenth International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals (ICCTP). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41127(382)111.

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Reports on the topic "Ramps (Interchanges)"

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Li, Howell, Jijo K. Mathew, Woosung Kim, and Darcy M. Bullock. Using Crowdsourced Vehicle Braking Data to Identify Roadway Hazards. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317272.

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Modern vehicles know more about the road conditions than transportation agencies. Enhanced vehicle data that provides information on “close calls” such as hard braking events or road conditions during winter such as wheel slips and traction control will be critical for improving safety and traffic operations. This research applied conflict analyses techniques to process approximately 1.5 million hard braking events that occurred in the state of Indiana over a period of one week in August 2019. The study looked at work zones, signalized intersections, interchanges and entry/exit ramps. Qualitative spatial frequency analysis of hard-braking events on the interstate demonstrated the ability to quickly identify temporary and long-term construction zones that warrant further investigation to improve geometry and advance warning signs. The study concludes by recommending the frequency of hard-braking events across different interstate routes to identify roadway locations that have abnormally high numbers of “close calls” for further engineering assessment.
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