To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Ramus Height.
Journal articles on the topic 'Ramus Height'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Ramus Height.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Fatima, Fiza, N. D. V. N. Shyam, G. Kiran Kumar, Vaishali Narayen, Paremala Konda, and Sangeetha Sree. "MANDIBULAR PARAMETERS FOR AGE ESTIMATION: A DIGITAL ORTHOPANTOMOGRAPHIC STUDY IN HYDERABAD POPULATION." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 09 (2024): 645–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19497.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Mandible is one of the strongest facial bones, which exhibits great changes in size and morphology during growth and aging. The mandibular ramus and gonial angle in particular show notable alterations with aging. Orthopantomographywhich is a regularly used, non-invasive procedure can be used to assess mandibular morphology with ease. Aim and objectives: To assess the correlation of dimensions of condylar ramus height, coronoid ramus height and gonial angle with chronological age of the individual, andevaluatetheirefficacy in estimating age of the individual. Materials and methods: The study sample included 200 digital orthopantomographs of individuals of diverse age groups. Measurements of condylar ramus height, coronoid ramus height and gonial angle were made on the digital orthopantomographs and data was tabulated. Age estimation formulae were derived for each of the three parameters and age was estimated for each individual using the formulae. Results: No statisticallysignificant difference was found on comparing the chronological age and estimated age obtained using condylar ramus height, coronoid ramus height, and gonial angle. Among the three parameters,coronoid ramus height displayed a statistically significant correlation with chronological age. Conclusion:Present study indicates that coronoid ramus height can be used as a reliable indicator for age estimation.
2
Okşayan, Rıdvan, Bayram Asarkaya, Nizamettin Palta, İrfan Şimşek, Oral Sökücü, and Eren İşman. "Effects of Edentulism on Mandibular Morphology: Evaluation of Panoramic Radiographs." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/254932.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological changes of the mandible in edentulous and dentate subjects using panoramic radiographs.Materials and Methods. Panoramic radiographs were divided into the following three groups: Group I (completely edentulous group), Group II (old dentate group) and Group III (young dentate group). The research parameters of gonial angle, condylar height, ramus height, ramus notch depth, and antegonial notch depth were measured on panoramic radiographs. The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used to determine significant differences in mandibular morphological parameters among the three groups. The Mann-WhitneyUtest was used to compare the subgroups.Results. Significant differences were found only in ramus height between three groups. According to the Mann-WhitneyUtest, a significant difference was exhibited among Groups I and II in the ramus height parameter. No significant differences were found in the gonial angle, condylar height, ramus notch depth, or antegonial notch depth when comparing the young dentate, old dentate, and completely edentulous subjects.Conclusions. Significant differences were found only in ramus height between the groups. Ramus height may be an indicator that changed by years and tooth loss. It must be considered that ramus height can be decreased in edentulism.
3
Xiong, Xin, Qinlanhui Zhang, and Yang Liu. "Correlations between mandibular ramus height and occlusal planes in Han Chinese individuals with normal occlusion: A cross-sectional study." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 11 (January 12, 2022): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/apos_78_2021.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the relationships between ramus height and occlusal planes (OPs) in Han Chinese individuals with normal occlusion. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and four participants with normal occlusion were included and their cephalograms were analyzed. The ramus height (Ar-Go), Frankfort horizontal plane-posterior OP (FH-POP), FH-anterior OP (FH-AOP) and FH-OP, anterior and posterior cranial base length, SNA, SNB, ANB, Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, SN-MP, jaw angle, and mandibular body length were measured on the subjects’ cephalograms. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated among continuous variables. The ramus height was considered as dependent variable and the OPs as independent variables. Age, sex, and other cephalometric parameters were considered as possible confounding factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine whether the relationships were significant. Results: The FH-POP and FH-OP were moderately associated with ramus height, while the FH-AOP showed a weak association (P < 0.001). After adjusting age and sex, FH-POP, FH-AOP, and FH-OP showed significant negative associations with ramus height (β = −0.36, −0.28, and −0.37, respectively, P < 0.001). The OP flattened with the ramus height increased. After adjusting all the confounding factors, FH-POP and FH-OP showed significant negative associations with ramus height. The ramus height increased by 0.19 mm/1° flattening of FHPOP (β = −0.19, P = 0.002). Conclusion: After adjust age, sex, and other possible confounding factors, the FH-POP and FH-OP were associated with the ramus height. The flattening of FH-POP was associated with the increase of ramus height. The results should be treated with caution since it’s a cross-sectional study.
4
Mohammed Younus and Dr. Naresh Thaduri. "Morphological and Morphometric study of Mandible using Orthopantogram (OPG) in central Indian Population." IAR Journal of Medicine and Surgery Research 4, no. 2 (2023): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47310/iarjmsr.2023.v04i02.04.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The mandible is the biggest bone responsible for holding the lower teeth in place, assisting in mastication, and forming the lower jawline. The mandible is made up of two parts: the body and the ramus, and it is placed below the maxilla. The lower jawline is formed by a horizontally curved section of the body. The rami are two vertical processes that link the body at the angle of the mandible on either side of the body. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 150 digital orthopantogram (OPG’S). A total number of patient’s time of life selected between ranges of 20-60 years of age group. The sample was of 150 subjects. Data was collected from college who will come for OPD. Socio-demography, physical findings on examination during admission. Details of patient, parity, age and gender would be recorded. Results: Mandibular ramus of male Mean (mm)±SD of Minimum ramus breadth was 29.26±3.01 followed by Maximum ramus breadth 34.30±3.31, Maximum ramus height 75.24±5.62, Projective ramus height 69.25±5.54 and Coronoid height 62.49±5.60. Mandibular ramus of female Mean (mm)±SD of Minimum ramus breadth was 27.62±3.62 followed by Maximum ramus breadth 32.36±3.37, Maximum ramus height 70.33±5.34, Projective ramus height 64.20±5.76 and Coronoid height 58.19±5.74. Each of the five variables measured on mandibular ramus using orthopantomograph showed statistically significant gender differences, indicating that ramus expresses strong gender dimorphism. Conclusion: The present study has suggested that the accuracy of gender determination using mandibular measurements of the Indian population can be improved by deriving a discriminant function, which utilizes a combination of the six respective dimensions. Our study showed that minimum ramus breadth and maximum ramus breadth are most accurate in predicting gender on OPG while projective height was least reliable. Orthopantomogram is a reliable and accurate tool to record the various measurements in order to determine the gender of the given mandible.
5
Meng, Xianbin, Sen Liu, Zg Wu, and Liangying Guo. "Application of panoramic radiographs in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders." Medicine 103, no. 5 (2024): e36469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036469.
Full textAbstract:
To evaluate the feasibility of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) diagnosis with panoramic radiography, and provide standardized data for artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis by measuring the differences in the condylar and mandibular ramus heights. A total of 500 panoramic radiographs (219 male and 281 female participants) of healthy individuals were examined. The panoramic machine compatible measurement software, SCANORA 5.2.6, was used to measure the bilateral condylar height and mandibular ramus height, and SPSS 27.0 was used to calculate the left- and right-side differences in condylar height and mandibular ramus height of healthy individuals. Magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joint region obtained from 46 outpatients in the Stomatology Department were selected along with their corresponding panoramic radiographs. The left- and right-sided differences were measured and compared with the magnetic resonance imaging results. The measurement data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (mm). t Tests were used to analyze data from healthy male and healthy female groups. The findings revealed that while there was no significant difference (P > .05) in the height of the condyle between men and women, there was a significant difference (P < .05) in the height of the mandibular ramus. In healthy population, the difference in height between the left and right condyle was 1.09 ± 0.99 mm. The difference in height of mandibular ramus in men was 1.26 ± 0.85 mm and that in women was 1.19 ± 0.87 mm. For the diagnosis of TMD, the sensitivity of panoramic radiographs was 94.74% (36/38), specificity was 75.00% (6/8), and diagnostic accuracy was 91.30% (42/46). The height of the right and left lateral condyles was not identical in healthy individuals, resulting in a discernible height discrepancy. In addition, the height of the mandibular ramus varied. By considering the left-right lateral height differences identified in this study along with clinical examination, it is possible to employ this metric as a preliminary screening tool for patients with TMD. Further, the use of panoramic radiographs for initial TMD screening is both viable and significant.
6
Shaikh, Shamama Farheen, Sana Khan, Gautam Shroff, Vaishali Mandhana, and Pawan Sonawane. "A Comparative Study of Mandibular Ramus Dimensions between Males and Females in Cadavers from Maharashtra." Perspectives in Medical Research 12, no. 2 (2024): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1202.11.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: The mandible, being a robust bone, remains intact postmortem and can be utilized for gender determination. Morphometric analysis of the mandibular ramus holds significance for anthropologists, anatomists, and prosthetists. This study aims to assess the height and breadth of the mandibular ramus and their association with gender. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 56 cadaveric mandibles (18 female and 38 male). The height and breadth of the mandibular ramus were measured.Results: The mean ± SD for ramus height and breadth on the right side for females was 41.18 ± 4.70 mm and 28.89 ± 2.28 mm, respectively, while on the left side, it was 43.03 ± 3.57 mm and 30.70 ± 7.62 mm, respectively. For males, the mean ± SD for ramus height and breadth on the right side was 47.34 ± 2.88 mm and 33.14 ± 3.26 mm, respectively, while on the left side, it was 47.39 ± 3.88 mm and 32.39 ± 3.85 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The mean ± SD for ramus height and breadth was greater in males than in females. Although this study was conducted on cadaveric mandibles, the mandibular ramus can be utilized for gender determination in medico-legal and forensic cases.Keywords: gender, mandible, morphometry, mandibular ramus
7
Singh, Priya, Updender Malik, Mysore K. Sunil, Lakshya Vishnoi, Arpan Manna, and Tanha Khan. "Ramus & gonial angel measurement in sexual dimorphism - A digital panoramic study." Archives of Dental Research 13, no. 2 (2023): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.adr.2023.020.
Full textAbstract:
Age and sex must be determined for forensic practise and medico-legal objectives. The mandible, which is the most heterogeneous bone in the skull and is frequently found intact, may be a key component in sex assessment. In this regard, the availability of a large number of antemortem orthopantomograms may be very beneficial in researching and creating standards that are population-specific for precise sex and age determination. Determining the value of different mandibular ramus linear and gonial angle measures as sex and age markers on digital panoramic pictures was the goal of the current investigation. This retrospective study was conducted on 600 orthopantomogram of patients of both gender with age group of 18 to 50 years. The selected JPEG images of the digital OPG’s were converted to PDF format and exported to Adobe Acrobat Reader software on an HP Laptop for assessment of linear and angular measurements. The parameters employed in the current study were projective ramus height (PRH), condylar ramus height (CNNRH), coronoid ramus height (CRRH), upper ramus breadth (URB), lower ramus breadth (LRB), bigonial width (BW) and gonial angle (GA). The right PRH, CRRH, CNRH, URB, LRB and bigonial width were higher in males as compared to females similarly left PRH, CNRH, CRRH, URB were higher in males as compared to females with a statistically significant P value (0.001) It was concluded from the current study that various parameters, including the projective ramus height, minimum ramus breath, and coronoid ramus height, could be very helpful in determining gender.
8
Shakya, Tripti, Anjana Maharjan, and Leeza Pradhan. "Morphometric Analysis of Mandibular Ramus for Sex Determination on Orthopantomogram." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 20, no. 01 (2022): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.3822.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Mandible is the strongest and most dimorphic bone of skull which resists postmortem changes and plays an important role in sex determination. Skeletal characteristic differ in different population therefore need of population specific studies. The aim of present study was to determine sex by morphometric analysis of mandibular ramus. Methods: A cross sectionalstudy was performed in orthopantomogram of patients collected from Dental Department of Patan Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. One hundred and fifty digital orthopantomogram of patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study. Five different mandibular parameters (maximum ramus breadth, minimum ramus breadth, condylar height/maximum ramus height, projective height of ramus, and coronoid height) were measured bilaterally resulting in total 300 rami being assessed. Orthopantomogram were made with Planmeca ProMax classic 2D machine and all the measurements on digital radiograph were performed with Planmeca Romexis viewer software version 5.1.0.R. Discriminant function analysis was performed to find the most significant predictors for determining sex. Results: All the measured mandibular parameters were statistically significantly higher in male than females (P<0.001). Condylar height was the most significant predictors for determining sex. The discriminate function equation was derived to determine sex with an overall accuracy of 84.0%. Conclusions: Morphometric analysis of mandibular ramus using digital orthopantomogram showed a high sexual dimorphism. Keywords: Discriminant function analysis; mandibular ramus; orthopantomogram; sexual dimorphism.
9
Mahajan, Roshni, Rakesh Thukral, Ashish Garg, Amit Tripathi, and Amit Singh Choudhary. "Comparison and correlation between mandibular morphology among diferent vertical growth patterns: A cephalometric study." Journal of Contemporary Orthodontics 6, no. 1 (2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jco.2022.003.
Full textAbstract:
: In the field of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, in-depth knowledge of mandibular morphology and different types of growth pattern is essential to reach to ideal treatment for every patient.To compare antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology among different growth patterns. 2) To correlate antegonial notch depth with other parameters of mandibular morphology.: In this study, lateral cephalogram of total 90 patients were traced. The sample was divided into horizontal, average and vertical growth pattern based on Jarabak’s ratio. The antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology (i.e. its height, depth, ratio and angle) and ramus morphology (its height and width) were evaluated and analysed statistically. The symphysis ratio is the ratio of symphysis height to symphysis width. : This study revealed that antegonial notch depth, symphysis angle and ramus height shows statistically significant difference among different growth patterns. In vertical growth pattern, antegonial notch depth is positively correlated with symphysis height, symphysis depth, ramus height and ramus width whereas it is negatively correlated with symphysis ratio and symphysis angle and exactly opposite is true for horizontal growing individuals. : This study concluded that there is correlation between mandibular morphology and growth pattern of an individual.
10
Atta ur Rehman, Tariq Ahmad, Sana Mushtaq, Brekhna Murad, and Muslim Khan. "EFFECTS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT ANKYLOSIS ON DENTITION AND RAMUS HEIGHT." Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 12, no. 1 (2022): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v12i1.88.
Full textAbstract:
Objective:To determine dentition related problems in patients with TMJ ankylosis and to establish effect of TMJ ankylosis on ramus height.Material and method:This descriptive study was conducted at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar Pakistan, from July 2020 to July 2021. Medical records and Cone beam computed tomography of 20 patients with the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint ankylosis were included in the study.Results: Most of the patients presented with unilateral TMJ ankylosis (n=15, 75%) In unilateral ankylosis, the affected side ramus and body (4.89cm, 7.63cm respectively) were less than the non-affected sides (5.54cm, 8.15cm) respectively. Dentition crowding with malposed teeth was present in all bilateral TMJ ankylosis patients and 9 patients in unilateral cases. Conclusion:This study established the effect of TMJ ankylosis on the dentition and ramus height. The height of the ramus was deficient on the affected side and the erupted teeth were crowded in most of the patients.
11
Revanth, R. B., Harini Bopaiah, Anil Kumar Sakalecha, Yashas Ullas, H. S. Suraj, and Rishi Prajwal. "Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Mandibular Ramus for Gender Identification." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 12, no. 4 (2022): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58739/jcbs/v12i4.124.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The ability to identify sex is essential for identification and plays a significant role in forensic medicine and medico legal investigations. Identification's first purpose is sex determination, which is followed by estimations of age, size, and ethnic population, all of which are influenced by the gender. When identifying morphologic characteristics for gender determination, gender analysis and estimate are carried out with almost 90% to 100% accuracy using a whole skeleton. On the other hand, partial or fragmented bones and badly injured bodies, such as in the case of a mass tragedy, might be challenging to analyse. The skull is the second-best marker for gender identification after the pelvis. However, as the mandible is the biggest bone of the skull, it may be crucial in circumstances when a whole skull is not recovered for gender identification. Objectives: To ascertain how computed tomography can be utilised to know a person's gender with the help of mandibular measurements. Methods: The study was done with the Siemens Somatom 16 slice CT machine. Patients who match the inclusion criteria and have received CT for a wide range of reasons will be considered. Various measurements such as Condylar height, Maximum ramus breadth, Minimum ramus breadth projective height of ramus, Coronoid height shall be measured. Data analysis must be done with SPSS 20. For comparisons between the right and left sides, the student t-test shall be applied. Results: 58 individuals between the ages of 18 and 35 (29 females, mean age, 26.3, 29 males, men age, 26.9 & overall mean for both sexes was 26.6 years). In the present study, mean score of five distinct mandibular parameters were calculated. All mandibular ramus variables on CT models were discovered to exhibit a statistically significant gender difference (p = 0.001). It was discovered that the mean condylar height was 64.5 mm in men and 59.56 mm in women, which was a significant (P = 0.001). It was noteworthy (P = 0.001) that whereas the mean maximal ramus width was 35.0 mm in females and 38.0 mm in men. Males and females had different mean values for the minimum ramus width, which were 31.3 mm and 28.8 mm, respectively (P = 0.001). Males and females had mean ramus projection height measurements of 52.38 mm and 47.91 mm, respectively. This difference was significant (P = 0.004). The mean coronoid height was 63.42 mm in men and 56.80 mm in women, which was significant (P = 0.001). 27 out of 29 female mandibular measures correctly identified the gender, with a prediction rate of 96.4%, and 27 out of 29 male mandibular measurements correctly identified the gender, with a prediction rate of 96.4%. The threshold for determining a per- son's sex. As a cut-off for predicting male sex, values over 62.8 mm for condylar height, 36.9 mm for maximum ramus height, 30.0 mm for lowest ramus height, 50.4 mm for projective ramus height, and 61.3 mm for coronoid height can be used. Conclusion: In forensic medicine, the assessment of mandible, particularly the ramus area, plays a crucial factor in determining gender. Future research should evaluate gender determination recommendations using various criteria in bigger sample sizes and across a range of age groups. Although there are differences in ramus measurements between both the genders, there are variations in measures between societies. Therefore, to accurately identify gender from skeletal remains, criteria that are unique to each population must be developed. We think the results of this study will be helpful to radiologists making diagnoses and surgeons working on the mandible and facial area. Keywords: Mandible, Determination of gender, Paranasal sinuses
12
Reddy, Rishika, Velpula Nagalaxmi, Faisal Taiyeballi Zardi, Ayesha Sadathullah, and Sunayana Abbagalla. "Age and gender estimation by radiographic evaluation of mandible." IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 10, no. 4 (2024): 169–74. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmi.2024.035.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to measure various morphometric parameters of mental foramen, height of ramus, mandibular canal, gonial angle and maxillary sinus in digital panoramic radiographs and to correlate these findings in the determination of Gender and Age. A total of 300 radiographs were reviewed for assessment of age and gender by evaluating mental foramen, mandibular canal, height of ramus, gonial angle and width of maxillary sinus in Digital Panoramic Radiograph. Among all the parameters changes in height of ramus, gonial angle and maxillary sinus was found to be highly significant (p value &#60; 0.05) as age advances. These parameters can be used to predict the age of the individual as there were significant changes in height of ramus, gonial angle and maxillary sinus. For further studies large sample size, and recent modalities in radiology like cone beam computed tomography or Computed tomography scan are required.
13
Cutovic, Tatjana, Jasna Pavlovic, and Ruzica Kozomara. "Radiographic cephalometry analysis of dimensions of condylar processus in persons with mandibular prognathism." Vojnosanitetski pregled 65, no. 7 (2008): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0807513c.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction/Aim. There are numerous factors that influence the formation of condylar processus: the growth and development of cranial base, growth and development of the jaws and alveolar extensions, teething, the way of intercuspidation, the overlap of incisors, functions of masticatory muscles, etc. Considering the fact that the above-mentioned factors significantly differ in persons with different morphological set of the face, we set a hypothesis that dimensions of condylar processus and the mandibular ramus considerably differ in persons with mandibular prognathism compared to eugnatic persons. The aim of this study was to establish the differences in dimensions of condylar processus between the above-mentioned groups. Methods. Six parameters representing the dimensions of the condylar processus were measured on profile teleradiographs of 30 eugnatic persons and 30 paersons with mandibular prognathism: the height of condylar processus, the height of head of the mandible, width of the head, width of the neck, height of the ramus without the condylar processus and the overall height of the ramus. Results. A considerable difference in the values of the parameters was found, as well as the distribution toward the values of reference. It was found that the height of the condylar processus was significantly greater in persons with mandibular prognathism, whereas the width of the head of the mandible, the width of the neck and the height of the ramus without the condylar processus was considerably decreased within the same group. The height of the head of the mandible and the overall height of the ramus was not significantly changed. Conclusion. In persons with mandibular prognathism, morphological features of the condylar processus are changed. The condylar processus lengthens on account of shortening of the lower part of the ramus, and the mentioned lengthening is the most prominent in its condylar neck area which is also the centre of its most intense growth.
14
Suzuki, Naohiro, Akihiro Miyazaki, Tomohiro Igarashi, et al. "Relationship between Mandibular Ramus Height and Masticatory Muscle Function in Patients with Unilateral Hemifacial Microsomia." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 54, no. 1 (2017): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/14-329.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To clarify the relationship between mandibular ramus height and function of masticatory muscles in patients with hemifacial microsomia. Design Retrospective study of imaging and physiological data. Setting Images and physiological data were obtained from the records of Sapporo Medical University Hospital. Patients A total of 29 patients with hemifacial microsomia who showed Pruzansky grades I, II deformity. Main Outcome Measures Mandibular ramus height and masticatory muscle volume were evaluated with multi-detector row computed tomography. The electromyographic value was measured by the K7 Evaluation System. The hemifacial microsomia patients were classified into three groups based on the mandibular ramus height ratio of the affected and unaffected sides: group 0, > 1.00; group 1, 1.00 to 0.85; group 2, < 0.85. The Tukey-Kramer method and Games-Howell method were used to determine correlations between parameters. Results Decreased mandibular ramus height was significantly correlated with both reduced electromyographic values of the masseter muscle (P < .05) and the amount of mandibular lateral deviation at the time of maximum opening (P < .05) on the affected side. These differences were prominent in unilateral hemifacial microsomia patients classified as group 2. Conclusions Decreased mandibular ramus height may cause dysfunction of the masseter muscles but not the temporal muscle on the affected side in patients with hemifacial microsomia.
15
Chusida, An'nisaa, Arofi Kurniawan, Beta Novia Rizky, et al. "Gonial angle and mandibular ramus height in Surabaya population: comparison and correlation analysis in panoramic radiograph." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 10, no. 2 (2024): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.98837.
Full textAbstract:
One of the crucial steps of identifying an individual is to determine their sex. The mandible, which is the largest and strongest bone in the human face, is a useful tool due to its significant sexual dimorphism. Two features that are recognized for their high sexual dimorphism are the gonial angle and mandibular ramus height. Several studies have shown different results when using both measures to estimate sex, factors that are thought to influence morphological differences include age, population, sex, and physical activity. The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in gonial angle and mandibular ramus height between sexes using panoramic radiography. Additionally, it aimed to analyze the correlation between these measurements and sex. The measurements of the gonial angle and mandibular ramus height were conducted using ImageJ software. Initially, the specific anatomical landmarks were identified, and the software’s measurement tools were then employed to accurately assess the height and angle based on these selected points. The sample consisted of secondary data obtained from 70 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 20–45 years at the Dental and Oral Teaching Hospital (RSGMP) of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya. Data analysis was conducted using the independent t-test and Pearson correlation. There was a significant difference in the mandibular ramus height between sexes, with males having a greater height (p < 0.05). It was also discovered that, despite the fact that males exhibited a smaller gonial angle compared to females, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.29). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between mandibular ramus height and sex (r = 0.498); however, there was no significant correlation between gonial angle and sex (r = -0.128). The study reveals a significant difference in mandibular ramus height between males and females, with males exhibiting greater height. This parameter shows a strong correlation with sex, making it a reliable indicator for sex determination. Conversely, the gonial angle is not suitable for this purpose.
16
Liu, Yanfei, and Yunfeng Li. "BSSRO Improves Mandibular Morphology Mainly through Correction of Body Length and Volume in Patients with Asymmetric Mandibular Prognathism." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (2022): 7131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237131.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the change and stability of mandibular morphology in patients with asymmetric mandibular prognathism after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed fifty patients with asymmetric mandibular prognathism from the West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, between January 2018 to March 2021. The spiral CT data before surgery, within two weeks after surgery, and at more than six months after surgery of each patient were collected. According to the deflection direction of the chin, the bilateral mandibles were defined as the long side and the short side. The morphological data of the bilateral condyle, the mandibular ramus, and the mandibular body were analyzed to determine the effect and stability of BSSRO on asymmetric mandibular prognathism. Results: It was found that the long-side mandible had greater condylar volume and diameter, mandibular ramus height and volume, and mandibular body length and volume (p < 0.05) before surgery. After surgery, the volume of the mandibular ramus increased, while the length and volume of the mandibular body decreased (p < 0.05) at the long side of the mandible; the morphological changes of the mandibular ramus and body at the short side of the mandible were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). When comparing the long and short sides of the mandible, the long side still had greater height and volume of the mandibular ramus (p < 0.01). The volume difference of the mandibular body from the two sides was corrected (p > 0.05), and the length difference of the mandibular body from the two sides was overcorrected (p < 0.05). At more than six months after surgery, the volume of the mandibular ramus and body increased, while their height decreased at the long side of the mandible (p < 0.05). For the other side, or the short side, the volume of the ramus and body increased, too. However, their height decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study suggested good effect and stability of BSSRO on asymmetric mandibular prognathism, except for the correction of ramus height and volume.
17
van Bakelen, Nicolaas B., Jasper W. van der Graaf, Joep Kraeima, and Frederik K. L. Spijkervet. "Reproducibility of 2D and 3D Ramus Height Measurements in Facial Asymmetry." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 7 (2022): 1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12071181.
Full textAbstract:
In our clinic, the current preferred primary treatment regime for unilateral condylar hyperactivity is a proportional condylectomy in order to prevent secondary orthognathic surgery. Until recently, to determine the indicated size of reduction during surgery, we used a ‘panorex-free-hand’ method to measure the difference between left and right ramus heights. The problem encountered with this method was that our TMJ surgeons measured differences in the amount to resect during surgery. Other 2D and 3D method comparisons were unavailable. The aim of this study was to determine the most reproducible ramus height measuring method. Differences in left/right ramus height were measured in 32 patients using three methods: one 3D and two 2D. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities were determined for each method. All methods showed excellent intra-observer reliability (ICC > 0.9). Excellent inter-observer reliability was also attained with the panorex-bisection method (ICC > 0.9), while the CBCT and panorex-free-hand gave good results (0.75 < ICC < 0.9). However, the lower boundary of the 95% CI (0.06–0.97) of the inter-observer reliability regarding the panorex-free-hand was poor. Therefore, we discourage the use of the panorex-free-hand method to measure ramus height differences in clinical practice. The panorex-bisection method was the most reproducible method. When planning a proportional condylectomy, we advise applying the panorex-bisection method or using an optimized 3D-measuring method.
18
Shroff, Neeta Gautam, Shamama Shaikh, Gautam A. Shroff, Vaishali Mandhana, and Sana Khan. "Morphometric analysis of adult human mandible and their ratios." Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 10, no. 3 (2023): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2023.034.
Full textAbstract:
Mandible is the strongest bone in the face region required for the process of mastication. The inferior alveolar nerve travels inside the bone in the mandibular canal to supply the lower teeth. The measurement of various parameters of mandible allows the proper localisation of nerve for anaesthetic block. Also, the ratios between factors assists during surgeries. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 97 dry adult human mandibles. Height of symphysis menti, ramus breadth and height, and distance of mandibular foramen from mandibular notch and base of mandible of both sides are measured. Ratios between ramus height and breadth and distances of mandibular foramen from above mentioned landmarks were computed. The mean height of symphysis menti was found to be 25.52 ± 4.32 mm. The mean values of height of ramus on right side was 46.18 ± 4.43 mm and on left was 46.57 ± 4.24 mm. The mean breadth of ramus was 32.29 ± 3.57 mm (right side) and 32.59 ± 3.75 mm (left side). It was found that mandibular foramen was closer to the mandibular notch than to the base of mandible on both sides. The ratios between the right and left side showed no significant differences.Inferior alveolar nerve block is required in various dental procedures for which mandibular foramen localisation is must. Dimensions of mandible help in surgical restructuring. Similarly, it aids in understanding the evolution of the bone.
19
Ismail, Izzati Nabilah, Nur Nazihah Mohd Samani, and Pram Kumar Subramaniam. "Sex and Age Assessment Based on Mandibular Morphometry Analysis via Dental Panoramic Tomograph – A Retrospective Study." Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 20, no. 3 (2024): 91–96. https://doi.org/10.47836/mjmhs.20.3.13.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Mandible is the strongest and most durable facial bone. Methods: 202 Dental Panoramic Tomograph (DPT) consisted of 116 females and 86 males between ages of 18-34 years old were selected from the computer server at radiology department of Kulliyyah of Dentistry ranging from 2010 until 2020. The DPT were viewed on Planmeca Romexis software where linear and angular mandibular parameters were assessed accordingly in milimeters and degree, respectively. Relationship and correlation analysis among the mandibular morphometry measurements with regards to sex and age were tested respectively. Results: Four bilateral linear mandibular parameters (maximum ramus breadth, MxrB; minimum ramus breadth, MnRB; coronoid height, CH and condylar height, CdH) showed statistically significant difference (p <0.0.5) in terms of relationship between sex and mandibular. Meanwhile, only maximum ramus breadth (MxRB) bilaterally, right minimum ramus breadth (MnRB), right coronoid height (CH) and right gonial angle (GA) were found to be statistically significant and correlated with age. Hence, the regression equations for the correlated mandibular measurements were generated accordingly. Conclusion: In conclusion, DPT mandibular measurements were proved to be a good tool for sex and age assessment for certain morphometry.
20
Ahila, SC. "Correlation Between Dental Height and Ramus Height and its Role in Prosthodontic Dentistry." Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 20, no. 5 (2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4052.306346.
Full text
21
Koju, S., N. Maharjan, R. R. K. Rajak, D. K. Yadav, D. Bajracharya, and B. Ojha. "Assessment of Sexual Dimorphism in Mandibular Ramus: An Orthopanoramic Study." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 19, no. 3 (2021): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v19i3.49708.
Full textAbstract:
Background Mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the face, is very durable, and hence remains well preserved than many other bones. In cases of mass disasters where an intact skull is not found, the mandible may play a vital role in sex determination as it is the most dimorphic bone of the skull. Morphometric analysis of mandibular ramus provides highly accurate data to discriminate sex. This can be accomplished by the use of panoramic radiography which is widely available and is used routinely to assess the mandibular structures.
 Objective To evaluate and compare the various parameters of the mandibular ramus and to determine the usefulness of the mandibular ramus as an aid in sex determination.
 Method Orthopantomograms of 140 samples (70 males and 70 females) were collected from the archives and traced manually on matte acetate tracing paper. Various parameters of mandibular ramus were measured on the right and left sides. The obtained measurements were subjected to discriminant function analysis.
 Result Mandibular measurements on the right side were greater than on the left side. However, only the ramus breath (minimum and maximum) and projective height of ramus were statistically significant (p < 0.05). All the measurements were higher for males than females. F-statistic values indicated that the highest sexual dimorphism was seen with the projective height of ramus and least with minimum ramus breath.
 Conclusion Mandibular ramus measurements can be a useful tool for gender determination and can be an essential tool in forensic science especially when there is damaged or partially preserved mandibles and may be helpful for medico-legal purpose in Nepal.
22
Funatsu, Minayo, Koshi Sato, and Hideo Mitani. "Effects of Growth Hormone on Craniofacial Growth." Angle Orthodontist 76, no. 6 (2006): 970–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/011905-17.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: This study determined the effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy on craniofacial growth in idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients (33 boys and 24 girls; age range 4.5 to 16.7 years) with GHD were investigated and categorized into three groups according to the duration of GH therapy: the untreated group, the short-term therapy group, and the long-term therapy group. Their lateral cephalometric radiographs were studied, and craniofacial measurements were assessed by age and sex by using matched standard deviation scores. Results: In the untreated group, the anterior cranial base, total facial height, maxillary length, mandibular total length, mandibular body length, and ramus height were smaller than the standard values. In comparison with the untreated group, the long-term therapy group had a significantly larger upper facial height (P &lt; .05), maxillary length (P &lt; .01), and ramus height (P &lt; .01) measurements. Conclusions: Children who received long-term GH replacement therapy showed increased growth of the craniofacial skeleton, especially the maxilla and ramus. These findings suggest that GH accelerates craniofacial development, which improves occlusion and the facial profile.
23
Esfehani, Mahsa, Melika Ghasemi, Amirhassan Katiraee, et al. "Forensic Gender Determination by Using Mandibular Morphometric Indices an Iranian Population: A Panoramic Radiographic Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Imaging 9, no. 2 (2023): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9020040.
Full textAbstract:
Gender determination is the first step in forensic identification, followed by age and height determination, which are both affected by gender. This study assessed the accuracy of gender estimation using mandibular morphometric indices on panoramic radiographs of an Iranian population. This retrospective study evaluated 290 panoramic radiographs (145 males and 145 females). The maximum and minimum ramus width, coronoid height, condylar height, antegonial angle, antegonial depth, gonial angle, and the superior border of mental foramen were bilaterally measured as well as bicondylar and bigonial breadths using Scanora Lite. Correlation of parameters with gender was analyzed by univariate, multiple, and best models. All indices except for gonial angle were significantly different between males and females and can be used for gender determination according to univariate model. Condylar height, coronoid height, and superior border of mental foramen and ramus were still significantly greater in males than in females after controlling for the effect of confounders (p < 0.05). Based on the best model, a formula including five indices of bicondylar breadth, condylar height, coronoid height, minimum ramus width, and superior border of mental foramen was used for gender determination. Values higher than 56% indicate male gender, while lower values indicate female gender, with 81.38% specificity for correct detection of females and 88.97% sensitivity for correct detection of males. Despite the satisfactory results, future research should focus on larger populations to verify the accuracy of the present findings.
24
Gionhaku, N., and A. A. Lowe. "Relationship Between Jaw Muscle Volume and Craniofacial Form." Journal of Dental Research 68, no. 5 (1989): 805–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680051001.
Full textAbstract:
To study the relationship between craniofacial form and jaw muscle function, we evaluated 25 adult male subjects with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (age, 30-61 years; weight, 58-122 kg) on the basis of CT scans obtained for routine diagnostic purposes. All scans were obtained with the Frankfort horizontal plane at right angles to the floor; each CT slice was 8 mm thick. Masseter and medial pterygoid muscle outlines were traced, digitized, and stored, and three-dimensional reconstructions were made for calculation of muscle volume. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for quantification of selected craniofacial variables. Significant correlations could not be identified between physiological apnea variables and jaw muscle volume. An intersubject variability in masseter muscle volume was identified (range, 22.4 - 38.1 cm3). Medial pterygoid muscle volume revealed more variability (range, 7.4 - 15.2 cm3). Masseter muscle volume had a negative correlation with mandibular plane and gonial angle, and a positive correlation with posterior face height, ramus height, posterior face length, condylar center to first molar point length, gonion to pterygomaxillary fissure length, and the ramus height/ anterior face height ratio. Medial pterygoid muscle volume showed a positive correlation with posterior face height, ramus height, posterior face length, and the lengths between condylar center to first molar contact point, gonion to pterygomaxillary fissure, and antegonion to key ridge. Subjects with large masseter and medial pterygoid muscle volumes had flat mandibular and occlusal planes, and small gonial angles.
25
Yadav, Rajiv, Anil Yadav, Narayan Pokhrel, and Neelam Yadav. "Mandibular Condyle Asymmetry among Different Skeletal patterns." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 14, no. 1 (2024): 20–25. https://doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v14i1.59081.
Full textAbstract:
Background: A pleasing face requires symmetry in all three planes. Abnormality in the symmetric growth of condyles is one of the most common causes of facial asymmetry. Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the vertical mandibular condyle asymmetry in different skeletal patterns and among genders. Materials and Method: Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 102 subjects (equally divided into three groups: skeletal Class I, Class II and Class III) seeking orthodontic treatment were used to determine the condylar asymmetry. Condylar asymmetry was determined by comparing the heights of the mandibular condyle head and height of ramus on OPG x-rays. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine intrapersonal reliability. Mann Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test was used to find condylar asymmetry index, ramus asymmetry index and condyle plus ramus asymmetry index across the skeletal classes. Result: Condylar asymmetry index in Class I, Class II, and Class III patients were found to be 5.54%, 6.66%, and 3.68% respectively. Similarly, ramus asymmetry index was 2.03% for Class I, 2.40% for Class II and 1.53% for Class III. The condyle plus ramus asymmetry index was 1.67, 2.01 and 1.34 for Class I, Class II and Class III respectively. All these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The difference in asymmetry index was insignificant among the Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions.
26
Yassir, Yassir A. "Ramus Height and Its Relationship with Skeletal and Dental Measurements." Journal of Oral and Dental Research 1, no. 1 (2013): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0012186.
Full text
27
HUUMONEN, S., K. SIPILÄ, B. HAIKOLA, et al. "Influence of edentulousness on gonial angle, ramus and condylar height." Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 37, no. 1 (2009): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.02022.x.
Full text
28
Norris, Sean P. "Mandibular Ramus Height as an Indicator of Human Infant Age." Journal of Forensic Sciences 47, no. 1 (2002): 15198J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs15198j.
Full text
29
Stăncioiu, Andra-Alexandra, Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea, Anca Adriana Hușanu, et al. "Associations of Digital Measurements: Analysis of Orthopantomography Versus Lateral Cephalograms for Evaluation of Facial Asymmetry." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 4 (2025): 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14041296.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to compare the associations of digital measurements obtained from orthopantomographies (OPGs) or panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms in evaluating facial asymmetry in patients with different skeletal classes. The sample consisted of 128 Romanian patients (67 females, 61 males) who sought orthodontic treatment. These measurements are an essential diagnostic tool for evaluating facial asymmetry in order to treat them. Methods: Lateral cephalograms and OPGs were obtained for each patient, and digital tracing was performed using the WebCeph program. Angular measurements (ANB, FMA, gonial angles) and linear measurements (ramus height, mandibular body length) were assessed on both imaging modalities. Results: Strong positive correlations were found between the gonial angle and ramus height measurements obtained from lateral cephalograms and OPGs (rs range: 0.800–0.946; p < 0.001). However, the mandibular body length showed weaker correlations between the two methods. Significant sex differences were observed, with males exhibiting larger craniofacial measurements compared to females (p < 0.05). The study population was quite young, as seen by the cohort’s median age of 21 years and interquartile range (IQR) of 16 to 29 years. Lateral Ceph: the FMA angle median value of 22° (IQR: 17–25), gonial angle median of 121° (IQR: 116–127), mandibular ramus height median value of 44 mm (IQR: 41–48 mm), and mandibular body length median value of 70 mm (IQR of 65 to 76 mm). OPG: gonial angles on the right and left sides yield medians of 121° (IQR: 116–127) and 122° (IQR: 117–127); the mandibular ramus height on the right and left sides shows medians of 44.0 mm (IQR: 40.0–47.0 mm) and 43 mm (IQR: 40–48 mm); and the mandibular body on the right side presents a median of 71 mm (IQR: 67–76 mm) and the left side has a median of 71 mm (IQR: 67–75 mm). Conclusions: The findings suggest that OPGs can be reliably used to measure the gonial angle and ramus height, providing results comparable to lateral cephalograms. However, caution should be exercised when predicting horizontal measurements from OPGs. The standardization of the OPG recording process and further research with larger sample sizes are required to establish standard panoramic norms for OPG parameters in the assessment of facial asymmetry.
30
Kozakiewicz, Marcin, and Izabela Gabryelczak. "The Osteosynthesis of the Mandibular Head, Does the Way the Screws Are Positioned Matter?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 7 (2022): 2031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11072031.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, an increasing number of medical centers are treating mandibular head fractures surgically. Dedicated screws for compression osteosynthesis have been developed. However, due to the very limited size of the fractured bones and the considerable technical difficulties accompanying the execution of the fixation, there is little room for correction of the positioning and reinsertion of the screws. Therefore, knowing the optimal position of the fixation material is crucial for therapeutic success. The aim of this study is the evaluation of fixation screw position on the mandibular ramus height obtained in the treatment of the condylar head fracture. A total of 57 patients were included in this study. The loss of mandibular ramus height on computed tomography twelve months after mandibular head osteosynthesis was evaluated in relation to the initial distance of the screws from the fracture line, the angle of insertion of the screw into the bone, and the size of the protrusion to the inner side of the condyle. The relationship of the proximity of the screw to the fracture line, angulation, and the size of the protrusion with the loss of ramus height was confirmed. Conclusions: the optimal location for the superior screw is approx. 4 mm below the fracture line (with any angulation), inferior screw is approx. 8 mm (with any angulation), and anterior screw position is approx. 4–5 mm distant from fracture line with the best angulation of 130 degrees to the lateral mandible ramus surface in the coronal plane.
31
Farias-Neto, Arcelino, Ana Paula Varela Brown Martins, Sidney Raimundo Figueroba, Francisco Carlos Groppo, Solange Maria de Almeida, and Célia Marisa Rizzatti-Barbosa. "Altered mandibular growth under functional posterior displacement in rats." Angle Orthodontist 82, no. 1 (2011): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/040411-241.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in mandibular growth between growing rats with posterior functional mandibular displacement and growing rats without functional mandibular displacement. Materials and Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats (5 weeks old) were randomized into two groups: (1) control and (2) mandible posterior displacement in the occluded condition induced by an occlusal guiding appliance. After 8 weeks all animals were sacrificed, cone beam computed tomography scan images of the heads were taken using the classic I-CAT, and acrylic rapid-prototyped templates of the mandibles were constructed. Mandibular length, ramus height, and intercondylar distance were measured. Mandibular length and ramus height were submitted to the two-way analysis of variance, while intercondylar distance was analyzed by nonpaired Student's t-test. Results: Mandibular length was bigger (P &lt; .0001) in the control than in the experimental group, but no significant difference was found between the left and right sides (P = .9380). No significant differences were observed for ramus height and intercondylar distance. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that functional posterior displacement of the mandible in growing rats resulted in shorter mandibular length.
32
dabaghi, Arash, and Abbas Bagheri. "Mandibular Ramus Sexual Dimorphism Using Panoramic Radiography." Avicenna Journal of Dental Research 12, no. 3 (2020): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajdr.2020.20.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Identification of human remains is the first essential phase of forensic investigation and is significant for subsequent analyses. Mandible is the most dimorphic, largest, and hardest bone of skull and plays a decisive role in sex determination, especially when the complete skull is not available. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of mandibular ramus assessment in sex discrimination using panoramic radiography. Methods: A total of 135 panoramic radiographs (68 males and 67 females; aged 0-75 years) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran and divided into five groups :4-14, 16-30, 31-45, 45-60, and 61- 75 years. The following four parameters were measured on the radiographs utilizing the mouse-driven method to determine sex: coronoid height (CRH), ramus height (RH), mandibular body height (MBH), and bicondylar breadth (BB). The radiographs were processed using the SCANORA® software. Data were analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) graphs, t test, and the IBM SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results: The percentage of certainty of each variable regarding the determination of sex from an unknown human mandible bone was as follows: RH=84.6%, CRH=82.4%, BB=73.5%, and MBH=83.8%, indicating that RH alone could categorize the sex in 84.6% of the cases (highest accuracy), CRH in 82.4%, BB in 73.5% (lowest accuracy), and MBH in 83.8%. The average accuracy in sex determination was 89% using all four variables. Conclusions: All the variables studied in the present study revealed a reliable extent of certainty for sex discrimination of unidentified skeletal remains. The overall accuracy of all variables altogether was 89%.
33
Pruszyńska, Paulina, Marcin Kozakiewicz, Piotr Szymor, and Tomasz Wach. "Personalized Temporomandibular Joint Total Alloplastic Replacement as a Solution to Help Patients with Non-Osteosynthesizable Comminuted Mandibular Head Fractures." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17 (2024): 5257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175257.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Treatment methods for mandibular head fractures are controversial, although effective techniques for open reduction and rigid fixation (ORIF) have been known since the late 1990s. Notably, some forms of posttraumatic comminution of the mandibular head can be reduced or fixed. Methods: This study presents a personalized treatment to cure patients with nonreduced comminuted fractures of the mandibular head: total temporomandibular joint alloplastic replacement (18 patients). The reference group included patients who underwent ORIF (11 patients). Results: Personalized alloplastic joint replacements resulted in a more stable mandibular ramus after three months compared with ORIF. Conclusions: The authors recommend not performing osteosynthesis when the height of the mandibular ramus cannot be stably restored or when periosteal elevation from most of the mandibular head is necessary for ORIF. Personalized TMJ replacement should be considered in such patients. Personalized medicine allows patients to maintain a normal mandibular ramus height for a long period of time.
34
Fujii, Yasuyuki, Ayano Hatori, Miwa Horiuchi, et al. "Computed tomography evaluation of risk factors for an undesirable buccal split during sagittal split ramus osteotomy." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (2023): e0279850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279850.
Full textAbstract:
Sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) sometimes induces an irregular split pattern referred to as a bad split. We investigated the risk factors for bad splits in the buccal plate of the ramus during SSRO. Ramus morphology and bad splits in the buccal plate of the ramus were assessed using preoperative and postoperative computed tomography images. Of the 53 rami analyzed, 45 had a successful split, and 8 had a bad split in the buccal plate. Horizontal images at the height of the mandibular foramen showed that there were significant differences in the ratio of the forward thickness to the backward thickness of the ramus between patients with a successful split and those with a bad split. In addition, the distal region of the cortical bone tended to be thicker and the curve of the lateral region of the cortical bone tended to be smaller in the bad split group than in the good split group. These results indicated that a ramus shape in which the width becomes thinner towards the back frequently induces bad splits in the buccal plate of the ramus during SSRO, and more attention should be paid to patients who have rami of these shapes in future surgeries.
35
Chen, Han-Sheng, Szu-Yu Hsiao, and Kun-Tsung Lee. "Analysis of Facial Skeletal Morphology: Nasal Bone, Maxilla, and Mandible." BioMed Research International 2021 (May 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5599949.
Full textAbstract:
The growth and development of facial bones are closely related to each other. The present study investigated the differences in the nasomaxillary and mandibular morphology among different skeletal patterns. Cephalograms of 240 participants were divided into 3 groups based on the skeletal pattern (Class I, Class II, and Class III). The dimensions of nasomaxilla (nasal bone length, nasal ridge length, nasal depth, palatal length, and maxillary height) and mandible (condylar length, ramus length, body length, symphysis length, and entire mandibular length) were measured. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation test were used for statistical analysis. No significant differences were observed among the skeletal patterns in terms of nasal bone length, palatal length, maxillary height, or condylar length. Class II had a significantly shorter ramus, mandibular body, and entire mandibular length compared with those of Class I and Class III. Nasal ridge length exhibited a significant moderate correlated with nasal bone length (correlation coefficient: 0.433) and maxillary height (correlation coefficient: 0.535). The entire mandibular length exhibited a significant moderate correlated with ramus length (correlation coefficient: 0.485) and body length (correlation coefficient: 0.536). In conclusion, nasal and maxillary dimensions exhibited no significant difference among the 3 skeletal patterns. Mandibular body and entire mandibular lengths were significantly positively correlations with Class III skeletal patterns.
36
Lescai, Ioana Mădălina, Laurența Lelia Mihai, and Monica Mihaela Cîrstoiu. "ANALYSIS OF RADIOMORPHOMETRIC INDICES IN POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 67, no. 2 (2021): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2021.2.6.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. The aim of this case report is to present a single patient case superimposed on the literature knowledge in regard to mophometric mandibular variations observed on dental panoramic radiography and used to identify patients with low bone mass density (BMD). Case presentation. A 62 years old female patient reported to the Blident Help Dental Clinic, for specific visits and treatments, 3 years apart. Based on the digital panoramic radiography and DXA measurement, an osteoporosis evaluation with radiomorphometric indices was performed. Values for maximum condylar height, maximum coronoid height, projective height of the mandibular ramus, minimum ramus breadth and antegonial angle are higher on both sides. the values decreased for gonial angle, gonial index, mandible cortical width (MCW), superior and inferior mental height and panoramic mandibular indices on both sides. Bigonial distance also dicreased and the mandibular cortical index (MCI) changed from C2 category in 2017 to C3 category in 2020. Discussions. This postmenopausal pacient had a decline in MCW values which were lower than 3 mm (threshold to differentiate normal) on panoramic radiographs of women with low BMD. Antegonial Index had a decreased value and could be used as a prediction index for osteoporosis. MCI index changed from C2 to C3 in correlation with the changes of bone mass density in lumbar spine. Conclusions. MCI, MCW, antegonial index and bone density played an important role in determining significance of effects of lower BMD at postmenopausal on the mandibular ramus region.
37
Tseng, Fei-Fan, Yu-Hsuan Li, and Yuan-Wu Chen. "Hard and Soft Tissue Facial Landmarks for Mandibular Angle Reduction: A Clinical Study." Clinics and Practice 14, no. 5 (2024): 1707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050136.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Square faces, which are influenced by genetic factors and structural features, are considered undesirable among the Asian population. Surgical interventions, such as mandibular angle reduction, aim to alter these characteristics, though complications may arise. We aimed to investigate the morphology of the mandibular angle and masseter muscle thickness using computed tomography (CT) and to analyze hard and soft tissue correlations to enhance surgical outcomes for patients with square faces. Methods: This retrospective clinical study included 100 Taiwanese patients aged 18–50 years. CT was used to analyze key clinical parameters, including bilateral mandibular width, mandibular divergence angle, ramus height, distance from the mandibular angle to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), and the thickness of the masseter muscle. Results: Significant correlations were noted between the patients’ physical height and weight, mandibular width, ramus height, masseter thickness, and distance from the angle to the IAN. Males exhibited a significantly longer and thicker ramus height (66.48 ± 4.28 mm), greater masseter thickness (15.46 ± 2.35 mm), and greater safety range for mandibular angle reduction surgery (18.35 ± 3.19 mm) (p < 0.00008). Significant correlations were observed among all parameters, except between mandibular width and gonial angle and the distance from the angle to the IAN and between mandibular divergence and masseter muscle thickness (p > 0.1). Conclusions: Our study highlighted the complex interplay among factors that contribute to square facial morphology. Careful preoperative assessments and customized surgical planning are essential for addressing this multifaceted clinical challenge.
38
Piya, Anshu, Bikash Veer Shrestha, Anju Khapung, and Prakash Bhattarai. "Comparison of accuracy of panoramic radiograph and lateral cephalogram in determining linear mandibular measurements among orthodontic patients in tertiary dental care center of Kathmandu." Nepal Medical College Journal 25, no. 3 (2023): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v25i3.58723.
Full textAbstract:
Mandibular dimensions are one of the key parameters for planning the treatment by an Orthodontist. Lateral cephalograms are usually used to evaluate the skeletal relationship. However, due to the superimposition of both the sides, lateral cephalogram may not be reliable in measuring the right and left sides of the cranial landmarks. Panoramic radiography delivers a wide-ranging view of maxillofacial structures with comparatively lesser radiation exposure than other tools and superimposition of structures is less compared to lateral cephalogram image. OPG and lateral cephalograms of all the patients of age group 16-35 years attending Department of Orthodontics in Nepal Medical College from September 2022 to February 2023, having Angle’s Class I Molar relationship with minimum crowding was taken. Linear measurements (ramus height, total mandibular length and mandibular body length) were measured on OPG and Lateral cephalogram. The data was processed in SPSS version 17 for further analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in mean linear measurements between right and left sides on OPG (p-value 0.77, 0.49 and 0.59 respectively). But there was a statistically significant difference in mean linear measurements between both sides on OPG and lateral cephalograms (p-value <0.001). OPG can be used reliably to measure the mandibular length and ramus height of right and left side but comparison of mandibular length and ramus height between lateral cephalogram and OPG may not be reliable.
39
Tsai, Hung-Huey. "A study of growth changes in the mandible from deciduous to permanent dentition." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 27, no. 2 (2004): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.27.2.p77tn25l5w157661.
Full textAbstract:
This cross-sectional study investigated mandibular developmental changes in untreated normal Taiwanese from the deciduous to permanent dentition. Differences in the mean values for ramus height and body length between males and females were statistically significant after eruption of the permanent second molars. SNB angles significantly increased and gonial and L1-MP angles significantly decreased from deciduous to permanent dentition in both sexes. The SN-MP angle in females significantly decreased and ramus inclination in males significantly increased from the early mixed to permanent dentition.
40
Huang, Luo, Shan Tang, Jing Yan, Yaoran Liu, and Zhengguo Piao. "Three-dimensional analysis of mandible ramus morphology and transverse stability after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 44, no. 4 (2022): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-022-02912-z.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate short- and long-term postoperative changes of both morphology and transverse stability in mandibular ramus after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) in patients with jaw deformity using three-dimensional (3D) orthognathic surgery planning treatment software for measurement of distances and angles. Study design This retrospective study included consecutive patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who had undergone intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy and computed tomography images before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 1 year after (T2) surgery. Reference points, reference lines and evaluation items were designated on the reconstructed 3D surface models to measure distances, angles and volume. The average values at T0, T1, T2 and time-dependent changes in variables were obtained. Results After surgery, the condylar length, ramal height, mandibular body length and mandibular ramus volume were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while clinically insignificant change was observed from T1 to T2. The angular length was increased immediately after surgery (P < 0.05), but it was decreased 1 year after surgery (P < 0.05). Lateral ramal inclination showed significant increase after surgery (P < 0.05) and maintained at T2. Conclusion Changes in the morphology of the mandibular ramus caused by IVRO do not obviously bring negative effect on facial appearance. Furthermore, despite position and angle of mandibular ramus changed after IVRO, good transverse stability was observed postoperatively. Therefore, IVRO technique can be safely used without compromising esthetic results.
41
Jain, Ayushi, Pooja Sharma, Sharon John, Shalini Gupta, and Rakesh Dewan. "Significance of evaluating mandibular parameters for the identification of an individual." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240218.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Estimating the age of death is a crucial step since it narrows the field of probable identities that must be compared to remains after mass tragedies. Morphological changes in the mandible are mostly driven by an individual’s age and occlusal status. The aim of this study was to determine the association of the dimensions of these parameters with the age and gender of an individual with a larger sample size using orthopantograms in the north Indian population. Methods: A retrospective radio morphometric analysis was performed for panoramic radiographs of 300 (150 males and 150 females). The digital panoramic images were saved in Dicom format and exported to MicroDicom software for linear measurements. The co-relation of study parameters with age was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and assessment of co-relation with sex by applying student’s t-test. Results: The mean values of the right and left gonial angles were higher in females, while the ramus height and bigonial width dimensions were greater in males. However, only the left gonial angle and ramus height showed statistically significant differences with gender (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study found substantial changes in gonial angle, ramus height, and bigonial breadth based on gender and age in a larger sample size. As a result, these dimensions can be an accurate predictor of an individual’s age and sex. Thus, morphometric examination of the mandible can be a useful tool in both identifying individuals and studying growth patterns.
42
Alves, Nilton, and Naira Figueiredo Deana. "Morphological Study of the Lingula in Adult Human Mandibles of Brazilians Individuals and Clinical Implications." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/873751.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. The purpose of this research was to study, in macerated adult human mandibles, the height of the lingula and provide morphometric data for its location considering aspects such as shape of the lingula, gender, and race.Material and Methods. 132 macerated mandibles of Brazilian adult individuals, both sexes, Amerindian and Caucasian, were used. The distances: from mandibular notch to lingula; from anterior margin of ramus of mandible to lingula; from posterior margin of ramus of mandible to lingula; from mandibular base to lingula, and the height of lingula were obtained. To perform these measurements we used a digital caliper. The variables such as gender and race were analyzed.Results. The mean values found for the height of lingula and its location were determined according to the gender, race, and the lingula shape.Conclusion. This research provides additional data on height of the lingula and morphometric data for its location considering aspects such as shape of the lingula, gender, and race, information that had not been reported in the literature to date. We emphasize that a careful study considering gender and ethnic group makes procedures involving the region of lingula safer.
43
Al-Gunaid, Talat Hasan, Abdul Kadir Bukhari, Sara M. El Khateeb, and Masaki Yamaki. "Relationship of Mandibular Ramus Dimensions to Lower Third Molar Impaction." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 02 (2019): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693922.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the mandibular ramus features that could contribute to the etiology of mandibular third molar impaction. Materials and Methods Two hundred and forty subjects were divided into two groups: impacted group: 115 subjects presented with an impacted mandibular third molar, and control group: 125 subjects with the normal mandibular third molar eruption. Digital panoramic radiographs were used, and four angular and twelve linear measurements were done. Comparisons between groups were done using Student's t-test. Pearson correlation and linear regression tests were used to assess the degree of relationship between retromolar space and mandibular measurements. Results Control group showed significant greater measurements in most of the variables, whereas the impacted group showed significant larger gonial angle and larger inclination of lower posterior teeth than the control group. Significant correlations were found between retromolar space and coronoid height, ramal heights, ramus notch depths, the inclination of lower posterior teeth, and retromolar space/3M width ratio in both groups. Conclusion The present study found that the configuration of the mandibular ramus appears to be discrete in many aspects in the erupted other than impacted lower third molars subjects, which might be a possible cause for the impaction.
44
Bastidas Castillo, Dario Andrés, and Pamela Ramirez Naranjo. "A modified sagittal split osteotomy: description of technique." Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery 28, no. 4 (2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2022011.
Full textAbstract:
The mandibular ramus bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is the common approach in orthognathic surgery; however, this design has some limitations to achieve a good definition in the angle of the jaw in Class II patients with a decreased posterior facial height. This paper aims to show a novel modification and its technic description of the conventional BSSO which increases the vertical length of mandibular ramus and angle, in two patients with a similar diagnosis with a one-year follow-up. In conclusion, modified sagittal split osteotomy is the result of the conjunction of two techniques (BSSO and chin wing osteotomy), that is useful in patients who benefit from improvement in the projection of the mandible angle and increase in posterior facial height. Future studies involving long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate the permanence of these results.
45
Urîtu, Andrei, Ciprian Roi, Alexandra Roi, et al. "Imaging Retrospective Study Regarding the Variability of the Osseous Landmarks for IAN Block." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 2 (2025): 636. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020636.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the most accurate and consistent landmarks for determining the precise location of the mandibular foramen (MF) and the mandibular ramus, suggesting appropriate adjustments to anesthesia techniques based on these variations in order to improve the success rate of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block. Methods: CT scans of the mandibles from 100 patients were analyzed to measure the distance between the MF and various landmarks, including the sigmoid notch, gonion, posterior and anterior margins of the ramus, temporal crest, and the mandibular ramus height from the condyle to the gonion. The width of the mandibular ramus was also assessed, with correlations made to age and gender. Results: The MF was found to be closer to the sigmoid notch (mean = 21.2 mm), p = 0.393, than to the gonion (mean = 22.6 mm), p = 0.801, and closer to the posterior margin of the ramus (mean = 13.1 mm), p = 0.753, than to the anterior margin of the ramus. Additionally, the MF was closer to the temporal crest. Age also influenced the position of the MF, with a posterior and superior movement of the foramen, reducing the distance between the MF and the posterior margin of the ramus as well as the MF and the sigmoid notch (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A precise understanding of the MF’s location will help dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons improve the success of the IAN block, avoid injury to the inferior alveola neurovascular bundle, and minimize surgical complications such as paresthesia, permanent anesthesia, and hemorrhage.
46
Chatra, Laxmikanth, KR Rupa, Prashanth Shenai, et al. "Gonial angle and ramus height as sex determinants: A radiographic pilot study." Journal of Cranio-Maxillary Diseases 4, no. 2 (2015): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-9588.163247.
Full text
47
Karamani, Ioanna I., Ioannis A. Tsolakis, Miltiadis A. Makrygiannakis, Maria Georgaki, and Apostolos I. Tsolakis. "Impact of Diet Consistency on the Mandibular Morphology: A Systematic Review of Studies on Rat Models." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5 (2022): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052706.
Full textAbstract:
Apart from genetics, environmental factors, such as food consistency, may affect craniofacial morphology and development. The present systematic review aims to systematically investigate and appraise the available evidence regarding the effect of diet consistency on the anatomical structures of the basal bone of the rat mandible. The search was performed without restrictions in five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, including grey literature) and hand searching through January 2022. A total of 14,904 references were initially identified, and 16 articles were finally included in the systematic review. Rats that consumed hard diets were found to exhibit an increase inbigonial width, corpus height, condylar depth, condylar base inclination, condylar process inclination, mandibular plane inclination, height and length of angular process, mandibular body height, depth of antegonial notch, growth rate in the gonial angle, angular process convexity and height of condylar process. It was also noted that mandibular depth, mandibular height, ramus angle and angle between the angular process and mandibular plane were decreased in rats that were fed with a hard diet. On the other hand, there were conflicting results about the growth of mandibular length and width, corpus length, mandibular body length, ramus height, condylar length and width, gonial angle and height of coronoid process. From the abovementioned results, it can be concluded that food consistency may affect the morphology of anatomical structures and the overall growth and development of rat mandibles in various ways.
48
Başaran Aslan, Kübra, Binali Çakır, and Burak Erdinç Aslan. "Evaluation Of Radiomorphological Changes On Panoramic Radiography In Defense Athletes." Current Research in Dental Sciences 35, no. 2 (2025): 99–103. https://doi.org/10.17567/currresdentsci.1421656.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective The alveolar prominence can change the morphology of the mandible by showing continuous remodeling. The chronic remodeling/resorption process of the jaw is influenced by gender, genetics, systemic conditions, sequence of tooth loss, duration of edentulism and other unknown factors. Our aim in this study is to investigate the effect of continuous trauma to the maxillofacial region on the morphology of the mandible in defense athletes. Methods: In the study, the patients who applied to the Atatürk University of Dentistry, Department of Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology and routine panoramic radiographs of 26 athletes who have been involved in defense sports such as boxing, kickboxing, and karate for at least 5 years were used. Measurements were made using various parameters on the printouts of these graphs and the values of the right and left sides were compared. Results: When the condyle height, ramus height, gonial angle and antegonial angle parameters are evaluated, there is a significant relationship between right and left values. Condyle index, Ramus index and Condylar ramus index values show no asymmetry in defense athletes. Conclusion: In defense athletes were exposed to constant trauma; neither age, duration of sports, nor exposure to maxillofacial trauma did not cause significant changes in mandible morphology. Keywords: Athletes, trauma, morphology, facial asymmetry
49
Taira, Koji, Shoichiro Iino, Takeshi Kubota, Tomohiro Fukunaga, and Shouichi Miyawaki. "Effects of Mandibular Advancement plus Prohibition of Lower Incisor Movement on Mandibular Growth in Rats." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 6 (2009): 1095–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/112608-603r.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction: To test the hypothesis that mandibular advancement with the use of a fixed functional appliance combined with prohibition of labial movement of the lower incisors will have no effect on mandibular growth in growing rats. Materials and Methods: Fifteen 4-week-old male rats were divided into fixed, unfixed, and control groups (n = 5, each). Bite-jumping appliances were used in the fixed and unfixed groups. Sites of bone perforation and the lower incisors were connected with ligature wires in the fixed group. The ramus height, mandibular length, and inclination of lower incisors were examined for 4 weeks, and those values were compared among five intervals and three groups by through one-way analysis of variance models and the Bonferroni multiple comparison test for post hoc comparison. Results: Increases in ramus height and mandibular length during the experimental period were 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm in the fixed group, 1 mm and 1.5 mm in the unfixed group, and 1.2 mm and 1.9 mm in the control group, respectively. Growth of ramus height and growth of mandibular length in the fixed group were greater than in the unfixed and control groups during the experimental period. The inclination of lower incisors in the unfixed group was increased 8.0 degrees throughout the experimental period, which differed from results obtained in the other groups. Conclusions: Mandibular growth was accelerated effectively before and during the pubertal period in rats by mandibular advancement with a fixed functional appliance combined with prohibition of labial movement of the lower incisor.
50
Tegnander, T., P. Wojtek, J. Żmudzki, and G. Chladek. "An investigation of mandibular asymmetries in patients with TMD as an element of the design of dental polymeric devices for early rehabilitation." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 120, no. 2 extended (2023): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1476.
Full textAbstract:
It is essential to acquire data that will allow the detection of problems occurring within anatomical material structures before the appearance of obvious symptoms of TMD and to design materials and devices in order to take preventive measures. The aim was to examine if asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus height may indicate TMD. Hypotheses were that asymmetry may be an indicator of TMD and that trauma at a young age may lead to growth changes in the height of the mandibular ramus, hence asymmetries.An investigated group consisted of 65 patients with TMD, and the control group consisted of 20 patients with no TMD. The images were obtained with a Durr Vista Panoramic system. The differences in the height of the ramus were calculated. Statistical analysis of the results was performed.Most patients diagnosed with TMD experienced traumatic events in childhood, while no similar cases were reported in the control group. Significant asymmetry was also found in the TMD group. The gender of the patients did not influence the asymmetries. There was no correlation between the age of the patients and the asymmetry in patients with TMD. Still, the correlation occurred in the control group due to significant asymmetries for the youngest patients.The small size of the investigated and control group and the fact that patients come from a private clinic in a geographic area with a low population density were limiting factors.Asymmetries are an indicator of TMD, which may facilitate the early diagnosis of this TMD and the early implementation of treatment using polymeric materials. The knowledge that the development of asymmetry may be related to accidents in childhood or adolescence indicates that such patients should be subjected to preventive observation.The study offers knowledge useful for designing rehabilitation polymeric materials and devices. Asymmetrical changes in the mandible ramus high may be indicative of TMD. TMD is strongly associated with trauma declared by patients at a young age.