Journal articles: 'RaMV'

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Farzadfar, S., R. Pourrahim, A. R. Golnaraghi, S. Jalali, and A. Ahoonmanesh. "Occurrence of Radish mosaic virus on Cauliflower and Turnip Crops in Iran." Plant Disease 88, no. 8 (2004): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.8.909a.

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During the spring and summer of 2003, symptoms of mosaic, mottle, and crinkle were observed in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) and turnip (Brassica rapa) fields in the Qazvin and Esfahan provinces of Iran, respectively. Leaf extracts of these plants, made infective by mechanical inoculation, caused necrotic local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor, chlorotic ring spot on Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, and chlorotic local lesions followed by systemic mosaic on Brassica rapa (1). Using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and specific polyclonal antibodies (As-0120 and PV-0355) that were kindly prepared by S. Winter (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany), the samples were tested for the presence of Radish mosaic virus (RaMV) (family Comoviridae, genus Comovirus). ELISA results showed that the original leaf samples and inoculated indicator plants reacted positively to RaMV antibodies. RaMV has been reported in the United States, Japan, and Europe on turnip and other crucifers (1,2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of RaMV occurring in Iran. References: (1) R. N. Campbell. Radish mosaic virus. No. 121 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Surrey, England, 1973. (2) D. D. Sutic et al. Handb. Plant Virus Diseases. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1999.

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Li, Zhengming, and Chunxiao Chigan. "RAMV: ensuring resource-aware message verification in VANETs." Security and Communication Networks 4, no. 7 (2011): 771–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sec.266.

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Estrada Pineda, Cristina, Juan Bautista Herrero Olaizola, and Francisco Javier Rodríguez Díaz. "La red de apoyo en mujeres víctimas de violencia contra la pareja en el estado de Jalisco (México)." Universitas Psychologica 11, no. 2 (2011): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy11-2.ramv.

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El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las características del apoyo social informal otorgado a la mujer maltratada por su pareja íntima, quiénes lo aportan, así como el tipo de apoyo percibido por las entrevistadas. Es un estudio cuantitativo realizado en Guadalajara, Jalisco, en el que se aplicó el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social Percibido de las Fuentes de Apoyo (Gracia & Herrero, 2004) a 204 mujeres maltratadas por su pareja. Los resultados del análisis de cluster mostraron que el tipo más frecuente de red de apoyo presentaba a los amigos como principal fuente de apoyo. Otros tipos de red de apoyo encontradas en este estudio fueron: familia de origen, compuesta principalmente por padre, madre y hermanos(as) y pareja e hijos (que incluía en algunas mujeres al agresor como fuente de apoyo).

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Hashimoto, Masayoshi, Ken Komatsu, Ryo Iwai, et al. "Cell Death Triggered by a Putative Amphipathic Helix of Radish mosaic virus Helicase Protein Is Tightly Correlated With Host Membrane Modification." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 28, no. 6 (2015): 675–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-15-0004-r.

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Systemic necrosis is one of the most severe symptoms caused by plant RNA viruses. Recently, systemic necrosis has been suggested to have similar features to a defense response referred to as the hypersensitive response (HR), a form of programmed cell death. In virus-infected plant cells, host intracellular membrane structures are changed dramatically for more efficient viral replication. However, little is known about whether this replication-associated membrane modification is the cause of the symptoms. In this study, we identified an amino-terminal amphipathic helix of the helicase encoded by Radish mosaic virus (RaMV) (genus Comovirus) as an elicitor of cell death in RaMV-infected plants. Cell death caused by the amphipathic helix had features similar to HR, such as SGT1-dependence. Mutational analyses and inhibitor assays using cerulenin demonstrated that the amphipathic helix–induced cell death was tightly correlated with dramatic alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane structures. Furthermore, the cell death–inducing activity of the amphipathic helix was conserved in Cowpea mosaic virus (genus Comovirus) and Tobacco ringspot virus (genus Nepovirus), both of which are classified in the family Secoviridae. Together, these results indicate that ER membrane modification associated with viral intracellular replication may be recognized to prime defense responses against plant viruses.

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Cáceda Quiroz, César Julio, and Sergio Enrique Samillán Fernández. "CALIDAD MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PRODUCTOS NATURALES ENCAPSULADOS EXPENDIDOS EN CASAS NATURISTAS DE LA CIUDAD DE TACNA." Ciencia & Desarrollo, no. 20 (May 3, 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33326/26176033.2015.20.510.

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Los productos naturales están teniendo una gran acogida en todas partes del mundo, incluido el Perú, debido a esta gran demanda se han creado muchos laboratorios que los fabrican, no obstante no todos ellos elaboran productos de calidad, y muchos de ellos venden sus productos sin tener un registro sanitario; trabajos de investigación han revelado la presencia de contaminación en productos farmacéuticos de origen natural, siendo esta la razón por la cual se plantea el siguiente objetivo: Determinar la calidad microbiológica de los productos naturales expendidos en la ciudad de Tacna; y para ello se basó en los límites propuestos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), siguiendo el protocolo de la ICMSF (2000) donde se evaluó el recuento de aerobios mesófilos viables (RAMV), recuento de hongos, investigación de Escherichia coli, investigación de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, investigación de Staphylococcus aureus y para el caso de Salmonella spp se usó la guía de los estándares internacionales según ISO 6579; donde se obtuvieron como resultados: ausencia de todos los patógenos pero en el RAMV se encontró que el 84,61% de las muestras sobrepasaron los límites permisibles, al igual que el 92,3% en el recuento de hongos; asimismo el 30,77% de las muestras analizadas no presentaron número de registro sanitario. De lo encontrado se llegó a la conclusión de que los productos naturales analizados no cuentan con las condiciones mínimas para su venta al público, siendo un riesgo para la salud pública de sus consumidores al poder enfermarse con posibles patógenos oportunistas por una contaminación de origen natural.

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Chen, Y. K., Y. S. Chang, and H. J. Bau. "First Report of Turnip ringspot virus in Field Mustard (Brassica chinensis) in Taiwan." Plant Disease 95, no. 8 (2011): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-11-0224.

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Crucifer crops (Brassica spp.) are important winter vegetables in Taiwan. Five viruses, including Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Radish mosaic virus (RaMV), Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), and Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), have been detected in a range of domestic-grown crucifers during past decades (1). Field mustard plants (Brassica chinensis) showing mosaic in the leaves were collected in the ChiaYi area in December 2007. Spherical virus-like particles, approximately 30 nm in diameter, were readily observed in crude sap of symptomatic plants. Tests by ELISA failed to detect any of the aforementioned viruses. A spherical agent was isolated through mechanical inoculation onto Chenopodium quinoa, and a virus culture was established and inoculated mechanically back to the original host as well as other crucifers. Systemic mosaic appeared on inoculated B. campestris, B. chinensis, and B. juncea, whereas ringspots appeared on inoculated leaves of B. oleracea. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic leaves and used for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification using degenerate primers for comoviruses (2). Other successive fragments of RNAs 1 and 2 were amplified by specific or degenerate primers designed on the basis of sequences of published Turnip ringspot virus (TuRSV). The RNA 1 (GenBank Accession No. GU968732) and RNA 2 (No. GU968731) of the isolated virus consisted of 6,076 and 3,960 nucleotides, respectively. The number of nucleotides and the arrangement of open reading frames on both RNA 1 and RNA 2 were similar to those of comoviruses. Sequence analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequences of RNA 1 and RNA 2 shared 54.2 to 82.5% and 50.2 to 79.3% similarities, respectively, to those of comoviruses and were most similar to Turnip ringspot virus. The deduced peptides of large and small coat proteins (LCP and SCP) contain 375 amino acids (41.2 kDa) and 251 amino acids (28.5 kDa), respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), LCP, and SCP share 92.0 to 94.5%, 93.1 to 93.3% and 87.3 to 89.6% similarity, respectively, to those of published TuRSV isolates, i.e., -B (GenBank Accession No. GQ222382), -M12 (No. FJ516746), and -Toledo (No. FJ712027) indicating that the newly isolated virus from field mustard in Taiwan is an isolate of TuRSV, hence TuRSV-TW. Comparison of LCP and SCP between current TuRSV-TW and Radish mosaic virus (RaMV; GenBank Accession No. AB295644) showed 74% similarity, which is below the species demarcation level of 75% (3), indicating its discrimination from RaMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of TuRSV in Taiwan and in the subtropics. References: (1) T. H. Chen et al. Plant Pathol. Bull. 9:39, 2000. (2) V. Maliogka et al. J. Phytopathol. 152:404, 2004. (3) K. Petrzik and I. Koloniuk. Virus Genes 40:290, 2010.

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Arif, Muhammad, Saif ul Islam, Saqer S. Alotaibi, Ahmed M. Elshehawi, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed, and Abdullah M. Al-Sadi. "Infectious clone construction and pathogenicity confirmation of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), Ramie mosaic virus (RamV) and Corchorus yellow vein Vietnam virus (CoYVV) by southern blot analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (2021): e0251232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251232.

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Geminiviruses are insect-transmissible, economically vital group of plant viruses, which cause significant losses to crop production and ornamental plants across the world. During this study, infectious clones of three devastating begomoviruses, i.e., Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), Ramie mosaic virus (RamV) and Corchorus yellow vein Vietnam virus (CoYVV) were constructed by following novel protocol. All infectious clones were confirmed by cloning and sequencing. All of the infectious clones were agro-inoculated in Agrobacterium. After the agro-infiltrations, all clones were injected into Nicotiana benthamiana and jute plants under controlled condition. After 28 days of inoculation, plants exhibited typical symptoms of their corresponding viruses. All the symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves were collected from inoculated plants for further analysis. The southern blot analysis was used to confirm the infection of studied begomoviruses. At the end, all the products were sequenced and analyzed.

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Keijser, Bart J. F., Gilles P. van Wezel, Gerard W. Canters, and Erik Vijgenboom. "Developmental Regulation of the Streptomyces lividans ram Genes: Involvement of RamR in Regulation of the ramCSAB Operon." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 16 (2002): 4420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.16.4420-4429.2002.

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ABSTRACT Streptomycetes are filamentous soil bacteria that produce spores through a complex process of morphological differentiation. The ram cluster plays an important part during the development. The ram genes encode a membrane-bound kinase (RamC), a small protein (RamS), components of an ABC transporter (RamAB), and a response regulator (RamR). While the introduction of an extra copy of the ram cluster accelerates development in Streptomyces lividans, ramABR disruption mutants are unable to produce aerial hyphae and spores. The developmental regulation of ram gene transcription was analyzed. Transcription of the ram genes occurred only on solid rich media and not on minimal media. The ramR gene is transcribed from a single promoter during all growth stages, with the highest levels during aerial growth. The ramCSAB genes comprise one operon and are transcribed from one principal promoter, P1, directly upstream of ramC. Transcription of ramCSAB was already observed during vegetative growth, but was strongly upregulated upon initiation of formation of aerial hyphae and was decreased during late stages of development. A large inverted repeat located downstream of ramS terminated the majority of transcripts. The introduction of ramR on a multicopy vector in S. lividans strongly induced P1 activity, while disruption of this regulator eliminated all P1 promoter activity. This shows that ramR is a crucial activator of ramCSAB transcription. Importantly, in bldA, bldB, bldD, or bldH mutants, ramR and ramCSAB are not transcribed, while ram gene transcription was observed in the earliest whi mutant, whiG. This indicates that the transcription of the ram genes marks the transition from vegetative to aerial growth.

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Akinay, Yüksel, and Fatih Hayat. "Synthesis and microwave absorption enhancement of BaTiO3 nanoparticle/polyvinylbutyral composites." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 5 (2018): 593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318788144.

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Barium titanate (BaTiO3)-polyvinyl butyral (PVB) composites at various weight concentrations were prepared via ultrasonic probe sonicator. The sonication was carried out at 20 kHz and 70% amplitude for about 2 h and BaTiO3 nanoparticles were dispersed well in the mixture of PVB/ethanol under probe sonication. As a microwave absorbent, the microwave absorbing properties of the BaTiO3 nanoparticle-PVB composites with different mixture ratios of 5 wt.% (RAM1), 10 wt.% (RAM2) and 15 wt.% (RAM3) BaTiO3 were investigated based on transmission line theory in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 14 GHz. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the RAM1 reaches −3.47 dB at 5.57 GHz with a matching thickness of only 7.0 mm. For RAM2 with 4 mm and 4.2 mm thickness ( tm), the RL values are less than −10 dB obtained in the frequency 10.3–13.4 GHz. The RAM3 composite with 15 wt.% BaTiO3 mixture ratio shows a minimum reflection loss of −43.8 dB at 11.01 GHz with a −15 dB bandwidth over the extended frequency range of 10.2–13.2 GHz for a thickness of 2.8 mm and −44.2 dB at 4.77 GHz for a thickness of 6.5 mm.

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Seibold, Gerd M., Christian T. Hagmann, Melanie Schietzel, et al. "The transcriptional regulators RamA and RamB are involved in the regulation of glycogen synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum." Microbiology 156, no. 4 (2010): 1256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.036756-0.

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When grown in glucose-, fructose- or sucrose-containing medium, the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum transiently accumulates large amounts of glycogen (up to 10 % of its dry weight), whereas only a marginal amount of glycogen is formed during growth with acetate. This carbon-source-dependent regulation is at least partially due to transcriptional control of glgC, encoding ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, the first enzyme of glycogen synthesis from glucose-1-phosphate. Here, we have analysed a possible regulatory role for the transcriptional regulators RamA and RamB on glycogen content of the cells and on control of expression of glgC and of glgA, which encodes the second enzyme of glycogen synthesis, glycogen synthase. Determination of the glycogen content of RamA- and RamB-deficient C. glutamicum indicated that RamA and RamB influence glycogen synthesis positively and negatively, respectively. In accordance with the identification of putative RamA and RamB binding sites upstream of glgC and glgA, both regulators were found to bind specifically to the glgC–glgA intergenic promoter region. Promoter activity assays in wild-type and RamA- and RamB-deficient strains of C. glutamicum revealed that (i) RamA is a positive regulator of glgC and glgA, (ii) RamB is a negative regulator of glgA and (iii) neither RamA nor RamB alone is responsible for the carbon-source-dependent regulation of glycogen synthesis in C. glutamicum.

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Lundquist, Rasmus, Leif Kofoed Nielsen, Ali Jafarshad, et al. "Human Recombinant Antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 3 Cloned from Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Individuals with Immunity to Malaria Demonstrate Antiparasitic Properties." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 6 (2006): 3222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00928-05.

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ABSTRACT Immunoglobulins from individuals with immunity to malaria have a strong antiparasitic effect when transferred to Plasmodium falciparum malaria infected patients. One prominent target of antiparasitic antibodies is the merozoite surface antigen 3 (MSP-3). We have investigated the antibody response against MSP-3 residues 194 to 257 (MSP-3194-257) on the molecular level. mRNA from peripheral blood leukocytes from clinically immune individuals was used as a source of Fab (fragment antibody) genes. A Fab-phage display library was made, and three distinct antibodies designated RAM1, RAM2, and RAM3 were isolated by panning. Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 full-length antibodies have been produced in CHO cells. Reactivity with the native parasite protein was demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting. Furthermore, the antiparasitic effect of RAM1 has been tested in vitro in an antibody-dependent cellular inhibition (ADCI) assay. Both the IgG1 and the IgG3 versions of the antibody show an inhibitory effect on parasite growth.

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Abouzeed, Yousef M., Sylvie Baucheron, and Axel Cloeckaert. "ramR Mutations Involved in Efflux-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 7 (2008): 2428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00084-08.

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ABSTRACT In the sequenced genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2, an open reading frame (STM0580) coding for a putative regulatory protein of the TetR family is found upstream of the ramA gene. Overexpression of ramA results in increased expression of the AcrAB efflux pump and, consequently, multidrug resistance (MDR) in several bacterial species. The inactivation of the putative regulatory protein gene upstream of ramA in a susceptible serovar Typhimurium strain resulted in an MDR phenotype with fourfold increases in the MICs of unrelated antibiotics, such as quinolones/fluoroquinolones, phenicols, and tetracycline. The inactivation of this gene also resulted in a fourfold increase in the expression of ramA and a fourfold increase in the expression of the AcrAB efflux pump. These results indicated that the gene encodes a local repressor of ramA and was thus named ramR. In contrast, the inactivation of marR, marA, soxR, and soxS did not affect the susceptibilities of the strain. In quinolone- or fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of serovar Typhimurium overexpressing AcrAB, several point mutations which resulted in amino acid changes or an in-frame shift were identified in ramR; in addition, mutations interrupting ramR with an IS1 element were identified in high-level fluoroquinolone-resistant serovar Typhimurium DT204 strains. One serovar Typhimurium DT104 isolate had a 2-nucleotide deletion in the putative RamR binding site found upstream of ramA. These mutations were confirmed to play a role in the MDR phenotype by complementing the isolates with an intact ramR gene or by inactivating their respective ramA gene. No mutations in the mar or sox region were found in the strains studied. In conclusion, mutations in ramR appear to play a major role in the upregulation of RamA and AcrAB and, consequently, in the efflux-mediated MDR phenotype of serovar Typhimurium.

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Bailey, Andrew M., Al Ivens, Rob Kingsley, Jennifer L. Cottell, John Wain, and Laura J. V. Piddock. "RamA, a Member of the AraC/XylS Family, Influences Both Virulence and Efflux in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 6 (2010): 1607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01517-09.

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ABSTRACT The transcriptomes of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 lacking a functional ramA or ramR or with plasmid-mediated high-level overexpression of ramA were compared to those of the wild-type parental strain. Inactivation of ramA led to increased expression of 14 SPI-1 genes and decreased expression of three SPI-2 genes, and it altered expression of ribosomal biosynthetic genes and several amino acid biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, disruption of ramA led to decreased survival within RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and attenuation within the BALB/c ByJ mouse model. Highly overexpressed ramA led to increased expression of genes encoding multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pumps, including acrAB, acrEF, and tolC. Decreased expression of 34 Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI) 1 and 2 genes, decreased SipC production, decreased adhesion to and survival within macrophages, and decreased colonization of Caenorhabditis elegans were also seen. Disruption of ramR led to the increased expression of ramA, acrAB, and tolC, but not to the same level as when ramA was overexpressed on a plasmid. Inactivation of ramR had a more limited effect on pathogenicity gene expression. In silico analysis of a suggested RamA-binding consensus sequence identified target genes, including ramR, acrA, tolC, sipABC, and ssrA. This study demonstrates that the regulation of a mechanism of MDR and expression of virulence genes show considerable overlap, and we postulate that such a mechanism is dependent on transcriptional activator concentration and promoter sensitivity. However, we have no evidence to support the hypothesis that increased MDR via RamA regulation of AcrAB-TolC gives rise to a hypervirulent strain.

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Nikaido, Eiji, Ikue Shirosaka, Akihito Yamaguchi, and Kunihiko Nishino. "Regulation of the AcrAB multidrug efflux pump in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in response to indole and paraquat." Microbiology 157, no. 3 (2011): 648–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.045757-0.

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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has at least nine multidrug efflux pumps. Among these, AcrAB is constitutively expressed and is the most efficient, playing a role in both drug resistance and virulence. The acrAB locus is induced by indole, Escherichia coli-conditioned medium, and bile salts. This induction is dependent on RamA through the binding sequence in the upstream region of acrA that binds RamA. In the present study, we made a detailed investigation of the ramA and acrAB induction mechanisms in Salmonella in response to indole, a biological oxidant for bacteria. We found that acrAB and ramA induction in response to indole is dependent on RamR. However, the cysteine residues of RamR do not play a role in the induction of ramA in response to indole, and the oxidative effect of indole is therefore not related to ramA induction via RamR. Furthermore, we showed that paraquat, a superoxide generator, induces acrAB but not ramA. We further discovered that the mechanism of acrAB induction in response to paraquat is dependent on SoxS. The data indicate that there are at least two independent induction pathways for acrAB in response to extracellular signals such as indole and paraquat. We propose that Salmonella utilizes these regulators for acrAB induction in response to extracellular signals in order to adapt itself to environmental conditions.

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Cramer, Annette, Marc Auchter, Julia Frunzke, Michael Bott, and Bernhard J. Eikmanns. "RamB, the Transcriptional Regulator of Acetate Metabolism in Corynebacterium glutamicum, Is Subject to Regulation by RamA and RamB." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 3 (2006): 1145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01061-06.

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ABSTRACT In Corynebacterium glutamicum, the transcriptional regulator RamB negatively controls the expression of genes involved in acetate metabolism. Here we show that RamB represses its own expression by direct interaction with a 13-bp motif in the ramB promoter region. Additionally, ramB expression is subject to carbon source-dependent positive control by RamA.

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Ricci, Vito, Stephen J. W. Busby, and Laura J. V. Piddock. "Regulation of RamA by RamR in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium: Isolation of a RamR Superrepressor." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 11 (2012): 6037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01320-12.

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ABSTRACTRamA is a transcription factor involved in regulating multidrug resistance inSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium SL1344. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter fusions were exploited to investigate the regulation of RamA expression by RamR. We show that RamR represses theramApromoter by binding to a palindromic sequence and describe a superrepressor RamR mutant that binds to theramApromoter sequence more efficiently, thus exhibiting aramAinactivated phenotype.

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Hentschke, M., M. Wolters, I. Sobottka, H. Rohde, and M. Aepfelbacher. "ramR Mutations in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae with Reduced Susceptibility to Tigecycline." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 6 (2010): 2720–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00085-10.

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ABSTRACT Five Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with reduced susceptibility to tigecycline (MIC, 2 μg/ml) were analyzed. A gene homologous to ramR of Salmonella enterica was identified in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Sequencing of ramR in the nonsusceptible Klebsiella strains revealed deletions, insertions, and point mutations. Transformation of mutants with wild-type ramR genes, but not with mutant ramR genes, restored susceptibility to tigecycline and repressed overexpression of ramA and acrB. Thus, this study reveals a molecular mechanism for tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

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Arndt, Annette, and Bernhard J. Eikmanns. "The Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene adhA in Corynebacterium glutamicum Is Subject to Carbon Catabolite Repression." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 20 (2007): 7408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00791-07.

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ABSTRACT Corynebacterium glutamicum has recently been shown to grow on ethanol as a carbon and energy source and to possess high alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity when growing on this substrate and low ADH activity when growing on ethanol plus glucose or glucose alone. Here we identify the C. glutamicum ADH gene (adhA), analyze its transcriptional organization, and investigate the relevance of the transcriptional regulators of acetate metabolism RamA and RamB for adhA expression. Sequence analysis of adhA predicts a polypeptide of 345 amino acids showing up to 57% identity with zinc-dependent ADH enzymes of group I. Inactivation of the chromosomal adhA gene led to the inability to grow on ethanol and to the absence of ADH activity, indicating that only a single ethanol-oxidizing ADH enzyme is present in C. glutamicum. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the C. glutamicum adhA gene is monocistronic and that its expression is repressed in the presence of glucose and of acetate in the growth medium, i.e., that adhA expression is subject to catabolite repression. Further analyses revealed that RamA and RamB directly bind to the adhA promoter region, that RamA is essential for the expression of adhA, and that RamB exerts a negative control on adhA expression in the presence of glucose or acetate in the growth medium. However, since the glucose- and acetate-dependent down-regulation of adhA expression was only partially released in a RamB-deficient mutant, there might be an additional regulator involved in the catabolite repression of adhA.

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Eaton, S. Sheffield, James D. Allan, and Jim Brady. "CMOS dynamic-RAMs approach static RAM speeds." IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine 1, no. 6 (1985): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcd.1985.6311741.

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Sobaś, Marek. "Badania wytrzymałościowe wózka 11 ANC." Rail Vehicles, no. 2 (April 2, 2010): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53502/rail-139720.

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W artykule przedstawiono program badań wytrzymałościowych ramy wózka IIANc, jako podstawowego ustroju nośnego. Opisano ramę jako obiekt do badań, strukturę stanowiskowych badań wytrzymałościowych, specyfikację sił działających na ramę oraz kryteria oceny wyników badań. Artykuł powstał w ramach projektu badawczo-rozwojowego nr RI0 04I 02, finansowanego przez Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego ze środków budżetowych na naukę na lata 2007--2009 pt.,,Wózek pasażerskiego pojazdu kolejowego typu Z o prędkości 250 km/h i możliwości modyfikacji do prędkości 300 km/h".

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Baucheron, Sylvie, Franck Coste, Sylvie Canepa, et al. "Binding of the RamR Repressor to Wild-Type and Mutated Promoters of theramAGene Involved in Efflux-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 2 (2011): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05444-11.

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ABSTRACTThe transcriptional activator RamA is involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) by increasing expression of the AcrAB-TolC RND-type efflux system in several pathogenicEnterobacteriaceae. InSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S.Typhimurium),ramAexpression is negatively regulated at the local level by RamR, a transcriptional repressor of the TetR family. We here studied the DNA-binding activity of the RamR repressor with theramApromoter (PramA). As determined by high-resolution footprinting, the 28-bp-long RamR binding site covers essential features of PramA, including the −10 conserved region, the transcriptional start site oframA, and two 7-bp inverted repeats. Based on the RamR footprint and on electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), we propose that RamR interacts with PramAas a dimer of dimers, in a fashion that is structurally similar to the QacR-DNA binding model. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements indicated that RamR has a 3-fold-lower affinity (KD[equilibrium dissociation constant] = 191 nM) for the 2-bp-deleted PramAof an MDRS.Typhimurium clinical isolate than for the wild-type PramA(KD= 66 nM). These results confirm the direct regulatory role of RamR in the repression oframAtranscription and precisely define how an alteration of its binding site can give rise to an MDR phenotype.

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Ungerfeld, R., M. A. Ramos, and S. P. González-Pensado. "Ram effect: Adult rams induce a greater reproductive response in anestrous ewes than yearling rams." Animal Reproduction Science 103, no. 3-4 (2008): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.12.013.

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Fragoso, António, Rute Ricardo, Nélia Tavares, and Aurora Coelho. "Z ramo ob rami? Moškost in neformalno učenje v kasnejšem življenju." Andragoška spoznanja 20, no. 3 (2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.20.3.27-29.

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Beekwilder, Jules, Daniela Marcozzi, Samuele Vecchi, et al. "Characterization of Rhamnosidases from Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 11 (2009): 3447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02675-08.

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ABSTRACT Lactobacilli are known to use plant materials as a food source. Many such materials are rich in rhamnose-containing polyphenols, and thus it can be anticipated that lactobacilli will contain rhamnosidases. Therefore, genome sequences of food-grade lactobacilli were screened for putative rhamnosidases. In the genome of Lactobacillus plantarum, two putative rhamnosidase genes (ram1 Lp and ram2 Lp) were identified, while in Lactobacillus acidophilus, one rhamnosidase gene was found (ramA La). Gene products from all three genes were produced after introduction into Escherichia coli and were then tested for their enzymatic properties. Ram1Lp, Ram2Lp, and RamALa were able to efficiently hydrolyze rutin and other rutinosides, while RamALa was, in addition, able to cleave naringin, a neohesperidoside. Subsequently, the potential application of Lactobacillus rhamnosidases in food processing was investigated using a single matrix, tomato pulp. Recombinant Ram1Lp and RamALa enzymes were shown to remove the rhamnose from rutinosides in this material, but efficient conversion required adjustment of the tomato pulp to pH 6. The potential of Ram1Lp for fermentation of plant flavonoids was further investigated by expression in the food-grade bacterium Lactococcus lactis. This system was used for fermentation of tomato pulp, with the aim of improving the bioavailability of flavonoids in processed tomato products. While import of flavonoids into L. lactis appeared to be a limiting factor, rhamnose removal was confirmed, indicating that rhamnosidase-producing bacteria may find commercial application, depending on the technological properties of the strains and enzymes.

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Jolkver, Elena, Denise Emer, Stefan Ballan, Reinhard Krämer, Bernhard J. Eikmanns, and Kay Marin. "Identification and Characterization of a Bacterial Transport System for the Uptake of Pyruvate, Propionate, and Acetate in Corynebacterium glutamicum." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (2008): 940–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01155-08.

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ABSTRACT The metabolism of monocarboxylic acids is of central importance for bacteria in their natural habitat as well as during biotechnological production. Although biosynthesis and degradation are well understood, the transport of such compounds is still a matter of discussion. Here we present the identification and characterization of a new transport system in Corynebacterium glutamicum with high affinity for acetate and propionate and with lower affinity for pyruvate. Biochemical analysis of this monocarboxylic acid transporter (MctC) revealed for the first time a quantitative discrimination of passive diffusion and active transport of acetate by bacterial cells. MctC is a secondary transporter and belongs to the class of sodium solute symporters, but it is driven by the electrochemical proton potential. The mctC gene is preceded by and cotranscribed with cg0952, a locus encoding a small membrane protein, and the transcription of the cg0952-mctC operon is under the control of the transcriptional regulators RamA and RamB. Both of these proteins directly bind to the promoter region of the operon; RamA is essential for expression and RamB exerts a slightly negative control on expression of the cg0952-mctC operon. mctC expression is induced in the presence of pyruvate and beneficial under substrate-limiting conditions for C. glutamicum.

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Gober, Greta, and Justyna Struzik. "Feminist transnational diaspora in the making. The case of the #BlackProtest." Praktyka Teoretyczna 30, no. 4 (2019): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/prt.2018.4.5.

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Autorki artykułu omawiają społeczną mobilizację wokół #CzarnegoProtestu wśród polskich migrantek mieszkających w czterech europejskich miastach. #CzarnyProtest był najwyrazistszym przykładem ruchu o prawa kobiet w najnowszej historii Polski. Główne pytanie badawcze prezentowanego studium dotyczy znaczeń przypisywanych zagranicznym protestom solidarnościowym przez ich organizatorki. Analiza motywów skłaniających do organizowania #CzarnegoProtestu za granicą pokazuje, że mobilizacja ta wykracza poza ramy transnarodowego aktywizmu. Teoretyczna rama artykułu powstała w oparciu o rozważania na temat diaspor jako kulturowych wspólnot tworzonych przez procesy negocjowania tożsamości, wewnętrznej heterogeniczności oraz własnych granic. Do ramy tej autorki włączają dodatkowo koncepcje ruchów społecznych, pokazując, w jaki sposób liderstwo oparte na łączeniu, dyskursywne struktury możliwości oraz emocje umożliwiły transnarodową mobilizację wokół #CzarnegoProtestu. Opierając się na wywiadach jakościowych z organizatorkami protestów, autorki wskazują, że #CzarnyProtest zainicjował powstanie feministycznej, transnarodowej diaspory wewnątrz społeczności migranckich.

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Pereira, Antônia Alves. "Aspectos das orações subordinadas adverbiais em Asurini do Xingu." MOARA – Revista Eletrônica do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras ISSN: 0104-0944 1, no. 36 (2013): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18542/moara.v1i36.1104.

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Neste trabalho, apresentamos aspectos das orações adverbiais na língua Asurini do Xingu. Mostramos que os recursos utilizados para formar esse tipo de oração nessa língua são a nominalização, acompanhada de {-a}, e morfemas subordinadores. Exibimos seis subtipos de orações adverbiais: orações locativas, orações com {-rame}, orações com {ramu}, orações consecutivas, orações condicionais imaginativas e orações no gerúndio. A codificação dos argumentos nas orações adverbiais depende da valência do verbo e do subtipo verbal: intransitivo ativo ou intransitivo descritivo e no caso desse último subtipo se pertence à classe morfológica r- ou ø-. As orações adverbiais podem ocorrer antes ou depois da oração principal.

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Cheng, Yi-Hsiang, Tzu-Wen Huang, Chih-Han Juan, et al. "Tigecycline-non-susceptible hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Taiwan." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 75, no. 2 (2019): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz450.

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Abstract Objectives Emergent antimicrobial-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is an important public health issue. We aimed to investigate resistance mechanisms and hypervirulent traits among tigecycline-non-susceptible (TNS) K. pneumoniae clinical strains, focusing on one hvKp strain with in vivo evolution of tigecycline resistance. Methods TNS K. pneumoniae strains causing invasive diseases in a medical centre in Taiwan between July 2015 and April 2018 were collected. Resistance mechanisms were determined and hvKp strains were defined as rmpA/rmpA2-carrying strains. Isogenic strains with and without tigecycline resistance were subjected to WGS and in vivo virulence testing. Further, site-directed mutagenesis was used to confirm the resistance mechanism. Results In total, 31 TNS K. pneumoniae strains were isolated, including six hypervirulent strains. Tigecycline resistance mechanisms were mostly caused by overexpression of AcrAB and OqxAB together with up-regulation of RamA or RarA, respectively. One TNS hypervirulent strain (KP1692; MIC=6 mg/L) derived from its tigecycline-susceptible counterpart (KP1677; MIC=0.75 mg/L) showed acrAB overexpression. WGS revealed four genetic variations between KP1677 and KP1692. In addition, using site-directed mutagenesis, we confirmed that a 1 bp insertion in the ramA upstream region (RamR-binding site), leading to ramA and acrAB overexpression in KP1692, was responsible for tigecycline resistance. The in vivo virulence experiment showed that the TNS hvKp strain KP1692 still retained its high virulence compared with KP1677. Conclusions hvKp strains accounted for 19.4% among TNS strains. We identified alterations in the ramA upstream region as a mechanism of in vivo tigecycline resistance development in an hvKp strain.

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Alexander, Brenda M., Robert H. Stobart, and Gary E. Moss. "Scrapie resistance and production traits in Rambouillet rams: Ram performance test 2002–2006." Research in Veterinary Science 85, no. 2 (2008): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.11.004.

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Cramer, Annette, Robert Gerstmeir, Steffen Schaffer, Michael Bott, and Bernhard J. Eikmanns. "Identification of RamA, a Novel LuxR-Type Transcriptional Regulator of Genes Involved in Acetate Metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 7 (2006): 2554–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.7.2554-2567.2006.

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ABSTRACT In Corynebacterium glutamicum, the acetate-activating enzymes phosphotransacetylase and acetate kinase and the glyoxylate cycle enzymes isocitrate lyase and malate synthase are coordinately up-regulated in the presence of acetate in the growth medium. This regulation is due to transcriptional control of the respective pta-ack operon and the aceA and aceB genes, brought about at least partly by the action of the negative transcriptional regulator RamB. Using cell extracts of C. glutamicum and employing DNA affinity chromatography, mass spectrometry, and peptide mass fingerprinting, we identified a LuxR-type transcriptional regulator, designated RamA, which binds to the pta-ack and aceA/aceB promoter regions. Inactivation of the ramA gene in the genome of C. glutamicum resulted in mutant RG2. This mutant was unable to grow on acetate as the sole carbon and energy source and, in comparison to the wild type of C. glutamicum, showed very low specific activities of phosphotransacetylase, acetate kinase, isocitrate lyase, and malate synthase, irrespective of the presence of acetate in the medium. Comparative transcriptional cat fusion experiments revealed that this deregulation takes place at the level of transcription. By electrophoretic mobility shift analysis, purified His-tagged RamA protein was shown to bind specifically to the pta-ack and the aceA/aceB promoter regions, and deletion and mutation studies revealed in both regions two binding motifs each consisting of tandem A/C/TG4-6T/C or AC4-5A/G/T stretches separated by four or five arbitrary nucleotides. Our data indicate that RamA represents a novel LuxR-type transcriptional activator of genes involved in acetate metabolism of C. glutamicum.

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Ferreira, W. M., A. D. P. N. Herrera, C. Scapinello, D. O. Fontes, L. C. Machado, and S. R. A. Ferreira. "Digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes de dietas simplificadas baseadas em forragens para coelhos em crescimento." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 59, no. 2 (2007): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352007000200027.

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Avaliaram-se os efeitos de dietas simplificadas à base de forragens sobre a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes em coelhos Nova Zelândia branco. As dietas experimentais foram: referência (REF), feno de alfafa (FAL), feno das folhas de rami (FRA), feno das folhas de amoreira (FAM) e feno do terço superior da rama da mandioca (FMA). A digestibilidade das dietas foi influenciada pelo tipo de alimento estudado; a FMA apresentou coeficientes de digestibilidade inferiores às demais dietas para todos os princípios nutritivos analisados. Para a dieta FAM, os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente dos princípios nutritivos foram maiores (P<0,05) que os coeficientes das outras dietas estudadas. Os animais que ingeriram a dieta FAM apresentaram distúrbios digestivos e baixos consumos, com efeito negativo sobre os resultados. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente das demais dietas estudadas foram semelhantes (P>0,05). Os valores estimados de energia digestível (kcal ED/kg MS) e proteína digestível (%PD/MS) foram, respectivamente, para o feno de alfafa: 2285,27 e 16,04; feno das folhas de rami: 1857,88 e 16,37; feno das folhas de amoreira: 2838,48 e 15,12 e feno do terço superior da mandioca: 2155,55 e 10,57.

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Ungerfeld, R. "Seasonal reproductive patterns and effectiveness as teasers (ram effect) of Corriedale and Milchschaf rams." Animal Production Science 52, no. 11 (2012): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12114.

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The first objective of this study was to compare the seasonal reproductive pattern of Corriedale and Milchschaf rams. Because seasonal patterns were similar, a second objective was to compare the effectiveness of rams from both breeds to induce oestrus in seasonally anoestrous Corriedale ewes using the ram effect. In the first experiment, the seasonal changes of bodyweight, scrotal circumference, testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour towards oestrous ewes (ano-genital sniffing, lateral approaches, flehmen, mount attempts, mounts, and copulation), and semen characteristics (total spermatozoa in the ejaculate, mass motility, and percentage of alive and normal spermatozoa) were recorded during 13 months in five Corriedale and seven Milchschaf rams. All recorded variables changed through the year, with maximum reproductive patterns occurring in summer and autumn. Milchschaf rams were heavier than Corriedale rams, but no difference was observed in their reproductive patterns. Experiment 2 was performed during the non-breeding season with 169 Corriedale and Polwarth mulitparous ewes. All ewes were isolated from the rams so that they could not see, hear or smell them (minimum distance: 1000 m) from Day –40. They were primed over 8 days with an intravaginal sponge impregnated with 50 mg of medroxiprogesterone. Four Corriedale rams were introduced to 83 ewes, and four Milchschaf rams to the remaining 86 ewes at sponge withdrawal, and oestrus was recorded for 5 days. On Day 5, no ewe of the group bred with Milchschaf rams was marked. By contrast, 46 out of 83 (55.4%) of the ewes bred with Corriedale rams were marked (P < 0.0001). It was concluded that reproductive seasonal pattern of Corriedale and Milchschaf rams, including scrotal circumference, testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour and semen characteristics, was similar. However, Corriedale rams were more effective than Milchschaf rams in inducing oestrus in anoestrus ewes (the ram effect).

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Auchter, Marc, Annette Arndt, and Bernhard J. Eikmanns. "Dual transcriptional control of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene ald of Corynebacterium glutamicum by RamA and RamB." Journal of Biotechnology 140, no. 1-2 (2009): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.10.012.

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Aleksandrowicz, Joanna. "Czerwień i chłód – Żony i konkubiny Su Tonga i Zawieście czerwone latarnie Zhanga Yimou." Media - Kultura - Komunikacja Społeczna 4, no. 15 (2020): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/mkks.6244.

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W artykule przedstawiono strategie adaptacyjne zastosowane przez Zhanga Yimou w filmie Zawieście czerwone latarnie (1991), opartym na opowiadaniu Su Tonga Żony i konkubiny. Kluczową dla filmu grę pomiędzy tym, co pokazane, a tym, co ukryte autorka analizuje w kontekście pojęcia pustki w estetyce Wschodu oraz kompozycyjnej ramy wykorzystanej w scenografii i w strukturach narracyjnych. Specyficzną ramę tworzy także rytmizacja fabuły poprzez cykl pór roku oraz codzienne rytuały wypełniające życie bohaterów. Rytualizacja łączy się z motywem gry, pojawiającym się zarówno w filmie, jak i w noweli. Celem analizy jest ukazanie, w jaki sposób, dzięki niewielkiemu przeniesieniu akcentów, ta – w gruncie rzeczy bardzo wierna wobec pierwowzoru ‒ adaptacja nabiera nowych znaczeń i otwiera się na odmienne interpretacje. Mimo konkretnych aluzji politycznych wpisanych w dzieło Zhanga Yimou pełna niedopowiedzeń narracja umożliwia też odczytywanie filmu w kategoriach uniwersalnych.

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Maiorano, G., R. J. McCormick, R. A. Field, and G. D. Snowder. "Collagen characteristics of skin, fell, and epimysium from rams, wethers, and zeranol-implanted ram lambs." Journal of Animal Science 73, no. 2 (1995): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1995.732393x.

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Murray, William M., Larrie D. Ferreiro, John Vardalas, and Jeffrey G. Royal. "Cutwaters Before Rams: an experimental investigation into the origins and development of the waterline ram." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 46, no. 1 (2016): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1095-9270.12209.

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Ramos, M. A., and R. Ungerfeld. "A note on ram preference by oestrous ewes: Influence of rams’ age and sexual performance." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 100, no. 3-4 (2006): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.11.011.

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Miao, Minhui, Wei Cao, Hongxia Wang, et al. "ramR is not involved in the regulation of ramA associated antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi." Microbial Pathogenesis 111 (October 2017): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.052.

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Piddock, Laura J. V. "The 2019 Garrod Lecture: MDR efflux in Gram-negative bacteria—how understanding resistance led to a new tool for drug discovery." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 11 (2019): 3128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz370.

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Abstract The AcrAB-TolC MDR efflux system confers intrinsic MDR and overproduction confers clinically relevant resistance to some antibiotics active against Gram-negative bacteria. The system is made up of three components, namely AcrA, AcrB and TolC, otherwise known as the AcrAB-TolC tripartite system. Inactivation or deletion of a gene encoding one of the constituent proteins, or substitution of a single amino acid in the efflux pump component AcrB that results in loss of efflux function, confers increased antibiotic susceptibility. Clinically relevant resistance can be mediated by a mutation in acrB that changes the way AcrB substrates are transported. However, it is more common that resistant clinical and veterinary isolates overproduce the AcrAB-TolC MDR efflux system. This is due to mutations in genes such as marR and ramR that encode repressors of transcription factors (MarA and RamA, respectively) that when produced activate expression of the acrAB and tolC genes thereby increasing efflux. The Lon protease degrades MarA and RamA to return the level of efflux to that of the WT. Furthermore, the levels of AcrAB-TolC are regulated by CsrA. Studies with fluorescent reporters that report levels of acrAB and regulatory factors allowed the development of a new tool for discovering efflux inhibitors. Screens of the Prestwick Chemical Library and a large library from a collaborating pharmaceutical company have generated a number of candidate compounds for further research.

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Shaaban, Khaled, Muhammad Asif Khan, and Ridha Hamila. "Effect of Distance between Ramp and Upstream Signal on Ramp Meter Operation." International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Management 02, no. 02 (2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/jttm.02.02.006.

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Ramp metering is typically proposed as a responsive strategy that takes freeway traffic parameters as control inputs to the ramp control logic. Such a strategy can be implemented in two ways; isolated ramp control or coordinated ramp control. Coordinated ramp control typically involves the cooperation between several ramp meters connected to a freeway segment to manage traffic on the freeway and traffic all ramps. Few studies also proposed the coordination between the on-ramp and the upstream traffic signal. Such coordination can help to mitigate congestion on the freeway and to avoid queue formation at the on-ramp. In this study, the authors' previous work on ramp metering and upstream signal coordination was extended to further evaluate the performance of such schemes by considering the impact of the distance between the upstream traffic signal and freeway. Extensive simulations in SUMO were performed to evaluate the benefit of the proposed coordinated strategy and the impact of ramp distance on the effectiveness of such coordination.

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41

Cushwa, W. T., G. E. Bradford, G. H. Stabenfeldt, Y. M. Berger, and M. R. Dally. "Ram influence on ovarian and sexual activity in anestrous ewes: effects of isolation of ewes from rams before joining and date of ram introduction." Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 4 (1992): 1195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1992.7041195x.

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42

Demchenko, Maxim B. "RAM-RASIKS OF AYODHYA: GENDER PROBLEM IN POETICAL MYSTICISM AND IN WORSHIP OF SITA AND RAMA." Studia Religiosa Rossica: Russian Journal of Religion, no. 3 (2019): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-4158-2019-3-50-67.

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43

Ungerfeld, Rodolfo, Neftali Clemente, Lorena Bonjour, and Agustin Orihuela. "Equine chorionic gonadotrophin administration to rams improves their effectiveness to stimulate anoestrous ewes (the “ram effect”)." Animal Reproduction Science 149, no. 3-4 (2014): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.07.004.

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Maquivar, Martin G., Sarah M. Smith, and Jan R. Busboom. "Reproductive Management of Rams and Ram Lambs during the Pre-Breeding Season in US Sheep Farms." Animals 11, no. 9 (2021): 2503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092503.

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In sheep farms, achieving economic and productive efficiency and sustainability goals is directly related with the reproductive management of the animals. Genetically, the male contribution to the offspring is 50%, but in practical terms, there is a greater potential impact of the ram on reproductive results, because one male has the potential to affect a large group of females and therefore greatly affects the entire flock. Unfortunately, the selection of males for breeding in the US sheep industry has been traditionally conducted based on phenotypical traits, without a genetic/reproductive evaluation, and/or health assessment or records. Therefore, it is important to establish integrative management practices to select the rams and ram lambs to be used in the breeding season. Among these practices are genomic testing, a comprehensive breeding soundness evaluation and assessment of health status and records of the males before the breeding season, to detect and correct potential issues.

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Hawken, P. A. R., and A. P. Beard. "Ram novelty and the duration of ram exposure affects the distribution of mating in ewes exposed to rams during the transition into the breeding season." Animal Reproduction Science 111, no. 2-4 (2009): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.009.

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Bi, Chongguang, and Guoliang Xing. "RAMT." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 3, no. 2 (2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3328909.

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Park, Hyunjung, Robert Ikeda, and Jennifer Widom. "RAMP." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 4, no. 12 (2011): 1351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3402755.3402768.

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Brüss, Carina. "Rama." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 26 (2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-26-062.

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Tomé, Helbert. "Taquicardia por reentrada ramo a ramo." REVISTA LATINO-AMERICANA DE ARRITMIA E ESTIMULAÇÃO CARDÍACA 31, no. 2 (2018): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24207/1983-5558v31.2-005.

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Kilian, Krzysztof J. "Światopoglądowy i ideologiczny wymiar epistemicznych układów odniesienia a teistyczno-naturalistyczny epistemiczny układ odniesienia." Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy 15 (May 25, 2021): 139–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.53763/fag.2018.15.151.

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Artykuł ten wyjaśnia, na czym polega światopoglądowe i ideologiczne zaangażowanie EUO. Wskazuje też na światopoglądowe i ideologiczne składniki EUO. Pokazane też zostanie, że ideologiczno-światopoglądowy konflikt między odmiennymi EUO prowadzi do, zachodzącej już, zmiany oblicza zachodniej cywilizacji. Na tym tle przedstawiony jest teizm naturalistyczny. Uprzednio omówione EUO tworzą poznawcze ramy dla uprawiania nauki. Zaś naturalistyczny teizm jest takim EUO, który tworzy również inną, specyficzną, światopoglądową ramę uprawiania nauki. Dzięki niej ma być możliwe zażegnanie kryzysu wiary wśród ludzi wykształconych, w szczególności naukowców. Kryzys ten jest następstwem niezgodności tradycyjnego teistycznego oraz współczesnego naukowego opisu świata. Teizm naturalistyczny ma być też udaną próbą obrony cywilizacji chrześcijańskiej przed próbami przekształcenia jej w cywilizację postchrześcijańską. Obrona ta odbywać ma się drogą pogodzenia obrazu świata współczesnego przyrodoznawstwa z teizmem chrześcijańskim. Zarówno zażegnanie kryzysu wiary, jak i godzenie obrazu świata przyrodoznawstwa z teistycznym obrazem świata odbywa się drogą „umiejętnego czytania” ksiąg Pisma Świętego. Zaś takie „czytanie” ma olbrzymie koszty światopoglądowe i epistemiczne.

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Journal articles on the topic 'RaMV'

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