Relevant bibliographies by topics / Randomized block design

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Randomized block design'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Karaagaoglu, Ergun. "An Experimental Design Technique: Randomized Block Design." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 38, no. 1 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/tjb.2013.04796.

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Kushwaha, Ujjawal Kumar Singh. "Characterization and Evaluation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes in Randomized Complete Block Design." Journal of Environmental Science and Allied Research 2, no. 1 (2019): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29199/2637-7063/esar-201020.

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Shieh, Gwowen, and Show-Li Jan. "The effectiveness of randomized complete block design." Statistica Neerlandica 58, no. 1 (2004): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0039-0402.2003.00109.x.

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Gezan, Salvador A., Dudley A. Huber, and Timothy L. White. "Post hoc blocking to improve heritability and precision of best linear unbiased genetic predictions." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 9 (2006): 2141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-112.

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Single-site clonal trials were simulated with a total of 256 clones "planted" in single-tree plots with three different environmental patterns: only patches (PATCH), only gradients (GRAD), and both components (ALL). Several simulated experimental designs were analyzed (a randomized complete block design; incomplete block designs with 4, 8, 16, and 32 incomplete blocks; and a row-column design) and compared with post hoc blocking of the same designs over a randomized complete block. Additionally, two more incomplete block designs (64 and 128 blocks) were superimposed after the fact to examine extremely small blocks. To select the best fit, the performance of the log-likelihood and mean standard error of the difference (SED) were studied and compared with mean individual broad-sense heritability. Improvement in statistical efficiency (or precision) were obtained with little effort using post hoc blocking. The results from post hoc blocking were promising with negligible differences compared with predesigned local control. The post hoc best designs were row-column (for ALL and PATCH) and incomplete block with eight blocks (for GRAD). Also, mean correlation between the true and predicted values (CORR) showed a reduction in efficiency for extremely small blocks, but no reduction in the genetic variance was noted as the size of the block decreased. Both of the criteria for model selection (log-likelihood and SED) showed similar trend to mean CORR, and their use is recommended.
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Shiraishi, Taka-Aki. "Studentized robust statistics in multivariate randomized block design." Journal of Nonparametric Statistics 10, no. 1 (1998): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10485259808832755.

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Basford, K. E., and G. J. McLachlan. "Cluster analysis in a randomized complete block design." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 14, no. 2 (1985): 451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928508828924.

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Das, Rabindra Nath, and Jeong-Soo Park. "A Reinforced Randomized Block Design with Correlated Errors." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 43, no. 1 (2013): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2011.650272.

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Gumpertz, M. L., and C. Brownie. "Repeated measures in randomized block and split-plot experiments." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 4 (1993): 625–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-083.

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Randomized block and split-plot designs are among the most commonly used experimental designs in forest research. Measurements for plots in a block (or subplots in a whole plot) are correlated with each other, and these correlations must be taken into account when analyzing repeated-measures data from blocked designs. The analysis is similar to repeated-measures analysis for a completely randomized design, but test statistics must allow for random block × time effects, and standard errors for treatment means must also incorporate block to block variation and variation among plots within a block. Two types of statistical analysis are often recommended for repeated-measures data: analysis of contrasts of the repeated factor and multivariate analysis of variance. A complete analysis of repeated measures should usually contain both of these components, just as in univariate analysis of variance it is often necessary to decompose the main effects into single degree of freedom contrasts to answer the research objectives. We demonstrate the multivariate analysis of variance and the analysis of contrasts in detail for two experiments. In addition, estimation of coefficients assuming a polynomial growth curve is discussed in detail for one of these experiments. The first experiment, a randomized complete block design, is a forest nutrition study of the long-term effects of midrotation nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.); the second experiment, a split-plot design, is an air-pollution study of the effects of ozone and acid precipitation on loblolly pine growth.
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Kashif, M., M. I. Khan, M. Arif, M. Anwer, and M. Ijaz. "Efficiency of Alpha Lattice Design in Rice Field Trials in Pakistan." Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 1 (2010): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i1.4773.

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Two rice trials were conducted from 2005 to 2006 in rice research institute, Kala Shah Kako Pakistan to evaluate the efficiency of alpha lattice design in field experiments. The average standard error of difference between genotypes mean is used to calculate relative efficiency of alpha lattice design. Both experiments clearly identified the advantages of small blocks. The average gain in efficiency was 119% with maximum 128%. Mean ranks comparison for both randomized complete block and alpha lattice design were performed. It was observed that the ranks were not constant across the experiments. The results emphasize that the traditional randomized complete block designs (RCBD) should be replaced by alpha lattice in the agricultural field experiments when number of varieties to be tested in an experiment increases to more than five or ten. In such a situation finding a homogeneous block is quite difficult in field experiments.Keywords: Rice; Alpha lattice design; RCBD; Pakistan.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.4773 J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 91-95 (2011)
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Kang, Yuhyang, and Dongjae Kim. "Nonparametric Method for Ordered Alternative in Randomized Block Design." Korean Journal of Applied Statistics 27, no. 1 (2014): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.061.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Osafo, Mamfe. "Nonparametric Test for Nondecreasing Order Alternatives in Randomized Complete Block and Balanced Incomplete Block Mixed Design." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31936.

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Nonparametric tests are used to test hypotheses when the data at hand violate one or more of the assumptions for parametric tests procedures. The test is an ordered alternative (nondecreasing) when there is prior information about the data. It assumes that the underlying distributions are of the same type and therefore differ in location. For example, in dose-response studies, animals are assigned to k groups corresponding to k doses of an experimental drug. The effect of the drug on the animals is likely to increase or decrease with increasing doses. In this case, the ordered alternative is appropriate for the study. In this paper, we propose eight new nonparametric tests useful for testing against nondecreasing order alternatives for a mixed design involving randomized complete block and balanced incomplete block design. These tests involve various modifications of the Jonckheere-Terpstra test (Jonckheere(1952), Terpstra(1954)) and Alvo and Cabilio’s test (1995). Three, four and five treatments were considered with different location parameters under different scenarios. For three and four treatments, 6,12, and 18 blocks were used for the simulation, while 10, 20, and 30 blocks were used for five treatments. Different tests performed best under different block combinations, but overall the standardized last for Alvo outperformed the other test when the number of treatments and number of missing observations per block increases. A simulation study was conducted comparing the powers of the various modification of Jonckheere-Terpstra (Jonckheere(1952), Terpstra(1954)) and Alvo and Cabilio’s (1995) tests under different scenarios. Recommendations are made.
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Hemmer, Michael Toshiro. "Nonparametric Test for the Umbrella Alternative in a Randomized Complete Block and Balanced Incomplete Block Mixed Design." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26696.

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Nonparametric tests have served as robust alternatives to traditional statistical tests with rigid underlying assumptions. If a researcher expects the treatment effects to follow an umbrella alternative, then the test developed in this research will be applicable in the Balanced Incomplete Block Design (Hemmer’s test). It is hypothesized that Hemmer’s test will prove to be more powerful than the Durbin test when the umbrella alternative is true. A mixed design consisting of a Balanced Incomplete Block Design and a Randomized Complete Block Design will also be considered, where two additional test statistics are developed for the umbrella alternative. Monte Carlo simulation studies were conducted using SAS to estimate powers. Various underlying distributions were used with 3, 4, and 5 treatments, and a variety of peaks and mean parameter values. For the mixed design, different ratios of complete to incomplete blocks were considered. Recommendations are given.
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Ndungu, Alfred Mungai. "Nonparametric Tests for the Non-Decreasing and Alternative Hypotheses for the Incomplete Block and Completely Randomized Mixed Design." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27376.

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This research study proposes a solution to deal with missing observations which is a common problem in real world datasets. A nonparametric approach is used because of its ease of use relative to the parametric approach that beleaguer the user with firm assumptions. The study assumes data is in an Incomplete Block (IBD) and Completely Randomized (CRD) Mixed Design. The scope of this research was limited to three, four and five treatments. Mersenne - Twister (2014) simulations were used to vary the design and to estimate the test statistic powers. Two test statistics are proposed if the user expects a non – decreasing order of differences in treatment means. They are both applicable in the cited mixed design. The tests combine Alvo and Cabilio (1995) and Jonckheere – Terpstra ((Jonckheere (1954), Terpstra (1952)) in two ways: standardizing the sum of the standardized statistics and standardizing the sum of the unstandardized statistics. Results showed that the former is better. Three tests are proposed for the umbrella alternative. The first, Mungai’s test, is only applicable in an IBD. The other two tests combine Mungai’s and Mack – Wolfe (1981) using the same methods described in the previous paragraph. The same conclusion holds except when the size of the IBD’s sample was equal to or greater than a quarter that of the CRD.
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Cerniglia, Andrew J. "The deliberate practice of procedural nursing skills: Effects of block-random sequencing on long-term retention." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1573243637786433.

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Tomaz, Pamela Kerlyane. "Altura de planta como estratégia de colheita do capim mombaça para ensilagem associada ou não a diferentes combinações de aditivos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152489.

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Submitted by Pamela Kerlyane Tomaz null (pamelazootecnia@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-16T05:14:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Pamela Kerlyane Tomaz.pdf: 1107969 bytes, checksum: 85d3dacd9e6039ed40d1831958783f96 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-01-16T10:22:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tomaz_pk_me_ilha.pdf: 1107969 bytes, checksum: 85d3dacd9e6039ed40d1831958783f96 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-16T10:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tomaz_pk_me_ilha.pdf: 1107969 bytes, checksum: 85d3dacd9e6039ed40d1831958783f96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-11<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A altura da planta apresenta uma alta correlação com a estrutura do pasto. Por esta razão, levar em consideração a altura da pastagem tem sido uma estratégia muito melhor no gerenciamento rotativo de estocagem em pastagens tropicais do que considerando dias predefinidos de crescimento. Da mesma forma, a altura da pastagem pode ser usada para determinar o momento em que as gramíneas tropicais apresentam os melhores parâmetros de ensilabilidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a altura de crescimento máximo da planta de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça (Capim Mombaça) que fornece a maior capacidade de fermentação (CF) e definir a combinação de aditivos que melhora a composição química da silagem. Dois experimentos foram realizados em Selvíria, MS, Brasil, de 2015 a 2016. O primeiro ano foi usado para identificar a CF mais alta e o segundo ano foi usado para identificar a melhor combinação de oito aditivos (polpa cítrica (PC), homo e heterofermentativo LAB, suas combinações e controle). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com SAS (P <0,05) e um contraste foi definido como silagem com PC versus silagem sem PC. A altura de 130 cm resultou na maior CF (31,01). As silagens inoculadas com PC apresentaram melhor qualidade do que as silagens sem PC, devido à alta proteína bruta (8,3 vs. 7,3% MS), recuperação de MS (98,6 vs. 93,3% MS) e baixo valores de pH (3,92 vs. 4,91) e NH3-N (2,49 vs. 14,73% de N total). A altura da planta é um parâmetro consistente para determinar o tempo de ensilagem do Capim Mombaça e a inclusão do PC é necessária para aumentar a qualidade da silagem.<br>The sward height presents a high correlation with the pasture sward structure. For this reason, taking the sward height into account has been a much better strategy in rotational stocking management in tropical grasslands than considering predefined days of growth. Similarly, the sward height could be used to determine the moment when the tropical grasses present the best ensilability parameters. This study aimed to identify the sward height of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça (Guinea grass) that provides the highest fermentability coefficient (FC) and to define the combination of additives that improves the chemical composition of silage. Two trials were carried out in Selvíria, MS, Brazil from 2015 to 2016. The first year was used to identify the highest FC and the second year was used to identify the best combination of eight additives [citrus pulp (CIP), homo and heterofermentative LAB, their combinations, and control]. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS (P < 0.05) and one contrast was defined as silage with CIP versus silage without CIP. The height of 130 cm resulted in the highest FC (31.01). Silages inoculated with CIP had a better quality than silages without CIP, due to the high crude protein (8.3 vs. 7.3 % DM), DM recovery (98.6 vs. 93.3 % DM), and the low pH (3.92 vs. 4.91), and NH3-N values (2.49 vs. 14.73 % total N). The sward height is a consistent parameter to determine the time of ensiling Guinea grass and the inclusion of CIP is necessary to raise the silage quality.<br>FAPESP: 2014/10356-0
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Eatwell, Karen Anne. "Remediation of instability in Best Linear Unbiased Prediction." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40245.

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In most breeding programmes breeders use phenotypic data obtained in breeding trials to rank the performance of the parents or progeny on pre-selected performance criteria. Through this ranking the best candidates are identified and selected for breeding or production purposes. Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP), is an efficient selection method to use, combining information into a single index. Unbalanced or messy data is frequently found in tree breeding trial data. Trial individuals are related and a degree of correlation is expected between individuals over sites, which can lead to collinearity in the data which may lead to instability in certain selection models. A high degree of collinearity may cause problems and adversely affect the prediction of the breeding values in a BLUP selection index. Simulation studies have highlighted that instability is a concern and needs to be investigated in experimental data. The occurrence of instability, relating to collinearity, in BLUP of tree breeding data and possible methods to deal with it were investigated in this study. Case study data from 39 forestry breeding trials (three generations) of Eucalyptus grandis and 20 trials of Pinus patula (two generations) were used. A series of BLUP predictions (rankings) using three selection traits and 10 economic weighting sets were made. Backward and forward prediction models with three different matrix inversion techniques (singular value decomposition, Gaussian elimination - partial and full pivoting) and an adapted ridge regression technique were used in calculating BLUP indices. A Delphi and Clipper version of the same BLUP programme which run with different computational numerical precision were used and compared. Predicted breeding values (forward prediction) were determined in the F1 and F2 E. grandis trials and F1 P. patula trials and realised breeding performance (backward prediction) was determined in the F2 and F3 E. grandis trials and F2 P. patula trials. The accuracy (correlation between the predicted breeding values and realised breeding performance) was estimated in order to assess the efficiency of the predictions and evaluate the different matrix inversion methods. The magnitude of the accuracy (correlations) was found to mostly be of acceptable magnitude when compared to the heritability of the compound weighted trait in the F1F2 E. grandis scenarios. Realised genetic gains were also calculated for each method used. Instability was observed in both E. grandis and P. patula breeding data in the study, and this may cause a significant loss in realised genetic gains. Instability can be identified by examining the matrix calculated from the product of the phenotypic covariance matrix with its inverse, for deviations from the expected identity pattern. Results of this study indicate that it may not always be optimal to use a higher numerical precision programme when there is collinearity in the data and instability in the matrix calculations. In some cases, where there is a large amount of collinearity, the use of a higher precision programme for BLUP calculations can significantly increase or decrease the accuracy of the rankings. The different matrix inversion techniques particularly SVD and adapted ridge regression did not perform much better than the full pivoting technique. The study found that it is beneficial to use the full pivoting Gaussian elimination matrix inversion technique in preference to the partial pivoting Gaussian elimination matrix inversion technique for both high and lower numerical precision programmes.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>gm2014<br>Genetics<br>unrestricted
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ZIAO, MENG-PING, and 蕭夢萍. "Combined analysis of two split-split plot design in randomized block layout with correlated errors and unequal number of sub-subtreatment levels." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48715837015769318091.

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Pu-ChunMo and 莫普淳. "Effects of Robot-Assisted Training on the Improvement of the Upper Limb Motor and Activity of Daily Living functions in Patients with Stroke: a Randomized Block Design Study." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6buuk2.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>職能治療學系<br>103<br>Robot-assisted training (RT) is a new strategy which provides to improve stroke patient’s motor functions in the upper extremity (UE). Although some evidences demonstrate that RT could improve UE motor functions, most RT interventions are designed for training the limb movement abilities only without emphasis on the training for ADL functions. To complement this insufficiency, Armeo®Spring is an innovative design which is combined the robotic mechanism with a visual interaction interface. Moreover, to evaluate more detailed and objective information for movement improvements, kinematic parameters were measured by a motion capture system. In this study, the randomized control trial with blocked design was used to compare the performances between RT group and convention OT group (CT group). Eighteen chronic stroke patients, nine in the RT group and nine in the CT group, were recruited in this study. All subjects received the intervention for one hour in every session, 2~3 sessions per week. A complete intervention lasted 4~6 weeks. Researchers evaluated the subject’s performances two times, pre- and post- intervention, during the studying period. The apparatuses and parameters such as Fugl-Myer motion assessment UE part (FMA), Bathel Index (BI), Manual Ability Measure (MAM) and parameters of kinematics, e.g. movement time, movement unit, path ratio and arm-trunk coordination, were used in the experiment. The results showed the FMA in the RT group had significant improvement but not in the CT group. In addition, the results of the BI and MAM did not find the significant difference between pre- and post-intervention in both groups. Most kinematic parameters did not find the significant improvement after intervention. In conclusions, this study showed that the robot-assisted training helps stroke patients improve their UE motor function after receiving a12-hours intervention. In the future, a larger sample size and longer follow-up study should be considered and carried out for establishing more concrete evidence.
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Xu, Hai. "Structural Modeling and Analysis of Structures in Aorta Images." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9779.

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Morphology change analysis of aorta images acquired from biological experiments plays a critical role in exploring the relationship between lamina thickness (LT), interlamellar distance (ILD) and fragmentation (furcation points) with respect to pathological conditions. An automated software tool now is available to extract elastic laminae (EL) and measure LT, ILD and fragmentation along their ridge lines in a fine detailed aspect. A statistical randomized complete block design (RCBD) and F-test were used to assess potential (non)-uniformity of LT and ILD along both radial and circumferential directions. Illustrative results for both normotensive and hypertensive thoracic porcine aorta revealed marked heterogeneity along the radial direction in nearly stress-free samples. Quantifying furcation point densities were also found that can offer new information about potential elastin fragmentation, particularly in response to increased loading due to hypertension. Furthermore, when biological scientists analyze the elastic lamina structure, how to automatically generate a macro-level geometric parameter mapping might greatly help them understand the over-all morphology changes of blood vessel cross section. In this dissertation, another automated system is designed to quickly locate more pronounced EL branches to construct layer level abstraction of LT/ILD measurements and transform the sparse pixel level information to dense normalized Virtual Layer Matrix (VLM). The system can automatically compute the EL orientations, identify pronounced ELs, transform the denoised LT measurement points onto a VLM and then provide statistics/segmentation analysis. By applying the k-means segmentation technique to VLMs of LT-ILD, one can easily delineate regions of normal vs. hypertrophic and/or hyperplasia LT-ILD measurements for cross-image references.
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Books on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Rasch, Dieter. The Design and Analysis of Experiments and Surveys: 2nd Edition. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2007.

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Longmate, Jeffrey A. Analysis of enumerative data in randomized block designs. 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Saville, David J., and Graham R. Wood. "Randomized Block Design." In Springer Texts in Statistics. Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0971-3_12.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Randomized Block Design." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15343.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Randomized Complete Block Design." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15344.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Completely Randomized Block Design." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15184.

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Lawal, Bayo. "The Randomized Complete Block Design." In Applied Statistical Methods in Agriculture, Health and Life Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05555-8_11.

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Durner, Edward F. "The randomized complete block design." In Applied plant science experimental design and statistical analysis using the SAS® OnDemand for Academics. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249927.0012.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on randomized complete block design (RCBD). The RCBD can be simple, holding several levels of a single treatment, or complex, holding a complicated factorial. Field experiments may be blocked due to an observed or potential gradient in the field where the experiment will be performed. The yield of four lettuce cultivars was used as an example.
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Das, Premadhis, Ganesh Dutta, Nripes Kumar Mandal, and Bikas Kumar Sinha. "OCDs in Randomized Block Design Set-Up." In Optimal Covariate Designs. Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2461-7_3.

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Hayoz, Stefanie, and Jürg Hüsler. "Nonparametric Location Estimators in the Randomized Complete Block Design." In Modern Nonparametric, Robust and Multivariate Methods. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22404-6_4.

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Corain, Livio, and Luigi Salmaso. "Nonparametric tests for the randomized complete block design with ordered categorical variables." In Contributions to Statistics. Physica-Verlag HD, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2385-1_11.

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Makowski, David, François Piraux, and François Brun. "Analysis of a Network of Randomized Complete Block Design Experiments with One Factor." In From Experimental Network to Meta-analysis. Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1696-1_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Verde, Francesco. "Design of randomized space-time block codes for amplify-and-forward cooperative relaying." In 2012 5th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217823.

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Sirikasemsuk, Kittiwat, Kanogkan Leerojanaprapa, and Sirisak Sirikasemsuk. "Regression sum of squares of randomized complete block design with one unrecorded observation." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST’18). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5055538.

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Roehl, Steve R., Richard Horsley, and Osten Tvedt. "Use of a randomized nested block design in genetically modified, non-selective herbicide resistant sugarbeet hybrid testing." In American Society of Sugar Beet Technologist. ASSBT, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2007.27.

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Dughmi, Shaddin, and Tim Roughgarden. "Black-Box Randomized Reductions in Algorithmic Mechanism Design." In 2010 IEEE 51st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/focs.2010.79.

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Aninkan, Anjola S., and Eyitayo A. Makinde. "Fertilizer Rate for Optimum Growth and Yield of Egusi Melon (ColocynthiscitrullusL.)/ Hot Pepper (Capsicum chinense, Jackquin cv. rodo) Intercrop." In International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2021.005.

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The use of chemical fertilizers as a supplemental source of nutrients has been on the increase but they are not applied in balanced proportion by most farmers [1]. Also, fertilizer requirements of the mixed intercropping systems have been a matter of conjecture; some studies had suggested that fertilizer requirements of the dominant component be applied [2], others recommend that the sum of the sole crop requirements, be applied [3]. Teriah [4], however, stated that both practices have proved either inadequate or wasteful. In this experiment the effects of different rates of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer application on growth and yield of hot pepper and Egusi melon in an intercropping system was examined to determine optimum rate for production. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, in the south western part of Nigeria. It took place from March to October 2017 during the growing season. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments (fertilizer rates) and 3 replicates. Treatments were; 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15 applications. Plot size was 3m by 3m with a 1.5m gang way round each plot to reduce inter-plot effect. Data were collected on growth parameters at 6 weeks after treatment (WAT) and continued at two-week intervals until 10 WAT. Four plants each of pepper and Egusi melon from the inner rows were randomly selected and tagged for the purpose of data collection. Data on yield were also collected at ripening. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on each observation and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used for means separation (P≤0.05). The effects of fertilizer rates showed significant difference on pepper plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and leaf area. However, there was no significant difference in the effect of fertilizer rate on days to 50% flowering of pepper. Number of vines and vine length of Egusi melon were significantly different in their responses to fertilizer rates but the leaf area and days to 50% flowering of melon were similar at the various treatment levels. Meanwhile, total fruit yield of pepper, number of Egusi melon pods per hectare and the dry matter yield of Egusi melon showed significant difference. It was concluded from the study that the growth and yield of pepper and Egusi melon in intercrop increased with increase in fertilizer rate up to 400Kg/ha of NPK (15:15:15). However, higher fertilizer application rates should be explored in future studies for a better yield increase. These studies should be carried out with various compositions of inorganic and organic fertilizer application rates to ensure sustainable fertilizer application and to also preserve the natural fertility of the soil.
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Nathan, Arjun, Monty Fricker, Aqua Asif, et al. "Virtual interactive surgical skills classroom (VIRTUAL): a parallel-designed, non-inferiority, adjudicator-blinded, randomised controlled trial." In VIRTUAL ACADEMIC SURGERY CONFERENCE 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.04.001.8.

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Introduction Virtual classroom training (VCT) is a novel educational method that permits accessible, distanced interactive expert instruction. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of VCT in comparison to face-to-face training (FFT) and non-interactive computer-based learning (CBL) for basic surgical skills training. Methods 72 participants recruited from five London medical schools underwent stratified block randomisation into three equal intervention groups based on subjective and objective suturing experience. VCT was delivered via the BARCO weConnect platform and FFT was provided by expert instructors. Optimal student-to-teacher ratio was used, 12:1 for VCT and 4:1 for FFT. The assessed task was interrupted suturing with hand-tied knots. The primary outcome was post-intervention Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) score, adjudicated by two blinded experts and adjusted for baseline proficiency. Results VCT was non-inferior to FFT (adjusted difference 0.44, 95% CI: -0.54 to 1.75, delta 0.675), VCT was superior to CBL (adjusted difference 1.69, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.96) and FFT was superior to CBL (adjusted difference 1.25, 95% CI 0.20 to 2.29). FFT alone was associated with student travel expenses (mean £4.88, SD 3.70). Instructor hours used per student for VCT and FFT were 0.25 and 0.75, respectively. Conclusion VCT has a similar educational benefit to FFT and is a suitable modality of high-quality surgical skills education. VCT provides greater accessibility and resource efficiency compared to FFT. VCT satisfies the requirement for social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic and is better than non- interactive CBL. VCT has the potential to improve global availability and accessibility of surgical skills training.
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STRAZDINA, Vija, Valentina FETERE, Liga FEODOROVA-FEDOTOVA, Janis JASKO, and Olga TREIKALE. "REACTION OF WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES ON THE YELLOW (STRIPE) RUST PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS, WES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.124.

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Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Wes. is one of the most significant diseases constraint to winter wheat production in the world. Since 2011 in Europe have appeared distinct new races – Warrior, Kranich, Warrior (-) that have caused wide epidemics on different cultivars of wheat. Grain yield losses can be prevented by using a combination of varietal resistance and fungicides. Information on wheat variety susceptibility to local yellow (stripe) rust Puccinia striiformis Wes. races can help to reduce the risk of yield losses in high disease pressure situations. Field trials with eight most popular and perspective winter wheat varieties in Latvia were established in the North-Western part of Latvia (Stende Research Centre) in autumn of 2016. The trial was designed as two randomized complete blocks (treated and untreated) and data were statistically interpreted. Two applications of fungicides at BBCH 29-32 by T1 (prothioconazol 53 g L-1, spiroxamin 224 g L-1, tebucanazole 148 g L-1) and at BBCH 37-39 - T2 (bixafen 65 g L-1, prothioconazol 130 g L-1, fluopyram 65 g L-1- 1.5 L ha-1) were used to control the YR. Yield and 1000 kernel weight (TKW) were determined. Preliminary results indicated the difference between genotypes resistance/susceptibility to YR. The severity of infection level was 1- 80% depending on genotype resistance. Application of fungicides increased grain yield by 2.9 % to 33.0% and TKW by 3.4% - 33.2 % depending on variety. Observations showed the difference in the occurrence of symptoms on YR in different varieties of winter wheat under conditions of 2017 in Stende.
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Finneran, J., M. Swisher, R. Gabriel, et al. "ESRA19-0384 A new suture-method perineural catheter design compared with through-the-needle catheters for continuous popliteal-sciatic nerve blocks: a randomized, observer-masked, controlled, parallel-arm, clinical trial." In Abstracts of the European Society of Regional Anesthesia, September 11–14, 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2019-esraabs2019.365.

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Reports on the topic "Randomized block design"

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Amzeri, Achmad, Kaswan Badami, and Gita Pawana. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.). Innovative Scientific Information & Services Network, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2019.1.

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Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.
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Amzeri, Achmad, B. S. DARYONO, and M. SYAFII. GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT AND STABILITY ANALYSES OF DRYLAND MAIZE HYBRIDS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.2.

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The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P &lt; 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi &gt; 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.
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Badami, Kaswan, Budi Setiadi Daryono, Achmad Amzeri, and Syaiful Khoiri. COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROTIC STUDIES ON HYBRID MELON (Cucumis melo L.) POPULATIONS FOR FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.3.

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In different crop plants, combining ability and heterosis are used as important diagnostic tools for assessing the performance of parental genotypes and their hybrids. This research aimed to evaluate heterotic and combining ability effects in the diallel crosses of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for yield- and quality-related traits. Seven melon (C. melo L.) genotypes were grown and crossed in a complete diallel fashion to produce F1 hybrids. During the 2019 crop season, 49 melon genotypes (7 parents + 42 F1 hybrids) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were made for seven characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the melon genotypes for harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit diameter and merely significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were significant for fruit diameter but were nonsignificant for all other traits. However, mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits. The parental genotypes PK-165, PK-464, and PK-669 exhibited the highest and desirable GCA effects for yield and quality traits. Hence, these genotypes could be used to generate high-yielding hybrid/open-pollinated cultivars. GCA:SCA ratios further revealed that the traits of harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit weight were controlled by dominant gene action, whereas fruit diameter was managed by additive and dominant genes. The majority of the traits were controlled by nonadditive gene action, verifying that the said breeding material could be efficiently used for the production of hybrid cultivars on the basis of heterotic effects.
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