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Möller, Hans. "Isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults : a randomized controlled trial /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3834-2/.
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Doiron, Jason. "Prevention of pathological gambling a randomized controlled trial /." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?NR25497.
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Wong, Ho-hang Anthony. "A randomized controlled trial of home tooth-whitening products." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3195439X.
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Bukusi, Elizabeth Anne. "Bacterial vaginosis : a randomized controlled trial to prevent recurrence /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10880.
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Wong, Ho-hang Anthony, and 黃浩行. "A randomized controlled trial of home tooth-whitening products." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195439X.
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Chong, Shing-kan Patrick. "A randomized controlled trial for exercise prescription in general practice." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31970977.
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Baumueller, Eva. "Electromyogram-Biofeedback in Patients with Fibromyalgia A Randomized Controlled Trial." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-109423.
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Hoskins, Eric William. "Edmonson-Zagreb measles vaccine : randomized controlled clinical trial in Sudan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386576.
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Chong, Shing-kan Patrick, and 莊承謹. "A randomized controlled trial for exercise prescription in general practice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970977.
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Hay, Jacqueline. "Physical activity intensity and visceral adiposity: a randomized controlled trial." American Medical Association, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/16315.
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Background: Physical activity (PA) reduces visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in adults; however, the dose to reduce VAT in youth is unclear.
Objective: To examine whether high intensity PA preferentially reduces waist circumference (WC) and VAT compared to lower intensity PA.
Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Participants: Youth were 13-18yrs, overweight, with one additional risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Intervention: 6-months, exercising 3 times/week at a high intensity (70-85% of Heart Rate Reserve HRR), or low intensity (40-55% HRR).
Primary outcome: VAT (cm2) measured by MRI at L4-L5, and WC at the height of the iliac crest (cm).
Results: 94 Youth were randomized to either high intensity (n=30); low intensity (n=32) or control (n=32). Changes in WC and VAT were not significant across groups. A trend towards a reduction in VAT in the training groups, compared to controls was demonstrated in sub-analysis (-14.3 ± 9.6 % vs. +0.01 ± 0.4 %, p= 0.059). Peak fitness increased significantly in both the high and low intensity arms (1.3 ± 0.6 and 1.4 ± 0.6 ml/kg/min, p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Training at 55-65% HRR improves fitness by ~10%, and ~2 days/week elicits modest non-significant reductions in VAT in overweight youth.
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Bockrath, Margaret Feuille. "Mindfulness meditation training for spiritual struggles: A randomized controlled trial." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1445504635.
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Castelein, Stynke. "Guided peer support groups for psychosis a randomized controlled trial /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 2009. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.
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Lee, Eric B. "Telepsychotherapy for the Treatment of Trichotillomania: A Randomized Controlled Trial." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7012.
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Trichotillomania is defined as recurrent pulling of one’s hair that results in distress and negative effects on general functioning and quality of life. Estimates of trichotillomania lifetime prevalence generally range from approximately 1% to 3% and it is likely as common as disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and agoraphobia. Yet, quality treatment for trichotillomania is often difficult to find as many mental health professionals are uninformed about the disorder and its treatment. Moreover, mental health services in general are inaccessible to many with estimates suggesting that 96.5 million people do not have access to adequate services. The use of telepsychology has been an effective method for disseminating treatment services for a variety of mental health conditions. However, no research has examined the effectiveness of telepsychology to treat trichotillomania.
The current study reports the results of a randomized clinical trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Enhanced Behavior Therapy for the treatment of trichotillomania delivered by way of telepsychology. The study compared an active treatment condition (n = 12) to a waitlist control condition (n = 10). Results showed significant reductions in hair pulling severity from pre- to post-treatment compared to the waitlist condition.
Participants in the waitlist condition received the same treatment as participants in the treatment condition following the waitlist period. All participants were then combined to examine overall treatment effects from pre-treatment to a 12-week follow-up. The effect of treatment on hair pulling severity was still significant at follow-up, however the effect was not as strong as at post-treatment. Conversely, the effect on quality of life was maintained and even increased following post-treatment. Additional measures of psychological flexibility, perceived shame, and valued action also saw significant changes from pre-treatment to follow-up. The findings demonstrate that telepsychology is a viable option to disseminate treatment for trichotillomania. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.
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Hill, Ryan M. "Open Trial and Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Program to Reduce Perceived Burdensomeness." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2243.
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To date, suicide prevention programs for adolescents have not demonstrated sustained reductions in suicide-related behaviors and further program development is called for, particularly for the prevention of non-clinical suicide risk. This research utilizes the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide in the development of the LEAP Program, a novel, web-based suicide prevention program targeting reductions in cognitions of perceived burdensomeness. An open trial of the program was conducted to examine the feasibility of the study protocol, generate feedback regarding the LEAP program modules, and refine the program modules. A pilot randomized controlled trial of the program was also conducted to examine participant satisfaction with the intervention and adherence to the intervention protocol, to test the research protocol, and to provide initial evidence for its efficacy. The open trial consisted of eight adolescents who completed a baseline assessment, received the LEAP intervention, and completed a post-intervention assessment. Results indicated sufficient feasibility of the study protocol and acceptability of the LEAP intervention. The pilot randomized controlled trial consisted of 80 adolescents who were randomly assigned to either the LEAP intervention or a treatment-as-usual control condition. Results indicated that those who completed the LEAP intervention showed significantly reduced perceived burdensomeness scores at post-intervention, as compared to those in the control condition. In addition, those who completed the intervention reported significantly reduced perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and depressive symptom scores at follow-up, as compared to those in the control condition. No significant reductions in suicidal ideation were noted for those who completed the intervention, as compared to those in the control condition. Strengths and weaknesses of the present studies are discussed, and considerations for future research directions are noted.
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Baik, Kyoung deok. "Evaluating Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1435680293.
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Buttner, Melissa Mercedes. "Efficacy of Yoga for Depressed Postpartum Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4825.
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Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant public health issue. Up to 20% of women are affected by depression following childbirth. PPD is associated with anxiety, poor adjustment and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and may lead to a woman's personal suffering, conflict with family members (especially in the relationship with partner) and developmental delays in children. Given the high prevalence of PPD and deleterious effects on both women and their families, adequate treatment is critical. While existing PPD treatments have strong efficacy data, the treatment literature suggests that many depressed postpartum women either do not receive treatment or receive suboptimal care. Further, barriers to care including medication side effects for breastfeeding women, stigma, and treatment preferences influence treatment decision-making. Thus, it may be worthwhile to examine the efficacy of a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatment option for PPD that is associated with minimal risk and consistent with maternal preferences.
The current investigation examined the efficacy of a Gentle Vinyasa Flow yoga intervention for PPD. Fifty-seven postpartum women with a score of ≥12 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups − yoga n = 28) or wait-list control (WLC) ((italic)n(/italic) = 29). The yoga intervention lasted 8 weeks, and consisted of 16 classes taught by a certified yoga instructor in a studio and the recommendation to practice once a week at home with the use of a DVD that included a 30 minute yoga sequence. The primary outcome, depression, was assessed using the clinician-rated HDRS and self-report measures. The HDRS was administered over the telephone by blinded raters at baseline and after 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes were anxiety, postpartum adjustment, and HRQOL, with exploratory outcomes including mindfulness and physical activity. These outcomes were assessed using self-report measures completed on the same schedule as that for the HDRS. Growth curve modeling was used to test the hypotheses that women in the yoga group would experience a significantly greater rate of change over the course of the 8-week intervention on primary and secondary outcome measures, relative to the WLC group. As predicted, controlling for age and social anxiety at baseline, women in the yoga group experienced a greater rate of change in depression and well-being scores over the course of the 8-week intervention. The yoga group also experienced a significantly greater rate of improvement on scores of anxiety, postpartum adjustment, HRQOL, and mindfulness over the 8-week intervention, relative to the control group.
These findings support yoga as a promising CAM intervention for PPD; large-scale replication studies are warranted. The findings also shed light on potential mediator and intervention-relevant variables for future research. Yoga is an acceptable and low-risk treatment option that may have broader clinical implications for the PPD treatment literature, and the field of CAM more generally.
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Gebreselassie, Hailemichael. "Iron supplementation and malaria infection, results of a randomized controlled field trial." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ29944.pdf.
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Rush, Janet Patricia Brown. "A randomized controlled trial of the effects of the bath in labour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/NQ45760.pdf.
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Gebreselassie, Hailemichael. "Iron supplementation and malaria infection : results of a randomized controlled field trial." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42040.
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Iron deficiency anaemia is associated with several ill-health effects. Its treatment and/or control with iron preparations in malaria endemic areas has, however, been implicated to increase host susceptibility to malaria infection. Scientific evidence accumulated to date remains equivocal about the presence of this increased susceptibility. The present work was planned to address the existing controversy by assessing the effect of oral iron supplementation on host susceptibility to malaria infection.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial of oral ferrous sulphate supplementation in schoolchildren 5 to 14 years of age was carried out in northwest Ethiopia where transmission of malaria is high. A total of 500 school children, all with mild-to-moderate iron deficiency, were randomly assigned to receive either ferrous sulphate (60 mg elemental iron per day) or a look-alike placebo, over a period of 12 weeks. Follow-up continued for 24 weeks post-randomization.
Children who received iron supplementation tended to develop more clinical attacks of malaria than those children who received placebo, although the difference between the groups was not statistically significant, either during the initial 12 week supplementation period (RR = 1.59; 95% CI: 0.92-2.75) or during the 24 weeks of follow-up (RR = 1.45; 95% CI: 0.95-2.20). Similarly, a trend of increased risk of malaria infection (parasitemia) was noted in the iron-supplemented group over the 24 week follow-up period (RR = 1.22; 95% CI: 0.98-1.52). No difference in any other outcome measure (spleen rate, average enlarged spleen index, and parasite density index) was observed between the groups either during the 12 weeks of supplementation or the 24 weeks of follow-up.
This study suggests that iron supplementation, in areas where iron deficiency and malaria co-occur, may enhance host susceptibility to malaria infection. Thus, approaches to control or prevent iron deficiency anaemia in malaria endemic areas should be integrated with malaria control activities in order to minimize the unintended effects of malaria infection while providing the greatest benefit.
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Wong, Cheung Ka-lun, and 黃張嘉倫. "A randomized controlled trial of an antenatal intervention to increase exclusive breastfeeding." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208010.
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In Hong Kong, while around 85% of mothers choose to breastfeed their infants, most discontinue within the first one to two months postpartum. This indicates that there is room for improving the current breastfeeding education. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a professional one-to-one antenatal breastfeeding support and education intervention on the exclusivity and duration of breastfeeding.
A total of 469 primiparous women who attended the antenatal clinics of two geographically distributed public hospitals in Hong Kong were randomized to receive either standard antenatal care or a one-to-one antenatal breastfeeding support and education session. The primary outcome was the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at 3 and 6 months postpartum, as well as the overall duration of any and exclusive breastfeeding across the first 6 months postpartum. The study had a least 80% power to detect a 50% increase in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum.
The exclusive breastfeeding rate in the intervention group was 37.8% at 6 weeks postpartum compared with 36.4% in the standard care group (p=0.77; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) -0.08, 0.11). There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in exclusive breastfeeding rates at 3 and 6 months or in in the overall duration of any (Hazard Ratio (HR) =1.11; 95% CI 0.88, 1.40) or exclusive breastfeeding (HR=0.96; 95% CI 0.79, 1.17). In a setting with a high breastfeeding initiation rate, one-to-one antenatal breastfeeding support and education did not increase the exclusivity or duration of breastfeeding.published_or_final_version
Nursing Studies
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Park, Janet. "Randomized controlled trial for stress and anxiety management| biofeedback and mindfulness meditation." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568670.
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The present study investigated the efficacy of two brief intervention programs, biofeedback and mindfulness meditation, on levels of state anxiety and perceived stress in Thai nursing students beginning clinical training. Eighty-nine participants from a public nursing college in Thailand were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups, biofeedback group or mindfulness meditation group, or a control group. All participants were given pre- and post-intervention surveys including demographic information, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State Anxiety Scale), and Perceived Stress Scale. Results indicated that biofeedback significantly reduced anxiety and maintained stress levels in nursing students. Mindfulness meditation similarly reduced anxiety levels while also significantly reducing stress levels. Additionally, the biofeedback group exhibited significant reduction in anxiety levels among the three groups at post-intervention. Despite the stressors and demands nursing students can experience as they begin clinical practice, findings from this study support the effective use of biofeedback and mindfulness meditation interventions to assist nursing students in managing stress and anxiety.
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Cook, Emily Ryland. "Pilot Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Behaviors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41969.
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Background: Low health literacy and increased sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption are two broad public health concerns facing the United States. For example, it is estimated that 90 million Americans have insufficient literacy skills (IOMC, 2004) and low health literacy is associated with poorer health outcomes (Berkman et. al., 2011). Furthermore, SSBs contribute about 80% of added sugars in the diet (Nielsen & Popkin, 2004) and have been associated with poor health outcomes, including obesity, type II diabetes, bone fractures, dental caries, and coronary heart disease. Despite these findings, there is limited research related to how to effectively decrease SSB intake among adults. Additionally, there have been few studies investigating health literacy interventions that target health behaviors in community settings (Allen et.al, 2011).
Objective: As guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and constructs of health literacy, this 5-week, 2-arm randomized controlled pilot trial, used mixed methods to examine the effects of an intervention to decrease SSB (SipSmartER), as compared to a matched-contact control condition targeting physical activity (Move More). The primary aims of this pilot project were to evaluate participantâ s feedback through process and summative evaluation as well as evaulate intervention content and/or delivery through process evaluation by staff tracking for quality improvements. Secondary aims included the assessment of changes in theorized mediating variables and health behaviors among participants.
Methods: Twenty-five participants (mean age = 42±14 years, mean BMI = 34.3±7.5 kg/m2, 19 females, 12 African Americans, 9 (high school education) residing in Roanoke, VA were randomized to either SipSmartER (n=14) or Move More (n=11) to begin the 5-week intervention. Inclusion criteria consisted of participants being 18 years of age or older, English speaking, consuming greater than 200 kcal/day of SSB, and being without medical conditions in which physical activity would be contraindicated. Both 5-week interventions included two interactive small group sessions (Weeks 1 & 5) and three support telephone calls (Weeks 2, 3 & 4). Pre-post data was obtained using previously validated instruments including Beverage Intake Questionnaire (Bev-Q), Theory of Planned Behavior constructs addressing SSB and physical activity, media literacy, subjective numeracy, Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Cateogorical Item (L-CAT), and quality of life. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression models were used in data analysis.
Results: Although SSB consumption decreased more among the SipSmartER participants (-257±622.6 kcal/day) than Move More (-200±404.6 kcal/day) there were no significant group by time differences. However, among all participants, changes in TPB constructs significantly predicted changes in SSB (R2=0.592; F=2.485; p=0.080) and physical activity behaviors (R2=0.621; F=2.813; p=0.056). Participant and staff feedback were very positive, ranging from 4.2-5.0 on a 5-point likert scale that included questions about intervention organization, flow, effectiveness, engagement, and enjoyment. Favorite themes that emerged with SipSmartER participants when asking about small group sessions included, realizing how much sugar is found in SSBs, understanding the health risks associated with drinking too much sugar, realizing how much sugar was being consumed during the day, and learning about better alternatives.
Conclusion: Findings suggest promise for the piloted intervention to reduce SSB consumption through targeted TPB and health literacy strategies. This pilot study has allowed further refinement and execution of a larger trial that includes a larger sample and longer study duration (i.e. 6-months) and follow-up period (i.e. 18-months).Master of Science
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Hanson, Christine. "A Randomized-Controlled Trial of Working Memory Training in Youth with ADHD." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1363969480.
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Alsup, Natalie Marie. "Nitrous Oxide and Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting: A Randomized Controlled Trial." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471210114.
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Lee, Cynthia. "The Effect of Energy Drinks on Cardiovascular Variables: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3635.
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Many studies have investigated the effects of energy drinks on cardiovascular parameters. These studies were typically conducted with high volume (32 ounces) energy drinks and have demonstrated association with QT prolongation and blood pressure elevation after consumption. Currently, there is inconclusive evidence with lower volume energy drinks. This study intends to evaluate the effects of the largest commercially available energy drink can (24 ounces) in the United States on cardiovascular parameters compared with placebo arm. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was conducted over 2 separate days with a minimum of 6-day wash out period. Healthy volunteers between the age of 18 and 40 randomly consumed either a 24 oz energy drink or 24 oz placebo control drink on different days. Subjects were required to fast overnight and refrain from products containing caffeine or alcohol 48 hours prior to each study day. ECG, peripheral and central BP, heart rate, and augmentation index were measured at baseline, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours post-consumption. Primary endpoints were average maximum change of corrected QT (QTc) interval and peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) from baseline. The study enrolled 20 participants with a mean age of 23±5 years. The maximum baseline-adjusted difference of QTc interval was significantly higher in the energy drink arm than the placebo arm (13.68 ± 12.71 vs 4.20 ± 8.80 ms, respectively, p = 0.007). The maximum baseline-adjusted difference of pSBP was significantly higher in the energy drink arm compared to placebo (11.10 ± 5.24 vs 6.08 ± 7.07 mmHg, respectively; p= 0.006). Maximum baseline-adjusted difference of central diastolic BP and systolic and diastolic BP were also statistically significantly higher in the energy drink arm. This study demonstrated that a single, 24-ounce can of an energy drink can significantly prolong the QTc interval and raise pSBP.
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Bill-Axelson, Anna. "Localized Prostate Cancer : Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5737.
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Craft, Emalee, and Rachel Ogumbo. "Use of CONSORT Criteria for Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials in Pharmacy Journals." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623596.
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Class of 2012 AbstractSpecific Aims: To explore whether publishing requirements for human-centered randomized control trials, particularly the CONSORT criteria, have any relationship to impact as measured by the Journal Citation Reports TM Impact Factor. Methods: A worksheet was used to evaluate a methodically selected list of journals, including types of articles published, requirements of authors for human-focused randomized control trials, JCR Impact Factor and other JCR metrics for each specific journal title. A worksheet was filled out for each journal by each member of the research team and answers combined for consensus. Group means and SDs were calculated and the Student’s t-Test applied to values for selected journals. Main Results: 50 candidate pharmacy journals were identified and 41 met the criteria for publishing human-centered randomized control trials. Journals were grouped according to whether they required CONSORT or had other reporting requirements for human RCTs, or had no requirements for such studies. Few (6; 15%) pharmacy journals required authors to use CONSORT; and additional 15 (37%) journals provided as least some author guidelines similar to CONSORT. Pharmacy journals using CONSORT or other guidelines had a higher average impact factor (3.5; SD = 1.5) than did journals without guidelines (2.4; SD = 0.9; p = 0.007). Conclusions: There appears to be a statistical difference in average JCR metrics between journals which require specific RCT guidelines and those which do not. The use of reporting guidelines, such as CONSORT, by pharmacy journals is associated with increased impact as represented by JCR influence measures.
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Flory, Nicole. "A randomized controlled trial comparing the psychosocial outcomes of total and subtotal hysterectomy /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85907.
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In North America, hysterectomy is the most common major surgery for benign non-obstetric reasons (e.g., uterine fibroids, endometriosis, abnormal bleeding) in premenopausal women. Many of these conditions may result in pelvic pain, sexual and psychological difficulties. However, the capacity of hysterectomy to relieve these problems has not been adequately evaluated. Recently, there has been controversy as to whether less invasive surgeries such as subtotal hysterectomy, in which the uterus is removed and the cervix is left intact, are less detrimental than total hysterectomy, in which both the uterus and the cervix are excised.The first part of this thesis consists of a comprehensive review of the literature on the psychosocial outcomes of hysterectomy published within the past 30 years. Controversial theories, empirical studies, and review articles are discussed with regard to sexual, pain, and psychological outcomes. Findings suggest that while hysterectomy results in reduced pain, there are no strong effects on sexual or psychological functioning. Nevertheless, many studies reported adverse psychosocial outcomes in a subgroup of 10-20% of women post-hysterectomy.
The second part of this thesis presents findings from a randomized controlled trial investigating the psychosocial outcomes of total versus subtotal hysterectomy. Premenopausal patients with benign gynecological conditions were randomly assigned to either total hysterectomy, i.e., laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (N=32), or subtotal hysterectomy, i.e., supra-cervical laparoscopic hysterectomy (N=31). In addition, two control groups of premenopausal women undergoing minor gynecological surgery (N=30) and healthy women undergoing no surgery (N=40) were recruited. For the two hysterectomy groups, abdominal pain was significantly reduced post-surgery. There was some evidence for positive effects of hysterectomy on sexual functioning, while psychological functioning did not significantly change. The study indicated that total and subtotal hysterectomy produced equally beneficial outcomes. Although 3-16% of women reported various adverse effects in psychosocial functioning post-hysterectomy, similar percentages of the two control groups reported such changes.
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Menzel, Jessie Erin. "Efficacy of a Dissonance-Based Intervention for Self-Objectification: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4917.
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Self-objectification is the process by which women take on a third-person perspective in evaluating their physical appearance and sexual attributes. Objectification theory states that self-objectification may lead to negative mental health outcomes in women; a growing body of cross-sectional and experimental research supports the connection between self-objectification and the experience of shame, disordered eating, depression, and sexual dysfunction. This study sought to evaluate an intervention designed to reduce self-objectification behaviors and beliefs in order to prevent the development of disordered eating, depression, and sexual dysfunction. An efficacious prevention program using cognitive dissonance induction was adapted to target self-objectification. The efficacy of the self-objectification dissonance intervention was evaluated in comparison to an expressive writing control condition. The self-objectification intervention was also compared to an existing empirically supported cognitive dissonance intervention targeting beliefs regarding the thin-ideal to determine whether or not this intervention provided added benefits in reducing risk factors for disordered eating and depression.
A sample of 119 undergraduate females was recruited to participate in the study. Participants were randomized to one of three conditions: the self-objectification dissonance intervention, the thin-ideal dissonance intervention, or the expressive writing control group. All participants completed a baseline assessment and two intervention sessions over a three week period. One month following the completion of the second intervention session, participants were asked to complete a follow up assessment. Change in target outcome variables from baseline to post-intervention were evaluated using hierarchical linear models. Maintenance of treatment outcomes from post-intervention to 1 month follow up was evaluated using mixed factor analysis of variance.
Results indicated that significant changes in outcome variables (body shame, disordered eating, body satisfaction, depression symptoms, and sexual self-consciousness) and mediating variables (self-surveillance, self-objectification, thin-ideal internalization) were associated with all three groups. The self-objectification dissonance intervention was associated with a greater reduction in self-surveillance compared to the control group but not with the thin-ideal dissonance intervention. For all groups, there were no significant changes in outcome and mediating variables from post-intervention to 1 month follow up. Participants in the self-objectification dissonance intervention, though, did continue to experience a decrease in self-surveillance over the one month follow up period compared to the thin-ideal dissonance group.
Overall, results did not support that a self-objectification dissonance intervention is associated with significant reductions in eating disorder and depression risk factors above and beyond a general expressive writing task and existing intervention programs. These findings suggest that there is limited utility in specifically targeting objectification processes in prevention programs. Implications of study findings for future eating disorder and mental health prevention program designs are discussed.
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Vermöhlen, Vanessa, Petra Schiller, Sabine Schickendantz, Marion Drache, Sabine Hussack, Andreas Gerber-Grote, and Dieter Pöhlau. "Hippotherapy for patients with multiple sclerosis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial (MS-HIPPO)." Sage, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35527.
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Background: Evidence-based complementary treatment options for multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited.
Objective: To investigate the effect of hippotherapy plus standard care versus standard care alone in MS patients.
Methods: A total of 70 adults with MS were recruited in five German centers and randomly allocated to the intervention group (12 weeks of hippotherapy) or the control group. Primary outcome was the change in the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) after 12 weeks, and further outcome measures included fatigue, pain, quality of life, and spasticity.
Results: Covariance analysis of the primary endpoint resulted in a mean difference in BBS change of 2.33 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03–4.63, p = 0.047) between intervention (n = 32) and control (n = 38) groups. Benefit on BBS was largest for the subgroup with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ⩾ 5 (5.1, p = 0.001). Fatigue (−6.8, p = 0.02) and spasticity (−0.9, p = 0.03) improved in the intervention group. The mean difference in change between groups was 12.0 (p < 0.001) in physical health score and 14.4 (p < 0.001) in mental health score of Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQoL-54).
Conclusion: Hippotherapy plus standard care, while below the threshold of a minimal clinically important difference, significantly improved balance and also fatigue, spasticity, and quality of life in MS patients.
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Wallace, Rick L., and Nakia J. Woodward. "All Shook Up: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Best Promote Rural Outreach Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8748.
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Kelley, Joshua Jed. "Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Through Eccentric Exercise after Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7742.
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Purpose: To investigate the effects of eccentric exercise on lower body skeletal muscle mass during rapid body mass loss induced by bariatric surgery. Methods: All participants began 6 to 8 weeks after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in the lower body was measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); additional exercise measurements included muscular strength and functional capacity. Quality of life was measured using Short Form 36 (SF-36). Nineteen females (age = 37.6 ± 9.8 yr, height = 164.4 ± 7.2 cm, mass = 106.9 ± 15.6 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: eccentric exercise (EEX; n = 6), concentric exercise (CEX; n = 7), or standard-of-care control (CON; n = 6). Exercise groups performed 30-minute lower-body exercise sessions 3 times per week for 16 weeks. Each month the exercise tests were evaluated. At the end of 16 weeks, all participants performed the final exercise tests, received a final MRI scan, and completed the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: Thirteen individuals completed the study. All groups lost mass: CON: 21.4 ± 3.7 kg (p < 0.001), CEX: 19.9 ± 4.0 kg (p = 0.001), and EEX: 21.8 ± 3.3 kg (p < 0.001). SMM decreased in all groups: CON: 0.77 ± 0.5 kg (p = 0.18), CEX: 1.19 ± 0.6 kg (p = 0.06), and EEX: 0.90 ± 0.5 kg (p = 0.09). The skeletal muscle loss in percent of total mass loss was 3.7 ± 4.1%. All measures of muscular strength showed no difference, except for a small decrease in dynamic (60°·sec-1) strength in the eccentric group. Functional capacity and physical quality of life increased significantly in all groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: SMM loss still occurred in the lower body regardless of resistance training, but the loss was less than what was previously documented. Improved postsurgical functional capacity and physical quality of life may be due to a reduction in fat mass and maintenance of muscular strength during the period of rapid mass loss.
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Dorais, Stephanie. "The Dynamics Of Resilience In A Centering Meditation: A Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial." W&M ScholarWorks, 2021. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1627407477.
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In use for centuries across nations, meditation is still one of the widely used interventions to promote holistic health. Despite its large research base, many forms of meditation in use still have yet to be subject to empirical research. Centering prayer has been an established contemplative practice since the third century and has recently gained popularity at the turn of the last century. Individuals practiced centering to find stillness and, through the stillness, their inner strength. Due to its lack of empirical evidence, centering practice has primarily remained in religious or contemplative circles outside instead of counseling treatment. Furthermore, it is almost entirely out of the young adult population's knowledge, a generation that has increasingly identified with spirituality over the years. Due to this potential match with the population and other stated needs of the college counseling field for complementary and alternative forms of treatment, the present study aims to test the effectiveness of a centering prayer meditation on resilience in the college population. Further, it seeks to examine the temporal dynamics of resilience during this intervention over four weeks. To address this goal, I conducted a longitudinal randomized controlled trial where university students (n = 150) joined at random a treatment group or a control group. Each group took assessments measuring their resilience, hope, mindfulness, spiritual transcendence, and stress at three points in time with equal intervals of two weeks (T1, T2, and T3). Also, they took a brief assessment of hope every morning and every evening for the duration of the study. At the onset of the study, participants in the treatment group received a brief online introductory training to centering meditation. Afterward, the study procedure requested them to practice centering for 10 minutes every morning and every evening for the study duration. After meditation, they completed their brief assessments of hope, while the control group completed them at the same time without the meditation. This study used two research methods from temporal dynamics, including growth curve modeling and time series analysis. The growth curve model indicated a statistically significant difference in resilience over four weeks between the treatment and control group (p < .05). The 4-week treatment had approximately a moderate within-group effect on the treatment group (d = .48). A subsequent growth curve model indicated that hope was a significant explanatory variable (p < .05) and within-subject mediator (p < .01) of resilience over time. Based on the hypothesis of this effect of hope on resilience, the study included a time series analysis analyzing the bi-daily levels of hope between the treatment group and control group. Using an ARIMA modeling procedure, the analysis detected that the treatment group had an ARIMA (1, 1, 0) model, indicating a statistically significant increasing trend in hope and autocorrelation to aid in forecasting, p < .000. The model accounted for 56% of the variance in hope while controlling for the trend in the data (stationary R2 = .56). As expected, the control group did not have an increasing trend in hope, but it showed a forecastable model through its AR(1) and MA (1), p <.000. Lastly, the study explored how other psychosocial properties of resilience such as mindfulness, stress, and spiritual transcendence could affect the trajectory of resilience over time. A growth curve model indicated that each variable had a statistically significant fixed effect on resilience over time, p < .05. Time served as a statistically significant random effect in the models of stress and spiritual transcendence, p < .000. Discussion of limitations and implications for counseling practice and research will follow.
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Griffin, Brandon J. "Efficacy of a Self-forgiveness Workbook: A Randomized Controlled Trial with University Students." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3318.
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Insofar as forgiveness of oneself enables one to responsibly manage the consequences of wrongdoing, the practice of self-forgiveness may be essential to the preservation of one’s physical, psychological, relational, and spiritual health. In the present thesis, an intervention wait-list design was employed to investigate the efficacy of a 6-hour self-directed workbook designed to promote self-forgiveness. University students (N = 204) who reported perpetrating an interpersonal offense and who experienced some sense of remorse were randomly assigned to either an immediate treatment or wait-list control condition, and assessments were administered on three occasions. Participants’ self-forgiveness ratings increased in conjunction with completion of the workbook, and the effect of treatment depended upon self-administered dose and baseline levels of dispositional self-compassion in some cases. In summary, the workbook appeared to facilitate the process of responsible self-forgiveness among perpetrators of interpersonal wrongdoing, though replication trials are needed in which lower rates of attrition reduce the possibility of biased results.
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Beidas, Rinad. "A randomized controlled trial of training in cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth anxiety." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/112224.
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PsychologyPh.D.
Establishing evidence-based training for therapists is of paramount importance for effective dissemination of evidence-based interventions. Using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for child anxiety, this study compared three therapist training conditions: (1) routine training: a workshop that covered a specific manual, (2) computer training: computer-based training via an interactive DVD, and (3) augmented training: a workshop that included a focus on core CBT competencies and active learning with behavioral rehearsal. Training success was operationalized as: (1) adherence to CBT for child anxiety, (2) therapeutic skillfulness, (3) a knowledge test, (4) and training satisfaction. The study also investigated the degree to which consultation following training impacted therapist outcomes. Participants (115 therapists) were randomly assigned to training condition and, following training, were invited to participate in weekly consultation. The results indicate that all three training conditions were effective in improving therapist adherence, skill, and knowledge. Participants were most satisfied with the in-person conditions. With regard to consultation, the number of consultation hours attended significantly predicted therapist training outcomes. This finding underscores the importance of consultation when training therapists.
Temple University--Theses
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Sesel, Amy-Lee. "The Development and Evaluation of an Online Mindfulness Program for People with Multiple Sclerosis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21817.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, disabling disease of the central nervous system, which has a significant impact on physical and mental health. The aim of this thesis was to develop and evaluate an online psychological intervention for people with MS (PwMS). A meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found that psychosocial interventions are effective for PwMS (n = 1617, Sesel, Sharpe, & Naismith, 2018, Chapter 2). Yet cognitive-behavioural therapy, the most commonly evaluated intervention, was not efficacious for a range of outcomes, whilst other interventions were. Thus, an online mindfulness program was developed (Chapter 3). Nineteen face-to-face interviews with PwMS yielded three major themes: uncertainty, grief and loss, and social isolation, which were incorporated into program. A subsample of PwMS (n = 11) and a number of experts (n = 8) provided iterative feedback on the program. The online mindfulness program was evaluated according to a study protocol (Sesel et al., 2019, Chapter 4). An RCT was conducted (n = 132), and at three-months follow-up, the program was found to be effective for depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in PwMS (Chapter 5). PwMS with a history of recurrent depression benefitted more from the program that those without on measures of depressive symptoms, mental HRQoL and pain interference. There were no effects for anxiety, fatigue, or pain intensity. The online mindfulness programs such as the one described in this thesis have the potential to increase accessibility to psychological support, which is an important unmet need for PwMS and may help to ease the personal and economic burden of disease. Future research should focus on improving the efficacy and availability of psychological interventions for PwMS, who are often faced with a plethora of psychosocial symptoms and consequences in the prime of their lives.
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Reichmann, William Michael. "Methods in subgroup analysis: estimation of risk and implications for randomized controlled trial design." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/32047.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Estimation of exposure-specific risks (ESRs) using estimates of the overall risk and relative risk of disease given exposure has been performed in previous studies, but the performance of such an estimator has not been assessed nor has a variance for such an estimate been proposed. In this project I evaluated the performance of a simple product-based ESR and its variance derived using the delta method. I used the variance to estimate the 95% confidence interval. I found that this point estimate was biased and that the accompanying 95% confidence interval did not attain 95% coverage. I also proposed a revised product-based estimator and found that this estimator was unbiased. I used the delta method to derive a variance for this estimator and estimated the 95% confidence interval. The coverage of this interval attained 95% coverage in most situations. According to the CONSORT statement, subgroup analyses in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) should be pre-planned and accompanied with a formal test of interaction. I considered the interaction between treatment and a dichotomous prognostic factor with a continuous outcome. I examined the impact of misspecifying the distribution of the prognostic factor on power and sample size for interaction effects. I found that power for the interaction test was decreased when the misspecification of the distribution of the prognostic factor was away from a balanced design. I also proposed three methods for improving the power under misspecifications. Quota sampling maintained the power at 80%, but trial completion may be delayed under misspecifications. Modified quota sampling improved the power, but results were related to the proportion of trials switching to the quota sampling procedure. Sample size re-estimation improved the power, but did not always attain 80% power. All three methods maintained appropriate type I error. Lastly, I examined the impact of unplanned cross-over on power and sample size for interaction effects in RCTs. Unplanned cross-over is common in surgical trials and can diminish the magnitude of the interaction effect. Due to this, the sample size re-estimation procedure performed better than quota sampling and modified quota sampling in the presence of unplanned cross-over.
2031-01-02
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Balbach, Ulrike Margarethe. "Stability change of chemically modified SLA titanium palatal implants : a randomized controlled clinical trial /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000278510.
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Dunn, Rose. "Using Pre-Session Mindfulness to Improve Session Presence and Effectiveness: A Randomized-Controlled Trial." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862760/.
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While a significant amount of research illustrates the overall positive effects of therapists' general use of mindfulness, very few studies have addressed whether therapists' use of mindfulness translates to improved psychotherapy outcomes. The present study utilized a randomized-controlled design to test whether a brief mindfulness training program and pre-session mindfulness practice could have a positive impact on therapy; in particular, we hypothesized that mindfulness training and practice would improve ratings on therapeutic presence as rated by clients and therapists and session effectiveness as rated by clients. The present study also examined whether clients' subjective ratings of therapy outcome and therapists' theoretical orientation impacted outcome measures after therapists completed mindfulness training. The 20 participating therapists were randomly assigned to either the mindfulness training (MT) group or control group according to a computer generated randomization list. Results indicated that clients did not significantly improve on outcome measures after completing the mindfulness training. Clients' subjective ratings on a psychotherapy outcome measure did predict changes in their ratings of therapeutic presence. This finding may have important implications for future research examining client characteristics that may moderate the relationship between therapeutic presence and session outcomes. Limitations of the present study and future directions are discussed.
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Tetzlaff, Jennifer Marie. "Developing an evidence-based reporting guideline for randomized controlled trial protocols: The SPIRIT Initiative." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28682.
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Protocols of randomized controlled trials (RCT) are important for many stakeholders including trialists, consumers, ethics boards, funding agencies and journal editors. However, RCT protocols often incompletely describe important trial details or describe inadequate methods. Biased methodological changes are also prevalent. This thesis' objective was to provide the evidence-base for the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items for RandomIzed T rials) Initiative, which aims to increase transparency by developing a reporting guideline for RCT protocols. Guideline content was developed and refined by: 1) a Delphi survey of key stakeholders and 2) a systematic review of empirical evidence. These two components yielded divergent yet complementary perspectives for concepts that RCT protocols should address. Cumulatively, 41 concepts related to trial methodology, administration/organization, ethics and dissemination were recommended for inclusion and 24 concepts for further discussion. These findings inform the SPIRIT guideline content and may ultimately help to improve protocol transparency and the validity of healthcare literature.
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Brymer, Christopher David. "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of nimodipine for geriatric urge incontinence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29205.pdf.
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Vixner, Linda, Lena B. Mårtensson, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, and Erica Schytt. "Manual and electroacupuncture for labour pain : study design of a longitudinal randomized controlled trial." Högskolan Dalarna, Medicinsk vetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-10073.
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Introduction. Results from previous studies on acupuncture for labour pain are contradictory and lack important information on methodology. However, studies indicate that acupuncture has a positive effect on women's experiences of labour pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different acupuncture stimulations, manual or electrical stimulation, compared with standard care in the relief of labour pain as the primary outcome. This paper will present in-depth information on the design of the study, following the CONSORT and STRICTA recommendations. Methods. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial based on western medical theories. Nulliparous women with normal pregnancies admitted to the delivery ward after a spontaneous onset of labour were randomly allocated into one of three groups: manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, or standard care. Sample size calculation gave 101 women in each group, including a total of 303 women. A Visual Analogue Scale was used for assessing pain every 30 minutes for five hours and thereafter every hour until birth. Questionnaires were distributed before treatment, directly after the birth, and at one day and two months postpartum. Blood samples were collected before and after the first treatment. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01197950.
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Neal, Elizabeth Grace. "A randomized controlled trial of two ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444255/.
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This thesis describes the first randomized controlled trial on the ketogenic diet as a treatment for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. It asks two main questions. Firstly, are there clear benefits on seizure control in children treated with the ketogenic diet as compared with no additional treatment and secondly, is the classical ketogenic diet more efficacious than the medium chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diet, as often claimed but not supported by scientific evidence The trial also examines the tolerability of the two diets, and their effect on growth. 145 children were randomized to receive the classical or MCT diet, either immediately or after a 3-month delay with no change in treatment (control group). Seizure frequency was assessed after 3 months, compared to that of controls. Efficacy and tolerability of the two diets was compared at 3, 6 and 12 months. Growth was assessed during the study period. Clear guidelines on calculation of both diets were developed, as was an electronic ketogenic calculator to reduce the burden of time spent on recipe calculations. Results show children on a ketogenic diet to have significantly reduced numbers of seizures after 3 months, as compared to the control group. Despite increased ketone levels in classical diet children, there was no difference in efficacy between the two diets at 3, 6 or 12 months. There was no difference in gastro-intestinal tolerability both diets caused increased cholesterol levels, but increased triglyceride levels were seen in the classical group only. Many children did show compromised growth during the study, but after 12 months, there was no significant difference in growth outcome between the two diets. These results strongly support using the ketogenic diet in childhood epilepsy. Classical and MCT diets are comparable in efficacy, tolerability and growth outcomes both protocols continue to have their place in the treatment of this group of children.
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Breitborde, Nicholas, Francisco Moreno, Natalie Mai-Dixon, Rachele Peterson, Linda Durst, Beth Bernstein, Seenaiah Byreddy, and William McFarlane. "Multifamily Group Psychoeducation and Cognitive Remediation for First-Episode Psychosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial." BioMed Central, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610092.
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BACKGROUND:Multifamily group psychoeducation (MFG) has been shown to reduce relapse rates among individuals with first-episode psychosis. However, given the cognitive demands associated with participating in this intervention (e.g., learning and applying a structured problem-solving activity), the cognitive deficits that accompany psychotic disorders may limit the ability of certain individuals to benefit from this intervention. Thus, the goal of this study is to examine whether individuals with first-episode psychosis who participate simultaneously in MFG and cognitive remediation--an intervention shown to improve cognitive functioning among individuals with psychotic disorders--will be less likely to experience a relapse than individuals who participate in MFG alone.METHODS/DESIGN:Forty individuals with first-episode psychosis and their caregiving relative will be recruited to participate in this study. Individuals with first-episode psychosis will be randomized to one of two conditions: (i) MFG with concurrent participation in cognitive remediation or (ii) MFG alone. The primary outcome for this study is relapse of psychotic symptoms. We will also examine secondary outcomes among both individuals with first-episode psychosis (i.e., social and vocational functioning, health-related quality of life, service utilization, independent living status, and cognitive functioning) and their caregiving relatives (i.e., caregiver burden, anxiety, and depression)DISCUSSION:Cognitive remediation offers the possibility of ameliorating a specific deficit (i.e., deficits in cognitive functioning) that often accompanies psychotic symptoms and may restrict the magnitude of the clinical benefits derived from MFG.TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials (NCT): NCT01196286
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Ware, Lorraine, Tatsuki Koyama, Dean Billheimer, Megan Landeck, Elizabeth Johnson, Sandra Brady, Gordon Bernard, and Michael Matthay. "Advancing donor management research: design and implementation of a large, randomized, placebo-controlled trial." BioMed Central, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610331.
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BACKGROUND:Given the persistent shortage of organs for transplantation, new donor management strategies to improve both organ utilization and quality of procured organs are needed. Current management protocols for the care of the deceased donor before organ procurement are based on physiological rationale, experiential reasoning, and retrospective studies without rigorous testing. Although many factors contribute to the lack of controlled clinical trials in donor management, a major factor is the unique challenges posed by research in the brain-dead organ donor.METHODS AND RESULTS:This article describes the study design and the challenges faced during implementation of the Beta-agonists for Oxygenation in Lung Donors (BOLD) study, a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of nebulized albuterol vs. placebo in 500 organ donors. The study design and implementation are described with emphasis on aspects of the study that are unique to research in brain-dead organ donors.CONCLUSIONS:Experience gained during the design and implementation of the BOLD study should be useful for investigators planning future clinical trials in the brain-dead donor population and for intensivists who are involved in the care of the brain-dead organ donor.
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Suveg, Cynthia, Anna Jones, Molly Davis, Marni L. Jacob, Diana Morelen, Kristel Thomassin, and Monica Whitehead. "Emotion-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Youth with Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7704.
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Difficulties with emotion regulation are a core feature of anxiety disorders (ADs) in children and adults. Interventions with a specific focus on emotion regulation are gaining empirical support. Yet, no studies to date have compared the relative efficacy of such interventions to existing evidence-based treatments. Such comparisons are necessary to determine whether emotion-focused treatments might be more effective for youth exhibiting broad emotion-regulation difficulties at pretreatment. This study examined an emotion-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (ECBT) protocol in comparison to traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in a sample of children with a primary anxiety disorder diagnosis. Moderation analyses examined whether children with higher levels of emotion dysregulation at pretreatment would show greater levels of improvement in ECBT than CBT. Ninety-two youth ages 7 to 12 years (58% male) with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or social phobia were included. Participants were randomly assigned to ECBT or CBT. Results showed that youth in both conditions demonstrated similar improvements in emotion regulation and that pretreatment levels of emotion dysregulation did not moderate treatment outcomes. Additional analyses showed that ECBT and CBT were similarly effective on diagnostic, severity, and improvement measures. Future work is needed to further explore the ways that emotion regulation is related to treatment outcome for anxious youth.
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Crisp, Catrina C. M. D. "Intra-vaginal Diazepam for High Tone Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367926075.
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Falb, Melissa D. "Effects of Mindfulness Training on Individuals Experiencing Post-Breakup Distress: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1428857698.
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McClintock, Andrew S. "Mindfulness-Based Treatment for Maladaptive Interpersonal Dependency: A Randomized Controlled Trial with College Students." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1481106552730154.
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Usman, Hussain Raza. "Randomized controlled trial of low cost interventions to reduce childhood immunization dropouts in Pakistan." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008p/usman.pdf.
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