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1
Silk, Simon. "High Dynamic Range Panoramic Imaging with Scene Motion." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20394.
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Real-world radiance values can range over eight orders of magnitude from starlight to direct sunlight but few digital cameras capture more than three orders in a single Low Dynamic Range (LDR) image. We approach this problem using established High Dynamic Range (HDR) techniques in which multiple images are captured with different exposure times so that all portions of the scene are correctly exposed at least once. These images are then combined to create an HDR image capturing the full range of the scene. HDR capture introduces new challenges; movement in the scene creates faded copies of moving objects, referred to as ghosts.
Many techniques have been introduced to handle ghosting, but typically they either address specific types of ghosting, or are computationally very expensive. We address ghosting by first detecting moving objects, then reducing their contribution to the final composite on a frame-by-frame basis. The detection of motion is addressed by performing change detection on exposure-normalized images. Additional special cases are developed based on a priori knowledge of the changing exposures; for example, if exposure is increasing every shot, then any decrease in intensity in the LDR images is a strong indicator of motion. Recent Superpixel over-segmentation techniques are used to refine the detection. We also propose a novel solution for areas that see motion throughout the capture, such as foliage blowing in the wind. Such areas are detected as always moving, and are replaced with information from a single input image, and the replacement of corrupted regions can be tailored to the scenario.
We present our approach in the context of a panoramic tele-presence system. Tele-presence systems allow a user to experience a remote environment, aiming to create a realistic sense of "being there" and such a system should therefore provide a high quality visual rendition of the environment. Furthermore, panoramas, by virtue of capturing a greater proportion of a real-world scene, are often exposed to a greater dynamic range than standard photographs. Both facets of this system therefore stand to benefit from HDR imaging techniques.
We demonstrate the success of our approach on multiple challenging ghosting scenarios, and compare our results with state-of-the-art methods previously proposed. We also demonstrate computational savings over these methods.
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Wright, Thomas J. "The long-range integration of visual motion information." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ28265.pdf.
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Sand, Peter (Peter M. ). 1977. "Long-range video motion estimation using point trajectories." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38319.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-104).<br>This thesis describes a new approach to video motion estimation, in which motion is represented using a set of particles. Each particle is an image point sample with a long-duration trajectory and other properties. To optimize these particles, we measure point-based matching along the particle trajectories and distortion between the particles. The resulting motion representation is useful for a variety of applications and differs from optical flow, feature tracking, and parametric or layer-based models. We demonstrate the algorithm on challenging real-world videos that include complex scene geometry, multiple types of occlusion, regions with low texture, and non-rigid deformation.<br>by Peter Sand.<br>Ph.D.
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Lu, Yi, Qinlong Ren, Tingting Liu, Siu Ling Leung, Vincent Gau, Joseph C. Liao, Cho Lik Chan, and Pak Kin Wong. "Long-range electrothermal fluid motion in microfluidic systems." PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621709.
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AC electrothermal flow (ACEF) is the fluid motion created as a result of Joule heating induced temperature gradients. ACEF is capable of performing major microfluidic operations, such as pumping, mixing, concentration, separation and assay enhancement, and is effective in biological samples with a wide range of electrical conductivity. Here, we report long-range fluid motion induced by ACEF, which creates centimeter-scale vortices. The long-range fluid motion displays a strong voltage dependence and is suppressed in microchannels with a characteristic length below similar to 300 mu m. An extended computational model of ACEF, which considers the effects of the density gradient and temperature-dependent parameters, is developed and compared experimentally by particle image velocimetry. The model captures the essence of ACEF in a wide range of channel dimensions and operating conditions. The combined experimental and computational study reveals the essential roles of buoyancy, temperature rise, and associated changes in material properties in the formation of the long-range fluid motion. Our results provide critical information for the design and modeling of ACEF based microfluidic systems toward various bioanalytical applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Preddie, Alaina Katelyn. "Glovebox Workers’ Range of Motion in Three Gloveports." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155408132299994.
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Cleary, Robert. "Spatial frequency selective processes in short range motion perception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237562.
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Tam, C. K. "Motion planning algorithm for ships in close range encounters." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/17267/.
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Efficient maritime navigation through obstructions is still one of the many problems faced by mariners. The increasing traffic densities and average cruise speed of ships also impede the collision avoidance decision making process by reducing the time in which decisions have to be made. It seems logical that the decision making process be computerised and automated as a step towards reducing the risk of collision. Although some studies have focused on this area, the majority did not consider the collision regulations or environmental conditions and many previously proposed methods were idealistic. This study develops a motion planning algorithm that determines an optimal navigation path for ships in close range encounters based on known and predicted traffic and environmental data, with emphasis on the adaptability of the algorithm to optimised for different criteria or missions. The domain of interest is the 5 nautical mile region around own-ship based on the effective range of most modern navigation radars and identification devices. Several computational constraints have been incorporated into the algorithm and categorised based on safety priority. Collision-free and conformity with collision regulations are the primary constraints that have to be satisfied; followed by secondary or optional mission specific constraints e.g. commensurate with environmental conditions or taking the shortest navigation path. Own-ship speed is considered to be a dynamic property and a function of the engine setting, which is a variable modifiable by the optimisation routine. The change in the ship’s momentum as a result of a turning manoeuvre is also included in the model. A modified version of an evolutionary algorithm is adopted to perform the optimisation, where the variables are spatial coordinates and the engine setting at the particular path segment. The navigation path can be optimised for specific criteria by adjusting the weighting on the cost functions that describe the properties of the navigation paths.
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Hallbeck, M. Susan. "Biomechanical analysis of carpal flexion and extension." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26086.
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An experiment was performed to evaluate the relations between active range of motion (ROM) and upper limb anthropometric dimensions. Eight anthropometric dimensions, forearm length, distal and proximal forearm circumferences, wrist breadth, wrist thickness, wrist circumference, hand breadth, and hand length in combination with gender, wrist position, and direction of motion or exertion were evaluated to determine their effects on instant center of rotation (ICOR) and the magnitude of force exertion. The knowledge gained from analysis of the study data will be the first step in the formulation of a biomechanical model of wrist flexion and extension. Such a model would predict forces and torques at specific wrist postures and be employed to reduce cumulative trauma disorders of the wrist.
Sixty right-hand dominant subjects (30 male, 30 female) between 20 and 30 years of age all reporting no prior wrist injury and good to excellent overall physical condition, were employed in this study.
The upper limb anthropometric dimensions and ROM were measured and recorded for each subject. The anthropometric dimensions were compared to tabulated data. The measured active ROM values were compared with values in the literature. Correlation coefficients between pairs of anthropometric variables (by gender) were calculated. The mean active ROM measures, 164.0 deg for females and 151.8 deg for males, were significantly different (<i>Z</i> = 2.193, <i>p</i> = 0.014).
The relationships between the anthropometric variables and active ROM were analyzed by three methods: correlation between ROM and each anthropometric dimension, prediction (regression) equations, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). No correlation coefficient between ROM and any anthropometric dimension was greater than 0.7. No prediction equation, based upon linear and quadratic combinations of anthropometric dimensions variables, was above the threshold of acceptability (<i>R²</i> ≥ 0.5). The results of the ANOVA showed a significant effect for gender. The ICOR had been hypothesized to be either in the head or neck of the capitate. The Method of Reuleaux was employed to locate the leOR points for flexion and extension (over the ROM) of the wrist with three load conditions, i.e., no-load, palmar resistance, and dorsal resistance. Analysis of the data, using ANOYA, showed that wrist position was the only significant variable. Thus, in future wrist models, the assumption cannot be made that the wrist is a pin-centered joint for flexion and extension.
The static maximal voluntary contractile forces that can be generated by recruiting only the six wrist-dedicated muscles in various wrist positions were measured. There was a significant gender difference for the mean flexion force (<i>Z</i> = 4.00, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) and for the mean extension force (<i>Z</i> = 4.58, <i>p</i> = 0.0001). Females averaged 76.3 percent of the mean male flexion force and 72.4 percent for extension.
The force data, categorized by gender, were then analyzed using three methods: correlation of variable pairs, regression equations, and ANOVA. None of the eight anthropometric dimensions and ROM was correlated with flexion or with extension force at an acceptable level. The prediction equations, linear and quadratic combinations of all possible subsets of anthropometric dimension values, ROM, and wrist position did not meet the minimum acceptable level of <i>R²</i> ≥ 0.5. The ANOVA procedure showed gender, wrist position, direction of force exertion, and the wrist position interaction with direction to have significant effects upon maximal force exertion.<br>Ph. D.
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Subramanian, Anbumani. "Image Segmentation and Range Estimation Using a Moving-aperture Lens." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32289.
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Given 2D images, it still remains a big challenge in the field of
computer vision to group the image points into logical objects
(segmentation) and to determine the locations in the scene (range
estimation). Despite the decades of research, a single solution
is yet to be found. Through our research we have demonstrated
that a possible solution is to use moving aperture lens. This lens
has the effect of introducing small, repeating movements of the
camera center so that objects appear to translate in the image, by
an amount that depends on distance from the plane of focus. Our
novel method employs optical flow techniques to an image sequence,
captured using a video camera with a moving aperture lens. For a
stationary scene, optical flow magnitudes and direction are
directly related to the three-dimensional object distance and
location from the observer. Exploiting this information, we have
successfully extracted objects at different depths and estimated
the locations of objects in the scene, with respect to the plane
of focus. Our work therefore demonstrates an ability for
passive range estimation, without emitting any energy in an
environment. Other potential applications include video
compression, 3D video broadcast, teleconferencing and autonomous
vehicle navigation.<br>Master of Science
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Jordan, Kelvin. "Statistical assessment of cervical spine and shoulder range of motion." Thesis, Keele University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323756.
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Measuring range of motion (for example, of the cervical spine or shoulder) is a common feature in the diagnosis and longitudinal assessment of many medical conditions. Current clinical methods, however, cannot measure combinations of movement or velocity of movement. A new threedimensional measuring system, the FASTRAK, can measure range of motion in the primary plane of movement and also in secondary planes of movement. Further, it can measure concurrent threedimensional movement of the body elsewhere; for example, of the trunk. In order for a measured change in range of motion to be confidently perceived as real change, the measuring tool has to be shown to be reliable. This study commences by performing systematic reviews assessing the evidence for the reliability of current cervical spine and shoulder range of motion measuring tools. The reliability of the FASTRAK in measuring cervical spine and shoulder range of motion is then assessed on healthy subjects with unrestricted neck and shoulder movement. The methodology and analysis provides a framework for future reliability studies of this nature. Range of motion is often limited in subjects with diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis (AS). To assess the ability of the FASTRAK to differentiate between a non-diseased population and subjects with AS, and between different severities of AS, the FASTRAK is applied to a sample of AS subjects in a longitudinal study. Pictures of movement are built up and compared, using a novel application of repeated measures multilevel modelling, for both healthy and AS subjects. The use of multilevel modelling to build these pictures of movement is evaluated. Clinical validation of the models and the usefulness and acceptability of the FASTRAK in a clinical setting is assessed through the process of semi-structured interviews with clinicians from the disciplines most likely to make range of motion measurements in clinical practice.
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Gulgin, Heather. "Hip Rotation Range of Motion Asymmetry in Elite Female Golfers." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1114538342.
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Patel, Rutvik Bharatkumar. "Novel Cost and Space Efficient Range of Motion and Gait Analysis Systems." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1485206546395948.
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North, Ian Graham. "First metatarsophalangeal joint range of motion : influence of ankle joint position and gastrocsoleus muscle stretching." University of Western Australia. School of Surgery, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0021.
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[Truncated abstract] First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ1) motion is an important factor in normal weight transference during walking. Disruptions to normal range can influence joints both proximal and distal to the MTPJ1, potentially leading to pain and dysfunction. Whilst the MTPJ1 has been investigated significantly, the numerous methodologies described to quantify range of motion can be questioned and makes comparisons difficult. Range of MTPJ1 motion is commonly assessed in a clinical setting to determine pathology as well as to make decisions on appropriate intervention. The anatomical and biomechanical influence of tendo Achilles load and MTPJ1 motion has been well described; however few studies measuring MTPJ1 range control for Achilles load or describe ankle joint positioning. Further to this the effects of reducing tendo Achilles stiffness on MTPJ1 extensions has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to describe a technique to quantify passive MTPJ1 extension and to determine the influence of ankle joint position on joint range. Secondly the effect of calf muscle stretching on MTPJ1 range was also investigated. The information gathered will assist both research and clinical protocols for quantifying MTPJ1 range, and provide a greater understanding of the anatomic and biomechanical relationship between tendo Achilles load and MTPJ1 extension. In order to fulfil the purposes of the study it was necessary to establish a reliable methodology to quantify non weight bearing MTPJ1 extension. Reliability testing was undertaken in three parts. '...' The results demonstrated a statistically significant increase in joint range immediately following a one minute stretch for variables ankle joint range of motion as well as MTPJ1 extension for ankle joint plantar flexed at 10 Newton's and ankle joint neutral and plantar flexed at 30 Newtons. No significant differences were noted in ankle or MTPJ1 range of motion in either the control group on immediate re-testing, or in both groups after a one week stretch program. The findings of this study support those documented in the literature pertaining to the ankle joint position, tendo Achilles load and plantar fascial stiffness to MTPJ1 range of motion. Increased stiffness at the MTPJ1 was noted dependant on ankle joint position from ankle joint plantar flexion through to ankle joint dorsiflexion. This appears most likely due to increases in tendo Achilles load and subsequent forces transmitted to the plantar aponeurosis. The present study also demonstrated a trend towards increased joint extensibility and limb dominance. The study also supports previous literature into gender differences and joint extensibility, with a positive trend towards increased MTPJ1 range evident in the female subjects tested. The study also demonstrated the immediate effect of calf muscle stretching on ankle and MTPJ1 range of motion. It remains however unclear as to the exact mechanisms involved in producing increased joint range be it reflex inhibition or actual changes to the viscoelastic properties of the soft tissues. Despite this, no changes were evident following a one week stretching program, which supports previous literature describing a short lag time before soft tissues revert to baseline length properties following a single stretch session.
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Barandas, Marília da Silveira Gouveia. "Range of motion measurements based on depth camera for clinical rehabilitation." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11046.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia Biomédica<br>In clinical rehabilitation, biofeedback increases the patient’s motivation which makes it one of the most effective motor rehabilitation mechanisms. In this field it is very helpful for the patient and even for the therapist to know the level of success and performance of the training process. The human motion tracking study can provide relevant information for this purpose. Existing lab-based Three-Dimensional (3D) motion capture systems are capable to provide this information in real-time. However, these systems still present some limitations when used in rehabilitation processes involving biofeedback. A new
depth camera - the Microsoft KinectTM - was recently developed overcoming the limitations
associated with the lab-based movement analysis systems. This depth camera is
easy to use, inexpensive and portable.
The aim of this work is to introduce a system in clinical practice to do Range of Motion(ROM) measurements, using the KinectTM sensor and providing real-time biofeedback.
For this purpose, the ROM measurements were computed using the joints spatial coordinates provided by the official Microsoft KinectTM Software Development Kit (SDK)and also using our own developed algorithm. The obtained results were compared with a triaxial accelerometer data, used as reference.
The upper movements studied were abduction, flexion/extension and internal/external
rotation with the arm at 90 degrees of elevation. With our algorithm the Mean
Error (ME) was less than 1.5 degrees for all movements. Only in abduction the KinectTM
Sketelon Tracking obtained comparable data. In other movements the ME increased an order of magnitude. Given the potential benefits, our method can be a useful tool for ROM measurements in clinics.
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Born, Megan L. "Relationship of Grip Strength and Range of Motion in Baseball Players." Marietta College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marhonors1335981033.
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Kohn, Mallory. "The Effect of the Graston Technique on Talocrural Range of Motion." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1428048373.
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Aghayan, Sahar. "Calculation and Visualization of Range of Motion of Hip Joint from MRI." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30912.
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Femoro-Acetabular Impingement (FAI) is a hip joint disease which affects and impairs the range of hip motion during performing activities of daily living, jogging, walking, or climbing stairs due to the bony abnormalities of the joint. Ballet dancers and athletes (e.g. gymnasts and hockey players) put their hips at the risk of FAI by extremely moving the hip mainly by excessively rotating the joint.
In this research, we introduce a visualization system which helps surgeons to analyze the range of hip motions as well as to have a better communication with patients. These goals are achieved by presenting three dimensional (3D) visualizations of motion envelope by examining the maximum possible rotation of the digital hip bones. Our computer simulation system estimates, analyzes and visualizes the maximum hip range of motion (ROM) for the constructed 3D bone models that are extracted from Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) after segmenting the bones. These tasks are accomplished by first calculating Hip Joint Center (HJC) which is center of rotation of femoral head on the 3D segmented MRI models followed by simulating hip motions with examining impingement between the femur and the acetabulum using our collision detection system.
In our collision detection system, surfaces of femoral head and acetabulum bones are sampled in the spherical coordinates based on rasterization and interpolation. Then, the distance between the femoral head and acetabulum are computed to prevent impingement between them. The maximum motion degree of femur bone within depression of acetabulum in every direction during the digital simulation shows the ROMs of the inputted MRI of the hip joint. Six primary plane motions (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation) as well as various combinations of these motions (maximum rotation of the hip between every two rotational movements) and successive movements (maximum rotational movement of the hip per another rotational movement) are simulated and analyzed along with 3D visualization of estimated range of these motions.
Generally, the ROM differs by some factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, and geographic location. For instance, newborns up to age two have considerably greater motion in hip flexion and hip abduction than adults. Our system by 3D visualization of motion envelope will provide a platform to understand quicker and better the effect of bony morphology of the hip joint on the possible ROM.
We also examine the long-standing question about moving center of rotation related to ROM. We found out the ROM becomes bigger especially when the center moves outward to the direction of acetabulum axis.
This thesis does not consider the effect of muscle and other surrounding connective tissue on the hip ROM since they can be altered significantly by physical training to show the potential of maximum ROM. For example a ballerina has a bigger ROM leading a bigger motion envelope compared with non-dancers. Hence we visualize the range of joint motions and their envelopes that are obtained from the osseous anatomy of the hip joint. The osseous anatomy of the joint is the most fundamental and permanent factor of ROM which indicates the maximum motion that the joint can achieve if the muscle and other connective tissues are perfectly trained.
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Kodipyaka, Sumedha. "Reconfigurable architecture for h.264/avc variable block size motion estimation based on motion activity and adaptive search range." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4636.
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Motion Estimation (ME) technique plays a key role in the video coding systems to achieve high compression ratios by removing temporal redundancies among video frames. Especially in the newest H.264/AVC video coding standard, ME engine demands large amount of computational capabilities due to its support for wide range of different block sizes for a given macroblock in order to increase accuracy in finding best matching block in the previous frames. We propose scalable architecture for H.264/AVC Variable Block Size (VBS) Motion Estimation with adaptive computing capability to support various search ranges, input video resolutions, and frame rates. Hardware architecture of the proposed ME consists of scalable Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) arrays which can perform Full Search Block Matching Algorithm (FSBMA) for smaller 4x4 blocks. It is also shown that by predicting motion activity and adaptively adjusting the Search Range (SR) on the reconfigurable hardware platform, the computational cost of ME required for inter-frame encoding in H.264/AVC video coding standard can be reduced significantly. Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration is a unique feature of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) that makes best use of hardware resources and power by allowing adaptive algorithm to be implemented during run-time. We exploit this feature of FPGA to implement the proposed reconfigurable architecture of ME and maximize the architectural benefits through prediction of motion activities in the video sequences ,adaptation of SR during run-time, and fractional ME refinement. The implemented ME architecture can support real time applications at a maximum frequency of 90MHz with multiple reconfigurable regions. When compared to reconfiguration of complete design, partial reconfiguration process results in smaller bitstream size which allows FPGA to implement different configurations at higher speed.; The proposed architecture has modular structure, regular data flow, and efficient memory organization with lower memory accesses. By increasing the number of active partial reconfigurable modules from one to four, there is a 4 fold increase in data re-use. Also, by introducing adaptive SR reduction algorithm at frame level, the computational load of ME is reduced significantly with only small degradation in PSNR (0.1dB).<br>ID: 028732077; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references.<br>M.S.<br>Masters<br>Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science<br>Engineering and Computer Science
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van, Arkel Richard. "On the biomechanics of ligaments and muscles throughout the range of hip motion." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/51147.
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At the limits of the range of hip motion, impingement, subluxation and edge loading can cause osteoarthritis in natural hips or early failure hip replacements. The aim of this PhD was to investigate the role of hip joint soft tissues throughout the range of hip motion to better understand their role in preventing (or perhaps even causing) these problematic load cases. A musculoskeletal model was used to investigate the muscular contribution to edge loading and found that in the mid-range of hip motion, the lines of action of hip muscles pointed inward from the acetabular rim and thus would stabilise the hip. However, in deep hip flexion with adduction, nearly half the muscles had unfavourable lines of action which could encourage edge loading. Conversely, in-vitro tests on nine cadaveric hips found that the hip capsular ligaments were slack in the mid-range of hip motion but tightened to restrain excessive hip rotation in positions close to the limits of hip motion. This passive restraint prevented the hip from moving into positions where the muscle lines of action were found to be unfavourable and thus could help protect the hip from edge loading. The ligaments were also found to protect the hip against impingement and dislocation. Out of the labrum, the ligamentum teres and the three capsular ligaments, it was found that the iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments were primary restraints to hip rotation. These two capsular ligaments should be prioritised for protection/repair during hip surgery to maintain normal hip passive restraint. Whilst this can be technically demanding, failing to preserve/restore their function may increase the risk of osteoarthritic degeneration or hip replacement failure.
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Prentice, Samuel J. (Samuel James). "Robust range-based localization and motion planning under uncertainty using ultra-wideband radio." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45645.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-149).<br>The work presented in this thesis addresses two problems: accurately localizing a mobile robot using ultra-wideband (UWB) radio signals in GPS-denied environments; and planning robot trajectories that incorporate belief uncertainty using probabilistic state estimates. Addressing the former, we improve upon traditional approaches to range-based localization by capturing non-linear sensor dynamics using a Monte Carlo method for hidden bias estimation. For the latter, we overcome current limitations of scalable belief space planning by adapting the Probabilistic Roadmap algorithm to enable trajectory search in belief space for minimal uncertainty paths. We contribute a novel solution motivated by linear least-squares estimation and the Riccati equation that provides linear belief updates, allowing us to combine several prediction and measurement steps into one efficient update. This reduces the time required to compute a plan by over two orders of magnitude, leading to a tractable belief space planning method which we call the Belief Roadmap (BRM) algorithm.<br>by Samuel J. Prentice.<br>M.Eng.
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Chu, Wen-Hwa Martin. "Microfabricated tweezers with a large gripping force and a large range of motion." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057869514.
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Perez, Luque Estela. "Evaluation of the Use of Exoskeletons in the Range of Motion of Workers." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17277.
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Although the automation level is high within the automotive industry, there is still a high number of manual labour tasks such as in assembly areas. Taking ergonomics programs into account is essential to improve the workstation designs and conditions, which should result in increases in worker output and reductions of discomfort. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders continue to be one of the main problems in the industry today. Exoskeletons are a new technology becoming increasingly important due to its potential reducing loads, they suppose a possible promising solution to advantage in manufacturing environments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare how the use of three different models of exoskeletons affects the range of motion of workers at overhead assembly operations. EksoVest from EksoBionics, Paexo from Ottobock and MATE from Comau have been the passive upper body exoskeletons involved in the present project. To develop the comparison analysis an experiment was designed in which seventeen subjects participated including factory operators and students. The experiment consists of performing three different tasks (drilling operation and stretching) four times, one with each of the exoskeleton models and another without them. Observations, interviews and video and motion capture (Xsens equipment) recordings have been the elements involved in collecting the data. The results have shown that all the subjects agree that exoskeletons help in this specific overhead task, on the contrary, for tasks requiring a larger range of motion the performance decreases. Paexo was the preferred model followed by EksoVest and MATE respectively. However, none of the models got a complete positive valuation. In addition, statistical analysis of the motion capture recorded data have described a trend of keeping the arms raised when using the exoskeletons during the tasks than performing it without them. Positive and negative aspect, activation zone and uses of each of the exoskeleton models are also discussed. To conclude, the results of this thesis highlight the need for design improvements in order to allow a full range of movement to workers and increase user performance in a broader number of applications or tasks as well as to assure a more suitable implementation.
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Montgomery, Trevor Colin. "The effects of sagittal plane postures on trunk rotation range of motion a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science (MHSc), 2008." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/392.
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Thesis (MHSc--Health Science) -- AUT University, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (xv, 121 leaves : col. ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 612.76 MON)
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Rothwell, Brigitte. "The effect of casting motion to mobilize stiffness on proximal interphalangeal joint motion and stiffness dissertation [thesis] submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science, Auckland University of Technology, June 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/RothwellB.pdf.
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Karst, Gregory Mark. "Multijoint arm movements: Predictions and observations regarding initial muscle activity at the shoulder and elbow." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184920.
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Understanding the control strategies that underlie multijoint limb movements is important to researchers in motor control, robotics, and medicine. Due to dynamic interactions between limb segments, choosing appropriate muscle activations for initiating multijoint arm movements is a complex problem, and the rules by which the nervous system makes such choices are not yet understood. The aim of the dissertation studies was to evaluate some proposed initiation rules based on their ability to correctly predict which shoulder and elbow muscles initiated planar, two-joint arm movements in various directions. Kinematic and electromyographic data were collected from thirteen subjects during pointing movements involving shoulder and elbow rotations in the horizontal plane. One of the rules tested, which is based on statics, predicted that the initial muscle activity at each joint is chosen such that the hand exerts an initial force in the direction of the target, while another rule, based on dynamics, predicted initial muscle activity such that the initial acceleration of the hand is directed toward the target. For both rules, the data contradict the predicted initial shoulder muscle activity for certain movement directions. Moreover, the effects of added inertial loads predicted by the latter rule were not observed when a 1.8 kg mass was added to the limb. The results indicated, however, that empirically derived rules, based on ψ, the target direction relative to the distal segment, could predict which muscles would be chosen to initiate movement in a given direction. Furthermore, the relative timing and magnitude of initial muscle activity at the shoulder and elbow varied systematically with ψ. Thus, the target direction relative to the forearm may be an important variable in determining initial muscle activations for multijoint arm movements. These findings suggest a control scheme for movement initiation in which simple rules suffice to launch the hand in the approximate direction of the target by first specifying a basic motor output pattern, then modulating the relative timing and magnitude of that pattern.
26
Inkaya, Alper. "Option Pricing With Fractional Brownian Motion." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613736/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional financial modeling is based on semimartingale processes with stationary and independent
increments. However, empirical investigations on financial data does not always
support these assumptions. This contradiction showed that there is a need for new stochastic
models. Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) was proposed as one of these models by Benoit
Mandelbrot. FBm is the only continuous Gaussian process with dependent increments. Correlation
between increments of a fBm changes according to its self-similarity parameter H. This
property of fBm helps to capture the correlation dynamics of the data and consequently obtain
better forecast results. But for values of H different than 1/2, fBm is not a semimartingale and
classical Ito formula does not exist in that case. This gives rise to need for using the white noise
theory to construct integrals with respect to fBm and obtain fractional Ito formulas. In this
thesis, the representation of fBm and its fundamental properties are examined. Construction of
Wick-Ito-Skorohod (WIS) and fractional WIS integrals are investigated. An Ito type formula
and Girsanov type theorems are stated. The financial applications of fBm are mentioned and
the Black&<br>Scholes price of a European call option on an asset which is assumed to follow a
geometric fBm is derived. The statistical aspects of fBm are investigated. Estimators for the
self-similarity parameter H and simulation methods of fBm are summarized. Using the R/S methodology of Hurst, the estimations of the parameter H are obtained and these values are used to evaluate the fractional Black&<br>Scholes prices of a European call option with different
maturities. Afterwards, these values are compared to Black&<br>Scholes price of the same option
to demonstrate the effect of long-range dependence on the option prices. Also, estimations
of H at different time scales are obtained to investigate the multiscaling in financial data. An
outlook of the future work is given.
27
Smith, Allison B. Smith. "Validation Of A Smartphone Application For Measuring Shoulder Internal Rotation and External Rotation Range Of Motion With Intra-Rater Reliability." Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1461840909.
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Rauch, Hannes. "Untersuchungen zur hüftstabilisierenden Wirkung des atmosphärischen Druckes und zur Range of Motion bei Hebelwirkung auf Gelenkmodelle." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-219950.
Full textAbstract:
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden kapselumhüllte Hüftgelenkmodelle mit 22 – 44 mm Durchmesser durch Hebelwirkung luxiert, wobei die wirkende Kraft, die resultierende Dislokation und der intraartikuläre Absolutdruck kontinuierlich gemessen wurden. Parallel dazu wurde die technische Range of Motion bis zum Impingement und bis zur Luxation bestimmt. Die durchgeführten Hebelversuche ergaben bei Zunahme des Kopfdurchmessers eine erhebliche Zunahme des Luxationswiderstandes der untersuchten Gelenkmodelle. Im Gegensatz dazu ergab die Messung der technischen Range of Motion bei größerem Gelenkdurchmesser einen geringen Zuwachs, dessen praktische Wirksamkeit durch existierende Literatur auf Grund von Knochen-Knochen-Impingement in Zweifel gezogen wird (Burroughs et al. 2005). Die Hypothese ist somit anzunehmen.
Die starke Zunahme des Luxationswiderstandes und die gering erweiterte techROM sprechen neben anderen Argumenten dafür, dass die permanente hüftstabilisierende Wirkung des atmosphärischen Druckes, die auch als Weber-Effekt bezeichnet werden kann, die Hauptursache für die deutlich verminderte Luxationsneigung größerer Köpfe nach hüftendoprothetischen Eingriffen darstellt. Daraus können folgende Konsequenzen für die Hüftendoprothetik abgeleitet werden:
1. Die Schonung und Rekonstruktion der Gelenkkapsel ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Wirksamkeit des Weber-Effektes. Zahlreiche Studien belegen, dass durch die Kapselrekonstruktion die Anzahl der von Luxationen betroffenen Patienten um 90 % gesenkt werden kann (Pellicci et al. 1998; Bottner und Pellicci 2006; Prietzel et al. 2014), weshalb die Kapselrekonstruktion zu empfehlen ist.
2. Gelenkköpfe mit größerem Durchmesser besitzen in Folge des Weber-Effektes eine wesentlich größere Gelenkstabilität bzw. einen höheren Luxationswiderstand. Daraus resultiert offensichtlich die klinisch nachgewiesene wesentlich geringere Luxationsra-te (Bistolfi et al. 2011; Howie et al. 2012, Zajonz et al. 2015). Gegenwärtige Nachteile größerer Köpfe wie höherer Abrieb und vermehrte Belastung von Pfannenveranke-rung und Konus müssen jedoch berücksichtigt werden. Der Einsatz größerer Gelenk-köpfe ist zukünftig in der Hüftendoprothetik anzustreben. Gegenwärtig ist bei normalem Luxationsrisiko und somit bei primären HTEP-Implantationen der Einsatz von Gelenkköpfen bis 36 mm Durchmesser vertretbar. Bei erhöhtem Luxationsrisiko (z. B. bei bestimmten HTEP-Revisionen) sind dagegen 40-mm- und 44-mm-Köpfe gerechtfertigt, soweit diese in Abhängigkeit vom Pfannendurchmesser realisierbar sind (Zajonz et al. 2015).
3. Der Einsatz einer intrakapsulären Redondrainage beschleunigt durch die Eliminierung eingedrungener Luft und durch die Minimierung des postoperativen Hämatoseroms die Restitution physiologischer Gelenkverhältnisse. Dies ist gleichfalls eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Wirksamkeit des Weber-Effektes und daher zu empfehlen (Prietzel et al. 2007).
29
RAMACHANDRAN, JAIGANESH. "ANTHROPOMETRY AND RANGE OF MOTION DATA OF THE OBESE POPULATION AND THEIR DESIGN IMPLICATIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1158595083.
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Chavan, Yogesh Laxman. "Portable Motion Lab for Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Processes." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1513089313160899.
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Cronin, Alison. "Effect of selected ankle supports on resistance to inversion force and range of motion." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9120.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine if the ankle supports chosen were able to provide increased resistance to inversion, as measured by moment of force, without limiting plantar flexion or dorsiflexion. Resistance to inversion moment of force was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (KinCom) in passive mode, for six support conditions (low-top (LT) and midcut (MC) shoes with semi-rigid and flexible orthoses). The braces used were the Active Ankle T1 Trainer (AA) and the Ankle Stabilizing Orthosis (ASO). The shoes were ASICS Gel Airier volleyball shoes in low-top and midcut models. It was found that there was a significant difference in resistance to inversion moment of force mean, between the MC alone and the LT with AA. It was concluded that the best support condition was the combination of LT and AA. It decreased sagittal range of motion the least and provided increased force to resist inversion as compared to the control condition (LT). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
32
Williams, Mark A. "The role of cervical spine range of motion in recovery from whiplash associated disorders." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49214/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the role of cervical spine Range of Motion in the recovery from Whiplash Associated Disorders. In clinical practice, Health Care Professionals attach value to measurements of cervical spine Range of Motion for diagnostic, prognostic and treatment evaluation purposes. A systematic literature review found conflicting evidence as to whether cervical spine Range of Motion was a prognostic factor following a whiplash injury. Greater understanding of prognostic factors such as this may facilitate improvements in patient management. A second systematic literature review investigated the reliability and validity of methods for measuring cervical spine Range of Motion. The Cervical Range Of Motion (CROM) device was found to be the most rigorously tested and clinimetrically promising method and was subsequently investigated for intra- and inter-observer reliability in a group of whiplashinjured individuals and found to be substantially reliable. The CROM device was utilised in a longitudinal cohort study of 599 whiplash-injured patients to investigate the prognostic value of cervical spine Range of Motion for neck painrelated disability and patient-reported recovery at short, medium and long-term follow-up. A patient-reported version of cervical spine Range of Motion was also evaluated as a prognostic factor. Although useful for explaining disability at the time of measurement, active, passive and patient-reported forms of cervical spine Range of Motion were not significant prognostic factors for poor outcome when other physical and psychosocial factors were accounted for. The clinical implication of this research is that if patients are experiencing reduced cervical spine Range of Motion a few weeks after their whiplash injury they will not necessarily have a poor outcome in the longer term as is commonly believed at present.
33
Wu, Huaming [Verfasser], and T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Zwick. "Motion Compensation for Near-Range Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications / Huaming Wu ; Betreuer: T. Zwick." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1184492271/34.
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Ben-Naser, Abdusalam. "Measurement of range of motion of human finger joints, using a computer vision system." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12531.
Full textAbstract:
Assessment of finger range of motion (ROM) is often required for monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitative treatments and for evaluating patients' functional impairment. There are several devices which are used to measure this motion, such as wire tracing, tracing onto paper and mechanical and electronic goniometry. These devices are quite cheap, excluding electronic goniometry; however the drawbacks of these devices are their lack of accuracy and the time- consuming nature of the measurement process. The work described in this thesis considers the design, implementation and validation of a new medical measurement system utilized in the evaluation of the range of motion of the human finger joints instead of the current measurement tools. The proposed system is a non-contact measurement device based on computer vision technology and has many advantages over the existing measurement devices. In terms of accuracy, better results are achieved by this system, it can be operated by semi-skilled person, and is time saving for the evaluator. The computer vision system in this study consists of CCD cameras to capture the images, a frame-grabber to change the analogue signal from the cameras to digital signals which can be manipulated by a computer, Ultra Violet light (UV) to illuminate the measurement space, software to process the images and perform the required computation, a darkened enclosure to accommodate the cameras and UV light and to shield the working area from any undesirable ambient light. Two calibration techniques were used to calibrate the cameras, Direct Linear Transformation and Tsai. A calibration piece that suits this application was designed and manufactured. A steel hand model was used to measure the fingers joint angles. The average error from measuring the finger angles using this system was around 1 degree compared with 5 degrees for the existing used techniques.
35
Chang, Li-Shan. "Effects of Stroke Patterns on Shoulder Joint Kinematics and Electromyography in Wheelchair Propulsion." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/kin_health_diss/3.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this dissertation was to analyze shoulder joint kinematics and electromyographic activities of wheelchair propulsion between two stroke patterns. Twenty physical therapy students (14 females and 6 males, age 27.4 ± 5.9 years, body mass 64.41 ± 9.37 Kg and body height 169.32 ± 9.12 cm) participated. Eleven reflective markers were placed on thorax and right scapula, humerus, third metacarpophalangeal joint and wheelchair axle. Surface electrodes were placed on right pectoralis major, anterior and posterior deltoids, infraspinatus, middle trapezius, biceps brachialis long head and triceps brachialis. Participants propelled a standard wheelchair on a stationary roller system at 0.9 m/s and 1.8 m/s with semicircular (SC) and single loop (SL) stroke patterns for 20 seconds. Three-dimensional body movement and muscle activities were recorded at 100 and 1000 Hz, respectively. All data were compared for differences between two patterns and two speeds using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA (α < .05). Results showed longer drive phase and shorter recovery phase in SC when compared to SL, with no difference found on cycle time. Smaller release angles in SC caused longer angle ranges of hand contact on the pushrim while initial contact angles did not change. During drive phase, smaller scapular protraction range of motion (ROM) was found in SC. Shoulder abduction in drive phase was larger in terms of the maximal angle and ROM. In the recovery phase, minimal scapular tilting, protraction, and shoulder abduction and internal rotation were larger in SC when compared to SL pattern. Shoulder linear velocities and accelerations were higher in both phases for abduction/adduction and flexion/extension in SC. For SC pattern, pectorals major and middle trapezius showed lower activities during drive phase while posterior deltoid and triceps showed higher activities during both phases when compared to SL. Although posterior deltoid and triceps muscles work harder in SC pattern, longer drive phase and lower muscle activities in pectorals major and middle trapezius during the drive phase may make SC the better stroke pattern in wheelchair propulsion when compared to SL.
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Peck, Christopher. "An assessment of condylar kinematics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4208.
Full textAbstract:
Most studies of condylar movement are based on the movement of an arbitrary condylar point. As the condyle is a 3-dimensional body which undergoes complex rotations and translations in function, the movement of one point in the vicinity of the condyle may not accurately represent condylar movement. The aims of this investigation were to determine in human subjects, during open-close and excursive jaw movements, the movement patterns of arbitrary and anatomical condylar points; and whether the trajectory of a single selected point can accurately reflect the movement of the condyle. In 44 subjects, condylar point movements were recorded with an opto-electronic tracking system (JAWS3D), which recoded the position of three light-emitting diodes attached to each dental arch. The primary point, selected to represent movement of the condyle, was 15 mm medial to the palpated lateral condylar pole, parallel to the Frankfort horizontal plane. Additionally, four points were selected along orthogonal axes in the sagittal plane, and four in the horizontal plane: each was 5 mm from the primary point. In two subjects, the mandibular condyles were imaged by computerised tomography (CT) and the lateral and medial poles, most superior, anterior and posterior points of their condyles were selected. The trajectories of each point were compared for each subject for the mandibular movements listed above. Variability in both path form and dimension was noted between the subjects for all mandibular movements. For example, in an open-close mandibular movement the condylar point translation varied in the antero-posterior direction between 1.8-22.8 mm, and in the supero-inferior direction between 4.5-12.1 mm. For each subject, the pathway of each point was different in form and dimension from that subject’s other condylar points for the open-close, and ipsilateral lateral mandibular movements. For the open-close movement, in only four of the 44 subjects were the arbitrary point traces similar in form within a subject; and the tracings of each subject’s condylar points showed, on average, a 3.2 mm difference in maximal horizontal (i.e. antero-posterior) translation and 2.9 mm in maximal vertical (i.e. supereo-inferior) translation. For contralateral lateral mandibular movements, the path form and dimension in the sagittal plane of the condylar points were similar within a subject; however the lateral component showed variability in path length for the different points within a subject. The pathways of the condylar points for a protrusive movement displayed the most similarity within a subject, with an average of 0.4 mm variation in maximal horizontal or vertical displacement between each subject’s arbitrary condylar points’ tracings. The anatomical condylar points of the two subjects showed variability between and within each subject. For these two subjects the trajectories of the arbitrary condylar points moved in directions similar to the anatomical points of all movements except for the ipsilateral lateral mandibular movement, where in one subject, the arbitrary condylar points moved posteriorly, inferiorly and laterally whereas the anatomical points moved anteriorly, inferiorly and laterally. There is much variability in both form and dimension for mandibular condylar movement between human subjects. There is also considerable variability within subjects in the form and dimension of condylar point movement, whether arbitrary or anatomical, depending on the point selected. By inference therefore, a single condylar point cannot accurately reflect the movement of the mandibular condyle, except perhaps for a protrusive mandibular movement. Multiple mandibular points are therefore required to describe the motion of the condyle. In an ipsilateral lateral mandibular movement, for example, an arbitrary point may move in a completely different direction to the mandibular condyle, and so anatomically derived condylar points should be utilised to assess accurately condylar movement.
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Peck, Christopher. "An assessment of condylar kinematics." University of Sydney, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4208.
Full textAbstract:
Master of Science<br>Most studies of condylar movement are based on the movement of an arbitrary condylar point. As the condyle is a 3-dimensional body which undergoes complex rotations and translations in function, the movement of one point in the vicinity of the condyle may not accurately represent condylar movement. The aims of this investigation were to determine in human subjects, during open-close and excursive jaw movements, the movement patterns of arbitrary and anatomical condylar points; and whether the trajectory of a single selected point can accurately reflect the movement of the condyle. In 44 subjects, condylar point movements were recorded with an opto-electronic tracking system (JAWS3D), which recoded the position of three light-emitting diodes attached to each dental arch. The primary point, selected to represent movement of the condyle, was 15 mm medial to the palpated lateral condylar pole, parallel to the Frankfort horizontal plane. Additionally, four points were selected along orthogonal axes in the sagittal plane, and four in the horizontal plane: each was 5 mm from the primary point. In two subjects, the mandibular condyles were imaged by computerised tomography (CT) and the lateral and medial poles, most superior, anterior and posterior points of their condyles were selected. The trajectories of each point were compared for each subject for the mandibular movements listed above. Variability in both path form and dimension was noted between the subjects for all mandibular movements. For example, in an open-close mandibular movement the condylar point translation varied in the antero-posterior direction between 1.8-22.8 mm, and in the supero-inferior direction between 4.5-12.1 mm. For each subject, the pathway of each point was different in form and dimension from that subject’s other condylar points for the open-close, and ipsilateral lateral mandibular movements. For the open-close movement, in only four of the 44 subjects were the arbitrary point traces similar in form within a subject; and the tracings of each subject’s condylar points showed, on average, a 3.2 mm difference in maximal horizontal (i.e. antero-posterior) translation and 2.9 mm in maximal vertical (i.e. supereo-inferior) translation. For contralateral lateral mandibular movements, the path form and dimension in the sagittal plane of the condylar points were similar within a subject; however the lateral component showed variability in path length for the different points within a subject. The pathways of the condylar points for a protrusive movement displayed the most similarity within a subject, with an average of 0.4 mm variation in maximal horizontal or vertical displacement between each subject’s arbitrary condylar points’ tracings. The anatomical condylar points of the two subjects showed variability between and within each subject. For these two subjects the trajectories of the arbitrary condylar points moved in directions similar to the anatomical points of all movements except for the ipsilateral lateral mandibular movement, where in one subject, the arbitrary condylar points moved posteriorly, inferiorly and laterally whereas the anatomical points moved anteriorly, inferiorly and laterally. There is much variability in both form and dimension for mandibular condylar movement between human subjects. There is also considerable variability within subjects in the form and dimension of condylar point movement, whether arbitrary or anatomical, depending on the point selected. By inference therefore, a single condylar point cannot accurately reflect the movement of the mandibular condyle, except perhaps for a protrusive mandibular movement. Multiple mandibular points are therefore required to describe the motion of the condyle. In an ipsilateral lateral mandibular movement, for example, an arbitrary point may move in a completely different direction to the mandibular condyle, and so anatomically derived condylar points should be utilised to assess accurately condylar movement.
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Peck, Christopher Charles. "An Assessment Of Condylar Kinematics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4982.
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Kucukkilic, Talip. "Isar Imaging And Motion Compensation." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608102/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) systems the motion of the target can be classified in two main categories: Translational Motion and Rotational Motion. A small degree of rotational motion is required in order to generate the synthetic aperture of the ISAR systems. On the other hand, the remaining part of the target&rsquo<br>s motion, that is any degree of translational motion and the large degree of rotational motion, degrades ISAR image quality. Motion compensation techniques focus on eliminating the effect of the targets&rsquo<br>motion on the ISAR images.
In this thesis, ISAR image generation is discussed using both Conventional Fourier Based and Time-Frequency Based techniques. Standard translational motion compensation steps, Range and Doppler Tracking, are examined. Cross-correlation method and Dominant Scatterer Algorithm are employed for Range and Doppler tracking purposes, respectively. Finally, Time-Frequency based motion compensation is studied and compared with the conventional techniques.
All of the motion compensation steps are examined using the simulated data. Stepped frequency waveforms are used in order to generate the required data of the simulations. Not only successful results, but also worst case examinations and lack of algorithms are also discussed with the examples.
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Grambo, Laura B. "Heavy elastic vs. white tape : the effect of ankle taping on ankle range of motion /." Online version, 2010. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=340&CISOBOX=1&REC=5.
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Guest, Rebecca Jane. "The Effects of Massage on Mood State, Range of Motion, Sports Performance, and Perceived Performance." The University of Montana, 2010. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-08202010-113454/.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Sports massage is commonly used to treat pain, soreness, and stiffness related to sports injury and training, as well as for injury prevention. Believed to increase blood flow, decrease swelling, reduce muscle tension, and increase a sense of well-being, massage is a widely used manual therapy across the world. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a twenty-minute sports massage on mood state, range of motion, sports performance, and perceived performance. Methods: This repeated measures study consisted of passive recovery and massage recovery trials. Baseline testing included the Profile of Mood States questionnaire, range of motion measurements of hip flexion and extension, knee flexion and extension, and ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion, as well as sports performance testing of vertical jump, and perceived performance rating on a scale from 1 to 10. A five minute, 100 watt, bike warm-up was completed before a 130-foot contact plyometric workout before the randomly assigned intervention. Subjects then returned at 24 and 48 hours post intervention for repeat testing of mood state, range of motion, sport performance, and perceived performance. Analysis: Descriptive statistics were calculated using Excel. All data was analyzed in SPSS using repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni adjustments when necessary. Results: No significant results were found for mood state, sport performance, or range of motion (p > .05). Perceived performance was found to be significantly higher at the 24-hour time point in the massage group when compared to the passive recovery group (p = .007). Conclusions: Perceived performance after a massage intervention significantly differed from the passive recovery group. Mood state, range of motion, and sport performance provide no support for the use of sports massage, however, the psychological benefits of the perceived performance may be beneficial enough to warrant the use of the manual therapy.
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Turley, G. A. "Graphical representation of range of motion in the assessment of total hip arthroplasty : innovation report." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60376/.
Full textAbstract:
Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a successful technique restoring lost mobility to patients suffering from osteoarthritis. A successful THA normalises the biomechanics of the hip joint so that a patient can achieve the required range of motion to fulfil their daily activities. A recent development in THA implant technologies has been the introduction of femoral neck modularity. Assessment of femoral neck modularity has been limited by two factors. Firstly, range of motion requirement is not well understood and secondly previous clinical reports have lacked a comparison against an established successful THA implant. This study has successfully addressed these limiting factors by developing an innovative range of motion benchmark which considers the activities a person is required to undertake during their daily routine. The benchmark was developed using a systematic review of the literature focussing on hip joint biomechanics. This has been the first study to provide a clinically meaningful representation of hip joint range of motion which permits operative outcome to be directly compared against an established benchmark. Integration of the range of motion benchmark within the surgical environment was achieved by using a surgical navigation measurement device. Intra-operative measurement meant that post-operative range of motion could be simulated and compared against the requirement set by the range of motion benchmark. Distinct outcome measures have been able to be developed using this comparison which has allowed the surgical process to be assessed like a manufacturing system. Using these outcome measures, it was found that femoral neck modularity has greater potential to adjust implant orientation in comparison to non-modular femoral neck implants to achieve the ideal range of motion. However, this potential is being limited due to the current modular neck options available and because of difficulty experienced by the surgeon in assessing implant orientation. These findings have been used to develop a medical device which provides guidance to the surgeon about the THA implant orientation and thus allow them to able to make the correct modular neck choice to maximise range of motion and improve the operative outcome for the patient.
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Zaragoza-Rivera, Yadetsie Nichole. "Pediatric Cervical Spine Range of Motion, Strength, and Stiffness in the Sagittal and Coronal Planes." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587411565508067.
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Ottonello, Dominique Marchelle. "Impact of Passive Range of Motion Exercises and Stretching in Knee Osteoarthritis Pain during Walking." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1589847790494845.
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Macrum, Elisabeth Corliss Padua Darin A. "The relationship between dorsiflexion range of motion and lower extremity movement patterns and muscle activation." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1882.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 11, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art in the Department of Exercise & Sport Science in the College of Arts & Sciences." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.
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Makkad, Satwinderpal. "Range determination from translational motion blur." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9968.
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Natale, Donald J. Tutwiler Richard L. "Motion estimation from range image pairs." 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-3381/index.html.
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Hills, Julia. "Hip range of motion asymmetries in baseball hitters." 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Zhu, Peiying. "Motion analysis from a sequence of range images." Thesis, 1993. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/3733/1/NN84684.pdf.
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The main goal of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of recovering motion from a sequence of range images as an alternate solution to the complex motion problem. The work presented in this thesis can be divided into two separate parts. The first part describes the long term process, and the second part discusses the short term process. The major problem for the long term process is to reliably find matching features in two or more successive images. An approach is proposed to establish the best match of point features between successive frames using a Hopfield neural network. A model is developed to convert the correspondence problem to the problem of minimizing an energy function, which occurs at the stable state of a Hopfield neural network. After establishing the feature matching, a $\delta$-bound matching concept is introduced to detect the reliable matching features, therefore increase the accuracy of the estimated motion parameters by removing the effect of mismatching features. In this way, the algorithm is tolerant to noise due to feature detection or occlusion. For the short term process, the case of a single rigid moving object is first studied. A simple, yet powerful, algorithm is proposed to estimate motion of a single rigid object. The motion problem is modeled as solving a set of linear equations. A weighted least squares technique has been found to provide the best performance among several other versions of least squares techniques. Theoretical analysis on the necessary and sufficients conditions for the unique interpretation of the motion parameters and on the sensitivity of the estimated motion parameters to noise provides further insight into the behavior of the algorithm. For more complicated motion such as nonrigid motion, the complete process can be viewed in two separate levels: low and high. In this thesis, attention has been paid to the low level processing. A 3D velocity field has been chosen to be the output of the low level stage. We first develop an algorithm which uniquely estimates 3D velocities of points on smooth surfaces by its first and second order partial derivatives, except at parabolic points. The algorithm is very fast and easy to implement in hardware or software. However, it does not provide reliable estimates of velocities near edge points. Hence we propose another algorithm, which is based on the correlation of the local structure of principal curvatures. The advantage of this correlation approach is that it can estimate velocities of both corner points as well as points on smooth curved surfaces, and vernier velocities of line edge points. The disadvantage is that it is computationally intensive compared with the approach for smooth surfaces. Therefore, we suggest that two algorithms should be combined together to give the best performance. Many experimental results on both synthetic and real images are presented in this thesis.
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Chu, Kung-Hsien, and 朱拱賢. "Adaptive Search Range for Full-Search Motion Estimation." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97996521679008011207.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>資訊工程學系研究所<br>92<br>Due to the progress of Internet technology and technical improvement, the growths of multimedia products and services ,such as Multimedia Message Service（MMS）, Multimedia on Demand（MoD）, Video Conferencing, and Digital TV, are very fast. All of these services need good video compression and audio compression standards to support. It is impossible to transmit source data of multimedia on networks. Motion Estimation needs the most computing complexity in the video compression. In our research, we focus on how to reduce candidate blocks and keep video quality.
We study some fast motion estimation algorithms and architectures, and design a fast motion estimation architecture which supports resolution of 1280x720 at 30fps frame rate in HDTV specification based on hierarchical motion estimation algorithm. In the limit of hardware resources and the compressed video quality, the architecture can improve inter-coding performance. Two adjacent MacroBlocks have similar Motion Vector in our observation. We arrange a 16x8 processing element array to deal with two adjacent MacroBlocks together. The design can reduce a lot of clock cycles in the hierarchical motion estimation architecture, and keep high video quality.
Furthermore, we propose a search range prediction method（called ASR）which reflect the motion behavior of video sequences into search range on MB-By-MB Basis. ASR can reduce the unnecessary operation of candidate blocks and keep very high video quality compared with Full Search Block Matching algorithm by the implementation in official software of the new video compression standard, Joint Model of H.264/AVC.